What you need to know about heating convectors? Water heating convectors: device, principle of operation, varieties Types of convectors

1.Aluminum electric radiators
2. How to choose an electric convector
3. Examples of economical ways to heat rooms with electricity

I propose to start considering the issue of choosing a convector with a definition: what is a convector. Let's start from the meaning of the word convection and get the following: a convector is a type of heating device in which thermal energy from a heated coolant or directly from a heating structure (element) is transferred to a heated room. At the same time, the physical property of the heated air to rise up and the filling of the released discharged volume with its cold component is actively exploited.

The natural circulation of air layers in the room is designed to enhance the specific configuration of the convector device. Acceleration of the circulation of air masses gives its placement under the window opening of the room. The cool surface of the glazing repels the upward heat flows and throws them deep into the room, displacing the air with a lower temperature and directing it into the "embrace" of the heater surfaces.

This principle corresponds to panel radiators for water heating, which are installed under window sills at a height of 10-15 cm from the floor so that cold air has a radius of curvature when approaching the convector device. It is preferable if the same distance remains to the window sill or to the upper part of the niche in which the heater is installed. If the distance is shorter, the circulation becomes less efficient, since cold air flows do not slide along the entire surface of the convector, but partially bypass it. Convectors also include devices that use energy from the combustion of natural or liquefied gas that do not have "shirts" filled with coolant.

The combustion process in a closed chamber transfers thermal energy to the fins of an all-metal heat exchanger, which exchanges heat with air flows. The gas convector is connected to the street through an opening for a coaxial pipe arranged in the wall. Through it, not only combustion products are removed, but also clean air enters, which is necessary to maintain combustion. The supply of outdoor cold air further stimulates the convection movement.

When organizing home heating with electric convectors, you should pay attention to the advertising tricks used by manufacturers to increase sales of their products. The consumer market for heating appliances has been flooded with all kinds of electric batteries, exalted in their efficiency to the sky-high heights of the "perpetuum mobile" (PerpetuumMobile). The technical novelty seems to be the pinnacle of engineering and technical thought, which allows, with minimal consumption of electrical energy, to achieve colossal results in electric heating of residential premises.

In particular, from the descriptions of high-tech products it is clear that the core basis of the circuit is a prosaic thermoelectric heating element (PETN). It is of tubular type. Such heating elements are used in the manufacture of electric heated towel rails for bathrooms, hot water boilers and other electrical appliances (read: Heating elements for heating radiators: comfortable heating).

Aluminum electric radiators

The positioning of electric radiators as energy-saving devices with high efficiency leads to their low power consumption. Products with a network load of only 300-500 watts prevail in the sale. The computer consumes the same amount, but emits much less heat than stated in the description of the heating monsters. The cavities of the heating electric radiator are filled with liquid. It can be water or oil.

There is an option with a sealed factory blockage of fluid in the radiator, but often the buyer himself has the opportunity to decide on the choice of coolant and fill it with it at his discretion. Having decided to carry out electric heating of a private house with convectors or other devices of this type, attention can be paid to electric aluminum radiators.

First of all, the classic design of the heater looks attractive. If you do not look closely, then we can say that this is an element of a traditional heating circuit. The visiting card of the handsome aluminum is a remote digital thermostat that performs microprocessor control. A device equipped with a liquid crystal display breaks the electrical circuit, like a conventional thermostat using the mechanical deformation of a metal plate. There is a lot of presentability, but the result is the same.

Aluminum fins have a large area of ​​contact with air. Intercostal distances and inclined planes in the design of the assembled radiator make it possible to classify them to some extent as convectors. But the best heating convectors are electrical devices that have a closed-type heating element in their design that converts electrical energy into heating the heat transfer circuit.

The heat exchanger is made, as a rule, of copper or its alloys, which are characterized by a high concentration of the copper component. The convector body has openings at the bottom for the selection of a cool air stream and a lattice plane at the top for the unhindered exit of a warm stream. On the case, digital indication of the parameters set to the device is possible. The model range in terms of power is presented by most manufacturers with convectors with a consumption of 0.5 kW, 1 kW, 1.5 kW, 2 kW.

The last two models have in their circuit two heating elements connected in parallel. There is a misconception that this allows you to use them not to their full potential. By turning off one of the heating elements, but at the same time keeping the temperature setting for space heating unchanged, savings cannot be achieved. By reducing the power of the heating device, we automatically come to the fact that the time interval for which the convector will reach the set temperature increases.

How to choose an electric convector

The distribution network presents a wide range of electric heating convectors, how to choose the best option for heating a living space among them, understanding that the main criteria for choosing should be the safety and reliability of the device (in more detail: “Which convector to choose for heating”).

The convector body is traditionally made of thin sheet metal. Expensive models in this regard are represented by light aluminum alloys, cheap models are alloyed or refined steel. Even in appearance, one can get the impression of the quality factor of an electrical device. The conditions of processing and finishing of the surfaces of the product, especially the edges, eloquently speak of the quality laid down by the manufacturer. Do not blindly rely on the brand. Sometimes under a big name a segment of medium and low standard can be hidden. The power cable with plug is also subject to inspection. A convector with a rated power consumption of 1 kW or more cannot be connected to the mains using a plug that does not have a third contact for grounding and to an electric cord with a small cross section.

The heater must exclude exposed heating elements if it is used in residential areas with constant presence of people. This must be indicated in the accompanying product description. It is necessary to carefully study the technical characteristics and features of the convector device before buying. If in doubt, contact a sales consultant. Open heating elements burn oxygen in the room and cause discomfort, and sometimes even a headache. Staying in these rooms for a long time, and even worse - resting at night is harmful to the human body.
Electric heaters are devices with a coefficient of performance (COP) approaching 99%. Therefore, the aggressive publicity of manufacturing companies and retail chains about the "super" productivity of the heater is nothing more than another impact on a potential buyer in order to unreasonably increase demand for this or other products. When deciding to install electric heating convectors, the principle of operation of which was discussed above, it must be taken into account that the average consumption of electrical energy by appliances per day is calculated according to an empirical formula.

Daily consumption is approximately half of the declared power of the device, multiplied by 24 hours. Following the logic, monthly consumption is calculated, which is usually used when calculating the profitability and efficiency comparable to other possible heating methods. We can immediately state that heating with electric convectors is accompanied by significant financial costs. The speed of arrangement and the low cost part of the organization are not able to compensate for the high monthly costs of paying for electricity.

Advantages of an electric convector, detailed video:

Examples of economical ways to heat rooms with electricity

It is much more economical to use other types of heating with electricity (read also: “Economic heating with electricity: pros and cons”). Among them are all kinds of heat pump equipment. Spent 1 kW of electricity brings into the house up to 5 kW of thermal energy. Another fact testifies to the record efficiency. The purchase of the simplest thermal installation with a pump, which is actually an inverter air conditioner, will cost as three or four "super" efficient electric heating batteries with ultra-modern control units made of aluminum. In this case, only the cryogenic barrier (-25 degrees Celsius) can act as a negative side. The peak consumption of the unit in the heat injection mode does not exceed 1 kW, the thermal power is higher than 3.5 kW.

Another economical option for electric space heating is foil underfloor heating, which can be installed under tiles or high-density fiberboard flooring. Saving money for the owner of the house is achieved due to the uniform distribution of warm air in the rooms. The zone of increased comfort is created at a level much lower than when heating with convector-type appliances. The room temperature does not fluctuate sharply depending on the measurement height, which is observed even when heating with liquid heat carriers using gas. Ascending heat flows take longer to cross the distance from the floor to the ceiling, which inevitably concentrates the most heated air.

With great success, heating of the dacha with electric convectors can be arranged (see also: “Heating in the dacha with electricity is a reliable solution”). Carefully selected according to the volume of rooms, heating devices in a short period of time, using natural convection, will ensure uniform heating of the premises. The automatic mode, due to the presence of thermostats, allows you not to take part in the control of maintaining a comfortable temperature. Considering that staying at the dacha is temporary, the cost of paying for electricity for this type of electric heating is commensurate with the comfortable conditions obtained and the initial investment in the purchase and installation of convectors.

