The zealous owners, accustomed to doing all the housework with their own hands, sooner or later come to the conclusion that the home workshop lacks a homemade turning device for processing metal blanks. A person who once used such equipment boasts for a long time to his comrades how easily and naturally a neat piece made by himself is obtained from a shapeless piece of iron on such a machine.
Naturally, you can buy a finished product in a store, but not everyone can afford it, and therefore many people decide to make turning equipment for metal with their own hands. But for this, a home craftsman must understand the principle of operation and the device of such equipment and prepare everything expendable materials... You will also need a minimum set of tools and, of course, the desire to do not the easiest work on your own.
What is a homemade lathe for?
There is not a single real owner who would not want to get a compact, reliable, and most importantly inexpensive machine for metal processing in his arsenal. Such equipment allows you to perform many, both the simplest and complex operations associated with the manufacture of metal parts, from boring holes and ending with the surrender of metal blanks of unusual shapes.
Of course, if the financial situation allows, then you can not bother making a lathe with your own hands. However, the factory equipment has impressive dimensions, and placing it in a garage or small utility room will be problematic. Therefore, the only correct solution is to manufacture metalworking equipment with your own hands in size, which will meet all the requirements.
A home-made machine for processing metal products, which will be manufactured, taking into account all the features of its use, will have simple control, not take up a lot of usable space in the room and be distinguished by simple and at the same time reliable operation. On such a metal lathe, you can easily process any small-sized steel workpieces.
The design and principle of the lathe
Before you start assembling metalworking equipment with your own hands, it is important to familiarize yourself with the main components and mechanisms of a metal lathe. The design of the simplest equipment is obligatory includes the following elements:
The components of a homemade lathe are placed on the bed. In the case of a do-it-yourself unit, this is a metal frame. The tailstock moves along the frame. In turn, the purpose of the headstock is to accommodate the underlying mechanism that rotates the equipment. Moreover, this element has a fixed structure. A transmission mechanism is installed on the bed, which connects the driving center with an electric motor. Through this central device, the rotational movement is transmitted to the metal workpiece to be processed.
Do-it-yourself metal lathe bed, in most cases made from wooden blocks... In addition to wood, you can use metal corners or steel profiles. The material from which the frame will be made does not really matter, the main thing is that the centers of the equipment are securely and motionlessly attached to the base.
Almost any electric motor can be installed on homemade metalworking equipment, even with low power ratings. However, it is important to understand that a low-power motor may not be able to cope with the rotation of bulky metal workpieces at the required speed, which will lead to a decrease in the quality of the work performed. Low-power motors are best used if it is planned to process wood parts on a lathe.
The communication of the rotary movement from the electric motor to the main unit of the machine occurs by means of a frictional, belt or chain type of transmission. At the same time, the belt drive is considered the most popular, since has a low cost with high reliability. I would like to note that some home craftsmen assemble equipment in which the transmission mechanism is not provided, and the working tool is fixed directly to the motor shaft.
Features of homemade machines
In order to prevent increased vibration of the processed metal workpiece, it is important to observe that the leading and driven center structures are located on the same axis. If you plan to assemble the machine with your own hands only with a leading center, then it is necessary to provide in advance for the installation of a special cam mechanism - a cartridge or faceplate.
On the advice of experienced specialists, the installation of collector electric motors on self-made metal processing units is not recommended. In such devices, spontaneous increase in speed in the absence of a working load, which, in turn, leads to the flyout of the workpiece from the fasteners and possible injury to the person working at the machine. A part flying out at high speed can cause a lot of damage in the confined space of a home workshop.
If, for some reason, the installation of a collector-type electric motor is inevitable, then it is imperative to install a special reduction gearbox. Thanks to this mechanism, it is possible to completely prevent the uncontrolled acceleration of the equipment in the absence of a load on the workpiece.
The most practical, convenient and inexpensive for a do-it-yourself metal lathe is an asynchronous electric motor. Such a motor has high stability during loading. without changing the speed, which allows to ensure high quality of processed metal blanks, the width of which does not exceed 100 mm. In general, the design and power parameters of the electric motor must be selected in such a way that the part to be processed receives the required force during rotation.
The driven center mechanism located on the tailstock can be of either a fixed or a rotating design. For its manufacture, a standard bolt is used, which is sharpened in a conical shape on the threaded section of the product. The prepared part is lubricated with engine oil and mounted in the female thread in advance, cut in the tailstock. The bolt should have a free play of approximately 25-30 mm. Thanks to the rotation of the bolt, the workpiece is pressed between the central mechanisms.
