What is the best way to treat pneumonia. Treatment of pneumonia at home. Treatment with pharmaceuticals

Diseases of the respiratory system are of high danger to humans. One of these common pathologies is pneumonia, which causes inflammation of the lung tissue and irreversible changes in it. To avoid oxygen starvation of tissues, the disease must be treated on time.

How to treat pneumonia at home in adults

Pneumonia is more often of a viral nature, but even in other cases bacterial infections are added to it, so adults are required to undergo antibiotic therapy, prescribing 1-2 drugs at a time. Treatment standards take into account several factors:

• type of pneumonia
• volume of damage to lung tissue;
• health and age of the patient;
• concomitant diseases of the heart, kidneys or lungs.

Antibiotics

Adults are prescribed antibiotics for pneumonia, taking into account their age, and even with a slight effectiveness of one drug, it is not changed for 3 days or until the patient's sputum analysis is deciphered. For the treatment of pneumonia, modern popular drugs are used under the names:

1. Ceftriaxone. As a release form, white powders for the preparation of injections are used. The course of treatment for pneumonia is determined by the doctor depending on the severity. For an adult, the dose is 1-2 g daily. The solution for injections is prepared from 500 mg of the drug and 2 ml of a 1% solution of lidocaine, and 5 ml of sterile water is used for droppers. Price from 25 rubles, sold by prescription.
2. Sefpotek. Antibiotic, also allowed for a child from 12 years old. Effective in the treatment of pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections. Adults need to take 200 mg - 1 tablet, with an interval of 12 hours. It is necessary to finish the course of treatment in 2 weeks. Price from 120 rubles.
3. Sumamed. In addition to tablets, it is available as a powder or lyophilisate. It is indicated for infectious and inflammatory diseases, including the respiratory tract. From pneumonia, you need to take 500 mg of the drug per day with a course of treatment equal to 3 days. Price from 520 rubles.

Folk remedies

Alternative treatment of pneumonia in adults is effective in combination with medication if therapy is carried out at home. To do this, you can use the following recipes:

1. A decoction of raisins. Rinse 0.5 tbsp. dark raisins, pass it through a meat grinder. Fill with a glass of boiling water, sweat under the lid for about 10 minutes. It is necessary to treat pneumonia with such a decoction by drinking 1.5 tbsp. daily.
2. Fig milk. Prepare 3 dried white figs. Heat the milk, pour the fruits, cook over low heat for about half an hour. For pneumonia, drink 2 cups a day until symptoms improve.
3. Infusion on nuts. Take 500 ml of dry red wine. Fill them with 50 g of peeled nuts. Sweat the product over low heat for about a quarter of an hour. Use 1 tbsp. before every meal.

exercise therapy

To begin with, it is recommended to change your position in bed more often and not lie on the side that hurts. After 3-4 days, when the acute period of the disease is already behind, you can start breathing exercises, for which lie on your back and put your hands on your stomach. You need to exhale after a deep breath, but do it slowly, tensing the abdominal muscles. Approaches should be at least 5 per day, each of which includes 15 repetitions. It is recommended to use exercise therapy for the prevention of pneumonia.

Features of the treatment of pneumonia

Treatment of pneumonia in an adult depends on many factors, the first of which is the type of this disease. Therapy for the elderly is carried out necessarily in a hospital, in other cases, the decision is made by the doctor. The treatment algorithm consists of several stages. First, pneumonia is diagnosed, then the focus of inflammation is eliminated with antibiotics. Further, additional drugs are prescribed for the remaining signs of the disease.

Segmental

In adults, this form occurs more often than others and is divided into right-sided and left-sided. A private variety is bilateral, when there are lesions in both lungs. Treatment of pneumonia in an adult is carried out in a hospital with the use of antibiotics, physiotherapy, inhalations and the elimination of allergic reactions. With a unilateral or bilateral form, it is necessary to ensure the correct position of the patient - semi-sitting to improve lung function.

Viral

Bronchopneumonia

This type of pneumonia is also called focal. It develops against the background of bronchitis, therefore it is especially dangerous for its consequences - pleuropneumonia, abscess and even gangrene, therefore, treatment methods are chosen only by a doctor. Antibiotics become mandatory in therapy, and they are chosen according to the degree of impact on the intestinal microflora. Ecoantibiotics are often used. In addition, adults are treated with agents that thin, remove sputum and restore the immune system.

atypical

The most serious of all is the atypical form, because it is caused by atypical pathogens and such pneumonia often occurs in an adult without fever. The disease is also insidious in that it has a latent period when symptoms are practically absent. Antibiotics are often unable to cope with the manifestations of this type of pneumonia, so an adult is prescribed immunoglobulins and special procedures to suck fluid in the lungs. Treatment is supplemented with a complex of vitamins and antipyretics.

Radical

Another complex form of pneumonia is hilar. It is difficult to diagnose, because the symptoms are similar to tuberculosis and central lung cancer. Drugs for treatment are prescribed immediately after diagnosis, and several drugs at the same time, so that the condition is alleviated after 2-3 days and the patient can be prescribed warm-ups and exercise therapy.

Treatment of pneumonia in the hospital

Indications for hospitalization are the deterioration of the patient's condition or the inability to use the necessary drugs at home. With timely treatment, relief occurs after 2-4 days, but possible complications increase the length of stay in the hospital up to 10 days, and often up to 4 weeks. The patient is given injections or put on droppers with antibiotics, then in the same way a saline solution is injected to detoxify the body. In combination with these drugs, adults are prescribed expectorants and antipyretics.

How long is pneumonia treated

Community-acquired pneumonia in adults is treated at home and takes 7 to 10 days. This adds a period for the recovery of the body, which may take from 1 to several months. The same can be done to fight chronic pneumonia. The duration of treatment depends on the timeliness of therapy. In addition, the effectiveness of the selected drugs is also important. In a hospital, therapy has an average duration of 9-10 days in severe form. Congestive pneumonia can be cured in 20-25 days.

Video about breathing exercises for pneumonia

How to treat pneumonia in adults

Inflammation of the lungs (pneumonia) in both adults and children and the elderly requires timely adequate treatment, because otherwise it can lead to the development of serious complications. Only a doctor can prescribe the correct treatment for this disease, after examining the patient and conducting the necessary studies.

Treatment of pneumonia with antibiotics

Antibacterial therapy is prescribed taking into account the conducted microscopic examinations. In the event that microscopy or culture has not been performed, antibiotics are selected for the patient, focusing on his age, epidemiological factors and the severity of the disease.

In adults, this disease is treated according to the concept of the so-called "step therapy", which involves the two-stage use of antibiotics. At the same time, in the shortest possible time, the administration of the drug is transferred from the parenteral route to the non-parenteral route (usually to oral, i.e. through the mouth).

If the patient has pneumonia, then the doctor, before prescribing treatment, will determine the severity of his condition. As a rule, all people who have symptoms of pneumonia are divided into several groups.

1. The first group includes patients under 60 years of age who do not have severe comorbidities, and the disease proceeds without complications. Their treatment takes place at home under the supervision of a local doctor. Of antibiotics, they are usually prescribed drugs from the group of penicillins or macrolides.
2. The second group includes patients over 60 years of age who have comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic alcoholism, renal or heart failure, etc.). It is customary to treat pneumonia in such patients with antibiotics belonging to the group of protected aminopenicillins, as well as third-generation cephalosporins. It is best to carry out treatment not at home, but in a hospital, in order to avoid the development of complications.
3. The third group includes people of any age who have a severe disease and a high risk of complications. In order to assess the severity of the patient's condition, the doctor pays attention to the following symptoms: shortness of breath, cyanosis, confusion, tachycardia, hypotension and temperature above 39 degrees.

Regardless of whether community-acquired or nosocomial pneumonia is involved, the patient must be hospitalized or transferred to the pulmonology department. For therapy, drugs belonging to the group of fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin) are used. Be sure to identify the pathogen that caused pneumonia.

Pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment

Symptomatic therapy of pneumonia in adults is aimed at alleviating and eliminating its main symptoms. So, when the temperature rises above 38.5 degrees, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nimesil, aspirin, indomethacin, Nurofen) are used. Drugs that thin sputum and facilitate its expectoration are used (marshmallow, licorice, ambroxol, lazolvan, solvin, fluimucil, fluditec, halixol, ACC, Mukaltin and bromhexine).

For the purpose of detoxification therapy, the patient, if necessary, may be prescribed intravenous fluids, for example, hemodez. Also, the patient may be prescribed antihistamines, agents that simulate local and general immunity, ascorbic acid and B vitamins. In severe cases, cardiac glycosides, analeptics, etc. are used.

Physiotherapy, which is carried out in adult patients, can reduce inflammation, as well as restore the ventilation function of the lungs. This treatment accelerates the resolution of the inflammatory infiltrate, reduces bronchial obstruction, activates alveolar-capillary transport and increases the level of nonspecific resistance of the body.

Physiotherapy

With pneumonia, it is necessary to be treated not only with the help of drugs, but also with the help of physiotherapy exercises. Simple exercises are a good prevention of complications. It is recommended to start practicing from the first days of illness. First, the patient should change position in bed more often.

You should not lie on the side that hurts, it is better to change position more often, lying on a healthy side and on your back. For 3-4 days, you need to start breathing exercises. To do this, the patient must lie down, put his hands on his stomach and take a deep breath. Exhale slowly, while drawing in the abdominal muscles. You need to repeat this exercise 15 times 5 times a day. You can supplement such breathing exercises with other movements, for example, tilts and rotation of the torso.

Care and Nutrition

If the patient is at home, then he needs to be carefully looked after. If he sweats, you need to change underwear and bedding. It is worth providing the patient with a special spittoon, where he will expectorate sputum.

The room in which it is located must be regularly ventilated and wet cleaned in it. The sick person must have personal hygiene items and cutlery. If he has signs of complications, you should again consult a doctor.

