An excellent raw material for making a rubber shock absorber is an old car tube, from which the shock absorber ring elements are cut. They can be used on their own or they are fixed on specially made handles. Such shock absorbers stretch well and do not tear.
It is easy to make a weight from a car camera by cutting off an unnecessary part and cutting through 4 handles, after which wet sand, pebbles or crushed stone are poured into the weight-bag.
A lacing kettlebell can be sewn from a tarp by placing a plastic bag with a weight filler in it. An ordinary stick is used as a handle. The weight can be made from any metal blank by welding the handle. If such a weight is uncomfortable and presses on the forearm, then it is covered with a soft cloth cover.
A good sports equipment will be obtained from a wooden "headstock" used for compacting the soil. It is a log with a handle nailed to the end. With it, you can pump the biceps and perform the traction, and to increase the weight, it is either soaked in water, or additional loads are stuffed onto the log.
If you insert a handle into a piece of hollow log or into a metal blank, you will get a completely new shell.
Such sports equipment can be performed with removable discs.
Another unusual projectile is a steel cylinder with an adjustable handle. By rearranging the handle, they lengthen or shorten the physical shoulder, changing the load on the muscles. Another sports equipment for training biceps works in a similar way.
On a special armrest with a handle and a neck, discs are installed, with the ability to move and fix them along the entire length of the neck using locks.
As a rule, beginners purchase inexpensive one-piece ball dumbbells. But after a few months they turn out to be unusable due to their low weight. Interchangeable weights will help to correct the situation, each of which consists of two halves, fixed together with bolts.
It is very easy to make a dumbbell from a pipe, the ends of which are sawn and unbent, and large 3-liter cans of tomato paste filled with cement are suitable as a load.
More difficult, but more convenient to use is a dumbbell, consisting of a handle to which metal boxes with three compartments in each are welded.
The compartments are made to fit the size of the bricks and are closed with a common cover. The weight of such a dumbbell can be changed by adding or decreasing the number of bricks. For professionals working on muscles with large weights and at different angles, a dumbbell is suitable, the handle of which is set at any desired angle.
A barbell can be thought of as a large dumbbell and is made using the same techniques as for making a dumbbell. To make the simplest neck, it is enough to use a crowbar, and in its absence - a piece of a water pipe. Wooden plugs are driven in from both sides of the pipe, having previously filled in shot, small pebbles or sand.
Restrictors in the form of bushings with clamps are installed on the pipe and the simplest locks are made, also in the form of bushings with a threaded clamp. Rod discs are either made from suitable scrap metal, or poured from cement into a special mold, or made from wood. You can increase the weight of the wooden disc by using dumbbell weights mounted on the disc rods.
For additional fixation of the weights, the simplest locking elements can be used. A convenient rod will turn out from a metal box to which a U-shaped pipe is welded.
The geometry of the curved tube is measured in advance, based on the height of the bench on which the bench press is performed and the height of the athlete's chest. Any heavy objects are put into the box, be they stones or light sports equipment. If you make the U-shaped tube extendable, then you can perform squats with weights while standing on a bench.
Curved rods are used to work out various muscle bundles. At home, not everyone can afford it. But everyone can make special devices for rods.
Having decided on the shape of the attachment and the diameter of the neck, it is ordered from any master of metal.
If an athlete has any sports equipment, then for a variety of exercises with them, appropriate devices are made to sum up the weight of the equipment. So, for exercises with weights, a holder is made, which allows not only to sum up the weights, but also to train by performing various grips.
By installing weights on a homemade bar, you will get an almost real barbell. 
For rods, presses, squats, a device is perfect, which is a support, on the axis of which a beam with handles is installed. 
Holes for weights or other weights are made on the supporting beam, the rearrangement of which achieves the required load. 
A homemade expander is made from door springs, connecting them in length by two pieces, and the handles are copied from the factory expander. If the force has increased, and there are no more springs, then rubber shock absorbers are passed inside the springs, which increase the total load and do not get tangled. To use the expander as a "block", a wide hook-holder is bent out of metal. By combining an expander and a dumbbell or an expander and a barbell in one design, they achieve the summation of the loads produced by each of the sports equipment.
