What does the word parapet mean. The parapet is what it is and why is it needed, we study and do it ourselves. Parapets for concrete and brick fences

Safety on the street, at work and at home is the main requirement for a fulfilling life. The construction industry is actively assisting in this matter, together with employees of housing offices and executive authorities, since the level of accidents on roads and roofs goes beyond the permissible limits. Building builders and road pavers are fighting this problem with parapets.

What is the parapet of the building?

The word itself came to us from the French language "parapet", and this word is also found in the Italian language, which is defined as "lofty wall". In our everyday language, a parapet stands for an elongated wall on roofs and roads that serves as a safety barrier against falls and accidents, like a handrail on a bridge, rooftops, stairs and hills. Often when building private houses, between the second and first floors, they use it to create a recreation area, instead of a balcony, because the parapet allows in this case to expand the space. In other cases, it narrows the space and somewhat limits it.

According to SNiP, the device of parapets is necessary for roofs:

with a height of over 10 m (up to the eaves) and a slope of up to 12%;
with a height of more than 7 m and a slope of more than 12%;

History of parapet development in buildings

For the first time, the parapet was used in the construction of buildings at the end of the 15th century AD in France in the town of Steibulein. Later, this idea was picked up by Greece, Spain and Italy. Turkey decorated the parapets of the building with national and religious patterns and drawings. Since the twentieth century, there has been an intensive "breakthrough" in the development of the auto industry, which has introduced many rules and adjustments to the charter of society's behavior on the roads. So, the rules of the road appeared. The main rule on the road has always been considered - the safety of the life of the pedestrian and the driver. And bridges, uneven paths in contact with the sidewalk, carried a huge danger to society. At high speed, the car often fell into a pond, rates, a river due to the fact that there were no restrictive elements on the roads. For this purpose, curbs and roadside fences were invented. In order to eliminate accidents on buildings and multi-storey buildings since the 1950s in the USSR, architects have necessarily used this element of "insurance" on the roofs of buildings and balconies. To this day, builders and architects adhere to this building rule. And also on balconies and bridges, railings are used, which are also a subspecies of the parapet.

What are the building parapets:

flat, their surface is completely flat, they are equipped with droppers responsible for water drainage, which are divorced in opposite directions;
ridge, which are attached from below and covered with a visor;
complex, the water in them is removed from two different sides, and the droppers are bent under the visor;
simple, having two slopes;
curly, outwardly reminiscent of a railing.

Parapet types

Fence;
Fundamental;
For roof and roofing;
Border;
Roadside.

The fence most often has some kind of ornament or drawing, since it ends with a diagram of the structure of the fence. The use of a forged fence made of metal not only decorates the outer shape of the fence, but also ensures the safety of the property and does not enter private territory.

Foundation strengthens the structure and provides additional space for waterproofing purposes. This type is also often used in playgrounds: in sandboxes and play areas. In this case, the parapet reflects the role of the playground boundary. When building professional pools, a parapet must be created to it, which helps to retain the pool water.

Curb and roadside differ only in height, but in general, that one, that one - is performed on the motorway and on the roads. The curb protects pedestrians from collisions of the car on the sidewalk, and the roadside protects the car from dangerous sections of the road: a bridge, a cliff, a sharp and dangerous descent, a faulty road. The traffic rules indicate the places where the parapet on the road must be present in good working order, which are equipped with special night vision lights.

Methods for making a parapet

A parapet is made from almost any building material. For office buildings, a lightweight construction of metal pipes covered with plastic or glass is usually used. The safety regulation requires a parapet on the roof of a building to be at least 0.60 cm in height. On an unsafe roof, the construction of metal pipes ensures a safe stay on the roof.

Another fairly common form is considered to be a forged parapet made of metal products: this type of manufacture not only looks aesthetically pleasing, but also has the longest service life. Forged products are made from stainless material. The most common type is made of bricks or concrete mass. This type is considered the most affordable, economical, from a material point of view, and easy to build. Only now it requires regular maintenance of appearance with the help of special solutions and paints. This type is used in the construction of roads and private houses.

For the roof and roof, the parapet is mainly used in the construction of high-rise buildings, since the roof is unsafe for residents and people around it, as well as in order to organize a wastewater vault. Usually, this type of parapet has special sockets with a sewer hole for the sewer.

Important! A parapet on a flat roof can be combined, consisting of several different materials. For example, metal railings are often installed on a concrete or brick base.

