How to overlap the roof on a slate house one. How to properly and quickly cover the roof of slate? Preparation of roofing structures

Slate as a roofing material lately, of course, has lost their share of popularity, because many new attractive analogs have appeared on the market: from metal tile to Ondulin. On their background, he, of course, loses from a visual point of view, but relative to many technical indicators and, the main cost, it has several advantages. The article will talk about laying slate with your own hands.

Types of slate

• Slate may be asbestos-cement and cement-fibrous. These two species are not particularly different from each other according to the technical characteristics, but due to the fact that asbestos is not included in the second, it has a slightly lower strength, albeit quite sufficient in order to calmly withstand, for example, the weight of an adult.

Important: slate sheets can be made from pressed and unfollowing material. The latter has lower high-quality indicators than pressed, namely:

• below the density (and, accordingly, strength);
• inferior in resistance to temperature differences and weather cataclysms.

In the form of both types of slate can be flat and wavy. For wavy sheets, a thickness of 5.8 to 7.5 mm is characterized, there is also the following gradation:

• size 1125x980 mm has 6 waves;
• size 1130x980 mm - 7 waves;
• size 1750x980 mm - 8 waves.

Advantages and disadvantages of slate in front of other roofing materials

Advantages More than many think, namely:

• enviable strength and resistance under all weather conditions, and therefore a long operational period;
• excellent refractory;
• high resistance to various chemical influences;
• low thermal conductivity;
• a large selection of color solutions along with a democratic value;
• ease of installation.

Disadvantages of slate

• High enough weight. And, if there is no special engineering approach to the slate styling process, then physical efforts will have to be attached;
• with all its durability and durability, slate can be called a rather fragile material that it is necessary to take into account when installing it, transportation and storage. Sheets can not be thrown (can crack), and, folding in stacks, to take into account that their number in one should not exceed 165 pieces;
• the composition of asbestos-cement slate, as it is clear from the title, includes asbestos, and it is not the most useful substance for the human body. Therefore, for the roof of the house, the asbestos-cement option is quite suitable, but for objects in close proximity to people, it is worth using cement-fibrous material;
• over time, moss may appear on any slate, although the coating of phosphate and silicate paints this problem solves this problem, because Noticeably reduces the degree of absorption of moisture.

Dismantling slate

If there is a need to dismantle the old before laying slate, then the main human factor (correct distribution of roles) and a convenient tool, because The process does not create special difficulties.

• I remember about the fragility of slate and that his sheets will always find themselves use in the courtyard of a private house, to remove and drop it from the roof it is necessary to carefully, one sheet, in the sequence opposite to the one in which it was stacked.

Laying slate on the roof

Work plan

The slate installation process directly consists of three main steps: preparatory work, creating crates and laying sheets with the selected way.

• Preparation implies a choice of coating type. If it still fell on the slate containing asbestos, then, starting to work with him, it is necessary to protect all people involved in the process.
• Determining between flat sheets and wavy, for residential buildings it still stands to stay on the latter, because Wavy products much more contributes to the flow of water from the roof.
• Among the wavy species will also have to make a choice, depending on the desired slate density. It may be ordinary, unified, secondary and enhanced option.

• From what the choice will be made, it depends on and what qualitative indicators will be required for the crate for slate.

Waterproofing roofs under slate

• The waterproofing materials for the roof on the market are a lot of, but, if we talk about the slate roof, the most optimal option for it can become a polypropylene film.

• Fuck the film you need to rafted the glossy side up. The pile, located on the inside, serves as an additional barrier for moisture, especially this is important if the insulation layer is under it. If you wish, you can lay 2 layers of the film.
• The mount is carried out with the help of a construction stapler, for the implementation of the process you will need at least two pairs of hands (one gradually folds the roll with a film and pulls it out, the other - fixes it on rafters). The joints of the joints additionally need to strengthen the sealant or construction tape in more accessible places.
• On top of the insulation layer, you can mount the bars of the crate.

Diselet under slate

• Installation Dooming is a very important stage. Here the main point is the use of only dry wood. With a percentage of damp, exceeding 12%, the lamp will "swim" and will lose stability, because, hanging, the bars will noticeably decrease in size.
• For frames, wood 2 and 3 varieties are used: spruce, pine, fir, aspen. Before installing, the bars must be treated with an antiseptic, to coat with a olifoy or resin, to be treated with refractory solution (antipiren).

