How to define a verb in an indefinite form. What is the indefinite form of the verb

Instruction

You can determine the infinitive by the question. Find a verb and ask a question to it. If this is a verb in an indefinite form, then it will answer the question “what to do?”, “what to do?”. For example, grow, bake, flood, breed, lie down.
There is always a soft sign at the end of such verbs.

It is difficult to distinguish the infinitive from the personal form if the word is written in transcription. The record of the finals of these forms is the same: [tutor "itsa] (studies) - [tutor" ita] (studies). In this case, pay attention to , the vowel before [-ca] or the context where you can ask a question. If this work is not feasible, then both forms are appropriate.

The indefinite form of the verb is included in the compound nominal predicate. In this case, the sentence contains two heterogeneous verbs. To determine which of them is the infinitive, you need to designate the grammatical basis. The predicate will consist of two verbs. The one that contains the lexical meaning is the infinitive, it needs a soft sign. So, in the sentence "Students will be able to work out additionally" the predicate "will be able to work out." And the indefinite form is "to work out."

The indefinite form of the verb can act as secondary members of the sentence. In such cases, it can be determined by following the logic of reasoning. Ask a question of the indirect case from the predicate to the infinitive. If possible, then in this case it is an addition. For example, in the sentence “The coach told us to do a warm-up”, the word “do” will be an object (said what?). In this case, reason like this: the action indicated in the verb “ordered” is performed, and others will perform it. So this is not a predicate, because it is simple.

Circumstances expressed in the indefinite form of the verb most often answer the questions “for what purpose?”, “For what reason?”. In the sentence “I came to the gym to train”, we ask the question “I came for what purpose?” to the infinitive.
By definition ask a question from . In the sentence “I am fluent in the ability to play the guitar”, the infinitive is -: the ability (what?) to play.

Infinitive, or indefinite form of the verb

A verb in its initial or indefinite form is called an infinitive. The infinitive always answers the question "what to do?" or "what to do?" It is never possible to ask questions in relation to the initial form: “what is she doing?”, “what will she do?”, “what will she do?”, “what did she do?”, “what did she do? " etc. That is, the infinitive, by definition, has a minimum number of morphological features.

Examples. The verb "go" answers the question "what to do?". Accordingly, it is a verb in an indefinite (initial) form, or an infinitive. However, the verbs “goes”, “will go”, “go” answer the questions “what is he doing?”, “what will he do?”, “?”. These verbs already have morphological features - persons, numbers and tenses - and are not infinitives.

Another example. The verb "write" answers the question "what to do?" and is an infinitive. From this initial form, verbs are formed in the past and future tenses, first, second and third persons, singular and plural: “wrote”, “wrote”, “”, “”, “will write”.

In other words, the verb in the infinitive is always the zero (indefinite) form, from which you can always form different forms of the same word in different persons and numbers. This process is called conjugation.

What features of the verb can be determined by the initial form

If the infinitive is the initial, zero, indefinite form of the verb, is it possible to determine any signs of this part of speech, or morphological signs, from it? Yes, you can define constants, signs of the verb.

Firstly, according to the indefinite form, it is possible to determine the types of the verb - perfect or. The imperfective verb in the initial form answers the question "what to do?" and denotes an unfinished action. For example, “walk”, “”, “sing”, “”, etc. The perfective verb in the infinitive answers the question "what to do?" and denotes a completed, finished action. For example, “walk”, “read”, “sing”, “compose”, “fly”, etc.

Secondly, by the infinitive you can determine. There are two conjugations - the first and the second. The first conjugation includes all verbs that in the infinitive end in -et, -at, -ut, -ot, -t, -yt, and a few exception verbs in -it. The second conjugation includes most of the verbs in -it, as well as some exception verbs in -at, -yat and -et.

Lesson topic: "Indefinite form of verbs."

It is called indefinite, because neither time, nor number, nor person, nor gender of the verb can be determined from it.

