Having your own country house, you need to take care of heating the rooms in the cold season. A stove or other heating system needs a chimney. The smoke exhaust pipe is the main element of the heat supply communications. For its effective functioning, it is necessary to insulate the chimney from the outside.
The relevance of thermal insulation
Moisture and smoke generated during fuel combustion are aggressive factors affecting a brick chimney. The temperature difference in the cold season and the accumulated moisture deposited on the walls fills microcracks with water, and the stone structure is destroyed from the inside. Small ice crystals crush from the inside and destroy it. An insulated chimney allows you to eliminate this.
In the process of combustion, condensate is formed on the surface of the gas duct, which contains a chemical series of oxides. Interacting, the elements form weak acids (carbonic, sulfuric, etc.) that can destroy the metal surface. It is for this reason that chimney insulation is necessary.
Correct implementation of the installation of thermal insulation allows you to prevent a fire inside the premises and will not allow the roof overlap to ignite. Well-heated chimney pipes improve traction in the fireplace, boiler and stove, there is less tar and burning residue in it. The efficiency of the heating unit is significantly increased.
Positive factors of insulated chimney
Before answering the question - how to insulate a pipe, it is necessary to highlight the advantages of an insulated chimney.
The insulated gas outlet protects the heating system from the effects of the external environment and combustion products. Of course, thermal insulation cannot completely protect the structure from destruction, but it will extend its service life. This is due to the following factors:
- Pipe insulation allows maintaining the thermal balance in the middle of the structure, excluding the possibility of aggressive acids and condensate falling onto the walls. The combustion products are completely volatilized together with the smoke stream.
- Chimney insulation minimizes the possibility of temperature differences between the cooled flue duct and hot steam.
- Energy saving properties are increased, contributing to fuel economy.
- The strength of the steam outlet structure increases due to the reinforcing frame.
Correctly selected chimney insulation increases the frost-resistant properties of the system, ensures long-term preservation of its appearance and increases the service life, which is very important. 
The choice of material for thermal insulation
The main question of the owners of country houses with an autonomous heating system is how to insulate the chimney. In order to reliably insulate the outlets for the furnace or boiler, materials with a high degree of thermal insulation are used to ensure the heat balance of the chimney on the roof.
Basalt insulation
Relevant for insulating a chimney with mineral wool or basalt. Insulation is obtained from a molten volcanic rock - gabbo-basalt. It is converted into fibers, so that the insulating material has the following advantages:
- retains up to 95% of heat;
- characterized by good vapor permeability;
- differs in chemical and corrosion resistance;
- prevents the growth of fungus and mold on the surface of the chimney on the roof;
- vibration and heat resistant;
- made of ecological materials;
- does not undergo destruction under the influence of ultraviolet radiation.
Stainless steel casing
Metal "armor" in the form of a pipe made of stainless steel is used as an option for insulation. It is able to provide full protection against mechanical damage, moisture and other aggressive factors.
The chimney cover is mounted on a pipe on the roof. The annular space is filled with basalt wool, the outside is covered with insulation, 5 cm thick. An asbestos chimney can be wrapped with this insulation.
Wood shields
Wooden shields are considered one of the simplest options for insulating a chimney. Thermal insulation is made in the form of a timber frame made of plates of the appropriate size. On top of it, slate or other flooring is fixed, from which the roof of the dwelling is made.
After the pipe is completely covered with wood, the empty cavity is filled with felt, slag, sand, mineral wool. Frame seams must be covered with a waterproofing compound. 
Slag-reinforced concrete insulation slabs
Insulation of a chimney in a private house using iron and slag concrete slabs provides the smallest distance between joints on the structure. The space inside and the corners are reinforced with mesh or wire, gypsum, clay and sand are poured in the form of a solution. Plaster is applied over the tile insulation.
Specificity of insulation works
When insulating the chimney with our own hands, we take into account that during the operation of the heating boiler, the temperature in the flue duct can reach 200-300 degrees.
For insulation, it is better to choose a material with high heat-resistant properties: glass wool, mineral wool, basalt.
In the building materials market, thermal insulation is sold in the form of finished cylinders with a special foil screen. With their help, the gas duct and the adjacent roof elements are made out - protecting them from fire and the ingress of cold air. Tubular structures are sold in different diameters, which allows to wrap different sized smoke outlets. 