• Calculate the length of the bars of the crates must be based on the size and number of slate sheets. This can be both 3.5 m and 6.5. Ideally, it should be possible so that the slate should be cut along the edge of the roof, i.e. On the skate should fit whole sheets, otherwise the roof will look inactively.
• Universal is considered to be the size of the bars with a square cross section of 60x60 mm, although their insertion will be their selection depending on the slate thickness, and this is from 50 to 75 mm.

The distance between the bars also depends on the quality of slate:

• for ordinary - it is 50-55 cm;
• for the unified - 60-80 cm;
• for medium and reinforced - 75-80 cm.

It is important that the distance is the same throughout the roof.

If different bars are used (which is also permissible), then the widest one should be placed near the skate and in those places where the sheets are included.

• It must also be borne in mind that the closest timber must be installed to the edge and rise above the rest of 1-3.5 cm (i.e., on the thickness of the slate), for the cornese bars, this indicator is from 6 to 10 mm (they should also stand the edge ).
• It should be started to mount the baptine cutters to the rafters below, given the OTLs at 30-50 cm, during the laying, it is necessary to take into account certain building subtleties, especially the places near the pipe and on the cornices.

Laying slate sheets

• Sheets are attached to the crate with galvanized nails.
• To drive the holes, the diameter of the drill is used by 2 mm larger the diameter of the nails. It is necessary to score in the crest of the wave (it will protect the roof from the flow) through the rubber gasket and the washer. It is necessary to do it enough carefully, and the main thing is not very deep, to a minimal contact with slate. Otherwise, the material can crack at the slightest temperature drop.

• Mounting slate starts from the bottom and preferably with a windy roof side. The first sheet is a very important element, it "sets the tone" to all the rest, so you need to check the flatness of its laying using a plumb. The fattest of each subsequent row of sheets is made depending on the angle of inclination of the roof (for 20-45 degrees, 10 cm is sufficient).

There are two main ways to install slate:

• with trimming angles, without offset, when each slate sheet requires a form adjustment;
• the rotor when slate sheets are stacked on the principle of brickwork.

The last option is the most popular, because More easy to work.

Laying slate by the method of "rotary"

Of course, the purchasing slate in the store can always be obtained as detailed instructions of the manufacturer and the consultation of the knowledgeable manager. All of them are reduced to the following steps:

• the slate layout plan on the roof. It is still necessary at the acquisition stage, because Allows you to calculate the amount of material (it is better to take with a margin, then if you have a check, the excess can be returned) and understand how many sheets will have to trim;
• preparation of slate to work with it, which is to trim the sheets with the help of a grinder. Knowing builders advise before this a little wet material in the estimated area of \u200b\u200bthe cut. And inspection on the subject of chips and cracks (such sheets need to be discarded);
• directly installation. It, as already mentioned, you need to start below. The sheet must be attached to the crate for one of the upper corners, docile with the edge of the roof and fix three more nails in different angles (necessarily in the crest of the wave);

• the next leaf in the horizontal is fixed in the same way, with the allen on 1-2 waves;
• in this way, the lower row is stacked throughout the perimeter of the roof, enshrining each glad to four nails;
• the second row must be started with half the lower sheet, and go further, making the allen both on the bottom sheet and the previous one in the row. This is how the effect of "disintegration" is achieved;
• thus, one slope of the roof is filled with slate, the latter last before the skate should leave the gap for ventilation. Then begin to the second skate. As a result, it is formed roofing, resembling a chessboard.

The method "with trimming angles"

This method, as already mentioned, more laborious. But the surface of the roof, laid in this way, it turns out very smooth, without unnecessary gaps and, accordingly, its service life will be longer than that of the "Vraceku" created by the method. In addition, the material consumption will be noticeably less.

Stages of work

• The first, of course, the roof plan, to the construction of which it is necessary to approach no less responsible than when laying with the displacement. After all, not only the amount of material depends on the correct calculation, but also its proper preparation.
• It is necessary to determine which side of the slope will begin. There is no one opinion here, someone advises the left, there is no principal difference. Further examples will be indicated to destroy the right left.
• Preparation of slate sheets. The size of the angle that should be cut is 103 mm from above and 120-140 mm on the side. When trimming, the following points are taken into account:
  1. the first sheet of the lower row and the last top is not cut off (we are talking about one skate);
  2. lower (first) sheets are processed depending on the direction. If the slate is laid on the right left, then all sheets are cut down the upper right corner.
• Staying the second row is performed according to the following scheme:
  1. first sheet - lower left corner;
  2. middle sheets - left lower and right upper;
  3. the last sheet is the right top.
• The final row on the same principle as the middle rows, but the last sheet is not trimmed at all.