Turning equipment assembly procedure
The easiest to make with your own hands is a bow-type metalworking machine. The use of such homemade equipment allows you to grind metal and wood products, as well as sharpen knives and other cutting tools with a little improvement. Such equipment is very useful if a car or other moving vehicle is to be repaired. In this case, the assembly procedure itself provides for a number of simple works.
A self-made construction of a metal lathe, assembled by hand, can be used not only for its intended purpose, but also for other household needs. It is possible on one of the moving parts connected to the shaft of an electric motor, install grinding wheel and sharpen various tools on it or perform grinding or polishing of surfaces.
Power equipment selection
The frame of home-made equipment, if possible, should be mounted on a metal base by securely fastening to the bed. After that, you need to install all the individual components and mechanisms of the turning unit, of which there are not so many. At the next stage, they proceed to work with the power unit of the equipment. First of all, you need to select an electric motor of the appropriate parameters. Since we are talking about metal processing - a fairly durable material, then the motor must be powerful:
- when processing small metal parts, a motor with a power of 0.5 to 1 kW is sufficient;
- for turning larger workpieces, it is better to use a 1.5-2 kW motor.
For homemade metalworking equipment, an engine from an old sewing machine or from any other unnecessary household appliance is suitable. The choice depends on what is available in the home workshop or is inexpensive when purchased in a store. A hollow shaft made of steel or, as it is called, a spindle head, is connected to the electric motor. For this purpose, a belt or any available transmission is used. The shaft connects to a keyed pulley. A pulley will be needed to place the working part of the tool on it.
Lift mechanism connection is performed either with his own hand, or they seek help from specialists. At the same time, an experienced electrician will do everything quickly and efficiently, and the owner of the machine will have complete confidence in the safety of using the electrical parts of the lathe. After the completion of assembly work, the equipment is ready for use. Also, if necessary, a person can expand the functionality of the equipment.
Having made a machine for processing metal parts with their own hands, a person will receive an irreplaceable assistant in the home workshop. And given the versatility of such equipment, everyone can hone their skills in plumbing. A self-made machine will meet all the requirements for it and will not take up much space in the house or garage.
To assemble a homemade lathe at home, you don't even need drawings. But on this device you can make nice coasters, handles for different tools and much more.
A homemade lathe can be made by picking up an electric motor, a wooden block, a wooden board, a 9/32 head from a set of tools, an M 12 bolt with two nuts. After all the necessary components are purchased, you can start assembling the structure.
An electric motor removed from an old sewing machine is suitable as a motor, since there is a pedal that regulates the rotation speed. As a blank for the chuck, a 9/32 head is suitable, which is fixed to the shaft using cold welding, or the electric motor can be fixed on a wooden block by screwing it with screws or by cold welding. You can use two-component instant glue, which is thoroughly smeared with the bottom of the electric motor, and a wooden block is applied to it. In order for the parts to stick well together, they must be fixed in a folded state (until the glue cures). After the parts are securely glued together, they must be installed on a wooden board, which will be the bed. The tailstock is cut from an L-shaped block of wood. It is installed on a board-bed opposite the electric motor and is fixed with screws. An M 12 bolt is screwed into an improvised tailstock, on both sides its position is fixed with nuts. The end of the bolt must be tapered. This can be done with an electric drill. The bolt is clamped in it, and then with the help of a file, the cone is brought on the bolt. And now the homemade lathe is ready to go.
You can try it by turning a piece of wood. To do this, it needs to be given a six- or octagonal shape, a hole for the tailstock bolt should be screwed in the center on one side, and on the other, a hole should be drilled, which will be slightly smaller than the diameter of the 9/32 head. The workpiece is inserted into the chuck and pressed by the tailstock. Next, the engine starts, which rotates the workpiece. Now you can start processing it. For work, you do not need to forget about safety precautions. The workpiece must be machined in. It is absolutely forbidden to stop the rotating workpiece by hand!
Homemade design for metal turning
A homemade metal lathe differs from the previous design in a more complex device. It has a rigid metal frame made of channels, which is its bed. A fixed headstock is attached to the left end of this frame, and a support is provided at the right end. In such a machine, there is already a spindle with a driver chuck or faceplate attached to it. Rotation is transmitted to the spindle by means of an electric motor. If in the previous case the cutter had to be held by hand, then this cannot be done when turning metal. Such loads arise here that you simply cannot hold the cutter with your hands. Therefore, a homemade lathe is equipped with a slide that can move along the longitudinal axis. It has a tool holder that can move in a direction transverse to the line of movement of the caliper. You can control its movement using a handwheel, on which a graduated ring is installed. The handwheel rotates by hand.
