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Chimney deflector

The system that removes smoke from heating devices and appliances is considered one of the most important components of heating equipment, which is equally important when arranging comfort and coziness in a residential building.

A correct chimney system performs two main functions: the removal of all elements released during fuel combustion, and a correct and high-quality air flow. Particular attention should be paid to those chimneys that do not have forced pressurization, which makes it necessary to devote more time to the calculations and construction of such systems.

Their main problem can be considered strong air currents in the environment, which disrupt the draft and correct operation of the chimney. This leads to improper operation of thermal generators and smoke pollution of the living room or boiler room. It is possible to correct such a nuisance with the help of a deflector on the chimney, which is able to establish traction and exhaust in a non-coercive system.

Potential system smoke problems

Most often, smoke in the chimney system occurs for the following reasons:

• strong wind gusts, as a result of which air under strong pressure penetrates into the pipe, which causes a decrease in the traction force and smoke pollution of the living quarters;
• too narrow smoke passage, which is not able to provide the system with the required level of thrust;
• insufficient lifting height of the chimney, which does not allow the formation of the required pressure and draft force in the pipe.

Deflectors of a statistical type are designed precisely to solve all these problems, allowing the chimney to work extremely correctly and efficiently. The use of this element of the system is relevant for private or collective ventilation and chimney systems. As a rule, there are no restrictions on the use of this auxiliary device, if its location does not interfere with other functions of the chimney.

Purpose and use of deflectors

As a rule, chimney systems are considered the most important element of the entire heating system, because it is the operation of the chimney that affects the process of fuel combustion and the removal of all combustion products from the system and the house in particular.

The whole process of the heating boiler operation depends on the high-quality air flow and on the complete removal of smoke from the system. Without the proper amount of oxygen, the combustion process is impossible, and the remnants of food in a living room can decently harm the health of residents.

In order to organize the correct level of draft in the system, it is necessary to know some of the features of the chimney, the device and organization of which must be correct. First of all, it is worth considering the required section of the pipe intended for the inflow and outflow of air. The height of the chimney and its configuration can be considered important factors. Now let's look at these requirements in more detail.

The choice of the desired section directly depends on the power of the thermal energy generator. The flue duct or passage itself must be of a vertical type and straight enough so that no air locks are created during operation.

The height of the pipe should not be less than 0.5 m above the level of the ridge element of the roof structure.

In the event that compliance with these requirements has not yielded a tangible result, it is worth resorting to using a deflector, which is mounted on the top of the chimney.

The deflector principle of operation is to use wind as an additional tool in leveling or increasing the thrust level in the system. Outwardly, it looks like this. A part of the system is installed at the end of the pipe, which has a larger inner diameter than the chimney itself.

A strong wind makes it possible to create a rarefied space in the deflector, into which all combustion products remaining in the chimney move.

Among other things, the deflector also has additional useful functions that have a positive effect on the entire operation of the chimney. With the help of such an element, you can protect the system from rainwater and snow getting into it in winter. As a rule, this helps the system to function efficiently in any weather.

Varieties and principles of the design and operation of deflectors

Deflectors can be made in several common configurations and designs:

• deflectors of TsAGI type;
• round type deflector (Volper);
• deflector designed by Grigorovich;
• open and H-shaped deflector.

The deflector itself has a structure consisting of several separate parts. These parts include the bottom type cylinder, diffuser and umbrella. The diffuser is in the form of a cylinder located at the top of the element, and the umbrella protects the chimney from rain and snow. As a rule, deflectors are made of galvanized steel, which eliminates the possibility of metal corrosion and such debris.

The work of the deflector does not have any features in its concept that even a novice master cannot master. The wind flow goes around the entire deflector, colliding with it. This allows air to enter the upper deflector cylinder, increasing the draft in the chimney and drawing out any stagnant smoke in the system. Due to the intensive movement of air inside the deflector, the thrust force increases several times.

The device of this element allows you to increase the thrust even in the case when the wind flow moves in the vertical direction. For this, there are special gaps in the upper part of the cylinder through which air enters the ventilation and chimney systems.

It is worth considering such a concept as downstream wind, which can make it difficult to remove smoke and reduce the level of draft in the chimney. Due to this wind flow, versatile wind flows are formed under the deflector umbrella, which clog the entire pipe.

Wind deflector protection

Due to the presence of this feature of wind flows, the deflectors began to be equipped with special protective devices that increase the level of draft in the pipe in any weather. For this, an axle is installed inside the chimney on two bearings located at different levels.

A semi-cylindrical screen, a weather vane and a cover are installed on the axis. It is this design that protects the entire chimney from the influence of the lower wind flow.

After the direction of the wind flow changes, the weather vane turns, while closing the chimney from the wrong wind flow. Thus, any direction and strength of the wind is not able to block the path of the exhaust smoke, and the draft in the chimney remains the same power.

Do not forget that the deflectors are designed for round pipes, which can be a problem if you have an old brick pipe with a square section. In order to solve this problem, special pipes are used that act as adapters.

For chimneys with a large square cross-section, which are built for fireplace heating systems, it is necessary to use adapters in the form of spacer legs that connect the pipe and the deflector itself. These legs are made of metal strips that can be galvanized or painted with high quality.

Brick pipes need an appropriate transition with an overflow in the right direction, which makes it possible to connect a round deflector and a square chimney. In other words, it is not difficult to fix this element of the chimney system in the presence of any type and shape of chimney structures.

