Pansies love shade or sun. Pansies: planting and care in the open field. Pansies planting

The gentle beauty viola, the cultivation of which is not particularly difficult even for a beginner grower, will decorate any corner of the garden. Pansies, this is the name common to this plant among the people, are grown not only in seedlings: some prefer to sow the seeds immediately into the ground.

In order for the plant to please with bright flowers of various shades of large size, you need to try to find a site with optimal conditions for the growth and development of the viola.

Viola

A small plant, growing to a maximum of 30 cm, has a bright single flower on a long stem. Flowers can be of various shades and shapes. The culture belongs to the violet family, among which it stands out for its decorative effect. Viola can be perennial or annual. Most often, she helps designers decorate borders or decorate low bushes. Low-growing varieties are used to decorate alpine slides.

This plant is unpretentious - even when transplanted during flowering in open ground, it easily adapts to new conditions. Viola flowering time depends on the planting period and on the variety. The sooner pansies are planted, the sooner they will delight with colorful flowers.

The culture grows well in open places in direct sunlight. However, it does not tolerate extreme heat. Therefore, when choosing a place, you should pay special attention to the fact that for some time the flower falls into the shade. Even in low light, the viola will grow well. However, her flowers will be smaller and not as bright as those that grow in the sun.

There are many varieties of viola. Among them, an ampelous one stands out, which in the process of development forms a ball strewn with a large number of flowers. It is most often planted in hanging pots. Ampel violet tolerates cold well and is very undemanding. Within half a month after sowing the seed material, it will be possible to admire its flowers. The ampel variety of the flower requires the same care as other varieties of this plant.

Viola cultivation

Planting a viola outdoors is not a particularly difficult task. It is important to consider a few points before planting this plant:

Soil: does not retain moisture, retains heat and contains nutrients - a good option would be to mix loamy soil with humus. For violets, before planting, it is necessary to prepare a soil substrate, consisting of turf, humus and peat, taken in equal amounts and sand, the amount of which is half the other components of the soil mixture.

Important: You should not choose a lowland for planting a viola: closely spaced groundwater will contribute to stagnation in the roots of the plant.

Planting time: selected taking into account climatic conditions in the middle or towards the end of spring.
Planting Location: Grows well in partial shade with plenty of ambient light.

Important: Ampel violet and other varieties of viola growing under the sun will give large and bright flowers, but they will wither faster than those that grow in partial shade.

Pansies are planted by the end of spring in the ground in several ways:

seeds

They can be sown directly into prepared soil at the rate of about fifty seeds per meter of furrow. You can sow in holes located at a distance of about 6 cm. At the same time, 3-4 seeds are laid out in each hole. The planting depth is about 0.6 cm. Before sowing, it is advisable to treat the seed material with a solution of "Zircon" or "Epin" for a day.

After sowing the seeds, the grooves or holes should be sprinkled with earth, lightly shed with water and sprinkled with sawdust to retain moisture in the soil. Viola, sown with seeds, will begin to bloom by the end of spring - the beginning of summer.

Tip: The sprouts that have appeared should be shaded for 2 to 3 weeks so that they are not exposed to direct exposure to hot sunlight. This will help save weak seedlings from burns and strengthen them.

seedlings

To obtain seedlings, seeds are sown similarly to the previous method. They are only grown indoors. At the same time, they are picked twice: a couple of days after germination and at two weeks of age at a distance of 6 cm from each other. Two-month-old sprouts are transplanted to a permanent place in open ground.

Important: The ampel variety of viola forms a large flowering ball as it develops, so it is often sown in hanging containers pre-filled with drained soil.

cuttings

The plant grows older every year, its flowers become smaller, there are fewer of them. To rejuvenate the bush, you need to use the method of cuttings. First you need to prepare a place where the cuttings will be planted - it should be shaded with a sufficient amount of moisture. On an adult bush, green apical shoots with several nodes are cut off (it is better if there are 2-3 of them). The petioles are planted tightly on the bed, deepening by about 0.5 cm. Then they are covered with wet material to speed up the adaptation process.

After that, care consists of daily watering and weeding. After about a month, all cuttings should already be rooted, then they can be planted on prepared beds. With a late procedure, flowers are transferred to a permanent place in the spring.

Tip: Rooted petioles begin to bloom in spring. You can achieve earlier flowering by cutting by the end of spring - the beginning of summer.

plant care

After planting the plants in the ground in a permanent place, it is necessary to create favorable conditions for their development. Despite the undemanding, the viola is still sensitive to some moments of cultivation. Viola care in the open field consists of the following steps:

Sun: Needed for abundant flowering. However, excess sunlight and high temperatures lead to the drying of the plant, therefore, if a hot summer is likely, it is better to choose shaded places for planting. When forecasting a cool season, it is better to choose open areas so that the plant receives maximum light and heat.
Watering: Daily, as pansies do not respond well to dry weather. They also do not like a lot of moisture, so you need to water sparingly.

Important: High humidity is a factor in the decay and decay of the plant, which can lead to its death.

