The installation of roof windows is one of the popular ways to decorate modern commercial buildings, residential buildings and country houses. This technique helps to rationally use the area of \u200b\u200bspace, giving the room a unique appearance and originality. But in order for the equipped room directly under the roof to be really comfortable and cozy, it is necessary to approach the glazing process correctly. How to choose roof windows, you will learn from this article.
Selection criteria for roof windows
So that the buying process does not take much time and does not require significant irrational financial costs, familiarize yourself with the criteria for selecting designs in advance and determine your requirements for each parameter.
Pay your attention to the following details:
- number of windows;
- window parameters (length and width);
- design style;
- profile quality;
- type of glass unit;
- number of additional accessories;
- manufacturer.
Important! Depending on the set of technical characteristics, the functionality and price of the roof windows will naturally differ. Therefore, it is very important to correctly correlate all conditions in both directions. For example, buying fakro roof windows for the arrangement of any building would be an excellent solution.
How many windows to choose?
The first thing to do is to decide on the features of the placement of windows and their number. A few tips will help you figure this out:
- The area of \u200b\u200bthe room to be decorated. There is a general rule: the glazing area of \u200b\u200bthe attic should be at least 10% of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe illuminated room. So, for example, 5 m2 is glazed on a 50 m2 area of \u200b\u200bthe room. The most acceptable proportion is 1: 8.
Important! Each room must have at least one roof window. For a nursery, studio, study or living room, provide 15-20% more light.
- The location of the attic windows. This factor depends on your imagination, but experts recommend placing several separate windows at a certain distance from each other, giving more light than one large one.
Important! To ensure adequate lighting, opt for long windows in case of a slight roof slope. Another recommendation: in the case of glazing of more than 1 m2, install 2 windows, and if the area is more than 2 m2, then 3 windows.
- If your design idea involves placing windows on only one side, then install them above the middle line of the floor. If on both sides of the attic, then mount them on top and in the middle for optimal light diffusion.
Important! In addition to conventional designs, consider installing small blind dormers, possibly a non-standard triangular or round shape. In this case, it is successful to achieve the most appropriate lighting and at the same time reduce the cost of heating the room under the roof in the cold season. Plus, one cannot but add the originality of the view of the house from the facade.
How to choose a window size?
The next step in the process of solving the problem of which dormer windows to choose is to determine the appropriate length and width parameters based on the room data. The basic rules are as follows:
- Good viewing angle. That is, in a sitting or standing position, the view from the attic window should cover both the ground and the sky. Based on this, the smaller the roof slope, the greater the height (length) of the window.
Important! The standard rules assume the following design principle: the lower edge at a height of at least 90 cm from the floor, the indent of the top panel from the floor within 180-220 cm.
- Selection of windows in width. This indicator is directly related to the step of the rafters. The recommended window frame width should be 4-6 cm less than this distance.
Important! If this indicator differs from the recommended one, adjust the rafters, but in such a way that their bearing capacity is not lost.
- Convenient opening. The location of the handle is important in this respect. The best placement option is from above, at a distance of 1.8-2m from the floor to the top point of the structure. Window models with a bottom opening handle are installed at a distance of 1.1-1.4 m from the floor to the bottom point of the window.
Which profile material to choose?
The requirements for the materials from which the roof window is made are quite high due to the high level of humidity in such rooms. Leading manufacturers of roof windows offer structures made of two types of material:
- Plastic. Until recently, this novelty is widely used today in the design of glazing. Plastic roof windows stand out for their excellent technical characteristics, including resistance to moisture, ultraviolet and cold. In addition, they do not bring inconvenience in the process of cleaning the surface, since it is very easy to wash them with any means. Provides popularity and a very long period of operation - many brands have a guarantee up to 50 years, which indicates their incredible durability.
Important! It is rational to install plastic windows if glazing is carried out in a bathroom, bathroom or kitchen.
- Wood. Skylights are most often made of pine and covered with several layers of varnish. Such designs are more familiar to use and allow the most organic combination of interior and exterior design. In addition to their attractiveness, they bring a unique feeling of comfort and provide an excellent level of heat preservation. In addition, we note that modern wooden windows, due to high-quality preliminary processing of raw materials, do not deform or rot, and, accordingly, the period of their use is also quite long.
Important! An excellent solution would be the installation of wooden windows in rooms intended for relaxation, for example, a bedroom, a nursery, a living room or even an office. The natural healing properties of wood will contribute to regular natural healing.
How to choose a double-glazed window?
All current manufacturers of high-quality roof windows offer models of single-chamber windows with tempered glass filled with argon as a basic option. In addition, solutions are also available with increased strength or energy saving characteristics, reflective coatings on the glass sheet.
Important! As a rule, all modified models are more expensive, so when buying skylights, determine your requirements as accurately as possible so as not to overpay for unnecessary functions.
Among the popular series of non-standard designs, the following are distinguished:
- windows with good thermal conductivity due to the use of another gas filler;
- structures with an increased safety index due to the presence of an internal glass unit, resistant to any mechanical stress;
- products with a wider profile, which has a good effect on heat-saving functions;
- vandal-proof windows with durable outer glass of greater thickness.
Which opening system should you prefer?
So that during the operation of the attic there are no problems and discomfort, be sure to think over the best way for you to open the window. A competent approach to the choice of this parameter will provide in the future the possibility of free ventilation of the room at a convenient time.
Today there are 3 options available:
- Windows that are opened relative to the centerline. This is a standard type of construction that is popular for its acceptable level of comfort and low cost. The only drawback for themselves can be noted only by people of tall stature, since when opening the canvas, it turns out to be inside the room at an angle.
- Constructions, the opening system of which is made relative to the upper edge. The optimal solution for any person. When opening, the entire canvas turns out to be outside the building, that is, the risk of injury from a head impact is completely excluded. In addition, it is these windows that are often used as an emergency exit.
