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Technical data sheet and instruction manual

"Popov's Boiler" heating solid fuel gas generating thermochemical principle of combustion

Type TEUo and TEUk (Thermal Power Plant of the thermochemical principle of combustion)

TEUo - heating

TEUK - combined (heating and hot water supply)

Congratulations! You have purchased a unique product!

"Popov's boiler" is equipment for heating a water or air coolant. It is used for emergency heating and in heating systems for various premises of any size, for drying lumber, agricultural products, heating greenhouses, greenhouses, steam rooms, baths, saunas and much more. A distinctive feature of our equipment is environmental cleanliness during operation, cost-effectiveness, simplicity of device, ease of controlling the temperature of the coolant, long-term operation of the unit on one tab of fuel, ease of maintenance, durability and omnivorousness. In addition, fuel procurement costs are significantly reduced, and the amount of ash when working on solid fuel (even on coal) does not exceed 5%.

ECOLOGY. The exhaust gases are completely free of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (CnHm), which indicates the complete combustion of fuel in the CHP, and dangerous mycotoxins (such as benz-(a)-pyrene C¹ºH¹²) are also completely oxidized. It is quite possible to burn chipboard waste and car tires in our plants, but for this it is necessary to make the appropriate settings.

INSTALLATION. It is recommended to install the boiler no closer than 1 meter from walls and combustible surfaces (wood, wallpaper, etc.), at a minimum distance from the existing chimney (if any), and the free distance in front of the firebox must be at least 1.25 m • The distance to combustible surfaces can be reduced to 200 mm if combustible materials are covered with 25 mm thick plaster or metal sheet over a layer of thermal insulation material.

ATTENTION! MAKE SURE THAT THE INJECTOR HOLE 6 IS NOT CLOSED BY ANYTHING! OTHERWISE YOUR BOILER WILL NOT WORK IN GAS GENERATOR MODE!

ATTENTION! IN THE EVENT OF INSTALLATION OF THE "POPOV BOILER" IN THE PREMISES OF ORGANIZATIONS OR LEGAL ENTITIES, THE INSTALLATION OF THE BOILER MUST BE SUPPLIED BY THE ACT TO THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE FIRE PROTECTION.

FOUNDATION. For fire safety purposes and to improve the performance of the device, it is recommended to install the boiler on a base made of bricks, slabs, stone, or other non-combustible material, lifting the boiler above the floor (for example, on bricks, placing them under the boiler from four sides). In front of the furnace there must be a metal sheet measuring 500 x 700 mm, with the wide side facing the boiler.

CHIMNEY.

ATTENTION! Condensate is formed inside the chimney, so the chimney must be arranged in such a way that the condensate glasses in the boiler (T. E. The chimney pipes should be included in the boiler's pipe, and not to wear on top and throughout the chimney each subsequent knee should be included in the previous one).

Chimneys can be made of brick or metal pipes. The wall thickness of brick chimneys is at least 120 mm. The wall thickness of a metal chimney must be between 1 and 1.5 mm if the chimney is not insulated and at least 1 mm if the chimney is insulated. 1-1.5 mm have time to warm up and the formation of condensate is insignificant, if the chimney is thicker than 1.5 mm, then it does not warm up and condensate forms in large quantities. The distance from the outer surfaces of brick chimneys to rafters, battens and other parts of the roof made of combustible or slow-burning materials should be provided in the light of at least 130 mm. Insulated metal chimneys must be insulated with mineral wool, expanded clay or similar materials (capable of withstanding temperatures up to 300 C). º ) with a thickness of at least 80 - 120 mm. Chimneys should be placed in places convenient for the consumer inside or outside the building. It is allowed to place the chimney in fireproof walls.

ATTENTION! YOUR CHIMNEY PIPE MUST ALWAYS BE ABOVE YOUR HOUSE RIDGE. IF THE ROOF IS FLAT, THE PIPE MUST RAISE 0.5 m ABOVE IT. OTHERWISE WIND WINDING OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS MAY BE POSSIBLE INTO THE ROOM WHERE THE BOILER IS LOCATED.