Thus, heating rooms with electric convectors is an effective way of heating.

Its advantages include:

• drawing up a heating scheme and selecting appliances is carried out directly by the owners of the house;
• low costs for heating system equipment;
• the ability to perform installation without resorting to the services of specialists;
• Efficiency of achievement of the set temperature condition;
• occasional use does not require conservation or additional costs.

Which electric heating convector is better: how to buy a good one so as not to regret later?

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Fan convectors

Name

Image

Description

• with fan

• wall convector with fan
• the convector is designed for mounting on the wall of a room with a window

• with fan
• the convector is equipped with a thermoelectric power generator
• the convector does not require electrical installation

• wall convector with fan
• dry room heating

• wall convector with fan
• the convector is equipped with a thermostatic head

• high forced convection performance
• rapid reaction
• zero consumption

  electricity power

• noiseless operation

• The most powerful free-standing convector with fan
• It also heats at a low coolant temperature.

• low power consumption
• safety voltage 12 V DC
• simple control

• double circuit connection
• simple control

• high heating and cooling power
• heating unit with short response time
• heating also when the fan is off
• low power consumption
• safe voltage 12 VDC
• simple control

• high heat output of forced convection
• quick response heating element
• heating even when the fan is off
• low power consumption
• safety voltage 12 V DC
• simple control

• high heat output of forced convection
• quick response heating element
• heating even when the fan is off
• low power consumption
• safety voltage 12 V DC
• simple control

• high heat output of forced convection
• quick response heating element
• heating even when the fan is off
• low power consumption
• safety voltage 12 V DC
• simple control

Download catalog of MINIB convectors

Design and operation of water convectors
construction
Areas of use
Types of convectors for heating water
Floor convector radiators
On the wall
pedestal
On the floor
plinth
Selection of convectors
mounting

Various heating devices can be used to control the heating, each of which works in its own direction. For example, traditional radiators heat up a room due to convection and heat radiation.

An alternative is convection radiators for heating water, which provide heat only by convection, which ensures a constant circulation of air masses. In this article, we will take into account the characteristics and characteristics of water convectors.

Design and operation of water convectors

The transfer of thermal energy to heating devices is carried out using a coolant heated to a certain temperature.

When using conventional heating batteries, most of the heat produced is used for indoor walls and buildings. To increase the efficiency of batteries, fins are formed during production to ensure the movement of convection air. The presence of fins significantly accelerates the heating of rooms.

The main advantage of convection is the level of space heating. The heated air gradually rises, thereby pushing a mass of cold air towards the convectors, where they are heated.

Because of this simple principle, rapid heating is achieved - the room becomes very warm 20-30 minutes after starting.

The convector water heater works in a simple mode.

First, the refrigerant passes through the internal wells of the device, thus receiving heat from the metal fins. The air passing through the fins moves upward and opens up new, still cold air masses.

To increase the heating efficiency and heating speed, some convectors are equipped with fans that provide forced air circulation.

construction

The design of water heaters includes:

• Steel or copper hose required for refrigerant transfer;
• Oberbrenie, which allows you to heat the air in the room;
• Connection of nodes connecting the device to the heating circuit.

In addition, the heaters are equipped with a thermostat and a fan - first you need to set the dispersion of the heating system, while the latter allows you to remove air from the heating circuit.

Water heating convectors are very versatile and can be used in various areas. They are actively used for heating private houses and apartments, offices, as well as administrative and industrial buildings.

Areas of use

Most of the use is largely due to the main advantages of water inlets:

1. Rapid heating.

   It takes much less time to heat a room in which a convector for heating water is installed than traditional radiators.

2. High efficiency.

   Due to the special design and unique principle of operation, the efficiency of convectors can reach approximately 95% - and this is one of the highest rates in the field of heating equipment.

3. Compactness.

   Heating convectors are relatively small, so they do not require much space for installation. In addition, the compactness allows the use of such devices without compromising indoor heating.

In addition to the advantages already described, it is also necessary to mention the ease of maintenance of convectors, the cleaning of which is reduced to periodic dusting.

When cleaning, a conventional vacuum cleaner with sufficient power is very convenient. However, there is a need for internal cleaning at least twice a month to prevent contamination of the system from the inside - this job can also be easily done.

Types of convectors for heating water

The following types of convectors can be found on the heating market:

• The floor is installed on the floor;
• Wall, the most common models attached to walls;
• Window panels, which are the latest versions and installed under the base;
• Ground, specially designed for heating, supplied with gas;
• Basement that can be installed in walls, various niches or stairs.

Each species has its own characteristics and therefore must be considered separately.

Floor convector radiators

Floor covering products are usually used in combination with panoramic windows.

In this case, the heating water pipeline is placed directly on the floor, then the connected and connected heating devices (see "What are convectors for heating - this is water from the soil, the type of which is better to choose").

If you can choose models with small dimensions and sufficient power, the result will be an excellent combination of large windows and high quality heating.

Due to their properties, outdoor water heaters are mainly installed in various theaters, exhibition areas and galleries - in places where water can be installed, the convector fan is only on the floor, so that it is not covered by large windows that occupy the entire surface of the wall.

On the wall

Models of convectors for wall mounting are very thin and rather modest in size. The dimensions of the wall block type can vary within certain limits - for example, high convectors are used for installation under the sleepers, and products of the appropriate height are required for low shelves.

Thanks to its properties and heating capabilities, the wall convector is no worse than analogues, and its compactness allows it to be used in confined spaces.

Devices of this type are commonly used in residential areas, offices, indoor marketplaces and warehouses.

In addition to being able to save space, wall convectors are also suitable for interior designers, but in this case they will need decorative coaters.

pedestal

Water convectors with a base were developed quite recently and are used for the production of gas heating. Such devices are the most compact among all types of convectors. Despite the very small dimensions, when using heating heaters, heating the room is quite effective, and warm air is evenly distributed throughout the room.

On the floor

If it is necessary to equip a heating system that will not be visible, it is best to use floor convectors.

As the name implies, this type of convector is located directly on the ground, where the appropriate dimensions and shape of the niche are first prepared. The pipeline is also installed under the floor, which ensures the supply of the heating medium to the heating devices.

The half steel convector for heating water has a clear advantage: the hidden mode is set, so the heating system will not affect the interior of the room.

It is important that the concealed installation does not reduce the efficiency of the system, so that the heating of the air in the room will be uniform and complete.

The possibility of hidden installation largely determines the degree of use of floor convectors.

For example, they are very suitable for rooms with panoramic windows - heating located completely under it does not affect the view, unlike outdoor installations, which hide part of the view, although small.

In addition, with hidden installation, the convector radiators do not protrude to heat water, so people can move freely in the places where they are installed.

Very good flooring systems are suitable for rooms and the most important part is the interior. We are talking about various exhibition spaces, concert halls, museums and other places where the external elements of the heating system will be redundant. And, of course, this type of convector is often used in private homes - not all owners are ready to prepare large radiators that hang on the walls.

plinth

Another relatively recent development is potable water convectors. Such devices are similar to the first ones, since they are also hidden - the principles and possible installation points are completely identical. Due to the basement convectors in every room, very reliable and completely unhealthy heating is possible.

Each clearing convector varies depending on the need to connect to the network.

Electric convectors: how to choose the right one

Electricity is used to run fans that provide forced convection. The use of low noise fans uses a convex convector design so you don't have to think about eliminating unnecessary noise.

Selection of convectors

For plumbing convectors that fit completely into the infrastructure of the building, the entire heating system must be taken into account in the entire heating system.

For example, if you use panoramic windows and elevator convectors in your home design, you must provide niches for their installation. However, in private residential construction, the most commonly used plumbing convector is located under windows and along blank walls.