Top dressing: in order to prolong the flowering period of the crop, it is necessary to produce them regularly. It is advisable to apply complex mineral fertilizers in open ground 1-2 times a month, depending on the condition of the soil. For feeding, you can use ammonium nitrate or superphosphate, which are taken in the amount of 30 g per 1 m 2. The flower does not like organic fertilizers, especially you should not make fresh manure.
Weeding: regular removal of weeds that prevent flowers from growing and developing, depriving them of nutrients, sunlight, moisture.

Tip: To prolong the flowering time of the viola, you need to regularly remove wilted flowers.

Loosening: a regular procedure allows air to penetrate to the roots.
Pest protection: for this, the plant is treated with the necessary means. Powdery mildew most often affects the plant if the sprouts were abundantly fed with nitrogen preparations or there was a drought. For the treatment of pansies, they are treated with a soapy solution of soda ash or Fundazol. "Fundazol" is also used for irrigation when infected with gray rot or black leg, which infect sprouts when the agrotechnical conditions for growing a plant are violated.
Preparation for wintering perennial varieties: shelter, fallen leaves, spruce branches, which will need to be removed in early spring.

Viola, planting and caring for which was correct, will delight the grower for a long time with bright and lush flowers. Ampel violet will look beautiful in hanging containers. At the same time, it requires the same conditions as other varieties of this plant.

It is better to transplant in shaded soil, where there is a large amount of diffused light. At the same time, it is important that the soil is well-drained, able to pass water well. It is also necessary to regularly water the flowers, which during the drought simply stop growing and blooming. When collecting seeds, you need to cut off the yellowed boxes in order to have time to collect them before the seeds wake up on the ground.

Pansies are one of the first flowers to appear in a country flower bed. Already in spring, delicate bright flowers delight the gardener's eye with a riotous variety of colors: from pure white to deep black with various shades of red, yellow and blue. In the center of pansies there is always an unusual spot of a unique shape and color.

Since ancient times, various myths and legends have been associated with pansies. This flower is considered a symbol of love, fidelity and renewal of nature. However, gardeners love pansies not for beautiful stories, but for an unusual combination of colors and unpretentiousness. However, even such an undemanding flower has its own characteristics and secrets of cultivation.

First, let's figure out what we will grow: garden pansies, Wittrock's viola or garden violets?

Choose between Viola and Violet to suit your needs

The affectionate name of the pansy belongs to the viola flower or, as it is also called, the tricolor violet, a herbaceous perennial plant from the violet family. There are 300 different varieties of garden violets, grouped into 15 groups.

Groups differ in color and size of the flower, flowering time, height of the bush and other characteristics. Such a variety of varieties will allow even the most demanding and sophisticated gardeners to choose the right type for planting!

The choice of variety depends not only on your color preferences, but also on the region in which you plan to grow and care for the viola. In areas with a warm climate, violets can begin to bloom as early as early April, for cold regions this period is shifted to early summer.

Most pansies are heat-loving plants that love diffused sunlight, so if you live in cooler regions, be careful when choosing a variety.

There are two most famous varieties of Viola:

- an annual or biennial plant with small flowers. Tricolor violet reaches a height of 30 - 45 cm. This type of plant spreads well by self-sowing. Due to its well-known proven medicinal properties, this tricolor violet often finds its use in traditional medicine.
Violet Wittrock is a perennial herbaceous plant. It is this variety that can often be found not only in garden beds, but also on summer balconies in flower pots and planters. Wittrock violet flowers can grow up to 10 cm, the height of this plant is 40 cm.

Flowers can be smooth or corrugated at the edges, plain or mix a variety of colors. Wittrock's violet has many varieties, among the most popular are Alpensee with large flowers of deep purple color, Bambini with small yellow flowers separated by dark stripes similar to cilia, snow-white PureWhite, orange SkylineOrange and many others.

Preparing seeds for planting

Once you have chosen the variety that suits you, you need to think about planting. Pansies are planted in a flower bed with seeds or seedlings. If you want to see bright flowers in a flower bed early in the first year of planting, then grow a viola using seedlings. In the second year, planting seeds in the ground in June of the previous year will help to achieve early flowering.

In the first year, the viola is usually planted in early to mid-May. To do this, make small holes no deeper than 1 cm, at a distance of 5-7 cm, put 2-3 seeds in each. After that, lightly sprinkle the seeds of the pansies with earth, be sure to water, and mulch the surface on top to retain moisture.

You will see the first flowers 20 days after planting, that is, at the beginning of summer. If you choose to grow viola seedlings, you will be able to see the first flowers earlier.

Growing seedlings without mistakes

Novice gardeners are sometimes afraid to grow pansies on their own at home and buy ready-made seedlings in the store. You should not buy unknown expensive seedlings when you can grow your own without any problems. This should be done at the beginning of February.