The boiler chimney must not have horizontal sections longer than 1 m.

The chimney must be tight (when using metal pipes, the joints must be sealed with a non-combustible sealant). To clean the chimney, an opening with a door can be provided in its base.

In attic spaces, it is not allowed to install cleaning holes in chimneys. Before the start of the heating season and every three months during the entire heating season, the chimney should be checked: if necessary, with cleaning it from ash and soot deposits.

Revision cover 7 is used to remove caked tarry condensate. It is formed as a result of thermochemical reactions inside the device. It is recommended to open the lid once a month and, if necessary, to remove the formed condensate.

ATTENTION! INSTALLATION OF ADDITIONAL VALVES (“views”, dampers) IN THE CHIMNEY IS FORBIDDEN!

The metal pipe must be fastened inside the ceiling in order to avoid pressure from the mass of the pipe on the boiler.

6. Operation of the "Popov's Cauldron"

ATTENTION! UNDER CORRECT OPERATION OF "Popov's Cauldron", ITS SERVICE LIFE IS UNLIMITED!

After installing the boiler, make sure that the joints of the smoke channel are tight and that there is draft. To do this, a strip of thin paper or a candle flame is brought to the open door of the firebox. Their deviation towards the furnace indicates the presence of traction. Also check for draft at the injector opening.

KINDLING. Before ignition, fully extend the small tubes of oxidizers 3 and put them side by side, set the outer gate 1 to the fully open position, slide the handle of the inner gate 5 into the boiler. Then, using paper and wood chips, melt the installation. To speed up the process of kindling the fuel, you can slightly (2-5 cm) pull out the cover of large pipes of oxidizers 2. After you have melted the boiler, close the door of the combustion chamber 4 and pull out the handle of the internal gate 5.

Using the handle of the internal gate 5, you will not allow gas generator gases to enter the room. It is only necessary to open the boiler by first pushing the handle into the boiler. After closing the door, the handle must be pulled out of the boiler to improve thermochemical reactions inside the device.

ADJUSTMENT. After the fire has flared up, you lay the main fuel, trying to fill the volume of the lower chamber as much as possible. AFTER THE MAIN FUEL IS FIRED (15 to 20 minutes), CLOSE OUTER VALVE 1 AT LEAST 45 DEGREES FROM ITS LONGITUDINAL POSITION. Thus, you allow the thermochemical process to proceed more fully and with greater heat transfer to the coolant, and not to the environment. The damper position, which provides the best economic indicators of heat transfer, is individual for each room, the height of the chimney and the type of fuel. The higher the chimney, the greater the draft and, as a result, the damper can be closed more than 45 degrees from the longitudinal position. Only in this mode the boiler has maximum efficiency and heat transfer.

After the boiler has heated up the entire room, you can set the desired temperature with small pipes of oxidizers 3 by pushing them into the boiler. The room temperature depends on how much oxygen passed through the oxidizer will react with the fuel (and not on the amount of fuel in the boiler), so the device will maintain the room at exactly the temperature that you set until the fuel runs out. With completely closed small oxidizing pipes 3 and the position of the external gate 1 more than 45 degrees from its longitudinal position, the boiler will operate in the most economical mode, while releasing the minimum possible amount of heat for it.

"POPOV'S BOILER" UNIQUE DEVICE. IT CAN WORK THE WHOLE HEATING SEASON WITHOUT STOPPING.

It is enough to put new fuel on smoldering coals and switch the boiler to the open mode, i.e. pull out the lower pipes of oxidizers 3 and open the external gate 1, wait until the fuel flares up (15-20 minutes) and switch the boiler back to the operating mode (install the external gate 1 by 45 degrees, push small pipes of oxidizers 3 almost completely into the boiler).