The deflector does not have to be bought at a hardware store, because it can be extremely easy to make with your own hands. To do this, you need to calculate the size and shape of the element, after which you can start the manufacturing process.

It is necessary to draw the upper and lower cylinders of the future deflector on galvanized sheet steel, which is easy to do with an ordinary simple pencil. You can cut the necessary elements using metal scissors, which can easily cope with this task.

As soon as these two parts are cut and filed, which is required for high-quality joining of two edges of one part, you can start securing these edges. As a rule, a welding machine, bolts or rivets are used for this.

It should be noted right away that it is extremely difficult to connect a workpiece made of galvanized steel using a welding machine, because it burns through thin metal quite quickly. It is for this reason that rivets or small bolts are most often used.

The finished cone cap must be fastened to the upper cylinder of the deflector. This is done using small brackets of the same sheet steel. It is worth attaching the brackets to the branch pipe with rivets. Do not forget that it is worth attaching the brackets only to the outer side of the deflector, so as not to create additional obstacles in its inner part for the correct air flow and smoke extraction.

A reverse cone must be attached to the element umbrella. In addition, the assembly of all parts of the deflector should be carried out directly on the pipe itself, which will make it possible to qualitatively mount and fix each individual part of the structure.

Otherwise, it is possible to poorly connect two elements of the system, which subsequently will cause a malfunction of the structure and the entire chimney as a whole. In some cases, it is simply impossible to make this structure on your own.

As a rule, this happens with brick chimneys, which require high-quality adapters or stands. From this we can conclude that it is much easier, more profitable and faster to buy this inexpensive element of the system than to try to make it yourself.

It is worth recalling that only galvanized steel can be used for the manufacture of a deflector, which successfully resists the formation of rust, which negatively affects the life and quality of service of such a system element.

In any house where there is stove heating, it is very important to create good draft in the chimney. A significant element in the gas exhaust system is a device that increases the rate of removal of combustion products. This design is called a deflector, it not only increases traction, but also protects the channel from debris or precipitation. The device of this product is quite simple, which allows you to make a deflector for the chimney with your own hands - the drawings, according to which you can make the structure, are clear and simple.

There are many types of devices that increase chimney draft. There are quite simple options to manufacture that are popular - TsAGI, Grigorovich deflectors, chimneys fixed to brick pipes. Although sophisticated designs such as wind vane deflectors have the advantage that they are also popular - these devices provide decent traction in any wind direction.

Chimney deflector

What is needed from materials and tools

When creating any of these nozzles on a pipe for the removal of combustion products, you can use materials and tools that do not require such special skills as, say, the ability to work with a welding machine. To make a deflector for the chimney with your own hands, it is enough to use:

• a mallet made of wood or rubber;
• scissors for metal;
• roulette;
• ruler;
• special chalk for metal;
• electric drill;
• manual riveter;
• drills for metal;
• hacksaw for metal;
• ordinary scissors;
• simple pencil.

Deflector types

It is not difficult to make a device, having in stock:

• sheet metal, for example, galvanized iron;
• a metal strip or a small size steel corner;
• aluminum rivets (drills are selected according to the diameter of the rivets);
• bolts and nuts for fixing the product on the chimney;
• cardboard for the preparation of patterns.

Deflector circuit

The first stage of work is drawing up drawings and patterns

Before you start making a chimney deflector with your own hands, prepare drawings on plain paper. For each option, there is a certain ratio that affects the efficiency of the device when removing gases. Therefore, a product diagram is created with an indication of the dimensions, according to which the required amount of materials will be calculated and patterns for cutting sheet metal will be created.

After preparing the drawings, patterns are made, which are used later for the construction of elements of a certain device. Having made the necessary patterns, they begin to create a metal structure.

Deflector Grigorovich - manufacturing stages

The simplest product is the Grigorovich device, which is easy for most people to make.

Calculations and preparation of drawings

When drawing drawings and dimensioning this product, the following ratio applies:

• the height of the structure is approximately 1.7d;
• the cap must be made with a width of 2d;
• the diffuser width should be about 1.3d.

Homemade deflector Grigorovich

The symbol d means the diameter of the flue duct. If a different aspect ratio is used in the manufacture, this will negatively affect the efficiency of the created device.

According to the drawn drawings, templates are prepared, which are used when cutting galvanized iron into elements, from which the product is then assembled. To do this, the outline of the elements is transferred to the cardboard, using a ruler, tape measure and a pencil, unfolded and in full size. Making a deflector for the chimney pipe of Grigorovich's design, they prepare patterns for the outer cylinder, diffuser and cap.

Diffuser calculation

Stages and nuances of making a deflector

1. Using the prepared templates, the contours of the necessary parts are applied on the sheets of metal, outlining the cardboard figures with special chalk. In the absence of special chalk, you can use a simple pencil. 20 mm are added to the contour of the parts in the overlap areas, which will allow maintaining the required configuration of the finished elements during assembly.
2. Using metal scissors, the elements necessary for assembly are cut out of galvanized metal, thereby preparing an expanded cylinder, a diffuser, and both parts of the cap - an umbrella cap together with an inverse cone.
3. Then, using a hacksaw, metal strips or a corner are cut into pieces of the required length, by means of which all the elements will be connected into a finished product.
4. The parts are given the necessary shape by folding and bending them in a certain way.
5. The next step is assembling the product. The elements are superimposed on each other and, using an electric drill, drill the necessary holes. Using rivets placed in the prepared holes, the parts are fastened together.
6. To mount the Grigorovich device on the chimney, you can use two options - in the first case, through holes are drilled at the attachment point through which the structure is fixed with fasteners on the chimney, and in the second version, a clamping clamp is made from a strip, through which the deflector is fixed to the pipe.