Food should be high-calorie, but at the same time it is worth excluding hard-to-digest foods (for example, too fatty) from the diet. Every day you need to eat vegetables and fruits. Drinking plenty of water will help increase the excretion of sputum and prevent the development of dehydration against a background of high temperature. The patient should drink about three liters per day, alkaline mineral water, fruit juices and various fruit drinks are suitable.

Folk methods

Those who are treated at home often use various folk remedies, after consulting with their doctor. You can use, for example, a decoction of raisins. To prepare it, half a glass of dark raisins is passed through a meat grinder, poured with a glass of boiling water and simmered on fire for 10 minutes. Then the broth is filtered, squeezed and drunk three times a day until recovery.

And also treatment with folk remedies often includes the use of a decoction of figs. To prepare it, you need to pour a couple of dried figs into a glass of cold milk and boil over low heat for 15 minutes. The resulting drink should be taken in a glass a couple of times a day. Hazelnuts are considered folk remedies for poorly expelled sputum, which the patient can eat in large quantities.

Duration of treatment

Many patients are interested in the question of how long the treatment of the disease lasts. In each case, the duration of therapy is determined by the doctor on an individual basis. If there are no complications, then antibiotics continue for another three days from the moment the temperature returns to normal.

Pneumonia - treatment with folk remedies at home | Folk recipes for the treatment of pneumonia

An acute infectious disease of predominantly bacterial etiology, characterized by focal lesions of the lungs, is called pneumonia. Phytotherapy for this disease can be carried out only with strict adherence to the regimen and adequate patient care.

Folk recipes for the treatment of pneumonia

After the exact diagnosis of the doctor, you can try herbal remedies. From cough, heaviness in the chest, mucus and sputum in the lungs, you can get rid of traditional medicine. Here are the most effective folk remedies.

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1. Herbal infusion

Mix the root and leaves of coltsfoot with oregano. Pour boiling water over and let stand for about an hour. Take in strained form half a glass twice a day before eating food.

2. Medicinal decoction

In equal doses, take marshmallow roots, sage and licorice leaves, pine buds, anise fruits. Pour in hot boiled water. Drink a week for one-fourth glass every three hours.

After folk treatment, you will definitely feel lightness in your lungs, get rid of chest pain and cough, as herbal infusions cleanse the airways.

3. Honey infusion

Bring to a boil a mixture of a teaspoon of honey, a tablespoon of anise seeds and salt. Drink a folk remedy strained every 2 hours.

4. Aloe balm

Pour a few leaves of aloe with Cahors with liquid honey, insist for 14 days. Consume three times before eating.

5. Plantain compress

Ask a relative to put clean psyllium leaves on your back and chest before going to bed. Put a towel on top and wrap it with a plastic bag. Wear a wool sweater or cover yourself with a warm blanket. The next morning, all the unpleasant symptoms of pneumonia will disappear.

6. Herbal teas are great. These are linden, sage, elecampane, raspberry, oregano, willow, succession, elderberry and many others. They are taken hot, you can add honey.

7. You can take propolis, which is an excellent way against infectious diseases. Honey water also eliminates the symptoms of the disease and greatly facilitates breathing.

8. A home remedy that restores the lungs very well, is prepared on the basis of one tablespoon of St. John's wort and three tablespoons of elecampane, this collection must be poured with 0.5 lira of boiling water. Boil all this for 30 minutes, then cool the broth, strain. In the already chilled broth, add two glasses of liquid honey and two hundred milliliters of olive oil. Mix everything thoroughly until a homogeneous mass is obtained and leave to infuse in the refrigerator for two weeks, after which the remedy for pneumonia is ready to be taken. To treat pneumonia, you need to take one teaspoon thirty minutes before meals five times a day.

9. Actual and most importantly effective is the treatment with balm. It is prepared on the basis of 250 grams of aloe, half a liter of Cahors, 350 grams of liquid honey. Aloe leaves must be thoroughly wiped, in no case wash. After that, they need to be crushed and put in a jar, pour in honey mixed with Cahors. Leave the resulting mixture in a dark, cool place for two weeks. Then the filtered mass must be squeezed out. Taking this balm three times a day, one tablespoon will relieve all kinds of lung diseases, and will act as a general tonic.

10. Elderberry is also an effective remedy for pneumonia, we take four preferably large umbrellas of elderberry, pour 0.5 liters of vodka, insist for fourteen days and you're done. One tablespoon should be taken one hour before meals.

11. It is very important to do inhalations. The bandage rubbed with onions should be placed in a mug and try to breathe over it for ten minutes at least seven times a day. This type of inhalation is very effective in the treatment of any even the most advanced stage of the disease, as well as in bronchitis and tonsillitis.

Effective ways to treat pneumonia with fees

1. Grass lungwort, large plantain, medicinal sage, centaury umbrella, wormwood common for the treatment of pneumonia - equally.

2. Knot grass, anise fruits, dill fruits, pine buds, thyme grass, licorice root (chopped) - equally.

3. Althea root, birch leaves or buds, elecampane root, St.

4. Oregano herb, clover flowers, raspberry leaves, coltsfoot leaves, chamomile flowers, yarrow herb, thyme herb, lamb herb, wild rosemary shoots, tricolor violet herb - equally.

5. Oregano grass, viburnum bark, fireweed leaves, coltsfoot leaves, mint leaves, dandelion root, plantain leaves, licorice root, rose hips, lungwort grass, primrose root, cuff leaves - equally.

6. Calendula flowers, clover flowers, plantain leaves, pine buds, sage leaves, rose hips, gravel root, motherwort grass, speedwell grass, cyanosis grass, dill fruits, hawthorn fruits - equally for the treatment of pneumonia with folk remedies.

7. Birch buds, elecampane root, viburnum bark or berries, raspberry leaves, sage leaves, lilac flowers, marshmallow root, wormwood grass, motherwort herb, wild rosemary shoots, mullein flowers, coriander fruits - equally.

8. Dill fruits, oregano grass, nettle grass, coltsfoot leaves, pine buds, eucalyptus leaves, yarrow grass, gravel root, violet grass, cuff leaves - equally.

9. Leaves or buds of birch, viburnum bark, meadowsweet grass, mint grass, nettle grass, St. John's wort grass, calendula flowers, thyme grass, angelica root, cyanosis grass - equally.

10. Oregano grass, chamomile flowers, rose hips, plantain leaves, licorice root, lungwort grass, thermopsis grass - equally.

Treatment of childhood pneumonia with folk remedies

For children, it is recommended to prepare infusions and decoctions in the following daily dose of dry medicinal collection: up to 1 year - 1/2-1 tsp, from 1 to 3 years - 1 tsp, from 3 to 6 years - 1 des. l., from 6 to 10 years - 1 tbsp. l., over 10 years old - 2 tbsp. l.

Plants, previously crushed (in a coffee grinder or meat grinder), are mixed, 2 tbsp. l. collection, pour 1 liter of boiling water, bring to a boil, simmer for 10 minutes in a sealed container, pour together with the grass in a thermos, insist overnight.

Take during the day, 100-150 ml 30 minutes before meals. To improve the taste, you can add honey, sugar, jam. The course of treatment for pneumonia is 3-4 months.

Herbal preparations can be used in combination with other medicines. Before taking this or that collection, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the contraindications to the herbs that are part of this collection.

We must not forget that if pneumonia is with complications, then herbal medicine can only serve as an addition to the main forms of treatment and to the course of taking antibiotics. It is strictly not recommended to self-medicate, this will only complicate your health condition. With a sharp rise in body temperature, fainting and shortness of breath, immediately contact an ambulance. An accurate and correct diagnosis can only be made by an experienced doctor with the appointment of laboratory tests and x-rays.

Rules for the care of pneumonia at home

For treatment, you can take a variety of measures:

1. Pleural chest pains in pneumonia in adults can sometimes be relieved by applying an electric heating pad wrapped in a pillowcase and placed over the patient's underwear. In this case, care must be taken if the patient is restless, motionless, or his mind is clouded.

2. If the patient has a high temperature, then bed linen and underwear made of cotton, as well as washing the patient and applying talc if necessary, will be a good help in maintaining body hygiene.

3. Regular brushing of teeth, rinsing the mouth, washing dentures (who have them), as well as sucking ice cubes contribute to the relief of the patient's condition.

4. It is very important in the treatment of pneumonia at home to regularly give the patient to drink, since high fever is associated with dehydration. (dried fruit compotes, juices, fruit drinks, teas and herbal decoctions, milk with honey, mineral water). For fever, take at least 3 liters of water. It's okay if the patient loses his appetite during an acute attack of the disease - as soon as he gets better, the appetite will return.

5. During the period of pneumonia, bed rest must be strictly observed. Sometimes sit down to cough up phlegm.

6. The room where the patient is located must be kept in constant cleanliness, ventilated more often. The air must be moist and clean. The room must be cool.

7. The food of the patient should be high-calorie, vitamin and containing trace elements. These are all kinds of fruits and vegetables. In case of intoxication of the body, food ground with a blender is recommended.

8. It is necessary to monitor the intestines, to prevent constipation and the development of flatulence.

9. For better sputum discharge, mucus from the lungs is given a special massage. With the help of relatives or a massage therapist, the chest and back, arms and legs are massaged in a circular motion. There is acupressure (light stroking touches, pressing the sore spot with a finger for ten minutes) and classic segmental massage. Also effective in the treatment is respiratory gymnastics, which helps to eliminate respiratory failure. Physical exercise, which facilitates breathing and sputum discharge, activates blood circulation.

10. For ease of breathing in pneumonia in an adult, saline and alkaline inhalations help.

11. You can treat pneumonia at home using jars, mustard plasters, make warm compresses, body wraps. This helps to expel mucus when coughing.

It usually takes several weeks to fully recover, although this depends on the individual patient. During the recovery period, bouts of depression often occur. All the above measures for the care of the patient can be applied in the case of bronchitis.