It is best to entrust the fasteners and the structure of the parapet to professionals, despite the fact that it is not so difficult to remove it yourself. The whole problem is the quality and safety of the fastening. Basically, companies specializing in installation work perform fastening and installation of parapets on any part of the building. They also provide a guarantee of the safety of this work and insurance. Thanks to special fasteners, this type of work is carried out with the main goal - to protect people from accidents.

Each person strives to improve his home and surrounding space. Of course, in this case, you cannot do without construction work. But, as everyone knows, some participants in the erected structures are exposed to the negative influence of the environment. These areas include:

protrusions;
fence walls;
openings of windows outside;
foundations.

A parapet can be used to protect these areas from adverse effects. The parapet is a kind of continuous wall of low height, which is able to protect the parapet from various mechanical damage and various environmental influences.

A sloped roof is a roof with slopes greater than 7 °. Lining - the building layer of the roof for the installation of vapor barrier, thermal insulation, waterproofing or other layer. A roof is the upper part of a building that protects the interior from the atmosphere from the effects of the atmosphere.

Roof structure - the structure of the roof of the building products used and their layers. Flooring is a structure that is installed on the surface of the ground, overlaid or on the surface of the roof. The Rules use values, their symbols and units. The Rules use the following.

Comfortable and safe steps should be installed on the roof. Roofs should be installed in such a way that the interior of the building and the roof structure under the waterproofing layers are protected from external rain and snow. Roofs must have a sufficient slope to drain rainwater. Construction materials adapted to the slope of the roof must be used for roof waterproofing layers.

Parapet application

Parapets are also installed on flat or pitched roofs. It can also serve as a decorative function. This structure must be installed in a place where people are expected to stay. According to building codes, the minimum height of the parapet should be from 45 to 120 cm. Often an apron is installed on top of the structure, which protects it from destruction.

Water from the roof of the building should be taken in such a way as not to damage structures, roads, sidewalks, adjacent buildings, without damaging the environment. On roofs with eaves higher than 6 m from the ground, a roof drainage system must be provided. Roof structures are allowed to use certified structural products in due course.

Roof structures do not allow the use of building products that interact with each other during the installation and operation of roofs, reducing the durability of each other. Roofs must be chemically resistant to environmental influences. Lightning rods should be installed on roofs.

Parapet fabric

Parapets are made from various materials: concrete blocks, bricks, monolithic reinforced concrete and metal. In our country, metal is more common. Such structures can be installed quickly and easily. Such metal structures are made of galvanized steel, which is a reliable and functional material. A parapet structure of this type has a rather long service life. There are parapets made of copper, which is highly durable. This kind of design will not make you think about replacing the design with a new one.

Flat roofs include roofs with a slope of not less than 0.7 ° and not more than 7 °. When constructing roofs with a gradient from 0.7 ° to 1.4 °, building materials and structural solutions specifically designed for this sloped roof must be used in accordance with the recommendations for installing a waterproofing coating.

Requirements for a flat roof structure. When designing and installing flat roof roof structures, the use of the following layers of roof structures should be evaluated. Vapor barrier layer. Formation layer. Heat insulating layer. Windproof layers.

Parapet installation

Parapet installation is a responsible occupation. Attention: many masters do not recommend trusting an amateur with this process. After all, this other has many nuances - for example, the correct installation of the parapet assembly is a part of the structure that is adjacent to the wall. After all, the installation of this section will be responsible for the reliability and efficiency of the structure as a whole.

Steam pressure smoothing layer. Additional waterproofing layers. Waterproofing roof coverings. Waterproof coating layer. Depending on the roof structure and the building products used, all of the above and other necessary layers can be provided, but layers not mentioned here, or can be equipped with combinations of individual layers.

Requirements for flat roofing materials and floor coverings. The use of non-flammable and non-volatile thermal insulation products for construction purposes is allowed for thermal insulation of ventilated flat, maintenance-free roofs. These building products can be paved or, if necessary, approved to prevent rolling.

Today, parapet structures are actively used on the external slopes of windows (they are called external window sills, ebb tides). External window sills have a flat profile. Their main task is to protect the window slope from the influence of various adverse environmental factors. Such ebbs are made of metal: aluminum or galvanized steel.

The surface of the concrete cladding and the leveling layers for the waterproofing and vapor barrier layer must be smooth, clean and dry, cracks and cracks must be sealed. There must be a deformation gap of at least 20 mm between the waterproofing coating and the vertical surfaces facing the roof. Wooden decks for waterproofing and vapor barrier must be flat and solid. The wooden deck for waterproofing should be equipped with a ventilation air gap or ventilation ash.

