The production of building materials today is a fairly profitable industry. This is due to the high demand for everything related to the construction of buildings. All developers are trying to use proven materials and introduce new technologies that will be less costly in cost and more practical to use.
Despite the huge range of building blocks, wood concrete has also become very popular. Its production technology depends on the conditions under which it is manufactured. The material itself has excellent performance properties and characteristics.
What is arbolite?
This is a building material that is produced in the form of blocks. They have a certain size and composition. Due to the fact that natural raw materials are used in its production, it has excellent technical characteristics.
Methods for the production of wood concrete blocks
Wood concrete manufacturing technology can be applied:
- in factory production;
- in home production.
Raw materials for the production of wood concrete
Wood concrete manufacturing technology is characterized by the use of certain materials:
- concrete grade 400 or 500;
- chemical additive;
- organic filler.
There are some guidelines for choosing raw materials. For example, you need to buy concrete that is made on the basis of a binder. Higher strength concrete can also be used. Liquid glass, chloride or organic fillers are used as a chemical additive: crushed cotton stalks, crushed rice straws and much more.
Arbolite, which is distinguished by the use of certain means, may have a different one. For example, blocks having a density of less than 500 kg / m 3 are classified as heat-insulating wood concrete. And those that have a density of more than 500 kg / m 3 already belong to the group of structural blocks.
Accordingly, the first version of wood concrete is most often used for construction, but from the second, load-bearing wood concrete structures are built.
Material manufacturing steps
The manufacturing technology of wood concrete consists of several stages:
- preparation of a certain amount of organic aggregate;
- work on soaking wood chips in a solution of calcium chloride;
- dosing of certain components of wood concrete;
- direct production of blocks.
Organic Aggregate Preparation
Any production of building materials is characterized by the preliminary preparation of all the necessary raw materials. The wood in the bars is crushed and formed into certain piles. They must be put under a canopy and kept at an optimum outside temperature of +15 ... +25 degrees for about 1 month. After that, the wood is crushed in special equipment into chips.
Only such action must be approached responsibly. Wood chips have their own specific fraction. The quality of the arbolite mixture depends on it. A sliver with a size of 10-20 mm characterizes a fractional composition of 70%, 5-10 mm is already referred to as a 30% fraction.
Soaking wood and preparing calcium chloride solution
The chips obtained during crushing must be soaked in water. The temperature of the liquid must be at least +20 degrees. The entire soaking process lasts up to 6 hours. All these actions help to increase the strength of wood concrete blocks. It is necessary to constantly monitor the filling of wood with water. The humidity of the obtained raw materials should be no more than 30%.
After this time, a pre-prepared calcium chloride solution is poured into the liquid tank. The foaming agent is sent to the same container.
Dosing of the components of the future building material
An important stage, which the wood concrete manufacturing technology has, is the correct dosing of all components. It is on this that the quality of arbolite blocks and its strength index depend. The dosage of crushed soaked chips should take into account the moisture content of the raw material. All ingredients are weighed and dosed according to certain established parameters (GOST). You can use special equipment for this process. It should be borne in mind that it is quite expensive, and in the conditions of non-commercial production, it is not advisable to buy it.
Block making process
It is necessary to prepare specialized equipment for wood concrete. At the stage of mixing the ingredients, it includes concrete mixers and other devices that can qualitatively mix high-density mixtures and bring them to a certain consistency.
An important role is played by the order of bookmarking the components. Initially, prepared wood chips are poured. Then - cement. After that, water and chemical fillers are poured. They can be interchanged in production. Who will be comfortable. Only the supply of all liquids should be passed through a special flow meter.
It is necessary to pre-make molds for blocks. As a rule, they are wooden, and the sizes can be any. Inside it, linoleum is laid out around the entire perimeter. It will make it possible, after the mixture has hardened, to freely pull the block out of the mold. Also, its surface is coated with a special agent.
Quite often, a vibrating table is used at home for the manufacture of wood concrete blocks. It allows you to evenly distribute the mixture. After that, the forms filled with the composition are exposed under a canopy and are there until completely solidified. In some cases, certain additives are used to help reduce the curing time of the cement composition.
Which is made at home, can only be carried out after a certain period, usually after 14-20 days. During this time, the blocks will completely harden, dry and be ready for laying.
For the construction of houses, builders use various types of blocks that ensure the stability and environmental cleanliness of buildings. Wanting to reduce the estimated cost of construction, developers produce some block materials on their own. One of these building materials is wood concrete blocks, which are based on wood waste and Portland cement. The technology for the production of wood concrete at home requires the preparation and observance of certain conditions to ensure the hydration of cement. Let us dwell in detail on the nuances of manufacturing.
Features of wood concrete blocks
The operational properties and scope of use of wood concrete are affected by:
- composition of the material;
- the recipe used;
- production technology.
Made from high-quality raw materials and in compliance with the technology, wood concrete has a set of serious advantages:
- strength. The strength characteristics of the material allow it to maintain integrity, perceiving the acting loads from the elements of the structure;
- frost resistance. Arbolite blocks are able to retain their properties after repeated freezing cycles with further settling;
Arbolite is a building material made from sawdust, shavings, Portland cement and chemical additives.
- reduced thermal conductivity. Walls made of wood concrete maintain a comfortable temperature in the living space, reduce heat loss;
- soundproofing characteristics. The arbolite array absorbs external noise, providing soundproofing of the room;
- ease. Due to the reduced weight, the load on the base of the building is reduced, which increases the duration of its operation;
- harmlessness to others. The building material is made from environmentally friendly raw materials, does not adversely affect people's health;
- long service life. Buildings can safely operate for 4-5 decades;
- ease of use. The building material is easily drilled, cut, and also plastered without the use of additional meshes, the proportion of reinforcement;
- cheapness. Lightweight blocks are made from inexpensive ingredients, which can significantly save on pouring the base.
In addition, due to wood chips being the main ingredient, the material is easy to process. It is easy to screw screws and hammer nails into it. Due to these advantages, the material is popular with developers.
For a complete picture of the properties of building materials, consider the weaknesses. :
- significant size deviations. They are subject to higher tolerances. Manufacturers use molds that differ in size. Due to the different sizes of products, the consumption of the plaster mixture increases;
The material, thanks to the harmonious combination of the best properties of stone and wood, will serve faithfully for many years.
- structural failure at elevated temperatures. In the event of a fire hazardous situation, the wood concrete does not ignite for a limited time, but when heated, the wood chips smolder, and the material gradually loses its integrity;
- increased hygroscopicity. Unplastered wood concrete walls are quickly saturated with moisture. To use the blocks, it is necessary to carefully waterproof the base of the building, as well as to perform the exterior finish.
Violation of the composition and manufacturing technology of wood concrete affects the quality of products. With a reduced content of lime, microorganisms develop, and a decrease in the concentration of cement affects the strength. Builders also note the blowability of building materials, which require additional thermal insulation. The disadvantages include the possibility of a peculiar smell caused by mineralizers and chemical reagents that are part of the arbolite array.
Arbolite - composition and manufacturing technology
For self-manufacturing of products, you should choose the right composition, as well as carefully study the technology. Despite the availability of the ingredients used and the simplicity of the recipe, there are certain subtleties. Let's consider them in detail.
Applied filler
As the basis of the blocks, wood chips, shavings or sawdust, which are formed during the processing of wood, are used.
Wood concrete is perfect for the construction of residential buildings, baths, garages and other outbuildings. As you can see, the scope is quite wide.
The placeholder should be carefully prepared:
- clean from inclusions of foreign origin;
- grind to a size not exceeding 5x10x40 mm;
- dry thoroughly for three to four months;
- treated with lime mortar to prevent rotting.
Thanks to modern economical materials, building your own home no longer seems like an impossible dream. Arbolit is considered one of the most profitable and reliable options. Arbolite blocks combine the best characteristics of stone and wood. They can really be made by hand at home without the help of professional craftsmen.
Properties of wood concrete blocks
Arbolite is lightweight concrete with large pores. The production technology provides that it contains an organic cellulose filler (rice straw, wood chips, reed cut), a mineral binder (M500 cement), water and chemical additives - plasticizers, steel corrosion inhibitors, steam generators. Blocks are used during the construction of residential, industrial buildings for covering, overlapping, creating spatial structures, bearing foundations.
This material is resistant to mechanical damage, has good vapor permeability - 0.11 mg / m h Pa. It allows you to make the consumption of materials, solution much less. it will be durable, light, cheap, protected from decay. It is important that under increased load, the products do not crack, but shrink.
Foreman's advice: replacement of brickwork with wood concrete will reduce the mass of the building by 7-8 times.
Depending on the density, wood concrete blocks are made as heat-insulating (class B0.35; B0.75, B1), structural and heat-insulating (class B1.5; B2; B2.5) and structural material (B3.5).
Advantages of arbolite blocks
- High level of thermal insulation (thermal conductivity - 0.07 - 0.17 W / mK), fire resistance (does not support combustion for 0.75-1.5 hours), frost resistance.
- Fast masonry and good density up to 600 kg/m3.
- Environmentally friendly (80-90% consists of wood chips).
- Low hygroscopicity (poorly absorbs moisture).
- No need for additional insulation.
- There is no extra load on the foundation, as the weight of the building is reduced, low shrinkage (0.4-0.5).
- The composition of the products provides good adhesion to finishing materials.
- Products lend themselves perfectly to modeling (cutting, fixing fasteners).
Foreman's advice: the cost of 1 m² of the wall of a residential building made of wood concrete will cost several times cheaper than using other materials with similar technical characteristics.
Do-it-yourself technology for creating arbolite blocks
It is quite possible to make wood concrete blocks with your own hands at home. But keep in mind that their technical characteristics may differ from those that factory products will have in accordance with GOST 19222-84, SN 549-82.
The first stage of block production is the production of sawdust, wood chips. Optimal dimensions:
- length 30-60 mm;
- width 2-10 mm;
- thickness up to 10 mm.
To neutralize sugar in wood, aluminum sulphate is used in the factory, and in our case, sawdust is dried in the sun for at least 40-80 days. To speed up the process, they are sprayed with a 1.5% solution of calcium chloride with the calculation of 200 liters of solution per cubic meter of wood chips.
Then, in order to remove debris, the workpiece is passed through a sieve. It must be soaked in a mixture of water and liquid glass (as an option: mix with Portland cement and a plasticizer). An alternative way is to soak the shavings in slaked lime (5:10%) for 3 hours. After the liquid drains, it can be used for kneading. The composition is made in a concrete mixer in a ratio of 1:2:6 (cement, sand, sawdust). First, sawdust is combined with water, then liquid glass and cement are added. The mass must be plastic and homogeneous.
In order for the blocks to have the correct geometric shape, the mixture is poured into metal molds (20 cm * 20 cm * 50, 30 cm * 20 cm * 50 cm), lubricated with petromine, upholstered with linoleum or covered with a film and lubricated with liquid soap. Masters advise laying out the mass in stages, each time, tamping the layer well.
The solution after placing in the mold is shaken to eliminate air. It will save time and improve the result at home using a special machine for wood concrete blocks. One side of the block can be decorated: pour cement mortar on top, fix tile fragments, create a relief. After a day, the products can be removed from the mold. Then the blocks must be dried for several weeks at a temperature of at least 15 ° (this is an important condition). If the surface has flaws, it is additionally polished. If necessary, reinforcement is carried out. fluctuate from 50 to 200 rubles. a piece.
Wood concrete is one of the best wall materials for the construction of low-rise buildings, the construction of high-rise buildings of a frame structure. The recipe for its composition is not very complicated, and if the process technology and the required proportions are observed, the products will turn out to be durable and reliable, even if they are made by hand.
Video
Room.
Staff.
Marketing research
.
Advertising.
Sales of products.
Investments
Payback.
Arbolite production technology.
Arbolit or, as the people say, “sawdust concrete” is made from cement, sawdust (wood chips or straw), sand by mixing them into a solution and naturally drying the material in special forms. To increase the strength of the manufactured blocks / bricks, they are subjected to shrinkage on a special vibrating machine.
It is thanks to its operational qualities that Arbolit has gained such popularity as an affordable, inexpensive building material. At first glance, the simple manufacturing technology of such a building material is tempting from the point of view of starting a business. However, you should always remember that any business consists of many little things, without which it is impossible to achieve a successful result. Therefore, the selection of raw materials in this production plays an important role. For example, the sand must not be “washed” so that the blocks do not shrink during production.
Cement is purchased last and stored in sealed packaging until the very beginning of production, because it is very hygroscopic and even being in a dry room without moisture, it will absorb it from the air and will not be suitable for production if it stays a little time in the open air. And finally, wood chips (straw, sawdust). Rather, its condition and size. If the plant component is wet, then such negative processes as rotting, decomposition, insects, etc. will develop in such a “brick”.
About the size, it should be said that the smaller the size of sawdust (chips, straw), the stronger such a brick can be after drying. By the way, this is its positive feature - it slightly restores its shape after a mechanical shock, and also does not crack. After all, the smaller the particle sizes in such a material, the more of them will fall into the volume of such a brick, and thereby the area of the seized surface between the components will increase. To summarize the above a little, it turns out that the size of such particles should be as fine and small as possible, and they should be very dry.
An alternative option to reduce the moisture content of the organic component is to use lime. Organics are kept in solution for several days. This option is economically justified only in small-scale production, or in production “for oneself”, and does not allow reducing costs and overheads. For serial production of wood concrete blocks, it is necessary to additionally have a special machine for the production of chips and drying.
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location for production.
A huge role in choosing a place for production is played by the location of sources of raw materials and their availability. Such production belongs to the class of raw materials and energy-intensive, therefore, for a successful start on the market, such components as sand, wood chips (sawdust, straw) ideally should not have a “shoulder” of delivery, or the “shoulder” should be very small. Be free whenever possible. Free sand mining in district centers or near villages is not uncommon.
And you can take ready-made sawdust from a sawmill, where they are production waste. If some of the components are missing or difficult to access, then you need to take a more balanced approach to choosing a place for future production. When choosing, an ideal place should be considered a small regional center (where there is cheap labor) located on a forest terrace (where there are deposits of ordinary free sand), or next to a sand pit and a working sawmill (for access to sawdust), a convenient transport interchange (for delivering blocks and transportation of cement with lime). If the construction of a microdistrict is planned nearby, the construction of private houses is underway, then there is every chance for a successful business project.
If you have decided on the choice of the future place of production, you should think about the very organization of the technological process.
Organization of business - workshops for mini-production of wood concrete.
Attention! We recommend starting your own business for the production of wood concrete blocks, not on your own, but under a franchise! Since there are many pitfalls in this business, on which you will leave more finances and psychological fatigue than with the support of professionals with a promoted brand!
If the business is planned not as a one-time business, but as a long-term business, a production facility should be considered. From its construction ideology, the placement of the production line, the supply, storage of raw materials, storage of finished products will be built. The requirements for the production premises are as follows: insulated non-residential premises up to 5-6 meters high and 25 by 10 meters in size. The bunding of the room can be made with mineral wool or foam plastic to maintain the optimum temperature (up to 15-20 degrees Celsius) in the winter. This is necessary for uniform drying of the finished brick blocks.
Glazing of the room should be at the level of 5-7% of the area of the fence (the total area of all walls). Must have at least two lock chambers: for receiving raw materials and shipping finished blocks and one entrance / exit for personnel. An easily assembled hangar, an old brick shed, a cowshed can be adapted for production, as long as they meet the above requirements.
The room must have a protected (grounded) 380 volt power supply line that can “withstand” several three-phase electric motors that operate simultaneously. This requires laying the appropriate section of electrical wiring for at least three / four consumers (electric motor). Due to the increased fire hazard (the presence of drying, dry chips or sawdust with straw), the premises must comply with the fire safety category of type A or B. That is, be equipped with special sensors against ignition, automatic fire extinguishing.
It is recommendatory in nature to place a button to call the fire brigade of the Ministry of Emergency Situations in case of fire. Also, in especially dangerous places, the room is equipped with fire hydrants and fire extinguishers (foam and acid). In the work area of the personnel, the room is equipped with a special vestibule lock, which, in the event of a fire, cuts off the open flame and allows the personnel to leave the room.
Each machine, as well as in general, the entire production line is responsible for one production task. Each machine can be made by hand to reduce the cost of the production process and facilitate operation. However, for large series, such a line is not suitable due to low production capacity.
Let's dwell on each in more detail.
Chip cutter.
A chipper or an industrial chipper (straw, sawdust) is a drum chipper, in the drum of which several tool steel knives and so-called hammers are installed on the axis for automatic supply of raw materials for grinding (old boards, branches, wooden slabs, etc. ).
The knives and hammers themselves are surrounded around the perimeter by a special perforated inner drum, through which the finished chips are spilled. The outer drum made of sheet steel serves as protection against spillage and scattering of wood chips. The drum is mounted on a frame with a three-phase electric motor and a belt drive with a starting device (start button and a set of capacitors). After the initial preparation, the chips are dried either naturally or in a special dryer.
Dryer for wood chips.
Drying is the second operation after the chipper to prepare the chips for the finished condition. The high performance characteristics of the wood concrete block depend on its quality. Visually, drying is a double drum with a diameter of about 2 meters. The outer drum is perforated and warm air is supplied through it for drying from a heat gun through a flexible non-flammable sleeve or asbestos pipe. The inner drum rotates and mixes the chips, and also prevents ignition from the flow of warm air. The volume of drying allows for one day shift to prepare (dry wood chips) for 90-100 blocks of wood concrete. The higher the consumption of the heat gun (optimally up to 3 kW), the faster the drying process will take place.
Mortar mixer.
The mortar mixer is next in the production cycle. The mortar mixer for the production mixture of arbolite is a cylindrical vat with a lateral vertical loading system for the components of the arbolite solution and a lower system for unloading the prepared mixture.
An engine up to 5 kW is located vertically above the mortar mixer with a gearbox with a small reduction ratio (optimally 20:3, 10:1.5) and a system of blades (vanes) mounted on them for mixing the mixture. The volume of the vat is calculated based on the required production capacity of the day shift. Mini production means batches of up to 500-1000 pieces. finished wood concrete blocks in one shift. For such a volume, a vat of up to 5 cubic meters is required.
Depending on the density (brand) of wood concrete blocks, the raw mixture is prepared in the following proportions. Wood concrete density grade 5 (density 300-400 kg / cubic meters). By volume, the composition of the mixture: one part of cement, sand is not added, sawdust - 15 parts by volume, lime 1.5 parts. Wood concrete density grade 10 (density 600-700 kg / cubic meters). By volume, the composition of the mixture: one part of cement, one part of lime, 1.5 parts of sand, 12 parts of wood chips. Wood concrete density grade 15 (density 900-1100 kg / cubic meters).
By volume, the composition of the mixture: one part of cement, 0.5 lime, 2.5 parts of sand, 9 volume parts of sawdust. Wood concrete density grade 25 (density 1200-1300 kg / cubic meters). By volume, the composition of the mixture: one part of cement, lime is not needed, 3 parts of sand, 6 volume parts of sawdust. In all brands of finished wood concrete, water is added in such a way that the consistency of the solution is brought to the level of "sour cream", as the people say. Therefore, for each case, the volume of water is first selected experimentally on an experimental series, and then measured according to the finished volume.
Forms.
The molding dispenser of arbolite bricks is a replaceable form for filling the volume of such a "brick". The form itself is made of steel with handles on the sides and upholstery inside the form (film, linoleum at worst) and removable top and bottom covers. The form may look like several “bricks” in several rows, and their number in the form directly depends on the volume of production.
Vibrating table.
The size of the vibrating table also depends on the size of the molding dispenser.
The vibrating table is a steel table commensurate with the dimensions of the dispenser, which is spring-loaded and connected to the frame (the main heavy table). A three-vane motor up to 1.5 kW is mounted on the frame, on the axis of which an eccentric is mounted (a load with a displaced center of gravity). When turned on, systematic vibrations of the upper part of the table occur. Such manipulations are necessary for better shrinkage of arbolite blocks in the solution molds and the exclusion of mechanical and external shortcomings of the blocks after removal of the mold. Drying blocks.
Drying for finished blocks of wood concrete is necessary for the speedy drying of the blocks and their presentation. The dryer itself should be located after the dryer for chips, from which hot exhaust air would come. In summer, it is enough to use an open area for drying near the working room under a roof or a canopy from the rain.
Bunker for cement and sand.
Bunkers for cement and sand are made of cold-rolled sheet in the form of conical square or rectangular containers with a narrowing at the bottom for supplying raw materials to the supply lines.
Raw material supply lines are needed for the convenience of work and are a conveyor with a rubber belt. The length of the tape overhang is set based on the conditions and dimensions of the production line.
Staff.
Recruitment of personnel to work with the production line. One unskilled specialist is capable of producing 90-100 raw blocks per day shift on the production line. Therefore, if a small volume of production is expected, then it is enough to hire one hired worker. Which will sequentially perform production operations. If the production volume is more than 100 blocks per day, three to five hired workers should be hired. All employees are required to take firefighting training courses and know how to behave in case of fire in a hazardous workplace.
Marketing research.
Marketing research starts before production. Market research for finished products begins with the selection of the so-called target audience. Or in other words - to whom we will sell.
Wood concrete is not suitable as a material for large construction sites due to the low compression characteristics of this product, as well as due to the small amount of products produced. Arbolit and its production are carried out on the basis of the corresponding GOST. However, GOST can be modified to meet your higher requirements for finished products in order to gain a competitive advantage.
To gain an advantage over competitors, you should think about the production of wood concrete blocks that do not require plastering. And immediately lay in the blocks raw materials for production along with plaster or a special block around the entire perimeter, which will prevent the penetration of moisture. The second direction can be the simultaneous coloring of blocks in the form of multi-colored paint at the request of the customer, or to make several special forms with an ornament and simultaneous coloring. A promising direction for the use of wood concrete can be winter greenhouses.
Wood concrete will perfectly fit into load-bearing walls, floors, arched structures of greenhouses. Due to its excellent thermal insulation properties and low price, wood concrete can easily compete with traditional building materials.
The main target audience for which such blocks can be offered are private traders who build their own houses, small contractors that carry out the construction of cottage villages and eco-houses. Not limited to the target audience of residential buildings, the production of SAFs (small architectural forms), quickly erected shops, sheds, farms, etc. should also be present in marketing research.
As a rule, such people are very well versed in the intricacies of construction, and private traders are quite well-read and informed from construction forums. Therefore, a person who will offer such a specialized material should be able to explain the advantages of wood concrete blocks, their benefits over other materials (high mechanical performance properties, heat resistance), and most importantly, the price.
