Past perfect active and passive упражнения. Future Perfect - Страдательный Залог. Вопросы и отрицания Present Perfect в пассивном залоге

Упр. 65. Прочитайте и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. No mistakes have been made.

2. The gate has been left open.

3. He will have been sent to school by that time.

4. The dinner had been eaten before they finished the conversation.

5. You will have been given an answer by next week.

6. The building had been destroyed by the fire before the fire brigade arrived.

7. I couldn’t open the box as it had been locked by somebody.

8. The book will have been published by the end of the year.

9. I’ve just been offered the ticket for the film.

10. Pushkin’s works have been translated into many languages.

Упр. 66. Переделайте предложения из активного в пассивный залог.

Example: They have discussed the question. - The question has been discussed.

1. The child has broken the crystal vase.

2. The gardener has planted some trees.

3. She hasn’t cleaned the rooms for weeks.

4. Have the boys broken the window?

5. They haven’t invited Nick to the party.

6. The company has sacked 100 people.

7. The police have accused several people of the theft.

2. They have taken her to hospital.

3. Somebody has split tea all over the tablecloth.

4. Has someone mended the chair yet?

5. Nobody has ever spoken to me like that.

6. I haven’t washed the floor yet.

7. I have cut my finger.

8. The orchestra has played that piece beautifully.

10. They will have translated the article by next week.

11. They will have packed the things by the evening.

Упр. 67. Когда ученики вернулись в школу после летних каникул, они заметили,

что многое изменилось. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Past Perfect Passive .

New desks ___ had been bought ______________________ (buy).

1 A lot of trees ____________________________________(plant).

2 New lights ______________________________________(put in).

3 The classrooms ___________________________________(paint).

4 A tennis court ____________________________________(build).

5 The fence ________________________________________(take down).

6 Five new classrooms ________________________________(add).

7 New equipment __________________________(buy) for the chemistry lab.

8 Showers __________________________(install) in the changing rooms.

9 New blackboards __________________________(put up) in the classrooms.

10 The whole school ________________________________(modernize).

Упр . 68. Как вы думаете, что произойдет или еще не произойдет к 2020 году? Употребите глаголы в Future Perfect Passive.

Begin: I think… or I don’t think. . . . Use find, introduce, invent and solve.

Example: I don’t think the drug problem will have been solved.

the drug problem a cure for cancer passenger transport to the moon the world’s hunger problem supersonic trains new energy source the problem of world peace

Упр. 69. Переделайте предложения из активного в пассивный залог. Обращайте

внимание на видо - временные формы глаголов .

