Facade putty is often used for exterior decoration of brick or masonry. This is due to the fact that it cannot be laid perfectly evenly. Putty intended for finishing the facade has not only a decorative function, it protects against the effects of precipitation and minor physical impact. What features of this finishing material can be distinguished?
Facade putty used for outdoor work refers to finely dispersed materials, but it may include fractions of various sizes. All solutions differ in their consistency and functions. The following types of mixtures are distinguished:
- Basic. It is also called the start. This external putty is widely used for leveling surfaces.
- Finishing. It is represented by a mixture with smaller fractions compared to the previous composition. Ready putty has a liquid structure. It is widely used for finishing surface leveling, which is necessary for further decorative finishing of the facade. Although it has low strength characteristics, it is excellently sanded and malleable for finishing.
- Universal. This putty combines the advantages of starting and finishing mixtures. But it is not used for puttying the facade.
- Decorative. This exterior wall compound is often used for stucco and textured decorative elements.
- Wood putty. It is used to protect walls from atmospheric precipitation on wooden coverings. As a result, the surface acquires a special smoothness.
Facade putty for outdoor use is characterized by moisture resistance, elasticity and frost resistance. A layer of paint or decorative plaster can be applied to it. Also, the treated surface can be finished with mosaics, ceramic tiles or enamel.
Features of choice
There are increased requirements for facade putties. Weather resistance is the main criterion that applies to them. When choosing a specific composition, it is necessary to take into account the filler of the material. The evenness of the treated coating depends on it. The smaller the putty fraction, the smoother the surface will be.
Cement compositions have a more granular and coarse fraction. Pasty ready-made formulations have the best properties.
High-quality mixtures are distinguished by the following features:
- do not crack and set quickly;
- easy to use;
- retain their plasticity for a long time;
- can be combined with used paints and varnishes.
Related article: Features of oil putty (technical specifications)
Cement facade mixture is characterized by increased resistance to low temperatures and moisture. It has high strength, so it does not crack during application. For its manufacture, quartz sand is used, which is crushed to 0.5-0.6 mm. It may include marble dust, ground quartz sand or limestone flour with granules up to 0.2 mm in size.
Cement putty may include chemical additives to improve technical parameters. As for the color scheme, beige, gray and yellowish shades are used. White cement-based putty is not available today, as it requires expensive bleaches.
Polymer putty for the facade can be made on an acrylic or latex basis. Latex compositions are not used for finishing facades. But such putty is suitable for finishing walls in rooms. Acrylic façade mix can be used as both base and finish for exterior walls. It does not need to be diluted with water, and the coating has a thickness of 2 mm.
On the video: what are putties.
Making a mixture
Modern manufacturers supply all putties in two forms - in the form of a dry powder or a ready-made mixture. The already prepared Knauf mixture is supplied in closed plastic buckets. And Volma needs breeding and is supplied in paper bags of various sizes. In the second case, you will have to use water to prepare the composition. It is important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations exactly in order to obtain the optimal mixture density.
To knead the putty, a drill with a special nozzle is used. When the consistency becomes creamy, it should be infused for a few minutes.
Prepare a small amount, sufficient for a quick application to a specific area of the wall. Mixtures of most brands, like Knauf, retain their optimal properties for up to 3 hours. Then they harden, after which they can not be used.
Related article: Selection and application of putty for drywall joints
If you can not decide on the amount of putty mixture, start with a small portion. So you can determine your productivity by consumption and application area per hour per square meter of treated surface.
Application technique
Finishing work should begin after the shrinkage of the foundation is completed. On average, this process ends one year after the completion of construction work. For facade work, it is necessary to use a suitable putty. This process will require some effort and a little experience.
To apply a quality layer of Knauf, you will need at least 2 layers. Even an experienced craftsman will not do with just one layer of putty compounds. Work must be carried out at a temperature of +5 to +20 degrees. The maximum air humidity is not more than 80%.
To perform the work, a ready-made or dry mixture intended for finishing the facade is suitable. When using putty, it is important to follow the sequence of actions:
1. First of all, it is important to clean the coating from oil stains, dirt, dust and old finishing layers. If there are places with cracked plaster on the surface, it will have to be removed.
2. A deep penetration primer must be applied. It is important to consider that it must dry completely before the next stage of work.
