Design project of the hall from the Venetian. Do-it-yourself royal interior: Venetian plaster, photo and video applications. Living room finished with Venetian plaster

You can make a stylish, unusual design or simply diversify the interior not only with the help of unique items, but also simply by finishing the surfaces with non-standard materials.

One of them is Venetian decorative plaster. With its help, it is possible to realize interesting ideas, to create an individual image of an ordinary room.

Application of Venetian decorative plaster

The ability of decorative plaster to visually repeat the structure of marble makes it possible to significantly save on finishing materials while getting a rich look.

With the help of Venetian plaster, you can not only complete the wall decoration, but also create separate accents on various surfaces.

The decoration will turn out to be truly luxurious. Deep transitions of colors are able to reveal the special aristocracy of the room.

The technology of applying the material has a number of features, so the work should be unhurried and thorough. It is better to entrust this manipulation to a professional, since the presence of skill will allow you to get the desired result without mistakes and unnecessary expenses.

The appearance of the final result depends on the number of layers laid on the wall. For the minimum acceptable visual effect, 3 applications are sufficient.

The best designs made using this technique have up to 8 layers. Their number will affect not only the visual perception, but also entail additional expenses, both material, labor and time.

With the help of Venetian decorative plaster, you can not only achieve an imitation of natural material, but also apply an interesting pattern to the surface, add volume to the room, and achieve a shimmering effect. The surfaces decorated with this material look very neat and presentable.

Such plaster is a favorite way of decorating chic interiors of country houses.

The presence of surfaces made in this technique makes the room a real palace. Even decorating a small fragment of the wall with this material, it will turn out to give the room a respectable look and raise the status of the interior.

Advantages and disadvantages of the material

Like any other material, Venetian decorative plaster has a number of features that make it possible to highlight its positive and negative sides. Among the advantages indicate:

a unique visual effect that is achieved due to the material itself and various technologies for its application;
absence of harmful emissions, hazardous effects on health, environmental friendliness;

the surface treated with the material is not afraid of moisture, temperature changes, and is resistant to cracks and deformations;
if there is a need for full or partial repairs, this is easily accomplished.

The disadvantages of Venetian decorative plaster include:

the relatively high cost of material and work on its installation;
large expenditures of time and physical strength;
the need for thorough surface preparation before application.

Choosing such plaster as a material for wall decoration, it is necessary to focus not only on the beauty of the appearance of the final coating, but also on the intended interior.

To obtain the optimal effect, a combination of the general style of the room, furnishings and the texture of the decorative design is necessary.

Decorative plastering

Self-production of Venetian plaster is a complicated process and few people decide to make it on their own. The centerpiece of the composition is stone dust.

Lime is used to bind the components. The dye will give the material the desired color. Water will help to achieve the desired consistency. It is best to purchase a ready-made prepackaged product.

There are two options for such plaster:

matte;
glossy.

The first is a pure product, applied according to a certain technology in several layers. The second option involves waxing, finishing styling.

Venetian plaster can be applied to almost any surface:

concrete;
wood;
drywall.

The material fits perfectly and retains its performance characteristics. The main thing is that the original surface is prepared in advance.

The absence of various defects, moisture is a prerequisite. A quartz primer with the addition of a basic dye will be the best base.

Each layer of plaster is applied according to its own technology. The work must be fast and skillful. After fixing each layer, it needs to dry out, after which they are sanded.

The work is carried out using special tools (spatula, roller, trowel). It is quite difficult to carry out the application on your own, but specialists cope quickly and efficiently.

It is not at all difficult to create a unique atmosphere in your home. It is enough to make a special finish or create an accent with the help of Venetian decorative plaster. The interior will become unusual and stylish.

Photo of Venetian plaster in the interior

According to the components included in the composition, Venetian plaster is divided into 2 types:

1. Classical. The recipe for this mixture was invented 15 centuries ago and has not changed much since then. It still consists of magnesium-enriched lime with a 3-year quench time.

In the process of carbonization, the material acquires very high hardness values, and is not inferior in strength to natural marble. The Venetian coating becomes optimally strong within a month.

The advantages of classic plaster include:

environmental safety and absolute harmlessness to humans and animals;
the impossibility of infection with a fungus. Due to its asepticity, it can be used to process premises through which many people pass: health care institutions, kindergartens, schools;
optical transparency, with the help of which you can create a unique, identical to natural marble pattern.

2. Acrylic. Its formulation includes water-based latex, which, in combination with protective wax, increases the water resistance of the coating tenfold.

Taking into account the peculiarities of this type of Venetian plaster, it is recommended to use it for interior decoration of the most humid rooms.

Unlike classical acrylic Venetian decorative plaster, it is not possible to achieve a marble pattern with the same ease. And the creation of a really realistic-looking coating with its help requires a certain experience.

Advantages of acrylic plaster

due to its high elasticity, the finishing material can be used on walls prone to cracking - in new houses and in new buildings;
the plasticity of the material makes it easy to work with, due to which the finishing time is reduced, and the cost becomes cheaper;
the coating is easy to repair and restore - you just need to remove the wax layer with improvised means (hot steam and a spatula) and start renovating.

Both acrylic and classic Venetian plaster in the interior will serve for at least 15 years. They have excellent sound insulation characteristics. And the desired shade can be selected from several thousand options.

For what premises is it suitable

In numerous photos, Venetian plaster can be seen in various types of premises. One gets the feeling that it can be applied anywhere. And it's true: the strength and durability of granite, combined with ease of use, environmental friendliness and hygiene, make it a versatile material that is suitable for interior decoration:

with high traffic (corridors, halls, lobbies, hallways, living rooms, halls);
with a moderate load on the walls (bedrooms, nurseries);
with high humidity (bathrooms and shower rooms).