- Windows, the opening axis of which is raised. These designs are also very functional and provide the most convenient operation. The location of the swivel joint is determined based on customer preference. When opened, the canvas, as in the models of the previous type, is outside the house. It is these windows that will be the best solution for those who are tall.
What accessories to choose?
In addition to the main elements of the window structure, pay no less attention to the choice of additional equipment. They contribute to the achievement of maximum convenience during the operation of the premises. Accessories include:
- Roll type curtains. Such curtains allow you to independently adjust the degree of lighting in the room, as well as bring originality to the interior.
- Marquis. This element is ideal for attic rooms located on the sunny side of the house. The heat-absorbing mesh is attached from the front side to the window and provides good protection of the room from overheating.
- Jalousie. Their functional purpose is combined: they simultaneously protect from excessive intake of sunlight and allow you to gently adjust the lighting level. Their installation is carried out from the inside.
- Mosquito net. Such a device will become indispensable in the summer, when there is an abundance of insects around, striving to get inside the house. It is placed on the slopes in the guide profiles from the inside and securely fixed with suitable fittings.
- Electromechanisms. This category includes rain sensors, remote controls for blinds and curtains and other devices that allow you to automate the process of adjusting the position of windows and accessories as much as possible, while reducing time costs.
Which manufacturer is the best?
Of course, even a wide range of windows will not meet the high level of practicality and functionality if the elements are initially of poor quality. Therefore, choose a suitable design from the offers of well-established manufacturers:
- Velux (Velux). This manufacturer is the largest world leader in the manufacture of roof windows. Carefully verified parameters of structures, high-quality materials for the procurement of all parts favorably distinguish velux roof windows. When choosing a model from this brand, you will not have to regret your decision.
- Fakro (Fakro). The products of this brand are distinguished by a high level of environmental friendliness combined with unique technical characteristics. This Polish manufacturer has long attracted the attention of consumers from different countries and has consistently ranked 2nd in popularity in the world market. Fakro roof windows are the best combination of quality and price.
- Roto (Roto). The models of this brand are an excellent example of the famous German quality. The use of modern technologies and materials allows the engineers of this company to create high-quality windows with an attractive original design. Convenience and safety are just a few of the many advantages of all Roto series.
Conclusion
Regardless of what type of window structure you have chosen, a prerequisite for its compliance with all the expected parameters is a competently performed installation. In order to exclude poor-quality work and the occurrence of problems or breakdowns during operation, be sure to personally check the quality at all stages, if you have entrusted the installation to specialized specialists. Pay attention to the following points:
- Clarity of lines and evenness of the location of the window frame.
- The tightness of the waterproofing and vapor barrier film.
- The thoroughness of gluing the seams with construction tape in those places where it is required.
- The correctness of the installation of the ebb is the tightness of their fit, the precisely selected slope of the bevel.
- The quality of the design of the slopes, in particular, the observance of the vertical and horizontal relative to the window.
- There is a gap between the window sill and the wall at the bottom of the window for warm air circulation.
Important! Watch the video instructions for installing skylights to clearly understand what a quality installation is.
__________________________________________________
Until recently, the attic was associated only with a place for storing old and unnecessary things. Today, in the premises under the roof, called mansards, comfortable living rooms, delicate bedrooms, and offices are equipped.
Appointment
The word "attic" comes from the surname of the 17th century French architect Francois Mansart, who was the first to decide to make a living space out of the attic. There were no openings for light in such a room; darkness and stuffiness were constant companions of the person who lived there. The design changes only happened during World War II, when the Danish engineer Willum Kann Rassmunsen proposed to make glazed openings in the roofs, allowing fresh air and natural light to enter the stuffy attic.
So, the main function of roof windows is lighting. Experts believe that their correct choice and quality installation increases the amount of transmitted light by 40%. Due to the possibility of ventilation, air quality is significantly improved. The rooms are filled with coziness and mystery. If necessary, the opening in the roof makes it possible to get out of the house or, conversely, get inside.
Types and characteristics
The first skylights were glazed openings. The variety of models that exists today is the result of many years of development, the use of new technologies and the wishes of customers.
Vertical openings are made on the gables or in specially made external structures of the roof slope (the so-called "birdhouses"). They are easy to install, decorate a cottage or summer cottage, but, however, let in little light. Among the advantages are the absence of extreme loads acting on them and a variety of sizes.
The location of vertical windows in the lower part of the room prevents heat leakage."Birdhouse" allows you to slightly increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe upper room, but, on the other hand, complicates the rafter system and can lead to possible leaks at the points of attachment to the main roof.
Facade (cornice) windows are installed at an angle of 90 degrees directly under the roof. They allow you to make an exit to a terrace or balcony, enjoy a beautiful panoramic view, decorate the house with flowers. A small amount of natural light is the main disadvantage of these elements.
Inclined models installed in line with the ramp are more common. They are believed to transmit up to 30% more light. The advantages are optimal use of the usable area and space saving.
One of the key differences in skylights is how they open. The most popular are mid-swing models. The only sash opens by turning around its axis, located either in the center or 3/4 closer to the upper edge. Such models are easy to operate and maintain. However, full access to the outside can be difficult.
The choice of balcony-type windows is the desire to create a charming, beautiful mansion, unlike others. When folded, the structure resembles a double sash, and when unfolded it looks like a small balcony. The top opens up and the bottom opens to the side. Balcony models can only be installed on a roof with a slope angle of 35-55 degrees.
Sometimes the architectural features of the roof prevent the installation of full-size models. Then hatch windows with a "light tunnel" will be an excellent solution. They represent a tube, one end of which goes up, the other remains in the room.
Installing a "light tunnel" requires a lot of space between the attic ceiling and the roof.
Such hatches are also used in non-residential premises, but without a "light tunnel". The design consists of one sash that rises upward.
Swing models are another popular option for the attic. However, it is not very convenient to use them - in order to wash them, you must either stretch out strongly or go out onto the slope.