If you notice that your boiler has started to work worse (draught has weakened - the fire barely burns with the small oxidizer pipes 3 fully open), just clean the boiler from excess ash. Remove the large oxidizer tubes by the cover of the large oxidizer tubes 2. Shake out the ash. To do this, turn the pipes with the welded ends up. If the openings supplying air to the boiler are clogged with ash, pierce them with a sharp object. The ash that remains in the boiler, let it remain there. Put everything back in place. Large oxidizer pipes can be cleaned even when the device is running. Depending on the humidity of the fuel, it is recommended to clean them once every 1 to 7 days, the higher the moisture content of the fuel, the more often to clean them. Ash at the edges of large oxidizer pipes is recommended to be removed if it has accumulated so much that its layer is higher than the diameter of large oxidizer pipes. But even in this case, it is necessary to leave part of the ash as a catalyst for thermochemical processes.

In order to extinguish the boiler, it is necessary to set the external damper 1 to the transverse (closed) position, push the small pipes of oxidizers 3 completely into the boiler - the fire in the device will slowly go out.

For a quick exit to the working mode of coal, peat and sawdust, it is recommended to first prepare a coal cap. That is, first kindle firewood and let them do it, then lay coal, peat or sawdust on them.

If you want to shorten the kindling process as much as possible, it is recommended to use forced ventilation (for example, with a vacuum cleaner) or to transfer these types of fuel with firewood.

TO AVOID SMOKE INTO THE ROOM WHERE THE BOILER IS LOCATED. BEFORE OPENING THE DOOR OF A BOILER ALREADY WORKING IN THE THERMOCHEMICAL MODE, ALWAYS FULLY PUSH INTO THE BOILER THE SMALL OXIDIZER PIPES 3 FULLY OPEN OUTER VALVE 1 AND Slide INTERNAL VALVE 5 INTO THE BOILER. Only after that, slowly open the door, add fuel, and then return the dampers to their original position.

STAGES:

1. The first ignition of the fire:

· Make sure there is traction;

Lay dry wood chips on top of paper in the form of a hut (about ½ of the volume of the combustion chamber);

· Push small pipes of oxidizers 3 into the boiler as much as possible;

· Push the internal gate 5 into the boiler;

· Completely open the outer gate 1;

Set fire to paper

· Close the door;

· Pull the handle of the internal gate 5 out of the boiler.

After 15-20 minutes:

2. Adding main fuel:

· Fully push the small pipes of oxidizers 3 and the cover of large pipes of oxidizers 2;

· Insert the inner gate 5 into the boiler;

· Carefully, in order not to let smoke into the room where the boiler is located, open the door of the combustion chamber;

· Put the main fuel (you can tightly clog the entire combustion chamber);

· Close the door;

· Pull out the small pipes of oxidizers 3 (you can slightly push the cover of the large pipes of oxidizers 2 by 1-5 cm);

· Pull the handle of the internal gate 5 out of the boiler;

· Give the boiler the opportunity to enter the operating mode (5 - 10 minutes);

· Wait until the temperature of the coolant rises to the desired level, and switch the boiler to economy mode. At the same time, it should be taken into account that after switching the boiler to economy mode, the temperature of the coolant will rise by another 15-20 Cº (for example, if you want the boiler to work at 80 degrees, then you must switch it to economy mode by 60 - 65 degrees).

3. Switching the boiler to economy mode:

· Fully press the cover of the large oxidizer pipes 2 to the boiler;

· Fully push the small pipes of oxidizers 3 into the boiler;

· Set external gate 1 to 45 Cº;

4. Adjusting the temperature of the coolant:

With the help of small pipes of oxidizers 3 and external gate 1, you can achieve the desired temperature of the heat carrier by pushing and pushing the small pipes of oxidizers and changing the angle of rotation of the external gate. It is recommended to use both regulators synchronously, taking into account the initial position of the economy mode:

The lower pipes of the oxidizers 3 are fully pushed into the furnace. The outer gate 1 is rotated 45 degrees from its longitudinal position.

It should also be taken into account that excessive opening of the external gate can lead to an excess of air in the afterburning chamber and, as a result, to a decrease in the efficiency of the boiler.

ASH. Ash formation is negligible. It is not necessary to completely remove it from the boiler. REVERSATELY FOLLOW. THAT THERE WILL BE ASH AROUND THE LARGE PIPES OF OXIDIZERS WITH A LAYER OF 0.5 - 5 CM, this is necessary for the normal gasification of the fuel.

During the operation of the "Popov's boiler" it is PROHIBITED:

· melt the boiler with flammable or combustible liquids (to avoid leakage and fire);

Use liquid and gaseous fuels as fuel (if your boiler is not equipped accordingly);

use firewood, the length of which exceeds the size of the firebox;

· dry shoes, clothes and other items on the parts of the boiler;

· remove soot (which was formed as a result of improper operation of the boiler) from the chimney by burning;

remove ash and coal from a hot boiler;

Operate the device in the kindling mode;

Operate the device with the furnace door open;

7. Fuel

"Popov's boilers" are omnivorous!

As fuel, you can use wood (with a moisture content of up to 80% or more), any coal (if your boiler is equipped with grates), shale, peat, sawdust, etc. solid organic matter. If your boiler is equipped with the appropriate burners, it can operate on gas (natural or liquid), diesel and other liquid fuels (including waste oil and fuel oil).

Wood with a moisture content of 20 - 30% burns much longer and with greater heat transfer in the form of thick logs the length of the entire combustion chamber.

Coal, peat, sawdust can be laid directly on the "coal cap". However, in order to reduce the ignition time of the boiler when operating on the above types of fuel, it is possible to transfer coal, peat or sawdust with firewood or use forced air supply to the boiler through oxidizers.

8. Product transportation

It is necessary to transport the "Popov's Cauldron" in a vertical position, in closed vehicles, avoiding moisture on the surface of the product, bumps and tilting.

9. Warranty

The average service life of the boiler is at least 10 years - no visible restrictions have been identified.

1) The manufacturer guarantees trouble-free operation of the boiler, provided that the consumer observes the rules of operation and transportation for 1 year.

3) The manufacturer is not responsible and does not guarantee the normal operation of the boiler in the following cases:

Non-compliance with the rules of transportation, installation, operation, maintenance and care of the boiler.

Applications as fuel combustible and flammable liquids.

The absence of the stamp of the selling organization.

Boiler design features

Popov boiler assembly kit

Fuel tank.
Apparatus for welding.
Bulgarian.
Rectangular pipes 6x4 cm.
cement mortar.
Bricks.

First step

Second phase

Third stage

Fourth stage

Fifth stage

Successful work!

Video - Popov's pyrolysis boiler

svoimi-rykami.ru

Do-it-yourself Popov long-burning boiler drawings, installation

Using the pyrolysis effect is the reason for the emergence of a new type of long-burning boilers. Outwardly, they are similar to traditional solid fuel models, except for the presence of an additional combustion chamber. One example of the improvement of heating equipment is the Popov pyrolysis boiler, which runs on wood fuel.

Design features, characteristics

The essence of pyrolysis is the decomposition of organic substances during smoldering, with minimal access to oxygen. As a result, volatile combustible gases with a high calorific value are formed - hydrogen, carbon monoxide, ethylene, methanol. They are also the main source of heat.

The basic design of the Popov boiler includes the following elements:

Fuel chamber located at the front. Loading is carried out through the top hatch, ignition - through a small side door. It is possible to increase the volume of fuel by installing an additional block.
Burning chamber. It has an L-shape, the entrance to it is located under the fuel compartment, behind the grate. The main combustion area is at the rear of the structure.
A damper that regulates the volume of air inflow. It is connected to a mechanical thermostat.
Heat exchanger. It has a spiral shape, located at the back.
Pipe for connecting the chimney.

Popov's boiler in the context is not difficult. Its design is similar to traditional "mine" models. Innovative solutions - the possibility of increasing the fuel chamber, a spiral heat exchanger. In some models, an indirect heating tank can be connected.

To control the combustion process, the following components are provided in the design:

Pipes of oxidizers. Required to control the flow of air into the afterburner. Adjustment occurs by changing the position of the lower flap.
Upper gate. Limits the removal of carbon monoxide gases through the chimney.
Silencers. Designed for maintenance of equipment, prevent the ingress of combustion products into the room.

These are the main features that Popov's solid fuel boiler has. Additional information - the gas combustion zone is made of heat-resistant steel 10 mm thick. This affects the cost upwards, but significantly increases the energy resource of the equipment.

The principle of operation, the nuances of setting

Unlike standard solid fuel models, you need to know how to heat Popov's boiler correctly. It is recommended to use bulk fuel - sawdust, wood shavings. Their mass creates the required pressure on the pyrolysis zone, the density does not allow the gas to rise up.

Loading fuel, checking the tightness of the top cover.
Ignition of logs, the lower damper is maximally open.
After the flame is formed, air access to the fuel chamber is limited.
During the combustion of pyrolysis gases, the temperature of the water in the heat exchanger is controlled.

At the first stage, it is important to ensure good traction. The top gate must be fully open. After 20-30 minutes of operation, it can be partially closed. If combustion products enter the boiler room, the gate is opened again.

Installation rules, basic requirements

The correct installation of the Popov pyrolysis boiler begins with the choice of the installation site. It is recommended to equip the boiler room, the rules are set out in SNiP 42-01-2002. They make natural and forced ventilation, the material for finishing walls and floors in the installation area of heating equipment is not combustible. Fuel is stored in a separate room.

Additionally, specific requirements are taken into account:

Insulated chimney for Popov's boiler. The reason is that the temperature of carbon monoxide gases at the outlet is low - up to +140°C. This causes the formation of condensate and its flow into the afterburner. It is recommended to use sandwich chimneys, between the galvanized walls of which basalt wool is installed.
The length of the chimney is from 4 m. This is necessary for the formation of traction.
Service. Periodic cleaning of the heat exchanger is required, removal of soot from the inner surface of the gas combustion zone. The doors are located at the rear of the case. Access to them must be free.

When connecting an indirect heating tank, the length of the lines is minimal. This will reduce heat losses during transportation of the coolant.

Difficulties of self-production

The high cost of heating equipment is one of the negative factors. You can try to make a long-burning popov's boiler with your own hands - drawings and assembly procedures are partially available on the Web. In practice, this is problematic - there are no exact diagrams with the dimensions of equipment components. Only the grade and thickness of the steel used is known.

During the design and manufacturing process, you may encounter the following problems:

Due to the high temperature of the pyrolysis gases, the walls of the afterburner are made of refractory steel 10 mm thick. It is difficult to weld a similar design at home with tightness.
The dimensions of the channel for the removal of gases relative to the volume of the fuel block. They directly affect the power, but only the equipment designer knows the correct ratio.
Serpentine heat exchanger. For its manufacture, it is required to bend steel pipes, which can lead to thinning of the walls. With prolonged exposure to temperature, this will cause depressurization.

For self-manufacturing, you can consider alternative options for pyrolysis boilers. As an example, the scheme of the NEUS-T model is often used. It is characterized by ease of assembly, the presence of a turbine to control the air supply.

prokotlyi.ru

The principle of operation of the Popov boiler. Technical characteristics and design features. Consumer reviews

TEU (thermochemical power plants) "Popov's boilers" are equipment for heating a coolant - water or air.

Heating occurs due to thermochemical processes of converting solid fuel into a gaseous state, followed by combustion of these gases.

This equipment is used for heating in emergency situations and in heating systems for premises of various sizes and purposes - living rooms, saunas, baths, greenhouses, greenhouses, for drying agricultural products and lumber.

Popov's boiler can work as a gas, coal, wood-burning apparatus, as well as a waste disposal device.

Principle of operation

The operation of this heating equipment is based on the principle of pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) of solid fuel.

In the process of fuel combustion, under the condition of limited air access, combustible components are formed that have a high calorific value. These are methane, methanol, hydrogen, ethylene, carbon monoxide, pyrolysis resin. The process of decomposition of solid fuel occurs in the temperature range of 200-3500C. Volatile products of pyrolysis are transported to the afterburner, in which, with a sufficient amount of oxygen, they are completely burned with the release of a significant amount of heat. Heat is transferred to the coolant through the heat exchange surfaces.

Attention! The receipt of additional thermal energy and the burning process extended in time increase the duration of burning on one tab.

A CHP-based boiler house does not need smoke exhausters, since there is enough draft to remove the combustion products, which is provided by a properly arranged chimney.

Popov's pyrolysis boiler with mechanical adjustment of the coolant does not depend on the power supply. It can maintain the required temperature with an accuracy of half a degree. Fuel is put into the installation once or twice a day, which is determined by the volume of the loading chamber.

Attention! Due to the absence of carbon and tar in the exhaust gases, the chimney pipes retain a smooth surface, which protects them from the accumulation of soot. Cleaning the heat generator can be carried out by any handyman in combination with other work.

Ash can be removed from the unit even during operation, and it is not necessary to remove it completely. Around large pipes of oxidizers, ash is specially left in a layer 5-50 mm thick, which serves as a catalyst for thermochemical processes.

The operation of the Popov heating plant can be stopped at any time using the control system.

The design of the Popov pyrolysis boiler

Popov's heating unit consists of two chambers: the lower one - pyrolysis and the upper one - the afterburning chamber for pyrolysis gases.

The afterburner consists of two sections separated by a horizontal partition. The unit is equipped with three controls:

Small oxidant pipes located under the door regulate the power of the heating plant by changing the oxygen supply to the pyrolysis chamber.
The upper damper, located on the upper branch pipe of the heat generator, is designed to control the performance of the unit by changing the rate of flue gas removal.
A damper is located in the center in front of the unit, which prevents flue gases from entering the room.

Above the combustion chamber there is a secondary air supply unit for afterburning pyrolysis gases. The block contains swirlers that evenly distribute the heated air throughout the entire volume of the chamber.

In the process of movement of flue gases to the exit, their intensive heat exchange with the coolant takes place, which makes it possible to reduce the temperature of the combustion products to 1400C.

Attention! To reduce the heat loss of the unit, a water jacket and an outer heat-insulating layer are used.

The thrust required for the operation of the TPP is provided by a chimney, the length of which is at least 7 m. At the same time, the horizontal section should not exceed one meter. The top point of the chimney must be at least 300 mm above the roof peak, which will prevent flue gases from blowing into the room. The flue pipe throughout the area in contact with the external environment must be insulated. To clean the chimney, a hole with a door is provided below.

If a storage tank for water is connected to the system, then the installation of a three-way valve is desirable. This will allow the coolant to move in a small circle through the storage tank, which increases the temperature of the coolant at the return pipe inlet to the unit. Increasing the temperature of the heat carrier in the return pipe allows you to extend the life of the heating installation.

As an energy carrier for this heating equipment, all types of solid organic fuels, the humidity of which does not exceed 65%, including all types of coal and peat, can be used. There are also modifications with gas burners that provide operation with main or liquefied gas.

Reviews about Popov's boiler are very diverse - both positive and negative. Therefore, before purchasing such equipment or its self-manufacturing according to the drawings, it is advisable to consult with the users of this unit. Representatives of the official manufacturer of TEU "Popov's Boilers" NPP "Ultrazvuk" LLC claim that fakes may appear on the heating equipment market that are not capable of providing the declared characteristics.

kotel-otoplenija.ru

Popov's pyrolysis boiler

high consumption of fuel materials;
low efficiency;
the need to constantly maintain combustion;
abundant smoke.

An alternative to similar devices is Popov's solid fuel boiler, based on the use of the pyrolysis effect. What does this mean? The design of the combustion chamber of this device is made practically sealed, i.e., the access of oxygen to it is strictly limited. It is no secret to anyone that oxygen is necessary for a full-fledged combustion process, otherwise it simply will not occur. Based on this factor, the minimum air intake into the combustion chamber is still provided. However, its amount is so negligible that full-fledged combustion does not occur. Instead, there is a procedure of slow smoldering of solid fuel. Heat transfer in this case has significantly lower rates than with full-fledged combustion of materials. But due to its design, this difference is almost imperceptible.

Popov's stove contains one secret embedded in its design. It consists in the re-combustion of exhaust gases. What does this mean? During the slow decay of wood, which is the main fuel element used in this stove, a significant amount of smoke is released, which contains some unused fuel. It is he who is redirected to the next compartment, where he is reused. As a result of this process, it is partially burned and the heat transfer of the entire device is increased. Remains of double-processed fuel are discharged outside through the chimney. Ultimately, the Popov furnace gives excellent performance with a relatively small consumption of solid fuel. All these factors make it possible to single out and structure the advantages of this device over other similar devices. They look like this and in the best possible way characterize the qualities of this furnace:

low fuel consumption;
increased efficiency;
low rates of smoke formation;
long combustion time of the fuel material.

As for the device of a similar furnace, it is quite straightforward. This is one of her main secrets, allowing you to assemble the Popov oven with your own hands. The schematic diagram of this device contains a clear drawing, according to which its creation can be carried out as soon as possible. This furnace consists of the following components, which together form a unique functional product, characterized by high qualities of heat generation and distribution. The set of parts from which the furnace itself is formed looks like this:

base;
the combustion chamber;
secondary chamber;
chimney.

Four basic elements make it possible to create a magnificent product that is the benchmark for solid fuel stoves.

The sturdy base serves as the lower part of the primary combustion chamber, into which the solid fuel is directly loaded. It is usually made of thick-walled metal, which has maximum strength characteristics. The combustion chamber itself is reproduced on top of the base. It is practically no different from the designs of any other similar devices, with the exception of the exhaust gases that do not enter the chimney, but into the recycling chamber located one level above the primary compartment. There it is processed, and its residues are discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney.

sdelaypechi.ru

Popov's boiler is modern and productive equipment, on the basis of which you can build a complete air or water heating system. During the operation of the boiler, the loaded solid fuel undergoes a number of thermochemical processes, decomposing into solid and gaseous parts. Subsequently, the gases are also burned, which makes fuel consumption as efficient as possible.

Popov's boiler is perfect for heating rooms of various purposes and dimensions. Almost any solid fuel is suitable for the firebox. If necessary, such a boiler can even be used as a waste disposal unit. A lot of detailed diagrams and intelligible instructions are freely available, guided by which the heating unit in question can be assembled with your own hands.

The mechanism of action of the Popov boiler

The operation of the boiler in question is based on the principle of pyrolysis. In the furnace compartment of the unit, conditions for reduced air access are created. As a result, the fuel does not burn, but slowly smolders. In parallel with this, various gaseous combustible components with a very high calorific value are formed.

Loaded fuel decomposes at about 200-350 degrees. The resulting gases are directed to the afterburner compartment. There is already enough air in this chamber, which allows the gases to completely burn out and release a lot of heat. The resulting thermal energy is fed to the coolant.

Pyrolysis boilers in general and the Popov boiler in question in particular are very productive and cost-effective equipment. Such units are able to operate on a single fuel load much longer compared to other existing heating equipment.

The boiler room based on Popov's homemade boiler will not have to be equipped with smoke exhausters, because. The products of combustion will be sufficiently removed by means of a chimney. The equipment in question is equipped with a system of mechanical control of the coolant, which makes the unit independent of the power supply.

Popov's boiler is characterized by high accuracy - the temperature can be set with an accuracy of half a degree. It is enough to lay fuel 1-2 times a day. The specific frequency depends primarily on the size of the loading chamber.

There are no tar and carbon in the exhaust gases, which makes it possible to assemble the chimney from pipes with smooth inner walls. Soot on them still will not accumulate. Design features allow you to clean the unit without any difficulty. If necessary, the chimney is disconnected from the main part of the system and all units are cleaned in a convenient way.

Popov's boiler can be cleaned of ash without even stopping its operation. At the same time, it is not necessary to remove all the ash. A layer of ash should remain near large pipes, having a thickness of the order of 1-5 cm. It will act as a catalyst for the thermochemical processes occurring in the boiler.

