Do-it-yourself monolithic concrete garage. Prefabricated and monolithic concrete garages. Concrete garage: pros and cons

A reinforced concrete garage is a solid structure for storing and servicing various types of vehicles. The technical characteristics of reinforced concrete make structures reliable, durable, heat-saving and relatively inexpensive. It is possible to build a concrete building with your own hands (with some help from equipment and people). The easiest and fastest option is to purchase a ready-made structure and install it in the desired location.

Varieties

The structure of reinforced concrete material is presented in two forms:

monolithic;
team.

This type of reinforced concrete structures is very popular among motorists. Its installation does not take much time and effort. Companies that sell precast concrete garages also offer installation (or dismantling) services. The company transports the concrete object to the desired location, assembles it (within one hour) at the construction site.

The building is of several types:

structure, which is assembled and installed on the system. site;
finished object (assembled at the factory, transported to the customer).

In the second case, the main parameters of the structure are determined by factory standards. Customers who want to connect the structure with the house (place it in the basement or make it part of the first floor) resort to the first option, place an order, and agree on the dimensions. In this case, the price may differ both in one direction and in the other. This will depend on the complexity of the building, its size, installation time and other things. Each company has catalogs of services with a description of prices and all the details of the process. Check out the details: do you need a viewing hole, floor, cellar, etc.

Some firms call such structures “mini-constructors”. Parts of such structures are created separately from each other. The smallest details are taken into account, so that when all the details are in the right location, the installation does not take much time. In the catalogs of companies, you can look at previously made and possible models of such garages. Some of them do not require the intervention of specialists. Thus, you can save on the services of builders.

Reinforced concrete structures are built from:

concrete blocks;
wall panels (additionally, plates are used to cover the space).

In the latter case, the kit includes all the tools (as a set) for installing the building. The main advantage that such a garage has is variety. Blocks or panels can be customized to any size required by the customer. Such constructions best meet the operational requirements and desires of customers. You can create a building from cellars, a whole garage park or a workshop. Inside, you can easily place a viewing hole or additional rooms for employees or craftsmen.

Dimensions

Solid blocks are made in the following sizes:

2.40x5 m;
48x2 m;
1.9x2.8 (for garages with a gate opening).

The wall thickness is from 80 to 120 mm. The value must correspond to the thickness of the rib and is calculated separately for each block. Such a garage can be built absolutely any size. Consider an example of building a garage for one place. For construction, panels of given sizes are used: length 5-6 m; width 4 m; height 2.3-2.6 m. If such parameters do not satisfy the needs of the customer, a special design is purchased. They are presented in different sizes and greatly facilitate the construction process.

Advantages and disadvantages

Consider the good and bad sides of solid concrete buildings. Advantages:

it is possible to build according to an individual plan;
the possibility of dismantling;
reliability and durability, such reinforced concrete structures are installed “once and for all”.

Flaws:

the construction process takes several days;
in order to speed up the construction, the use of special equipment is required, and this is an additional cost;
redevelopment is not possible;
at the time of repair, you should find a room for storing building materials;
size restrictions.

The situation is a little better with reinforced concrete structures, which are made separately. Advantages:

a large selection of tiles;
you can purchase already finished materials, which will reduce the repair time;
erection will take about 4-6 hours;
the possibility of dismantling;
You can use the concrete room one hour after installation.

Flaws:

Blocks can be deformed if stored and used improperly.

Technology

For prefabricated garages

Consider the features of the construction of buildings of this type. After buying such a structure, the factory issues special instructions if you decide to do the installation process yourself. It describes all the necessary steps to build a solid building. Once the foundation is in place, construction can begin. Main stages:

carry out the installation of floor plates;
assemble and install side panels;
install the back wall of the garage;
fix the installed panels;
swipe (it is desirable that the gate be metal);
install floor slabs;
arrange the roof.