1. The customs officer is counting the cases.

2. When he entered the kitchen his sister was cooking supper.

3. After the accident they took him to hospital.

4. They will have completed this work by the end of the month.

5. The secretary has just brought some new magazines.

6. My son has cut his finger to the bone.

7. They wrote that letter in ink.

8. They are discussing a very important question now.

9. The porter will bring your luggage to your room.

10. They offered her an interesting job.

11. The organizers will exhibit the paintings till the end of August.

12. The author has written a special edition for women.

13. I have bought a piano. They are delivering it tomorrow.

14. A thief stole my cat. I offered him $10 reward.

15. When we returned they had already locked the door.

16. I want to call the police because somebody has stolen my watch.

17. They will have built a new school by September.

18. They speak English here.

19. We will finish this work in time.

20. The secretary had typed the contract before the director came to the office.

21. The manager hasn’t signed the documents yet. He is checking them now.

22. A famous architect designed this theatre.

23. The teacher will correct the student’s composition.

24. Someone will serve coffee.

25. In some districts farmers use pigs to find truffles.

26. Glinka composed the opera “Ivan Susanin”.

27. A railway line connects the village with the town.

28. The director has just signed the letter.

29. They are building many new houses in our town now.

30. They built this bridge in 1945.

31. The manager hasn’t signed the documents yet. He is checking them now.

32. They sell these books everywhere.

33. Helen washed the dishes.

34. By the middle of autumn we had planted all the trees.

35. They haven’t brought back my skates.

36. Bees gather honey from flowers.

37. They make Toyotas in Japan.

38. They invited two hundred people to the wedding.

39. I have told the children about the party.

40. They promised the workers higher wages.

41. They will allow each boy a second plate of ice-cream.

42. They had already offered me a new job at the bank.

43. She will give you the answer in a week.

44. They make these artificial flowers of silk.

45. They took the photographs after the ceremony.

46. Has anyone posted my parcel?

Для совершенного обладания английским недостаточно выучить использование только 12 времен действительного залога. В быту иногда приходится сталкиваться с ситуациями, когда, например, нам неизвестно лицо, которое осуществляло действие, но мы хотим рассказать о произошедших событиях. Как тогда их выразить? Для таких случаев англичане используют passive voice, что в переводе на русский означает пассивный, или по-другому страдательный, залог. Сегодня мы разберем одно из встречающихся в речи и текстах его направлений – past perfect passive. Узнаем, как образуются конструкции этого времени и отработаем навык их использования, выполняя тематические упражнения.

Зачем употреблять страдательный залог?

Изучая английский язык в теории, до поры до времени изучающим не приходится встречать в текстах или речи пассивный залог. Но, когда человек достигает среднего уровня знаний английского и переходит к самостоятельному чтению газет, журналов и книг, он сразу наталкивается в текстах на эту конструкцию. Различают несколько типичных случаев употребления сказуемых в неактивной форме. Рассмотрим их.

Страдательный залог используется, когда говорящий хочет подчеркнуть значимость событий/действий, а не лица, их совершившего. На первый план при этом выставляют объект, над которым и выполняется само действие.

• Olga has done all exercises – Ольга выполнила все упражнения (акцент на лицо, выполнившее действия).
• All exercises have been done by Olga – Все упражнения были выполнены Ольгой (важен факт совершения действий).

Невозможно обойтись без употребления passive voice в случаях, когда не удается точно определить исполнителя действий.

• This store sends emails every week – Этот магазин присылает электронные письма каждую неделю. (лицо известно)
• These emails are sent every week – Эти электронные письма присылают каждую неделю (неизвестно кто)

Также, страдательный залог часто встречается в СМИ и официальной речи, например, при обсуждении негативных последствий событий, в которых некого винить или же виновника не хотят называть. Кроме того, такие конструкции употребляют для придания высказыванию вежливого и нейтрального оттенка.

• His election campaign was failed – Его избирательная компания была провалена.
• Your request wasn ’t processed yesterday but it will be processed today – Ваш запрос не был обработан вчера, но он будет обработан сегодня.

Как видно из приведенных примеров, пассивная форма может применяться не только в past perfect passive, но и практически в любых временах, кроме продолженного будущего и совершенного продолженного (Future/Perfect Progressive). Если необходимо описать процесс действия, следует воспользоваться страдательными формами времен Present/Past Continuous или вовсе поставить предложение в действительный залог. Все виды страдательных конструкций сразу рассмотреть невозможно, поэтому сегодня изучим только одну временную группу.

Пассивный залог этого времени имеет такое же значение, как и действительный – показать завершенность одного действия прежде, или в момент, начала/происхождения другого. Употребляются такие предложения, конечно, не так часто как формы настоящего и прошедшего времени, но порой встречаются и в текстах, и в разговорной речи. Рассмотрим подробнее правила их построения, которые помогут нам позже верно выполнить практические упражнения.

Конструкция сказуемого прошедшего совершенного времени в passive voice складывается из трех основных частей: вспомогательного глагола have в прошедшем времени, соответствующей формы глагола to be и причастия II. Обобщенная схема выглядит следующим образом.

The fax (1) had been (2) sent (3) before the boss came at the office (4) – Факс был отправлен до того, как в офис пришел начальник.

Вопросительная и отрицательная формы страдательного залога этой группы времени образуются при помощи вспомогательного слова had. При создании вопроса эту частичку просто выносят вперед.

Had (1) work (2) been (3) finished (4) by that time (5) ? – Работа была закончена к тому времени?

Для постановки отрицания берут конструкцию утверждения и просто добавляют к had отрицательное слово not.

The letter (1) hadn ’t been (2) written (3) yet when I returned home (4) – Письмо еще не было написано, когда я вернулся домой.

Встречаются случаи, когда употребляют вопросительную форму с отрицанием. Это необходимо, например, если мы хотим уточнить, действительно ли что-то не было сделано. Для такой ситуации схема будет иметь следующий вид.

Had (1) the letter (2) not been (3) written (4) when you returned home (5)? – Письмо не было написано, когда ты вернулся домой?

Обратите внимание, что при построении отрицательного вопроса, not остается по соседству с been, а не следует в начало предложения за had.