The first sheet is fixed as in the "disengudic" method. Next, the sheets are mounted with an overlap equal to the size of the cut (not less than 120 mm). The top row is accurately with the same adhesive to the bottom. At the same time, the location of the cuts of the upper and lower row of sheets located on the diagonal should be coincided, and the gaps between them are 3-4 mm.

Laying Slate Video

Repair of slate roofing and care for it

Of course, the slate roof, like any other, must be cleaned periodically. It is especially important to ensure that Moss does not appear, antiseptics are very helpful in this matter, which in most cases are part of the colors for slate.

• In cases of chips and cracks, of course, a small repair may be required. If the place of leakage is not very large, it may well be enough to process with a special putty or setting the patchwork.
• In more serious cases, the damaged part of the roof must be replaced. Slate allows this to do without too much effort, because Disassemble individual sheets is not much difficult.

Many owners of private houses prefer to cover the roof by wave slate. And this is a convincing reason, since this material is from the group of the most democratic cost. Modern technologies allowed us to expand the range of slate slate in size and color scheme.
So that the roof with a coating of asbotic sheets was reliable and durable, you need to represent well how to lay slate, styling subtleties. On the Internet there are quite a few materials describing slate laying technology, video instructions.

Preparatory work

Immediately, we note that before laying such a roof it is necessary to take care of, because after laying the slate on the roof will be completed, it will be extremely uncomfortable.

Mandatory condition for high-quality installation - device of the crate. Since it is very necessary that it is solid under this material, it gives an additional opportunity to save. When installing the crate, you need to choose the right step of its bars. Since the standard width of the sheet is 53 cm, so the distance between the bars can not be less than this magnitude.
For standard profiles, the side of the cross section of the crate bars is 5 cm, for reinforced - 7.5. Its step can fluctuate in the limits of 50-80 cm.
It is advisable to hold the laying on the crate covered with a layer of rubberoid. This measure will help not only hydroize the roof, but also increase the level of thermal insulation.

Possible laying schemes

Fasteners of asbotic sheets are performed on the crate, fixing them at three points: two along the edges of the roof and one in the center. Moreover, to lay slate, you need to decide which method is more appropriate in this case. There are two specially common methods with which they are mounted:

• laying with displacement;

Mounting aimbel

As already noted, this method is the most popular, by virtue of simplicity, method of asbotic coating device. He implies a displacement of any of the new rows in relation to the previous one. In other words, joints, which are located in the initial row, do not coincide with those that are located in the second.

If you adhere to this scheme, it is guaranteed to argue that at any area of \u200b\u200bthe roof can be shrinking no more than two sheets. The shift is obtained by cutting several waves from the last edge sheet. At the same time, the edge of the last row vertically will be uneven and it will be necessary to specifically end.

We will analyze how in practice it is enough to simply lay profiles. Those of them that should be laid at the beginning of odd rows are pre-cut into two equal parts, that is, they receive two four-wave slices. When using this methodology, the bias line of new rows will be to be repeated. And look it, you must admit, it will be pretty aesthetic.

In fact, from one profile, more precisely, of its two halves, the initial sheet is obtained for two rows.

The main advantage of this option in its big convenience. After the initial sheets in the first row and the second (half and integer, respectively) are laid, there is no problem with the displacement, because with the usual installation, the shift in the horizontal direction is automatically obtained. The only plot where the sheets need to be cropped - end.

Installation without offset

This is more economical from the point of view of the consumption of the material, nevertheless requires considerable works by a variant of the device asbotic roof. The fact is that for this method, the material requires initial preparation: from the second row, the profiles are cut from the lower corners in length and width - 12 and 10 cm, respectively.

Rows are:

• initial - standard;
• The second and subsequent - laid already curved sheets, so two layers are superimposed on the joints.

Installation technology: General principles

Usually begins towards right left. At the same time, the defining factor is the direction of the wind. The edges are recommended from the side with the predominant direction of the wind.

If the roof is laid in the regions with a temperate climate, then nails use for fasteners, if strong winds constantly blow there, they use special screws. Regardless of the type of fastener, the hat must be enlarged. Mandatory is also the presence of gasket from rubber under it.

Holes under fastenings need to be done in advance, and its hole diameters and fasteners differ slightly - the first must be more than the second.

For screws and self-tapping screws, it is almost the only possible option, however, and with a non-accurate clogging of nails, the material can split.

Holes are so:

• bottom corner,
• The wave is the second overlap;
• diagonally.

For the last sheet in the horizontal row, it is also necessary to further consolidate in the penultimate wave. A different placement of the fasteners can lead to a fairly rapid destruction of roofing.

