Without such a structure as a toilet, one simply cannot do in the country. And if you decide to build a country toilet with your own hands, then you will have to make some efforts and diligence. The most difficult stage in construction will be digging a foundation pit. As for the aesthetic side of the building, this is rather a secondary issue, because the main thing is to competently arrange a cesspool and create a reliable foundation for the above-ground structure.
The following points will be discussed in detail below:
| The choice of a place for the construction of a toilet and its design. | |
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What you need to build a toilet. |
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Features of the cesspool device. |
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Construction of a country toilet house. |
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Using a dry closet in the country. |
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Biological agents for toilets. |
How to build a country toilet with your own hands: photos, drawings, video
It should be noted right away that it is better to do all the work once and then not return to this issue for many years. It is especially important to build a capital structure if you spend a lot of time at your dacha. If you do not want to spoil the design of the site by installing an ordinary toilet, then you can always hide it in the far corner behind the country house or come up with an original design for it that would allow it to harmoniously fit into the landscape.
The choice of location for the toilet and its design features
As a rule, the toilet is installed closer to the far boundary of the land, since there will be an unpleasant smell near the room, even if it is insignificant. But sometimes they use another option, making a cesspool not far from the house, and a free corner of the house is taken away to place the toilet, leading the sewer pipe into the pit. Basically, this design is used in cases where water has been brought into the house and it is planned to install an insulating container designed to collect waste.
Be that as it may, it is worth adhering to sanitary and epidemiological standards. They must be observed in order to protect yourself and the environment from negative consequences, such as soil contamination or infectious diseases.
If you are planning to install a cesspool, it is important that it is at least 30 meters away from water sources. Moreover, its depth should not reach groundwater.
If you are going to install a septic tank, then place it no closer than 15 meters from the house.
If you are going to use an insulated container that cleans out as it fills up, you can install it almost anywhere as the waste won't seep into the ground.
Also, an insulated container is suitable in cases where groundwater does not run very deep and it is impossible to make a cesspool in the ground.
Most often, the pits of the simplest toilet for a summer residence have an area of \u200b\u200babout 1 m 2. If the pit is round, then its diameter should correspond to about 1 meter. Its depth is 1.5-2 meters, depending on how the groundwater occurs.
Once you decide on a place for the pit, proceed to the choice of toilet design. First of all, you must take into account the weight of the future structure - the choice of material that you are going to use for construction largely depends on it. Moreover, the house itself should not be made very heavy, because over time, under its weight, the soil can begin to sag and the building is deformed and damaged.
Wooden boards or bars or thin material - corrugated board and galvanized profiles - are excellent as building materials.
If you decide to build a toilet booth out of bricks or logs, then you should think about the quality strengthening of the foundation. But there is no point in building such structures, since they will not be warmer than light buildings. Unless you have a need for thermal insulation of the room with the help of insulation, which has a small weight, for example, foam. This building will be warm, light, windproof in winter and not too hot in summer.
Having decided on the choice of material, you can begin to choose the size of the booth. If you decide to build a country toilet with your own hands, then we offer you the following drawings.
As a rule, a standard toilet, as you noticed in the drawings above, has a height of 2.3 meters, a width of 1 meter, and a length of 1.3-1.5 meters. But these dimensions can vary, and should not be considered as a dogma. Be that as it may, the room should be as comfortable as possible for all family members to be in it.What you need to build a country toilet with your own hands
Having chosen the design and dimensions of the toilet, you need to buy building materials. You can buy a metal or wooden "house" ready-made. If you decide to build it yourself, then be prepared for the fact that you will need the following materials:
- wooden bars and boards;
- fasteners - self-tapping screws and nails;
- metal corners to reinforce the wooden frame;
- roof covering material - corrugated board or slate;
- door handle, latch or hook for closing;
- wooden or plastic toilet seat with a lid;
- foam for insulation and material for sheathing insulated walls: thin board, chipboard or plywood (if necessary).
For the device of the cesspool you will need:
- crushed stone, cement, sand;
- reinforcement for strengthening the foundation structure;
- a metal chain-link mesh (intended for covering the pit) and metal pins or brackets for attaching it to the ground.
Also, instead of the grid and its plastering with concrete, you can use a brick, which will be lined with the walls of the pit. Moreover, for the device of the pit, concrete rings are often used, which have holes in the walls. Many summer residents prefer old rubber tires.
Another good environmentally friendly option would be a ready-made container - a septic tank. You can find them in a variety of sizes, so you will choose the right one, depending on the length of your stay in the country and the number of family members.
Of course, when building a country toilet with your own hands, you cannot do without special tools, so prepare in advance:
- bayonet or shovel with a short and long handle;
- a hand drill that will help when digging a pit;
- perforator (if the site has rocky soil);
- screwdriver or hammer;
- grinder - "grinder" with discs for metal and stone;
- jigsaw;
- marking tool - tape measure, ruler, square, pencil, building level or marker.
How to make a cesspool with your own hands?
Of course, it’s worth starting with marking and digging a hole, which can be round or square (depending on which design scheme for the country toilet was chosen).
If you are planning to install a two-chamber plastic septic tank, then the hole is dug so that the inlet pipe is in the toilet cubicle, since a toilet seat will be installed on it. The neck of the second chamber - remains outside the room, as it is required to adjust the pumping of fecal matter.
Tanks can be of different shapes, since the shape and dimensions of the pit depend on this. The size of the pit must be made 20 cm larger than the capacity, since it is necessary to compact the soil around it as best as possible.