For this you will need:

Prepare seedling containers with a fertile moist substrate that should be half soddy or leafy soil and half rotted compost.
Before planting pansies, it is imperative to disinfect the ground, for example, with a fungicide.
After the earth dries, make shallow grooves in it, put the seeds there and sprinkle with soil. Place containers with seedlings in a dark but warm place.
The first shoots can be seen in a couple of weeks. When they appear, you need to expose the pansies to the warm sun. In this place, the air temperature should not be colder than 10 degrees.
When more than two leaves appear on the plant, you need to transplant the plants into separate containers. After that, you can briefly expose and harden pansies on the balcony.
Once a week, feed the plant with any flower fertilizer, but it is better to choose one that is suitable for violets.
In early May, seedlings can be planted in a flower bed.

When growing seedlings indoors, pick pansies twice. The first time it is better to do this when more than two leaves appear on the plant about 14 days after planting.

After that, it is better to seat the viola in individual containers. The second time the seedlings dive in two weeks - 20 days according to the scheme 6 by 6 cm.

Planting and care in the ground in the country and at home

Planting seeds of pansies in open ground, we described above. Seedlings of pansies are planted in a flower bed at a distance of 20-30 cm. This distance is enough for the full growth and development of plants.

Violets grow well on soil, which consists of soddy soil, manure, peat and sand in a proportion where the sand will be half as much as the other components.

Pansies are a very unpretentious plant, but they also require care. It is necessary to systematically loosen the soil, remove wilted flowers, fertilize the plant with mineral fertilizers and water frequently.

But for starters, it is important to choose the right place for the plant on the site. Viola may die under the bright scorching rays of the sun, but in the shade its flowers will be small and faded, so choose a place with diffused light.

Leaving the viola in the garden for the winter, do not forget to cover the plant with spruce branches, and open it in the spring to avoid dampening.

The same rules for plant care will apply if you decide to grow a viola on a balcony at home. If you have a southern balcony, then in order to avoid fading flowers in the bright sun, try to slightly shade the place where the container with pansies will be located.

Pansies, pansies, violas, violets These names refer to the same plant. There are several types of these flowers. On our beds, as a weed, field violet (Viola arvensis) with white, very small flowers is found. There is also a tricolor violet (Viola tricolor), Ivan da Marya. The fragrant violet (Viola odorata) with purple flowers is also known.

Violet tricolor better known as pansies. Garden form with large flowers - the result of a long selection and complex hybridization. Botanists consider it as a separate species - Wittrock's violet. A field violet and a tricolor violet with small flowers have settled in my garden on their own. Violet Wittrock I am breeding myself.

fragrant violet brought from Western Europe, where it has been known since time immemorial as an ornamental and medicinal plant. Numerous cultivars of fragrant violet occupy an important place in ornamental horticulture. They were famous for their aroma and size of violets, which were grown in the city of Parma in northern Italy. A particularly fragrant variety is called - parma violets. Garden forms with white, blue and pink flowers have been bred. In addition to their strong aroma, these violets differ from other forms in that they have an extended flowering period: from early spring to late autumn.

I have not met a single grower who would be indifferent to these flowers. Pansies It's a firework of colors. Flowers like huge multi-colored butterflies fluttered and froze. I am delighted with these flowers.

This is how my violets bloom.

Landing and care.

Among the early and beautifully flowering plants, pansies are the most common in floriculture. Depending on the methods of cultivation, they can be annual, biennial and perennial. The most common growing method is biennial. The timing of planting these flowers depends on when you want them to bloom. If you want violets to bloom in the first year of planting, you need to sow seeds for seedlings in February-March. If sown at the end of June at the beginning of July, the plant will bloom the next year in early spring. I sowed seedlings in early March and they bloomed in early July and bloomed until frost.

The fruit of the violet is a box that opens with three slices on which the seeds “sit”. When dried, the shells of the box fold along the midrib. In this case, the seeds are thrown out of the box with force and scatter to a distance of up to 2m. Therefore, if you collect violet seeds, they should be dried in a closed bag or covered with paper. Collect boxes in wet weather. Ripe are those (still closed) boxes in which the edges of the valves have turned pale and dried up. The seeds in them are already painted in a light beige color. When dried, such boxes crack, throwing out ripe seeds.

The best shoots are obtained by sowing freshly harvested seeds. They are sown without embedding or lightly sprinkled with earth. At the same time, some seeds will sprout, young plants will winter under the snow, the rest of the seeds will sprout in spring and bloom in July-August. If the seedlings are too thick, extra plants can be dug up and transplanted. violets can be transplanted and blooming, they tolerate such a transplant well.

Violets give good self-sowing, so they can be sown once and every season they have already ascended to be transplanted to a permanent place. But there are observations: when self-sowing, violets “shrink” and pollinate.

Violets are unpretentious flowers, but there are some features of growing these flowers. These are cold-resistant flowers, but sometimes they can freeze or rot. Most often this happens in cases where the flowers are planted in damp places or the sowing dates are violated. An unsuccessful sowing time is the end of May, the beginning of June and the end of summer. Pansies can die in a snowy and harsh winter. Spring with thaws during the day and night frosts also has a detrimental effect on the growth of flowers. Therefore, in the fall, in the place where the flowers are planted, as a snow retention, you can make a shelter with pine spruce branches or put cut sprigs of raspberries at the planting site.

