Decorated plaster. Types and key features of decorative plaster. Photo examples. Textured finishing material and its appearance

Many consider decorative wall plaster to be a beautiful, but very expensive finishing material, but in reality this is not so. Naturally, there are very expensive types of such material, but today we will tell you only about the most affordable ones that anyone can apply with their own hands.

Structural plaster for walls has several types of texture:

bark beetle (imitation of spoiled tree bark);
textured plasters under the stone;
flock (with silk effect);
with marble chips;
Venetian;
"rain" - imitation of raindrops on glass;
"rock".

We will talk about the most common for interior decoration and, very importantly, inexpensive types - rain and rock, which are the easiest to do.

Application of decorative plaster "rock"

Rock texture plaster This method of application is the easiest, it is perfect for beginners. To create a structural surface, we will not buy a special mixture, but use the usual finishing putty based on gypsum or cement. Sheetrock putty is best suited for this, as it is sold ready-made, it does not need to be stirred by hand. It is better not to take too soft and loose types of such material (for example, Vetonit).

Note! Decorative plaster for, toilet and bath is suitable only on a cement basis. Here it is imperative to apply a thick layer of water-based protective varnish over the paint. In wet areas, like bathrooms and kitchen worktops, make a backsplash out of glass, tiles, or panels.

Before it is important to prime the walls and it is advisable to apply a layer of putty; this will save you gaps and improve the quality of coverage.
How to apply putty? We choose a small area on the wall, about 0.5 square meters. m., and we collect putty on the ironing board. It is necessary to spread it evenly with a layer of 2-3 mm. The thicker the layer, the rougher the texture will be.
After that, having evenly distributed the solution on the wall, you can begin to create a structural pattern. clean the trowel from the material and firmly attach it to the wall on fresh putty. This can be done with either side, but you need to slightly raise the bottom edge of the iron and at the same time make a downward movement. If you just apply it to the surface, it will stick.
In this way you will get the texture by creating small bumps on the applied mortar. To create a beautiful pattern, movements can be completely different, this is the uniqueness of decorative plaster. The main thing is that when the trowel comes off the mixture, do it smoothly so that there are no marks left. Try a couple of times and you will understand how to do it better. You can apply the structure with herringbone, crosswise, vertical, horizontal, etc. movements. If something doesn't work out, you can make amends and try again.
It is also important to clean the trowel after each applied area so that excess mortar does not spoil the texture.
After you have done the first section, proceed to the next, but overlap the previous one so that there are no gaps.
After application, you need to wait about a day for the walls to dry completely, and then you can proceed to further painting, this is written below.

In the process of work, you may have problems with the sticking of the ironing board, traces of it and, as a result, an uneven pattern. If it is not possible to achieve the same pattern on the entire wall, then it's okay - you are doing an imitation of rocks. The main thing is not to allow sudden changes, otherwise they will be striking.

Applying plaster with rain

This finishing method is more difficult than the first, but the result is much more effective. An example of such a wall, see the photo.

An example of decorative plaster with rain in the kitchen
Most often, the structure of the rain is applied at an angle, but this is not important.

You can see the method of applying plaster with rain in more detail in the video:

Painting decorative plaster

Be sure to prime the surface before painting. For the application of the second and subsequent layers, a primer is not needed.
If you paint structural plaster with a solid color, the texture will be lost and the result will not be the best. The greatest effect is achieved when painting with two colors to highlight the texture. To do this, you can use the method of dry brushing or washing. Applying paint with a wash emphasizes the depressions of the relief, and with a dry brush, on the contrary, the protrusions.
For a rock, any method is perfect, since its texture is quite diverse, but for rain only a wash is good.
In any case, you will have to apply the original background color, preferably in several layers. To do this, apply the paint with a long-haired roller. But too thick a layer will also look bad, as it can hide the small roughness of the texture you created.

Advice! Please note that paint consumption will be more than on ordinary smooth walls. To paint the background for washing, it is better to choose a good waterproof paint, and for a dry brush, any paint will do.

To highlight the relief with a dry brush, it is better to use light contrasting shades, and to emphasize the wash, on the contrary, use darker ones.

Dry brush painting

Consider how the dry brush painting technique works. To do this, you need a wide flat brush, a paint bath and pieces of cardboard.

Pour some paint into the bath and dip the brush into it. Then wipe the tool first on the bath and then on a piece of cardboard to remove excess.
Now you can apply paint to the plaster with light movements in different directions. The important point here is that the brush must be held parallel to the wall so that it barely touches its surface, and with chaotic movements it seems to wipe off the remnants.