To trim the sheets, it is usually used with a metal hacksaw, but "Bulgarian" in this role allows you to cut the material quickly and smoothly, and without much effort.

Skates, eaves, adjoins, etc. are equipped using special elements from asbestoscent, which ensure the reliability of the roof counting areas, especially if we strengthen them with concrete and mastic.
In practice, galvanized stripes are also used for these purposes, but, I must say, this less durable option is, and it looks not so attractive.

From galvanized.

But in addition to these popular roofing materials in individual construction, another type of coating is often used - slate.

Surely everyone saw, roofs covered with this wavy material.

Let's talk today about the benefits of the roof of the slate, about how to put it out correctly and attach sheets to the crate to do not blow up with the wind, and also learn how to properly stick this roofing material so that it does not crack.

Slate roof - advantages and disadvantages

The name of this roofing material occurred from the German word Schiefer, meaning in the translation "Slate". Tiles from a natural slate for a long time are widely used in construction. In one of the publications, we told that it is a shale roof, which is a certain symbol of wealth.

The slate used today in construction is sheets of asbestos cement, which can be flat (GOST 18124-95 sheets of asbestos-cement plane.) Or wavy (GOST 30340-95 sheets asbestos-cement wavy.).

Flat sheets are used not only as roofing material, but also for finishing works.

Wavy material can be produced in the form of sheets having 5, 6, 7 or 8 waves.

The sizes of slate sheets are presented in the table below:

As you can see, the thickness of the sheet can be different at the same area and can be 5.2 or 5.8 mm depending on the brand.

The figure below shows the main dimensions of slate sheets of different grades, depending on the amount of waves and thickness (click to enlarge):

If we talk about the pluses of slate roof, then the following qualities can be attributed to its explicit advantages:

• durability - service life is 30-50 years;
• high mechanical strength - a crow can peck seeds that have fallen from a tree on the roof from slate and no trace left from her beak;
• non-flamm - an important property when choosing a roof material for a roof of a bath or house with a stove;
• in case of fire, it does not allocate poisoning substances;
• slate is resistant to precipitation in the form of rain and snow, and also does not destroy under the influence of direct solar radiation;
• the roof from this material is not subject to corrosion;
• does not rot;
• it does not eat various bugs;
• easily processed - you do not have to break your head, how to cut off a piece of sheet or drill a hole in it;
• low nooseman during a shower in contrast to galvanized and some other sheet materials;
• the roof covered with slate is easily repaired by replacing the protested sheets with new;
• has low cost.

As you can see the advantages of more than enough to turn your attention to this wonderful material if you are still thinking about the question, "How to cover the roof?".

But despite the large number of advantages, there is Slate and some drawbacks. The main one includes:

• high fragility - during transport or when lifting a roof for mounting, an increased caution must be observed so as not to split sheets;
• large own weight, requiring the device for an enhanced rafter system and a reliable crate for its attachment;
• burns to pieces when heated by open fire.

There is another little disadvantage - if the sheets do not process the antiseptic, then with time they may appear moss and lichens.

Let's look at how the roof roof is performed by slate.

How to calculate the number of slate?

If you choose this inexpensive and very durable material, let's see how to correctly calculate the number of sheets for the roof, so as not to be mistaken when buying in building materials.

The number of sheets is primarily determined on the basis of the geometric sizes of the roof rods.

It is easiest to calculate the number of sheets for a single roof, for this it will be necessary only to divide the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof on the area of \u200b\u200b1 sheet. After that, the resulting quantity to increase by 10-15% to take into account the adhesive and possible trimming, as well as to take into account the abnormal sinks.

But a single-sided roof, as a rule, has a small bias and more often it is overlapped with rubberoid in several layers. For the slate roof it is recommended to choose slopes of at least 20 degrees. This will reduce the weight of snow cover in winter, allowing it to be easier to roll from the roof.

Tools for roof roofs with slate

Before you begin the roofing device, you should prepare all the necessary tools that you will need during the work process.

To do this, you will need:

• drill;
• bulgarian;
• a hammer;
• slavic nails;
• ladder;
• ropes with hooks for lifting sheets on the roof;
• paint for painting slices.

Diselet under slate

The shell under the slate is made from a bar with a thickness of 50-60 mm. The shadow step is 750 mm. This will allow to mount each sheet to three brushes of the crate and there will still be a small departure for the adolescent of another row, as shown in the figure below:

In places of passage, the pipes make an additional crate.

For the crate device, you should choose bars from the dried wood without bitch and signs of rot.