Prevention of pneumonia by folk methods

Many doctors recommend strengthening the body and immunity with herbal decoctions to prevent pneumonia. Honey is a universal remedy for the prevention of the disease, 1-2 tablespoons with a hot drink, the same norm with raspberry jam. Increase the consumption of onions and garlic. Recommended herbs: raspberry leaf, elderflower, coltsfoot, and other anti-inflammatory herbs.

But any disease can be prevented if you take care of your body and strengthen the immune system. First of all, this is hardening for the prevention of pneumonia. For young children, this process should become the norm. A patting back and chest massage for improved blood and air circulation. The prophylactic course of the vitamin complex for the prevention of pneumonia has not harmed anyone yet. And remember, forewarned is forearmed, which means you are ready! Your health and the health of your loved ones is in your hands!

Pneumonia in adults treatment and symptoms | How to treat pneumonia in an adult

This is an infectious disease in which an infiltrate forms in the lung parenchyma. Pneumonia captures the lung tissue and occurs when harmful bacteria and microorganisms enter the body. There are a number of other main factors that have a direct impact on the development of the disease in adults: alcohol, smoking, chronic diseases of the nasopharynx and lungs.

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Symptoms of pneumonia in adults

This disease is popularly called simply - pneumonia. This is a fairly common and dangerous disease that has serious consequences for the body and sometimes human life.

Symptoms of pneumonia at the initial stage can mislead any doctor. Often there are cases when the doctor makes a false diagnosis and after a couple of days changes his mind.

The first sign of the disease is a cough, which is wet and dry, at the beginning of the disease only dry. When coughing, sharp pains in the chest area are observed, and this one is already alarming, pneumonia is more likely to begin, and it is urgent to treat the disease.

When rusty sputum appears, this indicates that the patient has croupous pneumonia. When bloody sputum appears, you need to act immediately. Self-medication in this case is contraindicated, since blood discharge appears when the disease is caused by Friedlander's wand. To localize the stick, more serious methods of treatment must be taken.

Bacteria such as streptococci cause purulent sputum, with a characteristic unpleasant odor of sputum, it is very important to know that purulent foci have appeared and the disease begins to progress. When a patient has severe pain in his side, this is a lung infarction, a sign of hemoptysis. Another symptom of the disease in adults is often chest pain, with a deep breath or a fit of coughing manifests itself in full force. When the patient feels a sharp lack of air, this is a sign of shortness of breath. In some cases, during the disease, the temperature rises to 40 degrees, sometimes it sticks to 37.5 degrees and the patient feels a certain malaise, lethargy, chills. Sometimes there is vomiting and loss of appetite.

The main syndromes of pneumonia:

1. compaction of the lung tissue,

2. bronchitis,

3. general inflammatory,

4 intoxication,

5. asthenic,

6. bronchial dyscrinia,

7. broncho-obstructive,

8. respiratory failure.

Types of pneumonia in an adult and its manifestations

The source of infection is most often bacteria, but sometimes there is a viral form of pneumonia. According to the nature of the course, acute and chronic pneumonia are distinguished. If the infection penetrates into the lung lobes, then such a disease is called lobar pneumonia, while bronchopneumonia is an inflammation of the smaller airways inside the lung.

Pneumonia in an adult is divided into several types, which contributes to a different approach to treatment:

1. A non-hospital form of the disease that occurs in an adult outside the walls of a hospital.

2. Nosomial or hospital (hospital) - developing over 48 hours in connection with the stay of an adult in the hospital.

3. Aspiration - which is associated with the inhalation of foreign masses into the lungs (vomiting after surgery, loss of consciousness, trauma to the face, nasopharynx).

4. Pneumonia associated with an immunodeficiency state of a person (HIV-infected, cancer patient, drug addict, diabetic).

Stages of pneumonia in an adult and their symptoms

Pneumonia is divided into three stages according to the severity of the disease. Symptoms of the disease at each stage are different.

1. mild stage, in which mild intoxication, fever, tachycardia, shortness of breath;

2. for the middle stage of pneumonia in adults, signs of weakness, dry or wet cough, moderate intoxication are characteristic;

3. with severe pneumonia, there is an increase in temperature up to 40 degrees, clouding of consciousness, shortness of breath, tachycardia more than 100 beats per minute.

When pneumonia is in the tide stage, there is a deterioration in well-being in the form of chills, headaches, fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, and acute pain in the chest area. By the end of the tide stage, a cough appears with the release of "rusty" sputum and herpes.

When the disease is at the stage of compaction, sputum with purulent content of sputum comes out during coughing, shortness of breath increases, severe pain in the chest during a coughing fit and inhalation, high body temperature, and nervous excitement and icterus of the sclera are also observed.

When the disease is at the final stage of resolution, then normalization of temperature is observed, chest pain and shortness of breath disappear, sputum is not significant, and health improves.

How to treat pneumonia in an adult with traditional methods?

Treatment of the disease is prescribed when the diagnosis is precisely established. And only after that, qualified treatment is prescribed. The first step (in treatment) is to remove the focal inflammation. In this case, a course of antibiotics is prescribed. The second step is to lower the body temperature, relieve the exacerbation of coughing and organize care for a sick person. Remember that pneumonia is a serious disease. To reduce elevated body temperature (if above 39 degrees), antipyretic drugs are prescribed. Assign mucolytic agents for better separation of sputum. Particular attention should be paid to general intoxication manifestations, sputum output, disappearance of the infiltrate. It is necessary to conduct an x-ray examination when establishing the inflammatory process. In medical practice, there are pneumonias with altered immunological reactivity, especially in military hospitals. Pneumonia in adults is characterized by an atypical onset and presents certain difficulties in treatment, since the body does not respond to pathogens.

Treatment of the disease of moderate and severe course is carried out in a hospital. Assign an easily digestible, high-calorie diet with a high content of proteins and vitamins. Preferred ward mode.

How to treat pneumonia in a hospital?

A person with pneumonia often needs hospital treatment. In this case, the doctor prescribes strong painkillers to alleviate pain that occurs in the chest area when breathing and coughing, or as a result of pleurisy. Physical therapy is designed to help relieve sputum, which is often rusty in color.

If the patient is hospitalized, then he is prescribed treatment in the form of an intravenous infusion of antibiotics (droppers), so that in this case a strict dosage is maintained. Oxygen may also be given, either through a special mask or through thin hollow tubes inserted into the nostrils. This makes it easier to breathe and ensures that all body tissues are adequately supplied with oxygen. In addition, the patient's temperature and pulse rate are regularly recorded.

When the acute form of the disease is under constant control, antibiotics can be taken in the form of tablets. It is very important to ensure that the course of treatment for pneumonia is carried out to the end in order to prevent the occurrence of possible complications.

Also, a regular examination of his breathing is done and all improvements and deteriorations in this process are accurately recorded. With the help of a blood test, the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide present in it, as well as the presence in the body of the patient of the bacteria that caused pneumonia, is determined.

What drugs to cure pneumonia?

When a symptom of pneumonia is detected, treatment is usually aimed at localizing the inflammatory process of the disease. Eriotropic treatment is used, in which broad-spectrum antibiotics are primarily prescribed. After receiving laboratory tests (sowing on the flora and sensitivity), the treatment of pneumonia is corrected.

Pathogenic treatment consists in improving the secretion of sputum from the bronchial tree by taking the mucolytics Bromhexine, Mukaltin, ACC) and bronchodilators (Berodual, Atrovent, Teopec, Eufillin). After passing the course of treatment for pneumonia, breathing improves, the infection is localized.

Symptomatic therapy includes antipyretic drugs. In the absence of contraindications, breathing exercises and physiotherapy are prescribed.

Antibacterial therapy is carried out taking into account the results of microscopic studies. If culture and microscopy are not performed or are indicative, then antibiotic therapy is selected based on the patient's age, epidemiological factors, and disease severity. Treatment of pneumonia should be carried out in accordance with the concept of "step therapy", which assumes a two-stage use of antibacterial drugs: a transition from parenteral to non-parenteral route (usually oral) administration of antibiotics is carried out as soon as possible (subject to normal temperature, positive clinical, laboratory and radiological dynamics).

In viral pneumonia (influenza viruses A, B), the drugs of choice are zanamivir, oseltamivir (therapy should be started no later than 48 hours from the onset of symptoms). Alternative drugs for influenza A are Remantadine or Amantadine. For community-acquired pneumonia, the drug of choice is Azithromycin (Clarithromycin). Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin) are used orally. Alternative drugs are second-generation cephalosporins or "protected" penicillins (Amoxicillin Clavulanate or Doxycycline). Finally, for community-acquired hospitalized pneumonia, fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin), which are administered parenterally, are the drugs of choice.

Third-generation cephalosporins (Ceftriaxone, cefoperazone) are administered intravenously, in especially severe cases, parenteral use of carbapenems (meronem) or fourth-generation cephalosporins (Cefepime) is indicated.

In patients with "atypical" (including those caused by Legionella pneumonia) pneumonia, the use of macrolide antibiotics is indicated. For the treatment of pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeroginosa, combination antibiotic therapy is used ("protected" penicillins, Tazozyme and Gentamicin, Fluoroquinolone and Carbapenem, or fourth-generation Cephalosporin with an antibiotic from another group to which Pseudomonas aeroginosa is sensitive). Improvement in the elimination of secretions from the lower respiratory tract is achieved with the help of physiotherapeutic procedures and by prescribing mucolytic drugs. Carbocysteine ​​derivatives normalize the rheological properties of the secretion, its viscosity and elasticity, the secretory function of the glandular cells of the respiratory tract, the ratio of sialomucins and fucomucins, and accelerate mucociliary transport.

Bromhexine derivatives improve the drainage function of the lungs, increase the secretion of glycoproteins (mucokinetic action), increase the motor activity of the cilia of the ciliated epithelium, stimulate the synthesis of surfactant and prevent its decay.

Detoxification therapy: plentiful warm drink, if necessary - intravenous fluid (polarizing solution, Hemodez). Symptomatic therapy:

1. antipyretic drugs;

2. drugs that suppress irritant cough (antitussives), bronchodilators, antihistamines;

3. agents that modulate general and local immunity,

4. B vitamins, ascorbic acid,

5. analgesics for pain.