To fasten the blocks, use the brackets. Welding work is not carried out. You can choose the finish, color and design yourself. We recommend that you level the surface with plaster. This will immediately give the garage a well-groomed and aesthetic appearance.

For the installation of buildings made of concrete of this type, the help of lifting equipment is required. The gate can be installed without welding. Main stages:

Obtain permission to erect a one-piece building from the appropriate authorities. It is impossible to start construction without receiving a special document.
After purchase, the factory will provide you with special instructions. Follow her advice and get great results.
Equip the foundation (the best option is a strip foundation).
Install the plates in the trench, fasten together, waterproof.
Solve the problem with ventilation (it is better to choose natural).

A garage is a necessity for any car owner, both protection and security. In the article we will talk about how to choose a concrete garage, build it yourself, consider the types, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of concrete garages.

Types of concrete garages, their pros and cons

A garage made of concrete or reinforced concrete slabs is the most reliable place to store and service a car. The building can be erected with your own hands, it will not take so much time, besides, it is a relatively inexpensive construction.

Buildings are divided into:

Precast concrete buildings, which are built from blocks or wall panels and floor slabs. You can purchase ready-made sets of garage plates, they are lighter, but no less reliable designs.

Such buildings are erected in a short time, if necessary, they are quickly dismantled and transported to a new location. Now many companies offer to purchase a concrete garage with installation by the company's specialists, in this case, installation is carried out within a few hours.

To date, manufacturers offer, factory-cast into a single design. Such a garage is delivered to the installation site and tightly mounted on the foundation.

But the dimensions of monolithic garages are limited by transportation, besides, its dismantling is impossible and transportation is difficult, but such a design is installed quickly - in a couple of hours you have a full-fledged, reliable garage, almost ready for operation.

Monolithic reinforced concrete buildings erected from concrete poured into reinforced formwork. The work is carried out using a small concrete mixer: for the construction of a standard garage, an apparatus of 0.5–1 m3 will be enough.

A monolithic concrete garage is quite reliable, it can be built in any size, shape and configuration. For reasons of economy, instead of ASG, you can use slag or foam concrete, the price of which is lower, moreover, such walls will keep heat better.

Benefits of a concrete garage

So:

Reliability. The walls of the garage will protect the car from the weather and intrusion.
Durability. The garage will last for decades, as it is built once and almost forever.
Environmental friendliness. All materials used do not contain substances hazardous to human life and health.
Frost resistance. Concrete is not subject to destruction from exposure to low temperatures.
Fire resistance. The material is not afraid of high temperatures and retains its operational properties even when in contact with open fire.

Disadvantages of a concrete garage

A properly built garage has practically no drawbacks, except that it requires insulation and heating of the room (see). The temperature in the winter in the garage will be only a few degrees higher than on the street, so for a comfortable stay in it, it is necessary to carry out heating.

A foam concrete garage will require protection of the walls from moisture penetration, you will have to do the exterior decoration of the building (see). A prefabricated garage made of concrete panels is limited in size, construction requires the involvement of equipment, and if the elements are connected by welding, then specialists.

Stages of the technological process of building a garage

To begin with, any work begins with a project that indicates the dimensions of the building, the necessary materials and their quantity, the binding of the building to the ground, that is, all the necessary parameters.

A concrete garage project can be done by hand or ordered from a specialized organization. Competent craftsmen will analyze the soil, determine the depth of freezing and groundwater, which is important in the case of a basement or a workshop under a garage. Installation of concrete garages is carried out on a leveled base, freed from fertile soil, debris, covered with a layer of sand or fine gravel and carefully compacted.

Foundation

Tape shallow foundation for a garage

So:

A monolithic or prefabricated garage without a basement is placed at a height of 40–60 cm and a width of 25–30 cm.
Reinforcement is carried out with reinforcement with a diameter of 12–14 mm.
The tape should protrude above the ground by at least 10 cm.
The surface of the foundation is waterproofed with a layer of roofing material or other rolled material to cut off moisture from the walls.