If we choose the power of the device, we need to use a simplified calculation algorithm that requires 100 W of power to heat 1 square meter of space. If you multiply the area of ​​each room by 100, you can get the desired value.

In terms of quality and cost, we can say the following:

• The products of domestic manufacturers are the most balanced according to the considered parameters;
• Chinese heating appliances are cheap, but their quality can often be challenged;
• Various foreign convectors may be more expensive, and the quality will be appropriate.

Of course, before choosing a water heat exchanger, you must consider the choice of certain manufacturers and their reputation.

mounting

Installation of convectors for heating water has many shades:

1. To operate the device, you must consider the distance between the ground and the ground - at the bottom of the water convector, the fan ventilation has holes that must be left open.

   It is best to place the convectors at a height of 20-25 cm from the ground, about 10-30 cm from the threshold and about 5 cm from the walls.

2. Pipes can work on convectors on the side or bottom trajectory. Naturally, if possible, pipes should be placed in the walls or on the floor, so that a wall-to-wall convector with a fan is even more aesthetically pleasing.

   Laying in the floor is slightly more convenient, since in this case it is possible to completely cover the pipeline.

3. Installation of convectors must be strictly horizontal. For leveling it is necessary to use the level of the building.

   To ensure that devices do not move away from the fasteners due to their own weight in the future, they should be defined qualitatively. When installing, you must handle with the greatest possible care - convectors are not particularly strong and can be damaged.

4. For basement and floor convectors, you need to make sure that you create niches in advance.

   Their size and shape are considered at the design stage, but once again we note the fact that niches of several centimeters should be larger than the size of convectors. Floor convectors are covered with a special decorative grille on top, through which heated air enters the room.

output

Water heating convectors are a modern and efficient replacement for traditional heating radiators.

A wide range of applications, the possibility of hidden installation and the absence of a negative effect on the decoration of the premises are the main advantages that these devices appreciate.

Air heating of a country house in our latitudes is popular less than the traditional, radiator scheme for heating a home. Meanwhile, air heating has a number of clearly underestimated advantages. Therefore, in this article we will consider the design features, the nuances of arrangement and some models of air heating installations (with prices and characteristics).

Air heating at home

The design of the "air" heating system of the home

Air heating of the house is arranged as follows:

• A heating device - a convector - heats up a "portion" of air in the working chamber.

  Moreover, to heat the air, you can use electricity, gas, solid fuel or the energy of the primary coolant circulating in the convector heat exchanger.

• The pressure unit - the convector fan - displaces the heated air from the working chamber, simultaneously sucking in a new, still cold portion of the coolant. Moreover, some models can work without a fan: after all, after heating the air, we can count on the natural convection of this environment, driven by the difference in the density of warm and cold flows.
• The network of air ducts - the distribution of the system - provides an influx of hot air into specific rooms.

  However, if the convector is installed in a heated room, then there is no need for air ducts.

• A network of temperature sensors monitors the parameters of the microclimate, controlling the intensity of the flow of hot air into specific rooms using air dampers and additional fans.

Such a heating system involves the rejection of the classic layout with mandatory radiators. After all, the air in the room is heated by the “air boiler” itself - an electric, wood-burning, secondary or gas convector.

In this case, ventilation ducts can be used as pressure distribution pipelines.

In this case, return pipelines transporting the cooled coolant to the boiler are not needed - the convector fan draws air from the ventilation supply duct or directly from the room that "sheltered" the heater.

Advantages of the "air" heating system

By equipping air heating in a private house, the consumer can count on the following benefits:

• Uniform heating of the dwelling - the entire volume of air in the room (apartment, house) will acquire approximately the same temperature.

  Cold corners, misted windows, peeling wallpaper, dried-out furniture and mold colonies will become a thing of the past, after radiators that have not been able to provide uniform heating.

• High heating speed - hot air will heat the rooms to the desired temperature in a matter of minutes.

  Well, in half an hour you can warm up even a completely cooled room with frozen walls.

• The ability to heat rooms of any volume - air is ubiquitous - it fills any volume.

  Therefore, with the proper power of pressure equipment and a heat exchanger, you can warm up not only a room in the house, but also a huge storage room.

• The ability to turn off the heating at any time, even in winter - the air does not need to be "drained" from the batteries, it will not "break" the pipes.

  Therefore, if you do not need to heat a room or warehouse, just turn off the convector and that's it.

• Minimal intervention in the interior of the home - no radiators, no wiring, no problems. There are only air duct grilles that can be designed as decorative panels.
• Low cost of arrangement - to heat a house with an area of ​​up to 250 square meters by air, it is necessary to invest in equipment and work no more than 12.5 thousand US dollars.

  Water heating of a house of the same area will require costs at the level of 17.5 thousand US dollars.

• The possibility of using any energy carriers - the working chamber of the convector can be heated with gas, electricity, liquid fuel and even firewood.

  That is, air heating is, in principle, “omnivorous”. However, each type of energy carrier needs its own convector.

Types of air heating

At the moment, when arranging air heating, the following system layout schemes are used:

Direct flow option, which involves heating the supply air flow, forcing the heated medium into the room and the subsequent removal of the coolant through the exhaust ventilation ducts.

The cooled coolant leaves the room forever and the convector has to heat up a portion of cold, fresh air. Such a scheme is cheap in arrangement, but is associated with significant energy costs, which increase the cost of operating a once-through system.

Electric convector - which one is better to choose for your home?

Moreover, the first direct-flow convectors - wood-burning hypocausts - were used in ancient Rome.

Direct flow option

Recirculation option, involves heating the supply flow taken directly from the heated room. Removal of the coolant outside the building is, of course, possible, but this process has nothing to do with the heating system.

As a result, the convector heats up the still warm air, saving the owner's energy and money. In this case, the "input" of the coolant into the room is carried out through special channels laid at the ceiling level, and the "selection" of the cooled medium is implemented at the floor level of the room, where cold air accumulates. However, repeated heating of the coolant leads to a gradual “burning out” of oxygen, which affects the air quality.

Therefore, recirculation heating schemes are used mainly in the warehouse business.

Recirculation option

mixed option, assuming the connection of a direct-flow and recirculation circuit.

In this case, both fresh, outdoor air and already used, “room” coolant enter the working chamber of the converter. As a result, it becomes possible to save on heating, without the risk of reducing air quality. Therefore, only mixed layouts of air heating systems are used in everyday life.

mixed option

Arrangement of air heating in a private house - the nuances of the process

When building an air heating system, the following nuances must be taken into account:

• As a convector, it is better to use a gas version of a heat generator.

  Electric heaters are expensive to operate, and solid fuel options are difficult to maintain. In addition, the gas convector demonstrates the highest thermal power, simultaneously providing the maximum heating rate.

• It is better to build the system wiring on the basis of flexible, heat-insulated pipes - this will help save on fittings and interface elements.

  Moreover, of the two options for mounting fittings - flanged and socket - it is better to choose the latter. After all, installation in a socket is faster than assembly on flanges.

  And the lack of strength of the "bell" connection can be eliminated with the help of aluminum tape applied over the joint.

• The calculation of the power of the convector and the cross-section of the air ducts should be shifted to the shoulders of professionals.

  After all, the air heating system involves a hidden laying of pressure and return air ducts, which cannot be fixed after the completion of the project.

• The forced-type converter must be installed in a remote boiler room. The fan of this heater generates very strong noise pollution. In residential premises, it is better to install heating devices designed for the natural circulation of the coolant, prompted by the difference in temperature (and density) of air flows.

Popular models of air heating units

Popular models of air convectors, in our opinion, include:

ELECTROLUX ECH/AG-2000 EF- an electric heating device designed for the natural circulation of the coolant (air).

Convector Electrolux ECH-AG-2000 EF

• Such a convector does not need air ducts and is mounted indoors.
• However, despite the consumption of 2 kW, it can heat just one room up to 20 "squares".
• The convector is equipped with a thermostat and an intelligent control module.

  The cost is 70-75 dollars.