4. After the first layer has dried on concrete, the surface is additionally primed. This improves adhesion to the next layer. The average consumption of the mixture is 11-15 liters per square meter. m. surface, and the thickness of the layer is about 4 mm.
5. Finishing putty allows you to repair individual defects - cracks, depressions and dents. It is applied in a thin layer, and it is expected to dry completely.
After the completion of the puttying work, the stage of plastering the wall follows. Do not apply outdoor plaster on a hot surface. It is important that direct sunlight and raindrops do not fall on the coating obtained with putty.
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Cement |
Concrete surfaces with deep cracks. Starting, universal and finishing versions are produced, differing in additives. | Resistance to temperature changes, reasonable price, ease of work. | Shrinkage occurs, cracking of the layer may occur. |
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Acrylic |
The liquid version levels and decorates the surface. It is applied with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 cm on a properly prepared and primed surface in advance. | Good moisture resistant material with a high level of strength and elasticity. | Unsuitable for quick repair of deep cracks, grinding requires the use of a respirator. |
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Latex |
The pasty composition has improved moisture resistance and good frost resistance. | Ease of application, high level of plasticity and good protective qualities, durability. | Not very affordable price. |
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silicate |
A mineral version of a facade mixture based on liquid glass, produced in a ready-to-use form. Suitable for work on surfaces represented by shell rock and cellular concrete. | High vapor permeability, serves as protection against moisture and dust, has neutral electrostatic indicators. | A minimal violation of the application technology can provoke the appearance of cracks. |
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Oil-glue |
A high level of composition density can affect the uniformity of the applied layer, so certain skills in finishing work are required. | Budget option with high protective properties. | Significant mass and high density, inconvenience of application on vertical surfaces. |
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Gypsum |
The presence of polystyrene in the composition indicates frost resistance, and latex additives improve water-repellent properties. The mixture can be presented in powder and liquid form. | Durable and plastic material with an affordable price and excellent technical characteristics. | Cons are practically absent when using high-quality material from official manufacturers. |
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Silicone |
Elastic material with high vapor permeability and strength. It is applied in a thin and uniform layer. | Plastic and vapor-permeable composition in a variety of colors. | Too high cost. |
Ceresit CT 225. Finishing putty for exterior and interior work
Self-preparation of putty
If there is a need to save money on the purchase of factory mixtures, it makes sense to prepare the putty yourself:
- to level concrete, relatively flat surfaces, it is recommended to prepare a gypsum-chalk mixture by mixing three parts of chalk and a part of gypsum. With uniform mixing, bulk ingredients should be gradually poured into a 5% solution based on wood glue. Homemade solution, mixed until smooth, is characterized by rapid solidification and should be used immediately after preparation;
Gypsum-chalk putty, mixing
- to level the wooden facade, it is desirable to use an oil mixture, in the manufacture of which a couple of kilograms of drying oil and four kilograms of chalk are mixed, with the addition of a quarter kilogram of desiccant. The composition brought to a boil must be cooled to room temperature.
What are desiccants
Construction chalk, calcium carbonate
It should be remembered that the consumption of self-prepared putty will be higher than when applying ready-made mixtures of factory production.
Preparation of a working tool
To carry out putty work, you will need to purchase some tools that make it easier to apply and get the most even, smooth surface:
- a fairly wide brush with soft bristles or a roller, through which the facade surface is primed;
Brush brush
Rollers for priming walls
- a construction mixer or an electric drill with a nozzle for high-quality mixing of the putty mixture;
Construction mixer
- several spatulas of different sizes, allowing you to process both large areas of the facade, as well as corners or hard-to-reach areas.
If paint is supposed to be used as a finish on the facade, then the surface must be absolutely even and smooth, so a well-dried layer of putty will need to be rubbed with a special fine-grained mesh.
Grid for grout putty
Surface preparation
Regardless of the type, putty must be applied to an absolutely clean, dry and pre-primed surface. It is best to use primer options for puttying, which will allow you not to plaster the surface. Universal primers can be used on any surface, but many experts consider such materials to be ineffective, so they prefer to use special formulations:
- antiseptic primers protect the surface from fungus;
Antiseptic primer for indoor and outdoor use
- anti-corrosion primers prevent rust on metal surfaces;
Alkyd anticorrosive primer GF-021 GOST 25129-82 for metal
- alkyd primers are good for woodworking;
Alkyd primer for wood «BASE»
- acrylic primers are best for concrete and brick;
acrylic primer
- Phenolic primers are optimal for metal surfaces.