Для запоминания правил и отработки построения конструкций, приведем примеры предложений во всех возможных вариациях.

Действия субъекта (Действительный залог)	Действия к объекту (Пассивная форма)
Alice had cooked the lunch by 12 o’clock. Алиса приготовила обед к 12 часам.	The lunch had been cooked by 12 o’clock. Обед был приготовлен к 12 часам.
Had he not painted the picture when the father came? Он не дорисовал картину, когда пришел отец?	Had the picture not been painted when the father came? Картина не была дорисована, когда пришел отец?
Nobody had translated this book Никто не перевел эту книгу на японский язык до тех пор, пока я это не сделал.	This book hadn’t been translated into the Japanese language until I did it. Эта книга не была переведена на японский язык до тех пор, пока я не сделал это.
What time had you closed the doors that day? В какое время вы закрыли двери в тот день?	What time had the doors been closed that day? В какое время в тот день закрыли двери?
I hadn’t washed my car by 5 o’clock. Я не помыл свою машину к 5 часам.	My car hadn’t been washed by 5 o’clock. Машина не была вымыта к 5 часам.
Actors of this theatre had played «Hamlet» for 7 month before they won the award. Актеры этого театра играли «Гамлета» в течение 7 месяцев, прежде чем они выиграли эту премию .	“Hamlet” had been played in this theatre for 7 month before it won the award. «Гамлета» играли в этом театре в течение 7 месяцев, прежде чем спектакль заслужил эту награду.
Had they repaired your computer by Sunday? Они починили твой компьютер к воскресенью?	Had your computer been repaired by Sunday? Твой компьютер был починен к воскресенью?

Мы проработали основные виды речевых конструкций времени паст перфект, в которых можно встретить употребление passive voice. Настало время и проверить свои силы в выполнении различных заданий. Желаем вам успешно завершить все упражнения!

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Как вы уже могли заметить, в английском языке времен гораздо больше, чем в русском, и на первый взгляд они сложнее, чем в нашем родном языке. Но не переживайте, так кажется только поначалу. Общим в языках является наличие залогов: действительного и страдательного. В действительном залоге подлежащее (предмет, действующее лицо) само совершает действие. В страдательном же залоге действие направлено на предмет.

Рассмотрим на примере русских предложений:

Я читаю книгу «Война и мир» - Это действительный залог.

Книга «Война и мир» читается моим братом - Это страдательный залог. На подлежащее (книгу) оказывается действие третьим лицом (братом), который ее читает.

Переведем эти предложения на английский.

I read the book called “War and Peace”.
The book called “War and Peace” is read by my brother.

В последнем предложении используется время Present Simple Passive Voice, то есть простое настоящее время в пассивном залоге, о котором можно прочитать .

В этой статье же мы разберем Present Perfect Passive (презент перфект пассив), то есть настоящее завершенное время в страдательном залоге. Мы расскажем правила и приведем примеры Present Perfect Passive, объясним, чем эта временная форма отличается от других. Ее полное название - Present Perfect Simple Passive.

Употребление

Как и вся группа Perfect, Present Perfect Passive Voice употребляется для выражения действий, которые уже завершились к моменту речи, но их результат имеет отношение к настоящему времени. В данном случае речь идет о действиях в страдательном залоге, то есть подлежащее не осуществляет действие, а действие направлено на подлежащее (кем-то).

Образование Present Perfect Passive Voice, примеры

Present Perfect Passive образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола have в настоящем времени, глагола to be в третье форме (been) и сказуемого в третьей форме.

Схема предложения Present Perfect в пассивном залоге выглядит следующим образом:

Подлежащее + have/has + been + сказуемое в третьей форме + второстепенные члены предложения.

Форма вспомогательного глагола have (have или has) зависит от подлежащего: Have употребляется с первым лицом и остальными лицами во множественным числом. Has – с местоимениями he, she, it и существительными 3-го лица единственного числа.

Третья форма сказуемого образуется при помощи добавления –ed к правильным глаголам. Если глагол неправильный, то используется третья форма из таблицы неправильных глаголов.

Примеры предложений в Present Perfect Passive

The book has already been discussed by the students - Книга уже обсуждалась студентами.
Форма глагола have - has, так как подлежащее - книга. Discuss – правильный глагол, 3 форма – discussed.