The main thing is to avoid sharp color transitions and brush marks. As a result, you should get a wall like in the photo:

Dry brush example

Paint wash

Much more difficult is the second method of applying paint with a wash. Its essence is that you apply another, darker layer of paint to the wall. After some time, you wipe it with a wet cloth, not allowing it to dry completely. As a result, the depressions will look darker than the bulges.

The technology itself is very simple, but requires a lot of time and physical costs. But if you make a bright spot somewhere, you can paint over it again and wipe it off.

The photo shows an example where the first background paint layer was white and the wash layer was yellow.

Dark paint wash example

To make it easier to wash off the second wash layer, it is better to use a simple non-moisture resistant paint. As a rule, it costs less, so you can even save a little.

Lacquer application

The final and mandatory step is varnishing the paint. This is done for additional protection and a brighter and more saturated color.

For this purpose, you can use any water-based varnish, such as Alpina or Tikkurila. Be sure to dilute it with water approximately 1:1 so that it penetrates well into the structure.
Apply varnish with a wide brush in 2 or 3 layers. To avoid smudges on the walls, squeeze the brush against the ribs of the paint bath. Before applying the next layer, you need to wait a bit, the varnish dries quickly.

In the photo you can see the result of structural plaster, which was covered with 2 layers of Tikkurila Paneeli Assa varnish. The approximate consumption of varnish is 2.5 liters per 50 square meters. m. plaster with rain.

Lacquered plaster
As you can see, the result is much better. Now you can freely wash such a wall with a rag and not be afraid to damage it. To give the room a finished look, stick the ceiling plinth on the putty during repair or after painting.

How much does decorative plaster cost

3 buckets of Sheetrock putty, each costs 1000 rubles. To save money, you can buy a cheaper type and stir the solution yourself with a mixer.
10 liters of Caparol white paint - 4500 rubles.
2.5 liters of Finncolor ocher paint - 1000 rubles.
1 can of Paneeli Assa varnish - 1200 rubles.

Total: 9700 rubles were spent on decorative plastering of the walls with their own hands, despite the fact that high-quality materials were used, and not the cheapest ones. It does not come out so expensive, but it looks very unusual. This is not wallpapering: not every apartment has such beautiful walls.

Conclusion

As you can see, do-it-yourself textured wall plastering allows you to make repairs without much physical effort, even for a girl. The pattern will be unique on the entire surface, and the finish will be unique.

Subject to the technology described above, such a coating will serve you for many years, even in busy rooms (like a kitchen and a corridor). We have only described some of the ways to create a textured surface, but you can use any means to create a unique design.

Now you rarely find a person who has not heard of decorative plaster. Many would like to use it in repairs, but it is very difficult to understand the variety that exists ... So, let's figure out what decorative plaster is ...

In my opinion, this is a generalized name for a great variety of decorative finishes. Both "Venetian", and decorative paint, textured paint, structural paint, structural and textured plasters - all this is decorative plaster. Only each manufacturer, trying to stand out, calls it in its own way, thereby only confusing the buyer.

The main differences between all these products are as follows: they can be thin-layered or thick-layered, fine-grained, medium-grained or coarse-grained ... Well, they differ in composition, of course. Some manufacturers use cheaper raw materials for production, while others use higher quality. The price of the finished product, of course, also depends on this. And this is exactly the case when the ratio "price - quality" works in full. The cheaper the product, the lower the quality of the finish, appearance and tactile perception of these materials ... The cheapest ones look rough, unpleasant to the touch, and it is difficult to give them an aesthetically beautiful look. Touching them is often unpleasant. Basically, we have materials based on gypsum and based on quartz sand. Of course, both those and others are environmentally friendly. But the second ones are stronger, and the first ones are too porous, which means they will collapse faster. Plaster textures and tog based on quartz, as a rule, are somewhat more expensive.

Plaster samples

In the manufacture of any texture, no matter what material you choose in the end, the application technology is the same for everyone. Surfaces must be prepared as for painting, smooth, without cracks and chips. It is a delusion to think that decorative plaster can be applied to uneven walls or walls with defects, that it can hide wall errors with it. Since the materials are generally heavy, the adhesion must be very good ( adhesion is adhesion to a surface). Therefore, surfaces are impregnated with acrylic primers, which helps to remove dust from the surface and, if the surface is too absorbent, such as gypsum putty, the absorption of the applied material must be equalized so that it is the same over the entire surface. The soil will help with this. The next step is the application of the substrate, as a rule, it is a fine-grained quartz primer, it is applied with a roller in two layers. The surface will be rough, similar to fine sandpaper, this surface will give the necessary adhesion for the subsequent application of textured material. This preparation is desirable for all decorative plasters. If the technology is observed, then there will be no unpleasant surprises.