In the treatment of severe or complicated cases of pneumonia, microcirculatory disorders and dysproteinemia are corrected, oxygen therapy, glucocorticoid, antioxidant therapy, etc. are performed. depending on the clinical course of the disease.

Until now, Ampicillin in combination with clavuanic acid has been used to treat pneumonia. However, in practice, a high resistance to this type of antibiotics has been proven. A severe course of the disease requires hospitalization and the appointment of cephalosporins or Ampiox with Synthomycin. Check treatment after 3 days.

How to treat home remedies for pneumonia?

Most people with pneumonia (up to eighty percent) can be treated at home. The patient needs to organize appropriate care, appropriate assistance. This is done in order to improve the effectiveness of the treatment of pneumonia in adults and speed up his recovery. As with most diseases, the patient's diet should include as many vegetables and fruits as possible. Eat fatty foods and indigestible foods as little as possible. The patient is recommended to drink plenty of warm water.

1. Firstly, the fluid in pneumonia helps to expel sputum.

2. Secondly, it prevents dehydration of the body during elevated body temperature.

3. You can drink: milk, alkaline mineral water, juices. A person with pneumonia needs complete rest and bed rest.

4. A positive result will give therapeutic exercises. It can speed up a person's recovery. It must be done from the first day. From the second day of illness, it is necessary to carry out breathing exercises (lying in bed). Also, during illness, it is necessary to perform inclinations (forward, to the sides), rotate the body. These exercises are good for the chest.

5. Treatment with antibiotics is strictly individual. To prescribe antibiotics, it is necessary to establish the degree of development of the disease, determine at what stage the disease is, and what form of pneumonia. The prescription of antibiotics also depends on the correct diagnosis. The duration of treatment for pneumonia is also strictly individual.

6. Give up smoking, go in for sports, change your diet so that this disease will pass you.

Causes and prevention of pneumonia in an adult

Typical causative agents of primary community-acquired pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamidia pneumoniae. In 20-30% of patients, it is not possible to establish the etiology of the disease. Some microorganisms are normally rarely found in the microflora of the upper respiratory tract and can cause the development of pneumonia in people of older age groups with concomitant severe chronic diseases of other organs and systems.

Acute respiratory viral infections, primarily influenza, are certainly the main risk factor for the development of the disease, however, according to most scientists, they rarely cause pneumonia in adults. At the same time, viruses can cause pneumonia in young children.

In secondary (hospital) pneumonia in adults, the role of gram-negative microorganisms and opportunistic flora is great: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Legionella pneumoniae. The etiology of aspiration pneumonia is characterized by the participation of non-clostridial anaerobes (Bacteroides spp., Micoplasma spp., Candida spp.), often in combination with aerobic gram-negative microflora (Hae-mophilus influenzae, Enterobacterio-ceae). In the development of the disease in persons with severe immunological disorders, cytomegalovirus infection, Pneumocystis cari-nii, pathogenic fungi, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, along with other microorganisms that occur in other pneumonias, are involved.

The causative agent of the disease is epithelial dysfunction and impaired mucociliary clearance. Thus, pathogens search for the receptor field, adhere to it, and colonize. The use of antibiotics gives results only at the stage of colonization of microorganisms.

Mucociliary transport is a major lung defense factor that is impaired in acute pneumonia. Violation of pulmonary ventilation is an obligatory factor in acute pneumonia.

The age of the patient also influences the development of the disease. The disease also depends on the time of year, most often a high percentage of the disease occurs in cold weather, a severe course of the disease is observed in people who come from regions of the far north. Chlamydia pneumonia, which affects young people, plays an important role in the disease. The main causative agents of pneumonia: streptococci in winter, mycoplasma in autumn, legionella in summer. The advantage is headed by streptococcus, the etiology of the disease has not yet been established.

According to the European Society of Pulmonology, pneumonia does not include diseases of the lung tissue of a non-infectious nature; caused by physical, chemical factors; having an allergic or vascular origin; caused by highly contagious infectious agents (plague, measles, rubella, typhoid, influenza; such diseases are considered under the relevant infectious disease); diseases caused by a viral infection (primarily with influenza).

Prevention of pneumonia in adults

In the future, it is necessary to harden and observe general sanitary and hygienic factors (do not smoke, avoid dust, ventilate rooms or offices, good nutrition, and much more). Be careful about your health! Take care of yourself!

In medicine, the term pneumonia is understood as an acute infectious disease, predominantly of bacterial etiology, with focal lesions of the respiratory sections of the lungs and the obligatory presence of intraalveolar exudation, detected during physical and / or instrumental examination, general inflammatory and toxic changes.

Inflammation of the lungs: the main measures of treatment at home

Inflammation of the lungs or pneumonia is a rather serious and dangerous disease. It has an infectious nature, with improper treatment or lack of it, it can lead to serious complications, even death, and, of course, requires consultation with a doctor during the treatment process.

Pneumonia in children and people over 65 requires mandatory hospitalization. If you refused to go to the hospital and plan to be treated at home, then you need to know some rules that will help you successfully cope with this disease.

Home treatment for pneumonia in adults lasts approximately 10-14 days, the severe form will require at least 21 days of treatment. The situation is similar with the treatment of children. A consultation with a doctor is still necessary, due to the fact that pneumonia requires complex treatment, primarily with antibiotics, which, taking into account your condition, age, individual sensitivity to drugs, the pathogen that caused the inflammation, can only be selected correctly by a specialist.

How to treat pneumonia at home folk remedies

Folk remedies are very effective as an additional treatment for pneumonia at home, and we will dwell on them in more detail.

1. Bed rest, regular airing of the room.
2. Clearing the airways of mucus. This is a very important aspect that contributes to a speedy recovery.

   The main remedy applicable at home is inhalation with inflammation of the lungs. In this case, you can use either a special inhaler purchased at a pharmacy, or use a saucepan or kettle, making a paper funnel on it.

   Inhalations with a decoction of eucalyptus leaves, sage, mint, chamomile, calendula, and essential oils are very effective. You can alternate them with saline-alkaline inhalations (salt and soda in equal proportions).

   Important

   However, inhalations should be used with caution: they are not recommended at high temperatures and the presence of cardiovascular diseases.

   For expectoration use black radish juice with honey, onion juice with sugar.

3. To relieve symptoms of intoxication (which often accompanies pneumonia) are well suited rosehip tea, coltsfoot decoction(2 tablespoons of leaves per glass of water).
4. 
   Mustard plasters for pneumonia and cans- their use contributes to the heating of tissues, the resorption of inflammatory processes, and the strengthening of the protective mechanisms of the immune system. However, it should be remembered that their use is contraindicated at high temperatures and during the day after its normalization, skin diseases, oncology, pregnancy.
5. Breathing exercises- it is necessary during bed rest to prevent a decrease in lung function. It needs to be done from the moment the temperature drops and can be done right in bed. The easiest and most effective way is to use an inflatable toy.

   A good addition would be a massage.(nose area, thoracic region). Massage for pneumonia does not require special training, and any of the members of the patient's family can do it: it is necessary to do stroking, rubbing the chest (immediately the front part from the bottom up, then from the back for 10-15 minutes daily, starting from 4-5 days after the start of treatment (i.e. when the acute period of inflammation has already passed).

6. A very important component of successful treatment is the observance of the correct diet for pneumonia, water balance.
   • A prerequisite is the use of a large amount of fluid (at least two liters per day). This helps to eliminate toxic substances from the body.
   • Decoctions of medicinal plants (coltsfoot, chamomile, oregano, black elderberry, plantain leaves, pine buds) and their use as tea will be useful.
   • Food should be light, dietary. This is due to the fact that the body spends a lot of energy during the period of illness to fight the pathogen, and the digestion of high-calorie foods is additional energy consumption.

   How to treat pneumonia at the initial stage? The initial stage of the disease is often accompanied by a decrease in appetite. This is normal, do not over-stuff the patient, force him to eat. During such periods, it is best to limit yourself to fruits, freshly squeezed juices, compotes, at the initial stages of recovery, you can add chicken broths, light soups, sour-milk products, boiled meat or fish, and vegetables to the diet. It is better to eat more often, but little by little.

   Important

   It is better to exclude such foods as salt, sugar, fatty meat and dairy products from the diet until the moment of recovery, avoid fried foods, bakery and confectionery products, hot sauces.

   You should also take care of the intestinal microflora during antibiotic treatment and consume fermented milk products - kefir, yogurt.

7. Oral hygiene.
8. The use of antipyretics.

   You should know that viruses in the body die precisely at high temperatures (above 38 degrees), so antipyretic drugs should be given to patients only if the fever is poorly tolerated, in other cases it is better to be patient - this is a guarantee of a speedy recovery. Antipyretics, like antibiotics, should be taken as prescribed by a doctor.

9. Do no harm.

   A serious obstacle to a successful recovery can be the erroneous opinion that with inflammation of the lungs, you need to take a good steam. Under no circumstances should this be done. Elevated body temperature is in itself a great test for the cardiovascular system, so you should not create additional stress for it.

Also, during an illness with pneumonia, you can not smoke, drink alcohol, carry the disease on your feet, take a bath, shower in the presence of temperature.

It is not good during the treatment period for the patient to have heat and stuffiness in the room, dry air, dust - all this contributes to the drying of sputum and prevents the body from fighting the infection.

Thus, in order to cope with pneumonia at home, it is necessary to consult a doctor in time, take antibiotics prescribed by him, provide the patient with bed rest, proper care, diet and drink plenty of water, carefully monitor his condition in order to prevent complications.

Treatment of pneumonia in adults: principles and drugs

Pneumonia is the development of inflammatory changes in the lung tissue. This is due to the entry of microbes into them (mainly bacteria, but there may also be viruses and fungi) in various ways. The danger of pneumonia is that in this case, a more or less extensive area of ​​the lung is turned off from the gas exchange process, which reduces the delivery of oxygen to the tissues. In addition, the body is poisoned by products of inflammation and destruction of the lung parenchyma.