Listen to the poem, find the verbs.

It's good, friends, to walk

On the trail with a backpack.

It's great to jump across the field

Riding a horse.

It's also nice to take the express -

flashes in the window there is a meadow and a forest.

Slide good for the waves

On a sea ship.

But it's better to race in the sky

On a steel liner. (I. Kholin)

Walk, jump (what to do?),

sit down (what to do?),

slide (what to do), rush (what to do?).

Verbs in the indefinite form answer the question what to do? or what to do? This is the initial form of the verb. Its peculiarity is that neither time, nor number, nor person, nor gender are determined by it.

Verb flicker(what will he do?) is used in the form of the future tense, singular, 3rd person. You will learn to identify the face of verbs in grade 4.

Find out Pushkin's fairy tales, from which excerpts were taken, and find in them verbs that are in an indefinite form. How do you distinguish them?

Verbs in the indefinite form answer the question what to do? or what to do?

The mirror property had:

It speaks well...

“You, queen, are sweeter than all,

All blush and whiter.

And the queen laugh

And shrug your shoulders

And wink your eyes

And snap your fingers...

The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Bogatyrs.

Verbs in the indefinite form:

what to do?

talk

laugh

shake

wink

snap

Tsar Dadon in his old age wanted

Take a break from military affairs

And make yourself calm.

Here the neighbors disturb

Became an old king

Doing terrible harm to him.

So that the ends of their possessions

Protect from attacks

He should have kept

Numerous army.

"The Tale of the Golden Cockerel".

what to do?

bother

guard

what to do?

relax

arrange

If you want, remember.

Verbs that answer the question what to do? are imperfective verbs. Verbs that answer the question what to do? are perfective verbs.

Verbs that answer the questions what to do? and what to do?, are considered different words, even if they are the same root. They differ from each other in some parts of the basis and therefore are different in meaning.

What to do?

laugh

shake

talk

What to do?

for laughing

reap

before talking

laugh - laugh

The words are distinguished by the prefix za- (the prefix za- means "to start the action").

shake(root press -) - shake(root zha-)

The verb to shake refers to an action that is performed often (repeatedly), the verb to shake refers to an action that is performed once (once).

speak - agree

The words are distinguished by the prefix do- (the prefix do- means "finish the action").

In order not to switch from one verb to another, you need to follow the prefix in the question.

1. Put a question to the form of the verb and find out if there is a prefix C in the question - or not.

2. Ask a question of indefinite form with or without the prefix C-.

3. Name the indefinite form of the desired verb.

The indefinite form of the verb most often ends in -ty or -ty(go , get out , find , carry , crawl ). Scientists have not yet agreed on how to call this part of the word. Some consider it an ending, while others consider it a suffix.

Sometimes the indefinite form of the verb ends in -chi, but these letters are part of the root:

guard - guard(root guard-, guard-), lie down - lie down(root lie-, lie down-).

In the indefinite form of verbs, if it ends in something other than -ti, it is always written ь. It is also written after the letter h (-ch) - this is the spelling for the rule: ь in the indefinite form of the verb.

Determine the tense of the verbs and find the indefinite form.

flowed- what did you do?, prosh.v., what to do?, leak(root tech-flow)

shearing- what do I do ?, present in., what to do ?, cut(root cut-cut)

save save(root shore-protect)

I will carry away- what will I do ?, bud.v., what to do ?, captivate(root attract-attract)

Vowel letters in the indefinite form of verbs before -t are most often suffixes. They can be different: -a, -e, -i, -i, -o.

If they are unstressed, then there is always a spelling in their place. These letters-suffixes cannot be determined by the rule, they can only be learned from a dictionary and memorized.

Suffix -a: hear, swim, jump, listen

Suffix -e: see, offend, depend

Suffix -i: build, iron, cook, glue, put, build

Suffix -i: bark, melt, winnow, sow

Let's find the verb in the indefinite form.