TsAGI chimney nozzle

TsAGI deflector manufacturing procedure

Equally common is a device developed at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI). Thanks to the simple design, it will not be difficult to make such a deflector with your own hands.

Preparation of drawings and patterns

Initially, drawings are prepared, in the preparation of which they calculate the dimensions of the product. The diameter of the chimney is taken as a basis, denoted by the symbol d. When designing a product, the following size ratio is used:

• the size of the wide part of the diffuser - 1.25d;
• ring diameter - 2d;
• ring height - 1.2d;
• distance from the lower edge of the ring to the narrow part of the diffuser - d / 2;
• diffuser height - d / 2 + 1.2d;
• umbrella width - 1.7d.

The ratio of the dimensions of the TsAGI packing

The ease of assembling the product from elements created according to such templates depends on how correctly the patterns will be made, and in the future this will affect the efficiency of the design. It is necessary to prepare templates for the following details:

• diffuser;
• inlet pipe;
• ring;
• umbrella.

Features of creating patterns for diffuser and umbrella

To make a diffuser pattern, it is necessary to make the correct calculation, due to which a figure with the necessary contour will be obtained. To do this, you need to use the option to create a truncated cone. The following is taken as the data on which the calculation will be based:

• chimney diameter - d1;
• the diameter of the circle by which the diffuser increases in the wide part - d2;
• diffuser height - H.

Preparing the umbrella template

It's easier with an umbrella template. You need to draw a circle with a diameter of 1.7d. Further - two lines of radius so that the angle between them is 30 °. Then cut out a piece of cardboard, remembering to cut out the area between the two radius lines.

The templates for the outer ring and inlet are rectangular so they are easy to make.

The order of work for the manufacture of the TsAGI deflector

After preparing the templates, work with metal begins. Making a deflector for a pipe with your own hands, do the following:

1. With the help of patterns, the necessary contours of the details are drawn on the metal. At the same time, 20 mm are added in the overlap places. Lines are applied with special chalk or a simple pencil.
2. With scissors for metal, parts are cut out along the applied contour in an expanded form.
3. Using a hacksaw, metal strips or a metal corner are cut into pieces of the required length - these segments will be used to fasten structural parts made of galvanized iron.
4. The cut elements are bent properly, holes are made in the overlap areas, and the edges are fixed with rivets.
5. Next, the product is assembled - the elements are drilled in places where they overlap, through the holes obtained, the parts are fixed relative to each other with rivets.
6. Fastening to the chimney of the structure can be prepared in two ways - to make holes for fasteners in the inlet pipe or additionally to make a clamping clamp from a metal strip, for which you will need a bolt and nut.

Adapter option for rectangular chimney

Making a chimney nozzle with a square or rectangular section

When creating a chimney deflector with a square or rectangular cross-section, you can use two design options.

Use in the design of the adapter

Initially, a drawing and a template are prepared, according to which the adapter will be cut out of galvanized steel in an expanded form.

Drawing of an adapter for a deflector to a chimney with a rectangular section

After preparing the patterns, they proceed to work with metal:

1. Using a template, he applies the contour of the adapter to the galvanized metal. It is necessary not to forget about the overlap area, adding 20 mm to the contour.
2. Scissors for metal cut out the product.
3. Then the flat element is bent in such a way that a product of the desired shape is obtained.
4. In the place of the overlap, holes are made for rivets using an electric drill.
5. The overlapping edges of the adapter are fixed with a manual riveter.
6. For attachment to the chimney, holes are made through which the adapter using fasteners will be fixed on the pipe.
7. In the place where the device and the adapter dock, holes are also made for the tie bolts.

Chimney on a rectangular chimney

Technology for creating a simple chimney

The second option is to make a canopy that is fixed to a rectangular chimney. Any person can figure out how to make a chimney on a pipe with their own hands, since the design is extremely simple and the calculations are simple.

The drawing is prepared on the basis of calculations, thanks to which the required dimensions of the product are determined. Then, on the basis of the drawing, patterns are created that are used when applying the contours of parts to a sheet of galvanized iron.

Chimney drawing on a rectangular chimney

After preparing the template, they begin to manufacture the product itself:

1. Using templates, the contours of the expanded chimney umbrella are applied with special chalk to a sheet of galvanized iron. It is necessary not to forget about the overlap places, adding 20 mm to the joint of the edges of the part.
2. With scissors for metal, cut out the parts according to the applied contour.
3. A metal strip or corner is cut into pieces of the required length with a hacksaw for metal. To fix the deflector on the chimney, it is most convenient to use a corner.
4. Parts cut from the sheet are bent in such a way that the chimney umbrella takes the required shape.
5. Next, the product is assembled by drilling holes in the right places and fixing the parts with rivets.

Vane-deflector manufacturing option

Self-made deflector-weather vane

The weather vane allows you to reduce the height of the pipe due to increased traction, as it is always in the right ratio in relation to the wind, prevents precipitation from entering the pipe and decorates the roof.

Tools and consumables for work

To make one of the options for a weather vane on a chimney pipe with your own hands, you need to add to the above tools and materials:

• set of wrenches;
• pipe section;
• a metal (preferably stainless steel) rod or a ready-made hairpin;
• a die for threading a rod;
• tap for threading for fixing bolts;
• bolts for fixing the bearings in the pipe;
• 8 nuts that will need to be screwed onto the rod to fix the bearings and fasten the deflector housing.
• two bearings, the size of which is selected according to the diameter of the rod and the inner diameter of the pipe.