For the manufacture of block devices, you will need pulleys - wheels with grooves for a cable or rope, which are fixed on the axle. Removable pulleys can be hooked. Interesting combinations can be achieved by attaching pulleys to a bench or footrest. For attaching to the block of discs, a mushroom rod is used, and for weights and dumbbells - single or double hooks. 
Everyone knows how to make a crossbar. But where to get the bars, few know. After all, push-ups from the bars with or without weight is one of the main exercises. A kitchen table with spacers between the legs is perfect as bars.
Without spacers, the legs will break. You can also do push-ups from two tables or pedestals, and if they have different heights, then alternate push-ups, turning 180 degrees. The bars can be two sticks, preferably with flat ends. 
Placed on a window sill and table, they make an excellent foldable exercise machine. The simplest bars are two chairs with their backs facing each other. But this design is not stable. Therefore, we recommend that you fasten the backs of the chairs with a board with slots for the backs. There can be several slots in the board, corresponding to different widths of the grip during push-ups. 
For push-ups from the floor, special straight or sloped supports are used. They can be made from wood or metal. They allow you to work out the pectoral muscles very well with deep push-ups. Stands are used for various types of push-ups, including in a stand against the wall.
The rope turns into a static simulator, which can not only be stretched, but with which you can even "push up" either in a given position, or by pushing up and simultaneously releasing the rope clamped by your hands. The athlete's best friend is a book that will also perform the functions of supports and a static expander for the pectoral muscles and biceps. 
The branches of the tree will turn into a “natural natural block”, affecting both the development of the broadest muscles of the back and the muscles of the arms. 
Well, brushes, for example, can be trained with any object at all, be it a bicycle tire, a piece of rubber mat or a plastic bottle.
OUTPUT: When training at home, it is important not to be afraid to experiment, it is necessary to look for new ways to work out certain muscle groups, to design previously unknown simulators, sports, equipment and devices.
The protests against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in March 2011 escalated into a bitter and bloody civil war, during which more than 250,000 people have already been killed, hundreds of thousands of people have become refugees and much of the country lies in ruins. Several Islamic State opposition, terrorist, gangster and violent jihadists across the country continue to fight President Assad's government forces with whatever weapons they can get their hands on.
Today we will see what weapons oppositionists and terrorists use against government troops in Syria.
Volcano - A homemade rocket mortar made of four pipes attached to an excavator.
Homemade shells made from gas cylinders, the range of such a shell is up to 3 kilometers.
Another homemade mortar that fires shells from gas cylinders. One person can handle such a mortar, load and fire a shot.
Homemade Syrian cannon, transported by a conventional tractor.
The Free Syrian Army fires homemade slingshot rockets at the government forces of President Bashar al-Assad.
Militants shoot at the Syrian government forces with a makeshift cannon that can be easily placed in small streets between residential buildings.
Shot from a homemade rocket launcher. Syria, Aleppo.
Sham-2 is a homemade armored vehicle, made on the basis of a passenger car, belongs to the fighters of the Al-Ansar brigade. A machine gun is installed on the Sham-2.
A homemade armored vehicle is equipped with a camera and a monitor, a machine gun is controlled by a joystick from a game console, similar to a game shooter.
"Sham-2" inside. The creators are proud of their invention.
Huge homemade sniper rifle of the "Free Syrian Army" fighter from Damascus.
Protected by steel sheets, a truck with explosives drove into the wall of the Aleppo prison in February 2014. Then, more than 300 militants of the terrorist organization Jebhat al-Nusra managed to escape from the central prison.
Militants make homemade mortar shells. Old house in Aleppo, Syria.
Another handicraft workshop for militants in Syria.
Installing a homemade mortar on one of the fronts in Damascus. The militants use an iPad to determine the degree.
At one of the factories in Aleppo, terrorists grind shells on machine tools.
Terrorists use a homemade catapult to launch a bomb on the government forces of President Bashar al-Assad in the city of Aleppo.
Sham-1 is a homemade armored vehicle with iron sheets.
In one of the courtyards of the city of Lataki, militants make homemade rockets.
Homemade gas masks for militants.
A retired officer wears a homemade gas mask made from a plastic bottle, gauze, coal, cotton and cardboard.
Homemade cannon.
Homemade rockets.
Homemade bombs. New Year's toy.
Homemade mortar.
A homemade bomb is ignited by a simple cigarette, launched by a catapult.