The roof window can be equipped with a rain sensor and an electric drive. Remote control technology makes it possible to adjust the structure without leaving the couch and even staying on the lower floor of the house. Wall switches can be used instead of remote control.
The choice of the type of window depends on the purpose of the room in which it is installed, the goals and aesthetic wishes of the residents. It is more expedient to determine how this architectural detail should look even at the time of construction - this will avoid unnecessary costs associated with the reconstruction of the ramp. Installation of this product in a private house can be done by hand.
It is important to decide which window options are right for you, for example, deaf, transformer, oblique or non-opening. Each of them has both its pros and cons.
Installation features
Skylights are located so that external factors - wind, precipitation, snow and ice pressure, heat, have a strong influence on them. The process of installing them requires attention, knowledge and skill.
The most common mistakes when installing on metal tiles are improper installation of insulating flashing, poor insulation of slopes and the use of polyurethane foam. Anyway, before starting installation work, read the installation instructions.
For a better understanding of the installation process, it is necessary to understand the structure of the window: a glass unit is inserted into the sash with an inert gas contained inside - argon, which provides excellent thermal insulation. The standard equipment includes aprons for waterproofing and vapor control, a drainage channel, flashing, insulation material and internal slopes.
Before starting the installation work, you need to prepare the tools: tape measure, building level, electric drill and scissors for cutting metal, hacksaw, electric scissors, stapler, screwdriver, pliers.
Installation is carried out on a beam laid below, or rafters. It is important to ensure that the clearance on each side of the frame is at least 3 cm. The frame is installed at a height of 80 to 130 cm from the floor. Several factors determine the height of the installation: the position of the handle, the type of roofing material, the structural features of the roof, the customer's wishes. If the handle is at the bottom, the frame is placed higher, if at the top - lower.
The sheeting can be cut in any part. If the surface is covered with ceramic tiles, it cannot be cut, and the hole can only be made over completed rows.
Marks are made on the waterproofing material where the holes will be located, the cut is made taking into account the margin - about 20 cm on each side. A waterproofing apron is placed on top of the waterproofing for complete tightness. Next, the roof covering is removed, the crate is cut off, stepping back 2 centimeters from the support, and a bar is nailed from below - about 10 centimeters from the crate.
When performing work, it is imperative to use a level. The upper edge of the waterproofing is attached to the crate, and the lower edge to the timber. The side pieces extend outward.
Before installing the frame, it is necessary to remove the glass unit and the flashing. Mounting brackets are placed on the box. It is important to remember that models from different manufacturers can have different shapes and are mounted in different ways: only on rafters or on rafters and crate. Heat-insulating material is attached to the top of the box, which is later pressed against the timber. Once the bottom edge is adjusted, tighten the bottom brackets firmly.
To improve waterproofing, a waterproofing apron is laid around the perimeter of the window opening. Usually it is included in the package, but you can make it yourself. Above the frame, a part of the lathing is removed along the width of the drainage gutter. The gutter is placed underneath the waterproofing material, cut in the middle, and installed around the perimeter of the frame. The top of the apron is stretched under the gutter, and its edges - under the crate. The apron itself is attached to the box with a stapler. The design allows moisture to drain exactly into the gutter.
Upon completion of the waterproofing installation, the protective frame is installed and fastened. Installation is carried out in the following sequence: at the bottom - a corrugated apron, then - the side parts and finally - the top element. At the end, the pads are placed until an auditory click. The lower apron is attached to the roofing material, and parts of the flashing are attached to the lattice and box. The sash is returned to the frame, the protective film is removed.
From the inside, it is recommended to install slopes - strips framing the frame. An opening stick must be present. Correctly installed slopes (the upper one is parallel to the floor and the lower one is vertical) helps to ensure gentle air circulation and natural heating. In addition, they have an aesthetic function.
It is quite difficult to mount a triangular window, so it is better to entrust this work to a professional.
Materials
Roof windows are made from various materials. Depending on your preferences, capabilities and goals, you can choose wood, plastic or metal products.
In country-style mansions and chalets, small houses and cottages, wooden structures look great. The main raw material is northern pine. The high density of glued timber makes the products flexible and allows the use of fewer fasteners. The big advantage of wood is the manufacture of products of various shapes and sizes - arched elements, balconies.
Wooden products are susceptible to the negative effects of moisture, but if the frame is coated with water-based varnish every 2-3 years, their service life will increase.
Wood is an ecological, natural, breathable material. It is much easier to breathe in a wooden house, which affects the level of living comfort.
Products from a plastic profile, in contrast to a wooden one, do not require special care. It is waterproof, does not rot and deteriorate under the influence of water and dirt, and can last 40-50 years. The ventilation issue is solved using special valves. Resistance to adverse environmental conditions, as well as low price have made such products very popular. The problematic point is that when heated, the plastic profile can emit PVC, a gas harmful to living organisms.
The plastic profile looks great in mansions, regardless of what they are built from. A special film makes it possible to adapt the color of the frame to the general appearance of the building.
Sometimes roof windows are made on the basis of an aluminum profile. This material is resistant to corrosion and deformation, allows the manufacture of products of various shapes and sizes. Aluminum products can be operated for a long time (at least 80 years) in aggressive environmental conditions at a variety of temperatures. They are unpretentious in care, have protection from precipitation and ultraviolet rays. A wide range of colors allows you to adapt the profile to any design of the roof and the house itself.
Products from an aluminum profile are cold and warm. Cold ones are used for glazing openings of non-residential premises. Warm structures are installed in the attics of residential buildings. Their profile consists of three parts with a thermal insulating insert. This structure prevents cold air from penetrating inside and warm air outside. The space between the thermostats is filled with polyurethane foam or extruded polystyrene.
There are windows made of wood-aluminum profiles for sale. The outside is made of aluminum and the inside is made of wood. Thus, adverse external conditions do not significantly affect the profile.