If the walls of the pit are finished with brick or concrete, it can be made square or round.
After you dig a hole of the required depth, at the bottom it is necessary to arrange drainage from stones, large rubble, fragments of bricks.
Then, by throwing on the walls, a concrete solution is applied. It is left to dry completely. The total thickness of the layer may be approximately 50-80 mm.
When the first sketched layer grabs, the walls are plastered to a perfectly even state with the same concrete mortar. Then wait until the plastered pit dries.
The pit is covered either with a finished reinforced concrete slab, or you can make it yourself. It will act as a foundation and a platform around the toilet.
Boards are laid on the pit itself. They should go beyond its limits by about 700-800 mm and be sunk into the ground to the level with the ground. They are treated with antiseptic agents. It is quite possible to replace such a wooden substrate with concrete columns.
Two holes are left on the surface for the cesspool and the installation of the toilet seat. Formwork is installed around them.
A dense polyethylene film is spread over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe foundation.
A reinforcing mesh is laid on top of it, which along the entire perimeter is enclosed in the formwork of the future foundation.
With regard to the height of the formwork of the holes, it must be exactly the same as the formwork of the entire foundation structure. When leveling the surface, formwork boards will act as beacons.
The concrete solution is mixed, after which it is poured onto the site, carefully leveled and left to dry. For the strength and durability of the concrete layer after the initial setting, you can iron the wet surface with dry cement.
After the site has matured, a toilet booth can be installed on it. On the hole, which is designed for pumping waste, you will need a hatch. You can buy it in the store or make it yourself. The hatch cover should be easy to close and open.
Another good option is a round pit made from tires. But do not forget that this type of hole cannot be used for a regular user. Such a toilet can only be operated in a dacha, and then if the owners come occasionally, for example, for the weekend, otherwise you will have to resort to pumping out waste very often.
To make a pit, a round pit is pulled out of car tires 150-200 mm larger than the diameter of the tires.
Drainage is laid at the bottom of the pit, having a thickness of 15-20 cm.
Further, tires are laid exactly in the center of the pit to the surface of the soil. As it is laid around the tires, a drainage layer of sand and gravel is filled up and well rammed. This process is carried out to the top.
When the tires are laid, it is recommended to arrange a strip foundation around the pit. To do this, a trench breaks out along the entire perimeter of the future structure, about 500 mm deep, where concrete is poured.
The bottom of the trench is compacted, after which it is covered with sand of 50-70 mm. It also needs to be compacted and covered with a layer of rubble of exactly the same thickness.
Waterproofing is made of dense polyethylene.
Then you can weld a lattice from the reinforcement, install it and mount the formwork 100-150 mm above ground level, and then pour it with concrete mortar. Make a foundation of brick, and then plaster it with cement.
After the mortar has hardened, remove the formwork from the cement foundation, and level the brick on top. Further, roofing material is laid on its surface. It will separate the concrete surface from the wood.Then the finished design of the country toilet is installed on the foundation, or it is built independently.
For the convenience of building on the foundation, the base-frame is first fixed, consisting of powerful bars, and then the rest of the structural elements are mounted on it, depending on the model of construction that you choose.
It is worth noting another option for arranging a cesspool - metal barrels with a cut bottom. They are installed on top of each other and then act in the same way as in the case discussed above. A mixture of sand and gravel or a gravel mixture is tamped around the pipe.
It would seem that such a method is simple to implement, but it has many more disadvantages than advantages. Metal barrels under the negative influence both from the outside and from the inside will quickly begin to corrode, and this toilet will not last long.
Do-it-yourself country toilet: building a house, photo
After the pit and the platform for installing the toilet are ready, you can proceed with the installation of the house according to the previously drawn up scheme.
It should be said right away that houses for a country toilet can have a variety of shapes. Many even make them in the form of a fabulous hut, and others may not immediately understand what kind of room fits so harmoniously into the landscape design. Such a structure can be made with your own hands, having an idea of \u200b\u200bthe scheme for its assembly.
In the photo you will see an option partially made of logs, which give the structure a decorative effect, masking the purpose of the building.
In the diagram you see the basis for building a log house, only boards are used instead of logs. It is perfectly visible how the walls of the structure are assembled and the slopes of the roof rise. The internal space is distributed, and a place has been chosen for the toilet seat.
The next step will be the roof lathing, roofing and wall decoration using the selected material (both wood and metal can be used).
The house can be installed on a pit or used as a room for a dry closet.
This variant of the structure of the toilet was called the "hut". In this case, the house is built in the form of a triangle, and its side walls act as a roof. The form is extremely simple, so the construction process will not cause you any difficulty.This design is easy to build, as well as easy to use - it is very stable and quite spacious inside.
In the photo you will see the entire internal structure, the installation location of the toilet seat and the lathing of the roof walls. Finishing of the front and rear walls has begun. You can put the “hut” house on a well-equipped cesspool, as in the above case, or use it as a room for a dry closet.
In this photo you see a house for a country toilet of a traditional form, which is found in many areas. However, even such a seemingly simple design you can decorate according to your preference. For example, a toilet in this area was made to look like a Japanese house. This is evidenced by the hieroglyphs on the tablet, which is suspended on chains, an additional roof and a Japanese lantern at the entrance. Moreover, the interior space is also designed in the same style.
This attitude to design suggests that even from such a structure as a toilet, you can make a real work of art if you put in a little more effort.