These documents have been brought by your secretary – Эти документы принес твой секретарь.
Форма глагола have - have, так как подлежащее (документы) - во множественном числе. Bring - неправильный глагол, его третья форма - brought.

Проанализируйте следующие примеры употребления Present Perfect Passive:

My sister has been given many sweets, she is happy - Моей сестре дали много конфет, она счастлива.
The flowers have already been watered - Цветы уже полили.
His letter has been sent to the wrong address - Его письмо отправили по неверному адресу.
The homework has just been finished - Домашняя работа только что закончена.

Вопросы и отрицания Present Perfect в пассивном залоге

Вопросительные предложения в английском начинаются с вспомогательного глагола, в данном случае с соответствующей формы глагола have. Далее идет подлежащее, затем been, потом 3-я форма глагола и второстепенные члены предложения. Например:
Have the flowers been watered? - Цветы полили?
Has the letter been sent to me? - Мне отправили письмо?
Has the book been discussed in class? - В классе обсудили книгу?
Has the homework been finished? - Домашняя работа закончена?

В отрицательных предложениях частица not ставится между глаголом have в соответствующей форме и глаголом been.

Образуем отрицания из приведенных выше вопросов.
The flowers have not been watered yet - Цветы еще не политы.
The letter has not been sent to me - Мне не отправили письмо.
The book has not been discussed in class yet - Книгу в классе еще не обсудили.
The homework has not been finished - Домашняя работа не закончена.

Не забывайте, что в отрицательных предложениях можно использовать сокращения:
have not = haven’t
has not = hasn’t

Обратите внимание, что наречие yet (еще) ставится в конце предложения, а наречия just (только что) и already (уже) – после вспомогательного глагола have.

Также при переводе старайтесь избегать слов «был», «были» и т.д. Например: This bench has just been painted - Скамейку только что покрасили (а не «была покрашена»).

Если в предложении не указано, кем совершено действие, то переводится оно должно как неопределенно-личное.

Present Perfect Active and Passive - отличия

Когда мы хотим подчеркнуть, кто совершал действие, мы использует действительный залог. Если хотим подчеркнуть само действие, и на что оно было направлено – страдательный залог.

Чтобы лучше закрепить тему Present Perfect Passive, советуем сделать несколько упражнений. Изучайте, повторяйте, закрепляйте. Удачи в изучении английского языка!

1. The postbox (to empty) every day.
2. The letters (to deliver).

Answers: 1. is emptied 2. are postmarked. 3. are sorted. 4. is loaded. 5. are unloaded. 6. are taken. 7. are sorted. 8. are delivered.

Exercise 2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple Passive. (YESTERDAY)

1. The postbox (to empty) yesterday.
2. The stamps (to postmark) at the post office.
3. The letters (to sort) into the different towns.
4. The mail (to load) into the train.
5. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey.
6. The bags (to take) to the post office.
7. The letters (to sort) into the different streets.
8. The letters (to deliver).

Answers: 1. was emptied. 2. were postmarked. 3. were sorted. 4. was loaded. 5. were unloaded. 6. were taken. 7. were sorted. 8. were delivered.

Exercise 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Future Simple Passive. (TOMORROW)

1. The postbox (to empty) tomorrow.
2. The stamps (to postmark) at the post office.
3. The letters (to sort) into the different towns.
4. The mail (to load) into the train.
5. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey.
6. The bags (to take) to the postoffice.
7. The letters (to sort) into the different streets.
8. The letters (to deliever).

Answers: 1. will be emptied. 2. will be postmarked. 3. will be sorted. 4. will be loaded. 5. will be unloaded. 6. will be taken. 7. will be sorted. 8. will be delivered.

Exercise 4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.

1. My question (to answer) yesterday.
2. Hockey (to play) in winter.
3. Mushrooms (to gather) in autumn.
4. Many houses (to burn) during the Great Fire of London.
5. His new book (to finish) next year.
6. Flowers (to sell) in shops and in the streets.
7. St. Petersburg (to found) in 1703.
8. Bread (to eat) every day.
9. The letter (to receive) yesterday.
10. Nick (to send) to Moscow next week.
11. I (to ask) at the lesson yesterday.
12. I (to give) a very interest ing book at the library last Friday.
13. Many houses (to build) in our town every year.
14. This work (to do) tomorrow.
15. This text (to translate) at the last lesson.
16. These trees (to plant) last autumn.
17. Many interesting games always (to play) at our PT lessons.
18. This bone (to give) to my dog tomorrow.
19. We (to invite) to a concert last Saturday.
20. Lost time never (to find) again.
21. Rome (not to build) in a day.