Viola loves sunny places, but the best sun for her is east and west. These are my observations. I have it growing in the place where the shadow from the house falls in the middle of the day. It turns out that the sun for my violet is morning and after 15.00. And my violets bloomed very abundantly and until frost. These flowers do not like very bright sun and drought. The earth should be loose, fertile and slightly moist.

The use of the viola.

The flowers, leaves and roots of various varieties of viola are used for medicinal purposes. In medicine, tricolor violet preparations are used as an expectorant for bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, improves sputum production when coughing, has good diuretic and blood-purifying properties. The plant has a beneficial effect on skin diseases - eczema, boils, wounds and ulcers, dermatitis, scaly lichen. This plant is used for rheumatism, gout, lack of vitamins in the body.

Grass violets tricolor is harvested during flowering, cutting branches at a distance of 1/3 of their length from the stem, leaving several leaves on the branches. After that, violets can be fed and they will grow back and bloom. Dry in the shade, tied in bunches or laid out in a thin layer.

The rhizomes of fragrant violets are collected after the end of flowering and fruiting - in September or October, they are washed and dried at temperatures up to 40 ° C. The leaves of this violet are harvested all summer, cut off without petioles and dried in the same way. Fresh flowers are harvested in the morning after the dew has dried. Do not wash them before preparing the syrup. You can also collect them along with the leaves.

Store dried raw materials in dark glass jars or paper bags. Shelf life 1.5 years.

Viola odorata, or fragrant violet, is used as a raw material for the production of perfumes. In France, this violet is candied in a special way and used as decorations or included in aromatic desserts. They make violet syrup, which is used in baking buns or in the manufacture of marshmallows.

Violet can be planted as a border or in small curtains on lawns. She is good in balcony boxes. These flowers are used as a pot culture for winter forcing.

If you need to create a shade flower garden, first of all determine how many hours it is illuminated by the sun: the range of plants for partial shade is much wider than for shade.

It is also very important to determine the soil moisture: for a dry shade, the assortment of plants is different than for a moist shady place. There are many shady perennials, there are those who even like to grow in such places - these are hostas, ferns, Rogers, Arizema, Goryanka, sedges, hellebore, crows, martagon lilies ...

This list can be continued for a long time.

When sunlight is in short supply, the rest of the conditions for plant growth should be as favorable as possible: it is important to carefully and create the best soil and hydrological conditions for perennials, for which you should carefully cultivate the soil, that is, add fertile soil and close it shallowly at some distance from the trees and shrubs. Apply mineral fertilizers carefully, it is better to add rotted manure or compost. It is good to add humus, compost or clay fertile soil to sandy soils, and sand and peat to heavy clay.

In the conditions of shade, some conifers safely exist - thuevik and dwarf Canadian hemlock, some junipers, fir and Christmas trees. The assortment of deciduous shrubs is extensive, these are deren, elderberry, mock orange, hawthorn and a number of others.

In partial shade, it is quite possible to create an elegantly flowering composition. The tallest plant here is the variable mountaineer, a large perennial, whose luxurious “bush” grows up to a height of 2 m. Its huge paniculate inflorescences look like white clouds. It blooms from late June to mid-August, panicles are decorative even after flowering. To the right of it is another tall perennial veronicastrum variety Fascination with lilac-blue inflorescences, blooming simultaneously with the knotweed. In front of the mountaineer - Superbac astilbe with dense large inflorescences, blooming in July. Blush loosestrife variety is a tall "bush" with pale pink inflorescences. All of these plants grow well in partial shade, but will also grow well in the sun. But the blue hostas holding the edge of the composition would look ugly in the sun, bright sunlight would break the blue wax coating on their leaves. This will not harm the host, but the plant will look unpresentable.

Scheme of a shady flower garden 4 x 3 m

host (Hosta), grade Color Glory;
loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), cultivar Blush;
Veronicastrum virginica (Veronicastrum virginica), cultivar Fascination
changeable mountaineer (Polygonum polymorpha);
Chinese astilbe (Astilbe chinensis), Superba variety

Growing features

Spring. To get a spring effect, spring bulbs should be planted between perennial curtains, as well. You can use daffodils, scillas, galanthus and white flowers, pushkinia, etc. In the spring, you need to check and, if necessary, update the layer of decorative mulch from ground pine or larch bark. It not only decorates and, as it were, completes the composition, but also gradually improves the soil under the plants, making the conditions for their growth more comfortable.
Summer. The largest perennial in this composition is the mountaineer changeable. It is interesting from the moment it emerges from the ground, it is especially decorative from the end of June - the beginning of July during flowering, which lasts until mid-August. Huge fragrant paniculate inflorescences of small white flowers look like white clouds, after flowering its fluffy panicles are still decorative. This highlander is unpretentious, hibernates without shelter, grows well on any soil. Veronicastrum, loosestrife and high astilbe Superba also bloom in mid-summer. All of them grow well in the sun, no less they like to grow in partial shade. These perennials are quite decorative even after flowering. Hosta leaves are beautiful. No special care of the composition is required.
Autumn. We remove the stems and leaves of perennials after frost. If you want to make the composition even more blooming, it is quite possible to plant a host and astilbe lilies behind the curtains in the fall; martagon lilies, as well as unpretentious Asian hybrids, will grow well in partial shade.
Winter. This composition has no decorative effect in winter.