An approximate scheme of the building is shown in the photo. It clearly shows the cesspool, the installation of the structure of the toilet and the hatch for cleaning. This design is quite simple in the device and it is easy to build. However, in order for it to be reliable, it is necessary to achieve the rigidity of the ligaments of each of the parts among themselves. Internally, the space arranged above the cesspool may look like this during the construction of the walls. That is, a base of bars is installed directly on the foundation, on which the frame of the structure is subsequently fixed.
Upon completion of finishing the country toilet from the inside, the room will have a cozy and neat appearance, such as you see in the photo.
If you wish, you can come up with a different design of the toilet, but it is necessary to carry out interior decoration from warm materials. We do not recommend using ceramic tiles for decoration, as this is a cold material, and in winter the tile will also become slippery.
Dry closet in the countryside
If you cannot build a country toilet with your own hands or you do not have the desire or time to get involved in construction work, then use a dry closet. This option will save you from having to dig a hole and from installing a house.
A biotoilet is nothing more than an autonomous toilet that does not require either connection to outgoing communications or a separate room. It consists of two chambers, the upper of which acts as a toilet bowl, and the other is used for biological waste processing. In the lower chamber there are active substances that decompose feces, turning them into a homogeneous, odorless mass. The action of the bioactive liquid lasts for 10 days, after which the chamber is cleaned, the contents are poured into the soil or the central sewer.
The choice of disposal method depends on what substances were used in the dry closet. They come in three types: chemical, composting and microorganic. Each of them is ideal for a specific type of dry closet.
For composting, peat is used as an active substance. It is highly absorbent - 1 kg of peat is able to absorb 10 liters of liquid. Compost, which is odorless and obtained as a result of active processes, is perfect for fertilizing the garden.
As a rule, in the compost with this dry closet there are ventilation pipes that remove unpleasant odors during processing.
The work of a dry closet is based on the use of chemicals. It has an indicator that indicates that the container needs to be cleaned. Recycled waste is discharged into the sewer, and you do not harm the environment. For such models, there are special tools with non-freezing properties.
The third type is a dry closet, in which microorganisms are responsible for the waste processing process, turning them into compost. The material obtained in this way is environmentally friendly and absolutely safe for animals and soil, so it will not be difficult to dispose of it.
If necessary, you can install a dry closet in a normal room, which is located in the yard, and in winter bring it into the house, allocating a convenient place for these needs.
What biological agents are used for toilets
Owners of country houses with pit latrines on the site are offered special tools (they are similar to those used in dry closets).
As you can see, there are many ways to solve the problem of a toilet in a country house - you can always choose the most suitable option.
Thinking over the arrangement of a suburban area, many even try to make and arrange unsightly functional and outbuildings so that they harmoniously fit into the surrounding landscape.
There is nothing difficult in building a presentable and functional toilet in the country with your own hands. You just need to have basic construction skills and have the necessary materials on hand.
Design options for country toilets
When planning to build a do-it-yourself toilet in the country house, first of all, you need to decide on the type of future construction.
Conventionally, all street latrines can be divided into two types: with a cesspool and with a removable container. Constructions of the first type suggest the presence of a hole dug in the ground. The latrines of the second type are equipped with special containers for collecting waste, filled with peat with sawdust, or with a special aqueous solution.
Traditional pit latrine. This is the cheapest and most affordable way to implement an outdoor bathroom. The principle of its operation is quite simple: waste products fall into a cesspool, where the liquid part of which is partially absorbed into the soil and evaporates, and the dense component accumulates. To clean the cesspools, they resort to the services of sewage companies.
Backlash closet. It is also equipped with a cesspool, but the walls of which are completely sealed. Emptying the cesspool in such a system is carried out only by pumping, using the toilet itself as a receiving funnel.
Powder closet. It is a construction of a pedestal with a toilet seat. The storage tank for collecting sewage, placed directly under the toilet seat, is sprinkled with a layer of peat, which has moisture-absorbing properties. A scoop with a bucket filled with a sawdust-peat mixture is installed next to the toilet seat. At each visit to the restroom, a portion of fresh peat is poured into the waste tank. After filling the container, it is taken out to the compost heap. Due to the mobility and compact design, it can be installed both inside a residential building and in a separate outdoor booth.
Chemical toilet. By type, it resembles a powder-closet, unlike a bio-toilet, the processing and splitting of sewage in it occurs under the action of chemical reagents. Using fluids based on biobacteria, waste products can be converted into a useful organic fertilizer, using plants as root food.
Choosing a place to build
Of fundamental importance in the construction of a toilet for a dacha with their own hands is the choice of a place for its construction. It is strictly regulated by the provisions of the current regulatory documents, according to which:
- The distance of the toilet to the water well, well or reservoir should be at least 25-30 meters.
- The restroom must be at least 12 meters away from the residential building.
- Cesspools must be securely isolated.
- When choosing a place, take into account the features of the terrain and the direction of the wind.
- When occurring on a groundwater site at a depth of up to 2 meters, only a dry closet, chemical or powder closet can be installed.
- In the case of groundwater occurrence at a depth of 2.5 meters, a toilet with a cesspool or a play closet can be erected.
Compliance with these precautions helps to prevent sewage from entering drinking water.
Drawing up a diagram - drawing and sizing
Before starting the construction of a street restroom, it is necessary to determine the dimensions of the future structure. The first step is to draw up a diagram or drawing. The shape and design of the future house is limited only by the imagination and capabilities of the master. It can be an ordinary house, a cute little house or an original hut. If desired, options for drawings of country toilets can be taken on the Internet on thematic forums.