Thermal insulation installation regulations
Before insulating the chimney pipe, you need to make sure that it is installed correctly.
The flue is carried out in accordance with the technological standards specified in GOST 52953-2008
- The combustion products outlet pipe should be 5 m high. This indicator provides optimal draft in the heating system.
- A distance of at least 250 mm is required between the roof overlap and the outer element of the boiler room.
- If the building is covered with combustible materials, in particular, slate, roofing material, ondulin, then the insulated smoke exhaust structure must be equipped with a spark arrester.
After making sure that the system is installed correctly, you can proceed to the subsequent work on winding with thermal insulation. 
The main methods of insulation
The metal chimney pipe is insulated using various methods.
Steel chimney insulation technique
The chimney is insulated using a special solution. The composition is prepared from a dry mixture and water. The solution is applied with a spatula to the surface, spreading over the entire area. Then, a fiberglass reinforcing frame is fixed on it, on which plaster is applied. 
Gas boiler flue gas insulation
Insulation for pipes of a gas boiler must have a number of increased heat-insulating and heat-resistant qualities.
Sandwich structures block the deposition of condensate on the surface, while saving energy.
The chimney sandwich consists of a layer of mineral wool and two metal pipes. The upper element, with a large diameter, is the main sleeve, the smaller one is part of the steam outlet.
How to insulate such a chimney pipe with your own hands? It is necessary to follow the recommendations:
- Holes with a diameter of 25 cm larger than the chimney channel are made in the roof of the roof and ceilings.
- At this stage, it is necessary to insulate the chimney pipe with a layer of basalt wool. The thickness of the winding must be at least 5 cm.
- The insulation around the pipe is fixed with steel wire.
- A larger casing is put on top.
Upon completion of the work, the chimney is connected to a heating source and the surrounding riser is filled with expanded clay, clay or asbestos. 
Smoke vents for a bath
Insulation of the chimney in the bath is aimed at improving the heat transfer of the heating source, which is a stone stove.
You can insulate the chimney in the steam room using the following options:
- thermal insulation is a material made of polyethylene foam hidden between sheets of foil. Insulation rolls with a thickness of 2 - 10 mm are offered on the market. The foil surface reduces pipe overheating. The insulation is wrapped around the chimney, fixing it with wire or metallized tape;
- filgoizol consists of two balls: foil, which saves over 90% of the heat in the room, and a heat insulator. The material is used to cover the walls and ceilings of the sauna, providing a thermos effect;
- sandwich pipe consisting of several sections. This option is suitable for saunas and baths with an iron stove.
Insulating a metal pipe means ensuring optimal functioning of the heating system. Correct installation of insulation of chimneys with your own hands allows you to increase the operational life of the structure and heat generator, and also prevents fire.
Having built a bathhouse, you need to take care of the safety of your loved ones. The main danger is live fire. If you do not perform high-quality insulation of the chimney, stove, ceiling and walls, the ceiling may catch fire. According to statistics from firefighters, in 2014 70% of fires in a bath occurred due to improper pipe insulation. We care about our readers and will tell you how to insulate a pipe in a bath with our own hands, what materials exist to protect wood structures from fire.
The pipe in the bath must be safe and contain heat well.
The chimney and stove heat up quickly. Traditionally, baths are made of wood and are easily ignited. For the insulation of walls, ceiling, chimney and stove, a layer of clay, asbestos and other available materials was used in the old days. The main thing is that the material is a poor heat conductor and does not ignite from high temperatures. Protecting the chimney is necessary not only for fire safety purposes. Condensation will not form inside the insulated structure, the chimney will cool down more slowly and will serve the owners longer.
Insulation of the furnace and pipe with foil-clad isolon. Some people think that it is enough to upholster the ceiling around the chimney with metal sheets, and the bath is completely isolated from the fire. The metal heats up in the same way, it will not save from fire. As a heat insulator for a chimney, it is also not suitable.
You can overlay the pipe with red brick, but not every bath provides for a similar design and size.
Modern manufacturers offer several options for the material for insulating the stove pipe in the bath:
- foil insol.