Helpful advice: The cutture is collected on rafted nails, the length of which should be at least a triple thickness of the bars themselves, which are used for the crate. This will prevent possible branches of bars under the weight of slate and snow cover in winter.

Before siping bars, they should be thoroughly wrapped with an antiseptic to prevent wood rotting. In addition, many compositions for wood processing today combine the effect of antiseptic and antipyrin, preventing not only rotting, but burning.

Also, lay a layer of waterproofing, which will prevent in the attic room of the moisture drops, which can be wind under slate waves.

Preparation of slate to laying

Before starting styling sheets on the roof and hold them to the crate, you need to treat them with special hydrophobic compositions, which will improve water-repellent properties and extend their service life.

As a rule, slate sheets are treated with perchlorvinyl compositions. First, the perchlorvinyl soil is applied, and after 2-3 hours, the perchlorvinyl paint (PKV) is processed.

Coloring is produced by 2 times. The second time is applied to the staining composition only after complete drying of the first layer. The direction of applying paints in the second layer should be perpendicular to the direction of application of the first layer.

Also slate can be treated by the enamel of KO-174 or by an organ-silicate composition of OS-12-03.

Also on sale today you can find a large number of acrylic paints for metal and sewn.

After painting slate looks much more beautiful:

Laying slate

So that the ranks of slate sheets turned out to be smooth, the cord pulls on the eaves, along which the lower row sheets are leaving.

Staying sheets from the lower corner of the skate to the opposite direction of predominant winds at the construction site. An example of a slate layout on the roof is shown in the figure below:

As you can see the predominant direction of the wind - right to left. Therefore, the first sheet is laid in the lower left corner.

After that, the remaining sheets of the lower row with the allen in 1-2 waves are put.

When the lower row is laid, go to the installation of the next row, which is mounted with the adoption on the previous series at 15-20 cm.

How to fix the slate to the crate?

For fastening to the crate, special slate nails are used.

Helpful advice: Nails are in the upper part of the wave, so the length of the nail must be selected taking into account the height of the wave and the thickness of the brush of the crate. In places of attachment, the drill drill holes to avoid cracking.

How to proper slate

Each sheet is tangled with nails in advanced holes so that it is securely fixed by nails to the crate. Do it needed carefully to prevent the polls of the sheet

As mentioned above, it is better to drill holes under the nails to prevent the appearance of cracks.

Nails are in the 2nd and 6th waves of the 8-wave leaf or in the 2nd and 5th 7-wave.

Failure nails should not bend from below if they turned out to be longer than necessary. Why it is impossible to bend nails, sticking slate, watch in the video:

Slate is a classic material for the arrangement of roofs of various purposes with a bias from 12 to 30 degrees ( according to GOST.). Even now, with the advent of many other, modern materials, the roofs of the slate are very relevant. And all because slate, along with disadvantages, there are undeniable advantages over more modern materials.

Before buying a slate for covering the roof, you need to read more with all the pros and cons of this material. If everything suits, you can proceed to the selection of slate.

Today, in the building materials market, you can find a slate of various sizes, quality and colors. The most common and classically applies: scest, seven-wave and eightwall. Also slate is different thick. Depending on these parameters, the flow rate per square meter will be distinguished and, of course, the cost.

In this article, you will learn how to cover the roof of slate with your own hands and how to calculate the amount of slate on the roof.

Before laying itself, the slate on the roof, it is necessary to finish all the work related to the installation of rafters and crates, and. There may be two options here: the attic room is used as a residential, or no.

1. Residential attic. In this case, a solid preparation of the roof is required before slate laying. Slingers for such a roof need to be made from bars, at least 150 * 50 mm.
2. On the inside of the rafter, the base of the material is fastened, which will perform the function of the "walls" in the attic room. It can be plywood, plasterboard, wooden board, or something else.
3. Under this base is led.
4. Next, all the work can be performed on the outside of the attic. Several layers are placed in the space between the rafters. The width of the rafter foot depends on the number of layers. Usually it is three layers, which means the width must be at least 150 mm. The insulation plates are stacked in a chess order, that is, overlap each other's seams. From above on rafters, wind-moisture protection isolation is stacked, and the counter-crate, 50 * 25 mm bars, which are nailed to the rafters along the entire length of the skate to the eaves.

Roofing cake warm roof

As an insulation, both classic rubberoids and modern materials to choose from, for example, Česospan A. The material is laid perpendicular to the rafters, starting from the bottom edge of the roof rope. In this case, the upper layer must cover the lower by 15-20 cm.

Bashed with a construction stapler. It should be slightly stretched, and the distance from the bottom to the insulation is at least 20 mm.