One of the requirements for structures installed under the roof is low weight. Often they consist of a 1-chamber double-glazed unit with four types of glass: heat-polished (float glass), with a transparent metallized coating, tempered and triplex. Heat-polished glass prevents optical distortion. Metallized glass reflects ultraviolet rays.
When tempered glass is cracked, many small particles with blunt edges are formed to avoid cuts. Triplex is a two-layer glass with a special film that holds the cracked fragments.
Reflective double-glazed windows, which help to keep cool in constantly illuminated rooms, are made to order.
There are also self-cleaning double-glazed windows - their outer surface is covered with a special agent that destroys organic pollution under the influence of the sun.
When choosing windows for the attic, you need to pay attention not only to the material from which the frame is made. It is important to make sure that the fittings are of good quality - handles, hinges and others. It is preferable that the fittings used are original and made of stainless steel.
Dimensions
The choice of the size of roof windows must be approached very carefully. Lighting, the appearance of the house, and its perception will largely depend on this. Aesthetic preferences alone are not enough when sizing. The area of \u200b\u200bthe room and the possible location of window openings should be taken into account.
In accordance with accepted standards, the window area must be at least 1 square meter per 10 square meters of the room. For the living room, studio and bedroom, the proportions can be different, for example, 1 to 8. Smaller proportions are possible for the toilet, bathroom, wardrobe, pantry and other utility rooms. However, the given proportions can be implemented in different ways: in some cases, one large window can be installed to create a feeling of beauty and freedom, in others several small ones will create coziness.
When designing an attic, it should be remembered that, according to experts, two or three window openings on opposite sides of the bevels will give better lighting than one large one of the same area.
The gaps between the openings and their width depend on the distance between the rafters. Usually it is 80 cm, because the standard width of skylights is 78 cm.For a rafter system with a larger pitch, frames with a width of 94, 114 cm are used.If the distance between the rafters is small, you can purchase products with a width of 55 or 60 cm.
The tall window allows you to enjoy a wonderful view. However, the choice of height does not only depend on beauty. Roof layout has a major influence. On a flatter roof, a longer hole is made. For a roof with a slope of 35 degrees, the optimal length will be 160 cm, for a roof with a slope of 70 degrees - no more than 120 cm. The length is also determined taking into account the fact that the lower edge of the structure should be at a distance of at least 1 m from the floor.
So, the standard frame sizes are as follows: 78x118 cm, 78x140 cm, 78x160 cm, 94x140 cm, 114x118 cm, 114x140 cm. Non-standard glazing options are made to order.
Registration
Roof windows are an interesting architectural solution. Their design can be original, attractive, and an excessive amount of additional decorative elements, in turn, can harm the external and internal image of the house. Correctly selected design gives a sense of organicity, romance, freedom, comfort, grace. But before choosing a design, you should figure out whether it is needed to provide protection against burglary, from the sun, or just as a decorative element.
External shutters, so-called roller shutters, are usually used to protect mechanical damage and excessive sunlight; they provide sound insulation. It is better to install them outside, since being installed inside, they contribute to additional heating of the glass and the entire inner space of the attic.
External shutters, however, are not very pretty and graceful and are more suitable for people who prefer functionality.
Another option for sun protection is thin nets, the so-called awnings. They allow light to pass through, scattering it and thereby reducing heat input. Separately mounted awnings also function as a mosquito net.
Curtains are a classic way of decorating window openings. On vertical structures, ordinary curtains are used, on inclined ones - two cornices. The first cornice is installed on top, and the second is placed where it is convenient - it will not let the canvas fall and hold it in the desired position. Velcro, eyelets, braid, clamps, clamps are used to fix the canvas. These elements are also used as decoration. Curtains bring elegance and tenderness to the visit.
Blinds are less original and aesthetic. However, they are easy to install and adapt to openings of various shapes, which makes them quite a popular attribute.
Pleated pleats are indispensable for non-standard forms of window openings. The canvas is held by a special cord or electric drive, which allows you to assemble the curtain or hold it in the required position.
In the interior, you can arrange windows exclusively to your liking. All decoration and finishing can be done by yourself.
Manufacturers and reviews
The most famous manufacturers of roof windows on the Russian market are the Danish company Velux, the German company Roto and the Polish company Fakro.
The Danish company Velux has been producing window products for over 70 years. Today this manufacturer offers wood profiles made from extra strong northern pine impregnated with an antiseptic. A special varnish or monolithic polyurethane is additionally applied to the finished product. Double-glazed windows are made using the "warm perimeter" technology - a dividing strip made of solid steel, rounded at the corners, is used, which reduces the amount of condensation.
The inner part is filled with argon, and silicone is used for sealing, the service life of which reaches 20 years. Three-layer perimeter seal keeps warmth and prevents drafts. The design uses a unique ventilation device and a removable filter that provides protection from dust and insects. Velux windows are used at the lowest temperatures. Smooth, streamlined forms allow them to harmoniously fit into any architectural solution.
The model range of this manufacturer is represented by four central pivot and two top-pivot models, balcony and other designs. The standard warranty period is 5 years.
Among the disadvantages are the high cost of products and the location of the handle at the top of the frame, which can be very inconvenient when the window is high.
Roto products have been present on the world market for over 50 years. The company is a leader in the production of fittings for windows and doors. The innovative idea of \u200b\u200bthis manufacturer is to create a structure with a pivot shaft located above the center. Since the 90s of the XX century, the company has been producing plastic profiles in 6 colors: white, golden oak, black oak, walnut, mahogany, pine.
The lineup is represented by four models: with a central axis, a raised axis, two pivots and a PVC model for rooms with high humidity. The handles are installed at the bottom of the frame. Product operation is possible at low ambient temperatures. The company supplies a model with an electric drive and a rain sensor.
Other advantages of Roto products include a double-circuit seal, a special block for thermal insulation, the ability to adjust the gaps between the frame and the sash. The good quality of Roto makes the products popular with customers. The warranty is valid for 5 years.