Walling

A monolithic, reinforced garage is built using formwork, it is placed on a foundation with a distance between the elements equal to the thickness of the walls.

If there is no factory formwork, then various improvised materials can be used:

plywood.
Boards.
Metal sheets.

Fasten the formwork with bolts or studs for easy disassembly and subsequent assembly of the structure. Reinforce the walls with a spatial frame or individual rods. Pay special attention to the corners of the building.

Concrete is poured in layers (each layer no more than 50 cm thick), carefully vibrated to release excess air. Otherwise, voids and shells may form in the walls, which will weaken the building and deprive the surface of aesthetics.

As the concrete hardens, a row of formwork is removed and fixed higher, arranging the next row. The last layer is leveled, the horizontal level is measured for the correct installation of floor panels. After removing the formwork, the seams between the layers should be freed from concrete smudges, leveled and plastered.

The concrete prefabricated garage is mounted according to the type of constructor on the prepared foundation with the help of a truck crane. The elements are connected by brackets, bolts or welding. The kit includes detailed assembly instructions, with which you must carefully check and mount the plates in the specified order.

The seams between the panels and the connecting elements are minted with cement mortar.

Roof

Let's talk about some of the nuances that you need to pay special attention to when installing a roof.

Gable garage roof covered with corrugated board

So:

The monolithic garage is covered with reinforced concrete slabs, and the material of the walls and the area of \u200b\u200bthe garage must be taken into account.
If the walls are made of concrete, then continuous covering panels can be laid.
For weaker walls, hollow slabs are used. For example, a 6 by 6 foam concrete garage simply cannot withstand the weight of a monolithic slab, the material of the walls under pressure will gradually begin to weaken, and there may be a risk of roof collapse.
Mount the panels on the cement mortar.
Plates are laid with a slope of at least 3% for water to drain.
The gaps between the roof panels and the location of the mounting loops are sealed with mortar or filled with foam (the excess of which is cut off after setting), the surface of the plates, if necessary, is leveled with a screed.
Before starting roofing work, the roof is dried and dust-free.
The panels are covered with rolled material: roofing felt, technonicol, etc. Works are carried out in accordance with the instructions for laying welded roofing.
Alternatively, the roof can be covered with ondulin, soft tiles (see), profiled sheet and other roofing materials.

floor in the garage

Both in a monolithic garage and in a prefabricated one (if the floor slab is not included in the kit), the flooring is poured using the following technology.

The base is leveled and well rammed.
A layer of sand or fine gravel 10 cm thick is laid and also compacted tightly.
Waterproofing is being laid, the role of which will be perfectly performed by two layers of film, roofing felt, technonicol and other rolled materials. The edges of the material are brought to the wall by 15 cm.
If a concrete garage is equipped with heating in the future, then it will be rational to insulate the floor so that the heat is not wasted and the legs do not get cold. Insulation is placed on the waterproofing - polystyrene foam, mineral wool and so on.
To strengthen the coating and protect against destruction and cracking, a reinforcing mesh of reinforcement with a diameter of at least 14 mm and a step of 10–15 cm is mounted.

Important! The mesh reinforcement must be protected by concrete on all sides. To do this, “legs” are attached to the mesh from the bottom side, which will allow the mixture to penetrate under the reinforcement. The protective layer is made at least 3 cm thick.

Compensation gaps are equipped along the walls and around protruding structures; foam plastic 5 cm thick can be used for their construction.
Concrete is poured with a slope of 2-3%, directed towards the gate. The thickness of the coating varies between 7-15 cm and depends on the requirements for the floor.
To make the base strong and monolithic, it is recommended to lay the mixture at a time.

After the concrete has completely set, you can proceed with additional decorative flooring: cover with a polymer composition (see), paint with concrete paint, lay tiles or make a self-leveling floor. The main thing is that the surface is made in a non-slip version.

