Home propane gas filling. The principle of operation of a gas filling station. Description of a homemade device for refueling a car with household gas

As experts advise, in order to reduce fuel consumption, you just need to develop a so-called economical driving style. Simply put, this means that you need to handle the gas pedal carefully, that is gently press to accelerate and brake due to the engine which shuts off the fuel supply. This will really help reduce fuel consumption. But the percentage of savings will not rise above 10%.

Some gas stations offer to simply switch to cheaper types of fuel that contain a higher percentage of ethanol. But this can affect the operation of the engine, as well as the fuel system. In other matters, this problem can only affect certain brands of cars.

Recently, the method of using the so-called "super device" has become very popular among drivers. Its principle of operation is to break up the clumps of gasoline molecules due to magnetic resonance, and then the combustion of gasoline occurs with less waste. So, experts categorically do not advise using this method, since this is just pumping money.

In fact, a noticeable savings can be the additional installation of gas-balloon equipment in the car. The cost of installing such a technical device can cost an average of $ 700 to $ 1,000, depending on the brand of car. But this method can be beneficial only with a high mileage of the car., because otherwise the installation of HBO will pay off for a very long time. Be sure to consider the type of engine, because not all engines function normally with gas.

The most daring way to save money is home gas filling. In appearance, it resembles a wall-mounted gas boiler, which is accessible at any time. Since the cost of natural gas for the population is approximately 5 rubles, and if we take into account that 1 cubic meter of gas is equal to 1 liter of gasoline, it turns out that such filling stations provide savings by 5-6 times.

But in all this there is a huge minus. A home version of gas refueling will cost about 5 thousand euros - this is the minimum, plus the installation of gas-balloon equipment that is adapted for natural gas. The capacity of the compressor for pumping gas is not high, so refueling can take several hours. And to top it off, you must always carry an 80 liter gas bottle with you in the trunk.

To speed up the refueling of the car, the owner can arrange a receiver station. What does it mean? First, pump gas into stationary cylinders, and then refuel the car directly from them. This procedure will be shortened to 20 minutes.

But if the driver has a small car, then the installation of a home filling station is unprofitable. It can be more profitable for owners of gazelles or jeeps, in which the fuel consumption coefficient is very high and can be up to 20 liters per 100 kilometers.

How to convert a car for refueling gas at home

Today we will talk about how to independently refuel cars with natural gas at home from a conventional stove. We will also consider methods, technologies, instructions, drawings and descriptions of compressors and pumps for liquefying methane or propane in order to refuel a car with visual photos. How to make a mini gas filling station at home

Due to its low cost and environmental friendliness in use, natural gas has found wide application in the automotive industry. However, on the way from the main gas pipeline to the consumer's filling cylinder, natural gas goes through several more intermediate stages.

Without a doubt, running a car on natural gas is economically more profitable. And the more powerful and larger the engine, the faster the HBO pays off and the more significant the savings. At the gas filling station, gas is pumped into the filling cylinder of the car. The working pressure of the compressor is 1.6 MPa (16 atm). The gas pressure in a car cylinder depends on the ambient temperature and varies widely.

So, at an air temperature of 0 ° C, the pressure in the cylinder is 0.3 MPa (3 atm), and at a temperature of 20 ° C, its value increases to 1.2 MPa (12 atm). In addition to vehicles, gas filling stations fill cylinders for the use of liquefied gas by the population for domestic purposes and at small and medium-sized businesses.

In previous articles, we presented calculations for reducing fuel costs, and came to the conclusion that under any conditions, the cost of one kilometer of run is reduced by an average of two times. Now imagine that costs can be reduced not by two, but by 6-10 times. Think it's unrealistic? Actually, it's possible. How can we tell further. You can refuel your car at home from the domestic gas network. As you know, domestic gas tariffs for the population are orders of magnitude lower than gas prices at gas stations. And this is even through the counter.

If there is no meter and you pay at standard (albeit overpriced) rates - then everything is clear. Yes, it turns out that you will fill the car almost for nothing. By the way, in the West or in America, such home gas stations are gaining more and more popularity, although there the difference in the price of gas in the kitchen and at the gas station is not at all big. It's another matter with us... Calculating the cost per kilometer of run on gasoline and methane (according to the energy intensity of 1 cubic meter of methane = 1 liter of gasoline), we took the cost at specialized filling complexes as a basis.

With savings, I think everyone understands - even according to the most conservative estimates, at least more than 10 times, provided that you honestly pay everything according to the domestic gas meter.

In addition to this, refueling a car with natural gas from a household network connected to your house or apartment will allow you to:

Again, the main thing is to reduce the cost of refueling the car. The cost of methane is several times lower than the cost of gasoline. The more intensively the car is operated, the higher the economic effect.

Extend engine life. Methane gas, like propane-butane, does not wash off the oil film from the engine cylinder walls, which provides excellent lubrication of piston group parts. In addition, methane, unlike gasoline, does not contain various additives that oxidize the oil itself, which has a positive effect on the resource and stability of engine oil characteristics. Plus, this, by about a quarter, extends the life of spark plugs. Reducing the wear of engine parts increases the engine life by 1.5-2 times, and the service life of engine oil by 2-2.5 times.