The design of the catapult is simple: a large slingshot and a long elastic band. The more you stretch, the further the projectile flies.
shot from a homemade cannon.
A militant makes a mortar shell on a lathe.
The workshop creates a new weapon for the militants of the terrorist organization.
DIY mortar shells.
terrorists launch homemade rockets at the Syrian government forces of Bashar al-Assad.
A piece of metal pipe serves as a hand grenade launcher.
Militants paint homemade rockets at home.
This is already a full-fledged home-made artillery installation on wheels.
Homemade militant grenades.
Homemade mortar.
Homemade rocket launcher.
...
Militants are real masters of weaponry, they can create such guns that cause considerable damage.
Another miracle of construction.
Double-barreled gun.
A child in a workshop where they make homemade mortar shells.
). When soda is added to vinegar, an intense release of carbon dioxide begins, which we can observe in the form of thousands of bubbles and the resulting foam.
NaHCO 3 + CH 3 COOH → CH 3 COONa + H 2 O + CO 2
soda + acetic acid → sodium acetate + water + carbon dioxide
In cooking (baking), this reaction of soda with acetic acid is often found. The carbon dioxide released into the dough "inflates" it, making it porous and "airy".
But how can the reaction of acetic acid and baking soda be used to create a rocket? Now we will find out and consider the example of creating a simple chemical rocket. Let's get started ...
MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT:
A plastic bottle with a volume of 0.5 l, sticks or pencils (3 pcs.), Baking soda, table vinegar 9%, a paper clip, scotch tape, a cork (a chemical rubber is better, but wine is also suitable), a tea bag, ribbons (not necessary).
PRODUCTION:
Step 1.
We glue the legs of our rocket to the bottle with adhesive tape. As support legs, you can use pencils of the same length or cut out the same branches.
Step 1 a. (optional)
We glue the ribbons with tape to stabilize the flight. Why optional ?! From experience, it was found that with ribbons, the rocket flies much lower due to the greater air resistance.
Step 2.
We open the tea bag and pour out its contents. Put baking soda in an empty tea bag. We tie the bag so that the soda does not spill out. You should end up with a bag of baking soda thick enough to fit easily into the neck of a plastic bottle.
Step 3.
We attach the soda bag to the cork with a paper clip.
Watch the video, which shows in detail how to make such a rocket ...
PREPARING FOR FLIGHT AND LAUNCHING:
Step 4.
Pour a third of the volume of vinegar (approximately 150 ml) into the bottle.
Step 5.
Carefully, so that the soda does not spill into the bottle of vinegar, put a bag of soda in and tightly plug the neck of the bottle with a cork.
IMPORTANT: The cork should fit very tightly into the bottle. To do this, you need to select a cork of the appropriate thickness. The stronger the cork holds, the more pressure will be created inside the bottle during a chemical reaction, and the higher our rocket will fly.
Step 6.
We turn our rocket upside down. At the same time, the vinegar comes into contact with the soda bag and a chemical reaction begins with an abundant release of carbon dioxide.
About the chemical reaction of the interaction of vinegar and soda, see here
Step 7.
We wait for about a minute, until there is enough gas to shoot the plug. As a result of the reaction, more and more carbon dioxide is released into the interior of the bottle. Because a plugged cork prevents this gas from escaping, then the gas pressure inside the bottle increases. When the critical pressure is reached, the cork is shot down along with the contents of the bottle. Under the influence of jet thrust, the rocket flies upward.
Such a rocket flies high enough! With a tightly packed traffic jam, the rocket takes off to a height of 20-30 meters (the height of a 9-storey building is ~ 27 meters).
IMPORTANT:
The rocket should be tested only outdoors! Vinegar has a pungent odor and is sprayed all over the place when it starts up.
Do not stand close to the rocket during launch!
Do not aim the rocket at people or animals!
In no case bend your face over a loaded rocket "just look" or "see why it doesn't take off for a long time"!
By following these simple rules, you can have fun and without consequences launch your own rocket. Good luck!
How was the test of our rocket in the field, see below ...
Sports equipment - do it yourself
The ingenuity of teachers in the creation of exercise equipment is truly limitless. Today we introduce our readers to some of the findings of physical education instructors from different parts of Russia.
Let's sit, jump, kick our legs!