It is the price, along with quality, that sometimes plays a paramount role, especially if you take into account the target audience of buyers, which belongs to the economy class. The price should be at least 15-20% (and preferably more up to 35-40%) lower than the same class of building material. To achieve this price, it is necessary to reduce overhead costs and the cost of finished products. Here, the prices and costs of raw materials, which were mentioned above, come to the fore.
When calculating the advantages of wood concrete, it is necessary to calculate the heat losses of a wall insulated with foam plastic, mineral wool or other insulation and a similar wall of wood concrete without additional costs for insulation. Skillfully and intelligibly explain to potential customers the difference and benefits between a wet and ventilated facade. Arbolite must be additionally plastered - this imposes additional operating costs.
Perhaps a good marketing ploy would be to sell such blocks at cost. The purpose of such sales is to recruit customers with ready-made houses from wood concrete.
The accumulation of finished wood concrete houses will lead to an increase in the popularity of such material. After all, a ready-made warm house and a good customer review sometimes cost more than the widest advertising. And "word of mouth", communication through specialized forums has not been canceled.
Advertising.
To date, there are several problematic issues related to advertising. And it is the right advertising company that can solve these issues. Firstly, wood concrete or wood concrete blocks still have a low ability to be recognized by the population. Therefore, the advertising campaign should start from scratch and be directed to the general public. It may be worth building a small advertising house/cottage on the territory of the exhibition or expo center. If funds allow, make several such houses and transport them from one place to another.
Send advertising booklets and product examples to all nearby supermarkets within a radius of at least 100-200 km and agree on the conditions for distributing your products. At first, trade even at zero. Come up with a catchy advertising slogan, for example: "arbolit is not an aibolit, I'm used to winning in everything." Conduct several demonstration performances with amateurs on advertising. It is worth considering a dealer network or using the services of local marketers throughout the country. Use standard dealer advertising and promotion programs in the field.
Separately, it is necessary to develop the direction of trade via the Internet. The online store opens up opportunities to trade with the whole country, even without local representation. Here, only the solution of the issue of transport logistics for the delivery of blocks directly to the construction site or to the place indicated by the client is important.
The second problematic issue is the impossibility of producing arbolite blocks in large volumes, at the beginning of the article an alternative way to reduce the cost of such blocks by reducing the cost of raw materials is indicated, a good advertising company can indirectly help in this matter.
The third issue is the low competitive supply in the production line market. It is precisely because of the small number of promotional offers and the undeveloped production base (namely, fully automatic lines without human intervention) that there is no possibility of a sharp reduction in the cost of blocks.
And finally, the fourth problem is a sufficient weighty initial investment to advertise this business project.
Sales of products.
At first, it is better to organize sales of products via the Internet on specialized sites, forums, or your personal specialized website. And do not start production until at least one order is received, otherwise it will be a waste of money and finished products will not be in demand. As orders are loaded, it is possible to organize a small warehouse of finished products and hire either a railway wagon for transportation (with a shoulder of more than 500 km) or a truck (with a shoulder of up to 500 km).
If it is initially planned to sell through a dealer network, then warehouses with finished products should be organized at each dealer. In order to promptly meet the needs of customers. However, this way significantly increases the size of investments in this kind of business project.
Investments and payback in mini production.
Investments.
Direct investment in the production of wood concrete, the lion's share is spent on the production line. The price of the middle line for the production of wood concrete ranges from 50 thousand rubles to 500 thousand. This price does not include adjustment, delivery and installation of this equipment, which will cost another 50 to 100 thousand rubles.
For the full operation of the production line, it is necessary to have a supply of raw materials for more than 1 month of operation, based on the requirements for products. Spending on raw materials at current prices is at least 600 thousand rubles. You can save on raw materials if you deliver it in the form of waste (sawdust, wood chips) or make it yourself.
