Daniel Defoe wrote over 500 works in his lifetime, including seven novels. But one of them brought him worldwide fame - “The life and extraordinary adventures of Robinson Crusoe, a sailor from York, who lived for twenty-eight years all alone on a desert island off the coast of America, near the mouth of the Orinoco River, where he was thrown by a shipwreck, during which he died the entire crew, except for him alone, with an account of his unexpected release by pirates. Written by himself." This is the full title of the novel, from which readers immediately understand what will be discussed. But with what poetic skill and inspiration Daniel Defoe described Robinson's struggle for life on a desert island, his diligence and resourcefulness! From the very first days, man desperately fought for life in all ways available to him.
The hero of the novel by D. Defoe Robinson Crusoe, left completely alone on an unknown island, did not lose his head and did not fall into despair, and this saved his life. He managed to fruitfully use even the very first days after the misfortune happened and managed to save everything he needed from the sinking ship: weapons, tools, cloth, clothes, ropes, some grain and food. Diligence, resourcefulness and optimism allowed Robinson on the island for twenty-eight years not only not to lose his human appearance, but also to provide himself with everything necessary for a happy life.
There was no such thing that Robinson would not have brought to the end. If he decided to transport the surviving things from the shipwrecked ship, then he worked until he had transported everything, if the weather allowed, then he would have transported the whole ship in parts. Thinking about the arrangement of a dwelling (digging a cave or putting up a tent), he, in the end, did both. He did not know how much time he would have to spend on the island, he hoped that it would not be long, but he tried to ensure that his housing “was protected both from the heat of the sun and from predators; so that it stands in a place where there is no dampness; so that there was fresh water nearby, ”and so that the sea could certainly be seen from it, and he worked sparing no effort. He did not want to part with the hope of salvation, and this hope supported him in moments of despair. After examining the territory, he was convinced that the island was uninhabited, that it was surrounded only by wild nature, unfamiliar vegetation, unknown birds and animals. There was nothing to count on help, and in order to survive, he himself had to master many specialties. He himself was a carpenter, and a joiner, and a potter, and a baker. He learned to fish, hunt wild animals and sew clothes from their skins, plow the land, grow rice and barley, tame and breed goats. He also learned to courageously overcome illness and failure. For example, it cost him a lot of effort to launch a boat, but the strength of one person was not enough, and he had to abandon this venture. But Robinson managed to build a small boat, and he could now travel around his island.
After a few years of a lonely life on the island, all his ideas have changed. He had nothing to desire, because he had everything he could enjoy. He had plenty of grain, enough timber to build an entire fleet, and enough grapes to fill all those ships with wine and raisins. But he learned to attach importance only to what he could somehow use. "Nature, experience and reflection" taught Robinson to understand that "no matter how much wealth we accumulate, we enjoy them only to the extent that we can use them, but no more." He learned not only to submit to fate, but also to be grateful for what he has, and simply for what he lives. For many years his friends were the Popka parrot, a dog and cats, which he transported from the ship. But in the twenty-fourth year of Robinson's life, a remarkable event happened on the island: savage cannibals sailed to the island, and he helped free one of the captives. From that day on, he acquired a faithful servant and comrade - Friday.
What helped Robinson Crusoe to survive on the island? please help i really need it and got the best answer
Answer from Yamar Makhov[guru]
A source:
Answer from Ludmila kashapova[newbie]
The hero of the novel by D. Defoe Robinson Crusoe, left completely alone on an unknown island, did not lose his head and did not fall into despair, and this saved his life. He managed to fruitfully use even the very first days after the misfortune happened and managed to save everything he needed from the sinking ship: weapons, tools, cloth, clothes, ropes, some grain and food. Diligence, resourcefulness and optimism allowed Robinson on the island for twenty-eight years not only not to lose his human appearance, but also to provide himself with everything necessary for a happy life.
There was no such thing that Robinson would not have brought to the end. If he decided to transport the surviving things from the shipwrecked ship, then he worked until he had transported everything, if the weather allowed, then he would have transported the whole ship in parts. Thinking about the arrangement of a dwelling (digging a cave or putting up a tent), he, in the end, did both. He did not know how much time he would have to spend on the island, he hoped that it would not be long, but he tried to ensure that his housing “was protected both from the heat of the sun and from predators; so that it stands in a place where there is no dampness; so that there was fresh water nearby, ”and so that the sea could certainly be seen from it, and he worked sparing no effort. He did not want to part with the hope of salvation, and this hope supported him in moments of despair. After examining the territory, he was convinced that the island was uninhabited, that it was surrounded only by wild nature, unfamiliar vegetation, unknown birds and animals. There was nothing to count on help, and in order to survive, he himself had to master many specialties. He himself was a carpenter, and a joiner, and a potter, and a baker. He learned to fish, hunt wild animals and sew clothes from their skins, plow the land, grow rice and barley, tame and breed goats. He also learned to courageously overcome illness and failure. For example, it cost him a lot of effort to launch a boat, but the strength of one person was not enough, and he had to abandon this venture. But Robinson managed to build a small boat, and he could now travel around his island.
After a few years of a lonely life on the island, all his ideas have changed. He had nothing to desire, because he had everything he could enjoy. He had plenty of grain, enough timber to build an entire fleet, and enough grapes to fill all those ships with wine and raisins. But he learned to attach importance only to what he could somehow use. "Nature, experience and reflection" taught Robinson to understand that "no matter how much wealth we accumulate, we enjoy them only to the extent that we can use them, but no more." He learned not only to submit to fate, but also to be grateful for what he has, and simply for what he lives. For many years his friends were the Popka parrot, a dog and cats, which he transported from the ship. But in the twenty-fourth year of Robinson's life, a remarkable event happened on the island: savage cannibals sailed to the island, and he helped free one of the captives. From that day on, he acquired a faithful servant and comrade - Friday
Answer from Natalya Kozlova[newbie]
I think he was helped by his hard work and so on and so forth.