LG S 12 LHQ- air conditioning, which also works for heating the room.

Air conditioner LG S 12 LHQ

• Moreover, as a heating device, this split system provides 3.6 kW of thermal power, consuming no more than 1.3 kW of electricity.
• The heating process is controlled by a control unit that allows you to control the temperature to the nearest degree.
• the noise level from the cylindrical turbine does not exceed 39 dB.
• The cost is 340-350 US dollars.

Lechma PP-190 Standard- solid fuel fireplace-boiler with a chamber for heating air and the ability to connect to the ventilation system of the house.

Fireplace insert Lechma PP-190 Standard LUX

• This heater generates at least 14 kW of thermal power, heating a dwelling of about 150 square meters.
• In addition, Lechma PP-190 Standard looks very aesthetically pleasing - it can also be used as a simple fireplace.
• The cost is 950-970 euros.

RUUD GPN 04EAUEY SILHOUETTE II– gas convector for houses up to 200 square meters (heating power – 20 kW).

Air heating gas oven RUUD GPN 04EAUEY SILHOUETTE II

• Such a convector heats about 2000 cubic meters of air per hour, consuming only 0.3 kW of energy, which is very profitable.
• The furnace itself is connected to a ventilation system or to a network of "heating" air ducts according to a recirculation or mixed layout.

AVO-42- a convector with a built-in heat exchanger, through which heated oil, antifreeze, haze or steam heated by traditional boilers can circulate.

Air heating units AVO - 42

• This air heating unit heats at least 1.4 thousand cubic meters of air per hour, generating 12 kW of thermal power.
• The area of ​​the room heated by this unit reaches 120 squares.
• The cost is 500-550 US dollars.

A comfortable indoor climate is perhaps the main condition for housing, and other premises in which people have to be.

But it is not always possible to create such conditions in the presence of only central heating.

If the main system does not cope, you have to install additional equipment.

It can be various devices, including electric heating convectors.

They are able to quickly heat the room to a certain temperature level, which is set manually or automatically.

1. Instrument design
2. Principle of operation
3. Types and features of application
4. Aspects of equipment selection
5. Review of the best brands

The device of electric heaters

The basis of such a device is a heating element, the operation of which is controlled by a thermostat.

In turn, the heating element consists of a high-resistance conductor with a ceramic sheath. It is soldered into a steel or aluminum housing that matches the shape of the radiator.

Electric convector design

Such design features of the device made it possible to increase the area of ​​interaction of the heating element with air.

In addition, they helped to avoid the main disadvantage of heaters - the combustion of oxygen.

How does a convector work?

The principle of operation of the device is based on the physical law according to which cold air has a large mass and therefore always goes down.

From here it enters the convector passing through the lower grille of the device.

Inside, the air is heated, circulating through the heating element and rising up is discharged into the room.

What is a convector: device, varieties, tips for choosing

This process is repeated constantly during the operation of the convector.

Types and their main advantages

The equipment of this class is subdivided depending on the method of installation. There are two types of devices:

1. Wall mounted;
2. Floor.

The first are attached under the windows, performing the functions of a thermal curtain from cold air.

They allow you to maximize the energy used to maintain a comfortable temperature in the room.

Electric floor heating convectors can be installed anywhere. Therefore, equipment of this type is widely used not only in residential premises, but also in offices and shopping centers.

There is another model - plinth electric converters.

Instrument selection criteria

Before choosing an electric convector, you need to determine what area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room it should heat. If the room is small and its size does not exceed 10 m², then you can limit yourself to a model with a power of no more than 1000 watts. For a large room with high ceilings, the calculation is based on 100 W per square meter.

But such a high power is required for appliances used as the main heat sources.

If energy-saving electric heating converters will be used as additional equipment, then you can choose them with a lower coefficient.

It is important to decide in advance on the type of thermostat.

It can be either mechanical or electronic. The first is manually configured, is not able to instantly respond to a decrease in temperature, but at the same time costs 30% less.

Electronic thermostats are considered more accurate. No human intervention is required to manage their operation. Some of them can be programmed. New generation electric converters, equipped with such thermostats, have flexible settings and are able to change the temperature by the hour, lowering during the day and raising it in the evening.

Paying attention to the design features, it is necessary to take into account the quality of the heating element.

The service life of the convector directly depends on it. The heating element made of stainless steel is considered the best.

Such heating elements are able to withstand the temperature developed by the filament and are distinguished by long service life.

The selected electric convector must have automatic overheating protection, as well as a housing with a moisture protection rating of 21 IP.

Overview of popular models

To determine which brand of convector is the most economical and high-quality, it is worth studying the characteristics of products from several manufacturers.

Among the wall samples, appliances are in the greatest demand.

• noirot spot;
• nobo;
• Timberk.

The convector of the first brand is considered the best choice for heating a small room with an area of ​​\u200b\u200bno more than 15 m². It has a power of 1 kW and provides rapid heating of the room with minimal air drying. The device is produced in one of the European countries and is equipped with automation that can withstand power surges.

Settings are made electronically and will be restored even after an unexpected power outage.

The cost of such a convector is within $ 100 and this is by no means a small amount for such a device.

The advantages of the equipment include:

1. High efficiency;
2. Reliability;
3. Silent operation;
4. Various settings options;
5. Economical energy consumption;
6. Existence of protection against an overheat.

Nobo brand electric convector is more powerful than the previous model.

It is able to maintain a comfortable temperature in a room up to 27 m². The device works completely silently and is able to enter the operating mode within one minute.

The heating element of the unit has aluminum fins, which prevents it from burning oxygen.

Therefore, it can be installed even in a children's room. The convector is controlled by a mechanical regulator. However, the settings are so fine that they can save significant amounts of electricity.

This feature somewhat compensates for the high price of around $250.

This equipment has several advantages:

• The ability to heat large areas;
• The presence of protection against overheating;
• Precise temperature control;
• Convenient design;
• Long service life.

Characteristics and features of the Timberk model

A worthy competitor to the two previous models is the Timberk brand convector.

It has low power, but high resistance to power surges. The device is equipped with an electronic thermostat, enclosed in a case with a high level of protection against moisture and has an exclusive design.

The presence of a control panel on the device allows you to configure it remotely. The only drawback is the small heating area.

However, given the low cost of $140, the model is very good.

As advantages it is worth noting:

• High precision thermostat;
• Two modes of operation;
• Modern design;
• The presence of a control panel.

Features of operation and care

The most suitable place for installing heating equipment is the section of the wall under the window.

However, if necessary, it can be located elsewhere. But since the device is electrical, safety requirements must be observed.

These include in particular the following:

• The convector must not be covered with cloth or paper, and even more so used for drying clothes;
• It cannot be installed next to an electrical outlet, the minimum distance to it is at least 0.8 m;
• For use in a room with high humidity, you need to choose a unit that has an appropriate degree of protection against moisture.

And of course, when purchasing a device, you should give preference to models from well-known manufacturers.

This approach ensures efficient operation of the equipment for a long time.

Household convector: principle of operation and installation

1. The main differences between a traditional radiator and a convector
2. Advantages of household convectors
3. Where should the convector be installed
4. The process of installing a heating convector
5. Special norms for the operation of convectors
6. Comparison of a convector with an electric boiler system

In the process of arranging a dwelling with all amenities, it is very important to think over the entire heating system in advance, since the comfort of living and a favorable microclimate in the interior of the house will largely depend on the quality of its work.

Therefore, special attention should be paid to such a modern and efficient device as a heating convector powered by electricity, since this mechanism will reliably and evenly heat the entire residential building.

The main differences between a traditional radiator and a convector

A standard heater is an apparatus that includes a heating element, a thermostat that controls the temperature, and sometimes also a fan. The main function of such a device is to heat the air in the room, while the heat cannot be distributed evenly.

Such an inexpensive and convenient version of the heater will be a good element for heating a small room.

To understand how a convector works, it should be noted that this equipment can be both floor-standing and wall-mounted, and the principle of operation of a heating convector is natural air convection, which is due to the name of this device.

Often such systems are equipped with special clamps, with the help of which the installation of heating convectors can be performed on the floor. The shape of convectors is usually rectangular. Answering the question of how the convector works, it should be noted that one of the key elements of its design is the heating part, through which air passes and, when heated, exits through the top of the device.

Electric heating convectors - which one to choose?

When comparing an oil radiator and a household convector, it is important to note that the heat from the radiator comes out in the form of radiation, and a warm air flow is formed inside the convector, which allows you to quickly and, most importantly, effectively heat the entire room (read: “What to choose a convector or an oil radiator” ).

Advantages of household convectors

The indisputable advantages of convectors used for heating household and utility rooms include many factors that allow you to reliably and efficiently heat the desired area.

The principle of operation of the convector is based not on the use of the usual tubular electric heaters (TEH), but on the use of special functional parts constructed using a special alloy.

One of the advantages of this method of the device is that the room warms up very quickly, since there is no energy consumption for heating the device itself. In addition, the performance coefficient of these products is very high and is more than 90%. See also: "The principle of operation of the electric convector, the rules for choosing and operating."

Convectors work with minimal noise, these devices do not dry the air in the room and do not burn oxygen in large quantities, as standard radiators do, thanks to which a favorable microclimate is created in the room, and environmental conditions are not violated.

Modern models of convectors are distinguished by high rates of reliability and safety, which is very important due to the fact that the equipment operates with the help of electricity.

So, innovative mechanisms usually have the highest protection class, since none of their parts come into contact with the body of the device, and grounding is not necessary to provide for their operation. Such devices can also be operated near water, since they are reliably protected from moisture getting inside them. See also: "What is convector heating - device, principle of operation, installation rules."

You should also not worry if voltage drops periodically occur in the electricity network, since convectors are absolutely insensitive to such changes.

Their natural voltage, at which they can freely function, varies from 150 to 242 V.
The use of innovative production technologies made it possible that the heating of the body of the convector itself does not exceed 55 °, so that such mechanisms can be placed in absolutely any room, including children's rooms, without fear of potential fire or overheating of the equipment.

If we talk about the maximum temperature of the heating element during its operation, then this indicator in modern convectors can be different and vary from 60 to 700 °.

Of course, the smaller this parameter, the better. This is due to the fact that high temperatures are a favorable environment for burning oxygen, which is contrary to the basic principles of the convector.

However, household convectors have one, but a very significant drawback: the consumption of electrical energy for the normal functioning of the equipment is very high.

At the same time, many factors affect how much kW / h a standard mechanism consumes (the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room, the presence of insulation, the type of installed windows, etc.).

When performing calculations, it would be useful to resort to the help of specialists who can not only help with connecting equipment, but are also ready to provide various photos of convectors and detailed videos on their correct installation.

Where should the convector be installed?

When determining the optimal location for installing a heating convector, the following recommendations should be taken into account:

• installation of the device should be carried out directly in the room that is planned to be heated;
• it is strictly forbidden to install equipment in rooms with a lot of dust and those rooms in which the fire hazard is increased;
• due to the protection class of modern devices of this type, they can be placed in rooms with high humidity and near water, for example, in a bathroom, since the convector is not subject to damage if moisture gets on it;
• do not mount the convector under an electrical outlet;
• when installing the equipment, you should try to avoid placing it in place of strong drafts, since temperature control in this case may be violated;
• special attention should be paid to the distances that must be observed when installing the convector near any surfaces.

The process of installing a heating convector

The rear panel of the unit is equipped with a special mounting frame, which must be removed and screwed to the wall surface using four screws used as fasteners.

Do not forget that the minimum distance from the front of the device to the object closest to it must be at least 5 cm.

It is equally important to note that any calculations must be made taking into account the offset from the body of the apparatus, and not its fixation frame.

This frame is based on several special holes designed for installing plastic brackets, which can greatly facilitate dust removal from the back of the convector body.

Special norms for the operation of convectors

In the process of using this heating equipment, it is important to ensure its normal operation, and this can be achieved not only with the help of the correct installation of the system, but also subject to the following rules for its operation:

• The upper and lower grilles of the convector must be cleaned of dust at least twice a year, and this can be done both with a brush and with an ordinary vacuum cleaner.

  The design of the device allows you to easily reach important functional parts and provide them with proper care;

• You can wipe the body of the device either with a dry or a cloth moistened with water, and you should not use any special detergents at all.

Comparison of a convector with an electric boiler system

The main difference between these two heating options is that the power of the electric type boiler is fixed, while the convectors are equipped with an individual temperature controller, which allows you to change the temperature during their operation depending on the conditions in the room.

An interesting video about the principle of operation of a heating convector:

The difference between the convector system and the electric boiler system also lies in the fact that the first option can be designed and connected with your own hands without any problems, having previously studied the photo and video materials necessary for this.

In addition, such a mechanism practically does not require maintenance, which makes it possible to exclude human intervention in its operation. To get even more power, several convectors can be connected into a single system that can reliably serve for a very long time.

Therefore, we can say with confidence that heating a room by means of a convector is by far the most efficient, safe and convenient.

If we analyze sales in the electrical goods market, it is obvious that electric heaters are becoming more popular compared to other heating devices. Convectors are used for heating residential and other premises. They are a good alternative to central heating.

Until now, not all settlements have central heating or gas, liquid heaters have little efficiency. When it is already cold outside, and heating has not yet been given, electric heaters become the only source of heating in the house. Their installation is very simple, it does not require the installation of pipes and a boiler. It is enough to put it on the floor, or fix it on the wall, and turn on the power.

Types of electric convectors

When choosing heating devices, you need to know that not all of them have the same device, and may differ from each other in some parameters. Electric convectors are also no exception. Consider their main division according to technical data.

By installation type:

• Wall.
• Floor.
• Plinth.
• Universal.

By type of heating element with:

• Needle heating element.
• tubular heater.
• Monolithic heater.

Thermostat type:

• Mechanical.
• Electronic.
• Programmable.

Principle of operation and design features

It has been known since high school physics that warm air rises. When air is heated, it expands and its density decreases. Therefore, cold air “squeezes” it from the bottom up. Similarly, various cyclones and winds arise on Earth, lifting warm air upwards. Its place below is occupied by cold air masses.

A similar process occurs indoors, albeit on a smaller scale. This phenomenon is called convection. On its basis, devices for space heating, called convectors, were created.

The device of the convector is not particularly difficult. It consists of two main elements:

• Heater.
• Frame.

On the bottom of the case there are holes through which cold air enters. Hot air escapes through the top holes. Usually, a heating element is located in the lower part of the heater housing, which heats the air mass between the walls of the housing. The heated air rises and exits through the upper holes at a certain angle. Hot air heats the room, gradually cooling down, goes down. Further, the heating process is cyclically repeated.

Under the influence of convection, the heated air is distributed evenly in the room, without creating any noise. Some device models are additionally equipped with a fan. This makes the convection process faster, although there is some noise when the fan is running.

An important safety factor for such a heater is the weak heating of the body walls. Their temperature does not exceed 60 degrees, unlike an oil heater, the body of which is very hot and sometimes burns if accidentally touched.

Wall-mounted electric convectors

These heaters are the most efficient option. The wall arrangement improves the convection process and increases the heat transfer and the performance of the heater.

Dimensions of wall models can reach 45 cm in height. It is advisable to install them under the window openings at a distance of no more than 30 cm from the floor.

Advantages of wall heaters:

• Beautiful appearance, no sharp corners, does not heat up to a dangerous temperature. Can be installed in a child's room.
• High speed of heating the air in the room, since energy is not spent on heating the coolant, unlike the oil model, but the air immediately heats up.
• Heating does not burn oxygen, so there is no negative effect on human well-being.
• Application in damp rooms is possible, as the case is protected from moisture.
• The thermostat regulates the air heating temperature, can work in different modes.
• Easy installation.
• No noise.
• Does not require maintenance and supervision during operation.

Of the shortcomings, it is worth noting the significant consumption of electricity, and hence the large financial costs.

Floor electric convectors

This type of heater is distinguished by its mobility. It can be easily moved to any place, as there are legs or wheels on the bottom of the body. Most often, a tilt sensor is built into such mobile heaters. When dropped, the heater is de-energized, which protects the room from a possible fire.

In addition, floor convectors have the advantages of wall convectors.

Skirting convectors

Such heaters are built into the floor device. They have increased power, consume a lot of energy. Therefore, such plinth models are most often used in large volumetric premises, large supermarkets and organizations.

It is installed in a special niche in the floor. Only the decorative grille remains visible. A fan blows hot air out of it. Sometimes this type of heater is built into the windowsill or kitchen furniture.

Universal convectors

Such models are also called combined, as they can be mounted both on the wall and on the floor. When installing on the wall, special fasteners are used. When choosing a convector in a store, it is necessary to inspect its completeness, for the presence of wheels. With the help of them, the heater can be moved quickly and easily.

Needle heating elements

They are made in the form of a dielectric plate, on which a heating nichrome thread is fixed. It is covered with a special insulating varnish. This thread forms loops on both sides of the plate. Heating and cooling of such a heater occurs very quickly.

The main advantage of a convector with a needle heater is an acceptable cost. Among the shortcomings, one can single out a small durability, so if you have enough money, it is better to choose another model.

Tubular elements

They are made in the form of metal tubes, inside of which a nichrome or nickel thread is placed. The tubes are filled with a special insulating backfill with good thermal conductivity. On the outer surface of the tubes, aluminum alloy fins are made, which create good thermal convection and high-quality heat transfer.

Such elements heat up slightly, unlike needle models. They have a longer service life than needle ones. Some of the new heating elements are splash proof, so they can be used in bathrooms and other damp areas where water splashes are likely.

The disadvantage is the design and different material of the fins and tube. When starting to heat up or cool down, crackles are often heard. This is a consequence of the different coefficients of thermal expansion of the fins and tubes.

As a result of the considered types of heating elements, we can conclude that it is better to choose convector models with tubular or monolithic elements.

Monolithic elements

Electric convectors with such a monolithic heater do not create noise during operation, since their body is integral with the heating element. The case has ribs from which heat is transferred.

Such devices have high efficiency, low heat loss, and increased efficiency.

Types of thermostats

To maintain the required temperature in the room, the convector is equipped with such a device, called. There are several varieties. To understand which thermostat is best for you, you need to consider the features of their design and operation.

Mechanical

The thermostat with a simple mechanical structure has a low cost. However, during operation, some of its shortcomings are revealed:

• Noise is generated in the form of clicks when switching modes, which can annoy nervous people.
• Poor exposure mode and required temperature.
• Short service life, as moving rubbing parts and contacts wear out over time.
• It is dangerous to leave it unattended, as the contacts may overheat, which can lead to a fire.

Electronic

A thermostat with electronic filling significantly exceeds the capabilities of a mechanical model, and has the following advantages:

• Does not create noise.
• Maintains a stable set temperature with the smallest error.
• Reduces electrical energy consumption.
• It is possible to use the remote control function using the remote control.
• The presence of several modes of operation of the convector.
• The presence of a protected control unit, which increases the safety of using the convector.
• The high cost is more than offset by all the listed advantages.

Programmable

The convector control unit with the ability to install special programs is installed in expensive device models. Most often, such heaters have a remote control, with the ability to connect control from a smartphone, via the Internet via.

Operating modes can be programmed independently. There are also several ready-made programs installed by default. The heater is turned on using the control panel.

Secondary functions

Electric convectors of well-known companies are most often equipped with additional modules that create additional comfort in the room. Models with . Expensive heaters have automatic control and maintenance of the desired humidity in the room.

Convector power

When choosing a convector, one should not forget about such a parameter as power. Most often it is in the range of 0.5-3 kW. This power can be compared with irons. The definition of this characteristic depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room. And also, the higher the power, the greater the consumption of electrical energy.

To calculate the required power of the heater, it is recommended to follow this rule: for 1 m 2 of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room, a power of 0.1 kW is required. It follows that if the convector has a power of 1500 watts, then it will be enough to heat a room of 15 m 2 in size.

In order to calculate the financial costs of heating yourself, you need to multiply the power of the device by the estimated period of time the heater is used. As a result, you will get the energy consumption in kilowatt-hours. It remains only to multiply the cost of electricity by the result.

The presence of a power regulator on the heater is its indisputable advantage, since with it you can reduce or increase the heating power, depending on your desire and need. Such electric convectors are quite economical. They make it possible to reduce the financial costs of heating the room, depending on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room and the outside air temperature.

Also, when determining the required power of the convector, the following factors must be taken into account:

• In order to make the heating of the room of the highest quality, the number of convectors must correspond to the quality of the window insulation. With a single-layer double-glazed window, 10% is added to the power.
• If the heated room is located on the corner of the building, which means it has more windows, or can be located above a cold basement, then the convector power must be corrected and some margin should be made (coefficient 1.2).

To make a preliminary calculation of the required power, the considered data will be quite enough.

There is a wide variety of autonomous heating systems for the home. However, the most simple and effective to use are electric convectors.

How to choose an electric heating convector? Here you need to take into account many factors: technical characteristics, principle of operation, main features, pros and cons of this device.

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Electric convector device

An electric convector is an electric heater that uses a heating element (heater) to heat the air without connecting other heat carriers. The convector is mounted on the wall (about 200mm from the floor) or placed on the floor (on wheels or legs).

This is a flat metal device, in the body of which there are gratings: one in the lower part of the convector (narrow and directed to the floor), and the other in the upper part (occupies 20% of the surface). The heating element is located at the bottom of the device; special plates are placed on it, which improve the distribution of heat in the room. Thanks to them, the service life of the heating element increases.

Note!

The heating element is made of stainless steel, and inside it contains a filling of magnesite.

In addition to the heating element, there are other options for the heating device: spiral, ceramic or cermet. This is a fairly safe device, since its wiring is covered with double insulation. Despite the fact that it can heat up to a very high temperature, its walls maintain an optimal degree (no more than 60 °). And the control indicator automatically switches off the device at an overheat. There are convectors, the casing of which protects the device from moisture penetration.

Technical characteristics of the electric convector

The electric convector is installed on a special frame, fixed with screws, on any surface in the room. This mechanism has almost no effect on the humidity in the room. The automatic shutdown function does not affect the functionality of the device, and after turning on the convector immediately starts working in normal mode.

There are convectors with built-in thermostats and without them. Its function is to set the temperature required to keep the room warm. There are 2 types of thermostats: electronic and electromechanical. The electronic thermostat is almost silent, reliable and accurate (+ - 0.1 °), and the second has an accuracy of + - 1 °. The first version of the thermostat differs from the second in higher quality, (about 5% of electricity)

and a correspondingly higher price. The temperature is regulated by a step switch, and its range is from 6° to 32°C. The power of the device is about 3 kW.

In the most expensive models there is a programmable thermostat, with its help you can set the temperature regime that suits you for any day and time.

There are models of heaters that can be combined into a single chain under common control in order to heat several rooms at the same time.

Electric convectors of different sizes

The principle of operation of the electric convector

The quality of heat exchange depends on the height (about 45cm) of the convector. The more the density differs between its upper and lower parts, the more the air rises. Action: the warm air leaving the grate is replaced by cold air rising upwards, increasing in volume and smoothly spreading throughout the room. The inclination of the grate sets the direction of the warm flow, and therefore accelerates the air circulation in the room, without distributing it to the walls and windows.

But if there is a fan in its design, then nothing depends on the height of the device: the warm air flow is forced out of the heater housing. This type of convector has gratings in the upper and lower parts of the body, so that air can freely pass through them.