The most in demand is a classic house with a cesspool. The most optimal sizes can be considered:
- Height from 2 to 2.3 meters;
- Length 1.5 -1.7 meters;
- Width 1-1.2 meters.
Tip: A detailed drawing diagram with exact dimensions will allow you to correctly calculate the dimensions of the structure and the amount of materials needed, thereby preventing possible errors and unnecessary costs.
Construction of a cesspool
At the installation site of an outdoor toilet, a cesspool is dug, giving it a square or round shape. The depth of the septic tank should not exceed 1.5 meters, and its diameter - 2.5 meters. But as practice shows, cesspools that have a round shape are more functional. They are highly durable and able to withstand heavy loads and pressure.
Tip: For digging a hole, it is better to use a shovel with a short handle. With such a tool, it will be easier to turn around in a tight space. A crowbar or pick will come in handy when digging through harder ground such as gravel, heavy clay, or limestone.
Pull out a hole of the desired size, compact its base. Instead of tamping, the bottom can be lined with a pillow of gravel. To ensure the necessary sealing of the device, the walls of the pit are laid out with brickwork, or concrete rings are installed.
Brickwork is reinforced with reinforced mesh or reinforcement. All joints are carefully sealed with cement mortar, followed by a waterproofing layer. This allows you to protect the crop from sewage and save groundwater from pollution.
Construction of a toilet house
The easiest way is to build a toilet house out of wood. As a support for the future structure, it is better to use three-meter wooden bars, or metal or concrete poles.
Materials and tools for building a toilet:
- Wooden bars with a section of 100x100 mm and 50x50 mm;
- Edged boards or fiberboard for sheathing;
- Floor boards for arranging the floor area;
- A piece of roofing material of 1.5 meters;
- Hacksaw and planer;
- garden drill;
- Building level;
- Self-tapping screws, nails, hammer.
Along the perimeter of the structure, with the help of a garden drill, four holes are made about one meter deep, the diameter of which is 2-3 cm larger than the size of the supporting pillars.
One of the ends of each pipe is treated with bituminous mastic, which prevents rotting and corrosion. The columns are immersed in turn in the holes, deepening by 90-100 cm and fixing them with cement mortar. When the solution acquires sufficient strength, you can proceed to the construction of walls.
Tip: Racks for the back wall of the house are made a little lower to provide a slope for the roof. At all stages of installation, it is necessary to control the vertical installation of racks using the building level.
In parallel with the supporting posts, beams for the door are installed. To give strength to the structure around the perimeter of the vertical racks of bars of the same size, upper and lower trim is performed.
Building walls and installing doors
To ensure waterproofing, a roofing material is laid between the frame and the columnar foundation, on top of which a floor area is hammered together from edged boards.
Important: To extend the life of the wooden elements of the house, they should be treated with a moisture-repellent and antiseptic composition, which can be purchased at any hardware store.
At a height of about half a meter, perpendicular bars are installed, which will serve as the basis for attaching the toilet seat. Stepping back one meter from the back wall, at the same level, a second jumper is made to equip the seat. The base of the seat is sheathed with a sheet of chipboard or boards. A hole in the seat is cut out with a jigsaw, all corners are cleaned with a planer from burrs. To waterproof the front of the toilet seat along the inner wall, you can use a dense plastic film.
The finished frame remains sheathed with fiberboard sheets or wooden edged boards 20 mm thick. You can place the boards both horizontally and vertically, fixing them on the frame with screws or nails. If desired, the walls of the house can be insulated with mineral wool or sheet foam.
At this stage of work, it is worth taking care of arranging a ventilation window, which in parallel with this will play the role of natural lighting.
The door block can be purchased ready-made or built with your own hands. It is installed so that it opens outwards, and is framed with a casing. Latches are installed both inside and outside the toilet.
Roof arrangement
The roof can be made from any roofing material you like: galvanized iron, tiles, slate, polycarbonate or simple edged boards. The boards are overlapped, fixing with roofing screws.
The light in the toilet can be led from the nearest building by throwing a two-core aluminum wire and installing a cartridge with a light bulb with a power of 40-60 watts. An excellent alternative to stationary lighting can be an LED, for the arrangement of which it is not necessary to lay a cable. An LED on a small battery, capable of illuminating a small room, is enough for the whole season.
Do-it-yourself simple country toilet: video
Building a toilet with an original design with your own hands: photo
After acquiring a summer cottage, the need for arranging a toilet arises immediately. How to create do-it-yourself toilet in the country so that the construction is simple and convenient. Ready-made drawings, a phased description of the construction progress, as well as small nuances that are described in the article will help in this.
The toilet is one of the most popular buildings, the need for which arises in the first hours of being in the country. Many have conveniences in the house, but it will never be superfluous to equip an outdoor toilet.
The design is quite simple, so even a person who does not have special skills and knowledge in this area can make it. And when fantasy is added, the room becomes an excellent addition and even decoration of a summer cottage.
Types of toilets and their features
The choice, however, is not great:
- with a cesspool;
- play closet;
- without a pit.
The lightest and most common design is pit toilet. The project is simple: a cesspool and a toilet house above it. As it fills with sewage, the pit is cleaned, for this they either order a special sewage machine, or do it on their own. Another option is to move the house to another place. If the hole is full, you can fill it up. The contents of the pit rots within 6-7 years. After the time has elapsed, you can return the toilet to its original place.