Drawing of a deflector in the form of a weather vane

Step-by-step instructions and important notes

Operating procedure:

1. Initially, a drawing is made, according to which the patterns for parts are made from galvanized steel sheet.
2. Using templates, the contours of the deflector elements are drawn on a steel sheet with special chalk or a marker.
3. Metal scissors cut parts from a metal sheet.
4. The deflector body is assembled from the prepared elements by drilling holes and fastening them with rivets. It is necessary not to forget to make brackets by means of which the body will be attached to the rod.
5. Cut a rod or pin of the required length so that it is enough to secure the bearings and fix the deflector body.
6. If a rod is used, then the thread is cut with a die.
7. Next, two bearings are attached to the hairpin with a distance between them necessary to create a sufficient stop during the rotation of the deflector-vane. To fix each bearing, first screw the first nut, then put the bearing on the axle, then screw the second nut and tighten the nuts until the bearing is well fixed.
8. Cut the pipe to the required length.
9. Holes are made in the pipe at the bearing locations. The thread is cut with a tap for the bolts with which the bearings will be fixed in the pipe. Holes are also prepared for securing the supports fixing the entire device.
10. A ring is made from a steel strip to fix the deflector to the chimney.
11. Sections are cut, used as supports for attaching the block with bearings to the ring that secures the product to the chimney.
12. The final assembly of the product is carried out using rivets and fixing bolts.

Decorative weather vane

There are many options for how to make a deflector for a pipe with your own hands. Everyone chooses for himself what type of device is best suited. It should only be noted that such a structure, placed on the pipe for the removal of combustion products, performs several useful functions - it increases the draft when removing gases, protects the chimney from debris and precipitation. After installing the deflector on the chimney, the heating efficiency in the house increases significantly.

The set of necessary communications to ensure comfortable conditions in a building of any purpose involves, among other things, the device of a ventilation system. Ideally, it should be non-volatile - this is very important in modern conditions without stopping the rising prices for energy resources. That is why, even at the design stage of communications, natural ventilation is first of all considered. At the same time, the correct approach to the technological solution of the system is a rotary deflector integrated into the ventilation duct.

There can be no problems with cravings

The meaning of any ventilation system is to remove polluted air, excess moisture from the premises, that is, to ensure normal air exchange. This will be the case if the ventilation duct is functioning efficiently and correctly - the draft in it is excellent. If there are problems in this regard, then they are often provoked by rain, snow, wind masses falling into the channel shaft. Also, poor draft can be caused by an incorrect location of the ventilation pipe, its insufficient height or an incorrectly selected duct diameter. The installation of a rotary deflector is designed to eliminate such shortcomings of natural ventilation.

Reference. The rotary deflector also has other names - turbo deflector or rotary turbine. This is a complex mechanism with a rotating part - an active head, equipped with a special system of blades. Also, the design has a static part - the base to which the head is attached and connected to the ventilation pipe.

The benefits of a rotary deflector

• Regardless of the direction of the wind, the active head rotates in the same direction. As a result, the effect of "partial vacuum" in the ventilation duct is obtained - the air is rarefied, the force of the flow movement increases, and the risk of reverse thrust is close to zero.
• Rotary models completely exclude the influence of external factors on the ventilation efficiency - precipitation and gusty winds.
• The autonomy of the functioning of a mechanical device that increases the performance of the air exchange system is one of its most important advantages.
• Low costs for modernization of ventilation.
• Rapid return on investment for a turbine deflector.
• Protection of the ventilation mine from the ingress of debris, birds, etc.
• The decorative completeness of the pipe brought out to the roof - any facade benefits from the presence of such a spherical object.

Important! The rotary deflector increases the efficiency of a standard natural supply and exhaust ventilation system by 2-4 times. At the same time, "amplification" does not require connection to the power supply, which corresponds to modern trends in the energy efficiency of buildings and structures.

What are the disadvantages of a turbo deflector

The rotary design is weather-dependent - this is actually the only, but very important disadvantage of it. In calm weather, the turbo deflector is essentially no different from the usual protective visor on the duct pipe.

Is it possible to make a rotary deflector with your own hands

Simpler types of deflectors, which have been used in practice for a long time, are often made by skilled householders on their own. In principle, a technically savvy person can handle this job. True, for this it will be necessary to develop a working drawing of the future design, correctly take measurements, and develop a scheme for mounting the deflector.

Regarding the turbocharged variation, not everything is so simple - it is a technically more complex design. Therefore, almost always, having decided to use the rotary model, they acquire it in the form of a professionally made product.

What the market offers

Turbovent

The range of rotary deflectors of this brand is represented by models of different geometric shapes, in terms of the immovable base:

• A - round pipe;
• B - square tube;
• C - square flat base.

Product marking in the assortment is presented as TA-315, TA-355, TA-500. The digital index indicates the diameter of the round or the parameters of rectangular bases. It is by them that one can judge the dimensions of the mechanism, as well as the scope of its application. For example, TA-315 and TA-355 are relevant when organizing air exchange in the under-roof space. But the TA-500 is a universal device and can be integrated into the ventilation of a residential building.

The turbovent rotary deflector is produced in Russia - in the Nizhny Novgorod region, in the city of Arzamas.

Rotowent

Deflectors made of stainless steel made in Poland. Suitable for all roof configurations. Products are made of high quality stainless steel. The devices are universal - suitable for both ventilation systems and chimneys. The boundary indicator of the operating temperature is 500 C.