Answer from Valeria Korotkova[newbie]
well, sorry for the hands of the one who wrote
Answer from Dmitry Katin[newbie]
Tajiks rule
Answer from IG OR[newbie]
his ingenuity helped him
Answer from Alina Khoreva[newbie]
he was helped by me
Answer from Alexander[newbie]
j
Answer from Vlad Yakubyonok[newbie]
work
Answer from Alexander Kovalenko[newbie]
work
Answer from Matvey Chistyakov[newbie]
r
Answer from Yonezhana Zaboburina[newbie]
It is labor and hard work of thought that help Robinson Crusoe to survive and preserve human qualities. Defoe "The life and amazing adventures of Robinson Crusoe, a sailor from York, described by himself" - essay "An essay based on the novel by D. Defoe" The life and amazing adventures of Robinson Crusoe ""
The English writer D. Defoe entered the history of literature as the creator of many realistic and noble images. He was a people's writer - not only in content, but also in the form of his works, in a lively, direct manner of narration, in a simple, accessible language. His masterpiece "The Life and Amazing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" has been translated into almost all European languages and has become part of the history of world culture. In the novel, the author, using the example of the fate of an individual, managed to reveal all the richness and diversity of real life, to show the importance of real human values: communication, caring for one's neighbor, constant work.
Drawing the life of his hero on a desert island, Defoe created a poetic picture of man's struggle for survival, glorified free creative labor. It is labor and hard work of thought that help Robinson Crusoe to survive and preserve human qualities. According to the writer's firm conviction, labor is the basis for a positive transformation of the world and the spiritual elevation of man. The hero of the novel did not fall into despair, did not lose faith. Once in the wild conditions of the island, Robinson perceives everything that happened to him as a difficult life test, from which he must find a worthy way out. A thrifty and practical person, a diligent worker, he purposefully improves the conditions of his existence: he builds a hut, hunts, fishes, stocks food, finds a way to keep track of time and writes down all his thoughts in a diary. Armed with the labor skills and experience of his people, he successfully uses the equipment, tools and other valuables found on the wrecked ship.
The author deliberately puts his hero in an exceptional situation, transferring from the world of money to the world of work. Thus, he forces him to discover in himself those qualities that can fully manifest themselves in a universal creative, constructive activity free from mercenary calculations. It is no coincidence that Rousseau called Defoe's novel "the most successful treatise on natural education." The simple story of how Robinson built his hut, how he fired his first jug, how he grew bread and tamed goats, how he built and launched a boat, has continued to excite the imagination of readers of all ages for almost three centuries. And it will never lose its enormous educational value for children and youth.
Introduction
My family and I have been participating in the Successful Reading project for the fourth year already. We discuss the books we read together, I often consult with my mother about how best to arrange a creative work in a reader’s portfolio, a drawing for an exhibition, with my father, we tell each other interesting events that happened to the main characters of the work, remember our favorite characters. Thanks to the project, I got to know different authors and their works, discovered unknown, mysterious and extremely interesting worlds in which heroes live, perform feats, come to the aid of friends and complete strangers. For example, I would like to be friends with Tom and trust him with my innermost secrets, with Timur and his team to help those in need, and from Robinson I would like to learn courage, perseverance and hard work, the ability not to get lost in a difficult situation, to be a real man. After reading D. Defoe's book about the travels and adventures of the navigator Robinson Crusoe, I learned about the limitless possibilities of man, his courage and fortitude in exceptional conditions. The protagonist of the novel is Robinson Crusoe, who, as a result of a shipwreck, found himself on a desert island in the West Indies and managed to live on it for 28 years, first all alone, and then with the savage Friday, master the island and start a household on it, which had everything you need for life. In the most difficult life situation, the hero was able to find a way out and save his life. In life, we also have difficulties, we must be prepared for them and know how to behave in a given situation. Therefore, the study of the texts of this work is relevant and interesting for me and for boys like me who dream of traveling.
Purpose: to explore what human qualities help a person to survive on a desert island, using the example of Robinson Crusoe, the protagonist of D. Defoe's novel. Tasks: - to analyze the life story of a Scottish sailor and Robinson Crusoe on the island, using the read text; - highlight the basic rules for the survival of a person on a desert island; - conduct a survey among students of grade 4A, process materials. Object: the text of the work by D. Defoe "The Life and Amazing Adventures of the Sailor Robinson Crusoe". Subject: rules for survival on a desert island. Hypothesis: having studied the ways of surviving on a desert island using the example of Robinson Crusoe, it will be possible to use some tricks in life.
About writer Daniel Defoe
"Wasting no time and sparing no effort" D. Defoe Born in London on April 26, 1660 in the family of a merchant James Fo, lived a stormy life full of adventures. An English writer and publicist, Defoe is considered one of the first founders of the English novel, he wrote more than 500 books, pamphlets and magazines on various topics (politics, economics, crime, religion, marriage, psychology, the supernatural, etc.). For some time he traded in Spain, traveled a lot in Western Europe. It is known that on the way between Harwich and Holland, he was captured by Algerian pirates, but he was soon ransomed. One novel made him world famous and glorified him through the ages. The full title of this novel is: "The life and extraordinary amazing adventures of Robinson Crusoe, a sailor from York, who lived for twenty-eight years in complete solitude on a desert island off the coast of America, near the mouth of the great Orinoco River, where he was thrown out by a shipwreck, during which the entire crew died , excluding him alone, with an account of his unexpected release by pirates, written by himself. After the huge success of the novel, Defoe in the same 1719 published a sequel: "The Further Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, which constitute the second and last part of his life and cover his travels in three parts of the world, written by himself." But the most popular was forever the first volume of "Robinson".