The wind is barely audible,

Linden sighs by the garden...

Sensitive music lives everywhere -

In the rustle of grass

In the noise of oak forests

You just need to listen.(V. Semernin)

What is he doing?, sings, sighs, lives- verbs in the present tense.

What to do?, listen - verb in the indefinite form.

Verbs often have a special suffix -sya or -s. It is special because it is after -Т. To distinguish it from other suffixes, scientists gave it its name - postfix ("attached after").

Form indefinite verbs using the given suffixes and prefixes.

Prefixes VZ-, ON-, PRI-, FROM-.

Roots -DREM-, -CASHL-, -DANCE-.

Suffixes -IVA-, -NU-, -YVA-, -А-, -Я-, -СЯ.

Take a nap - prefix vz-, suffix -well-,

on drowsiness - prefix on-, suffix -a,

for coughing - prefix po-, suffix -i-,

from coughing - prefix from-, suffix -i-,

dance - prefix po-, suffix -a-,

when dancing - prefix at-, suffix -yva-,

from dancing - prefix from-, suffix -yva-.

Who is eating.

The proboscis fly can only suck up liquid food. Some butterflies have incisor-like teeth at the end of their proboscis, with which they can gnaw through the peel of fruits and drink their juice! Eight flexible tentacles with suction cups help the octopus grab and hold any prey very tightly. With a long neck, a giraffe is able to reach tree shoots. A snail living in a shell is able to cut and grind food with its tongue. The spider can produce sticky silk for a web in which insects must fall. There are cobwebs with lids, then the prey cannot escape from it.

Can (what to do?) suck,

can (what to do?) gnaw and drink,

help (what to do?) grab and hold,

able (what to do?) to get,

capable (what to do?) to cut and grind,

can (what to do?) develop,

should (what to do?) get caught,

what to do? don't slip away.

During holidays.

Well early in the summer….and…to the lake. It's nice ... in the sun, ... in clear water, ... mushrooms, berries in the forest, ... birds singing. Interesting ....for the behavior of insects, ....with friends in football. It is useful ... in the garden and in the garden, ... for the elders in the household.

During holidays.

It's good in summer to get up early (what to do?) and (what to do?) go to the lake. It’s nice (what to do?) to sunbathe in the sun, (what to do?) to swim in clear water, (what to do?) to pick mushrooms, berries in the forest, (what to do?) to listen to birdsong. It is interesting (what to do?) to observe the behavior of insects, (what to do?) to play football with friends. It is useful (what to do?) to work in the garden and in the garden, (what to do?) to help the elders with the housework.

How to cook pancakes.

We need (take) half a liter of kefir, (add) a little salt, sugar and soda, (beat) one egg and (pour) into this mass, (add) flour and everything (mix). You can (bake).

Let's put the verbs in the indefinite form.

take - what do we do ?, what to do ?, take

add - what do we do ?, what to do ?, add

whip - what do we do ?, what to do ?, beat

pour out - what shall we do?, what shall we do?, pour out

add - what do we do ?, what to do ?, add

mix - what do we do ?, what to do ?, mix

bake - what do we do ?, what to do ?, oven

How to cook pancakes.

You need to take half a liter of kefir, add a little salt, sugar and soda, beat one egg and pour into this mass, add flour and mix everything. You can bake.

(What to do?) Dress or wear? These two words are often confused.

The verbs put on and put on are similar, but they have different meanings.

You can dress someone, but only put something on yourself.

So it's correct to say:

put on (something)

form

coat

shoes

dress

costume

dress (someone)

child

doll

girl

sick

baby

In the lesson, you learned that verbs in the indefinite form answer the question what to do? or what to do? This is the initial form of the verb. Its peculiarity is that neither time, nor number, nor person, nor gender are determined by it.

The indefinite form of the verb most often ends in -ty or -ty, sometimes in -ch. In the indefinite form of verbs, if it ends in something other than -ti, it is always written ь.