The high octane number of natural gas (104-115) allows it to be used for any engines (ZAZ, LuAZ, VAZ, GAZ, Moskvich, UAZ, etc.), as well as in the engines of most foreign cars. This also applies to trucks.

Significantly reduce emissions of harmful combustion products into the atmosphere. When using gas as a car fuel, there are no emissions of harmful toxic compounds of lead and aromatic compounds, emissions of CO, CH, nitrogen oxides are reduced by several times, smoke from the exhaust pipe is reduced three times. Even if you are not an ardent admirer of the "green", cars with methane LPG installed are exempted from environmental control during technical inspection.

You can purchase a ready-made factory mobile gas filling station. Unfortunately, the domestic industry does not produce such ones (it is understandable, no one will be given permission), and there are already quite a few foreign samples. For example, Neuman ESSER (Germany), Maschinenfabrik (Austria), Litvin (France) and many others are mass-produced. The only, but very significant disadvantage is the price. These gas stations are not cheap, especially for a person who wants to save on this. In fact, everything turned out to be banal simple. Anyone can buy a special high-pressure pump that connects to a low-pressure household gas pipeline and refuels a car equipped with LPG (methane gas).

At the same time, no special permissions or safety requirements from the owner are required. I emphasize - special! And then - just a fairy tale. You connect a special high-pressure hose to the car's charging port, and... you will have to wait a little longer than at a branded gas station.

How many? It all depends on the performance of the pump you choose. For example, the weakest one with a capacity of 3 cubic meters per hour can spend 5-6 hours to fill one cylinder, and an average capacity of 10 cubic meters per hour will take only an hour and a half. Can you tell me how long? And you calculate how long your car is idle near the house idle. During this time, he may well refuel. You sleep, the car refuels. When the limit pressure is reached, the system will automatically switch off. In the morning, a car with cylinders filled to capacity awaits you. Everything is wonderful, especially since the bills not spent on fuel continue to lie in your pocket, and not at the cash desk of the gas station.

Household gas compressors for refueling a car, gas cylinders at home with natural gas from a low pressure network

1. Type description: - TypeX compressors; - Cooling-air; - Productivity: 2 Nm3 / h; - Inlet gas pressure: 0.017-0.035 bar - Outlet gas pressure: 200 bar

2. General characteristics of XF-2/0.017-0.035-200 natural gas compressor-supercharger for refueling vehicles, cylinders with a pressure of 20Mpa. Refueling time 5-6 hours, small size, light weight, excellent performance, safety, economy and durability.

3. Main Specifications Stroke: 14mm Rotation speed: 1000 rpm Number of steps

4 Inlet temperature: Ambient temperature +10 ° First compression stage: pressure: 0.39 MPa Second compression stage: pressure: 1.9 MPa Third compression stage: pressure: 6.5 MPa Fourth compression stage: pressure: 20 MPa Motor power 1.1 kW Voltage: 200-240 V Frequency: 50 Hz Rated current: 6.6 A Noise level: 55 dB Weight: 105 kg Dimensions: 810 * 660 * 640 mm

Everything is good and fine, but we still pour a fly in the ointment into this beautiful barrel of honey. With all the visible advantages of using a home gas station, there are no less disadvantages.

Firstly, the cost of installing HBO.

Secondly, the cost of the gas compressor.

Thirdly, the weight and dimensions of high-pressure cylinders.

Fourthly, there is not a sufficiently extensive network of methane gas stations (you have to travel not only near the house).

But, there is a category of citizens for whom these disadvantages are not critical. They use the vehicle not only to move their mortal body from home to work and back, they earn on it. For those whose cars have a huge annual mileage, switching to methane and installing a gas filling station is a very relevant solution.

We figured out the payback, but the size of the cylinders for storing methane is not so simple. They are not suitable for use in passenger cars. The large weight and size simply do not allow them to be painlessly introduced into the design of the car. Most likely, HBO on methane is a great alternative for huge pickup trucks and American SUVs. There, in the back, a couple of three large, eighty-liter cylinders will not take up much space.

You can make such a compressor yourself. The option, again, is ten times cheaper, but it requires desire, time and, most importantly, "straight" hands, besides, they must grow from the right place.

Further article for those who are interested in the second method. The implementation of the first, especially, does not need clarification.
Guide for self-production of a set of gas-cylinder equipment for refueling a car with household gas

At the beginning, it is necessary to clarify: there are gas equipment for compressed gas and equipment for liquefied gas. Compressed gas equipment uses ordinary natural gas - methane, which can be taken from an apartment household or industrial gas network. The only problem is how to fill this gas into a car at home.

An ordinary single-circuit compressor is capable of raising the pressure to a maximum of 20 -25 atm., And to fill a gas cylinder, it is necessary to reach 200 atm. This is achieved by adding additional circuits to the system. It looks like a set of several compressors, each subsequent one, of which pressurizes the gas previously compressed by the previous one to a higher pressure.
In general, the high pressure compressor circuit looks like this.