But, if classic Venetian plaster is suitable for the first two options, then in the latter case it is necessary to use a plaster based on acrylic coated with two-component polyurethane varnish. More suitable material for the design of "wet" areas can not be found.

What to choose? Calacatta, Emperador or White Marble?

The magic of gold and the coquettishness of mother-of-pearl: did you know that Venetian plaster in the interior can be made to sparkle with silver mother-of-pearl or shine like gold of the highest standard? The application technique is quite simple: a metallic or mother-of-pearl pigment must be added to the composition of the Venetian and to the protective wax.

The next effect is known as "craquelure". It involves cracking the marble finish for artificial aging and is able to create an aura of noble vintage. For a casual viewer, a room with cracked walls will give the impression that he is in a medieval castle: a neat craquelure on the walls will create openwork ornaments worthy of the brush of a Renaissance artist. The already luxurious interior will sparkle with new colors thanks to the golden hands of the master and a special cracking composition.

Polished marble imitation. To create a chic finish that completely repeats the marble pattern, it is better to use Venetian lime plaster in the interior. Its translucent texture exposes the inner layers, revealing the fantastic patterns of natural stone.

forged Venetian plaster. Its translucent texture exposes the inner layers, revealing the fantastic patterns of natural stone.

Moroccan plasters. They demonstrate amazing optical illusions and make it possible to see the most distant layers of the coating due to the "curled" upper ones. Unlike traditional Venetian plasters, they create the effect of mini-craters up to 0.2 mm deep, but the surface of the coating remains smooth.

Marmorino. On the walls, Venetian plasters of this type "lie" with a solid marble canvas. It is perfectly smooth to the touch, matte in appearance or with a slight glossy sheen. In Italy, marmorino is also used for facade work, and in Russia it is widely used for interior design. In order for the coating pattern to please the eye of a sophisticated esthete, in addition to lime and marble powder, a calibrated marble crumb 0.5-1 mm in size is included in the Venetian decorative plaster (photo below). The color range of natural stone particles is uniform, usually, these are 3 close shades: white, beige and gray.

The Venetian encausto plaster is designed to add a spice to an already exquisite finish. Marble particles fold into the most delicate speck, which gives it grace and additional charm. To make amazing ripples in the deep layers, a fine-grained base is applied to the walls before coating with Venetian plaster.

For true connoisseurs of beauty, an artistic way of wall decoration is suitable. It is used to completely copy the marble pattern and implies a detailed drawing of the stone pattern, down to the finest veins.

3 steps to perfect wall coverings

The Venetian plaster, the photo of which you see on our website, was laid by a professional, so it looks “expensive”. But, even if you do the finishing yourself, you can achieve excellent results: a wide range of easy-to-use mixtures will allow even a beginner to cope with a creative task.

The material is picky about the surface. If it is applied to an unprepared wall with irregularities and other defects, then the quality of the finishing layer will be low.

The first step should be a thorough preparation of the base: the protrusions are grinded, chips with cracks are masked and sanded. After completing work with defects, the surface of the wall is putty, and when the layer dries, it is primed.

The preparatory work will take time, because the manipulations described above will not be enough: after the primer has dried, the walls need to be re-putty, sanded and primed.

The second step is to apply Venetian plaster of the desired color to the wall. This is the first, base layer. It is mixed with the color scheme of the desired shade and applied to the wall in a solid pattern.

All subsequent layers, and there should be no more than 6 of them, should be applied thinly, with torn movements and immediately rubbed, and then compacted. A trowel is used to grind each of the dried layers.

Compliance with simple technology will give an amazing result: with each layer, the pattern on the wall will more and more resemble marble. The fact is that all previously applied translucent layers have different tones, and when compacted, the lime changes its shade. Multiple layering makes the drawing more realistic and versatile. And careful compaction of the final layer helps to level the surface to a mirror-like smoothness.

The third and final step is waxing. After 3 weeks, the Venetian plaster is carbonized, hardened and completely ready for waxing.

A coating in a bathroom is unthinkable without a waxing procedure, during which the walls will acquire a mirror shine and will be protected from the damaging effects of moisture and water.

How to care so as not to spoil

Venetian wax plaster is cleaned with a cloth slightly dampened with water. To remove serious dirt, it is better to use gentle detergents without abrasives, alcohol or ammonia.

The main rule for caring for an untreated wax coating is that it cannot be washed, because it will lose color, and streaks and stains will appear on the surface. For care, use only a dry, soft cloth.

To restore the rich color of Venetian plaster, polish it with cotton or wool fleece and the coating will become shiny again. This is most quickly done with a drill or polishing machine with a special attachment.

Today, the abundance of building materials on the market allows you to embody the most daring design ideas. For a more sophisticated interior, try decorative Venetian plaster. The elegant design of surfaces imitating natural stone will become a real highlight of your home.

The history of the invention of Venetian plaster

Venetian plaster is a thick paste for a beautiful finish on a variety of surfaces. Even in ancient Rome, builders added quarry waste to the finishing mixture, and the walls processed by it later resembled marble.

This technology gained the greatest popularity at the turn of the 17th-18th centuries in Venice (hence the name). At that time, the mixture was made from natural primer, putty, oils, wax, and marble powder. Instead of expensive marble slabs, walls, ceilings and columns in the palaces were finished with original plaster.

True, the cost of Venetian plaster was also significant, and not everyone could afford this decor. But due to its characteristics and aesthetic beauty, the new product quickly became in demand.

Production form

Currently, Venetian plaster is produced in the form of a ready-made dry mix, which includes marble or other stone chips, binders and dyes.

With the desire and time, you can make the product yourself, although this is a rather laborious process.

Material advantages

From the numerous photos of Venetian plaster on the Internet, it is easy to see what a stunning visual effect it creates in the interior.