Boiler design features

1 - exhaust pipe damper (external gate) 2 - cover of large oxidizing pipes 3 - small oxidizing pipes 4 - combustion chamber door 5 - internal gate 6 - injector opening 7 - revision cover 8 - condensate drain pipe 9 - supply and return pipes 10 - water drain pipe 11 - safety group pipe boiler12 - exhaust pipe flange

The unit itself is assembled from 2 main chambers. The pyrolysis process takes place in the lower chamber, and the resulting pyrolysis gases are burned in the compartment installed at the top. The upper section is additionally divided into 2 sections using a horizontal partition.

The boiler is equipped with regulators in the amount of three pieces, namely:

small pipes. These elements are installed below the boiler door. These oxidizer pipes are needed to change the power of the heating unit by changing the volume of air supplied;
top slider. This element is placed on the upper heat generating branch pipe. Allows you to adjust the main characteristics of the boiler by changing the speed of smoke removal;
central slider. Mounted on the front of the unit. Thanks to this device, smoke in the boiler room will be prevented.

A block is installed above the fuel combustion compartment, through which secondary air enters the chamber, which is necessary for the afterburning of pyrolysis gases. The design of this block includes swirlers, thanks to which the most uniform distribution of heated air throughout the chamber space is ensured.

The flue gases move towards the exit from the chamber. At this stage, there is a very intensive transfer of their heat in favor of the coolant used. As a result, the combustion products cool down to about 140 degrees.

Additionally, the boiler is equipped with an external heat-insulating layer and a special water jacket. Thanks to these devices, it is possible to reduce heat loss.

The recommended length of the flue pipe of the Popov boiler is 700 cm. When using a shorter pipe, a deterioration in draft will be noted. Try to keep the length of the horizontal section of the chimney no more than 100 cm. The "street" part of the pipe must be insulated. At the bottom of the chimney, make a hole with a door. Through it, you can conveniently clean the structure as it becomes clogged.

If desired, a storage tank for water can be connected to the boiler. In this case, it is recommended to install a three-way valve. Thanks to him, the coolant will be able to pass in a smaller circle through the tank, due to which the water temperature at the return inlet to the unit will increase. This will help increase the life of the Popov boiler.

The considered heating unit can use a wide variety of types of coolants for operation. In general, any solid fuel of organic origin is suitable. The main thing is that the moisture content of the raw materials should be no more than 65%. Peat and coal are also suitable.

Modifications of boilers equipped with gas burners are available for sale, through which you can set up the operation of the unit using liquefied or main gas. However, it is better to refuse self-assembly of the gas modification of the boiler, because. This is a very responsible job that requires high qualifications. The slightest mistake can lead to life-threatening situations.

In the case of self-assembly, it is best to give preference to the classic solid fuel variation of the Popov boiler.

Do-it-yourself Popov boiler assembly manual

In the household, it is most profitable and rational to use pressed sawdust for firing the Popov boiler. This is a relatively affordable fuel, one load of which is enough for a much longer time when compared with other common coolant options.

Do-it-yourself boiler assembly is carried out in a few simple steps. However, first you need to thoroughly understand the operation of the equipment, then it will be much easier to assemble it.

Raw materials are put into the furnace in several layers, each of which is carefully compacted. The denser you compact the raw materials, the higher the efficiency of the unit will be. Even an ordinary stove will heat much more efficiently if it is loaded with carefully dried firewood, let alone Popov's pyrolysis boiler.

The simplest version of such a boiler is in many ways similar to an ordinary potbelly stove. However, the home-made unit in question, unlike a potbelly stove, can operate on one load of fuel for half a day, or even a whole day! The duration of operation depends on the volume of the loading chamber and the characteristics of the fuel used. If desired, such a boiler can be used not only for heating the house, but also for smoking various meat products.

Before starting work, collect all the accessories necessary for assembling the boiler so that in the future you will not be distracted by their search.