Sailor from Largo (prototype of Robinson Crusoe)
Robinson Crusoe is not fiction. The book is based on fact. The island of Mas a Tierra (Republic of Chile) is the famous island of Robinson Crusoe. The climate of this island is quite mild, a dense forest grows in the mountainous part of the island, below the ground is covered with palm groves and fern thickets. It was on this island that the Scottish sailor Alexander Selkirk lived all alone for 5 years. He was born in 1678 in the small Scottish village of Largo, in the family of a poor shoemaker. When the young man was 19 years old, he went to work as a sailor in the English navy. He sailed a lot on the seas and oceans, took part in naval battles. One day, a quarrel arises between the captain and Selkirk, as a result of which the captain orders his assistant to land on the island, leaving him a gun, gunpowder, bullets, an ax, a spyglass, a blanket and tobacco. At first, Selkirk was overcome with despair. But, having overpowered himself, Alexander built himself a dwelling and went inland in search of food. The flora and fauna of the island was varied and rich. Alexander Selkirk started fishing, hunted sea turtles, tamed wild goats and wild cats that were on the island. As in the Stone Age, he produced fire by friction, made clothes from the skin of goats, using a nail instead of a needle. In addition, Selkirk made himself a calendar. So he lived for five years on a deserted island until an English warship found a Scottish sailor. The sailors saw an overgrown man with long hair and a beard. At first, Alexander could only utter inarticulate sounds, and only after a few weeks, having come to his senses, was able to tell his story. Later it turned out that the ship, the captain of which left him on a deserted island, got into a storm and almost the entire crew died.
The fight for the life of Robinson Crusoe on a desert island
Robinson Crusoe himself was a sailor. He traveled a lot around the world. He had all sorts of adventures. But one day the ship on which he sailed crashed during a strong storm. The entire crew died, and Robinson was left on a desert island all alone. Despite the seemingly hopeless situation, he does not lose heart, but on the contrary, he tries to improve his life on the island. Telling the story of his stay on the island, Crusoe tells in detail how his life settled down: what things and main tools he managed to save from the wrecked ship, how he set up a canvas tent for himself and how he surrounded his dwelling with a palisade, turning it into impregnable a fortress that reliably protects it from predators and possible enemies; how he hunted wild goats and decided to tame them, built a corral for them, learned how to milk them and make butter and cheese; how a few grains of barley and rice were discovered, and how laborious it was to dig a field with a wooden shovel and sow it with these grains; how they had to protect their crops from goats and birds; how he learned to make pottery and fire it; how he made his own clothes from goatskins, how he dried and stored wild grapes, and so on. In an effort to provide himself with everything necessary for life, Robinson works tirelessly, mastering new crafts. "Wasting no time and sparing no effort" - said by the way, these words become the motto of Robinson's existence. A lot of interesting things happened on the island with the main character. He was in danger, disappointment, but the main thing that helped him survive was his determination, perseverance, resourcefulness, hard work and great willpower. These traits of his character are deeply respected. Robinson's life on the island can serve as a vivid example of man's struggle for existence in exceptional conditions. The example of Robinson Crusoe shows that a strong-willed, purposeful person will be able to cope with any trouble and emerge victorious from any situation, even if it seems difficult and unexpected.
Rules for survival on a desert island (practical part)
So, you are on a deserted island. You have a chance to try to survive. What needs to be done in this situation? The plan might be something like this: 1. Stay calm, don't panic; 2. See what necessary items or weapons are available, whether there is drinking water; 3. Explore the island, you need to know if there is a source of fresh water on it; 4. Light a fire, so you can warm up (if it's cold), dry things, and you can also attract the attention of other ships; 5. In addition to the fire, use stones or other things to build something similar to SOS, showing that you need help; 6. Find food, in extreme cases, you can hunt shallow fish, eat beetles; 7. Build tools and weapons, a knife is the best thing that can be in such situations; 8. Build a shelter from the rain (it can be very strong in the tropics), from the sun, from the storm; 9. More about water - it is necessary to boil it, because it is not known where it flows from, it is also possible to build a rainwater collection using improvised materials; 10. Never give up and keep fighting for your life! Some practical advice - Do not drink sea water! It won't help you, it will make it worse. - Collect enough dry wood for the fire during the day so that you can keep warm at night and scare wild animals away from your hut. - If you are lucky enough to have a knife, take care of it, now it is your greatest treasure. If you're so unlucky, make one with the materials you have on hand. - And the most important thing! Never give up, now you are the master of your own destiny and your life is only in your hands!
Student survey results
According to a survey among students of grade 4 A to the question: - Would you like to be on a desert island for a few days? The respondents' opinion was distributed as follows: - Yes - 15 people. - No - 7 people. - 10 most necessary items that you would take with you to a desert island: 1 provisions (food) - 22 people; Book 2 - 15 people; 3 clothes - 13 people; 4 guns - 9 people; 5 matches, knife, water - 8 people; 6 fishing rod - 7 people; 7 ax, telephone, first aid kit - 6 people; 8 gunpowder - 5 people; 9 compass, paper - 4 people; 10 shovel, rope, boat, animal, flashlight, nails - 3 people. - First of all, 15 people will explore the island, 5 people will search for food, 2 people will build a shelter. - According to the majority of respondents, in order to survive on the island, knowledge of the surrounding world will be useful.
Conclusion
An irresistible desire to know the world led the protagonist of the novel to a desert island, which became his haven for many years. Fate did not turn away from Robinson, he survived no matter what. But the main thing that helped Robinson to stay alive and endure all the hardships of loneliness is a thirst for life and hard work. He never left the faith that someday a ship would land on his island and take him home. A survey among my classmates showed that many would like to visit a desert island and become Robinson Crusoe for a few days, try their hand and put the knowledge gained at school and from the books they read into practice. The example of Robinson Crusoe showed that only by getting into extreme conditions a person can discover in himself previously unknown powers and knowledge.
Bibliography
1. D. Defoe "Robinson Crusoe" [Text]: per. from English. – M.: Daguchpedgiz, 1981. 2. Encikl. For Wednesdays school age. - Minsk: Harvest, 2006. 3. Malov, V. Famous sailors - M .: Oniks, 2008. 4. Geography Children's encyclopedia - M .: ROSMEN, 2008. 5. Lebina, N. (Dr. of Historical Sciences) . XX century dictionary of everyday life. Motherland. - 2006. - No. 3. - S. 90-93. 6. Literature abroad. Science and life. - 2008. - No. 8. - S. 54-57. 7. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ 8. http://robinzon-kruzo.ucoz.ua/index/my_robinzony/0-5 9. http://www.activ43.ru/archives/4867
Dictionary
Daniel Defoe - (Eng. Daniel Defoe), born April 24, 1731, London - English writer and publicist, known mainly as the author of Robinson Crusoe.