The principle of operation of the compressor for refueling cars with gas:

Gas from the domestic domestic gas pipeline through the inlet filter (1) is supplied through the inlet valve (2) to the primary circuit cylinder. Compression occurs and through the exhaust valve (3) through the pipeline through the cooling radiator (4) is fed to the cylinder of the next circuit. Further, the gas pre-compressed in the primary circuit is compressed to an even higher pressure. All processes are repeated in the third circuit. The number of circuits can be increased to five. There are three of them in the diagram above. But this does not change the principle.

Compressed to the required pressure, natural gas (about 200 atm.) Passes through the pressure switch (11), is cleaned in a molecular filter and fed through the safety valve into the tank of the fueled car or into the reserve high pressure tank. The refueling time will depend entirely on the productivity of the plant.

In order to speed up the refueling time of the car, you can use additional stationary cylinders. Then, in his spare time, the compressor pumps gas into these stationary cylinders. And when you need to quickly fill up your car, you distill methane directly from them. Thus, it is possible to reduce the refueling time to 10-15 minutes.
Description of a home-made device for filling a car with domestic gas.

As previously stated, this requires a high-pressure compressor (up to 200 kg/cm2). You can use compressors such as GP4, NG-2, AKG-2, but they require a powerful electric motor, which is not suitable for many. A good option is to use the AK 150C aircraft compressor. It is used on modern armored vehicles and in aviation. This compressor is rather small-sized, lightweight, and requires a low-power electric motor of 1.5-3 kW, which allows it to be connected to an apartment or garage electrical network. The main question is where to get it. But believe me, this is not such a difficult task as it seems at first glance. It often happens that they can be written off, while using up no more than 10% of their resource. Whoever seeks will always find (sometimes for very little money or liquid barter

When the pressure rises above 150 kg / cm2, the ADU 2 valve opens and the gas returns through the tube (23) to the compressor inlet. The pressure gauge of the NMP 100 type is used with measurement limits of 0-400 mm of water. Art.
The function of the gas filter can be performed by a new fine fuel filter for diesel engines. A valve (17) is used to drain the condensate from the water separator. A manometer (22) (0-250) kg/cm2 is installed to control the pressure at the compressor outlet.

After that, the body (11) is closed with a cover (14) with an oil seal (13). The cover is fixed with bolts (5). A drive pulley (15) with a key (16) is pushed onto the other end of the shaft (17). The compressor lubrication unit is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 5. The tank (24) (Fig. 2) serves as the base, which can be made from a rectangular profile or welded from tin. A drive unit with a compressor is attached to the top of the tank. The hole (13) (fig. 3) must match the hole (11) (fig. 5) of the tank. A hole is cut out on top of the tank in a convenient place, to which the filler neck (3) and the cap (2) are welded (Fig. 5).

A hole is drilled in the lower part of the tank for the drain plug (14) (Fig. 2). A hole is drilled in the side wall of the tank for the oil pump (1) and the pump drive shaft (17). The oil pump is attached to the tank wall with studs.

The hole (4) (Fig. 5) serves to supply oil to the pump. Shafts (6) and (17) are connected with plate (7) and bushing (8). The bearing (12) is fastened with a housing (15) with a cover (16) and an oil seal (13). The cover is attached to the body with bolts (14). A pulley (18) with a key is put on the shaft (17). The oil pump is used from a GAZ-51, 52, 69 car, but it should be borne in mind that the pumps differ in the length of the drive shaft.

To control the oil level, a viewing window (11) of an arbitrary design is used. The lubrication system works like this. The torque from the electric motor pulley through a belt drive is transmitted to the pulley (16) (Fig. 2), (18) (Fig. 5) and through the shaft (17), bushing (8) and plate (7) is transmitted to the shaft (6) pump drive (1). The oil enters through the hole (4) into the pump (1) (fig. 5), (8) (fig. 2), passes through the adapter (3), into which the automobile pressure sensor (4) is screwed and is fed through the tube to the inlet fitting (12) oil supply to the compressor. Fitting (12) in fig. 2 is conditionally deployed. It is screwed into the hole (3) (fig. 3). The diameter of the thread depends on the tube you have, which can be used from the hydraulic system of autotractor units.

Instead of a sensor, you can connect a pressure gauge for control. In order to divert the gas that has broken through the piston rings into the housing of the drive unit, there is a threaded hole near the upper part of the housing (Fig. 11), (det. 11), section A-A, into which the fitting (13) is screwed ( Fig. 2). A rubber tube is put on the fitting and is brought out above the roof of the garage, at home. Although the design of the filling device provides for the localization of possible gas emissions into the room, it is desirable to install it outside the room.

On average, filling gas cylinders takes 1-1.5 hours. To reduce refueling time, two compressors can be paired. Truck owners can use 4 compressors. On fig. 10 shows a circuit diagram for connecting a 3-phase electric motor to a single-phase network.

When the Start button is released, Sp is turned off. When the "Stop" button is pressed or when the motor thermal protection relay RT is activated, the circuit opens, the starter turns off, the engine turns off and the circuit returns to its original position. When connecting the motor windings with a triangle Ср=4800 (IHOM/U), where IHOM is the rated current of the motor, U is the mains voltage. Sp \u003d (2-3) Wed.