Height 60 cm

Chartreuse leaves in spring, yellow in summer, wide blue-green border

The flowers are white, flowering period July-August

Veronicastrum virgin (Veronicastrum virginica), grade Fascination

Height 1.5 m

Pale lilac vertical inflorescences

Decorative all season, blooms in July-August

Height 1.2 m. Small pale pink flowers are collected in dense candle-shaped ears

Blooms in June-August, decorative before and after flowering

Variable knotweed (Polygonum polymorpha)

Height up to 2 m

Large white paniculate inflorescences

Blooms from late June to mid-August, ornamental before and after flowering

Astilbe Chinese (Astilbe chinensis), grade Superba

Height 1 m

Dense large pink-purple inflorescences, shiny carved leaves.

Blooms from late August to September for a month

Flower garden in the shade against the background of the fence

The background for the composition is a dark gray-blue fence. A tall mock orange is planted near it, pink foxgloves bloom against its background. Digitalis is most commonly grown as a biennial plant. Its height reaches 1.5 m. Pink large flowers are collected in a one-sided, racemose inflorescence up to 80 cm long. Flowering time - June-July.

Perennial lupine blooms in June with pale yellow flowers in long racemes, its palmate leaves on long petioles are interesting. Faded lupins look unattractive, they are best planted in small groups in the depths of the flower bed behind perennials that cover them.

The front edge of the composition is held by a cuff and bergenia. Rounded pubescent ornamental cuff leaves look great next to large, dark green, shiny, leathery bergenia leaves. The cuff blooms from June to August with small greenish-yellow flowers in loose inflorescences. The low variegated daylily of the Golden Zebra variety with narrow curving striped yellow-green leaves illuminates the shady place, its small yellow flowers are uninteresting, it is better to remove them.

Planting scheme for a shady flower garden

digitalis purple (Digitalis purpurea);
crown mock orange (Philadelphus coronarius), grade Aurea;
soft cuff (Alchemilla mollis);
variegated day lily (Hemerocallis), Golden Zebra variety;
multi-leaved lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus)

Mock oranges prefer a sunny location, but grow well and bloom in partial shade, the expressive Aurea variety retains its golden color in the shade. Each variety of mock orange blooms for 2-3 weeks, you can pick them up according to the timing of flowering so that varieties and species will decorate the garden with snow-white or cream flowers for two months from June to July. Vigorous sprawling bushes look chic: graceful mock oranges of the Lemoine selection are good for a mixborder. The main advantage of the mock orange is the aroma, some of its species are extremely fragrant, many gardeners prefer mock oranges with a strawberry smell, but there are mock oranges without any smell at all.

Growing features

Spring. Badan blooms beautifully in May. Digitalis purpurea thrives well in full sun, although it grows well and blooms in partial shade, it is a perennial, most often grown as a biennial. It is propagated by seeds, which are sown in the last decade of April and early May directly into the ground, slightly sprinkling them with earth. It is desirable to cover the crops with lutrasil. If the seedlings are too frequent, they are thinned out. At first, the seedlings develop extremely slowly, after 1-1.5 months they need to be picked at a distance of 5 cm from each other. Plants are planted in place at the end of May according to the scheme 10 × 15-25 cm.

Particular attention should be paid to the correct formative pruning of the mock orange, which will give the bush a neat symmetrical shape. In early spring, the strongest branches are slightly pruned, over the summer they form shoots of moderate growth. Weak branches are pruned strongly, stimulating the active growth of annual shoots. This way we will balance the shape of the bush. Every 2-3 years, you need to remove old shoots older than 10-12 years, this will make flowering more abundant.

Summer. Mock orange, foxglove and multi-leaf lupine bloom luxuriantly. To prolong the flowering of lupine, its dried inflorescences are cut off before the formation of seeds, then the plant grows new shoots and inflorescences are formed that bloom in August. Small greenish-yellow cuff flowers appear throughout the summer, its leaves are constantly decorative. Shiny leathery leaves of bergenia look great. The narrow curving striped leaves of the Golden Zebra daylily are decorative.
Autumn. The second peak of decorativeness of badans is autumn. With the first night frosts, the color of its leaves changes, becoming even more spectacular.
Winter. In winter, the composition is of no interest.

Bergenia cordifolia, cultivar Purpurea

Height up to 50 cm.

Leathery shiny leaves turn purple in August, red-purple flowers.

Decorative all season, blooms for a month and a half in May-June

Soft cuff (Alhemilla mollis)

Height 30-40 cm

Rounded pubescent leaves, small greenish-yellow flowers in loose inflorescences

Decorative all season, blooms from June to August

Purple foxglove (Digitalis purpurea)

Height 1.5 m

Pink large flowers are collected in a one-sided, racemose inflorescence up to 80 cm long

Blooms in June-July

Crown mock orange (Philadelphus coronarius), grade Aurea

Height 2 m

Golden color of the leaves, large fragrant white flowers.