On top to insulating material, parallel to the skate, right in the counter-crate, a longitudinal doom is stuffed. Its step must be completed with such a calculation so that one slate sheet is attached at least than three points. In practice, take a step at least 45 cm, that is, one solid leaf, a length of 175 cm, stacked on 4 boards.

Disease under slate is performed from boards 20-25 mm thick and 150-10 mm wide or 50 * 50 mm bars.

It is allowed to apply the crate from non-strokewoodThe most important thing here is that it is even, the same thickness along the entire length, without traces of rotting and was not very wide (so as not to be led during operation). Slate sheets are attached directly to the crate.

1. Non-residential attic. In this case, the preparation of the roof to the slate laying is much easier. The longitudinal doom is nourished directly to the rafters. The requirements for it are the same as in the first case.
2. Already on the crate itself, wind-moisture insulation is laid, as a rule, rubberoid.
3. The slate sheets are stacked on top.

Cold roof pie

In places where the plane of the skate is adjacent to the vertical wall, or, it is necessary to make a solid crate with a margin of 50 cm in all directions.

Calculation of the number of slate for roofing

When choosing a slate profile, from which the roof will be performed, it is worth considering that the more the waves have a sheet of products, the roof will be more economical. This means that the neighboring sheets will be less overlapping each other, therefore, more sheet area will be useful.

NOTE!

It should be remembered that when counting the number of necessary slate, you need to take into account the angle of inclination of the roof.

Consider two options.

1. The angle of inclination is less than 15 degrees. In this case, the slate Schifer when laying should be in two waves, and the length of the overlapping of the lower sheets with upper at least 200 mm.
2. The angle is more than 15 degrees. The backrest of neighboring sheets can be in one wave, the overlap value is 160 mm.

Fall of the roof

Accordingly, in the first case, if the roof is common, will leave more material. In addition, at small corners of the slope, it is possible to accumulate on the roof of snow in winter, which will lead to essential loads on the roof design.

1. The total length of the roof of the roof of the visor is divided into sheet width Material and to the result add 10 percent (18 percent for gentle roofs) to take into account the vertical overlap of sheets.
2. Measure the distance between the cornese and the visor, Add to it the length of the coating over the visor, the result is to share the length of the slate sheet and add 13 percent (20 percent for gentle roofs) on the horizontal overlap of sheets.
3. Both results are alternating and add 10 percent "Pro Stock"so as not to run shopping, if there is not enough pairs of sheets.

Preparation of material: how to saw slate

Before installing the slate directly to the roof, it is necessary to prepare individual elements so that it does not have to do it at the height, where it is not entirely convenient.

Preparation consists in drilling holes for fasteners, trimming angles, if you put in such a way, and stripping sheets in the case when a whole number of elements are not included in the height of the roof.

First you need to measure the distance between the middle of the rafter, to which the element will be attached. Without forgetting to take into account the slope over the cornice.

Then the same distance note on slate sheets through the wave, and we make on the marked places of the hole with a drill or screwdriver and drill on the metal. The hole must be a pair of millimeters more than the diameter of the fastener used.

Holes for fasteners that will keep elements in those places where they are superimposed by one to anotherIt is better to drill directly on the roof using a screwdriver. Otherwise, there is a risk not to get fasteners immediately in both sheets when installing.

CAUTION!

All work related to the opening and drilling of slate it is necessary to carry out in protective gloves, mask and respirator. Asbestos particles contained in dust are very dangerous when entering the body.

If there is a need to hold slate sheets due to a long length, we do it immediately, when preparing for installation. So the sheet will be easier and cutting more convenient.

• Cutting slate sheets are best done with a corner car (Bulgarians) with a stone or metal disk. For the lack of such, you can cut the slate with a metal with a metal, or even a tree. Before cutting, it is recommended to moisten the material to protect yourself from asbestos dust.
• How to cut flat slate? The thin sheet can be broken through the cut line. The sharp object is planning a plus line, put the slate on the table and gently press the slate cut into the section. The material should break the floor of the cutting line.
• Nail method. We note the pencil line of the cut and on this line drive a thin nail every 2 centimeters. The smaller the pitch of the holes, the more accurate will turn out.
• Use the cutter or hacksaw for metal.

Tools for cutting slate

Mounting slate on the roof

When everything is ready, you can proceed to the installation of slate.

To lift the prepared sheets on the roof, you need to use two or three long bars or durable boards and lifting ropes, to avoid damage to sheets. When working at height, you need to use the safety cables. You can not walk on the sector in ordinary shoes, you need to use wooden boards, or soft shoes.