Turbomax

Rotary deflector manufactured by a company from the Republic of Belarus. The manufacturer positions its products as a rotating chimney hood Turbomax1. But it is also suitable for ventilation. It can be safely used in areas with II and III wind load zones. The company focuses the attention of consumers on the fact that they are ready to make a product to order according to the parameters for a specific object.

Installation features

Factory turbo deflector - one-piece design, ready for installation. It has an active movable top and a base that includes zero resistance bearings. The product is thought out in such a way that even in a strong gusty wind it will not tilt or carry it down.

Attention! When installing, it is important to take into account that the deflector of any modification must rise 1.5-2.0 m above the roof. If this device is observed, the draft in the ventilation duct will still increase.

In conclusion, we would like to note that rotary deflectors in their segment are the most expensive. At the same time, the consumer is invited to choose a suitable structure made of stainless steel, galvanized or structural steel with a protective polymer coating, the color of which can be matched to the facade design. Of course, the type of material from which the deflector is made affects its cost.

A pipe for removing smoke from a stove or boiler of a private house needs a special device installed at the very top of it. The chimney does not work well without this device. It's about the deflector. It turns out that it is easy to build it yourself. We will analyze the principle of operation of this product, its types and methods of making it with our own hands.

What is a deflector for?

The purpose of the device is obvious - the product increases the furnace draft and at the same time protects the heating system from snow, rain and dirt. Without a deflector, the wind blows out a jet of escaping smoke, which creates an obstacle or even opposition. The draft of the heat generator drops.

Experimental data suggest that the presence of the described device on the pipe of a private house provides an increase in the efficiency of the heating installation. The amount of such a gain is up to 20%.

How the deflector works

Let us consider the principle of functioning of the described structure using the simplest example. This deflector has an outer (upper) cylinder and an umbrella.

The simplest deflector consists of a body (deflector) and an umbrella

During its operation, the following processes take place:

1. The wind carries air masses. They hit the outer cylinder.
2. Further, the streams swirl along its surface.
3. Some of them, rising after swirling above the outer cylinder, pick up smoke from the stove. The thrust increases.
4. The umbrella, in turn, prevents precipitation and dirt from entering the heat generator.

People invented such a layout a long time ago, so its effectiveness has been tested over the years.

This umbrella design has one drawback. If the wind blows from below, it hits the inner surfaces of the umbrella. By reflecting air masses, they prevent smoke from escaping. But such a phenomenon is possible only with a rare downwind. Although there is a solution to eliminate this shortcoming. It is as follows - they use a secondary umbrella with back surfaces, that is, not convex, but concave.

Deflector types

There are not so many main options.

Vane

This product consists of several visors connected to each other, which rotate in the wind. For such a movement, a weather vane is located at the very top of the structure. Thanks to the flat surface using the sail effect, it reacts to the currents of air masses and turns the entire structure with it.

A modern deflector with a weather vane includes several visors and rotates under the influence of the wind

In many products, the direction of the wind is indicated by a special pin in the form of an arrow.

The hoods increase the smoke draft from the heating system. This is due to their location - they obstruct the wind, as it were, they cut it. At the same time, they protect the heating unit from the penetration of precipitation and dirt. The advantage of this design is that it always fits in the right position - exactly where the wind is blowing. But this type of deflector has a drawback. The rotation of the visors is provided by a bearing, which is short-lived and requires periodic lubrication. And in cold weather, the mechanism can jam.

The following design is based on the use of additional pipe sections.

The use of H-shaped deflectors is justified only in regions with a strong wind load.

These elements are arranged in the form of the letter "H". Hence the name: "H-shaped". It is clear that the ingress of precipitation into the chimney in this case is impossible due to the horizontally located branch pipe. Two vertical elements on the sides of the structure provide an increase in the smoke draft from the heat generator. The gases from the combustion products are taken up by air masses and blown out simultaneously in several directions. The design described is often used in regions with constant strong winds. However, in a temperate climate, the effectiveness of such a device is low.

Spark arrester

There are also such types of devices with the help of which the combustion products remaining in the smoke are disposed of. Usually for this, a classic deflector with a cylinder and an umbrella is equipped with a mesh. She extinguishes sparks.

Fine mesh screen prevents hot sparks from flying out of the deflector-spark arrestor

It happens like this: the combustion products hit the edge of the cells. Upon collision with such an obstacle, the sparks are immediately extinguished. The described advantage attracts owners whose chimney is located next to trees or other flammable objects. The mesh surface of this deflector can be integral with the cylinder walls, or it can be a horizontal obstacle inside the pipe in the path of smoke.

The spark arrester has one drawback: if improperly manufactured, this design can, contrary to its purpose, reduce the thrust.

This is one of the most common options. It was developed at the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute. The abbreviation of this institution is in the name of the product. This deflector consists of a main pipe connected to the chimney, as well as a diffuser, a wide ring and an umbrella.

The advantage of the TsAGI deflector is the low location of the umbrella: warm air flows out of the chimney channel unhindered, which greatly increases the draft

The principle of operation is simple here. The wind, breaking against the surface of the ring, picks up smoke from both above and below. And the umbrella, located inside this outer cylinder, protects against precipitation. The advantage of the described type of deflector is precisely that the umbrella is below the top of the ring. Consequently, the smoke coming out from under the specified element does not experience any obstacles in the form of wind at all. The disadvantages of the design include the complexity of manufacturing.