M.S.Soloveichik, N.S. Kuzmenko "To the secrets of our language" Russian language: Textbook. Grade 3: in 2 parts. Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
M.S. Soloveichik, N.S. Kuzmenko “To the secrets of our language” Russian language: Workbook. Grade 3: in 3 parts. Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
TV Koreshkova Test tasks in the Russian language. Grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
T. V. Koreshkova Practice! Notebook for independent work in Russian for grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
L.V. Mashevskaya, L.V. Danbitskaya Creative tasks in the Russian language. - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2003
G.T. Dyachkova Olympiad tasks in Russian. 3-4 classes. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2008

School-collection.edu.ru ().
Cdo.omrc.ru ().
Oldskola1.narod.ru ().

Read the poem. What is the main part of speech in it? Indicate in what form the words of this part of speech are used? Emphasize this form.

Don't stop me from dreaming!

I'd like a bag of candy

Expand, chew, suck,

Smack, smack, gobble,

Long, long do not swallow,

Enjoy, savor.

Put questions to these verbs. Form an indefinite form from them and emphasize the sign of the initial form.

I carried, I ran, I whistled, I drove, I cut, I searched, I drew.

Write out the verbs in the indefinite form from the poem in two columns.

What to do? What to do?

You don't have to go to your mom...

No need to beg your sister...

You don't have to call

No need to wait

It would seem, what a simple thing! But this linguistic phenomenon also has its own characteristics and even "pitfalls", which will be discussed later in this article.

Brief description of the infinitive in Russian

An infinitive verb is what we see written in a dictionary entry. It has no mood, person, number, time, that is, it does not change depending on who performs the action, since there is simply no such subject. However, such a verb still has some features - aspect (perfect or imperfect) and conjugation (first or second). In addition, it is characterized by recurrence or irreversibility, as well as transitivity or intransitivity.

How to understand that the verb is in the infinitive

To determine that a given form of a word denoting an action is actually an infinitive, you need to ask questions of the indefinite form of the verb to it. These include: " what to do?' (for example, 'read' or 'talk') or ' what to do?" (for example, "gift" or "drink"). If the verb answers them, then it is in the initial form.

In addition, there are always suffixes in: -t-, -ti-, -ch-, -st- and -sti-. It is worth noting that some linguists argue that these are the endings of indefinite verbs, since this morpheme is subject to change. However, the controversy has not subsided so far.

What is the indefinite form of the verb used for?

The Russian language is rich enough in various possibilities of using the infinitive. The indefinite form of a verb can be a subject, predicate, definition, object in a sentence, and also be an integral part of the verb predicate, express the imperative mood or the future tense. Next, we will consider each of these cases in more detail with examples.

Specific syntactic roles of the verb in the initial form

So, a verb in an indefinite form is a subject if it is somehow characterized. For example:

Drawing was the meaning of his life.
Being a mother is the meaning of Svetlana's life.

In these proposals paint" and " to be (mother)» are subject, as they are separate, independent actions.

In addition, a sentence can contain two infinitives, one of which characterizes the other:

To live means to love.

Then here" live" is the subject, and " be in love"- predicate. The member of the sentence is determined in this case easily: the subject goes before the predicate. Also instead of " means" can be a dash or the words " this", "is» and the like.

An infinitive can be a definition if it is in this form, for example:

He went to bed determined to read a book tomorrow.

It turns out that the verb "read" here answers the question "what kind?" With what decision did he go to bed? Read (tomorrow a book). That is, a verb of an indefinite form is a definition if it refers to a noun, which means necessity, decision, desire, expression of will, and the like.

The indefinite form of the verb is also an object if, for example, it is used in such a phrase:

Dad asked Lena to pick up the pencil.

That is, the verb "asked" here has a full-fledged lexical meaning. Both verbs refer to different people (" asked"to dad, and" raise- to Lena).