Possibility of installing CNC
You can make a homemade CNC lathe using two stepper motors and any 2-3 axis control board. This is very suitable for. Considering that such a machine in the store will cost a decent amount, it makes sense to do it yourself!
It is quite easy to make a homemade metal lathe with your own hands, but first you need to figure out what this equipment is.
The lathe was invented many hundreds of years ago. Initially it was a manual equipment, but after going through many different upgrades, it has been transformed and become easier to use.
Today the lathe is an indispensable device in absolutely any production. Now you can find various forms and configurations of this equipment, which are designed for different purposes.
What are they used for
The lathe can be used in production for various purposes. The main purposes of this equipment include:
- processing of end, internal and external bodies of revolution;
- thread.
Lathe machining is the most common way of making various bodies of revolution, such as discs, shafts or nuts. At this time, there is a change in the shape and size of the workpiece due to the removal of the allowance. The workability of a particular material depends on its structure, as well as physical and chemical properties.
Threading on a lathe is done with a cutter. This tool is usually divided by specialists into 3 types:
- prismatic;
- rod;
- round.
But it is also important to remember that the thread on a lathe can also be made using taps and dies. The former help in the production of metric female threads. And the latter are used for threading the outside of bolts and studs. The speed of this kind of work with steel dies is less than five minutes.
Device
The lathe has a rather difficult structure. Its main element is the spindle. So it is customary for specialists to call a hollow shaft made of steel, which has a cone-shaped hole. It is thanks to the latter that the installation of various tools and mandrels is carried out.
The spindle has a special thread, which is primarily intended for fixing a faceplate for a lathe on it. Some types of this equipment have a special groove on this main element. It is with its help that such a danger as uncontrolled clotting of the cartridge is eliminated.
The spindle is the main component of any lathe precisely because it is only thanks to it that really high-quality processing of any part is possible. Therefore, it is important to remember that the assembly in the radial and axial directions did not have any backlash, that is, a gap or gap between mating parts.
The power of the lathe also depends on the spindle. The performance of this unit will be higher if its main element has a high power of the drive motor.
Also, an important component of the lathe is the caliper. It is this element that provides fixation of the cutting tool and its movement in different directions. There is a tool holder on it, which is also called a cutting head.
Do it yourself
Despite the fact that the lathe has a rather complex structure, you can make a light version of it yourself without spending a lot of time and effort on it. It is also important that large material costs are not required.
The main components of the lathe:
- headstock (front and back);
- frame;
- drive unit;
- centers
- stop for the cutting tool.
Note: vibration during operation on the machine can be avoided if the centers of the device are located on the same axis.
When creating a machine, it is important to know that you cannot use an electric drive of a collector type for it. It is strictly forbidden to do this precisely because it is too powerful for a home device, and during its use, the processed element may simply fly out of the clamps. This threatens to damage the device and can lead to various injuries.
An asynchronous drive is best suited for a home machine. Its main advantage is that its rotational speed remains unchanged.
Support
As mentioned earlier, the lathe support is one of the components of this unit. It is used to fix the cutting tool and must also have a tool holder installed on it.
Due to the wide variety of different electric motors today, the one that exactly fits is quite difficult to choose. All drives are subdivided according to their power. For a homemade machine tool, as mentioned above, the best option would be an asynchronous electric motor, since it is he who does not change the speed.
Drill machine
There are many different ways to create a lathe yourself. Some make this unit with their own hands from a drill. It is perfect for light turning work at home.
In order for this machine to more efficiently perform its main tasks, it is necessary to fix the drill on the bed with a vice and a clamp, which is fixed on the neck.
Important to remember: the bed of such a device must be heavy and have high strength.
Summing up, I would like to note that a home lathe can, no worse than the one used in production, perform simple functions, while its manufacture does not require too much cost.
How to make a lathe with your own hands, see the following video:
A lathe is needed for the manufacture and processing of metal parts. Professional equipment is quite expensive, so in order to save money, you can make a homemade metal lathe with your own hands. This can be done in several ways, and drawings of such a product are easily found on the Internet. You can use improvised materials for manufacturing, the size of the machine can be any.