The type of outdoor toilet, the pit of which is hermetically sealed, is called play closet. Such a toilet has to be built if water sources or residential buildings are located nearby.
There are structures without a cesspool at all. Such types of toilet - powder closet- do it only if the toilet is rarely used. Or in a situation where groundwater is close to the surface. Then, instead of a pit, a container (bucket, barrel, plastic tank) is used, in which sewage is collected. The main thing is to correctly determine how often the toilet will be used in order to select the required capacity.
But in such designs there is a nuance. It will be necessary to sprinkle the contents with peat after each use of the toilet. Sometimes ash or sawdust is used instead of peat. In these toilet houses, a box for "masking powder" is installed. If the container is full, it is taken out and cleaned by hand, the contents are poured into the compost pit. If peat was used for masking, then the contents, over time, will be a good fertilizer.
It should be remembered! A cesspool is allowed to be made only if the groundwater passes at a depth of 2.5 m and below. Otherwise, you cannot dig a hole.
Watch the video! Do-it-yourself odorless hut toilet
How to choose the right place?
When it is planned to build a toilet with a cesspool, it is worth considering sanitary and hygienic standards. There are restrictions on the distance required for the location of such a building:
- 25m to a water source (well, river, etc.);
- 12m to dwelling or cellar;
- 8m to bath or summer shower;
- 4m to the tree;
- 1m to shrubs;
- At least 1m to the fence.
An important nuance! During construction, it is worth calculating the distance to the buildings located next to the site. It is also worth considering the features of the location of the house and the wind rose. When the site is located on a slope, the toilet is built at its low point.
Cesspool
When the place for the toilet is chosen and everything is prepared, the digging of the cesspool and its preparation begins. Often it is made square, at least 2 meters deep. They are distinguished by types:
- Sealed. In such a pit, the bottom is concreted. Before concreting, it is reinforced, and the reinforcement is installed on pegs so that it does not sink in concrete. The walls are also sealed. They are also strengthened, puttied or covered with bitumen seams.
- Absorbing. Often a hole is dug to the sand, rubble or pebbles are laid out at the bottom. In such a pit, the liquid fraction of sewage quickly goes into the ground.
There are several basic ways to strengthen the walls of the pit:
- Brick laying;
- Concrete structure;
- Reinforced concrete rings, which can be bought ready-made;
- Plastic barrel.
The top of the pit can be covered with beams, slate or concreted. The part under the toilet seat remains open. Now it's time to take directly to the design of the toilet house.
House building
The ideal size for a toilet house in a summer cottage is 1 * 1.5 m, in height - up to 2.5 m. Then it will be convenient to be in it even for people with large dimensions. You can take ready-made drawings, if there are no special wishes, so as not to do them yourself.
Why is it worth doing everything according to the scheme? This will allow you to plan the amount of materials that will be needed for the construction and approximately calculate the budget.
Making the base
The house must be pushed 2/3 forward from the cesspool. In this way, it is possible to provide access to the cleaning pit behind the rear wall of the structure.
A shallow foundation will help ensure the stability of the structure. It makes no sense to make it very deep, but between it and the frame it is necessary to make waterproofing, for example, use roofing material. But if the building is light and wooden, then such a need may disappear altogether. The base is enough to install on concrete blocks.
The base is enough to install on concrete blocks. You can also put four supporting pillars. To do this, at the corners of the future structure, it is necessary to dig holes with a depth of 50-60 cm. If the earth is soft, it is better to go deeper by 1 m, in which to install asbestos pipes. 1/3 of the holes must be filled with cement. Support beams are installed in the pipes and the pits are completely filled with concrete.
Frame assembly
Bars for the frame can be taken with a section of 50 × 50 mm or 80 × 80 mm. No need to use thicker material:
Frame sheathing
For this, wooden boards are used.
Advice! By placing them vertically, you can save material. If you place the boards horizontally, they will imitate a log house and the design looks more interesting.
Boards tightly fitted together are attached to the base. Instead of a board, you can use slate, corrugated board and any materials that the budget provides.
The wooden parts of the building are treated with antibacterial impregnations so that they are protected from pests and moisture damage. After coating, they are painted or varnished.
Roof structure
It is recommended not to make protrusions more than 30 cm from the edges of the walls. They begin to assemble the roof by fixing several boards parallel to each other. Then the visor is sewn up from the bottom and the boards are attached outside around the entire perimeter. Waterproofing (most often roofing material) is laid on such a basis and then they are already covered with the material that is chosen for the roof (metal profile, shingles or slate).
For those who like non-trivial solutions, you can look for various interesting drawings or design them yourself. There is another option to buy ready-made toilets. They are assembled as a constructor, detailed instructions and drawings are attached to each.
Exhaust ventilation from the pit
To remove unpleasant odors from the cesspool, exhaust ventilation is designed. To do this, take a pipe, most often 100 mm in diameter. Its bottom is wound into a pit, and the top protrudes at least 20 cm above the roof. This pipe is attracted by clamps to the back wall of the building inside or outside. A special deflector nozzle is mounted on the head to increase traction.
toilet doors
The door can be any: purchased from wood or plastic, or even homemade. Hang it on a couple of loops. To close the door, simple simple mechanisms are used:
- latches;
- bolts;
- hooks on both sides.
It makes no sense to install any complex locks, under the influence of moisture they deteriorate quickly enough.
Light in the toilet
You should think about lighting so that using the toilet at night is more comfortable. There are a lot of options: from a battery-powered wall lamp to a lighting device that connects to the network.