The infinitive is an integral part of the verbal predicate if used with a verb that denotes the beginning, continuation or completion of an action, that is, it has an auxiliary meaning. For example:

The puppy quickly began to fall asleep.
The teacher continued teaching.

"Began" and " continued" are just such verbs, therefore " fall asleep" and " lead" will be parts of the predicate.

The infinitive expresses the imperative when used in a commanding tone. For example, a squad leader might order: Be silent!", and the captain of the ship shout:" All hands on deck!»

The initial form of the verb expresses the future tense in sentences like this:

Yes, Ivan should not be a pilot!

That is, it must contain a certain shade of annoyance or regret.

Common spelling mistakes

In most cases, an indefinite verb is an easy thing to spell, but sometimes people get confused. This happens when the verb is reflexive. The soft sign in front of the suffix is simply forgotten - Xia-, so it turns out that the verb is in the third person and singular. And sometimes it makes it very difficult to understand when reading.

In order to avoid mistakes and correctly write suffixes (or the endings of indefinite verbs), you need to mentally ask them questions every time: “h what to do?"or" h then do?» If the verb clearly answers exactly to them, it is necessary to put a soft sign. For example, in the last word in the sentence " Petya is going to sleep tonight" put a soft sign, because Petya going what to do? Get enough sleep.

Thus, the indefinite form verb is a rather interesting and important part of the language that can be used in different cases, the main thing is to learn them well.

The ability to form an indefinite form, to recognize it in the text, to distinguish it from other forms of the verb is necessary not only in the study of the verb, but also in the formation of its forms. Various tasks, exercises, work with tables will help develop this skill.

In school practice, to identify an indefinite form, the teacher most often uses only questions (what to do?) (What to do?), Paying little attention to a detailed acquaintance with this form. For example, errors are very common in the definition of verbs such as carry, protect. However, these errors can be prevented if, already upon acquaintance with an indefinite form, such a table is offered to students.

This table will help to recognize the indefinite form by external formal signs (final -ty, -ch or -ty). The number of verbs in the indefinite form in -ti and –ch is small. Students should be introduced to the most common of them:

Verbs in -ti:

go, go, drag, carry, lead, row, revenge, carry, find to graze, weave, crawl, grow, scrape, shake, bloom.

These verbs can be included in the exercises.

1. From various forms of verbs in -ti, form an indefinite form: sweeps - revenge, carried - carry, etc.

2. Put these verbs in the form of the 1st person singular: row - row, find - find, etc.

3. From these verbs with the help of various prefixes, form new ones: weave - braid, weave, weave, etc.

4. Using the verbs to carry, rake, revenge, go, come, carry, compose a coherent text on the topic “On a subbotnik”.

Similar work is carried out with verbs in -ch.

Verbs ending in -ch:

cherish, reach, burn, lie down, clothe, doom, renounce, bake, help, neglect, shear, guard, flog, flow, crush, captivate, harness

Very often, children form non-literary forms from verbs in -ch: “burns”, “teket”, etc. To avoid this, you need to lead them to the conclusion that only in the 1st person singular and in the 3rd person plural the numbers of these verbs retain the sounds g and k (burn - burn, bake - bake), and in other forms there is an alternation of g - f and k - h (burn - burn, burn, burn, burn; flow - flow, flow, flow , flow).

Accordingly, the reverse operation also makes it difficult for students, that is, the formation of an indefinite form from personal forms of verbs, for example: shore, reach, lie down, flow, get carried away, shear, renounce, guard.

Students also experience difficulties in the formation of an indefinite form from impersonal verbs (by the way, matching the 3rd person and the indefinite form is especially important from the point of view of spelling), so it is useful to practice tasks such as finding an indefinite form from impersonal verbs: early dusk (twilight) .

I want to sleep, it becomes cool, I feel the approach of spring, it seems quite adult.

How well the students learned to find the indefinite form from which the verb is formed will be shown by the results of such a task.

Write out verbs from each sentence and choose an indefinite form for them.