Let us dwell briefly on each type.
Thermal insulation for chimney insulation
Thermal insulation is a relatively new material. You can do the insulation with the material yourself. Made of polyethylene foam, which is hidden between two sheets of foil.
Thermal insulation withstands high temperatures well and is suitable for insulating a bath pipe. Manufacturers offer Thermal insulation with a thickness of 2 to 10 mm. The thicker the material, the higher the temperature it can withstand. For an easier presentation, consider the table:
The upper foil layer will protect the chimney from strong heat. Working with the material is simple. It is wrapped around the chimney, securing it with special metallized tape or wire.
Foilgoizol for chimney protection
Folgoizol consists of two layers: foil and heat insulator. The foil has a reflective role and retains 90% of the heat in the bath. In terms of environmental friendliness, the material is in the first place of similar ones, since thick food foil is used for manufacturing. The material is not afraid of ultraviolet radiation and high temperatures from -65 to +175 ° C. It is a good insulator.
Folgoizol is coated with food foil, so it is harmless. Often, not only the chimney, but also the walls and the ceiling of the steam room are covered with foil insulation. It is an excellent insulation, steam and water insulator for a sauna or bath.
The sauna, lined with foil insulated inside, resembles a thermos in design. The heat does not come out, the bath heats up quickly and cools down for a long time.
Sandwich pipe - a godsend for a bath
Modern manufacturers suggest installing a safe sandwich pipe in a bath or sauna. Choosing a sandwich chimney, you don't have to worry about insulation. The chimney consists of several sections that can be easily inserted into each other. It will be easy to assemble the structure with your own hands. A sandwich pipe is suitable for a bath or sauna with an iron stove.
The sandwich pipe immediately has built-in insulation and insulation. The construction of the sandwich tube is reminiscent of a multi-layer cake. From the inside there is a layer of stainless steel, then a heater (basalt or mineral wool) is laid, galvanized steel outside. The design is a modern method of built-in prefabricated chimney insulation. The design is intended to perform two functions at once: soot does not accumulate inside, and does not overheat outside.
But the iron stove to which the sandwich pipe is intended is mainly used in the sauna. What to do if you have a traditional Russian sauna with a brick stove, how to perform insulation? We'll talk about this below.
How to insulate a pipe in a traditional Russian bath?
For the construction of a pipe in a bath with a stone stove, red brick is used. He is not afraid of high temperatures, keeps warm for a long time.
The brick pipe structure must be correctly folded. The quality of the masonry will determine how long the structure will last. Making a pipe for your bath is not worth saving, since repair work can be more expensive.
The pipe at the intersection with the roof, ceiling and other parts of the roof structure must be insulated with metal sheets. The exit of the pipe on the ceiling and through the roof must be insulated from high temperatures using asbestos sheets. And the walls at the inner part of the pipe are upholstered with galvanized metal sheets. Plain iron sheets should not be used as they corrode. Around the pipe in places where it passes through the ceiling, you can make a box and fill it inside with expanded clay. It will additionally contain heat and protect wooden floors from fire.
Correctly insulating the pipe is only half the battle. It is also necessary to take care of the stove, ceiling and walls of the bath.
Protective insulation of the oven in the bath
Modern metal stoves are simply installed on the foundation, the walls are sheathed with metal sheets from the back and side. A stove made of metal with your own hands looks unsightly; it can be overlaid with red brick. It will be an additional insulator and will help keep the bath warm.
Furnace insulation diagram in a bath. Previously, the stove was insulated with asbestos sheets, but at high temperatures it emits harmful substances. Therefore, we do not recommend using asbestos in the steam room.
It is more environmentally friendly to insulate the stove with natural felt. The material is expensive, but it is a good insulator. The felt will not burn, and if a spark hits, it will smolder. The smell of smoldering is specific, it's hard not to notice it.
When installing the stove directly on a wooden floor, we recommend laying the felt first in two layers, then making a brick pillow in three rows. The walls and floor around are insulated with metal sheets 50–70 cm high.
Correct insulation of the chimney or stove will extend the life of the chimney and heat generator, as well as protect the wood structure from fire. And after reading the article, there will be no questions about how to insulate a pipe in a bath.