Types of parapets

You should decide in advance on the type of parapet. Exist:

a flat parapet that has a smooth surface and drip tips set to the side.
parapet construction of a flat shape with a rectangular drip. This form has a rectangular bend at the bottom. This ensures a high-quality and reliable fit between the structure and the surface to be installed.
parapet construction with two slopes. It is used mainly to protect the walls of the fence from various damages.
parapet with two slopes and a rectangular drip. Differs in high reliability.
The ridge parapet is distinguished by a lower fastening, which is covered with a visor from above.
a complex parapet, which includes a water runoff that can go in two directions. This type of parapet is the most reliable and durable, thanks to the features of the installation of the parapet assembly.

When it comes to the parapet, many people wonder what it is and why is it needed?

The moisture content of wood for installation is no more than 20% and no less than 8%. Above rooms in which the relative air humidity exceeds 70%, the use of vapor barrier substrates does not allow the use of wood products. The joints of thermal insulation products used to install waterproofing coatings or vapor barrier layers must be offset from each other in relation to each other. Interconnections of "sewn" thermal insulation products are not allowed. The mechanical resistance of the thermal insulation materials should be selected based on the potential impact of the loads.

The main function of the parapet is to protect the roof, foundation, walls, window openings, fences from various environmental influences. It helps to hide all existing flaws in the roof, is able to set a certain style for the entire building.

Despite the fact that the parapet helps not only to protect the structure, but also gives it a special style, there are certain requirements that must be met during the construction of a building.

The minimum requirements for mineral wool and expanded polystyrene thermal insulation materials are as follows. In other cases - 60 kPa. All metal and tin elements used for the manufacture of roofing structures must have corrosion-resistant construction products: galvanized steel, stainless steel, copper, and the like.

When plastic sheeting and similar construction products are used on roofs above a heated vapor barrier, it is not permitted to install the vapor barrier directly on the surface of the trapezoidal steel sheets. In the case of polyethylene films and similar construction products, a uniform, hard vapor barrier must be installed over the trapezoidal steel sheets.

The essence of the concept

So what is a parapet? A parapet is a low wall that is located along the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony, and so on. Basically, such a fence is solid, made of metal.

The shape of the parapet can be completely different, for example, straight, angular, arched, rounded. There are also various surface treatments such as matt, polished, sand, tiled and brushed.

In other cases, the thickness of the insulation products used for the decks should be based on calculations. Installation of a longitudinal insulating layer over the trapezoidal steel sheet. Insulation requirements for flat roofs. The vapor barrier layer must be installed in such a way that moisture does not accumulate in the roof structures. An insulating layer on roofs above heated rooms must be installed on the inside of the thermosetting layer. Joints for building products used for the roof sealing layer must be glued, glued or otherwise sealed.

When choosing the shape and material of the fence, it is important to proceed from the appearance of the building in order to preserve the style of the building.

Application

The parapet is used on both flat and pitched roofs. This type of fencing is installed in places where there is a possibility of people staying. It is used both as a safety, protection from natural phenomena, and has a certain decorative function.

The vapor barrier layer should extend to the top of the thermal insulation layer at the joints with the walls, as well as structures and roof elements passing through the dowel. The vapor expansion layer of the expansion joints must be installed in such a way that the edges of the building are free of moisture and coatings.

Flat roofs that are installed above horizontal reinforced concrete substructures must first be fitted with a sloped layer and a vapor barrier must be installed above the slope formation layer. This requirement does not apply when the slope formation layer is fitted with factory-designed thermal insulation products specially designed for this purpose.

The height of the parapet should not exceed 45 centimeters, and in some cases even 120 centimeters, according to building codes. Quite often, a special apron is installed on top of the fence, which should protect the structure from possible destruction.

Please note that parapets are used both for the purpose of protecting the building from wind, rain and other natural phenomena, and for the purpose of masking the unevenness of the roof or hiding blocks of air conditioners and other systems.

Requirements for waterproofing reinforcement of non-external flat roofs. The roof waterproofing roof must provide the required number of additional waterproofing layers, layouts and building products to install these layers. Requirements for connecting non-extruded roof joints to vertical surfaces.

Before installing waterproofing rollers on a vertical masonry wall, the masonry must be wiped clean or the masonry must be filled and the surface leveled. At the joints of the roof with walls and other vertical surfaces, the latter must be covered with a waterproofing coating at least 300 mm above the roof plane. When connecting to parapet sections, when the height of the parapet is less than 300 mm, the waterproofing should be laid over the parapet and fixed. The edge of the waterproof cover must be sealed to prevent water from entering the roof structure.