Inflammation of the lungs can develop:

In community settings (such pneumonia is called "community-acquired");

In a person being treated in a hospital for any other disease;

Arising from neurological disorders (convulsions, loss of consciousness), as a result of which the contents from the stomach entered the respiratory tract (aspiration pneumonia);

In people with reduced immune defenses.

Depending on which of the four types is observed in this case, as well as taking into account age and the presence of chronic diseases, treatment of pneumonia in adults is prescribed.

How does a microbe get into the lungs?

1) By the bronchi:

When an aerosol enters them, densely seeded with pathogenic microbes. This is more typical for tuberculous or viral pneumonia;

By inhalation of the contents of one's own mouth and throat. This process almost always occurs during deep sleep, and is exacerbated by the use of sleeping pills or alcohol. Normally, the local immune defense of the lungs works, but when it is weakened by the action of the virus, when there are too many microbes or they are very aggressive, pneumonia occurs.

2) Through the blood from another focus of inflammation. For example, from bone - with osteomyelitis, from heart valves - with endocarditis.

3) By contact:

When pus enters from a neighboring organ, for example, with a liver abscess;

With a penetrating wound of the chest.

Principles for the treatment of pneumonia in adults

If the diagnosis of "pneumonia" is established, this involves the appointment of one or two antibiotics, since even if the cause was a virus (for example, the influenza virus), the bacterial flora joins in any case.

In theory, the antibiotic should have been prescribed after the microbe-causative agent of inflammation has been identified, and its sensitivity to drugs has been obtained. But this requires obligatory coughing up of sputum, which not every patient can do, as well as a 4-5-day wait for the result, which is unacceptable. Loss of time can lead to the death of the patient. Therefore, antibiotics are prescribed empirically, preferably after a person has given sputum for bacteriological examination, but on the same day and preferably at the same hour as the diagnosis was made (there is evidence that the loss of even 4 hours of time significantly worsens the prognosis).

Treatment of pneumonia in adults is based on the following criteria:

1. Type of pneumonia: community-acquired, hospital-acquired, or other.
2. The volume of lung tissue damage: segmental, lobar, polysegmental, one- or two-sided.
3. The patient's condition: his general well-being, shortness of breath, blood pressure level, degree of blood oxygen saturation are taken into account.
4. Age.
5. The presence of concomitant pathology of the heart, lungs (for example, chronic bronchitis), kidneys.

Treatment is carried out at home or in a hospital in the department of internal medicine or pulmonology. Sometimes hospitalization in the intensive care unit is required.

Pneumonia: diagnosis

The classic symptoms of pneumonia are high (above 38 ° C) temperature, cough with sputum, deterioration in general condition (weakness, drowsiness, loss of appetite). But now often there are pneumonia with an atypical course. Against the background of a high or not very elevated temperature, diarrhea or impaired consciousness, delirium, hallucinations may appear. In this case, the cough may not be at all.

Therefore, the standard of diagnosis is an x-ray of the lungs, and computed tomography may also be needed.

Treatment of pneumonia in adults with antibiotics

The following antibiotics are used for treatment: Amoxiclav, Cefix, Sumamed, Levofloxacin, Avelox. They are prescribed in tablets, often a combination is used. For example, with a course of moderate severity, such a complex of drugs can be prescribed: Sumamed plus Avelox or Leflox. If the disease was caused by Klebsiella, pneumonia is treated in a hospital. In this case, intravenous and intramuscular drugs are prescribed, such as Amikacin, Gentamicin, together with Leflocin or Tavanic medicines.

How long does it take to treat pneumonia?

Many are interested in the topical question: how and how much is pneumonia treated? A disease such as pneumonia is also called pneumonia. This disease is of an infectious nature, and the lesion in this case concerns the lung tissue.

It can be noted that this disease is really serious and dangerous. According to statistics, about 5-6% of people with pneumonia die.

What are the symptoms of this disease

The problem of the symptoms of pneumonia lies in the similarity of the symptoms of pneumonia with other diseases, such as, for example, acute respiratory infections or bronchitis. Therefore, knowledge of the main symptoms to determine the onset of pneumonia is simply necessary. These symptoms include:

• • the appearance of shortness of breath (is a constant sign of pneumonia);
  • elevated body temperature (which indicates that inflammation has begun and the body of a sick person with pneumonia is exposed to intoxication);
  • the appearance of a cough with sputum (this sign appears with pneumonia almost always);
  • pain in the chest (especially on the side);
  • deterioration in the general condition of the patient, which can be severe or moderate.

  According to these signs, you can independently note the symptoms of pneumonia, however, in order to correctly diagnose and begin to treat the disease, you need to go to the clinic, where to accurately determine inflammation, the chest is tapped by a doctor, an x-ray is taken to view the condition of the lungs, and special tests are also prescribed.

Treatment of pneumonia with symptomatic and pathogenetic methods

The symptomatic method of treating pneumonia is used to eliminate and alleviate the main symptoms of the disease. With this type of treatment, the means necessary to lower the fever are usually prescribed, and the use of mucolytic drugs is also possible. Patients with pneumonia need to reduce the temperature only when there is really an urgent need for this, that is, at a temperature that has risen above 39 degrees (in adults), or when the patient is in serious condition.

To remove sputum from the bronchi, mucolytic drugs are usually used. In addition, some mucolytic agents have the ability to increase the activity of antibiotics taken, which is important in the treatment of pneumonia. Reception of mucolytics such as Ambroxol, ACC or Carbocisteine ​​has an auxiliary effect against pneumonia, while the dosage and time of taking these drugs are prescribed by the attending physician.

The mainstay of therapy for pneumonia is the treatment of pneumonia with antibiotics. The execution of the gas exchange function in the body is assigned to the lung tissue. Air enters tissues and organs through a complex system of tubes of different diameters and overcoming the alveolocapillary barrier.

Bacteria and viruses affect and infect the alveolar tissue when the lung tissue is inflamed. Therefore, there is an accumulation of infiltrative fluid in the lumen of the acini. This hinders the gas exchange process, as a result of which a part of the tissue falls out of the respiratory process.

Pathogenetic is a treatment aimed at eliminating those changes in the airways that provoked pneumonia.

There are several types of the disease, which are classified in connection with the size of the pathological foci:

• focal (the process occurs in one or affects several alveoli);
• segmental (there is a defeat of the whole segment, which in its composition has a large number of alveolar lobes);
• lobar (in this case, the inflammatory process of the whole lung lobe occurs);
• croupous (completely affected lung fields on both sides).

All of these forms involve specific changes in lung tissue.

How long does it take to treat pneumonia

Treatment of pneumonia can be carried out both in medical institutions and at home. In this disease, it is necessary to assess the severity of pneumonia. This is the determining factor in order to predict the duration of treatment, prescribe the right drugs. Therefore, the period during which a patient with pneumonia will be treated in a hospital hospital is determined precisely by the severity of his disease.

There are many factors that can be the basis for the hospitalization of a patient. For example, patients are hospitalized who for some reason are unable to take medications as required by the schemes and schedule for the treatment of pneumonia. Before a patient is hospitalized, the severity of pneumonia is usually determined, for which an x-ray of the chest of a patient suffering from pneumonia is performed.

Immediately after the radiography, the difference in physiological indications is considered, that is, the pressure, the state of the pulse and the respiratory rate of the patient are checked. If there is an acute impairment of consciousness, hypoxemia, there is an infection that accompanies the disease (such an infection may be symptoms of meningitis or endocarditis), or if there are suspicions of concomitant diseases of the heart, liver, then the patient is required to be hospitalized. Tumor formations also belong to the listed factors.

The duration of the total period of hospitalization is affected by the form of the disease, the correctness of the selected drug and how the body of a patient with pneumonia reacts to the prescribed medications. On average, in the normal course of the disease, if the treatment is given due attention, and with therapy that successfully helps recovery, the length of time that the patient spends in the hospital room is two to four days. But, nevertheless, under some circumstances, the attending physician may not stop hospitalization in order to continue monitoring the course of the disease and to treat pneumonia with a more intensive course.

In mild forms of pneumonia, the patient usually stays in the hospital for no more than two days, after which he is discharged home on the third day and can continue to be treated on his own there. As for the forms of pneumonia, which are considered to be complicated, their treatment can be much longer, about nine to ten days.

The disease is treated taking into account the type of pneumonia and the initial cause of the formation of the disease.

Prevention of pneumonia

In therapy, antibacterial drugs are mainly used, which are issued in accordance with the age of the patient and his condition. If pneumonia does not take a complicated form, and the treatment was carried out correctly and with the most appropriate drugs, then the prognosis for the treatment of pneumonia is usually quite favorable. Most often, in patients with pneumonia, complete recovery occurs within three weeks, sometimes within a month.

In order to prevent a disease such as pneumonia, or, more simply, to prevent pneumonia, medical specialists usually recommend hardening the body in various ways, stop drinking alcohol and stop smoking tobacco products.

In addition, it is desirable to frequently ventilate the rooms in which a lot of time is spent, that is, the office and rooms in the house. It is necessary to carefully monitor the diet, which must be balanced, and lead a healthy lifestyle. Sport is also a good preventive measure to strengthen the immune system and prevent pneumonia.

You can treat pneumonia at home if you follow all the recommendations of doctors.

Inflammation of the lungs is divided depending on the prevalence into: focal, segmental, lobar and total. The last two forms of the disease are treated only in stationary conditions, since at home it is impossible to create comfortable conditions for the patient and connect breathing equipment.

Focal and segmental inflammation of the lungs is treated even by therapists, subject to constant dynamic control by radiography. It is for these types of pathology that the following recommendations have been developed.

You can treat pneumonia at home based on folk recipes that have been tested for centuries and have shown their effectiveness. Doctors do not prohibit their use, but advise using "grandmother's medicines" along with antibacterial drugs and symptomatic agents recommended by a specialist for the treatment of inflammatory changes in the lung tissue.