Answers: 1. was answered. 2. is played. 3. are gathered. 4. were burnt. 5. will be finished. 6. are sold. 7. was founded. 8. is eaten. 9. was received. 10. will be sent. 11. was asked. 12. was given. 13. are built. 14. will be done. 15. was translated. 16. were planted. 17. are always played. 18. will be given. 19. were invited. 20. is never found. 21. was not built.

Exercise 5. Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующуюся форму глагола.

1. At the station they will (meet, be met) by a man from the travel bureau.
2. She will (meet, be met) them in the hall upstairs.
3. The porter will (bring, be brought) your luggage to your room.
4. Your luggage will (bring, be brought) up in the lift.
5. You may (leave, be left) your hat and coat in the cloakroom downstairs.
6. They can (leave, be left) the key with the clerk downstairs.
7. From the station they will (take, be taken) straight to the hotel.
8. Tomorrow he will (take, be taken) them to the Russian Museum.

Answers: 1. will be met. 2. will meet. 3. will bring. 4. will be brought. 5. may leave. 6. can leave. 7. will be taken. 8. will take.

Exercise 6. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice, обращая внимание на место предлога.

E.g. We often speak of her. - She is often spoken of.

1. The senior students laughed at the freshman.
2. The group spoke to the headmistress yesterday.
3. Young mothers looked after their babies with great care.
4. Nobody lived in that old house.
5. They sent for Jim and told him to prepare a report on that subject.
6. We thought about our friend all the time.
7. The doctor will operate on him in a week.
8. The teacher sent for the pupil’s parents.
9. They looked for the newspaper everywhere.
10. Nobody slept in the bed.
11. The neighbour asked for the telegram.
12. Everybody listened to the lecturer with great attention.

Answers: 1. The freshman was laughed at. 2. The headmistress was spoken to yesterday. 3. The babies were looked after with great care. 4. That old house was not lived in. 5. Jim was sent for and told to prepare a report on that subject. 6. Our friend was thought about all the time. 7. He will be operated on in a week. 8. The pupil’s parents were sent for. 9. The newspaper was looked for everywhere. 10. The bed was not slept in. 11. The telegram was asked for. 12. The lecturer was listened to with great attention.

Exercise 7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Active Voice или Passive Voice.

1. Nobody (to see) him yesterday.
2. The telegram (to receive) tomorrow.
3. He (to give) me this book next week.
4. The answer to this question can (to find) in the encyclopedia.
5. We (to show) the historical monuments of the capital to the delegation tomorrow.
6. You can (to find) interesting information about the life in the USA in this book.
7. Budapest (to divide) by the Danube into two parts: Buda and Pest.
8. Yuri Dolgoruki (to found) Moscow in 1147.
9. Moscow University (to found) by Lomonosov.
10. We (to call) Zhukovski the father of Russian aviation.

Answers: 1. saw. 2. will be received. 3. will give. 4. be found. 5. shall show. 6. find. 7. is divided. 8. founded. 9. was founded. 10. call.

Exercise 8. Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.

1. Не stole a lot of money from the shop.
2. By six o’clock they had finished the work.
3. At twelve o’clock the workers were loading the trucks.
4. By three o’clock the workers had loaded the trucks.
5. We send our daughter to rest in the south every year.
6. They will show this film on TV.
7. They are building a new concert hall in our street.
8. I bought potatoes yesterday.
9. We shall bring the books tomorrow.
10. They are repairing the clock now.
11. They sell milk in this shop.
12. I have translated the whole text.
13. They broke the window last week.
14. When I came home, they had eaten the sweets.
15. We shall do the work in the evening.
16. He wrote this book in the 19th century.
17. They were playing tennis from four till five.
18. They have made a number of important experiments in this laboratory.
19. Livingstone explored Central Africa in the 19th century.
20. By the middle of autumn we had planted all the trees.
21. They will stage this play at the beginning of next season.
22. They have forgotten the story.
23. Has anybody explained the rules of the game to you?
24. They haven’t brought back my skates.