When storing the car in a garage, a tube is put on the fitting, which is brought out above the roof of the garage. With this design, you will be fully guaranteed against any gas leaks. Before using cylinders, it is necessary to check their working pressure, volume, technical condition. The outer surface must be free of dents, cracks, deep scratches and corrosion. Near the neck of the VD is indicated:
- the date of the test and the date of the next test;
- type of heat treatment (N - normalization, W - hardening with tempering);
- operating pressure;
- trial hydraulic pressure (p225);
- actual weight, factory stamp,

To connect gas pipelines, special adapters are used (Fig. 8), which are screwed into the cylinder instead of a valve, lubricating the thread with red lead. Adapter tightening torque -45-50 kg/m (450-500) NM. This can be controlled with a special torque wrench, which can be borrowed from a car service station. When the valve or adapter is fully screwed in, 2-5 threads should remain on its threaded part. The size of the taper thread (fig. 8) depends on the types of cylinders.

High-pressure pipes have a gasketless nipple connection, which, when the union nut is tightened, abuts against the conical surface of the fitting and, when deformed, seals the connection. If you purchased old tubes, you need to cut off the end of the tube with the nipple and put on a new nipple, smearing it with red lead, and tighten the union nut. After carefully tightening all threaded connections, the filling valve opens, the filling device is connected and air is pumped in to half the working pressure, the connections are checked, and if there are no gaps, they are pumped up to full working pressure.

Air leaks must be eliminated after the pressure has been completely bled off. If there are no gaps, then the filling valve is opened and the air is completely released from the system and gas is pumped into the cylinder. After that, the flow valve is opened and gas is released to the HP reducer, its operation is checked.
To do this, using the fitting (13) (Fig. 1), set the gas pressure at the outlet to 10 kg / cm2, then purge the low-pressure system with gas until the air is completely removed, start the engine on gas and check the pressure at the outlet of the HP reducer. may fall a little. All work must be carried out outside the premises. After that, the operation of the safety valve of the gearbox is checked. To do this, smoothly tighten the fitting (13) (Fig. 1) and gradually increase the pressure at the outlet of the reducer until the valve operates. It should work at a pressure of 15-17 kg / cm2.

If the valve operates at a different pressure, loosen the locknut on the valve and adjust the response. After that, the tightness of the main valve is checked. To do this, the fitting (13) is completely unscrewed, while the gas must not enter the low pressure line. If the pressure slowly increases, then the valve seat is changed in the gearbox or handed over to the workshop. If everything is in order, make a test drive and check the low pressure reducer.
How to do this is well described in the instruction manual for liquefied gas equipment and there is no need to describe it. It should be borne in mind that when using a low pressure reducer from an liquefied gas jet, your car may slightly lose dynamism. To prevent this from happening, you can drill the jets in the gearbox by 1-2 tens, but then the mileage and efficiency will decrease. So the decision is yours.

You need to know that natural gas is lighter than air and rises, unlike liquefied gas, which spreads along the ground, fills all the cracks and cellars. Therefore, during operation, this feature must be taken into account.

Before each departure and return to the garage, after maintenance and repairs, it is necessary to check the tightness of the gas system. The most accessible methods for detecting gas leaks are odor control and washing with soapy water. If you smell gas while driving, you need to fix the problem. If you cannot eliminate the malfunction, it is necessary to release the gas from the cylinders into the atmosphere (in the absence of people nearby, open flames, other vehicles).

When the gearbox freezes and the engine is started in winter, it is necessary to use hot water for warming up, it is strictly forbidden to use open fire! If the gas-balloon equipment catches fire, it is necessary to close the valves, turn off the filling system. To put out a fire, you need to have a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher on hand. In this case, it is necessary to water the cylinders with water in order to prevent an increase in pressure in them.

Once every three years it is necessary to check the high-pressure cylinders with a hydraulic test, once a year - they must be submitted for inspection. It is strictly forbidden to attach structural elements to the surface of the cylinders by welding. When refueling a car, it is necessary to control the gas pressure at the inlet and outlet of the compressor, the temperature of the cylinders, and the pressure in the lubrication system. There must be no people in the car during refueling.

If gas leaks are detected, refueling must be carried out under the following conditions: refueling should be done only with the flow valve closed, when refueling, do not stand near the refueling hose, do not tighten the nuts during refueling under pressure, do not knock metal objects on the parts of the refueling system. Disconnect the filling hose only after closing the filling valve. When the working pressure in the cylinders is reached, it is necessary to turn off the compressor engine, close the filling valve, close the valve at the compressor inlet.

And finally, we will please environmentalists and the Greenpeace community. A methane-powered engine has much less exhaust emissions. The amount of toxic carbon monoxide CO (carbon monoxide) decreases more than three times, and the content of carcinogenic hydrocarbons CH, consisting of particles of unburned fuel, decreases by 1.6 times. The concentration of nitrogen oxide NO and dioxide NO2 when the engine is running on gas is reduced by 1.2 times.

What conclusions can be drawn from this? The conversion of modern cars to methane, although costly, is not a difficult operation. At the same time, due to the lower cost of gas, the costs quickly pay off. If we take into account the possibility of installing a gas station at home, then this is the most cost-effective option on the market.

Despite a significant increase in energy prices, gas is still the most common type of fuel. It is used for various purposes, including for refueling cars. Installing gas-balloon equipment on cars allows you to reduce the cost of purchasing fuel.