Folk recipes for pneumonia:

1. A decoction of raisins is prepared as follows: ½ cup of raisins is crushed in a meat grinder and added to a glass of boiling water. Then the mixture is simmered on fire for 10 minutes. After turning off, let the solution cool and then strain. To cure pneumonia, you need to take a decoction 3 times a day for 2 weeks;
2. A decoction of figs strengthens the immune system, so it helps to cope with viral pneumonia. For its preparation: several dried berries are poured with water and steamed over a fire for 15 minutes. Drink should be taken before meals;
3. Chamomile extract has an anti-inflammatory effect. To prepare it, you should take a few leaves, grind and add to vodka. After insisting for a week, the product is ready for use, 1-2 tablespoons after meals.

With the help of these infusions and decoctions, the treatment of pneumonia at home can only be carried out in combination with pharmaceuticals.

• Watch the calorie content of food. Remove carbohydrate-containing foods from the diet (cake, sweets, chocolate and buns);
• Fats are difficult to digest and therefore require energy. Against the background of inflammatory diseases, the energy reserves of the body are reduced, so the use of fatty foods is not recommended;
• Vitamins and microelements are actively used in neutralization reactions of pathogens (bacteria and viruses), so enrich your food with natural fruits and vegetables;
• The high fluid content in the blood neutralizes toxic substances and increases sputum production. Drink at least 2 liters of fluid per day. Doctors recommend alkaline mineral waters, but you can also drink milk and fruit juices;
• The recommendations of some doctors regarding physiotherapy exercises are interesting. It is believed that it can cure pneumonia faster than antibiotics. The opinion is controversial, since the second part of pulmonologists advise bed rest and no movements in case of illness;
• You can not sleep on a sore side, as this increases the risk of pleural bands that impede the functionality of the lungs.

Antibacterial agents for pneumonia are not only possible to drink, but also necessary. There are no other drugs that can quickly eliminate the etiological factor of pathology - bacteria and viruses.

What antibiotics to take for pneumonia:

• If the disease occurs in people younger than 50 years of age and there are no comorbidities, penicillins and macrolides are an option. Drugs are taken at home, but strictly on the recommendation of a doctor;
• The second group - patients over 50 years of age with secondary diseases: diabetes mellitus, mental disorders, renal failure and chronic alcoholism. For therapeutic purposes, this category of patients take drugs from the aminopenicillin group, as well as cephalosporins of the 3rd generation. Due to the severity of the disease in these patients, contamination of pathogens (presence of several species together) is possible;
• Croupous pneumonia (with damage to both lungs) is treated with fluoroquinolones, but only in stationary conditions, since respiratory failure requires artificial ventilation.

Typical signs of inflammatory changes in the lungs are:

• Dyspnea;
• Cough;
• Temperature increase;
• Blueness of the skin;
• Increased blood pressure and/or accelerated heart rate.

In the presence of shortness of breath (respiratory rate more than 30 per minute), the disease should be treated only in a medical facility. Dangerous symptoms are also:

• Blueness of the skin;
• Body temperature over 39 degrees;
• Accelerated pulse more than 90 beats per minute;
• Decreased blood pressure less than 100/60 mmHg.

In the presence of the above signs, the disease can be effectively cured only in a hospital setting. Therapy of such a pathology at home will lead without medical supervision to serious complications and even death.

The average duration of therapy for uncomplicated pathology is about 4 weeks. The specific legionella form is treated on average for about 3 weeks.

Tactics at home

With the accumulation of experience regarding the causes and symptoms of the disease, approaches to its treatment have changed. At all times, the tactics of managing the patient at home remained unchanged.

It involves bed rest, daily observation of the patient by a doctor and dynamic monitoring of his condition with the help of laboratory tests, as well as x-rays of the chest organs in frontal and lateral projections.

With pneumonia, the patient must observe a sparing regimen, otherwise it will be difficult to cure inflammatory changes in the lungs. To mobilize to fight infection, the body uses all the possibilities, including energy ones. When performing physical work and movements, calories are expended that could be used to neutralize the pathogen.

You can not arbitrarily stop drinking antibiotics, even if the condition has improved. Relief on the background of taking antibacterial agents occurs due to the cessation of reproduction of the pathogen. This does not mean that it is completely eliminated from the body.

If a person stops taking the medicine, the effective dose of the active ingredient in the blood is reduced and the microorganisms are given the opportunity to multiply again. According to this mechanism, chronic infections develop, which cannot be effectively cured.

The affected lung tissue is very sensitive to further damage. As a result, after the treatment of pneumonia, various complications are often observed:

• Bronchitis;
• Tracheitis;
• Pleurisy;
• sinusitis;
• Tuberculosis;
• lung abscess;
• Pneumothorax.

They could have been avoided if the course of antibacterial treatment had been sustained by the person to the end.

Therapy of pneumonia at home requires an attentive attitude towards the person from those around and close people. First of all, you need to organize proper care. It requires careful attention to the person. If you notice any changes in the patient's health, you should immediately consult a doctor. Pneumonia is a life-threatening pathology that is no joke.

The room should have clean air, so it is recommended to ventilate it at least 3 times a day.

Doctors do not recommend the use of cans and mustard plasters at home, but in folk medicine these remedies are often used. This is due to the fact that the local irritating effect of the back receptors leads to an increase in the respiratory function of the lung tissue. Warming up the diseased half of the chest with a woolen cloth or anti-inflammatory compresses has a similar property.

At high temperatures, you can lubricate the back and face with alcohol. To prevent the attachment of a bacterial infection to existing foci of inflammation in the lung tissue, it is necessary to monitor oral hygiene: lubricate the mucous membranes with 1% hydrogen peroxide.

What you need to do to cure pneumonia at home:

1. Observe the time of taking and dosage of the medicine prescribed by the doctor;
2. Drink plenty of fluids;
3. Constantly monitor the state;
4. Maintain oral hygiene.

Special recovery diet

The main feature of diets for pneumonia is that it should be easily digestible. This approach is due to the high energy costs of the immune system aimed at eliminating the pathogen. As a result, there may not be enough calories to digest fats, so there will be disturbances in the activity of the gastrointestinal tract.

In the initial stages of the disease, the patient loses his appetite, which is due to the presence in the blood of toxic products resulting from the breakdown of tissues. You should not force yourself to take food in such a situation. Eat natural vegetables and fruits that will provide vitamins and minerals.

The diet expands when there is an appetite. During this period, chicken broths and light soups are allowed.

At all stages of treatment, you should drink plenty of fluids to "dilute" the toxins in the blood. It is useful to consume tea with raspberries, milk with soda.

Thus, despite the fact that doctors treat pneumonia in a hospital setting, competent treatment of the disease can be done at home. However, one should not think that it is enough to lie down for a few weeks and everything will pass by itself. Such an opinion is fraught not only with disability, but also with death. There is no joke with pneumonia, which is why doctors send patients to pulmonology hospitals.

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The presence of pneumonia in adults is said to be in the case when acute infectious processes of an inflammatory nature occur in the tissues of the lungs or parenchyma. More often the pathology is observed in childhood. The main factor conducive to its development is the increased functionality of the lungs, especially in cold seasons or in polluted conditions. The causative agent of the disease are pathogenic microorganisms that penetrate the body with reduced immunity and negatively affect lung tissue.

Symptoms of the disease and principles of home treatment

The following signs indicate the development of the disease:

• Heat. When reaching a mark of 39 degrees or more, the victim is required to be placed in a hospital.
• The development of shortness of breath and cough, while hospitalization is required at a respiratory rate of more than 30 times / minute.
• An increase in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate.
• The acquisition of a bluish tint by the skin, which also requires observation in a hospital.

The need for hospitalization is also indicated by changes in the tissues of the organ that occur at a high speed, the development of renal failure, and septic shock. In cases where there are no threatening signs, it is quite possible to treat pneumonia at home. This will require compliance with certain rules:

• The first rule is peace and comfort provided for the patient. On the first day of the development of the disease, strict bed rest is necessary, and in the future it is better not to neglect this measure.
• If breathing is difficult, the patient can be in a semi-sitting position, leaning on high pillows.
• A constant supply of fresh air is another condition for treating pneumonia at home, since when breathing, the victim releases many pathogenic microbes. If you do not get rid of them, treating pneumonia at home will not only be ineffective, but also dangerous, given the high risk of infecting other family members.
• There is no need for a special diet for pneumonia. However, served meals should be easily digestible and warm, contain a large amount of vitamins, useful microelements. The menu should include fresh fruits, vegetables, natural juices, sour-milk dishes, boiled meat and soft broths. To simplify the digestive processes, food should be crushed before serving.
• It is impossible to properly treat pneumonia at home without observing a competent drinking regimen. Drinking should be plentiful, it should be taken often, in small portions, between meals. In addition to purified water, the patient should be given fruit drinks, natural juices and herbal decoctions, non-carbonated mineral water, tea with lemon. Adding a large amount of sugar is undesirable in order to avoid fermentation processes in the stomach.

Treatment with pharmaceuticals

The choice of pharmaceuticals in the treatment of pneumonia at home is carried out by the attending physician.

In this case, it is mandatory to use antimicrobial drugs that inhibit the development of pathogens.

When prescribing drugs, information about the causative agent of the pathology, the severity of the course of the disease, the individual data of the patient - the age category, the presence of individual intolerance, and the physiological state are taken into account. Most often, the list of drugs for pneumonia includes:

• Aminopenicillins, including Ampicillin or Ampiox, second-generation cephalosporins, including Cefuroxine Axetil.
• Macrolides can be used - Erythromycin, Spiramycin and others, no less effective than ampicillins.
• Respiratory fluoroquinolones are prescribed - Moxifloxacin or Levofloxacin.

It is better to treat the disease at home with the use of oral antimicrobials. In this case, the course of treatment cannot be interrupted even if there is an improvement.. Such an error can contribute to the flow of pathology into the chronic and lead to the development of complications - abscesses, pleurisy and meningitis, gangrene, myocarditis and glomerulonephritis, acute respiratory failure.