Please tell me how to insulate the passage of a brick chimney pipe in the ceiling and roof (wooden logs and beams) and what insulation materials are better to use. I have a brick oven of intermittent use, and the wall thickness of the pipe is 1/2 brick. Thank.
Hello! Correct insulation of the chimney not only ensures fire safety, but also reliably protects the walls of the building from shrinkage. It must be carried out in accordance with the following norms of SNiP 2.04.05-91:
- The height of the chimney from the grate to the mouth must be at least 5 m.
- The chimney on the roof made of combustible materials must have a spark arrestor made of metal mesh with a mesh size of no more than 5x5 mm.
- All gaps between ceilings, walls, gaps and partitions must be filled with non-combustible materials.
- If the upper ceiling of the furnace is made of 3 rows of bricks, and the ceiling of combustible or hardly combustible materials is protected by plaster on a metal mesh or a sheet of steel on asbestos-cement cardboard, then the distance between them is taken as 250 mm for a furnace with a periodic furnace and 700 mm for a furnace long-term use.
- If the ceiling of the furnace is made of 3 rows of bricks, and the ceiling is not properly protected, the distances between them are assumed to be 350 and 1000 mm for furnaces with intermittent and long-term combustion, respectively.
- For stoves with floors of 2 rows of bricks, the indicated distances increase by another 50%.
- The chimney must be cleaned of combustion products and debris before and after the heating season, but at least 3 times a year.
In practice, in places where a brick chimney passes through wooden interfloor and attic ceilings, during its laying, a special thickening of its outer walls is provided - fluff.
The thickness of the fluff is taken in one brick if the stove is heated periodically, and in one and a half bricks for a long burning stove.
According to the standards, a gap of 250-350 mm must be provided between the chimney and the edges of the opening in the ceiling. The ends of the opening are upholstered with two or three layers of felt or sheet asbestos cardboard 10 mm thick and plastered.
The simplest, but laborious way of insulating a brick pipe directly is plastering with a cement-lime-slag mortar. To do this, it is necessary to install fittings on the pipe or cover it with a metal mesh and prepare a mixture of cement, lime and sieved slag crumbs no larger than 55 mm. The surface of the chimney is moistened with water and a thin layer of liquid solution is sprayed on it, and after drying, 3 to 5 layers of pasty mass are successively applied. The final layer is carefully leveled, rubbed and painted with chalk or lime. This method reduces heat transfer by 25%.
It is much more effective, almost twice, to reduce heat transfer if the brick chimney is insulated with 40 mm thick asbestos-cement plates. On the surface of the pipe reinforced with a metal mesh or wire, the slabs are attached to a cement-lime mortar. In addition to a significant reduction in heat transfer, this technique increases the density of the chimney surface and reliably protects it from destruction.
In conclusion, a few tips for efficient chimney operation:
- check the condition of the chimney and its insulation monthly;
- do not try to use the heat of flue gases as an additional heat carrier;
- to reduce the concentration of harmful acids and gases in the chimney, monitor the outlet temperature and maintain it at 60-70 ° C;
- do not burn glued wood, plastic, etc. in the furnace firebox, the combustion products of which increase the outlet temperature and destroy the inner surface of the chimney.
The chimney is the central element of the chimney system in any private house where there is heating equipment that runs on solid or liquid fuels. For its efficient operation, not only compliance with the installation technology is required, but also the device of a full-fledged heat-insulating layer, which will be located outside the chimney.
Why do you need to insulate the chimney
During operation, a large amount of combustion products and hot air are transported through the smoke channel. All this reduces the durability of the chimney by accelerating the processes of corrosion and oxidation of the inner walls of the exhaust duct.
Among the most common problems that lead to damage to the chimney are:
Thermal insulation of the chimney with modern thermal insulation materials reduces the risk of damage and reduces the rate of corrosion processes. For example, the insulation of steel chimneys extends the service life of the product by 2 or more times.
Advantages of an insulated chimney
Timely thermal insulation of the chimney reduces the risk of exposure to factors leading to the formation of damage in metal, brick or ceramics. With the correct thickness of the insulation, the problem with condensate is almost completely solved - the dew point shifts to the section of the pipe located above the roof level. This significantly increases the resource of the smoke channel and the service life of the smoke exhaust system as a whole.