Installation features

Parapet installation is a very important part of construction, which has a huge number of different nuances.

Requirements for deformation joints in a waterproofing roof. Expansion joints must be removed from walls, parapets and other parts of the building that extend at least 500 mm above the roof. The distance between the expansion joints should be such as to ensure the tightness of the waterproofing coating and its resistance to breakage due to deformation phenomena.

Expansion joints should be installed at deformation joints located at the height of the building. The structure of the expansion joint must be such that, in the event of deformation, water does not flow through the joint. Non-flammable thermal insulation construction products should be used for deformation connection inserts.

The main feature of the parapet installation is the assembly of the unit, that is, the part of the structure that adjoins the wall of the building.

It's important to know: do not trust amateurs or people without a certain experience, installation of a parapet, it is better to seek help from professionals.

Recently, quite often a similar design plan is used for the outer slopes of windows. They are also called ebb. They also serve to protect windows from adverse factors.

Expansion joints in the building structure, deck and waterproofing roof covering must be aligned. Leveling layer requirements for water vapor pressure on unplanned roofs for flat roofs. A vapor pressure equalization layer must be installed under the waterproofing layer.

When a waterproofing coating is installed on concrete or reinforced concrete floors, an equalizing layer for the water vapor pressure must be installed. Microposes of the vapor pressure equalization layer of the vapor should be in contact from the outside through parapets, cornices or ventilation chambers.

Varieties

The correct arrangement of parapets is the final part of the design of any structure and house; without this detail, the construction site will be considered unfinished.

Requirements for flat roof parapets. Parapets must be raised above the surface of the waterproofing roof covering at least 100 mm. The perimeter of the entire building must be at the same level. The slope of the upper part of the parapets should be on the side of the roof and not less than 2.9 °.

It must be applied to the wall of a vertical wall on both sides of the wall, in the case of a shielding parapath: in the case of ceramic, silicate finishing bricks and other cold-resistant building products for outdoor decoration, at least 100 cooling and heating cycles of at least 50 mm, and for minimum frost resistance - not less than 80 mm. The minimum wall thickness of tin cannot be less than that indicated in table 1.

There are several types of fences:

flat parapet with rectangular dropper. This option is the most reliable in terms of fasteners;
flat and even parapet with droppers spread apart;
fencing "ridge". This design has a distinctive feature in the form of lower fasteners and a visor on top;
parapet with two slopes;
two slopes and a rectangular drip. This type of construction is very reliable;
a complex design option that has two droppers, through which the water must flow in two directions.

How best to arrange

To create a parapet on a crash, use:

Minimal overlap of the tin element on the wall. Requirements for non-exhaust ventilation ventilation air. Requirements for sewage from flat roofs. The diameter and number of valves in the internal drainage system should be calculated. The roof must be equipped with at least two doors. Instead of two nozzles, it is allowed to install one dish with a plumbing device in the parapet.

The cross-section of the drain pipe should be calculated based on calculations. The distance between the wires should be calculated. In the roof area, the valves should be located at the lowest roof positions. The roof surface of the center of the center of the vertical slope of at least 0.5 m must have a slope of at least 6 ° in the tower.

reinforced concrete;
brick;
metal;
concrete blocks.

Please note that fences made of metal, mainly galvanized steel, are especially popular, since they are more reliable and do not corrode.

For fences of loggias and balconies, they are mainly used:

concrete;
metal;
foam block;
wood.

Most often, the height of such parapets is about 80 - 120 centimeters.

The openings must be at least 500 mm from the edge of the roof, parapet, roof windows, ventilation openings, expansion joints and walls facing the roof. The edges must be protected to prevent leaves and gravel from entering the water supply. The drainage sections of the internal water freezing system must be insulated or heated.

There must be a deformation gap of at least 1 mm between the groove and the cover. Roof gutters must have a slope of at least 1.4 ° in the tower. Other requirements for roofs without a flat roof. The bottom of doors, windows, showcases and hatches must be at least 250 mm above the roof surface. The threshold of the door and the upper part of the hatches must be covered with tin or protected with special profiles. The waterproofing cover must be under the tin.

Modern designers offer glass railings for loggias or balconies, thereby making them more attractive and original. Aluminum structures also look pretty stylish, while being more resistant to breakage.

Federal Law No. 122-FZ

When installing the parapet, one should take into account the federal law, according to which, the height of the fence in industrial buildings must be more than 60 centimeters and in addition, it is necessary to make a lattice fence.

As for residential buildings, their roofs must also be protected with parapets.

The height of the fencing of roofs, balconies and terraces in public buildings (clinics, shopping centers, etc.) must exceed 90 centimeters. In addition, the fence should always be solid and have handrails.

Please note that regardless of the height of the structure, the parapet should always be on flat roofs.
Thus, the parapet is an integral part of any building. Its main task is to protect the structure from the negative effects of the environment.

Keep in mind: only professionals should be engaged in the installation of the fence, since this kind of construction work has many different nuances, ignorance of which may negatively affect the future.

Parapets can be of various shapes, varieties, materials. Their choice depends primarily on the functional load of the fence and the concept of the building. It should be noted that the federal law contains the basic requirements for the height of the fence, which must be adhered to during construction.

protrusions;
fence walls;
openings of windows outside;
foundations.

Parapet application

Parapet fabric

Parapet installation

Types of parapets

You should decide in advance on the type of parapet. Exist:

a flat parapet that has a smooth surface and drip tips set to the side.
parapet construction of a flat shape with a rectangular drip. This form has a rectangular bend at the bottom. This ensures a high-quality and reliable fit between the structure and the surface to be installed.
parapet construction with two slopes. It is used mainly to protect the walls of the fence from various damages.
parapet with two slopes and a rectangular drip. Differs in high reliability.
The ridge parapet is distinguished by a lower fastening, which is covered with a visor from above.
a complex parapet, which includes a water runoff that can go in two directions. This type of parapet is the most reliable and durable, thanks to the features of the installation of the parapet assembly.

If you are determined to build your home with a trendy and functional flat roof, then it's time to think well of its fencing! So an open area at a height will be safe, comfortable and suitable even for children to play. Moreover, the roof parapet will simultaneously fulfill an important aesthetic role, giving the exterior of the building a complete, logical and stylish look.

You will be surprised to learn how many types of parapets there are, what design masterpieces are made of them and which option is most suitable for you!

So let's start with what exactly is called a roof parapet and how it should be. In fact, this is a low perimeter fence, which is equipped not only on roofs, but also on terraces, balconies, bridges and even embankments. The parapet is rightfully ranked among the architectural elements of buildings, because it is always visible, even from afar.

Rain and melt water often falls not only on the cornices, but also on the attics and walls, which are gradually filled with moisture. After some time, the surface begins to crumble, and the masonry begins to collapse. It is precisely in order to protect the walls that parapets are installed.

The profiles themselves are often used as lightning rods. To do this, they are grounded, the profiles themselves are chosen from a rather thick metal with a folded or terminal connection, high-temperature soldering, welding or threaded connections. But in Russia there is still no official permission to use a metal parapet as a lightning rod, as in many other countries.

What is, in essence, a lightning rod? This is a metal part that intercepts the lightning discharge and does not allow the structure to come into contact with the high-temperature channel. And any lightning rod must include three main elements: a lightning receiver, a down conductor and grounding.

According to Russian legislation, a lightning rod can be made of steel, aluminum or copper with a thickness of 50, 70 and 35 mm2, respectively, and a minimum thickness of at least 0.5 mm.

At the same time, neither a layer of plastic up to 1 mm, nor a layer of anticorrosive paint and even an asphalt pavement up to 0.5 mm serve as an obstacle for the lightning. In principle, a metal parapet meets these requirements if there is no combustible building structure underneath. But often it is made from other materials too:

Types and types of roof fences

You have probably noticed that most often the edges of a flat roof are trimmed with metal profiles in the form of attic. This is necessary in order to effectively separate rainwater from the walls, to protect the roofing material from mechanical damage and to provide the most reliable waterproofing of the parapet.

It will be interesting for you to know that in Western countries, the shape of the parapet profile is not chosen based on economic considerations or design ideas - everyone dictates the codes of construction work.

The profiles for the parapet themselves are load-bearing and non-load-bearing. If they are mounted on special, corrosion-resistant fasteners and brackets, these are load-bearing systems. In this case, the profile itself must be of sufficient thickness, from 1.25 mm, and resistant to any wind.

But non-bearing profiles are attached to auxiliary and supporting structures. They are much thinner, from only 0.4 to 0.8 mm, made of anti-corrosion metal, as well as wood. The compensation strip is glued below the main profile.

The main requirement for the corners and joints of the parapet is water resistance. Therefore, the frame fasteners are always flush mounted. A tWhere the metal edging is glued to the edges of the roof, the overlap width must be at least 120 mm and all joints must be waterproof.

If in the process of arranging the parapet you have to install elements with a length of 3 meters or more, then additional structures will be needed.