Alexander Selkirk is a Scottish sailor who spent 5 years (in 1704-1709) on the uninhabited island of Mas a Tierra (now Robinson Crusoe), which is part of the Juan Fernandez archipelago, located in the Pacific Ocean, 640 kilometers from coast of Chile. He served as a prototype for the literary hero of the novel by Daniel Defoe - Robinson Crusoe.
West Indies ("Western India") - the traditional historical name of the islands of the Caribbean Sea, including the Caribbean Islands of the Bahamas and the islands in the adjacent waters of the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.
Desert island - an island without a permanent population. Most of all the islands on Earth are uninhabited.
SOS (SOS) is an international distress signal in radiotelegraphy (using Morse code) communications. Later, SOS was deciphered as save our souls or save our ship, which means "save our souls" or "save our ship."
Sailor - rank, junior military rank in the navy of the Armed Forces (AF), corresponding to the rank of private.
Canvas - heavy dense hemp, linen fabric. The canvas has high strength, repels moisture, does not deteriorate from sea water. The importance of canvas has increased since the 15th century, with the advent of large fleets and the opening of sea routes to India and America.
Palisade - a wall of a series of pillars several meters high, vertically dug into the ground close or at a short distance and interconnected for strength by one or two horizontal bars.
What helped Robinson Crusoe to survive on the island? please help i really need it and got the best answer
Answer from Yamar Makhov[guru]
A source:
Answer from Ludmila kashapova[newbie]
The hero of the novel by D. Defoe Robinson Crusoe, left completely alone on an unknown island, did not lose his head and did not fall into despair, and this saved his life. He managed to fruitfully use even the very first days after the misfortune happened and managed to save everything he needed from the sinking ship: weapons, tools, cloth, clothes, ropes, some grain and food. Diligence, resourcefulness and optimism allowed Robinson on the island for twenty-eight years not only not to lose his human appearance, but also to provide himself with everything necessary for a happy life.
There was no such thing that Robinson would not have brought to the end. If he decided to transport the surviving things from the shipwrecked ship, then he worked until he had transported everything, if the weather allowed, then he would have transported the whole ship in parts. Thinking about the arrangement of a dwelling (digging a cave or putting up a tent), he, in the end, did both. He did not know how much time he would have to spend on the island, he hoped that it would not be long, but he tried to ensure that his housing “was protected both from the heat of the sun and from predators; so that it stands in a place where there is no dampness; so that there was fresh water nearby, ”and so that the sea could certainly be seen from it, and he worked sparing no effort. He did not want to part with the hope of salvation, and this hope supported him in moments of despair. After examining the territory, he was convinced that the island was uninhabited, that it was surrounded only by wild nature, unfamiliar vegetation, unknown birds and animals. There was nothing to count on help, and in order to survive, he himself had to master many specialties. He himself was a carpenter, and a joiner, and a potter, and a baker. He learned to fish, hunt wild animals and sew clothes from their skins, plow the land, grow rice and barley, tame and breed goats. He also learned to courageously overcome illness and failure. For example, it cost him a lot of effort to launch a boat, but the strength of one person was not enough, and he had to abandon this venture. But Robinson managed to build a small boat, and he could now travel around his island.
After a few years of a lonely life on the island, all his ideas have changed. He had nothing to desire, because he had everything he could enjoy. He had plenty of grain, enough timber to build an entire fleet, and enough grapes to fill all those ships with wine and raisins. But he learned to attach importance only to what he could somehow use. "Nature, experience and reflection" taught Robinson to understand that "no matter how much wealth we accumulate, we enjoy them only to the extent that we can use them, but no more." He learned not only to submit to fate, but also to be grateful for what he has, and simply for what he lives. For many years his friends were the Popka parrot, a dog and cats, which he transported from the ship. But in the twenty-fourth year of Robinson's life, a remarkable event happened on the island: savage cannibals sailed to the island, and he helped free one of the captives. From that day on, he acquired a faithful servant and comrade - Friday
Answer from Natalya Kozlova[newbie]
I think he was helped by his hard work and so on and so forth.
Answer from Valeria Korotkova[newbie]
well, sorry for the hands of the one who wrote
Answer from Dmitry Katin[newbie]
Tajiks rule
Answer from IG OR[newbie]
his ingenuity helped him
Answer from Alina Khoreva[newbie]
he was helped by me
Answer from Alexander[newbie]
j
Answer from Vlad Yakubyonok[newbie]
work
Answer from Alexander Kovalenko[newbie]
work
Answer from Matvey Chistyakov[newbie]
r
Answer from Yonezhana Zaboburina[newbie]
It is labor and hard work of thought that help Robinson Crusoe to survive and preserve human qualities. Defoe "The life and amazing adventures of Robinson Crusoe, a sailor from York, described by himself" - essay "An essay based on the novel by D. Defoe" The life and amazing adventures of Robinson Crusoe ""
The English writer D. Defoe entered the history of literature as the creator of many realistic and noble images. He was a people's writer - not only in content, but also in the form of his works, in a lively, direct manner of narration, in a simple, accessible language. His masterpiece "The Life and Amazing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" has been translated into almost all European languages and has become part of the history of world culture. In the novel, the author, using the example of the fate of an individual, managed to reveal all the richness and diversity of real life, to show the importance of real human values: communication, caring for one's neighbor, constant work.