Primers FL-03K and FL-03Zh. Technical information. Download file
Primers FL-03K and FL-03Zh
Step-by-step instructions for preliminary preparation of the facade surface for applying the starting putty layer.
Step 1. We remove all external facade decor elements and antennas that may interfere with the priming process.
Step 2 We fix all loose fitting elements on the facade surface or completely remove them.
Facade surface preparation
Step 3. We clean the outer surface from dust accumulations with a wet or dry brush with medium-hard bristles.
Facade cleaning
Step 4 We remove heavy dirt and layers of fatty deposits on the surface with a damp cloth. Too strong dirt and paint residues can be removed with solvents, after which the surface is washed with clean water.
Step 5 Using a construction roller, carefully apply the prepared primer solution in a thin but even layer.
Spray primer
Priming with a brush
Roller priming
Depending on the composition and weather conditions, the drying process of the primer can take from four hours to a day or more.
Technology of application of the starting layer
Starting mixtures are coarser and coarser. They are used for rough finishing of the facade and have good adhesion with concrete, lime, brick and other substrates. Allow to fill seams, deep cracks and other large defects.
Starting putty - what is it for and why is it good
Depending on the initial state of the facade, the working solution can be applied in a layer of several millimeters or centimeters. The starting solution is recommended to be applied thinly, but in several tiers. In this case, it is possible to obtain a better finish.
Step 1. We dilute cement and gypsum putty compounds with clean water in the proportion recommended by the manufacturer. Polymer compositions are already ready for use and before application they only need to be mixed.
Solution for putty
Step 2 We collect a small amount of the working solution on the construction spatula, after which we apply it to the surface with a sweeping and fairly wide movement. In the process of application, the spatula must be pressed tightly enough to the surface at a stable angle of inclination.
Large and small spatula
The photo shows how to correctly putty putty on a spatula
Putty application
wall plastering process
Step 3 We immediately smear all the influxes and irregularities with an empty spatula, and also carefully remove the excess mixture.
Wall putty
Step 4 After the solution has hardened, we perform a thorough grinding, which allows us to get rid of minor defects and makes the surface even and as smooth as possible.
grinding
Facades with strong irregularities need to be leveled in several steps.
Self-made quick-hardening formulations or solutions diluted on the basis of dry ready-made mixtures cannot be stored. They are used as soon as possible.
Features of finishing putty
The main features of applying putty on the wall
The composition of the finishing putty mixtures is represented by fine-grained fractions, due to which the processed structure acquires a smooth and durable structure. Coarse-grained putties based on quartz sand or marble chips can also be used, designed to create a relief and highly decorative texture of the facade.
In recent years, the most popular way to decorate the facade of buildings is the option in which putty is used, subsequently pigmented with high-quality coloring compositions. Quite often, this method is combined with facing works with natural or artificial material.
Leveling the finish coat
Finishing putty will improve the quality of subsequent decorative finishes
Facade putty can be applied not only manually, but also mechanically, using special equipment. The disadvantage of mechanical application is the lack of the most even application.
Main manufacturers
Putties on the domestic construction market can be represented by both foreign and Russian manufacturers. Of particular interest to the consumer is the products of the middle price category with high product characteristics.
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Dry mix "Plitonit-KF" |
Cement | 5 mm | 72 hours | At +5-30°С |
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Dry mix "Knauf Multi-Finish" |
Cement | 1-5 mm | 24-72 hours | At +10-20°С |
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Ceresit CT-225 |
Cement | 1-3 mm | 24 hours | At +5-30°С |
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Dry mix "Glims Finish-R" |
Cement-polymer | 1-10 mm | 24 hours | At +5°C and above |
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Dry mix "Bolars Finish-Super" |
Polymer | 0.2-2.0mm | 2 hours | At +5-30°С |
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Pasta "Bolars empire-facade" |
Polymer | 1-5 mm | 24 hours | At +5-35°C |
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Pasta "Profi" |
Latex | 1-5 mm | 4 hours | At +5°C and higher |
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Paste "Holzer Festspachtel Elastisch" |
Latex | 0.2-3.0 mm | 10 hours | At +10-30°С |
German Knauf cement-based exterior putties are characterized by high frost resistance and moisture resistance, so they will be the best option for finishing the exterior walls of newly erected buildings and restoring old facade surfaces.