Trampoline from "spare parts"
Fine trampolines - small in size and original shape - are made from car cylinders. For this it is necessary, firstly, to obtain such cylinders, and secondly, to sheathe them with leather. And then - jump for fun.
Obstacle pillows
If you cut out two parts of a certain shape from a painted oilcloth (for example, the back and abdomen of a ladybug), and then sew these parts together and stuff them with rags (not very tightly), you get original pillows on which you can move around while maintaining balance.
Rag tunnel
With the help of two hoops and a piece of linen, a mysterious tunnel is created. To crawl over it requires dexterity and a certain amount of courage.
Based on materials from Olga SKOBLIK,
physical education instructor for nursery-kindergarten No. 91 "Builder"
Ulan-Ude
Feed the chicks!
Throwing rings is an old way of developing eye and manual dexterity. But for young children, the figurative shape of the shells is preferable. IN kindergarten number 166 in Barnaul ring toss are bird-shaped. And the children are offered not only to put rings on the pin, but to "feed the chicks." Such a task, of course, imposes a special responsibility on the throwing ring: if you miss, the chicks will be hungry.
Ring-toss hare in kindergarten No. 10 "Tullukchaan" in Yakutsk
Miracle skiing
What a plastic bottle can not turn into! And in a doll, and in a rattle, and in a color trainer! But this does not exhaust its possibilities. Elena Nedvzorova, physical education instructor kindergarten number 17, Kamen-na-Obi, Altai Territory, made from plastic bottles ... skis!
I made cuts on the side of each bottle of the required size - so that the leg would fit freely into the bottle, pasted over the edges of the holes with a cloth so that they would not be cut - and the skis were ready. The bottle caps playfully indicate the sliding direction. Of course, you can't go far on such skis. But both children and adults will ride with pleasure on the fleecy surface of the carpet during fun starts. And a race. Take me, my bottle!
"Counting" sticks for physical education
If you wish, you can endow exercise equipment with "mathematical properties." This will require a wire cut into pieces of various lengths - from 50 cm to 1 m. The wire is wrapped with a layer of soft materials and sheathed with a dense cloth. At each end, such a piece with a wire "filling" has Velcro, which allows the pieces to be linked together.
Various geometric shapes are laid out from the segments, which can serve as "islands" in relay races, "paths" for walking in order to prevent flat feet, "windows" for climbing and simply counting sticks.
Invented by Lyudmila NAZAROVA, physical education instructor,
primary school - d / s "Medvezhonok",
Ulan-Ude
The circus has arrived!
IN kindergarten "Kolokolchik" of the Yakut village of Churapcha a real circus studio was created. The children attending her achieve absolutely incredible results. Not because they are trained for many hours a day, but as a result of a certain system of training on special simulators developed at one time by the Yakut scientist Dmitry Petrovich KORKIN.
These two simulators may be of interest to our readers.
Korkin wall
The Korkin wall differs from the usual gymnastic wall by the location of the "steps". The slots are not staggered, but strictly one below the other. This requires more skill and better coordination of movements from the climber. You have to be like a cat.
The caterpillar is a descendant of the ball!
This charming caterpillar, as it should be, lives in the "garden" - in the gym kindergarten № 230 "Ogonyok" in Barnaul. Unlike ordinary caterpillars, it does not originate from a butterfly, but from a rubber ball. More precisely, several rubber balls - "aged", having lost their elasticity and the ability to jump. And for the production of a caterpillar, just such balls are needed. It is enough to sheathe them with fabric covers, fasten them together - and an additional cheerful projectile of the gym is ready. It can be used in relay races as an obstacle - run, jump! And since the caterpillar can be laid in different ways on the sports track (stretched out, curled up in a ring - large or small), then it is necessary to overcome it as an obstacle differently each time. The movement becomes more difficult if on the go it is necessary to count the balls of the caterpillar body.
Well, in some cases, you can use the caterpillar as a neck roll - if you want to lie down. Valentina POPOVA, physical education instructor at the Ogonyok kindergarten, claims that it is very convenient.
We can crawl
Physiologists believe that crawling is a very beneficial exercise. For both children and adults. During crawling, those muscles are involved that do not have a load either when walking or running.
This is especially useful for children - also for strengthening the back muscles.
But just crawling on all fours for a long time will get bored.