This is the simplest option that you can easily recreate with your own hands. The assembly includes an umbrella, a diffuser and a branch pipe.

The Grigorovich deflector can be easily made with your own hands

The wind hits the surface of the diffuser (the part of the duct in which the flow velocity increases due to the change in diameter). In this case, the external air masses from above pick up the smoke. The advantage of the design is its simplicity. The disadvantage of the product is that the umbrella is located high above the diffuser, and partly the wind blows out the smoke from the side. The cylindrical body can also be straight in the absence of a diffuser. Due to the simplicity of the design, the Grigorovich device does not very effectively increase traction, but it protects well from precipitation.

Which is better: a deflector or just an umbrella

Some owners prefer not to bother. They simply fit the end of the chimney with an umbrella on a holder. The latter is made in the form of a cylinder of the same diameter as that of the chimney. In fact, it turns out the same Grigorovich deflector, but with a straight body, without a diffuser. Such a device does not increase traction. But it justifies itself in a summer cottage, where a private house is not used as a permanent home. If the owners heat the stove only a few times in spring and autumn, then the option with an umbrella on the holder will also suit them.

With permanent residence in a country house, an increase in traction due to a deflector is absolutely necessary. Otherwise, about a fifth of the heating fuel will simply be wasted. Therefore, in this case, it is better to add at least a ring that breaks the wind to the design and get a full-fledged deflector.

Making and installing a deflector with your own hands

Let us take Grigorovich's classical construction as an example. The technology for its creation is simple.

Drawing details of the deflector

First, let's make a drawing.

A sketch of the deflector can be drawn with a pencil, but it is important to transfer all dimensions of the device to it

The dimensions are assigned in proportion to the diameter of the chimney D:

• the height of the entire product is taken to be approximately 1.7 x D;
• the diameter of the cap at the base is assumed to be 2 x D;
• we make the height of the cap about 5 - 7 cm;
• the larger diameter of the diffuser is also taken equal to 2 x D;
• the smaller diameter is considered equal to the diameter of the chimney;
• the height of the diffuser is taken equal to 1.3 x D.

We assign the rest of the sizes at our own discretion - as it is more convenient.

Required tools

To work we need the following tools:

• scissors for metal;
• hammer;
• pliers;
• rivet gun;
• roulette;
• pencil;
• cardboard;
• compass.

We use galvanized sheet 0.8 mm thick as the material.

Deflector assembly step-by-step

Instructions for making a Grigorovich deflector are as follows:

1. On cardboard we draw in full size all the sweeps of the three elements of the product. To do this, take a drawing and mentally unfold the diffuser, branch pipe and cap on a plane. How to do it? With the branch pipe, everything is already clear - it turns out a rectangle in which one of the sides is equal to the circumference. But with cones it is more difficult. For them, take the value of the base radius R and the length of the inclined side L. Then the sweep angle is 180 x (R / L).

   The sweep angle is calculated using a fairly simple formula

2. Then we draw these three patterns and cut them out with scissors. To be sure, so as not to be mistaken in the sweeps, you can first assemble a model of the deflector from cardboard.

   In order to check the correct cutting, the model can first be assembled from cardboard

3. We cut out the galvanized sheet along the resulting contours on cardboard. For this, the patterns are applied to the corresponding blanks. Leave 10 mm each time on any edge. This is a margin for connecting nodes. We draw the contours with a pencil or marker.
4. We cut out the blanks with metal scissors. We get in expanded form all the elements of the deflector - a diffuser, a cylinder and a cap. We prepare the part holders in the same way. To do this, we cut five strips of 20 mm wide from galvanized sheet. We make three strips to fix the umbrella. Their length is equal to the height of this element relative to the diffuser. Plus a centimeter margin on the tip for securing. Two strips are needed to fasten the closed edges of the umbrella and diffuser sweeps.

   With metal scissors, you can carefully cut a galvanized sheet according to the markings

By folding the blanks, we give them the intended shape. We fasten closed edges with tapes and rivets or bolts with nuts. We simply overlap the closed edges of the pipe. Next, we fix the resulting node with the selected fasteners.

Finished parts are fastened with rivets or bolts

5. Place three strips at equal distances vertically on the diffuser. We fix them with rivets or bolts. At the end of the process, we also connect these three holders with the previously assembled umbrella. The deflector is ready.

The above instructions are also suitable for the process of constructing other types of installations. Only in these cases will additional nodes appear, which means that labor intensity will increase.

Video: how to make a chimney deflector with your own hands

Fastening the deflector to the chimney

Now we will consider directly the process of installing the product on the chimney.

There is also an easier way. You can "put" the installation on the chimney and fasten it with self-tapping screws using a screwdriver. But in this case, some of the smoke will penetrate through the holes in the fasteners. Next, we melt the heat generator and check the draft by measuring the fuel burnout time.

It turns out that making a chimney deflector is not difficult. It is enough just to have the skills of plumbing work and clearly follow the instructions given. And during operation, the product does not need any maintenance. The only thing left to do is to check whether its fastening is loose. The benefits of the deflector are obvious - saving fuel and heat in the house.

For the normal operation of any kind of furnace or boiler, good draft is necessary. To avoid problems with it, experts advise installing a deflector on the chimney pipe. This convenient and simple solution will help you get rid of various troubles associated with trash and bad weather conditions. Such a device always contributes to the free removal of combustion products.