The Polish manufacturer Fakro produces windows from laminated veneer lumber, which is impregnated with an antiseptic and varnished. Double-glazed windows also use argon, a durable tempered glass that is resistant to adverse environmental factors. Special fuses prevent the glass unit from being squeezed out. The ventilation valve prevents the accumulation of condensate and ensures the supply of fresh air. The handle is located at the bottom. The fittings fix the sash in 6 positions. The products have a lower price than their competitors.
The warranty terms are also valid for 5 years.
For owners of a sufficient level of income, the Frank brand is suitable. The products of this manufacturer are of high quality.
One can be sure that roof windows are a complex product, the quality of which determines the comfort of living. Correctly selected dimensions, configuration and appearance create harmony with the surrounding world. It is pleasant to be in such a room, to meet guests, admire nature and just have fun. When choosing windows, you should not chase the price, ignoring the quality and conformity of products to specific conditions.
Poor quality, inappropriate dimensions, material can deliver a lot of unpleasant minutes and, possibly, lead to additional costs that will exceed the initial cost of the product.
When installing a window, be sure to strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions. Only this will ensure the quality and durability of the structure, avoid unnecessary conflicts with the supplier and manufacturer. It is desirable that all elements of the product, including fittings and insulating materials, are original and comply with the manufacturer's recommendations. The absence of a waterproofing apron or an incorrectly selected flashing, plastic fittings reduce the quality of the product.
All window elements require additional maintenance throughout their entire service life, especially for wooden parts.
Skylights will help you significantly insulate your house. Their repair and replacement will not require much effort if you have a work diagram and drawings at hand.
A careful approach to the design of roof windows is important. Location on the roof, openness to aggressive environmental influences imposes additional requirements on the installation of shutters, the choice of decorative elements: curtains, blinds, roller shutters.
An attractive, cozy, bright room under the roof! How to make this "little miracle" out of the attic? We must start with the main thing - the purchase of a dormer window. A new problem arises - what to buy and which design is better suited. How to choose a roof window, where to start and what not to forget - read the step-by-step instructions further.
Where to start when choosing a size
Fit to width
The width of the roof window directly depends on the step with which the rafters were installed. When installing the structure on rafters, the width of the window should be 20-30 mm less. For example, if the distance between the rafters is 800 mm, then the window width should be 780 mm. If you want a large window, and the rafter system does not allow this, then you can slightly modify it. But it is recommended to do this with the help of a construction team, so as not to disturb the balanced installation of the entire rafter system.
Height selection
The roof window is installed at a height of 1200 mm from the floor. In this case, the angle of inclination of the roof is also taken into account. Optimal for installation of a roof window is a roof with a slope of 30-60 degrees.
An important pattern
The smaller the slope of the roof, the greater the width of the roof window must be chosen.
How many windows to install
The glazing area of \u200b\u200bthe attic is directly proportional to its area by a ratio of 1:10. For example, if the area of \u200b\u200bthe attic is 25 m2, then 2.5 m2 should be allocated for the windows. For example, it looks like this: when using a model measuring 780mmx1180 mm on an area of \u200b\u200b25 m2 of the attic, it turns out that four such structures must be installed.
Feature
The higher the roof window is installed, the more sunlight enters the room. It will not be difficult to operate, since many models have handles installed from below.
What will be in your attic is such a window and we acquire
If you are planning a rest room, games room, office in the attic, then you can purchase wooden structures. They are made from pine and are environmentally friendly. When arranging a bathroom, sauna, kitchen, pool in the attic, plastic is more suitable. PVC windows are resistant to high humidity. The room will not form mold and mildew.
Important addition
When installing a dormer window, a waterproofing flashing must be used. This is necessary to seal the window frame with the roof covering. Salaries are selected depending on the type of roof: pitched, flat, high-profile, folded, copper, and so on.
How without accessories
Bright sunlight is good, but everything should be in moderation. Therefore, accessories are used to darken the roof windows. There are no longer any conventions here. It all depends on your taste. We will only recall some of the subtleties of individual accessories.
The pleated curtain not only dampens ultraviolet light, but also creates interesting highlights in the room. Roller shutters have an additional function of protection against external intrusion. The marquise reduces the level of noise coming from the street. Blinds close the attic from prying eyes.
Choose the best models, but do not forget about the nuances, and roof windows will serve you for many years.
Hello dear readers and subscribers!
On-site surveyors often have to work as both construction consultants and advisers on style and interior design. Many questions arise in connection with the installation of roof windows.
Inspired by ideas from magazines and TV shows, the client does not always have a clear idea of \u200b\u200bthe final result of the work. When choosing roof windows, the opinion of a professional is especially important.
It is necessary to take into account not only their size and number, but also the location of the openings, the material of construction, methods of opening and other important nuances. Therefore, on the agenda are dormer windows, or rather the reviews and opinions of those who have already had the opportunity to get acquainted with this type of transformation of premises under the roof of a building, and today they share their experience.
As a child, we all so wanted to visit the House on the Roof and play a little with Carlson. But he lived in a typical attic. In the attics of adjacent houses lived Kai and Gerda, characters from the fairy tale by H. H. Andersen "The Snow Queen". The invention began its march through the Parisian quarters in the second half of the 17th century, with the light hand of the enterprising French architect Francois Mansart.
In modern Russia, the attic boom began at the beginning of the 21st century, when there was a demand for individual and at the same time inexpensive housing. They build mansards all over Europe, use Finnish technologies. Such interesting metamorphoses have taken place over 300 years with this cozy room under the roof.
Attic windows are often located directly in the roof. This inclined design places particular demands on quality. Strength, tightness, Roof windows are manufactured by Roto (Germany), Velux (Denmark), Fakro (Poland). The construction forums usually discuss the products of these European companies.