You can purchase suitable cylinders and other equipment at http://safegas.com.ua/ru/gazovye-ballony/.

Necessary equipment

Gas that is supplied to residential buildings is much cheaper than liquefied gas at specialized gas stations. Therefore, refueling cylinders from a stove is much more profitable. But in order to independently carry out this process, you will need special equipment.

There are currently two options available:

mobile gas filling stations industrial manufacture. Such equipment is not produced in our country. Therefore, you will have to turn to foreign manufacturers. Installations for filling cylinders with domestic gas are produced in France, Austria, Germany and many other countries;
do-it-yourself installations. In order to make such equipment, you need to have certain skills. It is important to understand that accidents can occur if household gas leaks.

A feature of the equipment that allows filling cylinders with household gas is the use of several compressors combined into different circuits. This allows a gradual increase in gas pressure.

The principle of operation of a gas filling station

Since the gas pressure in the gas pipeline is approximately 0.05 atm, it must be compressed to 200 atm before refueling. This problem is solved by the installation for filling cylinders. It can include from 3 to 5 circuits, while the principle of operation will be unchanged:

The gas passes through a filter installed at the inlet to the system and enters the circuit cylinder.
The compressor builds up pressure, and the compressed gas is supplied to the cooling radiator.
The gas is fed through the pipeline to the next circuit, where even more compression occurs.

All processes are repeated in each circuit. Before filling into a high-pressure cylinder, the gas is passed through a molecular filter.

The refueling process lasts from 1.5 to 2 hours. If you use reserve cylinders, into which gas will be injected in advance, then the time can be reduced to 10-15 minutes.

Using homemade gas filling equipment, you must be extremely careful. Gas leaks can cause various accidents.

To date, refueling gas cylinders is a very topical issue. Especially considering that it is much cheaper and easier to refill an old cylinder than to purchase a new one. Bottled gas is often used both in everyday life and in production. Most often, gas is used for heating private houses and for domestic needs (cooking). In connection with the growing popularity of the use of gas in various fields, many people have a reasonable question where to purchase and subsequently fill gas cylinders for their household needs.

Where to fill gas cylinders? And where should it not be done?

Sale of gas for domestic cylinders is carried out at specialized filling points. Most often, such points are located at stationary automobile gas filling stations. Of course, there is an opportunity to fill cylinders with gas at many gas stations that are not even equipped with special balloon points, but experts strongly advise against buying liquefied gas on them. This comes with certain risks:

when refueling with gas, cylinders are not checked for gas leaks;
there is no control on the part of tankers of the terms or the period of examination of cylinders, which makes further operation of cylinders unsafe;
the format of the car filling station does not make it possible to fill the cylinder properly. According to the approved norms, the volume of filling with gas should not exceed 85%. This allows creating a so-called “steam cap” in the cylinder, which prevents the risk of the cylinder exploding under the influence of high temperatures (for example, the sun). In automobile gas cylinders, unlike household ones, a special cut-off device is placed to prevent gas overflow in a timely manner. With this in mind, gas cylinders should be filled with the obligatory control of the weight of the equipment on the scales.

Refueling of gas cylinders at automobile gas stations is possible only with specialized equipment and a license.

Companies that fill any gas containers are called "gas filling stations". By the nature of their activities, they may have a different set of equipment. Often, the process of filling a cylinder can take place in three ways:

pumping - using a pump;
pump-compression - the gas is taken by the pump and, under the increased pressure created by the compressor, is fed into the cylinder;
pumping and evaporating - an electric heater is additionally introduced into the gas supply system - an evaporator, which provides increased pressure.

Such a gas filling station should contain:

exhaust and pump installations;
gas storage tanks;
technical tools for transportation;
additional devices: dispensers, instrument for measuring gas density, etc.

Rules for refueling gas cylinders for summer cottages

A sufficiently high degree of explosion hazard determines the existence of standard requirements for filling gas cylinders.

For example, gas filling should not be carried out if one of the following disadvantages exists:

the equipment is faulty;
there is no residual pressure in the cylinder;
there are visible defects in the valves or valve;
the surface of the cylinder is covered with rust;
there are external signs of paint peeling;
there are dents or damage.

In addition to the norms, cylinders are marked with the inscription "compressed gas" and a sticker is applied, signaling an explosion hazard.

Before direct filling, the vessel must be freed from condensate and gas residues. Filling the cylinder is carried out strictly on the basis of its characteristics specified in the technical passport.

Filling gas cylinders can be carried out in two ways:

exchange - the consumer provides his cylinders and in return receives cylinders already filled with gas. The main advantage of this method can be considered a significant time saving. Disadvantage: receiving someone else's equipment, which may have lower technical parameters;
use of own cylinders - the consumer leaves the cylinders at the gas station, and after a certain time (1-2 days) picks them up. The positive aspect of this method is that its cylinders are constantly used. Minus - the cost of delivery and refueling time.

The cost of refueling gas equipment

The price of such services depends on several factors:

level of service (mounting / dismantling);
availability of transport services (additional transportation);
the cost of electricity for refueling;
the cost of the gas itself.