This finish also has a lot of useful properties, among which are:

Durability and resistance to mechanical stress.
Resistance to any temperature extremes, high fire resistance.
Long service life (about twenty years). At the same time, thanks to the protective wax coating, the colors of the pattern will remain unchanged.
Versatility - Venetian plaster finishing is widely used for interior surfaces not only in residential, but also in commercial and office premises.
Waterproof - this coating can be used even in bathrooms or saunas.
Ease of maintenance - Venetian plaster easily tolerates wet and dry cleaning.
The use of environmentally friendly components (Venetian plaster does not contain any toxic substances that can be harmful to health).
A variety of materials, color palettes and application techniques, which allows you to create truly exclusive design elements.

Using this finish, you can easily simulate both rare rocks and wood and even silk surfaces.

Disadvantages of using Venetian plaster

It is necessary to say about the disadvantages of unusual material, these include:

Despite its strength and stability, this material cannot be used for outdoor surfaces. Under the influence of environmental factors, the finish will quickly begin to deteriorate.

Before applying Venetian plaster, it is necessary to prepare the surface very carefully - if it is not perfectly flat and smooth, all imperfections will be clearly visible.

Expensive material and difficult working methods. It is necessary to apply plaster in several layers, and sometimes professional skills are required to create a particular effect, this significantly increases the amount of costs and the complexity of finishing.

However, everything is known in comparison - it will not be so expensive and difficult to use the same Venetian marbled plaster in your decor than natural stone.

Venetian plaster for interior wall decoration can be a wonderful decoration for any interior. Walls or surface areas with this finish look great, especially in classic interiors. You don't even need a lot of money for this, after all. The main thing is to properly prepare the base, use the right tools and follow the technology exactly.

Composition and history of appearance

How did Venetian decorative plaster come about?

The beginning of the application of the coating with mixtures based on natural binders is lost in millennia. Theophrastus, who lived in the II-IV centuries. BC. describes the mineral gypsum, remarkable for its stickiness and warmth when mixed. It was crushed and moistened, and then stones were connected with it. The word gypsum was used for gypsum and lime. In the 1st century BC. Vitruvius describes the production of a six-layer finishing coating that strengthens the wall - a marble-like plaster, which is as strong as natural material. The ancient technique was different from the techniques of creating stucco (stucco is the highest grade of plaster) Venetian of our time.

In archaic Greece VII-VI centuries. BC. marble stucco or stuk / stuk was used to decorate temple walls. The decoration imitated white marble and consisted of gypsum, powdered marble and lime. The Greeks spread this technique during the Hellenistic era. Stucco with a shiny glossy surface in white appeared among the Etruscans on the Italic Peninsula before the formation of the Roman Empire. The Venetians of ancient Rome had a thickness of 1.6 mm inside buildings, and up to 76 mm outside. Their main advantage was specularity, high strength, and resistance to weather changes. Often their surface was decorated with fresco painting. Later, the Venetians, who were the trendsetters of their time, took over the baton.

Since then, the composition of the Venetian has changed little, the components of the solution are:

marble dust,
fine-grained stone chips,
lime dough,
water.

In addition to classical components, natural or artificial dyes may be included in the composition, marble chips can be replaced with chips of other rocks, the solution may be mixed with a latex emulsion. There is also one composed exclusively of calibrated marble.

😀 Rumor has it that such coatings were invented by “armless” plasterers to hide the flaws of their work.

The Venetian plaster decorating the wall looks always luxurious, a little magical. Therefore, from century to century, it decorates the housing of wealthy individuals. Venetian plaster in the interior is always the uniqueness of the design of any room, because it is inimitable. Various untie the hands of designers. Today it can be seen in the apartments of people of very different incomes, because the composition can be prepared with your own hands, and knowing what it consists of, how to apply it correctly, and after practicing, you can make this coating yourself, ennobling the wall.

Advantages and disadvantages

Let's take a look at the main pros and cons. The primary advantages are high strength, longevity and beauty.

In addition to them, the decorative Venetian has the following advantages:

unique decorativeness: the surface is given the appearance of natural polished marble or other semi-precious stones, valuable mahogany, metals, silk (this material imitates best of all),
environmental friendliness,
the ability to apply on various bases (the main thing is that they are aligned),
easy to restore,
resistance to various influences (temperature change, high humidity, withstands the stucco allow it to be used for the facade),
crack resistance,
fire safety,
fast drying,
provides a healthy microclimate (walls under the coating breathe),
if desired, you can easily repaint it in a different color.

The multi-layer and structure of the coating, when light is incident at an angle, create a fascinating effect of internal glow, natural gems. Glossy Venetian marbled plaster does not tire the eyes, but serves as a rest for them.

The disadvantages are:

high cost of work and finished compositions,
labor intensity (physical strength is required for careful, painstaking work),
the need to master the application technique,
highlights irregularities and other defects in the base.

Preparing the plane of the walls

Finishing does not require haste, but meticulousness - careful work with each layer, and especially careful.

The foundation must be:

impeccably aligned - align with the beacons and do not forget about the putty,
reinforced with a reinforcing mesh if necessary (if the base is weak),
fat-free - you can use a soapy solution for this,
rid of stains,
primed (often acrylic primer is used for work),
processed with sandpaper with subsequent removal of the resulting dust - remove the dust with a clean broom or vacuum cleaner,
dried (at least 6 hours).

When installing the mesh, remember to apply the adhesive before and after installing the mesh, not just on top of it.

The wall should be primed twice before finishing, to ensure good adhesion of the finish to the wall.

The tool and its features

Metal tools - trowels and spatulas, should be made of stainless steel and with rounded edges, and the working surfaces should be polished. To do this, the corners on new spatulas are cut off with scissors for metal, the edges are processed with a file and fine sandpaper or get special. tool.