Owner reviews: disadvantages of roof windows
Visitors to specialized forums are primarily concerned about the problems that may occur, and actively discuss design flaws. Therefore, on the sites you can find negative, very emotionally rich statements. Let's start our review with the cons.
Sometimes they leak
“Skylights are flowing. In winter, the snow melts, freezes, melts again, begins to drip. Ice forms between the frame and the window. Still gets condensate. I have already cleaned the snow, but it will still form. How to be? "
This question is most often discussed on the forums. And the answer is given by users. “It seems to me that all sorts of troubles, such as drafts and leaks, are associated in most cases with self-installation. And then people sin on the poor quality of the windows, and not on their hands. Guys, a shoemaker should make boots, and a pastry chef should bake pies, then there will be much less problems, believe me. "
Hot in summer
“So that in the summer it is cool in the attic, what can you tell me to do. The parents' attic in the summer cottage is stuffy. "
This issue is also solved quite simply, and even in different ways:
- Increase the thermal insulation layer under the roof,
- install reflective screens (for example, foil), blackout curtains or blinds on the windows,
- competently design the roof (in winter the sun constantly shines through the window, and in summer the overhang of the roof creates a falling shadow).
Are expensive
“We installed a wooden dormer window, successfully fitted it into the interior, does not attract attention to itself, it looks harmonious. But, the price is two and a half times that of a conventional plastic structure. "
Each consumer decides this question for himself, choosing an acceptable combination of price and quality.
Owner reviews: the advantages of roof windows
Aesthetic appearance
“The rooms on the attic floor have been very impressive. I personally find it very convenient to live in them! It's nice to admire the starry sky through the skylights at night. "
Large light absorption surface
“We have installed four dormers in the bedroom and study. It became light and comfortable. "
Indeed, according to the calculations of specialists, inclined skylights let in 40% more light than vertical ones. The viewing angle is wide enough both from a sitting and standing position. It is important to correctly calculate the size, number and height of the windows.
Variable handle arrangement
The question of where it is most convenient to place the pen can rightfully be considered painful. For many, the option is preferable when the handle is in the upper part of the sash, while others want it to be much lower. Moreover, it is not clear which opening mechanism is optimal.
Many manufacturers make windows that can be opened by turning the handle. You can find roof window systems that open by pulling a small lever. One thing is clear, if your family has children, then for safety reasons, it is better to choose the top handle position.
Choice of fittings
For dormer-type windows, special fittings are used, which differ from traditional fittings for plastic windows. This type is not supplied separately, as is usually the practice of window companies that offer accessories for ordinary windows.
Accessories for skylights are made to order and cannot be found on wide sale. By the way, attic fittings are not only a window handle, together with a lock controlled by it. It is a whole system that is similar to the locking system of modern PVC windows.
Skylights are a versatile solution for both residential buildings and office buildings. What do their owners appreciate in these designs and what do they warn future buyers against?
Problems with roof windows
In recent days, many citizens have been coming with complaints of headaches about the dormers installed by unidentified persons with water flowing water. Of course, it is impossible to ignore this problem and it begins to acquire the scale of an epidemic when the temperature outside the window rises. It happened this time too. Here is how it was.
Yesterday, at about 4 pm, citizen K. turned to me with a complaint that the roof windows, installed in accordance with all the rules of science and technology, flow in the area of \u200b\u200bthe lower vestibule of the window sash. The issue of condensation formation on the inner surface of the glass unit disappeared due to the absence of such in the atmosphere of this house in sufficient quantities.
A field visit was made. Citizen K.'s words were confirmed by the most objective reality of this problem. Inspection of the window structure did not establish any defects, no installation errors were found. The problem turned out to be an excess layer of snow accumulated on top of the window.
The thick layer of snow from this winter has resulted in snow melting on the glass surface when the outside temperature rises. The resulting water flows down the inclined surface of the glass onto the surface of the window block and solidifies on it in its solid state of aggregation, giving a load to the sealant. After a while, this leads to the fact that the ice deforms the seal and water begins to pass into the inside of the window block, which we observed once again.
After a complex of procedures, the problem of this headache disappeared and did not appear again. Thus, the method for eliminating this problem is recognized as effective in the absence of errors in the installation of the dormer window and errors with the thermal calculation of the attic roof, and the presence of sufficient ventilation in the room. Citizen K, the owner of the house and the skylights, ended up incurring costs equal to the cost of the specialist's time spent traveling and inspecting, which is an excellent result.
source: forumhouse.ru
If you look at almost any forum on roof windows, it turns out that the discussion is mainly on one issue: are roof windows flowing at 100% or only 50?
Moreover, some users claim that over time, products of all manufacturers of roof windows begin to flow, while others hint that something depends on the brand of the window and the professionalism of the installers:
“Expensive windows start to leak too. Only a year and a half or two years later than cheap ones "
Cons of roof windows
Dissonance sounds like responses to dormer windows: "A friend has 15 years old windows, washes the glass once a year, happy to the point of madness", or "Velux 10 years, do not flow!" (Sti-Club website). One involuntarily begins to think that 10-15 years ago Velux was supplied to Russia from Denmark, ROTO - from Germany, now - from Egypt or from a former cloth-worsted factory somewhere near Starye Pyrki.
Where is the reason to say so? - The analysis of posts on the forums suggests that the dormers are leaking, after all, not because of the flaws of the installers, on whom it is customary to blame all the troubles, but because of defects in the factory assembly. After all, skylights do not flow during showers or snowfalls.
The mechanism of the course is different:
- in winter, after heavy snowfalls, snow lingers on the glazing;
- during the day, under the sun, it melts, and after the evening frost, ice forms on the window, tightly "welded" to the window frame. Under it, snow and ice begin to melt from the heat coming from inside the attic;
- but the formed ice crust does not allow melt water to drain.
As a result, water fills the gap between the sash and the frame and seeps through the seal - either loosely attached during assembly or worn out during the opening and closing cycles of a poorly fitted frame.