Recently, a new offer has appeared on the market of gas-balloon and filling equipment - mobile (home) gas filling. In other words, you can fill up your car at home from the domestic gas network. As you know, domestic gas tariffs for the population are orders of magnitude lower than gas prices at gas stations. And this is even through the counter. If there is no meter and you pay at standard (albeit overpriced) rates - then everything is clear. Yes, it turns out that you will fill the car almost for nothing. By the way, in the West or in America such home gas stations are gaining more and more popularity, although there the difference in the price of gas in the kitchen and at the gas station is not at all big. We have another thing...

In addition to that, refueling a car with natural gas from a household network, brought to your house or apartment will allow:

And the expediency of using various "devices" to reduce the fuel consumption of a car has already been considered earlier.

Further, there are two options for refueling a car with gas at home:

Purchase a ready-made factory mobile gas filling station. Unfortunately, the domestic industry does not produce such ones (it is understandable, no one will be given permission), and there are already quite a few foreign samples. For example, Neuman ESSER (Germany), Maschinenfabrik (Austria), Litvin (France) and many others are mass-produced. The only, but very significant disadvantage is the price. These gas stations are not cheap, especially for a person who wants to save on this, and therefore, definitely not an oligarch.

Do it yourself. The option, again, is ten times cheaper, but it requires desire, time and, most importantly, "straight" hands, besides, they must grow from the right place;).

Guide for self-production of a set of gas-cylinder equipment for refueling a car with household gas

In a conventional gas pipeline supplied to a home stove, column or boiler, the pressure of natural gas is about 0.05 Atm., And in a high-pressure gas cylinder up to 200 Atm. Therefore, a compressor is needed that will raise the gas pressure to the required value. The design of such a compressor is somewhat different from that used in conventional household appliances.
An ordinary single-circuit compressor is capable of raising the pressure to a maximum of 20 -25 atm., And to fill a gas cylinder, it is necessary to reach 200 atm. This is achieved by adding additional circuits to the system. It looks like a set of several compressors, each subsequent one, of which pressurizes the gas previously compressed by the previous one to a higher pressure.
In general, the high pressure compressor circuit looks like this.

Designations on the diagram: 1 Gas filter at the inlet. 2 Stage 1 inlet valve. 3 Stage 1 exhaust valve. 4 Cooling tube between 1st and 2nd stages. 5 Inlet valve stage 2. 6 Exhaust valve 2 stages. 7 Cooling tube between 2nd and 3rd stages. 8 3rd stage inlet valve. 9 Exhaust valve 3rd stage. 10 Cooling tubes at the last stage of gas release. 11 Pressure switch. 12 Active carbon / molecular filter. 13 Safety valve. 14 Pressure sensor. 15 Outlet fitting to hoses.

The principle of operation of the compressor for refueling cars with gas:

Description of a home-made device for filling a car with domestic gas.

As previously stated, this requires a high-pressure compressor (up to 200 kg/cm2). You can use compressors such as GP4, NG-2, AKG-2, but they require a powerful electric motor, which is not suitable for many. A good option is to use the AK 150C air compressor. It is used on modern armored vehicles and in aviation. This compressor is rather small-sized, lightweight, and requires a low-power electric motor of 1.5-3 kW, which allows it to be connected to an apartment or garage electrical network. The main question is where to get it. But believe me, this is not such a difficult task as it seems at first glance. It often happens that they can be written off, while using up no more than 10% of their resource. Whoever seeks - he will always find (sometimes for very little money or liquid barter :)).

The scheme of the filling device is shown in fig. 2

From the home household gas network through a rubber hose (possibly from a gas welding machine), gas is supplied through a valve to the gas filter (7). The pressure meter (2), connected through an adapter (3), serves to control the pressure in the gas network. The gas in the filter (7) is cleaned of impurities and fed to the compressor (10), where it rises to 150 kg/cm2. Then the gas enters the dehumidifier (18), the high pressure gas filter (19), the automatic pressure switch (20) of the ADU-2S type. After that, the gas is supplied to the filling valve.
When the pressure rises above 150 kg / cm2, the ADU 2 valve opens and the gas returns through the tube (23) to the compressor inlet. The pressure gauge of the NMP 100 type is used with measurement limits of 0-400 mm of water. Art.
The function of the gas filter can be performed by a new fine fuel filter for diesel engines. A valve (17) is used to drain the condensate from the water separator. A manometer (22) (0-250) kg/cm2 is installed to control the pressure at the compressor outlet.

Elements 18, 19, 20 (Fig. 2) are most preferably used from the air system of the tank. In principle, you can do without the ADU-2 pressure automatic device, but then you need to constantly monitor the outlet pressure so that it is not exceeded.

On fig. 4 shows the layout of the holes and the main parameters of the compressor. The compressor does not have its own drive unit and lubrication system.
Figure 3 shows a variant of the compressor drive assembly.