Coat rise

Typically, slate sheets are stacked on the roof to the right left, from the bottom up. But, if in this area strong winds, then you can lay and from left to right, the main thing is that the backstage is from a leeward side.

How to properly hit the slate on the roof:

1. Slate sheets fasten with special roofing nailsThey have a ribbed rod, for better clutch with a tree, and a wide hat, sometimes with a rubber gasket.
2. Special roofing screws can be appliedThey can be selected for the color of slate if color material is used. Nails or self-tapping screws are fixed only in the upper wave, in order to avoid entering the fluid inside.
3. The fastening frequency depends on different factors, is usually fixed through one wave. At the same time, it is impossible to press the sheet to the crate, the gap between the nail and the surface should be 2-3 mm, otherwise microcracks will appear in the material and, with time, the material will collapse.

Fastening slate sheet

The first lower row of slate is stacked by a special ropewhich is stretched at the required distance from the cornice.

NOTE!

When installing you need to follow, to in one place did not overlap more than two sheetsOtherwise, in this place the material will begin to crack.

Laying slate 8 wave in several ways is possible, but the basic only two: a method with displacement of sheets (rotary), and a method with trimming angles.

Displacement

The most common due to regionality. The essence is that slate sheets in the next row are shifted relative to the previous row to several waves. This method avoids the coincidence of overlap waves, and in one place there will be no more two connections at the same time. So, how to put slate on the sheet shift instructions:

1. The first bottom sheet is stackedAligns on a stretched rope and attached two nails from below.
2. Another lower sheet is stacked with a wave or two first sheet overlap, fastened with two nails, one of which is clogged at the site of overlapping both sheets.
3. The half of one sheet is stacked in the second row from the very edge of the roof.. Aligned in the wave, the rehearshest of the lower row of 15-20 cm is observed. It is fixed with two nails passing around the overlap and fastening both sheets - upper and lower.
4. The whole sheet is stacked in the second row with overlapping per or two waves., depending on the roof of the roof, and with the flax on the lower row.
5. All nails make their way In the first sheet of the lower row.
6. Thus, adding one sheet, either half a sheet in even row, installation process is diagonally diagonally, from the bottom angle to the top.

How to cover the roof by slate right

Corner trimming method

1. The technology is more complicated than the previous method, but allows you to save a decent amount of material used, respectively, money.
2. It is required to prepare slate sheets before laying on the roof as follows. It is necessary to make trimming of the corners of the sheet diagonally on the width of the overlap of the neighboring sheets horizontally and at a depth of 14 cm.
3. For example, if the parts are stacked from left to right, you need to shorten the lower angle of each element from the side, which covers the element that has sends earlier in the horizontal row. At the same time, the initial cornese and finite skate elements corners are not cut.
4. The stacking of slate on the roof occurs in the same manner as when laying a rotational, with the only difference that in each horizontal row there are whole rows. Thanks to cropped corners, sheets are joined, and not on each other, overlapping on top of the next next.

Trimming corners

After laying the whole roof need to build a skate element. It is made of roofing iron with such a calculation, to overlap 200-250 mm top row of slate. After installation and alignment, it is naked to the crate through the upper edge of the sheets through one wave.

Such elements of the roof, as rtanda, suspensive, adjacent roofs to vertical walls and chimneys are also made of roofing iron and they are nailed with an overlap at 25-30 cm on top of slate sheets. You can also purchase ready-made roofing elements, they will look better.

After working on the construction of the roof from slate is made, it is recommended to visually view all the joints for the presence of gaps. More than 5 mm clearances should be melted with sealant or mastic.

Slavic Konk

To increase the duration of the roof service from slate, you can paint it into any color of special paint, or to be treated with antibacterial solution.

Useful video

Installation of a slate sheet on the video below:

In contact with

Today, the choice of roofing materials simply strikes with its diversity, but despite this, one of the leading places still occupies slate. So owners of private houses, for sure, it will be interesting how the slate stacking on the roof is carried out.

The device of the roof from slate - types of materials and their features

The most common option is wavy asbestos-cement sheets, which are covered by most of the houses. These advantages include: resistance to temperature drops, fire resistance, quite a long service life, ease of processing. The disadvantages of such slate are increased fragility, it is very easy to damage even with a mesmer impact, and a lot of weight, which greatly complicates roofing work. In addition, it is the opinion that Asbestos, which is part of its health, is harmful to health, but the studies have not confirmed.