In total, the thickness of the metal directly depends on the purpose of the parapet:

To solve a problem of any complexity, companies today offer a large selection: parapets of various shapes, corners, decorative strips and special fixation elements.

The main requirement for the parapet is that the edging should be located at a slope to the horizontal surface and equipped with a cornice.

Technical requirements and building codes

With a minimum or zero angle of inclination, the metal parapet is able to withstand increased atmospheric loads.

Modern parapets are made of copper, aluminum and titanium-zinc. Depending on the material of manufacture, the method of joining the profile is selected: riveting, double seam, welding and high- or low-temperature brazing.

For a copper profile, it is necessary to install a cornice with a size of 50 mm or more. Separately, we also note titanium-zinc, which has its own installation rules: installation with a slope of at least 3 °, and up to 15 ° you need to lay a separating layer with a drainage function.

In Russia, they are rare, but still there are wooden parapets. Naturally, a cover must also be installed on top of them, but this time with an anti-condensation superdiffuse membrane. To do this, you need to install strips on which the top cover will be attached. Next, a part of the membrane is laid at the corner.

Now, metal strips are also installed on the sides of the parapet, which will protect the tree. A cover is made of a metal sheet (in this case, titanium-zinc is suitable):

To join the profiles of the parapet end-to-end, you need a standing, double or recumbent seam, as well as lining strips. Abroad, some rules for arranging the parapet recommend connecting the corners of the attic by welding, or cutting the corners of the attic from a single canvas, while others say that only internal corners should be made of two parts. In a word, to some extent, both options are acceptable.

The main thing is only to take into account the linear expansion and contraction of the metal, because the parapet is in the open air, and most of all the structures of the house heats up in the heat and rapidly loses temperature in frost.

Therefore, if you fix the roof parapet too rigidly, for example, using a standing seam, or directly position the metal profiles on the edge of the roof, then material distortion cannot be avoided.

That is why, if the standing seam technique has already been applied, it is also necessary to use overlapping butt strips and expansion joints:

Arrangement of a parapet on a residential building

Additional support and auxiliary structures are made of steel, aluminum and wood profiles. If you prefer wood, the bars should be at least 30 mm thick, plus treat them with bio and fire retardants.

If you think metal substructures are more reliable, then take a steel profile or stainless aluminum. Ideally, it will be the same metal as the parapet, otherwise consider the compatibility of such materials.

By the way, in Russia, most often parapets are simply glued together. For this, special adhesives are produced for fixing metal products to almost any surface. Those. parapet, cornice and ebb tide can be securely fixed to concrete, wood or brick surfaces.

For this purpose, moisture-resistant plywood is most often laid on the supporting base of the roof perimeter and fixed. Such a base for the parapet is almost perfect, and the metal is attached with glue from Enke. This method, unlike others, allows not only to achieve a flat surface and to provide the desired reduction in wind noise.

By the way, the simplest option for arranging a parapet is to cover it with mastic or modern liquid rubber:

Methods for attaching a parapet roof

Parapets are recommended to be made of a metal profile and installed with a slope of 3 ° towards the roof. In this case, the height of the parapet and the extension outside the roof depends on the height of the building. There is such a thing as the height of the parapet roof.

Let's take a look at each type of parapet roof attachment.

Method number 1. Crutches

These are special products made of steel strip 40-60 mm wide and 4-5 mm thick. These strips are boiled into a T-shaped profile, which is quite laborious, but the most practical, because this increases the contact area.

But crutches have such disadvantages as low corrosion resistance, which is why rusty streaks appear on the facades of the building, plus the need for a large number of point fixings. And this leads to loosening of fasteners, separation of the profile in strong winds and the frequent need for repairs.

The main requirement for installing crutches is tightness:

Method number 2. False planks

The roof of the parapet is also fastened to false planks made of stainless and galvanized steel with a thickness of at least 1 mm. This method requires welding, but it is more reliable in the wind, because here the entire load is evenly distributed over all corners.

Method number 3. Overlap

This is the simplest and most affordable profile, but far from being the most sealed. It is allowed to be used only with a ventilated base and a profile width of up to 300 mm. An additional fastening for finishing is mounted on the strips themselves, and at the end of the installation, the tightness of the entire parapet is carefully checked.

Method number 4. Pasting

For parapet widths from 600 mm, parapet covers are glued to the base in combination with T-profiles or false planks. Such an attachment is the most resistant to wind load and moisture, because there is already an additional layer of waterproofing - glue. Glue on rubber, bitumen and polyurethane base fills the pores of the base.