Do-it-yourself mini-lathe components
Any homemade lathe consists of the following elements:
- drive - the main part of the mechanism, which is responsible for its power. Choosing a drive with the required power is one of the most difficult tasks. In small lathes for metal with your own hands, you can use a drive from an ordinary washing machine or drill. Usually, the power of this element starts from 200 W, and the number of revolutions per minute - from 1500;
- frame - the supporting frame of the structure, which can be made of wooden blocks or steel angle. The bed must be characterized by high strength, otherwise the entire structure may fall apart from vibrations during operation;
- tailstock - made of a steel plate and a steel angle welded to it. The plate rests against the guides of the bed, and the main purpose of the tailstock of the lathe with your own hands is to fix the metal part during processing;
- headstock - a part similar to the tailstock, but mounted on a movable frame;
- master and slave centers;
- support - a thrust mechanism for the working part.
The torque from the engine to the working part of the machine can be transmitted in several ways. Someone prefers to directly install the working part on the motor shaft - this saves space and saves on spare parts. If this option is not possible, the torque can be transmitted using a friction, belt or chain drive. Each of these options has advantages and disadvantages.
The belt drive for the electric motor is the cheapest and is characterized by a fairly high level of reliability. For its manufacture, you can use a belt for an electric motor, removed from any other mechanism. The disadvantage of a belt drive is that over time, the belt can wear out and will have to be changed the more often the more intensively you work with the machine.
The device of the headstock and tailstock of a lathe. Headstock (left): 1 - V-belt; 2 - two-stage pulley; 3 - spindle; 4 - ball bearing. Tailstock (right): 1 - body; 2 - center; 3, 6 - handles; 4 - quill; 5, 12, 14 - screws; 7 - flywheel; 8 - thrust; 9, 10 - levers; 13 - nut
A chain drive is more expensive and takes up more space, but it will also last much longer than a belt drive. Friction transmission has intermediate characteristics between belt and chain.
DIY lathe support: drawings, how to make from scrap materials
The caliper is one of the most important parts of a homemade lathe - the quality of the future part depends on it, as well as the amount of time and effort that you will spend on its manufacture. This part is located on a special slide that moves along the guides located on the bed. The caliper can move in three directions:
- longitudinal - the working part of the machine moves along the workpiece. Longitudinal motion is used to grind a thread in a part or to remove a layer of material from the surface of a metal workpiece;
- transverse - movement perpendicular to the workpiece axis. Used to grind grooves and holes;
- oblique - movement at different angles to grind grooves on the surface of the workpiece.
When making a do-it-yourself lathe caliper, it is worth considering the moment that this part is subject to wear as a result of vibrations arising during operation. Because of them, the fasteners loosen, there is a backlash, all this affects the quality of the part being manufactured. In order to avoid such problems, the caliper must be regularly adjusted and adjusted.
Do-it-yourself adjustment of a self-made caliper for a lathe is carried out according to gaps, backlash and oil seals. Clearance adjustment is needed when the screw is worn out, which is responsible for moving the part in the longitudinal and transverse planes. As a result of friction, the caliper begins to loosen under loads, which significantly reduces the accuracy of the part manufacturing. Clearance can be eliminated by inserting wedges between the rails and the carriage. The backlash of the part is eliminated by means of the fixing screw.
If the oil seals in your machine are worn out, they should be thoroughly rinsed and soaked in fresh engine oil. In case of critical wear, it is better to completely replace the oil seals with new ones.
Support device: 1 - support carriage; 2 - lead screw; 3 - cross slide of the support; 4 - the rotary part of the support; 5 - guides of the turning part; 6 - tool holder; 7 - screw for fixing the tool holder; 8 - screws for fixing the cutters; 9 - handle for turning the tool holder; 10 - nuts; 11 - the upper part of the support; 12 - transverse guides of the carriage; 13 - handle for moving the upper part of the support; 14 - handle for moving the cross slide; 15 - handle for turning on the caliper feed from the lead screw; 16 - handwheel for longitudinal movement of the support; 17 - apron
Homemade metal lathe with your own hands: assembly procedure
The assembly of the mechanism is performed in the following order:
In addition, according to the drawings of a metal lathe with your own hands, you can see that to increase the stability of the cutting mechanism, a handcuff is made, and a thin strip of metal is fixed on the lower part of the structure. The latter serves to protect the working part of the machine from deformation during operation.