Putties Knauf
Finnish acrylic-based Vetonit putty compounds are ideal for working with any concrete or wooden bases, subject to high levels of humidity.
Photo of Vetonit LR putty
Domestic mixtures "Ceresit", "Prospectors" and "Bolars" compare favorably not only with an affordable price, but also with good quality, and also allow you to get a durable coating.
Photo of finishing plaster Prospectors
Puttying work can be done independently even in the absence of building experience, but in this case the following recommendations should not be neglected:
- the surface of the facade must be prepared in advance, cleaned with a brush with metal bristles and carefully primed;
- moisture-resistant, frost-resistant and embossed putty mixtures can be applied to the facade surface only at positive temperatures;
- at negative temperatures, winter putty of the type "Rusean", "Kreps" and "VGT" is subject to use;
Putty VGT
- puttying technology may vary depending on the type of material, but the simplest and most affordable way is to apply on beacons, which will allow you to get an optimal layer in thickness;
- under each putty layer, a deep-impact primer solution must be applied, which helps to increase adhesion between the base and the applied composition;
Choose primer and putty from the same manufacturer
- the putty mixture for painting the facade should be white, as gray putties can adversely affect the decorative performance of the finish.
The photo shows modified dry mixes from Ceresit
Ready-to-use putty mixture
It should be noted that in the instructions, all responsible manufacturers always indicate not only the composition of the mixture, but also certain nuances of working with the material. Before purchasing, be sure to make sure that there is a quality certificate for the products sold.
Video - Proper putty for outdoor work
Video - Facade putty PLITONIT Kf white
What facade putty for outdoor use is currently on the market? Let's find out together what types of putty exist, what certain compounds are used for, and what brands make a quality product. And for the homemade ones, I will tell you how to putty the facade of the house for painting with your own hands in two ways.
Puttying the facade is one of the main stages of home improvement.
What does the market offer us?
The question of how to putty the facade is far from idle, because the facade putty for outdoor work can have a different composition, be intended for different types of base and even differ in layers, that is, each layer has its own mixture.
Separation of mixtures according to purpose
Before asking the price of putty and thinking about which one to choose so that the budget does not “crack”, decide for what purposes it is needed:
- Starter or base- these compounds are designed for primary leveling of the surface and have good adhesion. But you won’t be able to perfectly align the wall, for example, for painting, the mixture has a too large fraction and no matter how much you grind it, you still can’t achieve gloss. The layer thickness here can reach up to 20 mm;
- Finish Lineups– Designed for perfect alignment. Such putties are supposed to be applied over the starting ones, but on a flat wall, for example, on plaster, the finish is applied immediately. The layer thickness does not exceed 4 mm, therefore, the putty consumption per 1 m2 for facade plaster is less, but the price of these mixtures is higher;
- Decorative putty- the main purpose of such compositions is the original decoration of the facade, but along with this, they do an excellent job of protecting the walls from weather troubles. The fraction and method of application may differ, but the thickness of the decorative layer, as a rule, does not exceed 5-7 mm;
- Compositions for finishing wooden houses now isolated in a separate category, although this is a moot point. It uses exclusively vapor-permeable, waterproof facade putty, because there is moisture both in the atmosphere on the street and in the wood itself.
Decorative putty of the facade can be very diverse.
There are also so-called universal compositions, they combine the advantages of starting and finishing putties, but such mixtures are not used for facade work, their lot is internal surfaces.
Division of mixtures by composition
It directly depends on the components included in the mixture for which surfaces such putty is designed.
| Illustrations | Recommendations |
Cement putty.
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| Acrylic putty.
It is mainly represented by finishing compositions, can only be applied to a prepared surface and has a unique strength. The only downside is the price. |
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| Acrylic putty.
Pure latex putty is used in interior work, there are acrylate compounds for facades. Acrylate mixtures are immediately ready for use and are considered perhaps the most waterproof. |
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| silicate compounds.
These compositions are more used in a decorative niche. Focused on cellular concrete and shell rock, although there are models for all types of foundations. |
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| Oil-adhesive compositions.