In combination with an adhesive and a false strip, a UDS connector and a backing profile are also used.

Here's another good example where gluing is applied:

Only gluing helps when foam is used as a parapet roof. This method is often resorted to when the parapet itself is a continuation of the load-bearing wall of the house, and then it can serve as a cold bridge. Even more: condense moisture!

Here's how to make a roof like this:

Step 1. Connect the planks at the corner joint using assembly glue.
Step 2. Also, put the foam strips themselves on the glue, and cut off the excess from the side of the street.
Step 3. Squish off excess foam on top and sweep away debris.
Step 4. Tape the inner and outer corners, and apply foam on top.
Step 5. Cut the roofing membrane into pieces of the desired size and glue over the foam.
Step 6. Seal all seams thoroughly.
Step 7. Smooth the entire surface by hand.

This is how such a process looks like:

Method number 5. Single or double fold

Single rebate is one of the most popular methods, which is suitable for profile widths up to 450 mm and a ventilated space.

Double rebate is recommended for parapet widths from 600 mm and in ventilated spaces. Another type of fastening with such initial data is prohibited, because temperature fluctuations and additional stresses easily arise here, and, as a result, the nodes are loosened.

Method number 6. Internal or external mounting

This method is suitable for glued joints, with a ventilated base and profile widths up to 600 mm.

Method number 7. Laying the waterproofing membrane

One of the safest ways to protect a parapet is to wrap it with PVC membrane. This must be done in such a way that the PVC membrane either goes to the horizontal surface by 80-100 mm, or to the outer surface of the parapet:

Step 1. First of all, you need to fix it with a metal rail.
Step 2. Cut the metal rail to the desired length and secure it to the parapet.
Step 3. Attach the membrane strip to the parapet between the metal strips.
Step 4. Place the membrane tape over the parapet.
Step 5. Cut out special corners from the membrane and fix them using stitching rollers and a welding machine.
Step 6. Use the same tools to process all edges and folds of the membrane.
Step 7. Lay the canvases at the bottom of the parapet in two layers.
Step 8. Cover all corners additionally.

Such a membrane can be left as the rest on the roof surface, or it can be additionally covered with metal covers:

We will also mention the modern fashion to use a flat roof with a parapet for practical purposes, equipping it with recreation areas and additional open space for personal tasks. In this case, a special glass fence is attached to the parapet:

This is the technology of the device, protection and waterproofing of the parapet of a residential building. Explore! And if you have any questions, ask them in the comments to the article.

Roof parapet - a structure that performs not only aesthetic, but also a practical function, can be installed on roofs of any shape and size. In our article, you will find out exactly what it is being mounted for, what varieties exist, what requirements are imposed on these products in building codes. In addition, you can find out the nuances of the arrangement, creation options, read the advice of professional installers and find out if it is possible to do without the construction of a parapet or if this design is mandatory.

Source 290domov.ru

Purpose of the structure

Installation of a parapet is possible on any roof, regardless of its size, degree of inclination, shape and material of manufacture. The main functions of the product:

Protecting people who walk on the roof, carry out construction work or repairs there, from falling to the ground.

Retention sliding under their own weight snow masses, their one-time collapse, which can harm the life and health of passers-by, as well as property.

Visual disguise pipelines, air ducts, cooling equipment and other items that impair the appearance of the structure.

Additional resistance strong wind load, which is especially important in regions with a harsh climate.

Improving waterproofing properties roofing structure, protection of joints from leaks.

The ability to create safe and beautiful observation deck if the roof is flat and has a zero slope.

A correctly installed parapet on the roof will protect the structure from precipitation, hurricane winds and other external influences, and will also become a decorative decoration of the building itself.

Structure and varieties

Today, two types of parapets are common - from stone materials and from various types of metals. Most often, the former perform primarily a practical function, and the latter, a decorative one. The appearance of the product depends on the features of the facade of the house, most popular types:

Curly shape.

Skating.

On a note! The apron of the roof abutment is most often made of a metal sheet, which has a thickness of up to 0.7 mm.

A figured parapet is usually in the form of a railing, it is distinguished by many bends, oblique lines; the simplest system combines two ramps and a rectangular drip tip. A more complex option involves bending the dropper under the visor: the installation of the system is more expensive, but it will be more resistant to external influences.

A parapet is considered a mandatory structure on any building if the height of the building exceeds 10 meters. The dimensions of the product itself depend on what function it performs: for example, structures designed to protect roofing from wind and precipitation are lower than systems that serve for safety on roofs with walking areas.