Drawing the life of his hero on a desert island, Defoe created a poetic picture of man's struggle for survival, glorified free creative labor. It is labor and hard work of thought that help Robinson Crusoe to survive and preserve human qualities. According to the writer's firm conviction, labor is the basis for a positive transformation of the world and the spiritual elevation of man. The hero of the novel did not fall into despair, did not lose faith. Once in the wild conditions of the island, Robinson perceives everything that happened to him as a difficult life test, from which he must find a worthy way out. A thrifty and practical person, a diligent worker, he purposefully improves the conditions of his existence: he builds a hut, hunts, fishes, stocks food, finds a way to keep track of time and writes down all his thoughts in a diary. Armed with the labor skills and experience of his people, he successfully uses the equipment, tools and other valuables found on the wrecked ship.
The author deliberately puts his hero in an exceptional situation, transferring from the world of money to the world of work. Thus, he forces him to discover in himself those qualities that can fully manifest themselves in a universal creative, constructive activity free from mercenary calculations. It is no coincidence that Rousseau called Defoe's novel "the most successful treatise on natural education." The simple story of how Robinson built his hut, how he fired his first jug, how he grew bread and tamed goats, how he built and launched a boat, has continued to excite the imagination of readers of all ages for almost three centuries. And it will never lose its enormous educational value for children and youth.
Municipal state-owned special (correctional) educational institution for students, pupils with disabilities
The Odyssey of Robinson Crusoe.
Lesson type: combined.
Form of the lesson: oral journal.
Educator:
Topic: “The Odyssey of Robinson Crusoe”
Lesson form: oral journal.
Lesson type: combined.
Didactic goal: Achieve awareness and understanding of new information, apply it, check the level of assimilation.
Target:
1. Continue to form reader independence.
3. Develop speech, memory, thinking through the formulation of specific questions and answers, work with text.
4. To educate positive moral qualities of children: kindness, responsiveness, responsibility, hard work, endurance, perseverance, ingenuity, ingenuity.
Equipment:
1. Portrait of a writer.
2. Defoe "Robinson Crusoe".
3. Dictionary of unfamiliar words needed for the lesson.
4. A musical miniature that conveys the sounds of the sea.
5. Computer and interactive board.
6. Cards with the name of 5 types of crops.
Preliminary work: children should read the book "Robinson Crusoe".
Lesson plan:
Playing the topic of the lesson. Acquaintance with the biography of the writer ( Dramatization of the image of the writer). Conversation on the material read. Work with text. Lyric page. Lexical work: humane, humanist, odyssey. Humorous miniature. The results of the lesson, conclusions. Projection for the future.
1. Epigraph.
Educator:
Guys, read the epigraph on the interactive whiteboard, think about these words, and at the end of the lesson I will ask you a question that you will try to answer.
The book generously pays for the love of it.
The book teaches even when you don't expect it, and,
Maybe you don't.
The power of the book is enormous.
Smirnov-Sokolsky.
2. Playing the topic of the lesson.
Educator:
Guys, now I will bring to your attention a musical fragment, and you, closing your eyes, try to imagine the phenomenon of nature, which is conveyed with the help of sound, melody ( I turn on a piece of music for 2-3 minutes, symbolizing the sound of waves breaking on the shore. The beginning of the storm).
Educator:
- Guys, what do you think, did I accidentally suggest that you listen to just such music, symbolizing the waves?
Pupils:
- I heard the sound of the wind in the music, the waves splashing strongly against the shore, it becomes alarming.
Educator:
Tell me, what book did you read for class on your own? What is the name of the character in this book?
Pupils:
We read the book Robinson Crusoe. The hero's name was Robinson Crusoe.
Educator:
- What role did the sea play in the life of the hero?
Pupils:
– Thanks to the sea storm, we learned an interesting story about Robinson Crusoe.
Educator:
- Quite right. Today we will make a journey through the pages of an oral magazine, leafing through them, we will remember the contents of the book "Robinson Crusoe". Topic of our lesson:
Robinson Crusoe's Odyssey.
Who knows the meaning of the word Odyssey? (After the answers of the pupils, I open the record on the interactive whiteboard)
Odyssey - eventful wanderings, adventures.
3.1st page of our magazine: Acquaintance with the biography of the writer.
Educator:
- Raise your hand, please, those who have read the novel to the end. Well done! At the end of the lesson, guys, you will have to answer the question:
What human qualities helped Robinson to survive on the island?
In order to properly understand and evaluate the actions of our hero during his 28 year stay on a desert island, it would be nice to know about the author who created this novel. My assistant (the name of the student is given) will tell you about the author and the history of this novel. And you, readers, remember what you consider important from the life of the author.
(To the sound of a phonogram, D. Defoe himself appears on the “theatrical” stage. He is wearing the skin of an animal, ripped jeans, a straw hat, a basket of food in his hands ... He sits down in an armchair on the sea coast and looks thoughtfully into the distance. Suddenly, looking up from his thoughts, he begins his story).
My name is Daniel Defoe. I was born in old and distant England. I am a merchant and the son of a merchant. As befits an enterprising person, he got rich, then went bankrupt. It just so happened that fate patted me enough. I have always stood for the equality of people, participated in the rebellion against King James 2, for which I was constantly persecuted. Once, for speaking out against the government, I was pilloried. A crowd of people greeted me at this pillar, and this was the best reward for me for all the hardships. I worked in commerce, was a journalist, and in my youth I even traveled to Portugal. Having changed many professions and occupations, I became interested in literature. When I was 58 years old, I became popular by writing the novel “The Life, Extraordinary and Amazing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, a sailor from York, who lived for 28 years all alone on a desert island.
4. 2nd page of our magazine: Questions and answers ( discussion on reading material).
caregiver (thanks Daniel Defoe for the story and draws the class's attention to the writer's book):
- The writer took the plot of the novel from life. In England, at the beginning of the century, there was a sensational story about a sailor who lived on a desert island for 4 years and 4 months until he was picked up by a passing ship.
Now, guys, you know that this story is real, that is, taken from the life of a sailor who actually existed. Now let's have a quick talk about the book.
What parts of the book did you like the most? Tell about them. ( 2-3 examples).
- Who is the main character of the book? (Robinson Crusoe).
– Where do we first meet the hero of the book? Where did this name and surname come from? ( Find the answer in the text and read.).