Install a deflector to avoid unpleasant consequences

Deflector purpose

Translated from English, a deflector is a reflector. It has the appearance of a pipe structure mounted on a cap that protects the top of the chimney. The device is intended for leveling and strengthening the draft of heating equipment - a gas boiler or a stove for a summer residence. It serves as a safe way to remove combustion products.

If you do not install a deflector on the chimney pipe, air masses will penetrate into it. In the future, this leads to counteraction and obstruction of the normal draft of the thermal device. When such a device is installed, the efficiency of the boiler or furnace increases by 20%. In addition to its main function, it provides:

1. Equalization of thrust, resulting in improved oxygen access and fuel savings.
2. Spark extinguishing. With an increase in the combustion temperature of the fuel and the draft in the chimney, sparks are formed, which very often serves as a pretext for a fire, and a deflector on the chimney ensures safety.
3. Reliable protection against the influence of atmospheric precipitation in the form of strong winds, snow, rain, hail, since the installed structure will ensure uninterrupted operation of the boiler or furnace under different weather conditions.

In this video, you will learn about the benefits of a deflector:

This simple device is often installed to improve traction and protect the stove or gas boiler from debris and atmospheric precipitation. Such structures are usually bought in specialized stores and attached to the edge of the chimney.

Reflector device

The traction enhancer is used in most homes. The owners of private buildings know well what a chimney deflector is for and what functions it performs. Depending on the design option, it can be composed of several parts. The main details in the device:

• lower cylinder;
• cap;
• top glass.

The lower cylinder, or the inlet pipe, is in direct contact with the chimney. It is almost always made from a sheet of metal. There are also other material options - asbestos cement or ceramics.

This device consists of 3 elements

The upper glass in the lower part of the structure expands; special racks are used to fix it to the cylinder. Holes are made at the top and bottom to change the direction of the wind. The part of the diffuser at the top can have several names - umbrella, cap. It also differs in its shape and happens:

• flat;
• semicircular;
• gable with a plucked surface;
• with lid.

Principle of operation

Regardless of the size, number of parts and shape of the reflectors, all deflectors work according to the same principle. The aerodynamic device is installed at the top of the chimney. This creates an obstruction to the air flow. When it hits the cylinder walls, the wind loses its directional force, breaking into many smaller and weaker air currents.

The rest of the streams, rising along the body, partially capture the smoke coming out of the pipe. The draft in the chimney is increased. Since there are no turbulences, carbon monoxide and smoke cannot get back into the pipe and are thrown out completely.

In addition to their main purpose, deflectors often play a decorative role. However, the reflector alone will do nothing if it is not installed correctly. Its efficiency is influenced by the correctly selected cross-section of the connecting pipe, the chimney installed at a sufficient height and the location of the pipe on the roof.

Main types

There are many designs available in specialized stores. Which deflector is better to choose for the chimney will depend on the type of boiler. Very often, simple models are made with their own hands in order to save money. Some of the more popular reflectors include the following:

1. TsAGI is considered the most popular device. It is distinguished by its cylindrical shape. Such a reflector is made of stainless steel or galvanized. The type of connection is nipple and flanged. The main advantage is the convenient location for the discharge of air masses through the ventilation ducts, which improves traction. Through such a structure, smoke quickly leaves the chimney. Among the disadvantages is the difficulty in manufacturing.
2. Round Volper is very similar to TsAGI, but it has differences in the upper part. A protective visor is installed there against various pollution and precipitation. The most relevant model for baths, made of stainless steel, galvanized and copper.
3. The Grigorovich reflector is the most affordable option, so it is often done by hand. The uncomplicated design consists of an upper and lower cylinder, a cone, pipes and brackets for fixing. The simplicity of the device is its main advantage, and the high position of the umbrella is considered a disadvantage, which contributes to the side blowing of smoke.
4. The H-shaped reflector is suitable for installation with pipe sections, which allows it to withstand maximum wind loads. The main parts of the device are mounted in the shape of the letter H. This feature prevents contamination and precipitation from entering the pipe due to the horizontal arrangement of the branch pipe. The vertically arranged side members improve internal draft, resulting in smoke being ejected in different directions at the same time.
5. A weather vane is a device with a rotating body fixed at the top of the chimney. It is made of stainless steel or carbon steel. Visors that cut the wind air currents are designed to improve draft in the chimney. They also protect boilers and stoves from external contamination. The disadvantage of the device is the fragility of the bearings that facilitate the movement of the visors.
6. The dish reflector can also be attributed to the simplest and most affordable deflectors. It protects the chimney system well and provides strong draft. To prevent dirt and precipitation from entering the pipe, the device is equipped with a special visor. In its lower part there is a cap directed towards the pipe. Internal thrust is doubled due to the narrow and rarefied channel where air masses enter.

Some of the models can be made by yourself. For this, it is necessary to have working drawings with the indicated dimensions. The required values ​​can be obtained after measuring the inner diameter of the chimney. If there are inaccuracies in the parameters, then difficulties will arise during the installation of the device and in the process of its further operation.

Installation of products is carried out in two ways- to a section of a pipe or to a chimney. The first option is the most convenient, since preliminary work can be done below, and not on the roof, which is safer. Factory products are most often equipped with a lower branch pipe, which makes the task easier. It is simply put on the pipe and fixed with metal clamps.

A reliable deflector will create good draft and help the heating equipment operate more efficiently. It will provide safety and comfortable living conditions for all residents of the house in the cold season in all weather conditions.

How to make a deflector on a chimney pipe with your own hands

The process of developing and assembling a deflector on a chimney consists of four stages: drawing, creating blanks, assembling, installing the structure and fixing it directly on the chimney.