The device of a homemade lathe for metal processing: 1, 7 - channels; 2 - running pipe; 3 - tailstock; 4 - pallet for collecting shavings; 5 - support; 6 - lead screw; 8 - electric motor; 9 - fixed headstock; 10 - lamp in a protective reflector cap; 11 - mesh screen to protect the turner from chips; 12 - support
Choosing an electric motor for the machine
The most important part of a homemade metal lathe, the production video of which can be easily found on the Internet, is the electric motor. It is with its help that the movement of the working part of the machine is carried out. Accordingly, the power of the entire structure depends on the power of this mechanism. It is chosen depending on the size of the metal blanks with which you plan to work.
If you plan to work on a machine with small parts, a motor with a power of up to 1 kW is quite suitable for this. It can be removed from an old sewing machine or any other similar electrical appliance. To work with large parts, you need an engine with a power of 1.5-2 kW.
When assembling according to ready-made drawings of a homemade metal lathe, keep in mind that all electrical parts of the structure must be reliably insulated. If you do not have the necessary experience with electrical equipment, it is best to seek help with connecting to a specialist. So you will be sure of safe operation and reliability of the design.
Making a lathe from a drill with your own hands
If you want to save on spare parts and greatly simplify the task of assembling a homemade lathe, you can use a regular electric drill as a drive. This constructive solution has a number of advantages:
Of course, there are also downsides to a drill lathe. How to make machining of large parts possible with this tool? This is practically impracticable as the drill has relatively low torque and high RPM. Of course, you can increase these parameters if you still install a belt drive and, with its help, transfer the torque from the drill to the spindle, but this will greatly complicate the design, the main advantage of which is simplicity and compactness.
Making a homemade desktop metal lathe based on a drill makes sense in cases where you do not need to carry out large-scale work, and you only need to grind small parts.
To make a metal lathe based on an electric drill, you will need the same parts as for a conventional design, with the exception of the electric motor and headstock. The role of the latter is also performed by a drill. Considering the compact design, a regular table or workbench can be used as a bed, on which all the components of the machine will be fixed. The drill itself is fixed in the structure with a clamp and clamp.
With the help of a home-made lathe, you can not only grind parts, but also apply paint to a rotating workpiece, wind wire onto a transformer, make spiral notches on the surface of a part, and perform many other actions. In addition, if you assemble a copier attachment for the machine, then with its help you can quickly and effortlessly produce small identical parts.
Features of the work of lathes for metal with their own hands, video instructions as a way to avoid mistakes
Like any other equipment, homemade lathes have their own characteristics that must be taken into account when assembling and operating. For example, when working with large parts or when using a powerful electric motor, strong vibrations occur, which can lead to serious errors in the processing of the part. To get rid of vibrations, the driving and driven centers of the machine must be set on the same axis. And if you plan to install only the driving center, a cam mechanism must be attached to it.
In do-it-yourself desktop lathes for metal, it is not recommended to install a collector motor. It is prone to spontaneous increase in the number of revolutions, which can lead to the flyout of the part. This, in turn, can lead to work-related injuries or property damage. If, however, you cannot do without installing a collector motor, it is imperative to install a gearbox with it to reduce the speed.
The ideal motor option for a homemade lathe is an asynchronous one. It does not increase the speed during operation, is resistant to heavy loads and allows you to work with metal workpieces with a width of up to 100 mm.
The rules for installing and operating any type of electric motor for a lathe can be viewed in numerous video instructions on the Internet. With their help, you will not only avoid common mistakes during assembly, but also save time and effort thanks to the clarity of the material.
Safety precautions when working with a homemade lathe
When working with the structure, certain safety measures should be observed. So, after assembling the machine, you need to check its performance. The spindle should rotate easily and without delay, and the front and rear centers should be aligned with the common axis. The center of symmetry of the rotating part must coincide with its axis of rotation.
On any video of a lathe with your own hands, you can see that after installing the electric motor, it is covered with a special casing. The latter serves not only to protect the machine operator, but also to protect the motor itself from dust, metal particles and dirt. For a machine made on the basis of an electric drill, such a cover is not needed.
You should also adhere to the following safety rules:
Options for upgrading a homemade lathe
If you need a mechanism that can not only perform turning work, but also grind and paint a workpiece, the basic machine can be easily modified. It is best to do this for an electric drill-based design, since it is easiest to replace the working part in it.