The trowel and spatula for work (in any of the techniques) should not have any chipping. The spatula must be sharply sharpened. During work, the surface of the trowel / trowel is regularly cleaned with a damp cloth so that, when dry, the remnants of the mixture do not interfere with the high-quality application of the solution to the wall.

Buy quality tools from reputable manufacturers. Thus, you will save yourself from a lot of trouble.

The right tool for working in Veneziano technique:

narrow (60 mm), wide (200 mm) spatulas,
2 Venetian trowels,
construction mixer,
containers,
roller,
masking tape,
skins No. 220, No. 120,
ruler,
brushes flutes, maklovitsa,
clean rags,
sponge,
a thin brush to apply cracks.

Application technology secrets

Do-it-yourself application of Venetian plaster is a work of art and creativity at the same time. Each stage of work is special, as the technique of applying Venetian plaster dictates to us. There are several different ways: with the achievement of the effect of marble, cork, textured surface, classic Venetian, and others. In most techniques, all, except for the basic, layers, in their own way, are finishing. Next, how to apply Venetian plaster correctly.

Very detailed and understandable video on marble imitation

Coloring the mixture

The mixes themselves for the Venetian are white. Therefore, to obtain the desired tone or shade, the desired color (natural or synthetic) is added to them before applying to the wall. It should be borne in mind that the solution, when it dries, brightens: without wax, two tones, - one tone. It is best to purchase a color scheme of the desired color and a ready-made mixture from one manufacturer before work.

In order not to be mistaken with the color scheme, professionals use fans of colors, choosing the right shade in daylight at the place of future work.

The colors for this type of finish can be very diverse. It depends on the design. Most often, natural stones are imitated. In this case, the primary colors are gray, brown, yellow or emerald. Wood or silk paint has its own palette. It must be remembered that natural colors are always muted. Therefore, to bring the color of the mixture closer to natural, the brightness of the color is muted by adding a drop of black color. Color checking is done by applying a smear of paste onto a sheet of white paper.

Base coat application

The base layer for all Venetian techniques is applied in the same way. The mixture is applied to the edge of the trowel with a spatula. The trowel is pressed against the wall at a slight angle (the edge of the trowel is raised to the thickness of a finger). The mixture is transferred to the wall with arched movements of a trowel with thin strokes, with overlapping adjacent strokes by 5-10 mm.

The uniform rule for all layers: the mixture is applied in the direction from dry to wet. Thus, no traces of the initial contact of the trowel with the wall are left on the surface.

When applying a coating with a natural marble effect, it is better to treat the walls diagonally, starting from one upper corner of the wall, ending with the opposite lower corner. Work platforms are obtained in the form of wide diagonal stripes with winding edges. If you make some thickenings at the junction at the edges of the grips, after the finish, they create the desired effect of inclined folding of natural marble.

They work by filling sections of the walls with an area of about 1 m2 with a solution. In the corners, the direction of movement of the trowel from their top to the center. At the basic stage, a future drawing is formed with a solution. Therefore, the smears of the composition are applied more or less randomly. You can use the "put and take off" technique, when the mixture is applied with the first movement, with the second (in the transverse direction) - its excess is removed.

The plastered wall is dried for about 6-8 hours (or left overnight).

Subsequent layers

The technique used to apply them may vary depending on the desired finishing effect of the finish.

Classic Venetian plaster is made in three layers using a mixture of the same color (different shades are possible). The finishing effect is created due to the layer-by-layer translucence of the texture. The shorter, more chaotic the strokes with a spatula, the richer the finishing pattern.

Similarly, a coating is made from mixtures with different colors. Moreover, colors can be applied one for each layer, or two or three in each.

A different technique for applying Venetian plaster is used for craquelure. The peculiarity of the base layer is that it becomes thicker (up to 2 mm). Where cracks are foreseen, it is dried with a hair dryer. The depth and width of the cracks depend on the temperature, coating thickness and drying time. The second coating is applied with a mixture of a different color (required to fill the cracks), the third - as in the classical technology.

Venetian wood plaster combines two techniques: craquelure and color mixing. Ordinary boards are imitated by another.

Cork finishing step by step:

solutions of several colors are placed on the surface of the trowel with a small spatula,
lightly mix them with a spatula right there on the trowel,
transferred in a thick layer from the trowel to the wall, creating a spotted pattern,
dry immediately with a hair dryer until cracks form,
in a day, the resulting texture is covered with a second layer of Venetian of the color required for contrast, mother-of-pearl "metallic" or other water-dispersed compositions,
processed with a grinder, changing the circles to more and more fine-grained.

Finishing layer and rendering of marble veins

Imitation of marble or Venetian under malachite is performed in the following way. Using a small spatula on the edge of the trowel, place small portions of solution of different colors next to each other. When transferred to the wall with smooth, winding long strokes, beautiful stains are obtained, similar to the overflow of the color of natural marble or malachite. The decorative plaster of young marble with veins is also obtained. A drop of black is placed on a trowel between two masses of solution of different colors close to natural. The trowel is moved slowly along the surface of the wall, with a slight sway.

Crack pattern is applied with a thin brush in black water-soluble color. Lines are drawn at random in the desired directions. While the paint has not yet dried, with a small piece of clean, damp sponge, the crack line is gently shaded from one of its sides, leaving a narrow black strip in places. If you don't like the line, you can fix it by “removing” it with a damp, clean sponge.

Polishing and ironing

Each layer (except the first) is ironed with a spatula, this gives it a mirror shine. Having processed about 1-1.5 m2 of the wall surface, they return back and, with a trowel or spatula, practically flat, pressing with force, they carry it along the wall several times. With each movement of the instrument, a glassy shine appears and intensifies on the surface of the wall. The trowel / spatula should be wiped off with a damp cloth. Masters advise to iron each layer. The marbled Venetian only benefits from this.