1) The boy walked barefoot, and carried his shoes in a bag.

2) I cleaned the kettle, got some water and went to the fire.

3) The old man smiles, winks, squats down.

4) The short summer night was leaving, the dawn was already scarlet in the east, the stars were slowly fading.

5) It's getting dark outside, but we don't want to go back.

6) Styopka has spread his arms and is lying on his back, his hat is lying on the sand.

7) Evening shadows fall on the ground, merge, fill the streets with darkness.

Spelling work in the study of an indefinite form can be accompanied by work on the development of speech,

1. Choose synonyms for these verbs (also verbs in an indefinite form).

Be timid (fear), argue (prove), submit (obey), motivate (justify), command (send), restore (restore), export (export), import (import), discuss (argue), stimulate (encourage), blame (reproach, reproach), hope (hope), study (study), cherish (undead, cherish), zealous (try), oppose (object)

2. Choose antonyms for these verbs (also verbs in an indefinite form).

Punish (forgive), rush (slow down), chat (be silent), praise (scold), extinguish (ignite), chill (warm up), cry (laugh), start (finish), agree (object), appear (disappear), spoil (fix), love (hate), climb (sink), thaw (freeze), rest (work), dawn (dusk), cool (heat), despair (hope), build (destroy), work (idle).

3. Replace these phrases with verbs that are close in meaning.

To languish from idleness (to be bored), to fish (to fish), to win (to win), to be afraid (to be afraid), to send a telegram (telegraph), to go back (to return), to improve in something (to qualify), to undergo an exam (to be examined ), understand something (orient), regain consciousness (wake up), move to another country (emigrate), confess mistakes (repent), release from charges (rehabilitate).

4. Explain the meaning of phraseological units using synonymous verbs. Make sentences with phraseological units.

To beat with a forehead (ask), to beat the buckets (to mess around), to bring to clean water (to expose), to chop on the nose (to remember), to turn up the nose (to become proud), to nod (to doze off), to pout (to be offended), to hang one's head (to become discouraged) , come to your senses (come to your senses).

Exercises for various substitutions should be carried out throughout the entire study of the verb (2-3 minutes at the end of the lesson). Some attention should also be paid to paronyms, that is, words that are different in meaning, but similar in pronunciation, such as: gape - shine, import - export, put on - dress, reject - refute, present - provide, etc. These words you can pronounce it in class, write it out in a student dictionary, include it in dictations, come up with sentences with them; it is useful to look up their meanings in the explanatory dictionary.

When repeating morphology in high school, students should remember that verbs in the indefinite form can be different members of a sentence: subject (To study is always useful), predicate (Our task is to study), definition (I got the opportunity to study), addition (We agreed to study only good and excellent), circumstance (The guys came to the city to study).

The suggestions below will help consolidate this information.

1) I went out into the air to freshen up (L.).

2) Riding this horse was a pleasure for Rostov (L.T.).

3) I lay down on the camp bed to rest a little (T.).

4) I saw the need to change the conversation (P.).

5) I have an innate passion to contradict (L.).

6) The sun was just beginning to rise (L.T.).

The indefinite or initial form of the verb (and strictly in the language of science - it is called the infinitive) linguists call its form, denoting the strictly action itself, regardless of such grammatical categories as person and number, and answering the question "what to do?". The word "do" itself is one example of an infinitive, or indefinite form of a verb.

This gives an answer to the question, what is the peculiarity of the indefinite form of the verb.

In the Russian school, the topic of the infinitive is usually touched upon in the middle classes.

Formal signs of the infinitive

In Russian, the signs of the infinitive are the suffixes "t" or "ti": go, run, stand, crawl, find, determine, etc. After vowels, "t" is used, after consonants - "ti": run, but go.

It also matters that the infinitive always answers one question - what to do?