In the kindergarten "Zagadka" (Novy Urengoy)in order to diversify this type of movement, different "shells" are used. Sometimes they are very simple and look like ... an ordinary thick rope.
"Hunting" fun
IN kindergarten "Tullukchaan", Yakutsk you can see a fantastic picture.
There is a box. At the bottom there are cones. It is not a building material or a craft material. The bumps act as a massage mat. You will not believe that this is possible until you are convinced with your own eyes. Yakut kids can really walk on bumps. After all, their great-grandfathers were hunters! They say walking on the bumps is very beneficial.
"Iron" hedgehog
Massage mat "Hedgehog" diversifies the collection of rugs for similar kindergarten № 166 in Barnaul. True, the character of the hedgehog is "iron", and its "thorns" made from metal bottle caps should be classified as an "extreme" type of massage. Stepping over such a rug feels somewhat different from the gentle effect of felt-tip pens or smooth rings of a massager. However, children like the "thrill" sensations, and they are not afraid to trample on the hedgehog's back. And the hedgehog is not offended: he was created for this!
Making rockets with your own hands from scrap materials is a popular hobby among Westerners. In Russia, home "rocketry" is not in such high demand, but even here there are enthusiasts. And in most cases these are not students of technical specialties, but the parents of little fidgets and young visionaries. Only loving mothers, fathers and creative teachers-educators know how to make a rocket with their own hands from paper, cardboard, and a bottle so that it not only involves the kids in space travel, but also takes off effectively. Using diagrams and models, daring experimenters will make a rocket that flies out of matches and foil. Don't believe me? Experience our master classes with photos and videos firsthand!
How to make a space rocket with your own hands from scrap materials - a step-by-step master class for children and parents
To give your child a new exciting toy, you do not have to visit stores and auctions of expensive children's goods. You can make a bright, interesting and, most importantly, safe little thing with your own hands. For example - an intergalactic rocket for entertaining role-playing games and virtual travel. And our step-by-step master class "How to make a space rocket from scrap materials with your own hands" will simplify and accelerate the collective creative process of parents and children.
Required materials for a rocket from scrap materials
- plastic bottle
- colored terry sock
- glue gun
- sheet of red felt
- thick foil
- cardboard
- scissors
- yarn red and yellow
- paper towel tube
- thin lace
A step-by-step master class for children on creating a space rocket from scrap materials
- Wash the empty plastic bottle with warm water and dry. Pull a colored sock onto a clean, dry container. Tie a thin string under the bottom of the bottle, and cut off the tail.
- Cut out two circles with a diameter of 5 cm out of red felt. Glue the shapes onto the finished rocket base, simulating portholes. On the red circles, fix the same round pieces of thick foil with a glue gun, but with a smaller diameter. Approximately 3.5 cm.
- Draw three fins on a piece of white cardboard. Cut out the shapes and glue the tip down to the rocket on three sides.
- Cut a ring 5-6 cm wide from a cardboard tube (from toilet paper or paper towels). Wrap the part with thick foil. Wrap the red woolen threads around your palm, then glue the resulting skein with one side to the previously prepared part.
- Do the same with the yellow yarn. So it will turn out to make the lower part of the rocket with decorative flames. Fix the part with a glue gun to the bottom of the bottle. This completes the step-by-step master class for children and parents "How to make a space rocket with your own hands from scrap materials"!
How to make a bright rocket out of cardboard and paper with your own hands - diagrams and models
If preschoolers are delighted and amazed by a small toy rocket the size of a bottle, then older kids will like a full-length spacecraft. Your own intergalactic ship will allow junior schoolchildren to feel like real captains and show courage, bravery and courage as the main traits of a man's character.
How to make a large model of a rocket out of paper and cardboard with your own hands for a child, see the next master class with diagrams, photos and videos.
Do-it-yourself materials for a paper and cardboard rocket model
- carton boxes
- colored paper
- yogurt cups
- disposable plates
- plastic covers and buttons
- adhesive letters and numbers
- bobbins of thread
- flower pot
- foam circle and pieces of fabric
- stencils letters
- markers
- scissors
- pencil
- satin ribbons
- thick foil
- glue gun
A simple diagram of how to make a model of a rocket out of cardboard and paper with your own hands
- With the help of the little ones, start building a colorful rocket. Let the kids help you with their favorite toy tools. Use a large appliance box as the base of the rocket. Ideally, from the refrigerator.