Answers: 1. A lot of money was stolen from the shop. 2. By six o’clock the work had been finished. 3. At twelve o’clock the trucks were being loaded. 4. By three o’clock the trucks had been loaded. 5. Our daughter is sent to rest in the south every year. 6. This film will be shown on TV. 7. A new concert hall is being built in our street. 8. Potatoes were bought yesterday. 9. The books will be brought tomorrow. 10. The clock is being repaired now. 11. Milk is sold in this shop. 12. The whole text has been translated.. 13. The window was broken last week. 14. When I came home, the sweets had been eaten. 15. The work will be done in the evening. 16. This book was written in the 19th century. 17. Tennis was being played.from four till five. 18. The number of important experiments K-we been made in this laboratory. 19. Central Africa was explored by Livingstone in the 19th century. 20. By the middle of autumn all the trees had been planted. 21. This play will be staged at the beginning of next season. 22. The story has been forgotten. 23. Have the rules of the game been explained to you? 24. My skates haven’t been brought back.

Exercise 9. Передайте следующие предложения в Active Voice. Введите любые подходящие подлежащие.

1. The room was cleaned and aired.
2. Have all these books been read?
3. Whom were these letters written by?
4. The letter has just been typed.
5. She showed me the picture which had been painted by her husband.
6. I shall not be allowed to go there.
7. He has been told everything, so he knows what to do now.
8. All the questions must be answered.
9. The door has been left open.
10. Betty was met atthe station.
11. The girl was not allowed to go to the concert.
12. She said that the new timetable had not yet been hung up on the notice board.
13. The roast chicken was eaten with appetite.
14. It was so dark, that the houses could not be seen.
15. The light has not yet been turned off.
16. The boy was punished for misbehaving.
17. By three o’clock everything had been prepared.
18. The dictation was written without mistakes.
19. Whom was the poem written by?
20. Her dress was washed and ironed.
21. I was not blamed for the mistakes.
22. The papers had been looked through and corrected by the next lesson.
23. This house was built last year.
24. The letter has just been sent.
25. This article will be translated at the lesson on Tuesday.
26. When will this book be returned to the library?

Answers: I. She cleaned and aired the room. 2. Have you read all these books? 3. Who wrote these letters? 4.The secretary has just typed the letter. 5. She showed me the picture which her husband had painted. 6. My parents will not allow me to go there. 7. We have told him everything so he knows what to do. 8. You must answer all the questions. 9. They have left the door open. 10. We met Betty at the station.
II. The girl’s mother did not allow her to go to the concert. 12. She said that they had not yet hung up the new timetable on the notice board. 13. We ate the chicken with appetite. 14. It was so dark that we could not see the houses. 15. They have not yet turned off the light. 16. She punished the boy for misbehaving. 17. By three o’clock we had prepared everything. 18. We wrote the dictation without mistakes. 19. Who wrote the poem? 20. She washed and ironed her dress. 21. They did not blame me for the mistakes. 22. The teacher had looked through and corrected the papers by the next lesson. 23.They built this house last year. 24. We have just sent the letter. 25. We shall translate this article at the lesson on Tuesday. 26. When will you return this book to the library?

Exercise 10. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.

1. Нам показали очень странную картину.
2. Тебя ищут. Иди домой.
3. Вас всех пригласят в зал и расскажут обо всех изменениях в школьной программе.
4. Почему над ним всегда смеются?
5. Нам всем дали билеты на выставку.
6. Лекции этого знаменитого профессора всегда слушают с большим вниманием.
7. Меня ждут?
8. Им задали три трудных вопроса.
9. За директором уже послали. Подождите немного.
10. Всех пригласили в большой зал.
11. Эти письма просмотрены. Их можно отправлять.
12. На станции их встретил гид и отвез в гостиницу.
13. Эти журналы должны быть возвращены в библиотеку на следующей неделе.
14. На наших занятиях много внимания уделяется произношению.
15. Иванову велели объяснить, почему он пропускает занятия.
16. Меня пригласят на ваш вечер?
17. Детей оставили дома одних.

Answers: 1. We were shown a very strange picture. 2. You are being looked for. Go home. 3. All of you will be gathered in the hall and told about all the changes in the school curriculum. 4. Why is he always laughed at? 5. All of us were given tickets to the exhibition. 6. The lectures of this famous professor are always listened to with great attention. 7. Am I being waited for? 8. They were asked three difficult questions. 9. The headmaster has already been sent for. Please wait a little. 10. Everybody was invited to a big hall. 11. These letters have been looked through. They can be sent. 12. At the station they were met by the guide and taken to the hotel. 13. These magazines must be returned to the library next week. 14. At our lessons much attention is paid to pronunciation. 15. Ivanov was told to explain why he missed classes. 16. Shall I be invited to your party? 17. The children were left alone at home.