Types of electric convectors

There are 2 types of convectors:

• Floor (plinth);
• Wall mounted (stationary).

The plinth convector is quite wide - about 3000 mm, and the low heating temperature is compensated by the large dimensions of the heating element. Its heat transfer is less intensive, so the heat is distributed evenly. Floor devices effectively warm up the lower layers of air.

The wall convector has a height of up to 70 cm and a more powerful heating element than a plinth appliance. High convectors quickly and efficiently heat the room by accelerating heat transfer. They are not wide - about 8 cm, and the weight of the device depends on its power and size - 4-10 kg.

There are luxury convectors, and everything is explained by the fact that they are made of expensive glass-ceramics.

Floor electric convector

Choosing an electric convector

• Decide on the area of ​​the room, for example, the ratio of 90 W per 1 m² of room. To heat 10m², you need a convector with a power of 1000 watts. If the ceiling in the room is higher than the standard one (3m), then the power should be 2 times higher. If the heater performs the function of an auxiliary device, then the power must be reduced.
• Type of thermostat: electric or electromechanical. Heaters with a mechanical device are manually adjusted on a disk or keyboard electric panel and their price is slightly lower. They are not as accurate as electric ones and are slow to respond to temperature drops below the level. Heaters with an electromechanical device are more expensive (by 25%), and that's all, because they are more accurate and functional. Heaters with a programmable device have more flexible settings and regulate the temperature in the room by the hour. For example, when you are away, you can set +11 °, and before you return, trust the heater to increase it to a comfortable level. Therefore, it is considered the most economical.
• Optional accessories: removable wheels and frame with mounting holes. To remove it from the wall and with the help of wheels it is easy to transport it to any place convenient for you.
• Wall-mounted electric convectors need to determine the place where they will be fixed. In this case, it is necessary that there is enough free space on the wall around the device. It is also important to have an outlet near the heater in order to connect it to the network.
• The quality of the heating element (heater). It must be made of high-quality material, because it depends on how long the convector will last. The best performance material is high-quality steel, which will withstand temperature changes.
• Has an automatic shutdown system. Be sure to check that the device has an overheating protection function.
• Moisture protection. The standard level of protection should be 21 points. If you plan to install a heater in a room with high humidity, then ip should be from 25 points plus splash protection. Install it at a distance of 70-80 cm from the bath.

Electric convector control

Which electric convector is better?

If you are not interested in the question of price, then the best choice for you is a heater with a programmed thermostat. When choosing a device with a programmable or electronic element, pay attention to the model of famous and reliable brands. Every day their functions are improved, taking into account your needs: an ionizer and a humidifier until the timer signal.

Note!

If the room has high humidity, then it is better to buy a heater with a mechanical element.

Consider the manufacturer's requirements regarding the installation of the heater: the presence of a socket 9 cm from the device, and it should be placed on the side or bottom of the convector and in no case on top. The wire should not touch the body of the heater, and the distance between it and the wall should be about 6 mm. It is forbidden to cover the grate at the top of the appliance, as it can be broken if the automatic shut-off function is not available.

How to choose an electric heating convector video:

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Unfortunately, the centralized heating system has not yet reached its peak. Therefore, more and more often modern people who appreciate the comfort and warmth in the house, prefer convector heating.

At the same time, for the convenience of the user, there are several types of equipment under consideration. What is better than heating with convectors from a standard heating system? What are the advantages and what are the disadvantages? Which coolant should be preferred? How to choose? We will try to answer all these questions below.

The device of the convector and the principle of operation

The main component of the convector is the heating element.

The operation of the convector is based on the principle of convective draft, in other words, heat transfer. Thermal thrust can occur naturally or be created by force. In the second case, the equipment efficiency indicators are significantly higher than in the first case.

Cold air masses located in the lower part of the room enter the grate of the convector unit, where they heat up and lose density. After that, already hot air exits through the end grate upwards. Any convector equipment is equipped with a fan designed to create a convection air flow, thereby increasing the efficiency of the device.

Types of innovative heating equipment

It is customary to distinguish several types of convectors depending on the classification feature. So, depending on the type of power source, convector equipment can be:

• electrical;
• water;
• gas.

Depending on the design features:

Why are convectors good?

1. Security. Convectors are equipped with a heating element, which, despite its large area, does not heat up to high temperatures. That is why the considered heating equipment is suitable for rooms of any type. But that's not all: the convectors support an automatic shutdown system in case of overheating, thus eliminating even the slightest chance of flammability.

2. The convector is its own boss. Heating with convectors does not require constant supervision. The user only needs to initially set up and program the unit, and he will do the rest.

3. Does not dry the air. In a room heated by convectors, the air does not dry out, which favorably affects the well-being of a person and his health in general.

4. Easy to install. To install the equipment, you do not need special knowledge and experience, because for this you just need to screw in a few screws, which even a schoolboy can do. In addition, the convector can be installed on any surface.

And there is a disadvantage too!

Convectors have only one drawback: their installation is impossible if there is not enough free space for placement.

Electric type convectors: pros and cons

The electric convector is a reliable replacement for central heating. The equipment has become widespread among the population of the entire globe due to its many advantages:

1. Instant heating of a room or premises. All that is needed for the convector to perform its main function is to connect the unit to the network. Naturally, you must first install the device, following the instructions.

2. Acceptable cost. The group of goods, the price category of which is lower than that of boilers and radiators, includes electric heating convectors. The average price varies from 100 to 150 dollars.

3. Easy to install. Any person can carry out installation work, ranging from a simple average consumer to a professional-level builder-repairer. Given the above, one more plus can be distinguished - efficiency, since installation and maintenance costs are not provided.

4. Does not burn oxygen.

5. Silence. Heating with convectors does not provide for any extraneous noise, since the design of the unit does not contain any moving elements.

6. Maintains a given temperature in a room or room at a predetermined level.

7. The efficiency factor (COP) reaches the maximum level and is equal to 95%.

Electric convectors are endowed with one single visible drawback - significant spending on electricity. The more the convector heats up, the warmer it will be in the room and the higher the electricity costs.

How to choose an electric convector

The choice of a specific model of an electric convector depends on a number of criteria:

1. Area to be heated. This parameter will help you choose equipment based on its power. It takes 800-1000 watts to heat one square meter. So, if the area of ​​​​the room is 15 square meters. m, then heating with convectors will be effective only if the power of the equipment is at least 1200 watts.

2. Thermostat type. There are mechanical, electronic and programmable. The first one is manually adjusted by pressing the corresponding keys on the control panel (push-button or disk), the second ones are electronically controlled and demonstrate absolute accuracy in operation, but are more expensive than the previous type. Programmable thermostats are characterized by excessive flexibility of settings and the ability to maintain the temperature in the room hourly. So, if there is no one at home, then during this time period the convector will heat the room, for example, up to +15 0 C, and before the arrival of the owners - up to +24 0 C. This type is the most economical.

3. Heating element. The main element of the electric convector, the quality of which determines the maximum possible service life. The heating element must be made of high quality steel.

4. Overheat protection. Must be present in automatic mode.

5. Degrees of protection against moisture. It should be at least 21 IP, and in a room with high humidity, the IP level of the heater should be more than 24 IP.

Gas heaters

Gas convector - private "express heating" equipment. It is a means of solving the heating problem for houses where the owners rarely appear, garages, utility rooms.

The main structural element is a heat exchanger, which is heated by the combustion of blue fuel. The output of combustion products is carried out through a coaxial chimney.

If the heated room is connected to a gas main, the gas convector is connected directly to it, if not, gas cylinders are used.

Water convector equipment: design and functionality

Structurally, a water convector is quite simple: its main components are a casing and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is a collection of several copper tubes through which the coolant is transported. The tubes are equipped with aluminum fins, which are designed to increase the heat transfer area. But the efficiency of heat transfer depends on the distance between these ribs: it should be neither large nor minimal. The number of costal septa is also important, no more than the intercostal distance.