It is attached to the compressor flange (1) with the help of tin, studs in flocks (8) through the gasket (10) housing (11). From below, a plate (12) is welded to the body for mounting the compressor with a lubrication unit (Fig. 5). A bearing (4) of type 205 is pressed into the housing (11) (Fig. 3). A bushing (7) from a slot is pressed into the bearing, which is fastened with a retaining ring (19). On the one hand, the splined shaft (6) of the compressor enters the sleeve, and on the other hand, the shaft (17) is pressed in, the key of which enters the splines of the sleeve (7). This is to avoid splines on the shaft (17). After pressing, the shaft (17) is carefully attached to the sleeve (7) by welding.
After that, the body (11) is closed with a cover (14) with an oil seal (13). The cover is fixed with bolts (5). A drive pulley (15) with a key (16) is pushed onto the other end of the shaft (17). The compressor lubrication unit is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 5. The tank (24) (Fig. 2) serves as the base, which can be made from a rectangular profile or welded from tin. A drive unit with a compressor is attached to the top of the tank. The hole (13) (fig. 3) must match the hole (11) (fig. 5) of the tank. A hole is cut out on top of the tank in a convenient place, to which the filler neck (3) and the cap (2) are welded (Fig. 5).
A hole is drilled in the lower part of the tank for the drain plug (14) (Fig. 2). A hole is drilled in the side wall of the tank for the oil pump (1) and the pump drive shaft (17). The oil pump is attached to the tank wall with studs. The hole (4) (Fig. 5) serves to supply oil to the pump. Shafts (6) and (17) are connected with plate (7) and bushing (8). The bearing (12) is fastened with a housing (15) with a cover (16) and an oil seal (13). The cover is attached to the body with bolts (14). A pulley (18) with a key is put on the shaft (17). The oil pump is used from a GAZ-51, 52, 69 car, but it should be borne in mind that the pumps differ in the length of the drive shaft.

Then the oil passes through the lubrication channels of the compressor (fig. 3, fig. 4), collects in the lower part and is thrown out through the oil drain hole fig. 4, fig. 11 (det. 11) then flows through the hole (13) (fig. 3) into the tank (24) (fig. 2) Part of the oil passes through the bearing (4) (fig. 3) and lubricates it. Detail (7) ( Fig. 11) can be made from a compressor drive gear, which must be purchased. To do this, grind the ring gear to the dimensions shown in Fig. 11 (det. 7). An automobile bulb can be connected to the pressure sensor (4) (Fig. 2). Instead of a sensor, you can connect a pressure gauge for control. In order to divert the gas that has broken through the piston rings into the housing of the drive unit, there is a threaded hole near the upper part of the housing (Fig. 11), (det. 11), section A-A, into which the fitting (13) is screwed ( Fig. 2). A rubber tube is put on the fitting and is brought out above the roof of the garage, at home. Although the design of the filling device provides for the localization of possible gas emissions into the room, it is desirable to install it outside the room.

The design of the compressor allows you to pump gas of any pressure. But it must be remembered that when the compressor is operating at a very low pressure or the complete absence of gas at the inlet, with the main valve fully open, a vacuum may be created at the compressor inlet and the compressor, instead of gas, begins to draw air through leaks in the valve seals, etc. Therefore, before when filling gas into a cylinder, it is necessary to let the compressor run for several minutes into the atmosphere until the air is completely removed from the filling device.

Re-equipment of the car to run on natural gas.

On fig. 1 pictured scheme of gas equipment for natural gas.

First you need to make sure that it is appropriate to install HBO on your car.

Cylinders (5) containing natural gas are connected by high pressure pipes (3) through adapters (4) screwed into the cylinders instead of valves. Through the shut-off valve (6), gas is supplied to the flow valve (9) and enters the high pressure reducer (HP) (11), where the high gas pressure (200 atmospheres) is reduced to 10 atm. During this process, the gas cools rapidly and strongly, so the reducer can freeze during a fast gas intake, then the gas will stop flowing. To prevent freezing of the gas, a reducer heater (12) is used. Further, the gas, already through the low pressure pipeline (14), through the solenoid valve (15) enters the low pressure reducer (18), where the gas pressure decreases again and is sent through the tee (20) to the car carburetor (22), in proportion to the engine load ( depending on the pressure on the gas pedal). By transferring the voltage of switch P1 to the EM gas valve (15) or to the gasoline valve (23), it is possible to switch the type of fuel on the go. Gasoline enters the carburetor (22) through the fuel pump (24), valve (23). The start valve (19) is used to start the engine on gas.
On fig. 1 shows a simplified diagram of the control of EM valves. Valves 15, 19, 23, reducer-heater 12, low pressure pipes can be used from the set of equipment for liquefied gas. All this can be mounted in the engine compartment in their regular places. This can be done in a workshop for installing liquefied gas equipment. You can also purchase these units there, install, adjust, and check. You can do all this on your own, but you still need documents to register a gas installation on a car, and they can only be issued by a workshop that has a license for this. Yes, and for the correct adjustment of gas equipment, on which both engine thrust and consumption greatly depend, it is desirable that a qualified craftsman would perform the appropriate equipment.