The finishing layer is polished with horizontal and vertical strokes. The upper layer is polished with a suede cloth in a circular motion and resembles a rub.

Advice for beginners! Before embodying your desires on the walls of the room, practice on pieces of drywall, fiberboard or plywood.

Waxing

To protect the surface of the coating, it is coated with wax. The wax protects the coating surface from moisture and dust penetration. Venetian waxing is done with a spatula or sponge. Cover the wall evenly, without the formation of thickening of the wax layer, so that the color of the surface does not fade. After application, the surface of the wall is rubbed to a shine.

Can this finish be washable? Can. It is wiped with a damp cloth. In case of severe dirt, the walls are washed with mild soap solutions. Do not use solvents or abrasives.

Consumption and restoration

The manufacturer enters into the catalog or reports on the packaging the consumption per 1 m2. You can use a calculator to calculate the required amount of the composition. The consumption of Venetian plaster depends on the type of application technology used, the level of skill, the composition of the solution.

Consumption per m2 in layers looks like this:

1st - 500-600g / m2 (maximum amount),

2nd - 220-250 g / m2,

3rd - 80-100 g / m2 (minimum amount).

Stucco veneziano refers to repairable coatings. At the same time, the entire wall does not need to be redone, and minor defects or minor damage can be repaired. In case of chips, scratches, dirt on a large area, detachments, the Venetian plaster is repaired. In this case, it is not necessary to remove the entire coating, it is enough to restore the suitability of the desired area.

Restoration of marble finishes step by step:

With the cracks, tap the area to determine if there is peeling of the coating from the base. Anything that separates from the wall is removed.
The vacated place is cleaned with a brush from the remnants of the previous finishing composition, from dust.
The base is primed with a brush with the desired primer or a composition of PVA and water 1: 5.
Plaster mortar or plaster putty (if the base is made of plasterboard) is applied to the base of the repaired area. The surface of the putty / mortar is rubbed to the desired smoothness.
A decorative solution of the same brand is selected or an acrylic white composition is taken. The color scheme is selected and the composition is painted in the color of the wall finish.
A solution is applied with a soft spatula (with a large area of the repair site, they try to repeat the pattern of strokes).
Remove excess solution on undamaged surfaces with a damp cloth.
After drying, wax is applied or glazed. Polished to a high shine.

Venetian from putty - perhaps?

Ready mixes are expensive. To reduce the cost of work, craftsmen invented a Venetian from ordinary putty. The main thing for an analogue is the presence of a smooth texture and the desired consistency. How to make your own Venetian plaster? The recipe is simple - mix the usual plaster putty with acrylic varnish. To make a Venetiano stucco from a putty, do it yourself:

acrylic varnish for interior work with a water base,
gypsum or polymer dry mix with microcalcite or marble flour as filler (you can putty with white cement),
color.

Lacquer is poured into a clean container and water is added - 10-15% of its volume. After stirring, add 2.5 kg of dry putty. Everything is mixed with a mixer, tinted, mixed again. The Venetian plaster from the putty is painted with colors for water-dispersed paints. Ultimately, the Venetian putty can be no worse than store-bought putty, it can be used not only in the apartment, but also for outdoor work. You can slow down the hardening time by adding a plasticizer - diluted PVA glue in an amount of 1% of the volume of the mixture.

Nevertheless, the purchased mixture will look much better, because it will not be possible to completely repeat the technology of the plant at home.

You can do without putty. For example, a simple composition of a Venetian in the proportions: 1 hour of white cement, 1.5 hours of lime, 2 hours of marble flour, 10 hours of marble sand.

Stucco Veneziano, which began as an imitation of natural marble, became the object of imitation itself. Wallpaper is produced on a different basis, imitating the favorite finish. Wallpaper painted with a Venetian is cheaper, has its pros and cons. Wallpapering, and the technique of such a decor is simpler and easier. However, they cannot fully replace the Venetian, and therefore she will again and again appear in the leaders of interior tops.

The Venetian plaster is developing and enriched, the application technology of which, with the advent of new finishing compositions, acquires more and more new ways of development. Compositions of finishes, new techniques are invented. A new finishing material has appeared on the market - the super glossy decorative Pietra Lucida. By the manufacturers themselves, this killer of the classic Italian technique of imitating marble does not belong to Venetians, but to polishing masses. The work is more drawing, the imitation technique is also simple. Using the color scheme of natural tones, a mirror-smooth texture is obtained, similar to polished natural stone.

The decoration of the walls with Venetian plaster allows you to create an exquisite interior. If you follow the installation rules, you can get an elegant respectable coating that imitates a particular surface.

What it is?

Venetian plaster is a decorative mixture for finishing interior surfaces. It contains marble, quartz, granite or other stone chips of a natural component, as well as an acrylic or latex binder. In addition, there is a filler, which is used as lime, gypsum or marble (sometimes granite) flour.

The result is a translucent paste with a thick consistency. To obtain the desired shade, it is tinted.

To obtain a more effective surface imitating marble, 2-3 shades of plaster are used, applied on top of each other. A larger number of layers allows you to achieve color depth, expressive texture.

When light hits it, the surface plays and glares like a real stone.

The material begins its history in the era of antiquity - in Venice. The flowering of material and technology falls on the year 1700. The proprietary secrets of the composition of the material and the peculiarities of its application were kept in a terrible secret and were passed on by the masters from generation to generation. The composition of the plaster at that time included lime putties, primers on a natural basis, waxes, oils, marble powder. Not surprisingly, pasta was expensive and only available to wealthy Venetians.

Today, Venetian plaster is available in the form of a ready-made composition or dry mix.... Of course, there are specialists who prefer to make the product with their own hands. However, this is a very laborious, technologically difficult process that requires high professionalism.