Chimney insulation increases its service life several times
Other advantages of an insulated chimney include:
- Decrease in the level of deposits - thermal insulation materials help to reduce the temperature difference between the combustion products and the surface of the chimney. This reduces the amount of substances deposited on the inner surface of the chimney.
- Energy saving - in the process of operation, the insulated chimney takes less energy from the combustion of fuel. This allows you to reduce fuel consumption and energy spent on maintaining a constant temperature in the combustion chamber.
- Strength and stability - the thermal insulation installed around the chimney acts as a frame and increases the strength and stability of the structure. This is especially noticeable when installing thin-walled metal chimneys.
Modern heaters increase the frost resistance of the smoke exhaust system. If the insulation technology is observed, it is possible to reduce or completely eliminate the effect of high temperature in the section of the pipe outlet through the roof.
Heaters for chimney insulation
For the insulation of the chimney, materials are used that provide a high degree of insulation, coupled with low thermal conductivity. This eliminates the risk of cold bridges, icing and condensation.
Among the most effective and popular materials for insulation are the following:
- plaster - used for insulation of brick and stone chimneys. The plaster mortar is applied to a previously prepared reinforced surface. In terms of the ratio of labor costs and quality, this method is the least justified;
Insulating the chimney with heat-resistant plaster requires unreasonably large labor costs
- broken brick - used for thermal insulation of brick and steel structures. The material is poured into a casing that is fixed around the chimney. The minimum distance from the chimney is 60 mm. Sometimes slag is used instead of broken brick;
The sifted slag tightly fills the installation gap and provides a high degree of thermal insulation of the chimney
- basalt wool is a modern heat-insulating material produced in the form of mats or cylinders with different internal sections. The material is wrapped around the chimney and fixed with steel crimp clamps. In terms of value for money, this method is the most effective.
In fact, all the methods described above have some similarities - insulation is applied or fixed on the outer surface of the chimney. After that, the insulating material is protected by a steel casing.
In order to save money, the outer steel pipe can be replaced with wooden or slag concrete slabs.For example, a rectangular frame can be fixed around the chimney using the wooden shields available at hand, and the space between the pipe and the shields can be filled with any heat-insulating material.
What insulation is better to choose
The first thing to remember when choosing a material for insulating a chimney is that thermal insulation must be made of non-combustible components. During the operation of the chimney, the insulation will heat up to 100-150 ° C, and at the place where the pipe is exited through the ceilings, the temperature may be even higher.
If the installation of the insulation will be performed by one person, then it is better to choose the lightest and most solid material. Otherwise, in the course of warming, problems will certainly arise, which ultimately will affect the quality of the work carried out.
For self-insulation of the chimney, it is better to use basalt thermal insulation. The shape and thickness of the product are selected taking into account the existing chimney design.
The basalt cylinder can be matched exactly to the chimney pipe size
The advantages of basalt wool heaters include:
- high thermal insulation qualities;
- good vapor permeability;
- resistance to chemicals;
- immunity to the formation of fungus and mold;
- high thermal stability when heated above 100 ° C;
- environmental friendliness and safety.
Before using the finished thermal insulation from the manufacturer, you should carefully study the technology of its installation. As a rule, high-quality products are completed with a paper insert or instructions, which describe in detail how they are cut and installed.
Video: test for flammability of basalt wool
Steel insulated chimney construction
The insulated chimney is a pipe-in-pipe structure similar to a sandwich pipe, which is also used for the construction of flue ducts. Usually, a wooden box lined with asbestos plates or a large diameter steel pipe acts as an outer pipe.
Any insulated chimney consists of a smoke exhaust channel, an outer shell and a layer of insulation between them
A non-combustible heat-insulating material is placed between the outer shell and the chimney, mechanically fixed or glued to heat-resistant glue or sealant. The inside of the insulated chimney is nothing more than a chimney .
The layer of material used as insulation acts as a thermal insulation barrier. On the one hand, it prevents heating elements directly in contact with the chimney. On the other hand, cold air does not cool the chimney and thus does not create a sharp difference between the temperature of the outgoing combustion products and the inner surface of the chimney.