They have increased frost resistance and affordable price. Often used for finishing wooden houses. |
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| Silicone plaster.
This is another representative of the polymer line, it has good water resistance and can withstand any frost, but the price is high. |
Stability of different types of putty in comparison.
Leading manufacturers
| Illustrations | Recommendations |
"Prospectors".
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"Knauf".
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VGT.
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| Ceresit.
It is represented by perhaps the widest range of compositions, there are both dry and pasty mixtures. Dry mix takes up to 1.8 kg/m², pasty finish compositions take 1.2 kg/m². |
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| "Bolars".
Domestic development, which competes well with leading foreign manufacturers:
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How to finish the facade yourself in two ways
For façade work, the plastering of the façade on plaster and the puttying of the reinforced façade are mainly used. The fact is that the white finishing putty, which is often used for painting, is expensive and is applied in a thin layer of up to 4 mm, so the wall must first be leveled and strengthened, and then puttyed.
Method number 1. We work on lighthouses
This method is most often used for a facade with really curved walls. In this case, it makes no sense to apply starting putty on curved walls, because the consumption per 1 m2 will be huge, it is cheaper to plaster the base with a standard cement-sand mortar in a ratio of 1:4.
| Illustrations | Recommendations |
| We set up beacons.
Planks for lighthouses are better to buy, in this case we took metal profiles, they are cheaper than carbon fiber.
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| We wet.
We work in the summer in the heat, so the wall needs to be moistened with water. In the offseason, you can do without it. |
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| Priming.
In this case, a special primer is not needed. We just mixed a liquid cement-sand mortar and threw it on the wall. |
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| Examination.
We apply a rule to the lighthouses and check that the soil layer does not “peep out” beyond the lighthouses. |
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Wall alignment.
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| Removing beacons.
Since we are going to putty for painting later, we need to pull out the metal beacons:
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| Align.
Now we need to align the shallow grooves after the rule:
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| We overwrite.
Now we bring the surface to the ideal:
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| We apply soil.
The instruction requires treating the wall with primer before puttying, but in such cases I simply moisten fresh wet plaster with water. |
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We mix putty.
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| We put putty on.
In small portions, with a narrow spatula, we impose the composition on a wide spatula or trowel and apply the putty in a circular motion.
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| We grind.
You can sand with sandpaper, but the sandpaper quickly clogs, so I recommend pulling a sanding mesh over the block and working. At the end of the sanding, you just have to brush off the dust from the wall, apply primer for painting and, when it dries, paint the house.
The video in this article shows the subtleties of the work clearly. |
Method number 2. We reinforce the walls
This method is suitable for a facade with even walls, as well as for puttying insulation boards, for example, extruded polystyrene foam.
| Illustrations | Recommendations |
| Base mix.
As a base mix, I use a cement-based facade adhesive. This mixture is frost-resistant and "clings" to the wall tightly. Under brick or concrete, you can take "Moment" it is cheaper, for polystyrene foam it is better to buy "Ceresit-CT83". After kneading, the adhesive is applied to the wall with a notched trowel, with a tooth of 10–12 mm. We move from bottom to top. |
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| We put a corner.
The first is a plastic corner with a reinforcing mesh. After you lightly sink the corner into the solution, check it vertically. |
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| We fix the grid.
Now we cut off an ordinary fiberglass mesh to the dimensions of the wall and, with an overlap over the corner mesh, melt it into the solution to hold it. |
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| Primary alignment.
Now we need to immerse our mesh completely in the glue mixture. To do this, take a spatula and press the grid with sweeping movements. |
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| Putty.
Now, using the technology described above, we putty the wall. The only difference is that at first we apply and slightly grind the starting coarse-grained composition, and a white finishing putty is already placed on it. |
Conclusion
As you can see, facade putty is applied quite simply, the main thing is to choose the right composition for a specific base. If you have any questions, write in the comments, I will try to help.
"Bark beetle" - one of the most common types of putty.
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Facade putty for outdoor construction works, as a material, in addition to the leveling function, protects the external walls of the structure from the negative effects of weather conditions - moisture, frost. It comes in several forms. Mixtures with a paste consistency are used immediately after purchase, as they are already ready for use. When buying a dry powder, you will have to work hard and prepare the mixture yourself at home.
outdoor work
The finished material is packed into buckets. Despite the ease of use of such putty, the transportation process is not as convenient as in the case of the dry version.