Decorative all season, especially good during flowering

Variegated daylily (Hemerocallis), Golden Zebra variety

Height 40-50 cm

Narrow curving striped yellow-green leaves

Ornamental leafy plant, beautiful all season, small yellow flowers uninteresting

Multi-leaved lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus)

Height 60 cm

Pale yellow flowers in long racemes, interesting palmate leaves on long petioles

Blooms in June

All viburnum grow well and bloom in partial shade. The most famous variety of common viburnum is Buldenezh (Boute de NeigeSterile, Roseum), the main decoration of which is large spherical white inflorescences of sterile flowers. The purple willow tolerates partial shade well, here the Pendula variety grafted onto a one and a half meter stem with a rounded dense crown and long thin branches with narrow leaves, dark green above and bluish below, is planted here.

Wormwood milky-flowered with dark green glossy leaves on purple stems and small white flowers collected in dense racemose inflorescences, unlike other types of wormwood, tolerates partial shade well and blooms in August.

Very late, in September, tall Canadian chamomile, or autumn chrysanthemum, blooms, loving slightly shaded places, its white inflorescences with greenish-yellow centers are collected in umbrellas. The Rocket hybrid buzulnik is a monumental plant. Its dense heart-shaped leaves with coarsely serrated edges are good, turning purple-crimson in autumn. In July, large yellow flowers bloom on straight dark peduncles up to 1.5-2 m tall.

Flower garden scheme 7 x 2 m

common viburnum (Viburnum opulus), variety "Buldenezh";
purple willow on trunk (Salix purpurea), cultivar Pendula;
blue sesleria (Sesleria caerulea) (in the trunk circle under the willow);
Hasmanthium broadleaf (Chasmanthium tatifolium);
Wormwood lactiflora (Artemisia lactiflora);
autumn chrysanthemum, or Canadian chamomile (Chrysanthemum serotinum);
buzulnik hybrid (Ligularia przewalskii xLigularia stenocephala), The Rocket variety;
Brown's multi-row (Polystichum braunii)

There are plants that tolerate penumbra, two such grasses grow here: Hasmantium and Sesleria. And there are plants that prefer shade and partial shade, a typical example is Brown's multi-row, a magnificent meter-high rhizomatous fern, its hard fronds (leaves) form an almost regular funnel, they lie down by winter, but do not die off. These ferns can live without a transplant for more than 20 years, they do not creep. In September, their leaves turn orange.

Growing features

Spring. In early May, Brown's multi-row fern is unusually good, when its petioles cover orange hairs, as if covering newborn "snails". If you want to divide it, do it in early May by carefully separating the side shoots from the rhizome. When the buds swell, we spray viburnum against leaf-eating insects with solutions of any insecticides. If necessary, update the layer of mulch.
Summer. In June, the viburnum "Buldenezh" blooms magnificently, the leaves are not visible behind the spherical white inflorescences. The purple willow on the trunk is decorative all season, in the near-trunk circle under it a low blue sesleria is planted. Willow purple needs shaping pruning several times during the summer. In July, it blooms with large yellow flowers on tall dark peduncles of The Rocket buzulnik. In the middle of summer, spikelets appear in Hasmanthium, at first they are green, then they become bronze-red, as they age, they become salmon-yellow in color. Flat, hanging spikelets are held on thin stems that rise above the leaves; to the Japanese, they resemble goldfish on a fishing rod. In August, the lactic-flowered wormwood blooms.
Autumn. Buzulnik leaves are painted in elegant purple-crimson tones. In September, fern leaves turn orange, tall Canadian chamomile blooms. We cut off all perennials, except for ferns.
Winter. The magnificent spikelets of Hasmanthium are still preserved at the beginning of winter, they are especially spectacular when they are covered with hoarfrost. Viburnum and willow on the trunk are expressive and in a leafless state.

Viburnum ordinary (Viburnum opulus), variety "Buldenezh"

Height 2-3 m

Large globular white inflorescences of sterile flowers

Decorative throughout the season

Artemisia lactiflora (Artemisia lactiflora)

Height 1.5 m. Dark green glossy leaves on purple stems, small white flowers in dense inflorescences.

Decorative all season

Purple willow (Salix purpurea), cultivar Pendula

Height 2.5 m. On a trunk 1.5 m high, the Pendula variety with a rounded dense crown and long thin branches with narrow leaves, dark green above and bluish below, is grafted. Decorative throughout the year

Sesleria blue (Sesleria caerulea)

Height 20-30 cm

Tuss of gray-blue leaves

Blooms in May-June, decorative all season

Hasmanthium broadleaf (Chasmanthium tatifolium)

Height up to 1.2 m

The spikelets are green when they open, then bronze-red, then salmon-yellow. Decorative all season, blooms in mid-summer

Chrysanthemum autumn (Chrysanthemum serotinum)

Height 160-180 cm White inflorescences with greenish-yellow centers, collected in umbrellas. Blooms in September

Buzulnik hybrid (Ligularia przewalskii x Ligularia stenocephala), The Rocket variety

Height with peduncles up to 1.5-2 m

Dense heart-shaped leaves with coarsely serrated edges, turn purple-crimson in autumn, large yellow flowers on straight dark peduncles

Decorative all season, blooms in July

Brown's multi-row (Polystichum braunii)

Height 1 m.