There are several popular modifications of a metal lathe. How to make a tapered hole? To do this, two files must be attached to the base so that they form a trapezoid. After that, a spring mechanism is mounted, which ensures that the files are fed forward and at an angle, which makes it possible to drill tapered holes in the workpiece.
In addition, a machine with a collapsible base can be made to work with metal parts of different lengths. With the help of several boards or metal corners, you can bring the working tool closer or further to the fasteners holding the part, and also change the size of the gap between the fasteners. It is most convenient to make such a structure on the basis of an ordinary table or workbench.
If you attach a grinding wheel to the electric motor as a working tool, you can use the machine not only to polish the surface of the part, but also sharpen knives, scissors and other household tools. Thus, the lathe turns into a convenient multifunctional mechanism.
Assembling a lathe at home is a fairly simple task, which is further simplified by numerous video instructions and drawings from the Internet. At the same time, the structure can be assembled literally from improvised parts, using for this old household appliances and waste from assembly and construction production.
The main advantage of self-assembly is cost savings. In addition, it is worth noting the ability to independently adjust the dimensions and power of the device in order to adapt it to your needs. A homemade machine can be not only large, but also very miniature, designed for processing small parts.
Among a wide range of different machine tools designed for metal processing, the universal mini - metal lathe for the home is also capable of processing wood and plastic.
This versatile mini desktop tool with CNC can be easily made by hand.
1 What is a metal lathe for?
The presented Russian, Soviet or Chinese desktop mini-fixtures with built-in CNC are capable of processing parts and products such as shafts, bushings or discs.
Both the Chinese and the domestic universal desktop CNC tool, from the times of the USSR, are powered from a 220 volt network and can function as a drill.
For this, the universal mini-tool uses special chucks. The equipment of the unit for a house, from the times of the USSR, equipped with a CNC, allows:
- grind outer cylindrical surfaces;
- make ends and ledges;
- cut grooves;
- bore holes;
- use a drill to make a series of holes;
- cut the thread.
Both a Chinese and a simple desktop metal lathe for a Soviet era home can be housed in the back of the garage.
The main movement of the CNC fixture, powered by a 220 volt network, is the movement of the spindle. In this case, the cartridges of the product move along with the caliper. The universal automatic micro-lathe tool for the home is equipped with fixed.
Desktop mini-unit with CNC when processing a product with end tools can use headstock. Headstock mini CNC fixtures create feed movement. The presented universal micro-lathe tool for the garage or home can be:
- single-spindle;
- multi-spindle;
- revolving;
- drilling and cutting (performing the function of a drill);
2 Principle of operation and design features
Some fixtures use a direct connection. For this purpose, the driving center is firmly mounted on the shaft of an electric motor powered from a 220V network.
A desktop turning tool for the home equipped with a headstock is capable of processing long parts - the part supports them with the back center, which ensures a secure fixation.
The same tooling also supports chucks, drills and countersinks that feed along the entire axis of rotation of the workpiece.
The centers of these axes are always in the horizontal plane. The benchtop tool, equipped with a tailstock, can fix workpieces of different lengths.
If such a tool is made by hand, then an electric grinder can be used as an electric motor.
All types of lathes are designed in such a way that the driving and driven centers in any of the configurations are located on the same axis. If the rig is configured differently, strong vibration will occur during operation.
The frame of the fixture can be made by hand; it can be constructed from metal profiles or corners. In this case, it is recommended to use a previously developed drawing.
2.1 How does a lathe work? (video)
2.2 Overview of popular models and manufacturers
First, you need to make two wooden posts and fasten the bolts with nuts. In order for the chisel or cutter to be stable, you need to make a handcuff.
The handrail can be constructed from two planks that are connected with screws or glued together. The bottom board of the board should have a beveled angle and is equipped with a metal strip that will protect the chisel from deformation during operation.
A slot is made in the horizontal board through which the movements of the handman can be controlled. In order to make a small-sized machine with your own hands, you need to attach the resulting workpiece with nuts.
This will provide a secure fit and the drill chucks can move freely. As an electric motor, you can use a motor from a sewing machine, electric drill or grinder.
The frame can be made of both wooden beams and channels or section metal corners.
The transmission of engine rotation is best done with a belt or chain. Some types of bench-top machines can be designed without the use of transmission systems.
In such cases, the necessary spare parts, in particular the chuck, can be directly attached to the motor shaft.
After placing the main parts on the frame, they must be rigidly fixed. It is worth noting that when assembling, it is best to use collector-type motors - they are able to increase speed with decreasing load.