During daylight hours, a window will suffice for these purposes. It is made either above the door, or in its upper part. But fantasy can be limitless. There are many options: from windows carved with different figures in the walls, to the construction of a transparent roof.
An important nuance! The life of the pit latrine will increase if it does not contain toilet paper, personal care products or household waste. We need to put a trash can. If the size of the toilet allows, a small washbasin can be installed.
Peculiaritiespowder closet facilities
There are practically no differences with the usual toilet. The main thing is that such a toilet does not have a cesspool. But when constructing a house, it is necessary to consider how it will be possible to remove the container that is used instead of the pit. Often, for this, a door is mounted either on the back wall of the toilet or on the front wall of the toilet seat. Inside the booth, a box is installed in which material for "covering" is stored. Ventilation is a prerequisite for a toilet of this kind. The difference is that the pipe is lowered under the toilet seat.
Conclusion
It is not difficult to build a toilet in a summer cottage. The main thing is to choose a suitable drawing and be guided by the description of the construction presented above. And which design to choose, fantasy will tell.
Watch the video! Do-it-yourself country toilet
We all love comfort in everyday life, but we rarely get it just like that, without any effort. Someone pays “specialists” for repairs in their home, often getting a carelessly done job, while someone prefers to do everything with their own hands, which, without a proper approach, can also lead to problems.
At the same time, any path involves significant financial costs, and therefore the initially correctly chosen approach not only saves your nerves in the future, but also saves the family budget.
And if at the moment, most apartments are already equipped with all the necessary amenities, then things are often somewhat worse at summer cottages, often people who come from the city to their dacha experience a number of inconveniences, and one of the most noticeable is the lack of a toilet.
In this article, I would like to tell you how, using relatively cheap materials, you can make a toilet in the country with your own hands. He will delve into the intricacies of this process, explain all the nuances and difficulties, because a do-it-yourself toilet in the country, the photo of which you will see in the article, is not at all a luxury, but a necessity.
So, how to build a toilet in the country with your own hands?
First of all, you need to know about this process that the construction of such a structure in our time is more expensive than before, unfortunately, it is not even connected with the trend of fashion, but with new sanitary requirements, which strongly indicate the need to preserve an environmentally friendly environment.
At the same time, the issue of disposal of accumulated waste products is acute, because the need to regularly clean them from a simple toilet in the country can turn the life of any person into a nightmare. This problem will be solved by modern technologies, which have now become much cheaper and more accessible, which allows most people to use them on their plots.
Finally, here again the desire to create the most comfortable conditions for existence intervenes, few people will now be satisfied with a small rickety booth with a hole in the floor, which is quite understandable, because such structures do not improve summer vacation at all, and besides, they spoil the view of the site as a whole.
In this regard, it becomes clear that the ideal toilet for a summer residence should be safe for the environment, convenient in terms of waste disposal, comfortable to use and fit beautifully in a summer cottage.
After defining the main task, it is necessary to solve a number of other important issues:
1. Based on local conditions, determine how wastewater will be discharged, where it will be discharged, how it will be disposed of.
2. Find a suitable place in your summer cottage to install a toilet.
3. Make a choice of the preferred design solution - it can be a booth or a cabin.
4. Find a decorative design that would optimally match the complexity of construction and appearance.
5. Determine the necessary for all expenses.
All these issues are largely interconnected, so they need to be addressed in a comprehensive manner, thinking about how to make a toilet in the country with your own hands. At the same time, when building a booth, you can afford more freedom, since only the appearance and convenience depend on it, and the base is the most complex and expensive element here.
What to build a toilet in the country?
In most cases, it is best to build a wooden toilet for a summer residence, this is due to the cheapness of this material, in addition, wood is very easy to process, it has good heat-resistant characteristics and, with a competent approach, does not cause any harm to a person. With proper processing, it can be weather-resistant and unsuitable for any bacteria or insects to grow on it.
In addition, a lightweight wooden structure allows you to save on the foundation, which in some cases may not be useful at all, because the size of the toilet in the country with your own hands can be small, in which case its cabin can simply be placed on reinforced concrete monoliths or bricks.
To build a simple toilet in the country with your own hands, you need to decide on the types of materials.
For the construction of the frame, an ordinary beam is often used, it is convenient to cover the floor and the toilet seat with a tongue-and-groove board, trimmed or tongue-and-groove boards are suitable for external cladding, and cut and uncut boards are well suited for roof lathing.
In the construction of sheathing, boards made of waterproof plywood or OSB can be effective, which can also be used in creating laths for purlins. A good material can be a grooved board, which, at a slightly higher price, surpasses most other materials in its properties.
For curved sections, it is optimal to use a marine boat board, which, in addition to everything else, will last much longer in an area where precipitation is frequent, however, compared to a sheet pile board, it holds back gusts of wind worse.
Without exception, all wooden elements must be treated first against rot, then from dampness. It is this sequence that is the most correct, in which the boards will serve the longest time.
Those parts of the toilet that will be turned inward (toward the cesspool and the ground) must also be treated with bituminous mastic or hot bitumen.
What kind of toilet to build in the country?
Even if you decide to build a simple toilet in the country with your own hands, you should not forget about the importance of its appearance. There are a number of types of cabins, in the form of a house, a hut, a hut, a birdhouse. In the end, you can always experiment with shapes, do something completely unusual, however, in my article I will focus on the basic options without going into the field of complex design.