- Make the top of a rocket with a dyed flowerpot, disposable tableware, and plastic sewing thread bobbins. Decorate the details with pieces of satin ribbons and three-dimensional stars made of colored paper.
- Cut out a round window in the front wall of the rocket. Wrap the foam circle with multi-colored satin ribbons and glue it to the panel in place of the porthole. Glue a few bobbins of thread just above and mark them with adhesive numbers. This will make it easier for the little pilot to keep track of the time to launch. Place another dashboard below the porthole to make the rocket more interesting.
- On the right side of the space rocket, equip the fuel tank cap with bright plastic buttons. For this, plastic bottle caps, spools of thread, old buttons from various devices are useful.
- Don't forget the front door. Draw a large oblong rectangle on the back of the rocket and cut through three sides (bottom, top, and right). The remaining left side will serve as a curtain. Decorate the captain's door with decorative items.
- Draw two legs on thick cardboard, cut out the details and cover them with foil. Fix the elements to the bottom of the right and left side of the rocket. With this the spacecraft is ready. For a visual explanation of how to make a bright rocket out of cardboard and paper with your own hands, see the model diagram.
How to make a rocket with your own hands so that it flies - step by step instructions with photos and videos
Even using the most primitive waste materials (candy boxes, cardboard tubes from napkins, etc.), you can make an unusual rocket with your own hands that will fly. Of course, she will not be able to surf the vastness of the universe, but she will boldly go on a journey through the children's room. Use our step-by-step instructions with photos and videos to make your kids a glorious gift for the significant Cosmonautics Day.
Do-it-yourself materials for a flying paper rocket
- paper towel tube
- thick cardboard
- scissors
- pencil
- brushes and gouache paints
- permanent marker
- yarn
- straw for drinks
Step-by-step instructions with photos and videos on creating a flying rocket with your own hands
How to make a simple launcher bottle rocket to take off
If the kids have grown up a long time ago and are no longer interested in cardboard toy models, invite them to make a simple rocket with a trigger that can fly high and effectively. Rest assured, the stunt with the launch of a spacecraft will delight even an adult. What can we say about impressionable teenagers.
Required materials for a simple rocket from a bottle with a launcher
- thick cardboard
- thin cardboard
- scotch
- plastic bottle
- plasticine
- wine stopper
- pencil
- scissors
- bicycle Pump
Step-by-step instructions for creating a simple rocket with a trigger
- Roll a sheet of thin cardboard into a cone. Trim the edge to make the shape straight.
- Cover the finished cone with colored tape, this will increase its resistance to water.
- Wash and dry the empty bottle. Paint the container in any color, draw an emblem if you wish or leave an inscription.
- The main part of the rocket - the cone - glue it with liquid silicone to the bottom of the bottle. Try to make the structure as flat as possible.
- Cut 3-4 right-angled triangles out of thicker cardboard. Glue the parts to the bottle. This will give the rocket tail keels. Ideally, the "legs" should end at the extreme point of the container neck.
- Weight the bottom of the rocket. To do this, wrap a piece of plasticine around the neck of the bottle and mask the load with adhesive tape.
- Pour 1 liter of water into the bottle.
- Make a thin hole in the wine stopper with a needle. The hole size should not exceed the diameter of the needle from the bicycle pump.
- Insert the stopper carefully into the neck of the bottle. Insert the needle from the bike pump firmly to prevent it from popping out.
- Take the rocket with its neck towards the top and connect it to the pump. Turn the spacecraft over and position it so that it does not fly in your direction.
- Holding with your hand, pump the rocket with air. Then release the craft and continue pumping air. A simple rocket from a bottle with a launcher will take off as soon as the cork can no longer hold the thrust.
How to make a rocket out of matches, foil and other improvised materials with your own hands on video
And for those who strive to remember a fun and carefree childhood, being already old enough, we have prepared another master class with a video on making a flying rocket from matches, paper clips and foil. This time you will not have to make crafts from cardboard, paper, bottles and other scrap materials. It is enough just to remember the very unpretentious model that flies, and accurately reproduce it, observing safety precautions. And if you cannot recall the step-by-step instructions in any way, watch the video "How to make a rocket out of matches, foil and other materials with your own hands."