Robinson Crusoe was born in 1632 in the city of York into a wealthy family of foreign origin. The father was from Bremen. Having made a good fortune by trading, he left business and moved to York. Here he married a woman whose relatives were called Robinsons - an old surname. According to them, the boy was named Robinson. His father's surname was Kreuzner, but, according to the custom of the English to distort foreign words, they began to be called Crusoe.
What did Robinson dream about as a child? (About the sea, about adventures).
What is the date when Robinson Crusoe went on his first adventure at sea. (September 1, 1651 to London.).
5.3rd page of our magazine: Lyrical.
Educator:
– Please, listen to the lines from K. Batyushkov's poem “The Shadow of a Friend”. Think and try to answer the question:
Can these words be attributed to Robinson, before or after his life on the island?
I left the foggy shore
It seemed that he was drowning in the waves of lead.
Evening wind, splashing waves,
The monotonous noise and flutter of sails,
And the helmsman on deck crying out.
Enchanted, I stood at the mast
And through the fog and night cover
I searched for the luminaries of the amiable north,
My whole thought was in remembrance ....
Pupils:
- These words can be attributed to Robinson Crusoe. He stands on the deck and recalls his years on the island.
Educator:
- On the path of life, Robinson faced various dangers. What, name?
Pupils:
- Meeting with wild lions, savages, pirates, cannibals, and he also survived after a shipwreck and an earthquake.
6.4th page of our magazine: Inventive.
Educator:
- Robinson lived on a desert island, but, nevertheless, he knew what day of the week, month, date. What did he invent? How did the invention help him?
Pupils:
He invented a wooden calendar, on which he made notches every day.
Educator:
- What other inventions did Robinson have to make for himself on a desert island?
Pupils:
- He made dishes, tamed goats, built himself a house, a summer house, learned how to make flour, bake bread, made a lamp out of a clay cup and goat fat, inserted a string in the middle - this invention replaced a light bulb, strengthened his home.
Educator:
- You have cards with the names of five grain crops on your tables: wheat, rice, barley, buckwheat, oats. You need to orient yourself and pick up the cards with the correct name.
- In the cultivation of what crops did Robinson prove himself as an agronomist? Where did you get the seeds?
Pupils:
- Rice, barley. Stocks were from the ship. They were not suitable for food, because they were gnawed by rats. Crusoe poured them out of the bag on the ground as unnecessary and forgot about them. It rained and the seeds sprouted.
Educator:
- What crafts did Robinson master on the island?
Pupils:
- Agronomist, builder, hunter, fisherman, cooper, carpenter.
7.5th page of our magazine: Moral.
Educator:
-Guys, do you think Robinson had the character traits of a positive or negative character?
Pupils:
– Positive.
Educator:
– Can we call him a hero and why?
Pupils:
– Of course, Robinson is a hero. He did not succumb to panic, behaved courageously, steadfastly, came up with various inventions that make life easier.
Educator:
- Think about a very difficult question and give a reasoned answer:
Are all the qualities of Robinson still positive?
I'll try to help you figure it out. Remember how he treats a goat and a goat, with birds that pecked grain in his rice field, with savages who came to their island to arrange ritual cannibal feasts.
Pupils:
- In these examples, Robinson is cruel, because he takes the lives of other living beings. But the hero can be justified, because if he did not do this, he himself would die of hunger or would be eaten by cannibals. After all, we also love animals, but we buy meat products in the store and use them for food.
Educator:
- Who replaced Robinson with human society on the island?
Pupils:
- Dogs, cats, parrot.
Educator:
- Who was the first person on the island who became a devoted friend of Robinson? What was his name? Has the life of the protagonist changed since then? ( Pupils must support their answer with examples from the text.
Pupils:
- Friday. In honor of the day of the week Robinson found him on the island.
Educator:
Text of D. Defoe's novel "Robinson Crusoe"
Used methodological literature:
A. Sharov. Prisoners of paradise / / Science and life. 1999. M. Nersesova. Daniel Defoe // Literature and Art. 1960. T. Sukhanova. On Robinson's Island // Read, Learn, Play Magazine 2009. - No. 2
Used equipment:
computer; interactive board; presentation for the event (PowerPoint, 2.010 Mb).
Used CORs:
Presentation for the lesson, compiled in "Microsoft PowerPoint 2003". DER type: text/text with illustrations. Size 2,010 Mb.
Short description:
Information about the jubilee of D. Defoe's book "Robinson Crusoe". Facts of the writer's life. Dramatization of fragments of the book. Book quiz. Conclusions.
Leading. Hello dear guests! Today we are celebrating an unusual anniversary. By the way, do you know what an anniversary is?
2: Of course. Anniversary is a round date from the day of birth. The anniversary is celebrated by a person; for example, this year our lyceum celebrated the anniversary of the teacher of mathematics Taisiya Ivanovna Alexandrovna. She turned 100 years old! Taisiya Ivanovna is no longer alive, but in honor of this outstanding teacher - and she is the only teacher in the republic who is a Hero of Socialist Labor - a memorial plaque was erected at the entrance to the lyceum building, and then a monument will be erected to her!
1: Yes, it's a wonderful anniversary. But are only people celebrating anniversaries? What do you guys think? Yes, cities and states celebrate anniversaries, performances and movies, etc.
2: Is there a book anniversary?
1: Of course! Today we want to celebrate such an anniversary. It's a very, very big anniversary. Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" turns 290 this year!
2: But as far as I know, "Robinson Crusoe" is not the full title of the book. Guys, does anyone know the full name of the book? (After the answer, an image appears on the screen)
“The life and amazing adventures of Robinson Crusoe, a sailor from York, who lived for 28 years all alone on a desert island, off the coast of America, near the mouth of the Orinoco River, where he was thrown out by a shipwreck, during which the entire crew of the ship, except for him, died, with recounting his unexpected release by pirates. Written by him"
1: This book must be very interesting, since it has interested readers for so long?
2: Yes, very interesting. I really liked. What about you guys? Raise your hands those who liked Robinson Crusoe.