WELL DONE!

Литература:

1. Павличенко О.М. Английский язык. Грамматический практикум. II уровень. - 2-е изд., испр. и доп. - X.: Ранок, 2012. - 304 с.
2. Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика: Сборник упражнений. - 5-е изд., - СПб: КАРО, 2005. - 544 с. - (Английский язык для школьников).

Упражнения на пассивный залог во времени Present Perfect.
Упражнение 1.
Read the texts and find the sentences with Present Perfect Active and Present Perfect Passive tense forms. Translate them into your language.
Nina has lived in Sydney for two years. She has done a lot of things in Sydney. She has seen several plays, she has gone to the picture galleries and museums. She has visited the circus as well, and she has taken a tour to the Islands on Port Jackson. However, there are a lot of planned things she hasn’t done yet. She hasn’t gone to the Australian Reptile Park yet. Nina hasn’t been to some other parks yet.
The boss is angry with his secretary today because important letters haven’t been typed yet. Tea has been given to him cold. Wrong telephone numbers have been written down. The mail hasn’t been sent in time. A lot of time has been spent over the telephone.
Упражнение 2. Change the sentences with Present Perfect Active into Present Perfect Passive.
Example: I have already finished my work. My work ... - My work has already been finished.
I have already taken the books back to the library. The books ...
She has just posted those letters. Those letters ...
The teacher has already checked my test. My test ...
He has lost the key. The key ...
We have opened all the windows. All the windows ...
I have bought bread on the way home. Bread ...
I have done this exercise. This exercise ...
Упражнение 3. Imagine that your classroom and the school yard have been thoroughly cleaned. Say what has been done by whom.
Example The windows ... (to wash) - The windows have been washed by the girls.
The desks ... (to wash)
The flowers ... (to water)
The floor ... (to mop)
The furniture ... (to dust)
The grass ... (to cut)
The trees ... (to cut)
Упражнение 4. Answer the questions about your English lesson using Present Perfect Passive.
Have you been asked to read a text?
Has the text been translated?
Have the new words been written down?
Have the exercises been done by all the pupils?
Has your friend been asked to recite something?
Has large homework been given?
Who has been given good (bad) marks?
Have you been praised by the teacher?
Упражнение 5. Use Present Perfect Active or Passive of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences.
Peter ... (to break) the window.
The exercise ... (to write) already.
The text ... (to translate) by Victor.
The teacher just ... (to explain) the new rule.
We (to learn) the Passive Voice already.
A new school ... (to build) in this street.
Упражнение 6. Translate into English using Present Perfect Active or Passive.
Я только что купил газету. 2. Телевизор только что выключили. 3. Он уже ответил на вопрос. 4. Слова только что написали на доске. 5. Мы уже говорили об этом. 6. Все ответы уже даны. 7. Об этом только что сказали по радио. 8.Я уже смотрел этот фильм 9.Мне ничего об этом не говорили. 10.Все предложения уже написаны.
Ответы:
Упражнение 1. All the sentences in text A are in Present Perfect Active. All the sentences in text B are in Present Perfect Passive.
Упражнение 2. The books have been already taken back to the library by me. Those letters have just been posted by her. My test has already been checked by the teacher. The key has been lost by him. All the windows have been opened by us. Bread has been bought by me on the way home. This exercise has been done by me.
Упражнение 3. The desks have been washed by the pupils. The flowers have been watered by Molly. The floor has been mopped by the cleaners. The furniture has been to dusted by the boys. The grass has been to cut by the caretaker. The trees have been cut by the workmen.
Упражнение 4. Your own answers. Упражнение 5. 1 has broken, 2 has been already written, 3 has been translated, 4 has just explained, 5 have learnt, 6 has been built
Упражнение 6. I have just bought the newspaper. The TV-set has just been switched off. Не has already answered this question. The words have just been written on the blackboard. We’ve already spoken about it. All the answers have already been given. This has been just said over the radio. I’ve already watched this film. I haven’t been told anything about it. All the sentences have already been written.