So, what is the difference between the listed types of cabins:
1. During the construction of a hut, one must understand that it is strong, constructive, has good resistance to precipitation and wind, does not require large expenditures of materials, however, it requires a lot of space and suffers from a number of inconveniences, primarily from crowding. If you try to make it larger, then the benefit of saving materials disappears. The design itself is primitive, and may not be suitable for some suburban areas.
2. In terms of the complexity of construction, a birdhouse is even simpler than a hut, it does not require large expenditures of materials and takes up minimal space. However, it has a weak design, does not hold temperatures well, and is prone to drafts. Despite the shortcomings, such a design may be optimal if an outdoor toilet is intended for summer cottages.
3. In the construction of a house, you can achieve greater heat resistance and strength than a birdhouse. It also requires a little land and materials, but it is more difficult to install a water tank to it. This design allows you to use a variety of finishes and design elements.
4. The complexity of the construction of the hut is superior to other types of cabins, in addition, it requires more material consumption. At the same time, its faceted shape allows you to create very durable structures that are well protected from adverse climatic conditions. In terms of functionality and ergonomics, this is one of the best options. And the design possibilities are almost endless.
When the view is finally chosen, it is necessary to determine the size of the toilet in the country.
For a birdhouse with a house, the ideal dimensions of the floor and toilet seat are at least 1.2 meters in width and 1.5 meters in depth. In the case of a hut and a hut, the depth can be left at the level of 1.5 meters, and the width can be taken in the region of 0.9 meters.
It is important that there is at least 40 centimeters of distance from the head of the person who entered to the walls. At the same time, several meters can be called the optimal ceiling height. In general, when the question arises of how to build a toilet in the country, it is important to remember that many of its parameters will depend on your preferences. In this regard, the size of the toilet can be adjusted depending on your own height, etc.
Almost all of the types of cabins listed above suffer from a common disadvantage, namely, exposure to gusts of wind if the toilet door is not closed. To combat this, you just need to install the door on the barn hinges. For more durable structures such as a hut, you can use hidden loops.
Where to put the toilet in the country?
You can’t think about how to make a simple toilet in the country without taking into account such important aspects as its location, especially if it involves the presence of a cesspool, the construction of which is prohibited if the groundwater is located above 2.5 meters.
The choice of a construction site should be based on a number of factors, such as the type of soil, the proposed foundation, the distance from the house, etc. All these elements are closely interconnected and require a serious approach, because not only convenience, but also safety for you and the environment depends on this.
There are strict sanitary standards that prohibit the location of structures of this kind at a distance closer than 12 meters from the nearest housing, and the distance from a water source must be at least 20 meters. In addition, it is important to remember about the neighbors, who are unlikely to approve the construction of a toilet right under their fence.
In order to build a toilet for the dacha yourself, you must first decide how far you are willing to walk, in some cases, the distance of the toilet from the house only has a positive effect on the atmosphere of the summer cottage, and the proximity of the house to the cesspool can be quite unpleasant, for example, due to possible odours. At the same time, the location of the toilet should be accessible to the entrance of the sewage truck, because the maximum length of its hose is about 7 meters.
It is good if it is possible to install a toilet in an inconspicuous and secluded place, for example, in a garden, where trees cover it from the general view. It is also important to remember that locating the toilet in a low-lying area can cause the pit latrine to fill up more quickly, since most of the rainfall will fall directly into it. And the location of such a structure at a height can make it prone to strong gusts of wind.
Once the site was definitely needed to decide what type of cesspool is suitable for it.
Varieties of cesspools for a toilet in the country
In order to gradually build a toilet in the country, it is important to choose the right type of cesspool. They differ mainly in the degree of penetration of waste products into the soil, and are divided into sealed pits, as well as pits with a filter bottom.
Sealed pits require more money, due to the more frequent need to clean them. Pits with a filter bottom are cheaper, but they are fraught with environmental pollution, in addition, their use is not allowed in terms of sanitary standards.
There are different types of walls for cesspools, they can be monolithic, brick, plastic, and also consist of concrete rings. Each option has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Brick pit latrines aren't cheap, but they're strong enough, they can be built quite deep to reduce the need for frequent cleaning, and they seal fairly well. It is possible to create both a hermetic version and a design with a filtering bottom.
Plastic containers are quite inexpensive, but due to their size they will require more frequent cleaning, when creating a sealed structure, only the upper part is cut off from the container, when creating a filter, the lower part is also cut off, while the bottom is covered with a filter layer.
Structures made of concrete rings cannot be airtight, because they move easily in the ground, their use is permissible only in those places where groundwater is located at a considerable depth. After filling the pit with rings, its bottom is either covered with a concrete screed or a filter layer.
Monolithic concrete pit latrines are well sealed, but due to the nature of the construction, they can be difficult and expensive to make too deep, and therefore, they will often have to be cleaned.
Speaking about cesspools, one would think that the construction of such structures is extremely difficult, below you will see how you can build a toilet in the country, photos, instructions, a description of the process.
Do-it-yourself toilet in the country in stages with a photo
Approaching the question of how to thoroughly make a toilet in the country house yourself, let's take a relatively simple and comfortable design, accompanying its construction with photographs, because in order to build a toilet in the country house with your own hands, drawings are not necessary, it is quite easy to do without them.
The foundation will be concrete pillars, for them we make holes of 130 millimeters by 0.8 meters. We insert pipes inside to the maximum possible depth (for example, old water pipes). After that, we fill everything with a solution using roofing material and sleeves.