1: What kind of talent should a writer have to create such an exciting work? And his fate, perhaps, is unusual?
2: So let's get acquainted with the life story of D. Defoe, a stormy life, full of victories and defeats, ups and downs. I invite students to the stage who know a lot about the life of this writer.
Student presentation.
Daniel Defoe born in 1660 or 1661 in London. His father was a butcher.
The passion for reading that awakened early in Daniel, caused by his insatiable curiosity, caused his mother serious fears for the future of his son, but gave his father hope that the boy could eventually become a efficient merchant or clergyman. Mother did not agree with this opinion, since Daniel was fond of reading books of predominantly historical content, descriptions of travel and fantastic adventures.
When Defoe was twelve years old, he was sent to school, where he stayed until the age of sixteen. After graduating from school, the young man, at the insistence of his father, entered the office of a wealthy merchant, who promised in a few years to make Daniel a participant in his business. Daniel conscientiously fulfilled his duties. However, not having the slightest inclination for commercial activities, after three years he became interested in journalism and began to publish his articles on issues that worried society in one of the political magazines.
About twenty Daniel Defoe joined the army of the Duke of Monmouth, who rebelled against his uncle, James Stuart, who pursued a pro-French policy during his reign. Jacob crushed the uprising and dealt harshly with the rebels.
Daniel Defoe had to hide from persecution.
With the onset of more favorable times, that is, with the accession to the throne of William of Orange, Defoe returned to literary activity. When the people began to grumble that a stranger was put on the throne, Daniel Defoe wrote a satirical poem "True Englishmen", in which he showed that the entire English nation consists of a mixture of different tribes, and therefore it is absurd to look with hostility at the king, impeccable in all respects, just because he was born not in England, but in Holland. This poem made a lot of noise at the court and in society. Wilhelm wished to see the author and gave him a rather significant monetary gift.
In 1702, Queen Anne, the last of the Stuarts under the influence of the Conservative Party, ascended the English throne. Defoe wrote his famous satirical pamphlet The Surest Way to Get Rid of Dissenters. Protestant sectarians in England called themselves Dissenters. In this pamphlet, the author advised Parliament not to be embarrassed by the innovators that bothered him and to hang them all or exile them to the galleys. At first, the parliament did not understand the true meaning of the satire and were glad that Daniel Defoe directed his pen against the sectarians. Then someone figured out the real meaning of the satire. Parliament recognized him as a rebel, sentenced him to a fine, to be pilloried and to imprisonment. But the enthusiastic people strewed his path to the pillory with flowers and gave him an ovation. During his time in prison, Defoe wrote The Pillory Hymn and managed to publish the Review magazine.
Defoe was released from prison two years later. On behalf of Minister Harley, he went to Scotland on a diplomatic mission - to prepare the ground for the connection of Scotland with England. Defoe turned out to be a talented diplomat and brilliantly fulfilled the task assigned to him.
Upon the accession to the English throne of the House of Hanover, Daniel Defoe wrote another poisonous article, for which Parliament awarded him a huge fine and imprisonment. This punishment forced him to leave political activity forever and devote himself exclusively to fiction.
After being released from prison, Daniel Defoe publishes Robinson Crusoe. This book was published in 1719. Defoe himself traveled only once: in his youth he sailed to Portugal, and the rest of the time he lived in his homeland. But the writer took the plot of the novel from life. Residents of England at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries could repeatedly hear stories from sailors about people who lived for more or less a long time on various uninhabited islands. But no story of this kind has attracted as much attention as the story of the Scottish sailor Alexander Selkirk, who lived on a desert island all alone for four years and four months () until he was picked up by a passing ship. The story of Selkirk served as the most important source for Robinson. This book has earned extraordinary popularity not only in England, but in all countries of the civilized world. The whole novel is imbued with educational ideas - the glorification of reason, optimism and the preaching of labor.
Encouraged by the enormous success of Robinson, Daniel Defoe wrote many other works in the same vein: The Sea Robber, Colonel Jack, Journey Around the World, The Political History of the Devil, and others. Defoe wrote more than two hundred books and pamphlets that were popular with his contemporaries. But, despite this, he, like other talents, lived and died in need in London. Defoe's early biographers relate that a tombstone erected on his grave in the 18th century had a modest but meaningful inscription: "Daniel Defoe author of Robinson Crusoe." He died on April 24, 1731, at the age of 70.
Leading.
1: Thank you very much for your story. However, it's time to get acquainted with Robinson Crusoe himself and he is ready to appear here if you answer the questions of our quiz and prove that you are interested in this hero.
Quiz (I part)
How many volumes does the Robinson book contain? (From 3 volumes: 1st - 1719, 2nd - 1719, - "Further adventures of R. Crusoe", 3rd - 1720 - "Serious reflections of R. Crusoe".) XVII-XVIII centuries sometimes heard from sailors about people who lived for some time on uninhabited islands, name the reason why you could be a resident of the island. (There was a cruel custom in the English fleet to leave sailors who were guilty of something on the islands.) Who was the prototype of R. Crusoe? James Cook. Alexander Selkirk. Marco Polo. How old was R. Crusoe when he first went on a sea voyage? 18 years. 27 years. 32 years. Robinson was shipwrecked and washed up on the island by a wave. Where did he spend his first night? In the cave. On the shore. On the tree. (He was afraid that predatory animals were found on the island.) How did Robinson get working tools and a gun on a desert island? Shipped from a wrecked ship. They were washed ashore. Found on the island in a hut. What animals did R. Crusoe take from the ship? Two cats and a dog. Sea pigs. Parrot. Crusoe delivered food and things from the ship to the shore? On myself. On a raft. On a boat. On what grounds did Robinson look for a place to live? (The house should be located in a dry place, sheltered from the heat of the sun, protected from possible attack by predators and people; the sea should be visible from its windows so that Robinson would not miss the ship if it appeared.) What clothes did Robinson wear? (For the first three years he wore shirts and trousers, and then he sewed clothes for himself from the skins of animals he had killed.) What “non-essential” thing did Robinson make with his own hands? (An umbrella that could open and close.) Why did Robinson Crusoe sew both the umbrella and clothes with the fur on the outside? (Rainwater ran down the fur like it was on a sloping roof.) How many boats did Robinson Crusoe build? (Two: one large, which he could not launch; the second is smaller.) Once, while studying the island, R. Crusoe discovered a flowering green valley. What grew on it? Apples, pears. Peaches, apricots. Melons, grapes, oranges. What did R. Crusoe come up with so as not to lose track of time? He put small sticks in a box. He made notches on a pole with a knife. I counted the days in my diary. How did R. Crusoe calm himself? Reminisced about the past. Dreamed of the future. He kept a diary.