Facade putty and in finished form of various consistencies. It depends on the manufacturer and the purpose of the material.
The classification distinguishes the compositions:
- Starting - the material is considered as a leveling or base material.
- Finishing - the composition used at the last stage of outdoor work. The material is fine-grained with a liquid consistency. Unlike the starting version, this facade putty is not so strong, but the end result is of high quality. This is possible due to the advantageous properties - easy and thin application (layer of 0.4 mm), susceptibility to processing (grinding).
- Universal - the material includes the advantages of the two previous options, is not used for outdoor facade processing.
- Decorative - the composition is used to form decorative objects or create elements of moldings fixed on the building from the outside.
- Facade putty for wood - used for the exterior walls of a wooden building in order to level the surface to a smooth state. In addition, the mixture is used as a protection for wood vulnerable to weather conditions. It is suitable in cases where the skin is made of wood.
Putty for wood "Extra" 
Facade putty for outdoor use 
Facade putty for outdoor use 
A lot of manufacturers are engaged in the production of finishing 
How to navigate a wide variety of finishing materials 
Facade putty for finishing buildings 
Another option for facade putty Distinguish products based on cement, which is well adjacent to moisture and low temperatures, or polymer.
The group of polymer materials includes acrylic/latex blends.
Advantages of acrylic-based material:
- Convenient use.
- Simplicity in work.
- Fast drying period, not accompanied by cracking and shrinkage.
- Do not add water to achieve the desired consistency.
Characteristics of stable mixtures for outdoor use
For outdoor work, special mixture options are provided. They show increased resistance to weather conditions and have the appropriate technical characteristics.
Facade putty with waterproof properties is a vivid example of a practical approach to the choice of building materials.
It has such advantages:
- Reliable level of protection against moisture - evaporation, accumulation of condensate or heavy rain will not cause serious damage to the building.
- Ease of application, ease of distribution over the surface.
- The application does not take much time, which allows you not to delay the preparation of the walls.
- It is also used indoors, which helps out during repairs in baths, bathrooms, industrial premises.
The cost is low, and taking into account the advantages, such a composition can be safely called convenient and practical. It is recommended to use at the preparatory stage before painting.
Video review will tell you how to work with putty compounds when processing facades:
Another option is popular among consumers - frost-resistant putty. It is characterized by easy application, well perceives the proximity of various types of plaster. Facade mixture with resistance to low temperatures is most often used to fill cracks and eliminate other facade defects.
The composition is considered universal. Work is not limited to specific weather conditions. Frost-resistant putty is both practical and reliable. The cost is more expensive than that of a waterproof mixture, but the benefits are much greater.
On the modern market there are materials with heat-resistant characteristics.
Appointment of facade putties
As mentioned above, facade putty is used not only to level the surface during construction. There are a couple more benefits that you should not be silent about:
- it performs protective functions against the harmful effects of weather factors and any mechanical damage;
- acts as a soundproofing and heat-insulating material.
Composition and properties
The main properties of facade finishing putties are:
- high adhesive properties;
- plastic;
- moisture resistance;
- frost resistance;
- resistance to cracking and fading;
- resistance to any temperature changes;
- excellent compatibility with any paint and varnish materials.
As part of the finish, there are several components that provide all of the listed properties, first of all it is cement, gypsum and chalk, then there are mineral, marble and modifying additives and fillers. as well as plasticizers.
Cooking technology
If you purchased a dry mix for finishing exterior surfaces, then you will have to dilute it. If you have never done this, then first of all, study the instructions on the package, usually manufacturers indicate not only the pointing process, but also the desired proportions.
The standard guidance scheme looks like this:
- The dry mixture is poured into the prepared water and gently stirred. The amount of water and the mixture is taken strictly in proportion.
- The solution is mixed in several ways, manually, which is quite laborious and time consuming, or with a drill, in which case the finished mixture will be more homogeneous.
- After mixing, it is kept for 5 minutes, and mixing is performed again.
The calculation of the required amount is carried out empirically, first a small portion of the solution is introduced and the area that you have processed is measured, according to this, the required volume of the finishing mixture is calculated.
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