Source flugarka.ru

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of designing and performing roofing works of any complexity. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the Low-Rise Country exhibition of houses.

Any parapet, regardless of its shape, size and design has a single structure:

A shelf- the main element.

Overhangs- parts located in the perpendicular position of the shelf.

Droppers- side parts that are used for drainage.

Most often, the structure is made of steel, aluminum, brick, concrete or blocks, combined materials can be used (for example, a concrete base with metal railings). The upper part is usually covered with a galvanized sheet or precast concrete plate, as this protects the product from corrosion and mechanical damage. A metal profile of a horizontal, one- or two-pitch structure can also be used.

SNIP requirements

According to building codes, the parapet must be installed on buildings more than 10 meters in height and with a slope of up to 12 degrees. In the case of a larger slope of the roof, the structure is also arranged on houses of lower height. In addition, decorative parapets can be installed on buildings with a flat roof and low height, since they perform an aesthetic function, and not only have a practical purpose.

Parapet with tempered glass railings - durable and beautiful Source www.marshalls.co.uk

One of the important parameters is the height of the parapet on a flat roof; SNIP defines a value of 45 cm, while the maximum size is 1.2 meters. It is not necessary to make a parapet structure on the roof if it is not operational, i.e. upstairs there is no observation deck, promenade and other structures. If the roof is used as a resting place, part of a summer cafe, the parapet is made with a height of 120 cm to protect people from accidental fall.

Arrangement of the junction node

An important point when creating a parapet is the device for adjoining the structure to the roof. For finishing with galvanized sheet, grooves are cut into the structure, the edges of metal products are brought there, bending them at an angle. In order for the junction of the roof to the parapet to be equipped according to all the rules, and the connection turned out to be reliable, several rules should be observed:

The niche where the edge of the apron is inserted should be not less than 100 mm in depth.

Strobes in the parapet need fill with cement mortar so that the wall does not deform and crack during the first long shower.

Source kak-sdelat-kryshu.ru

On a note! Wood corks must be fixed along the entire length of the system with a step of 100 cm: they are needed for nailing the bars with the subsequent laying of the apron on them. The sheets themselves are overlapped with a margin of 10-12 cm.

If we are talking about a flat roof, then you need to use additional waterproofing with mastic, reinforce the structure with geotextiles or other materials containing fiberglass. The insulating layer is made with an overlap of 120-150 mm, the joints are coated with mastic, the cake itself is fixed with an apron. High-quality waterproofing of the junction point is especially important if a covering in the form of soft tiles or roll roofing is used: a support part must be provided at the junction point.

Is it possible to make a parapet on a sloped roof

The parapet on the roof can be arranged regardless of the degree of inclination, however, when creating a structure on a pitched surface, it is important to observe increased safety measures and take into account a number of nuances. For example, with a seam roof with a ledge, it is required to crimp it with perforated metal corners and fasten it with bolts. The fence itself is mounted on the corners.

Source obustroeno.com

Another installation method is practiced if the roof is made of corrugated board or metal tiles. Fastening is carried out with self-tapping screws with a rubber gasket. The use of such fasteners allows you to maximally seal the coating, protecting it from precipitation.

In order for the installation of the parapet to take a minimum of time and to be carried out correctly, it is recommended to take into account the following nuances:

Before installation it is required calculate the roof area, determine the average amount of precipitation during the year and clarify the load per square meter: these indicators will be required when determining the amount of materials for the arrangement of the parapet itself.

For mounting climbing equipment required and the skills of high-altitude work, therefore, the task of installing the parapet can only be entrusted to professionals who have the appropriate equipment and a license for such an activity.

Often the structure is a continuation of the wall, so its construction is carried out at the stage of building construction... This means that the system needs to be thought out at the design stage of the house.

Source 2gis.ru

Parapets made of metal are considered very popular: they are durable, lightweight, resistant to temperature fluctuations, moisture, mechanical stress, and have a long service life. It is allowed to cover the structure with a metal profile, the joints are folded to ensure maximum tightness. In addition, the building can be equipped with parapets, for example, made of armored glass or especially durable plastic: the supports are made of metal, and the space between them is covered with sheets of such material. The roof apron for drainage is usually made of galvanized steel.

Video description

An example of finishing parapets in the following video:

Conclusion

A roof parapet is a solid structure that serves to decorate a building, ensure the safety of people, including when carrying out high-altitude work, snow retention and resistance to wind load. The product can be made of brick, block, have a monolithic structure, often the parapet is made of metal or materials are combined. In view of the increased requirements for the reliability of the structure, the installation should be entrusted to experienced craftsmen.