Gate to the garage

The function performed by the garage door is to protect the doorway from the entry of unauthorized persons and theft of the car, as well as to keep warm in winter. Therefore, they must be strong, reliable, safe for the owner, tightly closed and easy to open.

Several types of gates are installed in a concrete garage:

Rollback.
Swing.
Lifting and turning.
Roller shutters.
Sectional.

Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. If the garage is located in a garage cooperative or in a country house, then ordinary swing gates are in special demand, as the simplest, most proven and reliable option.

All other types are appropriate near the house when the garage is monitored, as they have poor resistance to breaking and entering.

Conclusion

We told you step by step what types of work will have to be done when installing or building a concrete garage. If the chain "project - garage - concrete" is followed correctly and consistently, all recommendations and instructions are carefully followed, then as a result you will get a reliable, durable shelter for your car.

Thematic photos and videos presented in this article will clearly demonstrate some of the nuances of construction and help you understand complex issues.

Types of concrete garages, their pros and cons

Buildings are divided into:

Precast concrete buildings, which are built from blocks or wall panels and floor slabs. You can purchase ready-made sets of garage plates, they are lighter, but no less reliable designs.

To date, manufacturers offer, factory-cast into a single design. Such a garage is delivered to the installation site and tightly mounted on the foundation.

Monolithic reinforced concrete buildings erected from concrete poured into reinforced formwork. The work is carried out using a small concrete mixer: for the construction of a standard garage, an apparatus of 0.5–1 m3 will be enough.

Benefits of a concrete garage

So:

Reliability. The walls of the garage will protect the car from the weather and intrusion.
Durability. The garage will last for decades, as it is built once and almost forever.
Environmental friendliness. All materials used do not contain substances hazardous to human life and health.
Frost resistance. Concrete is not subject to destruction from exposure to low temperatures.
Fire resistance. The material is not afraid of high temperatures and retains its operational properties even when in contact with open fire.

Disadvantages of a concrete garage

Stages of the technological process of building a garage

Foundation

Tape shallow foundation for a garage

So:

A monolithic or prefabricated garage without a basement is placed at a height of 40–60 cm and a width of 25–30 cm.
Reinforcement is carried out with reinforcement with a diameter of 12–14 mm.
The tape should protrude above the ground by at least 10 cm.
The surface of the foundation is waterproofed with a layer of roofing material or other rolled material to cut off moisture from the walls.

Walling

A monolithic, reinforced garage is built using formwork, it is placed on a foundation with a distance between the elements equal to the thickness of the walls.

If there is no factory formwork, then various improvised materials can be used:

plywood.
Boards.
Metal sheets.

The seams between the panels and the connecting elements are minted with cement mortar.

Roof

Let's talk about some of the nuances that you need to pay special attention to when installing a roof.

Gable garage roof covered with corrugated board

So:

The monolithic garage is covered with reinforced concrete slabs, and the material of the walls and the area of \u200b\u200bthe garage must be taken into account.
If the walls are made of concrete, then continuous covering panels can be laid.
For weaker walls, hollow slabs are used. For example, a 6 by 6 foam concrete garage simply cannot withstand the weight of a monolithic slab, the material of the walls under pressure will gradually begin to weaken, and there may be a risk of roof collapse.
Mount the panels on the cement mortar.
Plates are laid with a slope of at least 3% for water to drain.
The gaps between the roof panels and the location of the mounting loops are sealed with mortar or filled with foam (the excess of which is cut off after setting), the surface of the plates, if necessary, is leveled with a screed.
Before starting roofing work, the roof is dried and dust-free.
The panels are covered with rolled material: roofing felt, technonicol, etc. Works are carried out in accordance with the instructions for laying welded roofing.
Alternatively, the roof can be covered with ondulin, soft tiles (see), profiled sheet and other roofing materials.

floor in the garage

Both in a monolithic garage and in a prefabricated one (if the floor slab is not included in the kit), the flooring is poured using the following technology.