The material is popular because, in addition to the stunning visual effect, it has the following advantages:

High strength and resistance to mechanical damage, which is due to the formation of a carbon film on the surface of the plaster after it dries. Due to its strength, the material does not wear out during operation, does not crack under mechanical stress.
Wide temperature range of use: from -50 to + 80 ° С, resistance to temperature extremes.
Versatility - suitable for interior decoration of residential, office and retail premises. When applying an additional layer of enamel, the coating can be used even in rooms with high humidity.

Waterproof. Thanks to this, wet cleaning of surfaces is possible.
Environmental friendliness of the material, since it contains no toxic components and substances that cause allergies.
Long service life (15-20 years) and preservation of decorative appearance during the entire period of operation.
Ease of maintenance. The material easily tolerates both dry and wet cleaning.
High fire resistance.

Thanks to the variety of materials, shades and application techniques, you can create an exclusive interior. With the help of such a finish, it is possible to imitate the rarest and most expensive rocks. At the same time, plastering is easier and cheaper than using natural stone.

Compositions that provide imitation of wooden, velvet and silk surfaces are no less popular.

Despite its resistance to low temperatures and moisture, the coating is not intended for outdoor use. Under the influence of environmental factors, the plaster cracks, losing its operational and decorative properties.

The disadvantage of the material lies in the high requirements for the quality of the working base - it must be smooth, even and clean. Although the material is applied in several layers, the coating is very thin. Any imperfections - irregularities, cracks, potholes - will be noticeable.

Calling the shortcomings of the material, some users talk about the high cost of the product. Moreover you need to apply it in 3-10 layers, which also contributes to higher costs. Applying the composition is a simple process, but it is much more difficult to get one or another effect. Some types of patterns and designs require the skills and knowledge of a professional.

Views

There are 3 main types of Venetian plaster:

Smooth... To obtain such a surface, lime plaster is used, which can only be light in color. It will not work to work with such material without professional skills.
Embossed... The mixture contains marble granules, due to which grooves and dents are obtained that form a relief.
Artistic... It involves the process of creating a full-fledged drawing, but not with paints, but with plaster.

Depending on the composition and application features, the following types of Venetian plaster are distinguished:

Classic... The components included in this type are marble chips, an astringent component, as well as additives that ensure the strength of the composition. This type assumes traditional multi-layer application.
Marble plaster... The composition is similar to the previous product. The originality of the texture is ensured by applying it in a specific technique, the finished surface imitates the structure of a natural stone.
Textured... Thanks to the use of a special technique of applying the material, it is possible to obtain an imitation of natural stone, wood, leather or fabric.
Mother-of-pearl... The composition of this type of plaster is characterized by the presence of reflective particles, due to which interesting optical effects are created.
Plaster with marble chips different factions. It is usually used to highlight certain areas of the interior, allows you to place accents, draw attention to details.

If we talk about the features of the composition, then the following options for Venetian plaster are distinguished:

Polymer... Provides protection of surfaces from cracking, because, when dry, it forms a thin flexible film. It is characterized by improved adhesion to the substrate. Such plaster fits well on drywall, primed metal, MDF, concrete. The surface is characterized by resistance to temperature extremes. As a basis for it, gypsum plaster is usually recommended.
Limestone... It is somewhat inferior in terms of moisture resistance to a polymer analogue, but it has better vapor permeability. Lime-based plaster is resistant to mold, mildew and frost.

If the composition is made on the basis of lime and cement, it is called mineral, and when quartz chips are present in the composition, then it is silicate plaster. The latter is more expensive, but more durable than mineral, does not crack and has the ability to repel dirt.

Acrylic or silicone acts as a binder. Acrylic compositions are more affordable, suitable for self-application... Silicone analogs are more resistant to dirt, temperature fluctuations, direct sunlight, but they are more expensive and require professional application.

Today, Venetian plaster is a dry mix based on filler, binders and additional components, primarily pigment. Depending on the recipe and the ratio of these components, the properties of the plaster and the type of finished work change.

Colors and designs

Using the same composition, you can get dozens of different textures. Among them is a classic surface, that is, absolutely flat, flawlessly smooth. A much larger number of techniques include relief plaster.

The most popular embossing techniques are:

Carrara... The technique is the application of numerous (up to 12) layers of plaster, with each layer differing from the previous one by half a tone. The result is an imitation of expensive Carrara marble, playing in the sun in various shades. Due to the large number of layers, as well as the need to apply expensive plaster with real Carrara chips, this method is one of the most expensive.

Craquelure... The surface processed in a similar technique is artificially aged, covered with a network of cracks. To obtain a similar effect, a special craquelure varnish is used. It is applied over the final layer of plaster and, when dry, attracts the plaster layer to itself, tearing it apart. This creates a bizarre pattern of cracks.

It is worth noting that the creation of such a texture also requires significant financial investments. The most expensive will be the purchase of varnish.

By the way, experts have found a way to reduce the cost of this method. Instead of applying craquelure varnish, the plastered layer is forcibly dried, for example, with an infrared emitter. As a result, cracks form on the surface, then it is tinted in a darker color and finally covered with a colorless varnish. The treated part of the wall is covered with wax.

It should be noted that the aged surface looks noble, and the presence of cracks does not in any way affect the performance of the material.

Marseilles wax... Allows you to emphasize the depth of the texture, and also increases the moisture resistance of the coating. Marseilles wax is added to the usual composition of Venetian plaster, after which it is applied in the desired technique.
Veined surface... The classic veined marble surface is achieved through the use of carbon black tinted bituminous marble plaster. The strokes are applied with a very thin instrument (as an option - a medical spatula), and then thoroughly rubbed.
Veneto... Quite a simple technique of classic Venetian plaster. Can be smooth or embossed.