Leading.
1: Now, guys, after you answered the quiz questions so well, here is Robinson Crusoe himself.
I episode
Robinson Crusoe: Yes, I was in a terrible situation. My ship crashed... I was thrown by a wave onto the shore of the island. In order not to lose heart, I started a diary ... (Reads the diary, leaves)
Leading.
2: What else was interesting in the life of Robinson Crusoe on the island? Let's test your knowledge again.
Quiz (part II)
What grains did R. Crusoe grow from? From rice, barley. From wheat, oats. From buckwheat, corn. When was Robinson able to afford to separate some of the grain for food? (Only in the fourth year did he make cakes for himself.) Birds harmed the crops. What did R. Crusoe do to scare them away? He hung the shot birds on a high pole. I put up a scarecrow. He ran across the field, shouting and waving his arms. What utensils did Robinson use? Woven from rods. Clay. Wooden. In the eleventh year of his stay on the island, R. Crusoe tamed the animal. Which? Horse. Goat. Ram. What phrase did R. Crusoe teach the parrot in the first place? “Poor, poor Robinson. Where did you go? Robinson was born in England. I want to go home". "We will return home." Shortly before the end of his life on the island, R. Crusoe saved a savage from death. What was his name? Saturday. Monday. Friday.
Leading.
1: And now you will meet a true friend of Robinson Crusoe - Friday!
Robinson and Friday scene.
R: And this is Friday, who became my friend. (Friday peers into the distance, screams, jumps and calls Robinson).
P: Get over here! Quicker!
R: What's the matter? Why are you so happy?
P: Yes, yes, I'm happy! Over there, look! You can't see from here... my land, my people are there!
R: “In vain did I treat this person with such boundless trust! He pretends to be my devoted friend, and he only thinks about how he could escape ... Now he is submissive and meek, but as soon as he finds himself among other savages, he, of course, will immediately forget that I saved his life, and betray me to his people, he will bring them here to my island. They will kill and eat me, and he will feast with them as cheerfully and carelessly as before, when they celebrated their victories over the savages of hostile tribes ... "
- And what, Friday, would you like to return to your homeland, to your own?
P: Yes! Oh, how glad I would be to go back there!
R: What would you do there! Would he become bloodthirsty again and start eating human meat as before?
P: No, no! Friday would say to all his people: live as you should; eat grain bread, milk, goat meat, don't eat man!
R: Well, if you tell them that, they will kill you.
P: No, they won't. They will be glad to learn good.
R: So you want to go home?
P: I can't swim that far.
R: Well, if I gave you a boat, would you go to yours?
P: I would go! But you must also come with me.
R: How can I go? After all, they will eat me right away.
P: No, no! I'll make sure they don't get eaten! I'll tell you that you saved my life! I will make them love you a lot!
R: Well, Friday, let's go, I'll show you the boat on which you will go home.
P: Why is Robin Crusoe angry on Friday?
R: Where did you get that I'm angry with you? I'm not at all angry.
P: "I'm not angry, I'm not angry!" Why are you sending Friday home to his countrymen?
R: You said yourself that you want to go home!
P: Yes, I would. But only with you. To you and me Robin won't go - Friday won't go. Friday does not want without Robin!
R: But judge for yourself. Why would I go there? What will I do there?
P: What are you going to do there? Do a lot, do well: teach wild people to be kind, smart.
R: Dear Friday! You don't know what you're talking about. How could such a miserable ignoramus like me teach others!
P: Not true! You taught me - you will teach other people!
R: No, Friday, go without me, and I will stay here alone, without people. After all, I lived alone until now!
Friday picks up the ax and hands it to Robinson.
R: Why are you giving me an axe?
P: Kill Friday!
R: Why should I kill you? You didn't do anything to me.
P: Why are you driving Friday away? Kill Friday, don't drive him away.
R: Dear Friday, I will never again tell you about leaving for your homeland as long as you want to stay with me. I see you are forever devoted to me.
Leading.
2: Here he is, Friday! Faithful and devoted friend.
But how did the unusual story of our hero end?
Quiz (part III)
How many years did R. Crusoe live on the island? 28 years. 32 years. 15 years. Who did Robinson take with him when he left the island? Cat and dog. Friday and parrot. Friday and the dog. Could the desert island paradise described in the novel actually exist? (Nothing is known about the existence of such an island) Thanks to what did R. Crusoe, living on a desert island, manage to stay alive? Products that I took from the ship. Weapons. Energy, perseverance and hard work.
Leading.
2: Particularly attractive in Robinson Crusoe is that he is a hard worker, a man of inexhaustible energy.
1: Another in his place would be lost if he were in such deadly dangers.
2: As soon as Robinson gave up even for a moment, gave up the fight against the formidable forces of nature, and the deserted island where fate threw him would become his grave.
1: But Robinson is hardworking and persistent, he does not back down from any obstacles, and in the end he achieves everything he wants.
2: We appreciate in Robinson his faith in human labor, his perseverance in overcoming obstacles, his courage and strong will.
1: Robinson is a role model for all of us, especially those who are in a difficult life situation.
2: That's why we fell in love with the book and its hero - the immortal Robinson Crusoe.
1: With these words, we want to end our holiday and thank everyone for their presence and active participation in it. Many thanks! Goodbye.