Also, auxiliary agents can be prescribed for the treatment of pathology. Among them:

• Expectorants - Lazolvan or Bromhexine, they dilute sputum and make breathing easier.
• Heparin is prescribed to improve blood flow to the affected organ. It also helps to reduce swelling of the bronchial mucosa, improves the drainage activity of the bronchi.
• To get rid of negative symptoms, anti-inflammatory drugs and antihistamines can be prescribed.

In addition to pharmaceuticals, vacuum massage, special breathing exercises, and physiotherapy exercises help to improve the patient's condition. In addition, it is necessary to abandon the use of nicotine and drinks containing alcohol. After normalization of the condition, physiotherapy is applied - mustard plasters, compresses are used, chest massage is performed.

Application of traditional medicine recipes

Folk recipes, no matter how effective they may seem, can only complement the treatment of pneumonia at home.

The use of funds can be external and internal. In the first case apply:

• Vinegar compresses are used to relieve high temperatures.. A soft cloth is moistened with vinegar, the legs are wrapped around it, and material for insulation is placed on top.
• If there is no temperature, medical cups are used. They must be applied to the area of ​​the affected organs both from the back and chest. The duration of the procedure is from 10 to 15 minutes.
• A warm compress is applied to the chest. Batting, cut out as a wide belt, is moistened in cool temperature water, laid on the lung area, compress paper or film is placed on top, followed by another layer of batting, larger in size. Instead of the bottom layer, you can use soft cottage cheese, applying it with a thickness of about 2 cm.
• If there is no high temperature, put mustard plasters or take a mustard bath.

The following remedies, while treating pneumonia at home, are taken orally.

Pneumonia (pneumonia) is an acute pathological condition that leads to infectious and inflammatory processes in the lower respiratory tract (alveoli, bronchioles). The disease can develop at any age, more often affects patients with weakened immune systems. It is necessary to treat pneumonia in adults under the supervision of a specialist, using effective drugs. An independent choice of medicines is unacceptable - illiterately conducted therapy is fraught with the development of severe complications and even death of the patient.

Reasons for the development of the disease

The main reason for the development of pneumonia is the activation of bacteria in the human body:

1. Pneumococci (in 40-60% of cases).
2. Haemophilus influenzae (5-7%).
3. Enterobacteria, mycoplasmas (6%).
4. Staphylococci (up to 5%).
5. Streptococci (2.5-5%).
6. E. coli, Legionella, Proteus (from 1.5 to 4%).

Less commonly, pathology is caused by chlamydia, influenza viruses, papainfluenza, herpes, adenoviruses, fungal infections.

Factors that increase the risk of developing pneumonia in adults are weakened immunity, frequent stress, malnutrition associated with insufficient consumption of fruits, vegetables, fresh fish, lean meat. Frequent colds that create a focus of chronic infection, bad habits (smoking, alcoholism) are capable of provoking the disease.

Types of pneumonia

Depending on the etiology, pneumonia can be:

• viral;
• fungal;
• bacterial;
• mycoplasma;
• mixed.

The most common form of the disease is community-acquired pneumonia. Hospital (nosocomial) develops within 3 days of the patient's stay in the hospital. Aspiration can manifest itself as a result of the contents of the oral cavity, nasopharynx, and stomach entering the lower respiratory tract.

Depending on the nature of the pathology, it is classified as acute, chronic, atypical. By localization, pneumonia can be left-, right-sided, unilateral, bilateral. Severity - mild, moderate, severe.

Common symptoms for various types of pneumonia are dry cough, fever, weakness, pain in the sternum. As the disease progresses, the patient begins to experience anxiety associated with lack of air, feels pain in the muscles, increased fatigue. In some cases, there is cyanosis (blue) of the lips and nails.

Diagnosis of pneumonia

To make a diagnosis, a detailed examination of the patient is carried out. The specialist must resort to the following methods:

1. Listening to breathing with a stethoscope.
2. Measurement of body temperature.
3. X-ray of the chest organs.
4. Sputum analysis.
5. General and biochemical analysis of blood.

The basis of diagnosis for inflammation of the lungs is the patient's x-ray.. This type of examination is carried out mainly in a direct projection, sometimes in a lateral one. The method allows not only to establish a diagnosis and identify possible complications, but also to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy. It is for this reason that x-rays should be taken repeatedly during the treatment.

In addition to the listed diagnostic measures, it may be necessary to conduct computed tomography, bronchoscopy. In order to exclude the presence of lung cancer or tuberculosis, a study of the pleural fluid is performed.

Treatment of pneumonia with antibiotics

The basis of the treatment of pneumonia is antibiotic therapy. The choice of a specific drug depends on the type of causative agent of the pathology. Traditionally, pulmonologists prescribe the following types of drugs:

• natural and synthetic penicillins (in cases where the disease is caused by pneumococci, staphylococci);
• cephalosporins (against E. coli, gram-negative bacteria);
• tetracyclines, acting in the development of any infectious processes;
• macrolides that help to quickly cure pneumonia caused by mycoplasma;
• fluoroquinolones, aimed at combating bacterial pneumonia.

Antibiotics for pneumonia can only be prescribed by a doctor. They are taken at the same time of day, after an equal number of hours, strictly observing the dosage and duration of the course. In the first days of treatment, patients are mainly shown bed rest.

In the treatment of severe forms of pneumonia, carbapenems become effective. Patients may be prescribed drugs with such names as Tienam, Invanz, Akvapenem.

Penicillin preparations

The most commonly prescribed penicillins are:

1. Ampicillin.
2. Amoxicillin.
3. Amoxiclav.

Ampicillin is an anti-pneumonia drug that is predominantly given intramuscularly or intravenously. This method of administration allows you to accelerate the penetration of the active substance into the tissues and body fluids. Intramuscular injections are carried out every 4-6 hours, at the dosage prescribed by the doctor. For adults, a single dose is 0.25-0.5 g, daily - 1-3 g. In severe cases of the disease, it is increased to 10 g per day (maximum - no more than 14 g). The duration of the course is determined by the specialist individually.

Amoxicillin can be given as a tablet or injection. Inside the medicine is taken three times a day. Most often, adults are prescribed 500 mg of the drug at a time. With a complicated course of infection, it is recommended to drink 0.75-1 g of Amoxicillin 3 times in 24 hours. Intramuscularly injected 1 g of the antibiotic twice a day, intravenously - 2-13 g daily.

Amoxiclav contains 2 active ingredients - semi-synthetic penicillin amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Depending on the severity of the pathological process, adults are prescribed 250 (+125) -875 (+125) mg of the drug orally twice or thrice a day. 1.2 g (+200 mg) is administered intravenously at 6-8 hour intervals.

Intramuscular or intravenous administration of drugs to patients with pneumonia should be carried out under sterile conditions, by a competent health worker.

Medical treatment with cephalosporins

Of the cephalosporins, therapy is often carried out using:

• Cephalexin;
• Ceftriaxone;
• cefepima

Cefalexin is taken in tablets or capsules. The drug is drunk half an hour before meals, 0.25-0.5 g each, taking 6-hour breaks. With inflammation of the lungs, the medicine is taken four times a day.

Ceftriaxone is used in various ways - intramuscularly, by drip, intravenously. The daily dosage for adults is 1-2 g. In severe cases of the disease, it is increased to 4 g. Therapy with this antibiotic lasts from 5 to 14 days.

Cefepime is prescribed for intramuscular injections in the development of mild to moderate pneumonia. In this case, adults are shown the introduction of 0.5-1 g of the antibiotic at 12-hour intervals. If pneumonia is classified as severe, the dosage is increased to 2 g twice a day.

Tetracyclines and macrolides

Tetracyclines for pneumonia are used less often than penicillins and cephalosporins. This is due to their ability to accumulate in body tissues, as well as cause a considerable number of side effects.

For the treatment of pneumonia in adults, tetracycline or doxycycline is used. Tetracycline tablets are drunk four times a day, 0.5 g each. Therapy with this drug takes at least 7 days. Doxycycline may be given orally or intravenously. The maximum daily dosage of tablets (capsules) is 300-600 mg. No more than 300 mg of the antibiotic can be administered intravenously per day. The duration of therapy depends on the intensity of the inflammatory process.

Macrolides used in the treatment of pneumonia include:

1. Erythromycin.
2. Clarithromycin.
3. Sumamed.

Erythromycin is prescribed intravenously, 1-4 g per day, divided into 4 doses. The drug in tablets is taken 250 mg 4 times a day, with 6-hour breaks.

Clarithromycin is drunk at 250 mg-1 g twice within 24 hours. If the doctor considers it necessary to use the medicine intravenously, 500 mg of the antibiotic is administered twice a day.

Sumamed - pills for pneumonia, which are taken once a day. The average dose is 500 mg (1 tablet). With uncomplicated pneumonia, therapy with this drug lasts 3-5 days.

The principle of treatment with fluoroquinolones

The use of fluoroquinolones can effectively treat pneumonia caused by Escherichia coli or Legionella. This type of antibiotics is distinguished by the ability to penetrate deep into the affected tissues, does not cause resistance of pathogens.

Therapy for bacterial pneumonia in adults is often carried out with the appointment of:

• Ciprofloxacin (orally - 250-500 mg twice a day, intravenously - 200-400 mg twice within 24 hours);
• Ofloxacin (200-800 mg 2 times a day).

The duration of the treatment course is determined in each case individually. On average, therapy lasts 1-2 weeks.

Side effects of antibiotics and common contraindications

Antibiotic treatment can provoke side effects in the form of digestive disorders, neurotoxic reactions, vaginal candidiasis, allergic reactions, anaphylactic shock. The least degree of toxicity is shown by drugs of the penicillin series, macrolides and cephalosporins, due to which, in the process of treating pneumonia, the choice is made mainly in favor of these medicines.