The strapping will be a 100 by 100 beam, which we will fasten to the corners.
We cover the floor and the toilet seat with grooved boards. The design for the toilet seat itself is standard, nothing special, you can make it removable.
Racks are made of timber 50 to 50.
We make the roof from planed boards 25 by 120, add flat galvanized sheets to them, bending them along the edges at the back and front, from the sides we close the boards with a galvanized profile.
For walls and a toilet seat, we take 9 millimeters of OSB, varnish them on the inside to reduce the risk of splinters, and the toilet seat is also varnished.
The outer crate is made of a bar 25 by 50, almost any will do, we put siding on top of it.
In the lower part along the perimeter of the structure, you can put some trimmings from corrugated board, this will help create the desired visual effect.
The threshold can be finished with galvanization.
Polycarbonate can be used for the window at the entrance; small gaps can be allowed to create ventilation.
The door is made from an OSB sheet, boards 25 by 120 are applied from below and above, a board is also placed on the outside, space is left for siding, you can fasten the boards with the OSB sheet with simple self-tapping screws. Also, siding is attached to the structure with small screws.
I hope that the description of how to make a toilet for the dacha with your own hands, a step-by-step photo of this process, will inspire someone to new feats in improving life comfort, because it is on such little things that the full enjoyment of a summer vacation depends.
Now you know how to make a toilet in the country, what difficulties it can have and what you need to consider.
Toilet in the country with their own hands. Video of the construction process.
The first building that appears on any lot is the toilet. We can somehow do without a house and a soul, but without this building - in any way. For many, a do-it-yourself toilet for a summer residence is the first building experience. It’s good that the structure is uncomplicated, so even without experience it’s easy to handle.
The very first building in the country is a toilet. Often this is the first experience of building with your own hands.
Although the country toilet is not the most complex building, there are many features. A clear action plan is indispensable. Let's write down the steps on how to build a toilet in the country:
- Choose the type of toilet.
- Determine the location on the construction site.
- Decide on the size and materials for construction.
- Start building.
Now about each point in more detail.
Without cesspool
For the most part, pitless toilets are built much easier and faster. In them, waste is collected in an airtight container, which is usually placed directly under the toilet seat. The difference lies in how the waste is recycled and the odor is neutralized. There are the following types:
The advantages of country toilets without a cesspool (also called dry) are significant:
The cons are big too:
- Factory-made toilets are not that cheap.
- It is necessary to change the container periodically.
- It is necessary to monitor the availability of means of neutralization.
Norms for installing a toilet on the site
Most of the restrictions apply to pit latrines: possible contamination must be limited. The rules are:
The rest of the rules are valid for all types of toilets:
- There must be at least 1 meter to the boundary of the site.
- Doors should not open towards the adjacent area.
- When choosing a location, the prevailing wind direction must be taken into account.
When choosing a place where you will build a toilet for a summer cottage with your own hands, pay attention not only to your own buildings and objects, but also to your neighbors. This will help to avoid friction with them and with the sanitation station.
If you are going to build a toilet with a cesspool, you must also add to all the listed requirements - the organization of an entrance for a sewage truck.
How to make a toilet in the country with your own hands
You have already gone through the first two steps: you have chosen the type of toilet and the place to install it. The next step is choosing the dimensions. It's not that hard to figure them out. They told how to choose the volume of the cesspool - 1.5 cubic meters is enough for 2-3 people, now about what size the toilet house should be. It all depends on your own desire and on the dimensions of the owners. In the standard version, toilets are made in the following sizes:
- height - 220 cm;
- width - 150 cm;
- depth - 100 cm.
These dimensions are convenient for people with an average build. You can change them the way you like. There are no standards.
Houses for toilets are most often made of wood. But this is not the rule. It can be made of sheet material such as fiberboard, GVL, flat slate, brick and any other building materials, profiled sheet metal, even plastic.
A toilet in the country with their own hands is built from any material. This one is made of corrugated board
The most favorite roofing material for a country toilet is slate. The device of a soft roof from the built-up materials is inexpensive. In general, you can use any available. It is attached to a solid crate, so there is not much difference.
Building a village toilet
The last stage is the actual construction. The procedure is determined by what type of toilet you will build. If with a cesspool, they make it first.
Cesspool for toilet
The procedure for construction is as follows:
In order not to mess with masonry and waterproofing, you can install a special plastic container - a septic tank. They come in different sizes and designs - with one or two necks.
Septic tanks in the cesspool of the country toilet - and no problems with waterproofing
The pit is dug a little larger than the size of the selected septic tank, the container is installed, covered with previously excavated soil. The device of such a cesspool is many times faster and more reliable.
Cabin for country toilet
Any toilet for a summer residence is installed in a small cabin-house. With your own hands, the easiest way is to make a rectangular structure with a shed roof: a minimum of time, cost and materials.
Cabin base - posts
First of all, you need to take care of the presence of the floor. It needs to be raised some distance above the ground. It is more convenient to do this with the help of columns folded in the corners of the building. It is hardly worth burying them to the depth of freezing of the soil, but it is necessary to bury them in the soil 20-30 cm below the fertile layer. They are usually built from bricks, rubble stone, they can be poured from concrete, etc. On such a basis, during heaving, the cabin will rise, but usually this does not lead to any serious damage: the structure is small.
As it turned out, it’s not so difficult to build a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands. Little time and cost is required. But in the process you will gain useful skills.