You don't have to buy a balloon. A standard car will not work, because it is designed for low pressure (16 atm) and the mileage will be very small. Therefore, it must be replaced with a high pressure cylinder (Fig. 7) 200 (150) atm and a high pressure reducer (11) (Fig. 1) must be added to reduce the pressure from 200 (150) atm to 10 atm. Aviation oxygen reducers that do not freeze well, or a reducer from a truck with a heater, are well suited for this.
Also, for this purpose, you can use a conventional oxygen reducer for gas welding. But it needs to be modified a bit. It is necessary to change the cover with a large thread diameter, at the top for a fitting and a safety valve with a fitting from the gearbox of a truck. The fact is that the oxygen reducer is not suitable for gas removal when the safety valve is triggered or when the membrane breaks. A rubber tube (10) (Fig. 1) is put on the safety valve fitting and the cover fitting (13) and is led out of the body.
In addition, for the oxygen reducer, it is necessary to purchase a liquid heater (12) (Fig. 1) with a bracket. In this way, you can reduce the cost of the system. It should be borne in mind that the above applies to the oxygen reducer type DKP-1-65. There is also a new type of gearbox EKO-25-2, which does not fit the cover from the gearbox of a truck.

The HP reducer is installed in the engine compartment of the vehicle. The liquid heater is installed in the rupture of the hose that goes to the stove. The copper pipe from the LPG kit that goes into the trunk must be replaced with a seamless high-pressure steel pipe from the truck's compressed gas equipment. Control over the operation of the HP reducer is carried out by the pressure gauge (16) (0-25 kg/cm2), which is installed in place of the reducer pressure sensor.
To determine the amount of filled gas and control the pressure in the cylinders, a high pressure gauge (1) (Fig. 1) (0-250 kg/cm2) is installed on the final cylinder. pressure from a home refueling device, or at a gas station - CNG filling station. For this, a filling fitting from a truck is used. To connect the cylinders to each other, connect the HP reducer, tees, only high-pressure seamless steel tubes (3) with an outer diameter of 10 mm and an inner diameter of 6 mm can be used.
To prevent damage from vibration and distortions, short parts of gas pipelines are bent in the form of rings with a diameter of 100 mm. In addition, the cylinders must be installed on a common frame in nests lined with rubber bands. The entire package must be pinned together to prevent cylinders from moving. Each brand of car has its own layout option.
On fig. 9 shows one of the possible options. In addition, the design of a package of cylinders depends on the type of cylinders, their number, which ultimately determines the mileage.

The mileage depends on the amount of gas in the cylinders, the determination of which is difficult because at different air temperatures a different amount of gas enters the same volume. For orientation, you can use a simplified conversion factor:
a) at a pressure in cylinders of 150 kg / cm2 - 1 liter of cylinder volume, equivalent to 0.3 liters of gasoline.
b) at a pressure in cylinders of 200 kg / cm2 - 1 liter of cylinder volume, equivalent to 0.4 liters of gasoline.

That is, if the average car consumption is 9 liters of gasoline per 100 km and the total volume of cylinders is 50 liters (for example), the mileage will be as follows:
a) at a pressure in cylinders of 150 kg/cm2; 50 * 0.3 = 15 liters of gasoline (15 * 100): 9 = 167 km

Now knowing this, you can choose the type and number of cylinders depending on the required mileage. You should not chase after a high mileage, because the weight increases, the volume of the cargo compartment decreases. It is better to have a basic set of cylinders for a run of 80-100 km and an additional one for long trips.
Specifically for passenger cars, our industry does not produce high-pressure cylinders. Therefore, it is necessary to use them from different fields of technology,
On fig. 7 shows the dimensions of the most common types of HP cylinders. Oxygen cylinders of non-standard reduced size may be suitable for our needs. Scuba tanks are great for scuba diving. Cylinders made of fiberglass, reinforced with steel wire winding, made of composite materials are produced. They are very light and strong and perfect for our needs, but scarce.
You can also use high-pressure aviation or tank cylinders. In extreme cases, a cylinder of the required size can be made from ordinary oxygen by cutting out the middle part. After that, the cylinder is welded by argon-arc welding, translucent with a gamma flaw detector, and subjected to a hydraulic test in a specialized organization. In artisanal conditions, it is strictly forbidden to do this.
After installing the valve cylinders, adapters, filling fitting are placed in a box (4) (fig. 9) made of soft tin, into which the fitting (3) and the service window (2) are soldered, which is installed on the seal. The design can be taken from cylinders for liquefied gas. A piece of rubber tube is put on the fitting and is led out of the body through the window for refueling the gas tank or another place.

Voltage is supplied to the IM motor through the circuit breaker Q1, magnetic starter MP. When the "start" button is pressed, the relay P1 is activated, which, with its contacts P1.2, supplies voltage to the MP starter coil and connects the starting capacitors Sp with contacts P1.1. In this case, the starter is activated and connects the motor and working capacitors Ср to the network. At the same time, the auxiliary contacts of the MP 1.1 starter are closed and the starter becomes self-locking. When the Start button is released, Sp is turned off. When the "Stop" button is pressed or when the motor thermal protection relay RT is activated, the circuit opens, the starter turns off, the engine turns off and the circuit returns to its original position. When connecting the motor windings with a triangle Ср=4800 (IHOM/U), where IHOM is the rated current of the motor, U is the mains voltage. Sp \u003d (2-3) Wed.

Safety regulations for the operation of the vehicle and filling device.

In conclusion, I would like to say that the task was to give you a simplified, affordable and at the same time safe and efficient design of the filling device, which can be assembled in a fairly short time and receive moral and material pleasure from your work. At the same time, the article is educational in nature and the site is not responsible for the possible consequences of using the materials.