This is evidenced by the black color of the moisture flowing into the attic; if the smudge is more transparent, then this indicates that the window has acted as a "collector" of condensate.
Note!
Conclusion: the seal must be periodically lubricated and replaced. In addition, it has been observed that hatch windows leak less than windows with opening around a central axis. Therefore, it is better to buy windows with opening around the upper axis or axis, located at a height of ¾ of the window: their sealing gum wears out less.
Advantages of roof windows
They have, in addition to cons, skylights and pluses. At least there were no complaints of poor insulation or blowing. Moreover, users note the concern of manufacturers to introduce effective ventilation systems into the construction of roof windows and to launch the Velux-Aereco program (Aereco is a French company that managed to implement the design of a fully self-regulating ventilation inlet valve).
There are posts, the authors of which (site forum-okna.ru) set the manufacturers of ordinary wooden windows as an example of the products of manufacturers of dormers made of wood: the latter are absolutely not subject to decay, they serve for years without painting and other care. The proven technology of impregnation and application of protective coatings affects.
Admiration invokes the durability of the roof windows. One of the members of the forum (from the site farmhouse.ru) describes the case of how he tried to get home through the attic window - the lock was jammed. It was possible to break the glass only with great difficulty.
Users are satisfied with the program for free replacement of worn-out and defective window elements, which is now adopted by all three world leaders in the industry - ROTO, FAKRO and Velux.
The choice of a roof window. Main characteristics
The price corresponding to the quality is the mandatory minimum that the owner of the attic who is going to buy windows expects. Goods that have an acceptable cost at the existing level of quality. As for the windows, mansard structures, despite quite affordable prices, are provided with all the desired advantages:
- They are safe. Unlike standard metal-plastic windows, roof windows are made of safety triplex glass (the same is installed on car windshields). With significant damage to the window, the glass does not crumble, cracks form a cobweb, remaining in the plane of the window.
- They are reliable. Skylights have been tested for all kinds of weather conditions at the production stage. So installing them on the eve of winter will provide you with complete isolation from winds and frosts, windows endure dozens of freeze-defrost cycles. On clear summer days, the sun's rays are scattered through the glass, preventing burnout of furniture and delamination of wooden interior elements. Careful selection of materials for the production of windows has provided a well-deserved reputation and recognition from buyers.
- They are durable. The manufacturer provides a 10-year warranty for all original roof windows. You can buy them in Russia now on the Vekro website. Build a career, start a family, skylights will be with you!
source: vekro-msk.ru
Answers and frequently asked questions about roof windows
Most people are faced with building a house once or twice in their life. Therefore, it is not surprising that every person who decides to build a house has many questions and clarifications. In this section, we have collected the most frequent questions about roof windows, which were answered by the chief engineer Prozarovskaya Marina.
If you have not found the answer to your question, send it to us and we will definitely answer you.
How do roof windows differ from a regular vertical window? What are the pros and cons of the first one? Can an ordinary plastic window be installed obliquely into the roof?
The first fundamental difference is, of course, the scope. Vertical windows are used for installation in vertical walls of premises - residential, administrative, public, etc., and skylights are installed directly into the roof. All other differences follow from this.
In particular, the special construction of the roof window, which withstands the same loads as the roof. There is also a special system for installing skylights in the roof using flashing. Vertical windows are not designed for roof installation.
How much is a square meter of such skylights compared to vertical ones?
Talking about the cost of 1 m² of a roof window, in our opinion, is inappropriate, because we sell a whole structural element, and not its individual fragments. This value depends on the size and modification of the roof window.
For example, a basic model of a dormer window with a size of 78x118 costs 9800 rubles. This is the cost of a window without a salary.
The frame is designed to connect the window with the roofing material. For profiled roofing materials, the salary 78x118 costs 4150 rubles. This price is without the cost of installation kits - hydro-heat and vapor barrier.
What materials are used in the manufacture of roof windows? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of them?
The main material from which the roof windows are made is northern pine wood. It is this material that has the smallest thickness of annual rings, and due to this, the tree is dense and warm. In addition, it is the most widespread and popular type of wood in our country.
Plastic roof windows made of PVC are manufactured by Fakro and Roto. But we have a model that is fundamentally different from the classic wooden roof windows and PVC roof windows - wood in polyurethane. The core is made of glued wood, and the outside of the entire profile is covered with polyurethane.
This model is specially designed for wet rooms so that moisture does not penetrate into the structure of the wood of the roof window. Polyurethane is the most dense and durable material that does not crack when heated, does not turn yellow.
Why are roof window manufacturing technologies not used for vertical windows?
We must talk about the purpose of the windows. If we talk about the heat engineering of the entire building, then the main heat loss occurs through the roof. And to avoid heat loss, it is necessary to put warmer structures on the roof.
Skylights, as well as vertical ones, are enclosing structures, so the situation with condensation is similar. Since the roof window, no matter how good it is, has a slightly lower thermal performance than the roof, we also face the problem of condensation. The solutions are similar.
First, the correct organization of air convection. Proceeding from this, the rule for the location and installation of internal slopes on dormer windows follows: the lower slope from the dormer window must be executed strictly vertically, and the upper one strictly horizontally.
It is in this position that the air movement around the surface of the attic window is ensured with the help of the heating device standing below. In the case when the lower slope is still horizontal, we form a ventilation gap in the construction of the window sill and make gratings so that the flow of warm air falls on the entire surface of the attic window.
What are the features of double-glazed windows installed in roof windows?
Features arise from the purpose of the roof window installed in the roof of the house. In this case, the person is directly under the skylights. Therefore, there are increased safety rules for double-glazed windows.
- Firstly, tempered glass, which is more durable than standard bulk glass, is installed as an external glass on the roof windows.
- Secondly, the inner glass for the skylights is made using the triplex technology - two glasses are fastened together, and there is a film between them. When glass is broken, which happens very rarely, it does not crumble, but remains on the film. It is enough to replace the glass unit, and the roof window will continue to serve.