Trevignano... A polymer mixture and a special application technique are used, as a result of which the effect of a marble wall is recreated, as if illuminated from the inside by the sun. It is believed that the resulting imitation is close to the surface of the rock called travertine. Travignano looks best in baroque living rooms and vintage interiors.
Marbella... Refined texture reminiscent of velvet with glossy veins. Depending on the lighting, the shade and depth of the material changes. Looks expensive, elegant and harmonious in classic interiors.
Encausto... Working in this technique, it is possible to recreate a dark matte surface reminiscent of granite. To enhance the effect, the finishing wax coating allows.

Palmier... Imitates fantastic surfaces made of marble, granite, malachite, onyx, penetrated with a network of luminous veins. Thanks to such a coating, it is possible to obtain airiness, volume.
Imperiale... A feature of the composition is the presence of a gold pigment in it, which sparkles and shimmers when exposed to light. Black plaster with a golden sheen looks stylish and respectable. A great option for art deco and vintage interiors.
Wet silk... Recreates on surfaces the effect of a stretched expensive fabric, silk. It is preferable to choose a composition with large fibers, since it looks more expensive and noble.

If wax is applied to the surface as a finishing layer, a glossy surface is obtained. The opposite in its aesthetic properties is a matte surface that does not have a wax coating. As for color, the most popular are those shades that allow you to imitate the surface of natural stone. First of all, it is beige and white plaster, shades of blue, green, aquamarine, gray, brown.

To create color accents, a violet, rich green mixture, fuchsia-colored plaster is suitable.

Application area

The material is used exclusively for interior decoration and is not recommended for application without a protective coating in places with high humidity. Due to its reliability and durability, plaster is used not only for decorating walls in an apartment or house, but also for decorating office and retail premises, as well as concert halls. Thus, if it is necessary to make repairs in the house, the purpose of the plaster is unlimited - it is suitable for walls, ceilings, and individual interior elements.

An important point is that the texture and shade of the plaster should correspond to the general style of the interior.

The moisture resistance and vapor permeability of Venetian plaster, as well as the ability to wash the coating (including with soapy water), become the reason for the active use of the material in the kitchen. For large rooms, it is recommended to select embossed and textured types of coatings, for small kitchens - fine-grained plaster, colors - at the discretion of the user.

Experts advise against using too bright shades in small kitchens., as they visually narrow the room and look aggressive. The combination of Venetian plaster with brickwork, stone or wood surface looks organic.

For a living room in a classic style, a fine-grained version of the material in light pastel shades is suitable. For high-tech style, as well as minimalist interiors, you can choose a rougher, rougher plaster of gray, graphite or steel shades. Bright Venetian stucco makes a great backdrop for spacious living rooms with lots of light. Too fanciful drawings should be avoided. At first, they will, of course, attract attention, but then only cause fatigue and irritation.

Optionally execute wall decoration in the bathroom with Venetian plaster, it is recommended to give preference to smooth surfaces... Embossed textures can cause mold, because dirt easily accumulates in the recesses and water collects. A similar material should be chosen for wall decoration in swimming pools, saunas and baths. Be sure to apply a finishing moisture-repellent layer.

For the hallway, you can use the same plaster as for the hall. This will stylistically unite the room and make it more spacious. For finishing, you can choose both smooth and embossed surfaces. The combination of Venetian plaster with other surfaces will be successful.

In the bedroom, it is better to use both light pastel shades and deep blue, emerald or aquamarine color.

If the room does not differ in a large area, then such active colors can be used in a certain area, for example, in the headboard area. The rest can be lighter, gray or pastel.

For bright rooms, you can choose cold shades. If the lighting is predominantly artificial or not much of it, then it is better to decorate the surfaces with plaster of warm colors.

Marble chips look good not only on large areas and walls, but also when decorating decorative architectural elements. First of all, we are talking about the decoration of columns, ledges and fireplace portals. For surfaces, the material is best applied to flat brickwork, concrete and drywall.

Surfaces coated with oil paint have good adhesion, so the material lies flat on them and holds firmly.

When using other paints, the surface must be cleaned of them, and after that - putty and make a little rough with sandpaper.

"Venetian" can only be applied on a smooth, even surface. If this is impossible to achieve, then you can fix drywall on the crate, and then apply the composition to it. This method will allow you to get ideal working bases, save time and effort for leveling, but "eat up" a little useful area of the room. Regardless of the type of surface, a special plaster is applied as the first layer under the Venetian composition. In order to save money, it can be replaced with acrylic paint. It can be white or have a tone close to the main color of Venetian plaster.

Before starting work, it is necessary to divide the walls into small sections - this will make it more convenient to apply the composition. When plastering such a site, you need to go beyond its borders so that in the future the transitions between neighboring sites are smooth and invisible.

The first layer of primer is applied with an ordinary spatula, and after hardening is smoothed out. For subsequent layers, you must use a flexible spatula, with which you will be able to create an arched pattern.

It is important to let each coat dry completely before applying the next one.... In this case, the tone of each application should be different from the previous one - it can be in the same range or contrasting. You will need to apply at least 4 coats... However, there are techniques that require application of 12 layers.

The attractiveness of the coating is largely determined by the skill of the specialist. The result of the work depends on how harmonious the color combinations of long and short strokes are.

After stripping the last layer, wax is applied, which not only provides additional waterproof protection, but also gives the Venetian plaster a matte or glossy finish. It is better to refuse the use of varnishes (if it is not craquelure)... The final stage of work is polishing the surface with a soft, preferably suede cloth.

If the desired surface is not obtained, it is unacceptable to let the layer dry. It is necessary to immediately put a little plaster on the surface and level it. After waiting for this area to dry completely, it is treated with sandpaper.