There is still a so-called paper slate without asbestos. He is inferior to his fellow resistance to mechanical loads. However, its durability, moisture resistance, lightness and flexibility make it possible to use it, unlike asbestos assembled, even on roofing with a fairly weak frame. For the roof of industrial premises will be relevant to familiarize themselves with how to overlap the roof of the slate of plastic or metal. They are characterized by good wear resistance, ease, strength characteristics and environmental safety. In addition, their color scheme will be able to satisfy the need for even the most whimsical consumers.

Laying slate on the roof - methods

There are two main methods like putting slate on the roof. The easiest and therefore common is the way "in the dispersion". Its essence is that each subsequent sheet overlap the previous one by one wave. As mentioned above, its main dignity is the simplicity of installation. As for the shortcomings, firstly, this is an increased consumption of material. Secondly, on the edge of the roof there will be a very smooth edge, spoiling the whole view, so it needs to be cut.

The next way, how to sharpen the slate on the roof is that with the help of feeding adjacent angles to achieve complete combination of sheets with each other vertically. For example, if we put a slate on the left side to the right, then the trimming should begin at the place of the joint of the second sheet of the lower row and the first in the top row. This method will allow to reduce the flow of roofing material to a minimum, but they will have to diligently work, since the method requires much more labor cost, rather than the first.

How to put slate on the roof - process features

To the roof mounted with their own hands served you for a long time, it is necessary to take into account some moments, and it doesn't matter what the flooring method was selected. First of all, only special galvanized fasteners should be used, nails, self-tapping screws and screws can be performed in their roles. At the same time, considering the fragility of the material, it is better in the location of the pre-desired diameter.

Also before the seed can be moistened with water cut line, it will facilitate the process. And in order to avoid the unwanted fault of the sheet, it is not necessary to put pressure on the instrument that you will cut.

The roofing device from slate also involves the presence of a crate. It must be quite reliable, so for its installation take wooden bars with a cross section of 60x60 mm, as well as special lining. Step should be made no more than 75 cm, or rather, it should be such that under each sheet there is at least three bar. It is very important that the tree is well dried, otherwise, during a natural decrease in moisture content in it, the mounting holes will be expanded.

In addition, the width of the adoption depends also from the terrain, namely, if the house is somewhere in nature, and high trees grow around it, then it is better to increase this parameter, and both vertically and horizontally. And all because the fallen foliage can be born under the roofing material, and this is fraught with premature destruction. Also, the whole garbage that falls under the edges of the slate will swell, absorbing moisture, which will lead to the formation of unwanted cracks, the roof will begin to leak, and it will be necessary for its urgent repairs.

How to roll the slate on the roof - mounting with your own hands

In order for the roof to be quite reliable, it is not enough to choose high-quality material, attention should be paid to the question, how to properly cover the roof with the slate with your own hands.

How to raise slate on the roof with your own hands - a step-by-step scheme

Step 1: Selection of Material

Basically use domestic material. The amount of its waves can be from 6 to 8, and depending on this it has different thickness and width. The first parameter for solevollays is 5, 6 and 7 mm, and the second is 1125 mm. The width of the eight and seven-wave slate will be 1130 or 980 mm, while the thickness is 5, 8 mm. In addition, the parameters such as a wave step, the distance between the comb and the bottom can be different.

All this must be paid attention to, conducting calculations and buying material. If the roof of the roof of the slate with their own hands will be carried out by the "in the disintegration" method, then the wider wave, the greater will be due to the increase in the area of \u200b\u200bthe allen. It is also necessary to pay enough attention and the quality of slate, on the sheets there is no defects. The slightest chips, cracks and other imperfections should be a reason for replacing defective instances.

Step 3: Installation

By choosing a way "in the dispersion", an eightwall sheet will be used more appropriate. So how to cover the roof by slatein this case, it turns out with a tangible material savings. Sheets need to be cut with a grinder or hacksaw in half. The number of such halves must correspond to the number of odd rows, as they will start them. Each even row should be mounted from the whole products. Fresh a half in the first row, and then there are whole sheets with overlapping in one wave. The following series (second) fully consists of a whole slate. Thanks to this technology, the interface of the sheets of the previous row will overlap the middle of the sheet located in the next line.

The question is how to put slate on the roof without displacement is also relevant, even considering that this technology is more laborious. It is to. For example, producing laying from left to right, you need to cut down the lower corners of the sheets in the upper row, by 130 mm along the wavelength and 100 mm by its width. Each sheet after fitting is fixed with the corresponding fasteners, do not forget about the special gasket under the head. And so that the house pleased the eye, you can paint slate in any color, thereby giving originality and the uniqueness of your construction.