The next step is to apply the texture itself. Depending on the selected sample, the necessary tools are taken. Usually these are trowels, spatulas, rollers and various decorative tools that imitate various effects. There are a lot of them now.

After creating the desired texture, leave to dry completely. To start finishing - usually these are various glazing materials - azure, varnishes, waxes.

Glaze(from German Lasierung - glaze), glizal or gleyz (from English Glaze - glaze, gloss) - a technique for obtaining deep iridescent colors by applying translucent paints over the base color

Plasters can be applied both white and tinted. Almost all of them are tinted in light, pastel shades. But there are manufacturers who make bases for tinting in dark colors, there are few of them. There are some that are not tinted at all. In this case, the color is applied on top with tinted paint or glazing. I must say that glazing materials emphasize the depth of the texture more favorably, and then it looks much more interesting, even if the plaster has been tinted, it is better to apply azure or wax on top. Tinted or colorless, they will still emphasize the texture and make it more complete.

Decorative plaster is a solution used for finishing walls outside public buildings and private houses, as well as inside apartments, offices and other premises. Its main purpose is to improve the aesthetic and decorative qualities of the surface. In the article we will consider all types of decorative plaster for walls.

The word "plaster" is of Italian origin and literally translates as "gypsum" or "alabaster". The composition of the plaster mixture for decoration has common components with ordinary plaster - sand, lime, cement, but its main difference lies in the addition of various granulates - dry bulk substances in the form of small granules, for example, stone chips, wood fibers, etc.

Decorative plasters can be sold ready-made, that is, previously diluted with water or a special solvent, such mixtures can be used immediately for work. Dry components can also be supplied, which must be diluted according to the instructions before application.
Depending on the end result and the design idea, various fillers can be added to the decorative plaster: small pieces of mica, shells or small pebbles, which, after the plaster layer has hardened, will look organically on the wall. In addition, in this way it is possible to achieve the effect of additional surface volume.

Types of decorative plaster for walls

The surface can be decorated in various ways, for example, simple plaster can decorate a wall, giving it a perfectly smooth structure. Of course, thanks to the special composition, it became possible to obtain a relief effect, achieve a glossy surface or imitate any natural materials without much effort.

Decorative plaster is distinguished according to several principles. For example, according to the type of filler, it can be:

textured;
structural;
Venetian.

The textured and structural appearance form a rough surface and they are usually called embossed plasters, and the Venetian forms a perfectly flat surface, so it is referred to as a smooth type of plaster.

All of these types are made on the basis of environmentally friendly substances, due to which they are considered safe, reliable and durable materials.

There are several types of plaster according to the binder used.

Acrylic. The binder is a high molecular weight polymer (acrylic resin), which provides good elasticity of the applied layer. It may contain organic and inorganic pigments, due to which the composition acquires a different color. Acrylic decorative plaster is sold as a ready mix. The disadvantage of this type of coating is low vapor permeability, so the material is limited in use. Also, plaster is exposed to UV rays, over time, the coating may begin to crack. Acrylic resin in the composition, allows you to paint the mixture in any desired color using pigment pastes.

Mineral. The binder is cement. It has a relatively low price and is most often produced in the form of a dry mixture, which must be diluted with water before work. An excellent option for decorative plaster for bathroom walls and for outdoor use. In humid weather, slightly less water should be added to the solution. It is considered the most environmentally friendly decorative material. Over time, such a coating only becomes stronger, has good resistance to UV rays, but is afraid of mechanical damage, in addition, it is not advisable to wash it with devices that use high pressure. The standard color of such plaster is considered to be a light range.
Silicone. The binding component is synthetic resins. It is used for exterior decoration and for interior work, it has plasticity and ease of application. They are resistant to UV rays, do not attract dust and odors. Forms a moisture-repellent layer during application, due to which silicone decorative plaster is used for facing external walls in a zone of high humidity. Produced in the form of a ready-made mixture, various colors.
silicate. The binder is liquid glass (alkaline potassium carbonate, quartz sand and potassium hydroxide). It is distinguished by high strength of the applied layer, resistance to mold and decay, as well as the ability to repel water. The mixture has impregnating, adhesive and astringent qualities. It is applied practically on any surfaces, has an excellent indicator of fire resistance and vapor permeability. Supplied as a ready-mix, various color shades. One of the most reliable plasters, the service life can reach 50 years or more.

Silicate and silicone plasters are most often used in facade decoration and construction in humid climates.

Textured plaster

This is a plaster with a coarse, highly viscous structure. The filler is linen fibers, wood, mica, mineral chips (granite, marble) or small pebbles. It is used for decorating brick, concrete, plastered and wooden surfaces. Great for outdoor decoration and interior work.

Due to the special particles in the composition, textured plaster hides large defects and most surface irregularities. For its application, it is practically not necessary to pre-prepare the walls, it is enough to dry and clean them, if there are peeling coatings, they should be removed, and then an adhesive composition or a special “concrete contact” solution should be applied, this is necessary for reliable adhesion of the plaster to the wall.
The applied layer has high hardness, water resistance and forms an air-permeable coating. The surface obtained as a result of application can be an imitation of natural stone, natural leather, wood or fabric. Among the types of decorative plaster, textured is the most common, in addition, it has a relatively low price.
The plaster is supplied for sale in various containers, weighing 9, 18, and 50 kg, dry and ready for use. It can be tinted in any color during application, or painted after drying. Average consumption up to 2 kg per 1 m2. The larger the filler, the more composition is required for applying one layer. It is not recommended to use plaster for outdoor work during rainy or damp weather, and at temperatures up to + 7 degrees.
It is possible to apply textured plaster without the use of highly specialized tools, and there is also no need to involve professionals, even with self-decoration of walls, many design options are obtained.

Subspecies of textured plaster

Lamb- plaster has various sizes of stone grains, is applied to mineral bases, the surface is rough and uniformly grained.

Fur coat- the surface after application is rough, in the form of a slight "hairiness", the main component of this mixture is cement.

bark beetle- composite plaster, with fine stone filler, when applied, forms a grooved texture resembling the surface of corroded wood.

The peculiarity of textured plaster is that the surface relief appears immediately after application.

Structural plaster

A material having a thin layer structure, made on an acrylic or silicate basis. As a structure-forming substance, marble chips or quartz elements are used. Outwardly, it looks like a granular heterogeneous mass. It is applied to decorating of walls in rooms and finishing of facades.

It may be fine-grained and look like an almost even layer when applied, as well as medium-grained, after drying such a plaster, a kind of relief appears. It adheres well to most mineral surfaces, drywall and chipboard.
Structural plaster forms a layer with excellent air permeability, resistant to moisture and atmospheric phenomena. Available in 9, 18 and 50 kg packages. Supplied in the form of a ready-mix, it is not allowed to add coloring pigments to the composition. Apply with a trowel to a dry, clean surface, previously treated with a deep penetration primer. The consumption rate when applied in one layer is 3 kg per m2.
It is not recommended to use in damp rooms or during rain during outdoor work, the air temperature should be above +7 degrees. Plaster can be applied in various ways and with tools: with a smooth spatula, roller or sprayer. So, to obtain the effect of waves, coarse-grained plaster is used, which is applied in a circular motion with a spatula.
Very often, structural plaster is used for finishing walls in corridors and bathrooms, as well as for finishing facades, fences and gates. For interior work, it is recommended to use a material made on a water basis, quick-drying and odorless. The resulting surface is sufficiently impact-resistant and resistant to mechanical damage. Wet cleaning of the plastered wall is allowed.

Venetian plaster

This phrase appeared as a result of the literal translation of the phrase "stucco veneziano". It is a decorative multilayer coating. Such a plaster mixture is made with the addition of marble chips and slaked lime. It has a fairly homogeneous structure. It became widespread in ancient Rome, when a lot of dust and small particles remained when working with marble, which began to be used as a material for facing.

Visually finished layer resembles the surface of natural marble or onyx. Proper finishing with Venetian plaster requires special skill. It should be applied with a flexible rubber spatula, in thin strokes, in several layers (5-6), each of which requires thorough drying. The material is quite expensive, but the resulting effect fully justifies its price. Most often, Venetian plaster is used in rooms decorated in antique or classical style, as well as in baroque style.
Thanks to various application methods, matt or glossy surfaces can be achieved. The plaster is intended for indoor use only. The mixture may be tinted. Available in containers of 8 and 16 kg. The surface to be decorated must be clean, level and dry. Before facing the walls, it is recommended to pre-reinforce, and then putty and prime. If the technology is violated, cracks can form on the decorative plaster, which are very difficult to get rid of.
In addition to the stone surface, Venetian plaster can imitate precious metals, due to the special staining with special pigments. Using such a finish indoors, you can achieve the effect of increasing space, due to the refraction of light. This coating often acts as a basis for complex panels and frescoes.

Specific types of decorative plaster

Colored plaster - made on the basis of acrylic and marble chips. Possesses high adhesion to mineral surfaces, water resistance and sufficient hardness. The color scheme is represented by fifteen shades. It is applied to a dry, cleaned surface, in one layer. To prevent noticeable joints, the mixture must be brought to the corner. Equally suitable for both outdoor and indoor work.