Rigid fronds form a funnel, by winter they lie down, but do not die off, in September the leaves turn orange.

Decorative all season

Flower garden in the shade on the north side of the house

Little sun falls on this shady flower garden, since it is located on the north side of the house. There is a little eastern sun and a little western sun here, nevertheless it turned out to be quite expressive. Carefully selected plants feel comfortable here, and some even bloom profusely.

The leaves of the host delight with a variety of colors and textures. There are many yellow-leaved and yellow-variegated cultivars that create a sunny mood in a shady flower garden.

Feel great in the shade of two unevenly tall spherical thuja, astilba with pale pink inflorescences and bergenia. The graceful dwarf form of black spruce with a rounded crown loves shade, its needles have a bluish-green color.

The Osiris Cafe Noir dwarf buzulnik is beautiful with unusually shaped chocolate leaves. In July-August, golden-yellow flowers appear on purple-red peduncles.

Scheme of a flower garden in the shade 8 x 3.5 m

host (Hosta), grade Green Marmalade;
host (Hosta), grade Pauls Glory;
host (Hosta), grade War Paint;
western thuja (Thuja occidentalis), cultivar Selena;
thuja western (Thuja occidentalis), grade Globosa;
toothed buzulnik (Ligularia dentata), variety Osiris Cafe Noir;
host (Hosta), grade Sum of All;
astilbe (Astilbe);
host (Hosta), grade Frisian Pride;
Bergenia cordifolia, cultivar Purpurea;
black spruce (Picea mariana), grade Nana;
lemon yellow day lily (Hemerocallis citrine)

Daylily lemon yellow, or citrine, is one of the most original and beautiful daylilies. A good dense shrub 80-90 cm high with dark green leaves hanging in a cascade. Beautiful large graceful fragrant lemon-yellow flowers, collected in inflorescences, towering above the leaves. It blooms profusely from the second half of July for a month and a half. When choosing daylilies for a composition, try not to pay attention to the novelty of the variety, not to the huge size of the flower or its unusualness, the harmonious appearance of the plant and the abundance of flowering are much more important.

Growing features

Spring. For a comfortable plant life, it is advisable to never leave the soil surface bare, it should be covered with plants or mulch. Mulch not only retains moisture in the soil and protects it from the drying effect of wind and sun, but also suppresses weeds, enriches the soil with organic matter, and protects plants from freezing in winter. In order for it to fulfill its purpose, its layer must be at least 5-8 cm thick. Under the mulch layer, excellent conditions are created for the nutrition and reproduction of earthworms and other beneficial soil organisms. Mulch should not come into contact with the stems of plants, it should be placed around them no closer than 10-15 cm.

In decorative compositions, mulch should also be decorative. This is not a garden, so mulching with straw, freshly cut grass, weeds can only be done in the depths of the compositions, invisible to the viewer. Decorative mulch from ground bark and wood chips, fallen cones and needles, peat, compost and rotted manure, gravel and small stones, pine nut and cocoa bean husks. The soil is usually mulched in May, it should be added every spring if necessary. Badan blossoms in May.

Summer. This composition is decorative throughout the season: beautiful hosts, two globular arborvitae, dwarf spruce, astilbe and bergenia. The leaves of the dwarf buzulnik are beautiful, in July-August bright golden-yellow flowers appear on purple-red peduncles. Astilba and daylily bloom profusely from the second half of July for a month and a half.
Autumn. Coniferous and evergreen bergenia continue to be decorative. Cut off perennials after frost.
Winter. In winter, globular thujas are still beautiful, but by the middle of winter they, as a rule, are completely hidden under the snow.

(violet garden) - a plant that is worth getting acquainted with novice amateur gardeners. Viola flowers look like bright summer butterflies, with wings of red, blue, yellow, white, black shades. Some varieties planted in groups resemble funny faces from afar. If you look at such a flower close up, you can clearly see in its center a bright yellow eye, framed by strokes-cilia. For this similarity among the people, some violas (or, to be more precise, tricolor violets and Wittrock violas) are called pansies.

To get started, to grow such a miracle on the balcony or in the garden, you need to purchase seedlings or on your own. And then, in order for the viola to bloom and delight you all summer and autumn, learn how to properly care for it. All the nuances about growing viola on the balcony and in the garden, read on.

If you want to know how to grow a viola, then pay attention to its character.

Pansies - a trouble-free plant that blooms profusely on balconies and flower beds

Viola is not capricious, but you also need to be able to find an approach to her. Viola care involves the following factors:

1. Lighting and temperature

Abundant flowering of the viola is possible only with good lighting. It is positively related to diffused sunlight and direct rays. But! There must be a measure in everything. If the summer in your area is hot, then the viola will burn out in the midday sun. The viola treats the spring midday rays favorably, and the summer ones are too hot for her. Therefore, if a hot summer is predicted, do not plant the viola in open sunny areas. South balconies are also not suitable. Rather, the viola will grow and even bloom, but only before the onset of heat, on average - until July. Later, you will have to get rid of the bushes, as their decorative effect will disappear (there will be no flowering, the leaves will turn yellow and dry).