A direct contraindication to the use of a particular antibiotic is individual intolerance to its composition. In addition, most antibacterial agents are contraindicated during the period of bearing and applying the child to the breast. In pregnant and lactating patients with diagnosed pneumonia who need antibiotic therapy, treatment can be carried out using the most benign drugs. These include antibacterial agents that are included in the level of danger in the category of group B.

Auxiliary drugs for pneumonia

In addition to antibiotics, it is recommended to treat pneumonia with the use of adjuvants. Among the additional drugs often used:

1. Expectorants and bronchodilators (syrups Gerbion, Pertussin, Salbutamol spray).
2. Antipyretic drugs (Paracetamol, Aspirin, Ibuprofen).
3. Vitamin complexes with a high content of vitamins A, C, group B (Supradin, Duovit, Complivit).

For patients who are difficult to tolerate synthetic drugs, homeopathy becomes relevant. Among such remedies, Aconite, Bryonia, Belladonna, Sanguinaria, Arsenicum Yodatum provide the greatest efficiency. The patient should be treated with such drugs in accordance with his constitutional type.

Inflammation of the lungs, or pneumonia, is an acute infectious disease that can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Such a pathology can be accompanied by dangerous consequences, up to death. Until the invention of antibacterial drugs, the death rate from pneumonia reached 80%. To date, this figure varies between 5-40%. How to cure pneumonia and identify the disease at the initial stage of development is described in detail in the article.

General principles of treatment

If it was not possible to avoid the development of the inflammatory process, it is necessary to direct all efforts to quickly get rid of the disease. To a greater extent, recovery depends on the patient himself and, to a lesser extent, on the attending physician. In any case, you do not need to rely on self-medication, because pneumonia is not a common cold, it is not so easy to get rid of it. In addition, with an untimely start of therapy, the chances of a fatal outcome can be increased.

According to numerous studies, pneumonia often occurs not as an independent disease, but against the background of a cold. It is for this reason that it is important to monitor the general condition during the development of acute respiratory viral infections and acute respiratory infections in order to identify symptoms of pneumonia in time.

A huge mistake many people make is undertreatment of pneumonia to the end.

For several days the man took medicine, the pronounced symptoms disappeared, the temperature subsided, and he thinks that he was cured. If the attending physician has prescribed antibiotics for 2 weeks, then it is necessary to adhere to this course and not end it prematurely. This also applies to those cases when the pronounced manifestations of the disease disappeared after a few days.

Do not forget that there is such a form of pneumonia as atypical. In most cases, it is remembered when inflammation is treated with antibacterial agents, but these are ineffective. This can be explained by the fact that the disease is caused by completely different pathogens that are not sensitive to antibiotics. It is important to warn the attending physician before starting therapy for pneumonia about other existing infections in the body.

It is necessary to adhere to bed rest for the period of treatment of pneumonia. Any, even light physical activity, as well as going to work, is strictly prohibited. Do not overburden an already weakened immune system. Let her forces be directed only to the fight against pathogenic microorganisms.

Medicines

How to treat pneumonia is determined by the attending physician, taking into account the results of the diagnostic measures taken. The level of sensitivity of a pathogenic microorganism to antibacterial drugs is taken into account. This can be determined by conducting laboratory tests, namely, bacteriological sputum culture to determine the pathogen and its sensitivity to drugs.

In the event that for one reason or another it is impossible to determine the type of pathogenic microorganisms that caused pneumonia, antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action are prescribed. Such medicines must also be taken when laboratory diagnostics are carried out, which drags on for 8-10 days.

Adult drugs

Antibiotics have been used to treat pneumonia for a long time. The doctor may prescribe both tablet preparations and solutions in the form of solutions intended for injection. The latter have an advantage over tablets: they have the ability to be absorbed into the blood more quickly and have an immediate therapeutic effect. In modern medicine, despite the advantages of injections, doctors prefer to prescribe pills.

In the treatment of pneumonia in adults, injections of such drugs are used, which are part of a group of drugs of the latest generation. These are Meropenem, Ceftazidime and others. These have a pronounced therapeutic effect and are used for severe pneumonia.

The antibiotic Amoxicillin is suitable for both adults and children.

If the disease is mild or moderate, the attending physician prescribes the medication Amoxil, Amoxicillin or Augumentin. In the case of the presence in the body of streptococci, enterobacteria, pneumococci, which caused the development of pneumonia, the use of the drug Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime or others is required.

If a person has intolerance to drugs from the penicillin group, Hemomycin, Sumamed or Azitral are prescribed. In the case of the attachment of pathologies such as an abscess or pleurisy, the drug Timentin is required. In case of intolerance to such drugs, the doctor prescribes the introduction of injections of third-generation fluoroquinolones, which include Remedia, Levoflox, etc.

Preparations for children

Pneumonia in children also requires treatment with antibiotics that can be taken at home. Sometimes the child is hospitalized and further therapeutic measures are carried out in a hospital. As a rule, children who are not yet 60 days old, who develop pneumonia with damage to several organ lobes, who have had encephalopathy, who have congenital heart or vascular disease, chronic lung disease, kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, malignant blood pathology, are subject to hospitalization. .

Such patients are prescribed antibiotics from the group of penicillins, first-generation cephalosporins, or other similar drugs. In severe cases, tablets are replaced with injections of antibacterial drugs (intramuscular or intravenous). As soon as the general condition of the child has improved, the injections are replaced with tablets.

The drugs included in the group of penicillins that can be used in the treatment of pneumonia in a child include those that are developed on a natural basis (Benzylpenicillin, Phenoxymethylpenicillin) and those that have a synthetic basis (Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Carbenicillin).

Such drugs are given to the child until the results of laboratory diagnostics are obtained. After clarifying which pathogen caused pneumonia, the most effective drug is selected. How long it takes to treat pneumonia in a child is determined taking into account the severity of the disease.

Other drugs

Pneumonia can be quickly cured only by a complex method. So, in addition to antibiotics, antiviral and mucolytic drugs are prescribed. In the event that the disease has a viral etiology, appropriate antiviral agents are needed. It can be Acyclovir, Valaciclovir, Arbidol or others.

To dissolve sputum in the lungs and facilitate coughing, Ambroxol, Bromhexine or other analogues of mucolic and expectorant drugs are required. For the same purpose, drugs based on plant components are used: Sinupret, Gedelix, or others. To facilitate breathing, inhalations with such drugs are prescribed.

Of the symptomatic drugs, it is worth highlighting antipyretics (Nurofen, Paracetamol, etc.), remedies for eliminating headache and muscle pain (Paracetamol, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, etc.), immunomodulators (Esberitox, etc.).

Physiotherapy

In the treatment of pulmonary diseases, including pneumonia, physiotherapy procedures are used. This technique helps to eliminate the inflammatory process and reduce tissue swelling, and also acts as a stimulant on the immune system, thereby accelerating recovery.

One of the physiotherapeutic methods can be called UHF therapy. Ultrahigh-frequency waves are directed to the area with an inflammatory focus in the lung. UHF therapy is especially effective when carried out in conjunction with antibiotic treatment. The impact of the electric field contributes to the restoration of normal blood flow, providing a bacteriostatic effect. Manipulation is carried out daily for 10 minutes.

Electrophoresis is one of the most effective physio-methods in the treatment of pneumonia.

The second technique is inductothermy. In this case, a magnetic field is directed to the inflammatory focus, which helps to increase blood microcirculation, lymphatic drainage, eliminate bronchospasm, and improve sputum discharge. Also, inductothermy is an excellent tool in the fight against muscle tension, the inflammatory process in general. Manipulation is carried out every day for 15 minutes.

The third technique is magnetotherapy, which is prescribed for pneumonia, aggravated by severe intoxication. With the help of a course of magnetic therapy, you can get rid of tissue swelling, improve capillary blood circulation and metabolic processes in the affected area. Manipulation is carried out every day for 10 minutes.

The fourth technique is electrophoresis, which is effective in the stage of exacerbation of the disease. If a staphylococcal form of pneumonia is diagnosed, electrophoresis is prescribed in combination with UHF therapy. Treatment helps to quickly deliver the necessary drugs to the site of inflammation, thereby providing a rapid anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Other advantages of the technique include the improvement of blood circulation and the normalization of metabolic processes. Manipulation is carried out every day for 15 minutes.

No less rarely, thermal procedures are prescribed, with the help of which residual signs of pneumonia can be eliminated. Paraffin, mud or ozocerite applications are applied to the chest. Manipulation is carried out daily for 20 minutes.

Speed ​​up recovery with therapeutic chest massage

At home, you can carry out therapeutic massage, which reduces muscle spasm, restores the mobility of the thoracic region, increases the elasticity of the lung tissues and improves blood flow in the area of ​​the inflammatory process. Massage can be carried out only if pneumonia occurs without fever.

Folk remedies

You can treat pneumonia at home with folk remedies:

• oats, garlic (mix 1 cup of oats with a crushed clove of garlic, pour 2 liters of milk, put in the oven and simmer for an hour and a half; take the finished product inside 75 ml at bedtime);
• garlic, goose fat (100 g of garlic, pre-chopped, mixed with 500 g of fat, sweat in a water bath for 10 minutes; apply the finished product on the chest as a compress, fixing it with a woolen scarf from above; the compress is kept for 30 minutes);
• St. John's wort (a few tablespoons of grass pour water in a volume of 500 ml, boil for 30 minutes; take the finished product orally 2 tsp three times a day);
• aloe, liquid honey (mix 200 g of aloe juice with 300 g of honey and leave to infuse for 2 weeks, then strain and ingest 3 tablespoons four times a day);
• onion juice (soak a piece of gauze in the juice, inhale the vapors of the juice for 10 minutes daily);
• horseradish (put the crushed root in an enameled container, bend over it and inhale the vapors for 10 minutes every 2-3 hours).

Traditional medicine should be only an addition to the main treatment. At home, you can use only auxiliary methods of therapy, for example, massage, rubbing, inhalation. Pneumonia cannot be cured without antibiotics.