Roller plaster- contains a filler of natural origin of various fractions from 1 mm to 2.5 mm. When applied, a texture is formed with small channels-recesses. It is applied to registration of facades and decorating of walls in office and premises. Tinting or surface staining is allowed. It is applied to the surface with a wide spatula, and then rubbed with a trowel in circular, cross-shaped, vertical or horizontal movements.

latex plastic- allows you to create a smooth finish with a slight gloss, imitating the texture of a smooth stone or marble, as well as various relief surfaces. The material is resistant to cracking, has high moisture resistance, so that the plastered surface is easy to clean. The mixture can be tinted in various colors, while in order to achieve the effect of the structure of natural stone, the colors should not be thoroughly stirred. The mixture is applied only on even walls, previously puttied and treated with a deep penetration primer.

"Wet Silk"- the coating, which resembles the surface of a fabric, contains mother-of-pearl particles, the overflows of which imitate the overflows of flowing silk. Tinting in any color is allowed, several color variations are initially produced: white, gold, garnet, silver and bronze. The formed surface possesses high moisture resistance and perfectly transfers damp cleaning. An excellent option for decorative plaster for kitchen walls.
"Sea breeze"- the coating has a translucent structure, with a slight pearly sheen. Fine-grained sand is added to the composition. Can be tinted, several basic colors are available: gold, white, garnet, bronze and chameleon. Used for interior design.

Advantages of decorative plaster

Plaster-based decorative coating has won the love of many designers, thanks to its special properties and qualities that distinguish it from other materials for interior decoration.

Able to hide irregularities and defects of the decorated surface;
applied to most known materials (brick, stone, concrete, wood, drywall and many other coatings);
does not absorb odors;
has high sound-absorbing properties;
has a unique and inimitable design;
application does not require special surface preparation;
differs in high indicators of resistance to any atmospheric phenomena;
The resulting coating has breathable properties;
forms a moisture and frost-resistant layer;
due to the special plasticity, it is possible to process structures of any complexity, as well as create all kinds of patterns and drawings;
forms an environmentally friendly, practical and durable coating that is resistant to mechanical stress;

Decorative plaster walls in the apartment

To obtain a high-quality decorative coating, the mortar should be applied using tools that do not have defects, damage, chips, cracks or nicks. Each type of plaster mixture involves its own finishing methods and techniques, to give the surface expressiveness and special artistic properties.

Venetian plaster

Venetian plaster, for the manifestation of the necessary pattern, requires multi-layer application. The work is carried out with various widths of stainless steel painting tools (spatula, trowel). The main layer is applied with the widest tool, while gaps should remain on the surface. Strokes are made wide and asymmetrical. All subsequent layers should cover the gaps of the previous application. To give more expressiveness, each layer can have its own color shade.

The applied layers are dried in turn, each of them is leveled and additionally polished with a smooth steel tool. This method is called ironing, due to which the surface acquires a glossy appearance. If additional gloss is required, then the plaster can be covered with a special varnish or wax. Due to the translucent layers, the effect of depth and volume is achieved.

Relief decorative plaster

A slightly different finish is embossed decorative plaster. In this case, no special treatment of the walls is required, as for applying smooth plasters. It is enough to remove old finishing materials (painting, wallpaper, whitewash), clean and dry the surface.
After that, the walls are treated with a primer. This procedure is carried out about a day before finishing with embossed plaster. It is best if the primer will have antibacterial properties that prevent the development of fungi and mold.
The plaster mixture is applied to the primed surface with a wide soft spatula. Immediately after that, you need to give the layer a relief. It is worth doing this very quickly, as the composition instantly seizes.

You can get the desired pattern on textured plaster using tools such as spatulas, sponges, rollers, trowels or stencils. For example, using a rubber roller, before each application of the texture, moisten it in water. The work is carried out immediately over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe wall (from corner to corner), otherwise noticeable seams cannot be avoided.

Structural plaster

Structural plaster is applied with a stainless steel trowel. The layer should slightly exceed the grain size. The treated surface is kept for 2-3 minutes, and then smoothed in a circle with a plastic trowel.
This method provides a uniform distribution of the granules present in the composition over the treated surface. The excess mass of the mixture is regularly removed from the trowel with a small spatula.
Structural plaster, as well as textured, forms joints when applied, so the work is carried out from corner to corner at a time.

Tip: if there is a need to paint relief plaster, then it is worth doing it 10-14 days after application.

Basic coating care

The decorative coating formed by embossed or smooth plaster is sufficiently durable and resistant to mechanical damage and atmospheric phenomena, therefore, in the first year after application, no special care is required.

This material does not absorb odors and does not attract dust, and also contains water-repellent substances, due to which the surface, if necessary, can be easily washed with conventional detergents without chemical fillers. When cleaning, it is best to use a soft cloth or sponge, avoiding hard brushes, metal scrapers, pumice or plastic.
To increase the service life of the plaster coating, special waxes or glazing compounds are applied over the dried decorative layer. Artificial or beeswax helps to increase the waterproofing of the surface, and when applied to Venetian plaster, it gives extra shine.
The wax composition is supplied ready-made. With it, you can emphasize the smallest details and the depth of the relief applied decorating mixtures, while increasing their resistance to mechanical stress, there is additional protection from dust, dirt and moisture. Protective wax is available in two versions: with a mother-of-pearl effect, which has a silvery-white tint and in a translucent form, with a yellowish tint.

It is necessary to apply such a product in a double layer, using a spatula, sponge or brush, and after drying, polish with a soft cloth. Wax surfaces must not be cleaned with solvents, only soapy water or clean water is allowed.
Glaze is an almost sheer, light coating designed to give additional shade, in addition, it adds volume and emphasizes the contours of the relief. It can have several shades imitating gilded, silver or bronze surfaces, as well as simply white, transparent or iridescent. The agent is applied with a brush, sponge, rubber spatula or a special mitten. Can be washed with detergent or soapy water.

Protective compounds are used for all types of plaster used for wall decoration indoors and outdoors. Thanks to such means, it will last longer, will not crumble or crumble, which means that care for it will be minimal.

How to update the decorative plaster coating

If necessary, remove the decorative coating from the wall, you can use several methods:

repainting in a different color - is made in the case when it is required to change the color scheme;
removal to the concrete base - when it is necessary to apply another version of the plaster;
puttying on top of the layer to the state of a smooth, even wall - such a surface can be finished with a light decorative material, such as wallpaper.

Decorative plaster for walls video

When choosing decorative plaster, it is impossible to say which kind of it is better or worse. It all depends on the personal preference of each and the requirements put forward for the finished result, as well as on the availability of a certain budget, because the price of decorative plaster for walls sometimes differs by an order of magnitude. It is quite easy to apply one mixture, for example, textured and structural, and you can do it yourself, but you will need to involve specialists to apply Venetian plaster. It is necessary to remember this when purchasing a decorative coating.

The only serious competitor for wallpaper in the field of wall decoration is decorative plaster. It should not be confused with ordinary material - it is intended as a wall leveler and the basis for fine work, while the decorative finish has a distinct advantage - it is itself both a leveler and a top coat.

In essence, it is a loose mass, like ordinary plaster. But it contains additional ingredients, such as natural stone chips or even small wood fibers. Thanks to such inclusions, the material is ideal for finishing, as a properly plastered wall takes on a complete look. Regardless of the type and amount of ingredients, they are all held together by a binder that varies in different varieties of the mixture. Often, the decorative composition also contains a coloring matter, so the wall does not have to be additionally painted or wallpapered.

Main advantages

The main advantages of using the material are appreciated not only by consumers, but also by professional designers who are happy to use it to implement their ideas. Here are the main ones:

In a word, this is a real find for any owner of the premises who wants to restore exemplary order there.

Material classification

There are several types of decorative finishes, but most often they are classified according to the type of binder and filler. It is better to communicate about the choice of binder composition directly with specialists or with a consultant in the store. We will consider the type of filler, in this case, the plasters differ more not in properties, but in appearance.

textural

As the name implies, textured plaster is distinguished by the fact that as a result it gives a very noticeable texture. Such material allows you to hide any flaws in the wall, since it is not even itself, while it is inexpensive, which led to its immense popularity. An additional bright plus is the ease of application; specialists are usually not involved in this type of work.

Texture finishing is divided into several varieties:

"Lamb" gives a slightly "woolen" surface of uniform grain, which from the side seems soft. It is best combined with a substrate of mineral origin.
The “fur coat” is somewhat reminiscent of the previous version, but at the same time it is rather fleecy.
The "bark beetle" is characterized by the formation of furrows, which, when the appropriate color is chosen, are strikingly reminiscent of aged wood.

Textured plaster shows its "character" immediately after application, therefore, in order to see what happens in the end, it is not necessary to wait until the process is complete.

Structural

The result of using this type of plaster is characterized by almost unpredictable heterogeneity. If the texture option suggests some kind of predictable pattern of a certain type, then in the case of a structural material, even a specialist will not say what the future finish will look like. Theoretically, the surface can even turn out to be visually even, but there will still be a certain relief.

Venetian

Venetian plaster has become quite widespread, and differs from the options described above in that it gives a perfectly flat surface, unless, of course, the master knows his business. Its application requires significant professional skills and a significant investment of time, but the result is a wall that perfectly imitates a real marble surface.

An essential feature is the translucency of the material, due to which, in bright light, an internal glow effect is created.

Other options

Most often, decorative plasters of the three types described are used, but the range is not limited to them. If desired, you can find several more specific varieties of this material, each of which imitates some desired, but too expensive finish, such as natural wood or silk. This also often includes a color mixture, which is initially produced in a wide palette of colors.

Photo gallery: wall and ceiling decor with plaster (28 photos)

Features of self-plastering

Given the general simplicity of the planned work (unless we are talking about a “Venetian”), consumers often plan to do repairs themselves. In fact, the decision is very commendable, just in the process you need to follow a few simple tips that will help you avoid common mistakes.

Do not rush to grab the first product that comes across, carefully think through all the points and make an informed choice. This is the case when it is necessary to communicate with store consultants. Ideally, you need to see a sample of a wall plastered with this material as large as possible. Be sure to purchase with a small margin so that it does not turn out that the solution is over before the repair.
The set of tools used is highly dependent on which type of plaster is chosen. In the minimum version, even a pair of ordinary spatulas is enough, one of which is narrow, and the second, on the contrary, is wide. For more complex tasks, you will also need a textured roller, as well as a trowel with rounded edges. If it was decided to first plaster and then paint over the decorative layer, stock up on painting tools as well.
If there are no serious defects on the wall, you can not rack your brains over leveling, the plaster itself will hide everything. If the irregularities are very obvious, it is advisable to pre-level them with putty, it will be more expedient from an economic point of view. It is believed that the finer the relief of the plaster and the less decorative inclusions in it, the more carefully the alignment should be done. At the last stage of the preparatory work, the surface is primed for reliable adhesion.
After the primer has dried, you can start plastering. If there is no such experience, all the simplicity of the procedure and training videos will not help to avoid minor mistakes. It doesn't take much practice though, just start with areas that won't be visible, such as those hidden by furniture. If an unnecessary large piece of drywall is at hand, practice on it first.
After the plaster is applied, you can give it additional charm by creating a certain relief yourself. To do this, use the special tools mentioned above. If untinted plaster was used, it can be painted over from above. This is often done to ensure uniformity of color throughout the room, in order to avoid poor mixing of color or color differences due to the large number of batches.

Decorative surface care

The finished surface is water-resistant, so it can be washed without problems, the main thing is not to use caustic chemicals. A gentle detergent in combination with a soft sponge or cloth is quite appropriate, but hard brushes and scrapers are not suitable, they will scratch the surface. You can additionally cover the wall with a thin layer of wax, but this is more likely to protect against moisture than from mechanical stress.

If it is time to completely change the interior, then the easiest way is to repaint the surface. Old plaster can be completely removed, but if you plan on wallpapering or other light finishing, you just need to putty the wall right on top of the old repair.

Remember that all varieties are good in their own way, and choosing one of them is a matter of taste and financial capabilities of each.

It is very important to properly prepare the walls. The final type of coverage will depend on the quality of these works. Decorative plaster is a multilayer coating that is formed on the walls and allows you to get the original texture. The latter may take different forms. It will depend on the size and shape of the filler mixture, as well as the tools that were used for application. At this stage, the method of applying the composition is also important.

Why choose decorative plaster

Decorative plaster today is quite popular in the formation of original interiors, it is very popular. The mixture is distinguished by an abundance of textures and colors, has a low cost, and provides the possibility of simple and quick application. After drying, a surface is obtained that is not subject to mechanical damage.

The described type of finish can be used even when decorating exteriors, you can find it on sale. Among other things, it can be cleaned of dirt during operation. A truly beautiful and more practical material for decoration is quite difficult to find.

Preparation for applying structural and textured plasters

You must definitely prepare the walls for decorative plaster if you plan to use the latter for repairs. Structural and textured mixtures are great for applying to any materials, including:

concrete;
brick;
wood;
metal.

Plaster allows you to create a surface that has the ability to breathe. The surface after drying is not afraid of moisture, and the service life is measured in decades. The walls before applying these compositions are allowed to be prepared not very carefully. There is no need to align them to the ideal state, because the material during the application process will be able to hide small gaps, swelling and other minor flaws.

Step-by-step preparation of walls for decorative plaster involves cleaning the surface of the old finish. Oil stains are removed with a solvent, then the wall should be washed with soapy water. Deep cracks, if any, should be sealed with cement mortar. Walls must be treated with an antifungal agent. However, if the room is operated at a low level of humidity, then this is not necessary.

Work methodology

The next step is to apply a primer. Preparation of walls for decorative plaster involves surface treatment with putty. However, these works should be carried out only after the primer has completely dried. Putty will level the surface. It acts as a basis for applying a decorative composition. If the walls are processed with a thick relief layer, then putty may not be used.

After 24 hours, the walls should be treated with an acrylic-based primer. This composition is necessary to improve the quality of adhesion. After the walls are polished using fine-grained sandpaper. On this we can assume that the preliminary work is completed. The preparation should not cause real difficulties.

Removing the old layer of plaster

Preparing walls for decorative plaster with your own hands necessarily involves removing the old plaster layer. It will also be necessary to clean the wall of whitewash, wallpaper and old layers of paint. The surface is well cleaned until you reach the base. Walls need to be well vacuumed, which is especially true for cracks. They should be washed using any cleaning solution. This is required for several reasons. Indeed, otherwise the hitch with an untreated surface will be very unreliable. If that the plaster layer will not keep. In addition, this will reveal defects that were previously hidden under the finishing material.

It is important to highlight another factor that favors the need to clean the wall from old coatings. It consists in carrying out additional processing, the features of which will depend on the base material. If you have to work with walls in a newly built house, then this item should be skipped.

Features of preparation before applying Venetian plaster

Preparation of walls for decorative plaster can be carried out using different technologies, which will depend on the final composition. If we are talking about Venetian plaster, then the preliminary work needs to be given more time and effort. This is due to the fact that the decorative material has some features.

Walls should be carefully and efficiently cleaned of dirt. Old whitewash and house paint are removed. The cleaned walls are then carefully sanded. Alignment is carried out with a putty composition. This stage must be approached with great responsibility. If the walls are not even, then the attractiveness of Venetian plaster will be invisible, because it has several transparent layers, the number of which can reach three.

Preparation of walls for decorative plaster provides for the need for grinding. These works must be carried out manually. The use of a grinder should be abandoned, because even the smallest sags and irregularities need to be processed. A primer is applied to the aligned walls, a deep penetration solution should be selected.

It is necessary to bring the walls to an ideal state. All cracks and gaps must be sealed on them. Sometimes these works have to be repeated several times, so by and large the manipulations during this type of work are quite laborious. However, without them, it makes no sense to apply Venetian plaster; in this case, it will not be able to provide a stunning effect.

Preparation for decorative wall plastering, the technology of which is described in the article, involves the application of primer. It must be chosen correctly. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the structure of the coating. On the shelves of stores you can find a primer mixture in a wide range. In order to make the right choice, you need to familiarize yourself with which primer is best for certain surfaces.

For example, alkyd compounds work well on wood that has not been pre-prepared. In this case, it is possible to achieve alignment of the structure and create a flat surface for applying plaster. The advantages of this mixture include fairly quick drying. You can also use a polystyrene primer, its application is permissible even on plastered surfaces. However, these products contain substances that can harm health.

Before you prepare the walls for decorative plaster, the norms must be considered. After reviewing them, you can understand that a special purpose primer is excellent for metal surfaces. Usually this is a composition with zinc additives. It is possible to use an alkyd primer mixture with the addition of zinc, this composition provides anti-corrosion protection. It is better not to apply glyptal mixtures on metal surfaces, as they are characterized by a long drying period.

Secrets of the masters

If you will be preparing the walls for decorative plaster, then you need to follow a few rules. No need to purchase putty mixtures on alabaster and oil-adhesive bases. Any other formulations may be preferred. The thickness of the primer layer must be 2 mm or more.

Putty is recommended to be applied on a sickle, which is a self-adhesive mesh. Distribute it on the wall. Surface treatment should be carried out with a spatula of large width. Preparation of walls for decorative plaster is carried out using a primer. It is recommended to purchase acrylic mixtures.

Conclusion

Quite often, home craftsmen today carry out self-preparation of walls for decorative plaster. The consumption of a given composition will depend on the type of mixture. If we are talking about Venetian plaster, then its consumption varies from 70 to 200 g per square meter. Bark beetle for each square meter will be consumed approximately 3 kg. Everything will depend on the base material and layer thickness.

Due to the fact that plaster is quite expensive, in order to reduce its consumption, it is better to level the surfaces as carefully as possible. This is the preparation of the walls for decorative plaster. Features of these works may include the application of cement-sand plaster or the installation of a foam insulation layer. The second option is very practical, if the house is finished in this way, it will be warm and beautiful.