Calculation of materials and design parameters
Before purchasing insulation and materials necessary for assembling the frame around the chimney structure, they will need to be calculated. This will save money, especially if specialized expensive products are used for insulation.
Before making calculations, you will need to measure:
- outer section of the chimney;
- length and width (diameter) of the chimney;
- the height of the pipe from the inlet.
The obtained data allow us to calculate the required amount of thermal insulation material and additional accessories. As an example, we calculate the materials for insulating a steel chimney with a section of 200 mm and a height of 5 m.
For thermal insulation of round chimneys, ready-made cylindrical fragments of insulation are produced
When using a basalt "shell", products with a total length of 5 running meters with an inner cylinder diameter of 210 mm will be required. The density of the insulation is 120–150 kg / m 3. The thickness of the heat insulator is selected taking into account the temperature regime in the region. For operation in Russian winter conditions, cylinders with a thickness of 70–100 mm are sufficient. As an outer pipe, you will need a product made of galvanized steel with a section of 280-310 mm with a total length of 5 m.
It is convenient to use basalt wool in slabs to insulate square chimneys
To insulate chimneys with a square or rectangular cross-section, you will need to know their dimensions. For example, a square chimney with a side of 0.3 m will require (0.3 * 5) * 4 \u003d 6 m 2 of insulation. The length of the chimney is still considered to be 5 m.
If you buy a high-quality insulation, then usually one package contains a roll with a total area of \u200b\u200b5 m 2. This means that for our example, we need two packs of basalt wool in rolls. Roll parameters - 5000x1000x50 mm. A 50 × 50 mm bar can be used to assemble the frame around a square chimney. An asbestos board 3000x1500x12 is better suited as an external cladding.
Required tools and supplies
In addition to insulation, additional consumables are needed for thermal insulation work. For the assembly of the wooden frame and its cladding, galvanized self-tapping screws with a length of 30 mm are used. To fix the heat insulator, a refractory sealant is used - Penosil High Temp, PENOSIL Premium 1500 or MAKROFLEX HA147.
Heat-resistant sealant is used to fix the insulation to the chimney surface
To insulate chimneys made of steel or ceramics, you will need:
- scissors for metal;
- construction knife;
- screwdriver;
- angle grinder;
- screwdriwer set;
- protective glasses and gloves;
- tape measure and pencil.
For plastering the chimney, it is necessary to prepare a container for plaster, a plastering trowel, a wooden rectangular trowel, a triangular trowel, a rule and a long-bristled paint brush.
Preparatory work before installing thermal insulation
Before carrying out thermal insulation work, you should check the reliability and strength of the foundation, which was erected under the furnace or other heating equipment.
If there is no foundation, then before insulating the chimney, it will be necessary to assemble the supporting structure under the outer casing. This can be either a support bracket, which can be purchased at a store, or a welded frame made from a steel corner. Usually, ready-made support brackets are used for steel chimneys, and in the case of a brick chimney, the foundation structure is already designed for current loads.
After that, you should carefully inspect the place of the chimney outlet through the ceilings and the roof. The outlet through the ceiling must be protected by a steel box. The minimum distance from the chimney to the duct walls is at least 20 cm. When exiting through the roof, the chimney must not come into contact with the roof structures. To do this, provide appropriate spacers or a special hood that is mounted outside the building.
The chimney outlet through the ceiling must be protected by a metal box
Do-it-yourself chimney insulation
Before proceeding with insulation, the outer surface of the chimney should be cleaned of dust and dirt. To do this, use a conventional hard-bristled brush and a broom. When cleaning a brick chimney, remove excess dust and loose cement. This can be done with a paintbrush and water.
Brick chimney insulation technology
Insulation of a brick chimney can be done using different materials. The most time consuming and ineffective method is plastering, but many still use it, since it does not require large expenses. On average, after work, heat losses are reduced by 20–25%.
The sequence of actions for plastering is as follows:
- In a clean container with a rounded bottom, a mortar based on M500 cement, dry lime and fine slag is mixed. Before kneading, the slag is sieved. The first portion of the solution should be very thick.
To prepare the plaster, it is necessary to knead a solution of cement, lime and slag
- The mortar is carefully applied to the joints between the bricks. At this stage, you need to fill in all the voids. It is advisable to do this before the steel mesh is fixed to the pipe surface.
Brick chimneys are sometimes insulated with heat-resistant plaster, although this is considered the least effective method.
- A reinforcing steel mesh is fixed on the surface of the chimney. Then you can start carrying the plaster mixture. The thickness of the first layer is no more than 3–4 cm. After application, the plaster layer should set and dry slightly.
- A second plaster layer is applied with a thickness of up to 5–7 cm. If the declared thickness cannot be applied, then a layer of 3–4 cm is applied. Then you will need to wait for it to set and repeat the work until the plaster coating of the desired thickness is obtained.
- The finishing layer is applied. The surface is carefully leveled and rubbed with a scraper. Cracks may form when dry and need to be covered before finishing.
After drying, the plaster is bleached with a solution of lime and chalk. If necessary, it is applied in 2-3 layers. Instead of a cement-slag mixture, you can use a heat-resistant plaster with fire resistance up to 600 ° C.
Video: sheathing and insulation of a brick chimney
Steel chimney insulation technology
The technology described below can be used to insulate any round chimney, but is most often used for thermal insulation of steel structures. The sequence of work will depend on the type of outer pipe. We recommend using a telescopic tube from the manufacturer.
Thermal insulation work is performed in the following order:
In the process of work, you should carefully monitor the docking of the elements. The joint between the top and bottom pipes must have no visible gap. When using pipes without a weld seam, the joint is also treated with a sealant.
Video: thermal insulation of a steel chimney
Insulation of chimneys of square and rectangular shape
This technology is most often used to insulate brick chimneys. But if necessary, this method can be used to insulate the chimney from one or more asbestos pipes.
Warming is performed in the following sequence:
After installation, the joint between the asbestos slabs at the corners of the frame is filled with heat-resistant plaster. From the side of the outlet from the chimney, the surface is also rubbed with heat-resistant plaster.
The main mistakes in insulation
After performing the thermal insulation work, a test furnace of the furnace or boiler should be carried out. Maximum power no more than 60% of the nominal. To diagnose and check the quality of insulation, you will need to purchase or rent a handheld thermal imager. In the process of diagnostics, you should find out how tight the outer casing of the insulated chimney is.If everything is in order, then neither the walls of the structure, nor the connecting seams will allow heat to pass through. This will be clearly visible on the equipment screen.
Loss of tightness is the most common problem that leads to burnout of the chimney and overheating of the insulation. If such a problem is present, then you will need to remove the outer pipe or casing and reinstall it in compliance with the technology.
Burning out of the insulated chimney can occur due to loss of tightness or due to incorrectly selected thickness of the heat insulator
If, after insulating the chimney, condensate still continues to accumulate, then, most likely, the thickness of the insulation was incorrectly selected. The minimum thickness of the insulation should not be less than 4 cm.To insulate steel and asbestos pipes with a height of more than 6 m, it is recommended to use insulation 10 cm thick.When insulating brick chimneys, it is better to use insulating plates with a total thickness of 8 cm.
Chimney insulation is an obligatory work that must be performed immediately after the construction of the flue gas system and ventilation. It is optimal if, already at the stage of arranging the chimney, modern thermal insulation materials or finished products with a thermal insulation layer are used. This will make it possible to assemble a chimney that will serve the entire declared period without forced downtime for repair periods.
If you decide to build a bathhouse, do not forget about the high-quality insulation of the stove, chimney, walls and ceiling. Otherwise, you may have serious problems with the fire of the building ceiling. Therefore, we will try to dwell in more detail on the pressing problem today - do-it-yourself pipe insulation in a bath.
Protective materials for wooden structures
Due to the fact that the chimney and stove quickly become hot, a fire may occur. Moreover, according to tradition, wood is the material for the bath. Even in the old days, it was customary to insulate walls, a ceiling, a stove, a chimney with an asbestos layer, clay and other available materials that are rather poorly conducting thermal energy and are resistant to high temperatures.
So how to overlay the pipe from the stove today? Insulation of the chimney structure is necessary both for the purpose of fire safety and protection against condensation, so that cooling takes place more slowly and the flue system lasts longer.