A group of verbs that ends in “ch” stands out in particular: lie down, bake, protect, burn, etc. Initially, in the Old Russian language, they also had the suffix “ti” after “g” at the end: lay down, pekti, protect, burn. Such an archaic form has been preserved to this day in other Slavic languages closest to Russian - Ukrainian and Belarusian. In Russian, "gti" gradually transformed into "ch".

In English, the indicator of the indefinite form is the particle to used before the verb: to go, to love, to run, etc. The infinitive has its own formal signs in every language, but it is not possible to consider them all within the framework of one publication, and it is not makes sense. Everyone who has studied English knows this, and it doesn't matter if it was taught in the first grade or in the older ones.

In Russian, a verb in an indefinite form is characterized by such constant features as transitivity, reflexivity, type of conjugation. All this is also studied in the middle classes, which can be easily remembered.

According to the indefinite form, the conjugation of those verbs is usually determined, the ending of which in other forms is unstressed. We all heard about it more than once in the school class at Russian lessons.

Features of the syntactic role of the infinitive

If the various variants of the conjugated forms of the verb in the sentence most of all gravitate towards the role of the predicate, and the remaining cases of their use are rather an exception to the rule, then the infinitive can be used as any member of the sentence: subject, object, definition.

In a sentence, it is usually used together with a predicate, in the role of which a noun, an adverb, an indefinite form of another verb, or a full adjective in the instrumental case with a linking verb is used.

Watch to the world positively is an important skill.

Believe the deceiver is stupid (option: no sense).

Save- it means to earn.

come in the area became unsafe in the evenings.

Make no mistake means to do nothing.

Predicate

There are two cases of using the indefinite form of the verb as a predicate:

As part of a compound predicate of a two-part sentence.
In a one-part impersonal sentence.

Examples of two-part sentences:

I have to do it.
I really want you help.
worker finished grind detail.
He dreams go abroad.
He continued vigorously work over the project.
The new employee soon adapted to the team and stopped working. set extra questions.

Examples of impersonal one-part sentences:

Well, how not be in love this city!
Impossible pass the!
How would we meet.

Definition

As an inconsistent definition, the verb in the indefinite is used when explaining a noun.

Often we tend to desire (to what?) hug immensity.

Usually in such cases, the indefinite form of the verb is combined with abstract nouns expressing desire, aspiration, intention, habit, inclination, ability, readiness, etc.

Circumstance

Usually in this role, the indefinite form appears with the verb of movement or other action and explains why this action was taken. Between the predicate and such a circumstance, the goal can be put "to".

For example:

I went to drink water.
The major came out to check the posts.
They came to Sochi to relax by the sea.

Addition

The infinitive acts as a complement when it refers to the subject to which the action expressed by the predicate is directed. So, in the sentence "I want to help you" it is part of the compound verb predicate. But if we say “I asked a colleague to help me”, “help” already acts as an addition. This nuance must be taken into account in order to determine the role of the infinitive in such sentences.

Here are some more examples in which the indefinite form acts as a complement:

We asked a friend meet us at the station.
The boss persuaded him take vacation later.
The boss asked me come in to him as soon as I get to work.

Stylistic nuances of using the indefinite form of the verb

Verbs in the indefinite form are often used in official instructions, orders, written and oral orders. Speeches addressed by officers to soldiers are especially often saturated with them.

Through the infinitive, an indication is conveyed of the rigidity of a particular order or requirement, the rigor of its observance. For example: "Ensure the result no later than July 20." It sounds even stricter than the form of the imperative mood - "provide". Although the imperative itself, especially if it is not accompanied by the word “please”, carries a considerable similar load.

It is not surprising why their use is so popular in the army, where discipline, diligence and subordination are of great importance, and in civil structures with a rigid administrative vertical, for example, government bodies.

Yes, and various prohibitions, designed in the form of a combination of the infinitive and the “not” particle, have the same function: do not smoke, do not litter, etc.

After all this, you are unlikely to have any doubts about what the indefinite form of the verb is.