The base is leveled and well rammed.
A layer of sand or fine gravel 10 cm thick is laid and also compacted tightly.
Waterproofing is being laid, the role of which will be perfectly performed by two layers of film, roofing felt, technonicol and other rolled materials. The edges of the material are brought to the wall by 15 cm.
If a concrete garage is equipped with heating in the future, then it will be rational to insulate the floor so that the heat is not wasted and the legs do not get cold. Insulation is placed on the waterproofing - polystyrene foam, mineral wool and so on.
To strengthen the coating and protect against destruction and cracking, a reinforcing mesh of reinforcement with a diameter of at least 14 mm and a step of 10–15 cm is mounted.

Important! The mesh reinforcement must be protected by concrete on all sides. To do this, “legs” are attached to the mesh from the bottom side, which will allow the mixture to penetrate under the reinforcement. The protective layer is made at least 3 cm thick.

Compensation gaps are equipped along the walls and around protruding structures; foam plastic 5 cm thick can be used for their construction.
Concrete is poured with a slope of 2-3%, directed towards the gate. The thickness of the coating varies between 7-15 cm and depends on the requirements for the floor.
To make the base strong and monolithic, it is recommended to lay the mixture at a time.

After the concrete has completely set, you can proceed with additional decorative flooring: cover with a polymer composition (see), paint with concrete paint, lay tiles or make a self-leveling floor. The main thing is that the surface is made in a non-slip version.

Gate to the garage

Several types of gates are installed in a concrete garage:

Rollback.
Swing.
Lifting and turning.
Roller shutters.
Sectional.

All other types are appropriate near the house when the garage is monitored, as they have poor resistance to breaking and entering.

Conclusion

Thematic photos and videos presented in this article will clearly demonstrate some of the nuances of construction and help you understand complex issues.

It can rightly be called the leader in terms of durability among garages - no structures made of foam blocks, profiled sheet or wood are able to stand for as long as a concrete “box” will stand. In addition, they are built faster than buildings brick or cinder blocks.

And before typical designs monolithic concrete garage, assembled by oneself, compares favorably with the ability to independently determine the size and area of \u200b\u200bthe building.

As for the shortcomings, the main disadvantage of building concrete garages is impossibility of restructuring, disassembly and transfer to another place. If you made a home for a car from concrete, then you made it “seriously and for a long time”, and you won’t take it with you when moving, and to expand the garage, you first have to demolish the old one.

Second disadvantage reinforced concrete buildings is that for their construction you will need to rent heavy equipment, allocate a lot of space on the site for storing building materials and concrete slabs (if you decide not to fill the garage with concrete, but assemble it as a constructor).

When does it make sense to build it?

Construction of a garage concrete do-it-yourself is a laborious and rather complicated task, so you need to understand how much you need it and how often you will use it.

If it is intended for the site where your house is located and where you permanently live, there are no questions, you need to build it.

If you decide to make it in a summer cottage, where you come only for the summer (and then not for all), then you need to correlate the expenditure of effort, time and money with the benefits received.

Perhaps, for a summer cottage, it would be more rational to build a shed garage or a prefabricated garage.

As for the choice of a place for a monolithic building, it is advisable to put it separately from your home. First of all, this is due to the technology of building a concrete garage - it will be inconvenient to make it an extension. In addition, outwardly it will differ significantly from a house made of other material, which is not very good from the point of view of aesthetics.

Weight reinforced concrete building capable of accommodating a car can reach from 15 to 25 tons, depending on the size, availability of a basement and space for a second car. Given this fact, it is worth paying great attention to preparing the soil and, since the load on them will be considerable.

By the way, you don't have to do monolithic concrete garage independently - there is always the opportunity to order a finished design from one of the manufacturers. Or, alternatively, build a garage with concrete slabs purchased from a precast concrete factory.