It is a misconception that a few metal sheets will be enough to isolate from fire, with which they knock the ceiling around the chimney. After all, the metal also heats up quickly, so it will not protect against fire, and as a heat insulator, it also will not work.
A red brick is not always needed for lining a pipe, although it is endowed with excellent thermal insulation properties. The reason is that such a design is not combined for every bath in design.
To better understand how to wrap a chimney pipe from fire, consider two options for insulating materials in the form:
- thermal insulation;
- folgoizol.
Furnace pipe insulation: thermal insulation
It is a unique material with polyethylene foam sandwiched between a pair of foil sheets. With the help of thermal insulation, you can qualitatively insulate the chimney, moreover, independently.
The thickness of thermal insulation varies from 2 to 10 mm, and the thicker the material, the greater its resistance to high temperatures.
The upper layer of foil serves as a reliable protection of the pipe from significant overheating. With the help of a wire or tape of a metal master, heat insulation is attached, which is then wrapped around the chimney.
You can wrap the chimney with foil insulation
Modern material includes two layers: heat insulator and foil. The second one plays a reflective function and can store up to 90% of thermal energy in a building. Folgoizol is a harmless material compared to other analogs, since compacted food foil acts as a foil. The material is resistant to ultraviolet light and high temperatures in the range of -65 to +175 degrees Celsius, a good insulator.
Who still does not know how to insulate the chimney pipe in a sauna, we recommend covering the ceiling of the steam room, walls and chimney with foil-insulating material. As a result, you will get a room that resembles a thermos in design. The heat will remain in the sauna, and the bath will quickly pick up the temperature and then slowly cool down. Sometimes a mesh is installed on the pipe for stones in the bath, which is very convenient and practical.
To the rescue - sandwich pipes
For those who wish to equip a safe chimney in the sauna, we suggest using a sandwich pipe. This design includes several sections that can be easily placed into each other, i.e. looks like a layered cake.
Here are the main components of a sandwich pipe:
- stainless steel layer (inside);
- insulation in the form of basalt / mineral wool (middle);
- zinc coated steel (outside).
This creative design represents the insulation of the chimney integrated into the overall system and is designed to solve two problems simultaneously:
- protection from accumulation of soot inside;
- maintaining an optimal temperature outside.
The sandwich pipe is easy to assemble by yourself and can be used for a sauna with an iron stove or bath. What to do if you built a Russian steam room with a brick stove? Below we will consider how to overlay the pipe in this situation in order to protect it from ignition.
Pipe insulation in a primordial Russian bath
At elevated temperatures, refractory red brick retains its operational properties, therefore it is in demand when building a chimney in a bath with a stone stove. In this case, you are guaranteed protection of the pipe from fire and long-term preservation of heat.
The service life of the structure depends on how well the brick pipe is folded. Do not skimp on materials during the construction of the chimney, because then the repair will be much more expensive for you.
Let's take a closer look at how to isolate a pipe in a bath from the ceiling:
- Place the pipe outlet on the ceiling and through the roof using asbestos.
- Using galvanized material, insulate the walls from the inside of the pipe. Standard iron sheets are completely unsuitable for this purpose due to their tendency to corrosion.
- Run a box around the pipe where it passes through the ceiling.
- Pour expanded clay into the box to preserve heat and protect wooden floors from fire.
You professionally wrapped the pipe, but this was not the end of the chimney arrangement. The next step is measures to insulate the stove, ceiling and walls of the bath.
Stove fire protection
Modern metal stoves are mounted on a foundation, sheathing with sheets of the same material on the back and side of the wall. If you independently beat the stove with only metal, then its appearance will not be very aesthetic. It is better to make the outer brickwork with red brick, which insulates the stove from fire and keeps the heat in the bath.
Due to the fact that asbestos emits toxic substances at elevated temperatures, it is not recommended to use it in a steam room. Natural felt is considered harmless, which, moreover, is a good insulator. For the price, this material is more expensive than asbestos sheets, and when smoldering it emits a specific smell (felt does not ignite), which can be immediately felt.
If you intend to install the stove on a wooden floor, then first it is better to spread the felt material in a couple of layers, then lay out the brick in three rows. For walls and floors, it is advised to lay sheets of metal as an insulator, the height of which varies from 50 to 70 cm.
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