To select a new glass unit or accessories for an already installed window, you must read the information on the plate located at the end of the window. To do this, you need to open the window and the upper part of the window will go down into the room and on the right at the end you will see a plate (nameplate) on which the class and size of the window and the type of glass unit are indicated.
The photo shows the nameplates from the old window (310 is the size 78x160) and from the new window (M06 is the size 78x118). Detailed information on double-glazed windows for roof windows is in a special section.
The right choice of windows and decor will create a truly stylish attic.
When a house is being built, we are looking forward to the moment when it will be possible to start design, to fulfill cherished dreams, embodying them in the interior. One of the most comfortable rooms in a modern house is the attic. They can be used to decorate children's attic, bedrooms and even attic kitchens. It all depends on the architectural features and the wishes of the household. One of the important points in the design of such premises is the choice of roof windows. Before making a final choice, it is important to understand the flow of information and the variety of window variations.
Features and benefits of designs
The history of the attic goes back centuries. In the distant 17th century in Paris, the French Francois Mansart introduced the fashion for such an architectural refinement, in whose honor the room got its name.
The same Francois Mansart.
In the old days, poor people lived in such rooms, as a rule. But in the course of urbanization and changing priorities in the field of design, attics are widely used in the modern world.
Modern designers are able to transform an ordinary attic into a stylish attic. Attics are nothing more than an upper floor superstructure directly under the roof of a house and can be a full-fledged living space. Due to the peculiarities of the location and non-standard architectural form, the interior of the attic requires an individual approach to design, as they say, with all the imagination. First of all, this concerns the optimal choice of design, because attic rooms are rooms whose interior is filled with freedom, light, sun, and air. In general, the windows in the attic are part of the roof, which gives a feeling of peace and the opportunity to indulge in romance and admire the starry sky right from the room. Modern technologies allow you to create a unique design of roof windows of any size, color and shape, organically complementing any architectural style. The advantages of the designs are as follows:
Located under the roof itself, they have a slope, which is determined by the structure of the roof. So, if there is one wall for the slope, the roof is called a shed roof. If there are two supporting walls, such a roof is gable.
Important! When choosing a particular window design, it is important to take into account the absence of classic lines and the non-standard forms that the attic has.
Windows in the attic, regardless of its functional purpose, play an important role. The stylish interior, complemented by dormer windows, allows you to create an aura of lightness, light and comfort at any time of the year.
Also, roof windows should not spoil the exterior of the building. Species classification
Unusual shapes of attics require special attention. When creating an interior in such a non-standard room, it is important, it is advisable to make your choice in favor of functional comfort. Decorating an interior with skylights is a creative process that gives you the opportunity to experiment and dream up to your heart's content, creating maximum comfort.
Thanks to roof windows, the attic can become the most comfortable room in the house. By standard, the windows are located in the plane of the roof, slightly at an angle. Moreover, the height from the floor and the number of such windows can be arbitrary. In addition to this standard solution, there are several other types of roof windows:
Attic design is not an easy, but very interesting task for those who are looking for non-standard solutions, using an original approach to arrangement and design. Skylights are non-standard designs that allow you to bring unusual, but extremely functional ideas to life. Some of these solutions are:
The Light Tunnel in Action https://www.youtube.com/watch?v\u003dQ-JYalhR4fs
- Combined designs. In situations where it is not possible to increase the number of windows for some reason, you can combine a facade window with a dormer. How to do it technically? A facade insert is simply added, extending the roof slope and connecting the two windows. This solution is unusual, original and radically transforms the overall interior of the attic.
This option will give the room a lot of light. The choice of a particular window design can be dictated by several factors. The main ones are the architectural features of the structure and the desire to create a unique and unique design in a room under the roof.
Window decoration in attics
In order to achieve general harmony, so that the windows organically complement the overall design, it is necessary to successfully choose the design. Today the market is represented by a colossal number of all kinds of variations. The most popular are curtains or blinds. Before making a decision, it is important to proceed from the following criteria:
- practicality;
- versatility;
- design.
Important! Each roof window must be protected with a mosquito net, or awning. In addition to protecting against annoying insects, such designs can have the appearance of a screen that gently diffuses light in the attic.
The mosquito net can work on the roller shutter principle. In the attic rooms, sun protection systems are often required. In such cases, you can give preference to blinds, which will help control the light in the room. Such systems have their own operational advantages and have a laconic design. The decoration is complemented by classic blinds or pleated blinds, you can use roller blinds. Roller shutters are functionality, sound insulation and heat protection, but they are not a decorative element and will not be able to decorate the interior.
You can use the classic version. 
Or choose such a decorative design. 
Protective roller blinds for roof windows. Curtains or drapes are classics. When you want to transform the atmosphere, paint it with bright colors, add elegant notes and create an aura of comfort, you cannot do without them. But in order to comfortably and organically "fit" the curtains into the interior of the attic, you need to sweat, as they say, because the room is architecturally non-standard. Double eaves are used for curtains. So that the curtains do not slide, but represent an elegant composition, there are many ways to create an original design: eyelets, hooks, Velcro, fasteners or fasteners. One of the innovative solutions for the design of a roof window is shutters. Designs can be different, installed inside or outside, have all kinds of fasteners and mechanisms. It is important to think over all the features in advance, taking into account the location of the window and the angle of inclination.
When designing roof windows, think about functionality and comfort. The interior, complemented by roof windows, is always unusual, organic and airy. Such decoration is always with the "aroma" of romance, grace and sophisticated French style. The most important point is the choice of the optimal design so that the window complements the overall architectural style of the building.
Ksenia Skvortsova. Chief Editor. Author.
Planning and allocation of responsibilities in the content production team, working with texts.
Education: Kharkov State Academy of Culture, specialty “Culturologist. Teacher of History and Theory of Culture ”. Experience in copywriting: From 2010 to the present. Editor: since 2016.