Built-in water convectors are also equipped with special additional grilles, which act as a decor and hide the unit from the eyes. The size of the cells of the gratings is of culminating importance: they must have a significant area of ​​​​holes and lye so that the heat flow proceeds unhindered.

Another element is a valve that regulates the supply of heat carrier. The valve is inextricably linked to the thermostat. An air vent is also installed. 2-3 heat exchangers can be placed in one casing.

Popular among convectors "on the water" for a long time remained the convector "Universal". This is a convective action device with a ribbed heating surface. What attracted consumers? Its relatively low cost. But scientific and technological progress does not stand still, and today a lot of new generation convectors are presented on the heating equipment market, which are characterized by a more modern modification, aesthetic appearance and higher heat transfer rates than those that the Universal convector has. Today day "universal" heating system is inefficient and causes complaints from consumers.

All parts of water-type convectors are made of metals with a high degree of heat transfer. This allows you to reduce the heating time of the equipment and increase the efficiency of its operation. In addition, water convectors can be connected according to the side or end connection scheme.

When choosing electric heating equipment for heating our home, we strive to acquire equipment that would suit us in every respect. The same applies to electric convectors, which are actively used for heating houses. In this article, we decided to consider all types of electric convectors so that you can really make the right choice and purchase equipment that is optimal in terms of characteristics and properties. In conclusion, we will give user reviews.

Electric convectors and their main varieties

Convectors are heating equipment powered by the mains and providing heating due to convection of heated air masses. The main nodes in their design are electric ribbed heating elements that heat the air. After the equipment is connected to the network, the heating process begins - hot air gradually rises, and cold air masses enter in its place.

After some time, the rooms become noticeably warmer - electric convectors gradually warm up the entire volume of the atmosphere in the rooms. The process is monitored by automation that regulates the air temperature. As soon as the heating reaches the set limit, the heating element will turn off. If the air cools down, the automation will energize the heater to restore the temperature balance.

There are many types of electric convectors. They are:

• Wall and floor;
• Waterproof;
• With forced and artificial convection;
• With electronic or mechanical control.

Let's try to consider these types in more detail.

Floor and wall convectors

Considering the types of heating convectors, you should immediately pay attention to their division into floor and wall units. Floor electric convectors are installed on special legs, most often supplemented with rotating wheels. They can be installed anywhere - under the windows, against a blank wall, next to the sofa. If necessary, the legs can be removed and the equipment can be hung on the wall.

Wall models are designed for installation along blank walls or under window sills. For their installation, the simplest brackets are used - regardless of the type, electric convectors are extremely light in weight, which greatly simplifies their installation. But the legs for floor installation are here as an additional option (sometimes they are supplied in the kit, sometimes they are not).

We recommend purchasing electric convectors, which can be used not only in a stationary version, but also in a mobile one. To do this, you should choose floor modifications, since the legs are always supplied here (and most often they are removed). If you experience discomfort, you can bring another convector into the room, for example, from an adjacent unused room.

Floor models of convectors prevail in sales, as they are more convenient than their stationary wall types, the legs for which are an option.

Floor convectors

Convectors built into the floor are an excellent option for rooms with panoramic windows.

Considering the types of electric convectors, one cannot pass by models that are focused on embedding in floors. They are used:

• In rooms with panoramic windows;
• In children's rooms, where it is desirable to get rid of hot heaters;
• In small rooms where there is simply nowhere to install conventional convectors;
• To create thermal curtains in doorways (for example, between a room and a hallway).

Built-in types of electric convectors are built into special niches where wires with electricity fit. Decorative grilles are mounted on top of them, through which cold air is received and heated is removed.

When installing a built-in type of electric convectors under panoramic windows, it is necessary to ensure that the intake of air masses is carried out from the side of the windows.

Built-in electric convectors are compact in size - this is necessary so that the niches for their installation have reasonable dimensions. Some of them are long, they are made specifically for large windows and are characterized by increased power. The main disadvantage of this type is the high cost.- the prices for electric built-in convectors bite a little, but in some cases you can’t do without them.

Waterproof convection heaters

When installing heating equipment in the bathroom, make sure that it is designed for this.

If you need a heater for installation in a damp room, take a look at the convectors, which are characterized by a moisture-proof design. When choosing them in the catalogs of online stores, pay attention to the presence of the mark “protection against moisture”. This means that such convectors easily endure operation in damp rooms. For example, they can be installed in bathrooms, toilets, damp basements.

There are many electric convectors on sale that are protected from moisture. These can be both simple models, costing up to 2000 rubles, and more advanced models with electronic thermostats, advanced controls and other goodies. If you use types of electric convectors that are not protected from moisture, you may expose the equipment to the risk of breakage - water and water vapor that get inside can damage the appliances.

Electronic and mechanical control

• Samples with mechanical control - equipped with thermostats built on the basis of bimetallic plates. They control the contact groups, turning on or off the heating elements. The main advantage of such electric convectors is their simplicity, the disadvantage is reduced efficiency;
• Types with electronic control - here the temperature is monitored using electronic sensors connected to the control modules. Thanks to the use of precise electronics, the temperature in such units can be set with an accuracy of 0.5-1 degrees (in models with mechanical control, approximate divisions are used). Electric convectors with electronic control are more expensive, but they save up to 5-10% of electricity.

The presence of electronic control allows you to count on the presence of many additional functions - this is work on a timer or a given program, displaying the current air temperature, working in the "anti-freeze" mode.

With natural and artificial convection

The principle of operation of models built into the floor with natural and forced convection.

Almost all models of convectors work due to natural convection - this is quite enough to completely warm the air in rooms with a ceiling height of up to three meters. But after the initial start-up, it may take too long to fully warm up - the natural movement of air masses is a lengthy process that requires a certain amount of time.

In order to reduce the duration of heating, some types of electric convectors are equipped with fans to create forced convection. As a result, the rooms become warmer much faster - some models warm up the premises in just 30-40 minutes. After that, forced convection can be turned off - to further maintain the temperature, the natural movement of air masses is sufficient.

Popular models of electric convectors

Continuing the review of convectors, we will consider the most popular models present on the domestic market. Their list includes really top samples:

We will give more detailed information about them.

Before us is a fairly popular type of electric convectors - this is a floor-wall model, equipped with legs with wheels for floor mounting. The model is endowed with advanced electronic control with an accurate thermostat and a digital thermometer. Also included is a remote control. It is possible to work on a timer, the anti-freeze function is implemented, there is a light indication.

The power of the model is 500/1000 W - step-by-step power adjustment is implemented here. The maximum heated area is up to 15 sq. m. To protect against switching modes, a child lock is provided. It is impossible not to mention the magnificent external data - we can attribute this electric convector to a designer look, because its front panel is made of impressive black glass ceramics.

The following electric convector is waterproof. The Electrolux ECH / AG-1500EFR unit has a power of 750 to 1500 W (switched in steps). The heating area can reach 20 square meters. m, the control system used is electronic, with a 24-hour timer. The body of the device is protected from moisture, and its design provides for multi-stage air purification.

The presented device is characterized by an affordable cost and can be used both in wall and floor form.

Electric convectors Nobo C4E10 are distinguished by their high cost, but they are made by one of the most advanced brands on the market. When compared with other types and models, should be noted resistance to breakage and durability of equipment. The power is 1000 W, the heated area is up to 15 square meters. m. The device is designed for wall mounting, although it can also work in the floor version. True, the legs will have to be purchased separately, which does not fit in with such an expensive device.

Its cost is 2-3 times higher than that of electric convectors of a similar type with similar technical characteristics, but from other developers.

Inexpensive, but durable electric convector NeoClima Comforte T1.5 has a power of 1.5 kW and can heat up to 20 square meters. m. It is endowed with simple mechanical control and frost protection, has a moisture-proof housing. Wall and floor installation is allowed, legs with wheels are supplied. The reasonable price of the device is explained by its simple design - this type of electric convectors will be optimal for summer cottages.