Required tools

You will definitely need:

• a sheet of thick paper for drawing and layout;
• marker for marking;
• riveter for connecting structural elements;
• metal scissors for cutting parts;
• drill;
• hammer.

The choice of base material depends on the design and type of device. When creating static deflectors on a round chimney pipe at home with your own hands, it is best to take sheet metal. The most commonly used zinc plating, it is affordable and durable.

Do not forget about the right tool, before installing the deflector

Development of a drawing of a model of the TsAGI deflector

There is an algorithm on how to make a deflector on a chimney pipe with your own hands. The first step is recommended to be done on paper. First, you need to calculate the dimensions of the diameter of the branch pipe and the upper dome of the structure, as well as calculate the height of the reflector.

For this, special formulas are used:

• diameter of the upper part of the deflector - 1.25d;
• outer ring diameter - 2d;
• construction height - 2d + d / 2;
• ring height - 1.2d;
• cap diameter - 1.7d;
• the distance from the base to the edge of the outer casing is d / 2.

Where d is the diameter of the chimney.

To facilitate the task, a table will help, which contains ready-made calculations for standard sizes of metal pipes.

Diameter stove pipes, cm	Diameter external casing, cm	Height external casing, cm	Diameter weekend holes diffuser, cm	Diameter cap, cm	Height installations external casing, cm
100	20.0	12.0	12.5	17.0…19.0	5.0
125	25.0	15.0	15.7	21.2…23.8	6.3
160	32.0	19.2	20.0	27.2…30.4	8.0
20.0	40.0	24.0	25.0	34.0…38.0	10.0
25.0	50.0	30.0	31.3	42.5…47.5	12.5
31.5	63.0	37.8	39.4	53.6–59.9	15.8

If the chimney has a non-standard width, then all calculations will have to be performed independently. But, knowing the formulas, it is easy to measure the diameter of the pipe and determine all the necessary indicators in order to use them in drawing up drawings.

Further ease of assembly of the structure will depend on the correctness and accuracy of the paper patterns. It is required to prepare drawings for the main parts: diffuser, inlet, ring and umbrella.

When the templates are made, it is recommended to first assemble a paper prototype of the future reflector. Even if you are an experienced craftsman and are sure that you will design a deflector for the stove chimney with your own hands without problems, you should not skip this stage, since it is he who will help you identify possible errors and flaws, and correct the calculations or drawing. Only after creating the correct paper layout, which confirms that the deflector circuit is accurate, can you proceed to the next step.

Step-by-step instructions for creating metal blanks and assembling a structure

There is a work order that must be followed, otherwise you will not be able to connect the individual parts of the chimney deflector yourself with your own hands.

The procedure is as follows:

1. Using paper blanks, transfer the template to the surface of the metal from which you plan to make the reflector. Carefully trace the outlines of the paper parts. You can use a permanent marker, special chalk, and even a simple pencil for this purpose.
2. Using scissors for metal, cut out the blanks of the necessary structural parts.
3. Along the entire contour on the cuts, the metal must be bent by 5 mm and carefully walked with a hammer.
4. Roll the workpiece in the shape of a cylinder, drill holes for fasteners so that you can connect the structure with rivets. Welding is allowed, but not arc welding. Care must be taken not to burn through the metal. Choose the distance between the main attachment points from 2 to 6 cm, it varies depending on the size of the finished structure. The outer cylinder is rolled up and fastened in the same way.
5. Bending and connecting the edges, make the rest of the details: an umbrella and a protective cap in the form of a cone.
6. Fasteners should be cut out of the galvanized sheet - 3-4 strips: width 6 cm, length - up to 20 cm. Bend on both sides along the entire perimeter and walk over them with a hammer. From the inside of the umbrella, you need to drill the mounting holes, 5 cm away from the edge. 3 points will be enough. After that, fasten the metal strips to the cap with rivets. Then they need to be bent at an angle of 90 degrees.
7. Rivet the diffuser and the cone to the inlet.
   Having made a deflector for a round pipe with your own hands, you can start installing it.

A similar method can be used to create a volper chimney deflector. Its design is very similar to the TsAGI model, but there are some differences at the top. They are also made of stainless steel, galvanized or copper.

Build a weather vane deflector

The deflector vane makes it possible to minimize the height of the chimney, as it increases the air draft. It can be rotated to be constantly in the desired position in relation to the direction of the wind. The work here is a little more difficult, but you can do it yourself.

First, you also need to carry out calculations and prepare a drawing, according to which templates for metal parts should be made.

Operating procedure:

1. Take your paper patterns and draw the outlines of the weather vane parts on a sheet of metal.
2. Using scissors, cut out all the reflector elements.
3. Assemble the reflector body by pre-drilling the holes for assembling the structure using rivets. Prepare metal brackets separately, which you can then use to secure the parts to the rod.
4. Make the rod or stud long enough to fit the bearings and secure the housing. Use a die to thread it onto it.
5. Secure the 2 bearings to the metal stud. The distance should be such that it is guaranteed to provide support when the structure rotates. First screw on the nut, then put the prepared bearing on the axle, and only then securely fix the fastening with the second nut.
6. Cut a piece of pipe to a sufficient length, and then drill holes in it where the bearings are located. Use a tap to cut the threads so that you can bolt the bearings into the pipe. Drill additional holes to install the feet.
7. Cut a steel strip to make a ring, this will be used to attach the deflector to the chimney.
8. Using the special fixing strips, install and fix the structure on the chimney.