Nowadays, energy prices are growing every day, for this reason, when building a house, the issue of heat and thermal insulation comes to the fore.
At the moment, there are different technologies to insulate the structure.
For insulation of buildings use different external or internal.
But many issues are resolved at the construction stage, in the event that building materials that have good thermal insulation qualities are used during the construction of the building.
In this article we will tell you how to make blocks with your own hands.
Arbolite used to be used very often in the construction of buildings, but over time this material was forgotten and in our time not all developers know that such a building material exists.
Not so long ago, this material again became in demand and began to appear on sale in hardware stores or markets. But if it is not possible to purchase such material, then you have the opportunity to make it yourself.
So, let's analyze what it is, wood concrete and what its advantages are.
Compound
Also, these substances can cause fermentation processes in finished blocks, which leads to the formation of voids, swelling of the surface, and the like. To remove the effects of negative substances, they are neutralized with a solution of calcium chloride, aluminum sulfate or "liquid glass", and in order to neutralize the biological life in the material, it is treated with an antiseptic.
The next step in the manufacture of wood concrete blocks is the addition of binder ingredients to the chip mass. Various plasticizers are also added to the mass. Next, the resulting mass is sent for molding.
Forming technology can be different, for example, pressing or compaction on a vibrating stand. After the forms are filled, they are sent to the drying area. At the drying site, future blocks are dried for two days at a temperature of 60 degrees.
After drying, if necessary, the blocks are mechanically modified and only then the finished blocks are sent to the warehouse for storage and sale. The number of components is not exact and therefore it can be within certain limits, it will depend on the specific products and their purpose.
If it is necessary to manufacture large-sized products from arbalite, then their additional reinforcement and the installation of technological embedded plates and rigging loops are used.
Do-it-yourself arbolite blocks
The number of small-scale production of arbalite blocks has recently grown significantly and this building material has increasingly begun to appear on sale.
But such blocks can be made with your own hands. And so what is needed for the production of wood concrete blocks with your own hands.
Necessary materials and inventory
Manufacturing process
The stages of production of wood concrete blocks are described below.
Wood pulp preparation
It is cleansed of dirt, dust and earth.
The wood needs to be cleaned of dissolved sugars, for this the wood can be kept in the open air for three months.
But it is best to treat the wood with a 1.5% solution of calcium chloride (200 liters per 1 m³ of wood). In this solution, the wood is kept for up to three days with regular stirring.
But the second processing method is only suitable for conifers. You can still process wood with "liquid glass", but this substance degrades the quality of the finished blocks.
Before starting the next stage of work, wood chips must be treated with lime mortar. After all, the solution completely neutralizes the chemical process in the tree and gives the tree antiseptic properties.
Wood shavings are soaked in a solution of slaked lime (5 to 10%) for three hours, then the shavings are thrown onto a sieve in order to glass the water. After that, raw wood is used to prepare a concrete-particle mixture.
Making a mixture
Prepare a mixture for the formation of blocks.
Water and wood chips, and liquid glass (no more than 1%) are loaded into the concrete mixer. When the mass is in the form of a liquid slurry, add a little (M-400) and increase the amount of water. Proportions: we take four parts of water to four parts of wood shavings and three parts of cement.
After adding all the components, the solution is stirred until a homogeneous mass, the mass should be plastic and at the same time crumbly. If the mass is compressed in a fist, it should hold its shape.
molding
At the end of the day, the formwork is removed or the dried blocks are removed. Blocks are placed under a canopy for drying and hardening. This process takes approximately two or three weeks, depending on the humidity and temperature of the air.
A properly organized process, with sufficient availability of molds and all the necessary mechanisms, will allow you to make manually up to 80-100 blocks per day.
This can ensure the smooth process of building a house. Well, here in this article we described how to make wood concrete blocks with our own hands. We hope that this article was useful to you. Good luck!