If you want to decorate a surface like marble, it is useful to know what makes up its cost:

Type of material and method of application... The cheapest, from this point of view, will cost relief plaster.
Number of layers... There should be at least 3 of them. Of course, for more labor-intensive work you will have to pay more to the master, and the consumption of material increases.
Getting the desired shade... Bringing out the desired shade is a whole science, taking into account also the fact that after drying, the plaster has the ability to lighten. In this regard, the work should be entrusted to a professional, whose services cannot be too cheap.

In addition to Venetian plaster, you also need to purchase material for finishing. The best option is beeswax after treatment with which the plastered surfaces acquire an exquisite glossy shine. There are also cheaper waxes. For rooms characterized by high humidity, enamel application will also be required.

We must not forget about working tools - they will need several types. First of all, this is an ordinary and thin spatula, as well as its flexible variation, trowels, half-trowels, rollers. To rub in and polish the wax, you should take care of the presence of a soft suede cloth.

To obtain smooth surfaces, you must have a trowel, and for embossed and artistic options - rollers, brushes, various spatulas and even improvised items: rags, brooms, crumpled paper, covering film. Possessing a certain skill, with the help of the latter, it is possible to create original textures.

Beginners should choose a composition with large fractions. It is easier to create a grooved surface than a smooth one. Drawing art paintings usually requires the talent of an artist.

To apply the substance on the surface of the kitchen, it is better to acquire a composition with anti-fungal properties, and for the corridor and living room - a composition with increased strength characteristics. When buying several buckets of such material, you should pay attention to the batch number - it must be the same on all containers, since otherwise a discrepancy in shades cannot be avoided. Kohler should be purchased from the same manufacturer as the plaster... Sandpaper of varying grain size is also required. The first layers are processed with coarse-grained sheets, topcoats - with fine-grained options.

It is possible to achieve this or that stylistic effect, not necessarily using expensive specialized formulations. The easiest way to get texture is the sprinkling method.... Splashes can be created with a trowel, spatula, or even a broom.

Chaotic grooves are made on top of a fresh layer of plaster with a wire brush or a broom. After application, it is recommended to smooth out the furrows slightly by rubbing a damp sponge over the surface. An interesting effect, called graffito, can be achieved by applying 3 layers of the described plaster in different shades. Without waiting for the final layer to dry completely, particles of the top layer are removed under the stencil or without it. The result is an interesting mosaic.

When working in a particular technique, one should avoid geometric accuracy, symmetry, mathematical accuracy of the pattern.

You will never find something like this in nature, and therefore an imitation of a stone surface will turn out to be inaccurate.

Manufacturers

All brands of plaster presented on the domestic market can be attributed to one of the following price segments:

Upper... This includes rather expensive compositions, the average price of which is per 1 sq. m is from 1000 rubles. The segment is represented by such European brands as Oikos, Sammarinese, Valpaint, Baldini. By the way, the latter manufacturer is often "prepared" in Belarus, which indicates a fake of the material. Companies from Russia are not represented in this group.
Average... For 1 sq. m will have to pay from 400 rubles. Among reputable manufacturers from Europe, one can single out Ferrara Design, Veneziano and San Marco, and among domestic companies - Natura Interior, Adicolor, Decorazza.
Lower... On average, the cost is up to 400 rubles per 1 sq. m. It is presented by materials from the domestic companies "Descartes", "Ceserite", "Bayramiks", "VGT". It should be noted that it is impossible to buy the original European mixture for the indicated price, therefore, if they offer Italian Venetian plaster, the cost of which is per 1 sq. m less than 400 rubles, then this is a fake.

Each company has a state registration certificate, which indicates the environmental friendliness of products. However, only Baldini, Sammarinese and Ferrara Design have been awarded the European A + safety mark (certification of the absence of harmful volatile elements). Products of the VGT brand have positive customer reviews. Containing natural marble chips, the product is of high quality and affordable price. At the same time, users give preference to coarse-grained samples, which is due to the saturation of the color and the originality of the texture of the finished coating.

Beautiful examples of use in the interior

One of the latest trends in interior design is the application of Venetian plaster to the ceiling. Of course, this is a laborious and painstaking process that requires a lot of preparatory work: the organization of a plasterboard suspended ceiling. But the result is worth it.

Venetian plaster on the ceiling is especially attractive in large living rooms and classic-style offices. It is better to use a glossy composition of light shades, which will also visually raise the ceiling.

An important point is that the coating requires good, thoughtful lighting - this is the only way to reveal the whole beauty of the stone.

Antique Venetian plaster in light colors looks good in classic interiors and goes well with furniture and wooden elements. A safe bet, even for small rooms, is to combine ivory plaster with simple-shaped furniture.

As a decor, do not be afraid to use paintings in massive wooden frames. And if you need to visually enlarge the room, then you need to enclose mirrors in them.

Venetian plaster will help make the room dynamic, bright, and fill it with the energy of nature. To do this, it is enough to choose the relief composition of the fine fraction of a rich green or orange color. The main thing is that the colors, although bright, are not acidic, but natural.

It is most appropriate to use this idea in the kitchen or dining room. A small "island" is enough to liven up the room. Do not forget to maintain a bright color of the wall with accessories to match. For studio apartments and loft-style dwellings, rough Venetian plaster in a rich shade becomes a way of zoning. However, it is not necessary to choose an active color, because you can delimit the space using polar textures. Apply a smoother mixture to the walls in the recreation area and living room, textured one in the kitchen.

Plaster goes well with masonry, which is so popular in the design of loft interiors.

Plaster with golden tints will help transform a familiar bathroom into a luxurious boudoir. You should choose a light shade, for example, marbled. As a "companion" to golden reflections, you should choose accessories or plumbing "for gold" of a similar shade.

Experts recommend using coarse textures in the corridor and on the balcony. It is better to combine it with wicker furniture, floor tiles, repeating the pattern of plaster. As for the color, it is optimal to opt for a neutral beige palette. Color accents will help to arrange accessories and textiles.