The best place for pansies is sunny areas, but with shading in the midday hours. Morning or evening direct sunlight will only benefit the viola. That is, ideally, violas need partial shade, with a lot of diffused light. In this case, the leaves remain juicy, green until autumn, do not fade. Flowers do not shrink (this often happens when growing viola in the shade, without direct sunlight). You will get a win-win result of growing by planting a viola in the openwork shade of a young tree. Or near any screen (fence, bush, flower planting) that casts a shadow on the viola at noon. Western and eastern balconies are also suitable.

Viola grown in partial shade

Viola develops well in the cool. Ideal temperatures for her are 10-25°C. It withstands, without loss of decorativeness, and short-term cold up to 3-5 ° C. But the heat affects the viola badly, so often in hot summers (especially when grown in sunny areas) there is a break in flowering. The second wave of flowering in this case is possible, but only in autumn.

2. Watering

Viola does not tolerate prolonged drying. Therefore, you need to water it often, without waiting until the ground near the roots turns into stone. But swamps should not be planted either! Viola is very demanding on the amount of moisture consumed. With its excess, the roots of the plant begin to rot and rot, the viola dies.

3. Top dressing

In order for the viola to bloom all summer, it needs regular top dressing. When growing viola on a balcony, that is, in closed ground, it is necessary to fertilize the soil every week. If the flowers grow in open ground (on the site), the frequency of fertilization can be reduced to 1 time in 3-4 weeks.

Viola at home develops best on open sunny balconies. Worse - on glazed balconies and loggias. Some flower growers manage to grow violas even on windowsills, but in this case it is necessary that the window be constantly open. The presence of a large amount of light and fresh air is a mandatory component for growing any garden plant.

Viola develops well indoors in the presence of fresh air and plenty of light.

Viola planting at home is carried out in flower pots, balcony boxes. Ampel forms - in hanging baskets, planters, tall flowerpots on a leg. Any container chosen must have drainage holes.

Ampel varieties of viola look spectacular in hanging baskets

Since the roots of violas are prone to rotting, when planting, special attention should be paid to a good drainage layer. To do this, a layer of drainage material (expanded clay, brick shards, polystyrene) is poured at the bottom of the selected container at least 2-3 cm thick. Soil is poured on top - it must be loose, moisture and breathable.

Keep a distance of 10-15 cm between the violas, otherwise strong specimens will oppress the weak ones and force them out of the composition

Seedlings of violas are planted at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other, while at least 1-2 liters of soil must be allocated for each specimen of the plant.

When growing violas in closed ground, you need to monitor the regularity of watering. On hot summer days, watering should be done 2 times a day - in the morning and in the evening.

The first dressing is applied 2 weeks after transplanting into the ground. Further, it is necessary to fertilize the violas at home every week. Any mineral complex fertilizers for flowering are suitable for fertilizer.

During hot days, a viola in a pot may lose its decorative appearance. Most often, the stems turn yellow and dry, the bush falls apart, flowering becomes less abundant, the flowers fade and decrease in size. Then the viol must be cut. Usually it is shortened by half the length of the stems. But if the bush has already lost any decorative value, pruning can be done drastically, leaving 5-6 cm from the branches (there must be leaves on them!). Already after 2-2.5 weeks, the viol bush will overgrow with young shoots and bloom.

Viola pruning and subsequent flowering: before and after photos

Pansies: outdoor care

In the garden, viola seedlings are planted in late spring, when the threat of night frost has passed. Although viola is a hardy plant, its seedlings are too tender. Especially the one grown at home. Therefore, it is better not to take risks and time the planting of seedlings for warm and sunny spring days.

The distance between the viola bushes is 10-15 cm. It is useful to throw a handful of baking powder (vermiculite, perlite, sand) into each hole dug under the plant, especially if the ground in the area is dense.

Top dressing for violas growing in the garden can be applied 1 time in 1-4 weeks. On some soils, flowers require fertilization every week, on others - once a month. It depends on the initial fertility of the soil.

Viola outdoors

Viola in winter: a few nuances about wintering viola

In winter, it is advisable to cover the violas growing in the garden with spruce branches or dry leaves, and open them in early spring so that there is no dampening. The flowering of plants of the second year of life begins in April, at the same time as crocuses.

Violas grown indoors winter differently. Usually their life cycle ends in autumn, with the onset of frost. However, if there is a desire to save the plant for the next year, then why not? You can do one of two options:

Option number 1. Violas are dug out of pots, planted in the ground in August-September. Before frost, the plant will have time to take root and acclimatize. 2-3 weeks before the expected frost, it is advisable not to let such violas bloom so as not to weaken them. For the winter, plants should be covered with spruce branches or leaves.

Option number 2. Bring the viola pot into a cool, bright room. For example, on a warmed balcony or veranda. The optimum wintering temperature is 5-15°C. In the spring, the preserved uterine bushes are cut and new young plants are grown.