Standard concrete panels can have a length of 4 to 6 meters, a height of 2.3-2.6 meters and a thickness of 80-120 millimeters. They form walls, put a panel with an opening for the gate on one side, install a concrete slab that serves as a roof, and that's it - the garage is ready and you can start your car in it!

But we are still wondering how to do concrete garage with your own hands. Let's consider this process in detail.

Stages of construction

The first item on the list of things needed to build a garage - development of a detailed plan, which will take into account the dimensions of the future building, foundation, roof and everything else. Careful planning and taking into account all the nuances in advance will save you from annoying mistakes in the construction process.

In this case, you need to first make them, and only then proceed to everything else. At the same time, be sure to make waterproofing, drainage in the cellar and inspection pit - this way you will significantly extend the life of the building, protect the car from corrosion and prevent the products and things stored in basement garage.

Next, a trench is dug to fill the garage. concrete and installation of formwork and support posts.

The depth of the trench should be at least 30 cm, and preferably up to half a meter.

The bottom of the trench should be carefully tamped and the edges aligned.

Then recesses are made for the installation of support posts, which will serve as the basis for the frame, giving reinforced concrete walls strength and durability.

It is desirable to achieve the same depth of recesses; this can be done using a template plug made of concrete. When installing supports, achieve their vertical position using a level. Also make sure that the top ends of the racks are at the same height.

Don't forget about waterproofing. In order to prevent rainwater from washing away the building, concrete blind areas and rainwater drainage (more commonly referred to as "stormwater") should be made along its perimeter. If earlier on your land or in neighboring areas the groundwater is relatively shallow, do it under the foundation using wells.

After installing the supports, you need to do "pillow" from a mixture of sand and gravel. With a trench depth of 0.5 meters, its thickness in compacted form should reach 15-20 cm. Now you can install formwork, the material for which boards or plywood can serve. The formwork frame is made of timber. Don't forget to fill in floor garage, preferably using steel bar reinforcement.

Internal width formwork should be equal to thickness future walls. How thick walls concrete garage? Their minimum thickness should be 80 mm, optimal 100-150 mm. In the middle, between the sheets of the outer and inner formwork, a grate of steel bars is laid, which will serve as reinforced frame. Horizontal bars of reinforcement are welded to the support posts.

Now the main stage of building a monolithic garage begins - pouring walls. The space between the formwork is filled with concrete, which should be well compacted from above (especially at the corners) and leveled. As soon as the bottom layer of the walls dries, we remove the formwork from it and install it higher, repeat the operation with pouring concrete in the garage until the walls are fully erected.

How to cover a concrete garage? If you are planning a roof concrete, then it is done in the same way as the walls, but at the bottom for the formwork you will need supports made of logs or a very thick beam. They should be spaced often enough to prevent collapse future ceiling.

Otherwise, it is necessary to install longitudinal beams in pre-prepared recesses, lay boards and roofing material on them for waterproofing. On top of this "pie" tiles, slate or corrugated board are laid - the roof is ready.

In order for a monolithic garage to be warm in winter, it also needs thermal insulation. The latter is often made using polystyrene or other similar material. It is attached to the walls with the help of a special solution, a plaster mesh is glued on top of the foam plastic.

For heating the resulting premises can be used radiators connected to a centralized network or to an electric boiler. An alternative to batteries can be water or electric convectors.

The final stage of construction is external and. To do this, you can use plaster, both ordinary and its color options. If you love wood, then from the inside a monolithic garage can be sheathed with clapboard. How to paint concrete walls in a garage? Better to use acrylic facade paints. And outside, if you are not constrained by funds, the building can be finished with decorative stone.

Properly built monolithic concrete garage will become a reliable shelter for your car for many decades. It is possible that even your children and grandchildren will put their cars in it.

Useful video

Watch a video on how to pour concrete into a garage: