What insulation is better for the walls of a frame house. The nuances of warming a frame house from the inside How a frame house is insulated

What do we expect first of all from a frame house? Safety, comfort and, above all, warmth. It was the thermal characteristics that confidently brought frame houses to the top of the most popular buildings, and have kept them there for several years. However, there are cases when the house should be additionally insulated from the inside, and you can do it yourself.

In what cases is it necessary

Not every house is subject to internal insulation, since already during the construction of the wall of the frame building, the insulation is laid inside. It can be any modern insulation that is certified and has all the documents. Do not purchase Chinese material, especially if it is significantly cheaper. Its quality and safety leave much to be desired, and the glue that may be included is completely dangerous.

However, sometimes the house needs insulation.

Warming of old houses. If your house has stood for 10-15 years, then the insulation that is in the walls may lose quality. Especially if the operating conditions of the frame building were difficult - perhaps moisture sometimes penetrated the wall, or the integrity of the protecting materials - waterproofing and vapor barrier - was violated. In this case, the house is insulated from the inside, using mineral wool. Styrofoam can also be used, but there must be high requirements for it so that there is no technical smell in the room for a long time.
Insulation of the house for winter living. If you had a country house in which you lived only in the summer season, with the help of insulation you can make the house habitable even in cold weather, but you will also have to think about heating. However, if there is light in the house, then this ceases to be a problem. In addition, you can fold the oven or use gas heaters.
If initially you made a mistake and chose a heater with an inappropriate density or thickness for your climate zone, as a result, the house turned out to be poorly retaining heat.
If mold has appeared on your walls, it means that the walls need to be insulated, because condensation appears on the walls due to freezing, cold bridges or dew points.

Thus, there are several reasons to insulate the house, but how to do it - we will consider below.

How is the process of installing insulation

So, before you start to warm the frame house, you should carry out a series of preparatory work. First of all, it is worth removing the interior trim, peel off the wallpaper or siding. The surface must be flat and clean. If mold spots are visible on the walls, they are removed and smeared with an antifungal solution. Otherwise, warming will bring one harm.

Next you should choose materialwith which the house will be insulated. Usually it is mineral wool or foam. For internal insulation of the house, foam plastic can be chosen thinner, it should not be too soft, foam plastic of average density will do. For floor insulation - more dense.

If you have chosen mineral wool for warming a frame house, then please note that it is sold in the form of mats or rolls.

So, a step-by-step instruction for working with foam plastic with your own hands:

Treating the wall of the house with an antifungal agent to protect the house from fungus. To do this, we use a container for liquid and a roller. We work through the entire wall, allowing the product to soak in. Very often, these products have a pungent odor and are poisonous, so applying them to the wall should occur during ventilation so that fresh air is available. Hands must be protected with gloves. You should also make sure that the product does not get into the eyes. Warming without processing cannot be of high quality.
If you are insulating with polystyrene foam, we fix the insulation from the corner, so that later we can cut off the excess. For fixing, we use foam and plugs-fungi. On one sheet there are 5 fungi - 1 from the corners and one in the center. To the wall of the frame building, we first fix the foam with a fungus in the middle, and then install the plugs in the corners.
After the first level, we also lay the second level of foam with our own hands.
To make the foam more durable, we apply expanded clay, tile glue on top of it. After hardening, it makes the wall almost concrete. For application, use a large spatula. Spread the glue evenly over the wall with a thin layer, and let it dry.
When the wall is dry, we need to clean it. To do this, we take sandpaper and a holder. Work is best done in a mask, as it is very dusty. Fine dust from glue is quite harmful, and it is undesirable to breathe it.
The next stage: work with a primer and a roller. After everything is cleaned with sandpaper, it is necessary to prime the wall. After that, the wall is ready in plaster.

Thus, the wall is insulated from the inside, and all the work is done by hand. In a similar way, you can insulate a wooden house with mineral wool, such as basalt. It is quite dense, well cut with a knife.

At the same time, the foam still has some disadvantages when insulating a frame building from the inside.

Styrofoam does not breathe and contributes to the obstruction of the outflow of steam. But mineral wool is considered a breathable material, so indoors it is better to use it.

Risks and consequences

The insulation of a frame house from the inside also has opponents. In fact, there is an opinion that it is better not to insulate the house from the inside with your own hands, and if you decide to take such a step, then you need to use only breathable materials. Why is there such an opinion?

In order to answer this question, you need to learn more about the structure of the frame wall. It consists of the following layers: vapor barrier membrane, insulation, waterproofing film and boards on both sides.

The biggest evil for a frame wall is moisture, which, getting inside, settles with condensate on the insulation, rendering it unusable, and also causes wood rotting, mold and the spread of fungus.

Where does moisture get into the wall? It is generally accepted that from the street if the waterproofing is not done correctly. After all, there is snow, and rain, and fog on the street. However, experience and practice suggest that moisture gets inside the wall most often from inside the house, therefore, in order for vapors and moisture to freely exit the wall, it is necessary to use breathable materials. Styrofoam does not belong to such materials, but mineral wool - yes.

Therefore, polystyrene foam can do great harm if you insulate the house from the inside with it, and great benefit if you use it outside. And from the inside the house is better to insulate

This question is asked by every novice builder who has to complete the process of warming the building.

It is not enough to build a house with your own hands, you need to create comfortable living conditions in it, and without insulation this is difficult to achieve.
At the moment, there are a large number of thermal insulation materials that can be used to insulate a frame house with your own hands. They differ in composition, which, in turn, implies differences in the use of the material and the positive and negative sides of each insulation.

Consists of a heater for 80 percent. The insulation does not have a heating effect, its task is to prevent heat loss. Since during the heating process heat can be dissipated, being transferred through the walls of the building to the outside, the insulation also acts as a kind of barrier that does not allow the room to quickly heat up in hot weather or cool down in the cold season.
Materials for insulation

The most common material for insulation is mineral wool. It is a fibrous substance with good performance of both thermal insulation and sound insulation. But the main disadvantage of the material can be called its toxicity. In addition, mineral wool does not perceive moisture well, losing its protective characteristics upon contact with it, therefore, in order to insulate a frame house with this material, waterproofing must be carried out.
The next material is ecowool. Unlike the previous one, it is a completely natural material, which allows you to create an environmentally friendly home. Its components are safe for health and non-toxic.

Ecowool is shredded paper impregnated with a chemical composition. One of them is boric acid, which does not prevent the insulation from rotting and makes it non-combustible. The insulation has good heat and sound insulation characteristics, and is quickly installed. However, this material is difficult to install by yourself, as a result of which you have to resort to the help of specialists or assistants.
Such a heater as polystyrene is quite successfully used. Its disadvantages are low noise insulation, a high degree of flammability, and the release of harmful substances during combustion. But if you approach the operation of a building insulated with foam plastic as carefully as possible, observing fire safety standards, then such a building will last a long time without causing discomfort to its owners.

The advantages of polystyrene are available. It does not absorb moisture, and therefore does not require additional waterproofing. By its weight, it is very light, which is convenient during the delivery of material and carrying out insulation work. In addition, the material will cost much less than the use of ecowool.

Another material on this list of heaters is polyurethane foam. Being the most modern material, polyurethane foam has absorbed all the best qualities of its predecessors. It is non-flammable, non-toxic, provides good thermal insulation at low temperatures. Insulation of a house using polyurethane foam occurs quickly, which is due to the method of applying the material - two components are sent to the sprayer, which mix under the influence of air, and then fall on the surface in the form of foam, which hardens in a short time. The only drawback of the material is its high price.

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house warming process

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Preparing and warming the house

To insulate the house with your own hands, the first step is to check the condition of the walls of the building. Once any defects are identified, they must be corrected. Before warming the house, it is recommended to carry out a whole range of preparatory work, which will allow you to prepare a frame house. This list includes cleaning the walls of the building from dirt, removing foreign objects, such as protruding nails. In addition, it is necessary to close the existing gaps between the structural elements with mounting foam. You will need a building hair dryer to dry the damp areas of the wood.

To insulate a frame house, you will need tools and materials such as:

Building hair dryer (for drying walls).

Nail puller (for removing protruding nails).

Drill and screwdriver.

Self-tapping screws.

Insulation.

Mounting foam.

Putty.

Construction stapler.

Construction adhesive.

Reinforcing mesh.

It implies two stages of work: installation of waterproofing and installation of a layer of thermal insulation. Waterproofing material must be cut into strips corresponding to the size of the walls of the house. Next, the material is fixed to the racks, followed by a complete sheathing of the frame using a construction stapler.

A good material for waterproofing a frame house is glassine. When using this material, moisture absorption can reach 20 percent. Further, the moisture is removed to the wood, which, in turn, dries naturally. Strips of glassine are overlapped. The layer of material is 10 cm, fastening is carried out every 12 cm along the joint.

This type of work is intended only to insulate the frame house from the inside. External waterproofing does not make sense, as moisture will remain between the layers without coming out, which will eventually lead to rotting and further destruction of the building.

After the laying of the waterproofing is completed, the laying of the heat-insulating material is carried out. The material is placed between the racks of the frame, having previously cut it to certain sizes, which will correspond to the dimensions of the wall. It should be noted that the size of the heat-insulating material is allowed to be larger than the size of the wall by about 5 cm. This will allow for a more dense installation. Cutting sheets of thermal insulation is carried out with an ordinary knife.

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Internal and external insulation

The heat leakage of a frame house, like any other structure, occurs through the walls. Therefore, it is not enough to insulate the frame house from the inside, you should pay attention to both sides. The most practical option is external insulation, for this the best material would be foam.

Insulation with foam involves a phased work. First you need to align the walls, this will allow the plates to fit snugly against the walls. Therefore, it is necessary to remove dirt and dust, eliminate wall defects and carry out a primer.

The next stage of insulation is the installation of plates. For this purpose, building glue is used, which processes the surface of both the wall and the slabs themselves. To ensure the most durable connection of the plates to the wall, it is recommended to additionally fasten them with dowels.

After the installation of the plates is completed, a protective coating should be applied. For this purpose, a reinforcing mesh is mounted, on top of which two layers of putty are applied. Two layers of material will increase the strength of the insulation. To give the wall a more beautiful and aesthetic appearance, you can apply decorative plaster, which allows not only to ennoble the appearance of the building, but also to protect the building from temperature fluctuations.

The insulation of the walls from the inside is exactly the same as from the outside. The only difference is that, in addition to decorative plaster and putty, drywall is used as a finishing component. But it is worth paying attention that with internal insulation, the space of the room also decreases. In addition, with a small failure in the heating system, the rooms cool down quickly. For this reason, wall insulation from the inside is carried out in cases where it is not possible to carry out insulation from the outside.

Frame house insulation- one of the most important stages of construction, since the insulation layer serves as the only barrier to the penetration of cold into the home, as well as an insulator from wind and moisture.

AND up to 80% all frame houses are insulated with mineral wool or materials based on it.

Mineral wool- This is a vapor-permeable insulation, which is the most popular material for thermal insulation. Minvata is distinguished by high sound insulation and environmental friendliness. Throughout the entire period of use, the mineral wool remains in its original form.

Advantages and disadvantages

Main advantages mineral wool:

Low thermal conductivity. This coefficient depends on the density of the mineral wool and can range from 0.032 to 0.039 W / (m * K). And the harder the wool, the less thermal conductivity it will have.
Durability. With proper installation, insulation can last up to 70 years.
Ease of installation. The material is easy to cut with a knife and is convenient to process.
Fire safety. Mineral wool does not burn, but only melts under the influence of high temperatures, while not releasing harmful substances into the atmosphere.

To disadvantages mineral wool insulation include:

High cost.
The need to protect the material from moisture using a vapor and waterproofing film.
Installation of wool slabs must be carried out in a suit and a respirator to protect against harmful dust .

Types of mineral wool, their pros and cons

It happens 3 types:

Glass wool (raw materials are glass melts).
Stone (made from rocks).
Slag (made from slag).

Previously described advantages and disadvantages mineral wool are inherent in all its varieties, the following shows the distinctive pros and cons of each type.

glass wool- This is a fibrous insulation, which is one of the types of mineral wool. The raw materials for its manufacture are glass melts and binders - resins.

Advantages of glass wool:

Breathability.
Frost resistance.
Chemical resistance.
Resistant to mold and fungal attack.

Cons of insulation:

Short service life - up to 10 years.
Shrinkage up to 80%.

Stone (basalt) wool is a vapor-permeable insulation, which is one of the best sound and heat insulating materials. It is made from rocks with the addition of carbamide resins and bentonite clay.

Advantages of stone wool:

High density.
Minimum shrinkage (about 5%).
Resistant to decay, mold and mildew.

To disadvantages can be attributed to the high moisture absorption of stone wool.

Important: cotton wool is produced in slabs and rolls, it can have different density - from 30 to 100 kg / m³.

slag wool is made from blast-furnace slag, which is a waste of metallurgical industries.

Advantages of slag:

flexibility and elasticity (can be used for warming rounded surfaces).
Low cost.

Cons of insulation:

When water gets on the cotton wool, an acid is released that destroys the metal.
The material does not tolerate temperature extremes.

The table shows that stone wool has the very best technical indicators, plus everything has a minimum shrinkage. Slag wool is noticeably inferior to glass and stone wool in terms of thermal conductivity and has low sound insulation performance.

Frame house floor insulation technology

floor insulation technology based on the type of foundation of the house. Most frame structures are placed on a pile-screw foundation, but regardless of the type of foundation of the house, the first layer of floor insulation should be waterproofing.

If the house is located high from the ground and you can climb under it, then under the logs from below they are first attached with a stapler waterproofing film and then nail the bottom cladding boards.

They can be nailed close to each other or in increments up to 40 cm. They will keep the mineral wool slabs and the waterproofing film from falling down.

If you can’t crawl under the house, then boards are stuffed under the logs, and then a film is laid on top of the logs and boards from the inside. Mineral wool fits tightly between the lags on the film . Distance between lags should be 58-59 cm, since the standard width of wool slabs is 60 cm.

Average mineral wool layer thickness should be 15 cm, and the height of the lag is slightly less. Each new layer of wool must overlap the joints of the previous one and have an overlap of at least 20 cm.

Over mineral wool and lag attach a vapor barrier film, glue the joints with 2-sided tape. Sheets of plywood, OSB or boards are laid on the film, which will serve as the basis for finishing the floors.

Important: hydro and vapor barrier films are laid so that their edges go onto the walls. This will prevent moisture from getting between the wall and the floor of the frame house.

Scheme of wall insulation of a frame house with mineral wool

The walls in the frame house are insulated and outside and inside. The materials used for this are the same.

Insulation of external walls

wall insulation technology mineral wool outside includes several stages. First, the frame is sheathed on the outside with OSB boards with a distance between the boards of 2-3 mm. Then these slots are filled with mounting foam.

Outside, a waterproofing film is stretched over the plates to protect boards and a layer of mineral wool from precipitation, the joints of the films are double-sided tape.

From the inside, mineral wool slabs are inserted between the frame bars. The joint of the second layer of wool must overlap the joint of the first by 15-20 cm.

Advice: it is best to take wool slabs with a density of at least 35-50 kg / m³ to insulate the walls of a frame dwelling. Such a mineral wool will not sag and roll down.

After installing all insulation must be completed mounting foam all the cracks that appeared at the junctions of boards and beams.

Over a layer of mineral wool a vapor barrier film is stretched from the inside to protect the insulation from moisture coming from inside the room. Next, OSB sheets, plywood or boards are stuffed onto the film. Finally, the walls are finished.

Insulation of internal walls

Insulation of internal walls frame house is mainly carried out to provide sound insulation. To do this, you can use mineral wool, another type of insulation or special soundproof materials.

The technology of wall insulation inside is similar to the insulation of external walls, while hydro- and heat-insulating films may not apply.

Ceiling insulation with mineral wool

Ceiling insulation is one of the most important stages of home insulation technology. It is recommended to carry out it while the roof is not yet fully assembled, so that it does not interfere with the dense laying of mineral wool on top of the ceiling.

First, a vapor barrier film is attached to the ceiling beams from the inside. A board is nailed to it 2.5 cm thick, plywood sheet or OSB board. Further, wool slabs are attached from above according to the same rules as for wall and floor insulation.

Attention: mineral wool is placed completely along the entire ceiling, plus an overlap for the entire width of the walls.

If the attic is not used for living, then there is no need to lay membrane films. You can immediately sheathe it with plywood or board for ease of movement. In the case when it is not possible to insulate the ceiling from above, it is applied insulation from the inside. For this, mineral wool slabs are tied to the ceiling. Then a vapor barrier film and plywood sheets or boards are sewn.

Since warm air always rises, with illiterate insulation the ceiling from the room will leave a large amount of heat.

Insulation of the roof of a frame house

roof insulation technology similar to ceiling insulation with one exception. A waterproofing film must be laid on the insulation layer to protect the mineral wool from the external environment (rain, wind or snow).

After installation of the rafter system, a vapor barrier film is hemmed from below, on which hemming boards or plywood sheets are stuffed from the inside.

Then sheets of insulation are laid outside, covering them with a waterproofing film. On film stuffing the counter-lattice, then the crate under the roof and the roofing material itself.

Roof insulation it is more convenient to produce outside, so the cotton fibers will not fall on the face. If the roof is already assembled, then the insulation can be made from the inside. But this is less convenient, since it will be necessary to temporarily fix the mineral wool slabs before pulling the vapor barrier.

In conclusion, we can say that the insulation of a frame house with mineral wool will ensure minimal heat removal through the walls and cut costs for heating in winter. Mineral wool as a heater provides natural ventilation in the house and is an excellent sound insulator from noise from the street.

See the video for the insulation scheme of a frame house with mineral wool:

Master class on warming the external walls of a frame house using URSA TERRA, see no video:

Frame houses are distinguished not only by practicality, but also by attractive external indicators. This is an ideal option for those who want to acquire inexpensive, but comfortable housing. Today we will talk about the insulation of a frame house.

Do-it-yourself warming of a frame house

Design features

There are two main ways to build frame buildings:

frame-panel (buildings are assembled directly at the factory with ready-made elements);
frame-frame (all elements are prepared and assembled at the construction site).

In the section, the wall of the frame house is a multi-layer cake (this can be seen in the above image). It is also worth noting that the frames themselves can be of two types:

wooden;
metal.

For a long time, wood was the main building material, and it is not surprising - it is cheap, durable, weighs little, it is easy to work with and it has excellent thermal conductivity. Metal structures are erected from perforated steel profiles, mostly galvanized (this extends the service life to one hundred years).

Now - directly to the process of warming the frame house!

Stage one. The choice of material for the insulation of a frame house

After the supporting structure is ready, you need to start thermal insulation, and here, of course, there are a lot of questions. And the main one is the choice of a suitable material. There are quite a few of them, but the most popular are expanded polystyrene, basalt, eco- and glass wool, extruded polystyrene foam, materials that are sprayed or poured. It would seem that the choice is wide enough, but not all of the described heaters are suitable for a frame building.

For example, polystyrene foam with polystyrene will not work because if you tightly lay them in the interframe voids, then the structure itself will increase in volume or dry out in the future due to the natural properties of the tree, which causes cracks to form between the thermal insulator and the frame. It is quite obvious that thermal energy will escape through these cracks, and the insulation material itself will no longer be effective. Therefore, a thermal insulator suitable for us must be elastic: even if the shape of the frame changes, there will still be no gaps, since the vacated space will be filled with this material.

Now let's get down to specifics. Consider all the remaining materials, and you yourself will decide which one is more suitable (for price, quality, etc.).

Option number 1. Basalt wool for insulation of a frame house

Perhaps one of the most popular insulating materials. It has excellent noise and thermal insulation properties and is produced by melting mountain basalt. For this reason, the material is sometimes called stone wool.

Note! The temperature that it can withstand is +1000 C, so this is a real fireproof insulation.

The disadvantage of the material is that it absorbs moisture, due to which its main properties deteriorate over time. Therefore, when insulating a frame house, it is necessary to protect basalt wool with vapor and waterproofing materials. We also note that for the thermal insulation of walls it is necessary to use the material that is produced in the plates. It is desirable that it has a special marking indicating that it is for walls, otherwise, after a couple of years, the cotton wool will sit down and cracks will form in the wall (namely, in its upper part), through which cold air will penetrate.

Option number 2. Ecowool

A modern material made from cellulose. It differs from the previous version not only in appearance, but also in installation technology. For insulation with ecowool, a special machine is needed to mix the material with water droplets; then all this mixture is driven into the interframe space.

Water droplets are here for a reason - they stick together ecowool patches, thus forming a monolithic thermal insulator around the entire perimeter of the building. Therefore, there can be no cold bridges in such walls. Although it is possible to install ecowool without the use of special equipment, that is, dry. In this case, it is simply poured between the layers of walls and carefully rammed.

Ecowool is immune to high humidity emanating from the room, so no vapor barrier is needed in this case. The only drawback of the material is the high cost (not only it, but also installation work).

Option number 3. glass wool

Another very popular material that can be used in a frame house. It differs from basalt wool in that it is made from molten glass. It is characterized by excellent thermal insulation properties, fire safety and the fact that no toxic substances are released when exposed to fire.

Note! Glass wool is often produced in rolls. You should pay attention to the fact that it must have markings for the walls (this is necessary for a frame-type house).

Option number 4. Loose insulation

These include sawdust, expanded clay, slag and the like. At one time, this technology was a great success, since it was quite difficult to get good insulation material. But today bulk materials are practically not used. Everything is explained quite simply: their common drawback is that over time they shrink, and the thermal insulation properties are very doubtful.

Option number 5. glassine

Glassine is a thick paper treated with bitumen. The material is often used in construction to protect against wind and moisture, although in reality this is not necessary - the material does not allow moisture to pass through from the room, and it accumulates in the frame itself.

Note! We do not consider spraying with polyurethane foam, although it is very effective and can be applied to almost any surface. Firstly, he is afraid of direct sunlight, which reduces its service life by half. Secondly, its application requires special equipment, and this pleasure is not cheap. We are talking about the insulation of a frame house, which in itself implies minimizing costs.

Video - How to insulate a house

Stage two. Preparatory activities

First, a number of important points should be clarified, without which the thermal insulation of a frame building can easily turn into a waste of money. First, we note that it is necessary to think not only about the walls, since both the ceiling and the floor can also let in cold air! In addition, the insulation material should be qualitatively protected from moisture, using internal / external waterproofing for this. Finally, when performing installation work, it is necessary to leave small ventilation gaps between the walls and the insulation itself.

Before proceeding with installation work, thoroughly clean all work surfaces from dirt and dust. If protruding screws or nails are found, remove them. And if there are gaps between the frame elements of the building, then blow them with mounting foam. Dry all damp areas (if any) with a building hair dryer.

Note! If before that the outer surface of the walls was thermally insulated using a waterproofing material, then its re-installation inside the building is no longer required, otherwise excess moisture will accumulate in the structure and, as a result, it will quickly collapse. Below is an instruction exclusively for internal insulation.

Stage three. waterproofing layer

Immediately make a reservation that the installation technology for all materials is approximately the same. First, measure all the walls of the frame, and then, in accordance with the calculations, cut the strips of the material that was chosen for waterproofing. Fasten the material to the posts using a mounting stapler so that the frame is completely sheathed.

Stage four. Installing a vapor barrier

Even if moisture-resistant materials are used for insulation, vapor barrier must still be performed. At first glance, these are unnecessary expenses, without which it is quite possible to do without. But the fact is that inside the frame there will be not only a heater, but also other elements (for example, the same tree), which still need protection from steam penetrating the walls from the room.

Scheme of laying a layer of vapor barrier when insulating a frame house

As a vapor barrier, both a special film and foamed polyethylene can be used. Fasten the selected material to the frame racks close to the thermal insulator using a mounting stapler. Sometimes insulation blocks are simply wrapped with this material, but in reality this is not necessary - as we have just noted, protection must be provided for all frame elements without exception.

The material is laid with an overlap of at least 10 centimeters, and all joints are carefully sealed with high-quality double-sided tape. Also, do not forget the fact that the thickness of the vapor barrier material in no way affects that of the insulating material.

Stage five. Insulation installation

If mineral wool is used for thermal insulation, before starting work, be sure to put on personal protective equipment - a respirator, gloves, goggles, special clothing. If you use foam (and this material, as we said, is not very suitable), then such security measures are not needed. When insulating a frame house, lay the material evenly between the frame posts, not forgetting the ventilation gaps required between the thermal insulator and the sheathing. For cutting mineral wool, you can use scissors or an ordinary knife, but for foam plastic you will need an electric jigsaw or a hacksaw with small teeth.

Note! Experts assure that it is more efficient to lay the insulation in two layers. So, first the first layer should be 10 centimeters thick, then a wooden crate is stuffed in a horizontal position, on top of which the second layer is laid (its thickness should already be 5 centimeters). Such a little "trick" will help to avoid the formation of cold bridges.

Lay a protective film over the insulation (if necessary, that is, if the house was not properly insulated from the outside). This will help ensure that the material will always be in a dry state, and moisture from the outside will not get in.

Note! For the ventilation gap, which has been mentioned more than once, stuff a wooden crate 3 centimeters thick.

After that, you can begin the installation of OSB-plates and decorative trim.

Stage six. We sew walls in a frame house

The procedure for warming the frame house is almost completed, it remains only to sew up all the walls from the inside. Often, OSB plates are used for this, although you can also use drywall sheets. Although we note that drywall is appropriate only in the case of a sufficiently even frame, otherwise it will take all forms of irregularities. On the contrary, OSB is much tougher, so it can be used to eliminate minor flaws. On top of one of them, start finishing.

Fastening OSB boards to the strapping in the presence of a second floor

Two options for docking plates

About additional insulation

If what is described above is not enough, then you can additionally take care of external insulation (if, of course, it is not already there). If mineral wool was used inside, then from the outside lay a vapor barrier that will protect the material from condensed moisture. By the way, it can be not only a film, but also aluminum foil, although, frankly, this material is not the best.

As a windscreen, you can use the same OSB or plywood. Eurolining, siding or other suitable materials can serve as a finishing coating. That's all, good luck with your work and warm winters!

Video - Do-it-yourself warming of a frame house

Frame houses are more suitable for summer living. If such a house is used all year round, it will need to be insulated. For sound insulation, comfort and durability of the building, insulation must be carried out in compliance with GOSTs.

In this article I will tell you how to insulate a frame house for winter living.

Ways of warming frame houses

First you need to decide on the type of thermal insulation. It can be internal, external, as well as insulation of the floor, ceiling, etc.

What you need to know about outdoor insulation

This type of insulation has the following advantages:

Additional protection of walls against deformation.
The insulation takes on sudden changes in temperature, thereby extending the life of the building.
It makes the walls smoother, making it possible to use different facade finishing materials.

External insulation is:

ventilated;
wet insulation.

The first method is the most common and economical, such work can be done without the help of specialists. A gap is made between the insulation and the lining, which performs the function of ventilation. Thus, the condensate accumulated in the heater is blown out by the air flow. This technology extends the life of the building.

The second way - we glue the insulation to the wall, and then fasten it to the dowels. From above we apply several coatings: reinforcing, intermediate and decorative. However, without work experience, it is impossible to perform "wet" insulation.

Important about warming the house from the inside

Internal insulation of the house has a number of advantages:

the ability to work in any weather and season;
you can lay the insulation yourself;
provides good sound insulation.

Among the disadvantages:

condensation may appear on the wall, under the insulation;
the wall does not warm up well, which leads to dampness;
reduction in floor space;
materials used are harmful to health;
gaps remain at the junction of the insulation through which cold will appear.

When insulating the walls inside the building, you should consider:

Humidity in the room.
The weather conditions of the area where the house is built.
insulation properties.
Thermal parameters of the wall.

How to insulate a frame house for winter living?

In order to make it possible to live comfortably in the frame, and in winter, the material used for insulation must have the following qualities:

Environmental friendliness - the insulation should not contain substances that can be harmful to health.
Fire resistance - the material should not ignite, and in case of fire - emit a large amount of smoke.
A small coefficient of thermal conductivity is optimal if the insulation for winter in a frame house is in the range of 100-150 mm.
Strength and tightness - the insulation must tightly fill the gaps of the frame.
Ease of installation of thermal insulation.

To insulate a frame house, it is customary to choose between polystyrene foam, extruded polystyrene foam, mineral wool, basalt wool and polyurethane foam.

I'll point it out right now!

I am a supporter of the use of basalt (stone) wool in the insulation of frame houses. The advantages of this material are undeniable!

Consider the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Styrofoam

The material is considered the warmest, but less than others is suitable for warming frame houses. Usage features:

Styrofoam - these are rigid plates, they are laid on a flat wall. For a frame house, this option of insulation is only suitable for a perfectly flat surface, otherwise cold air will come through the gaps.
The material must not be placed near sources of fire.
Does not allow moisture to pass through, requires the installation of reliable waterproofing and vapor barrier.

light weight, which makes the installation process simple;
does not lose its properties with temperature changes.

Insulation is best installed outside the building.

This is a high quality material with good thermal insulation properties. It is made from granular polystyrene and foaming agent.

Low water absorption. This indicator remains unchanged even at high humidity.
No additional waterproofing required.
Strength.
Low flammability.
It can be used at temperatures from -50 to +75 degrees.
Environmental friendliness and harmlessness to health.
You can install it yourself.

Low vapor barrier. To improve the indicator, ventilation is required.
High price.
Installation of an additional frame on which the material will be attached.
Applying a special compound to polystyrene foam to protect against UV rays.

Due to its quality characteristics, the material is often used for insulation of floors, facades and foundations.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool is based on fibers from minerals of volcanic origin.

Among the advantages stand out:

Low thermal conductivity.
Fire resistance. This material not only does not ignite, but also does not allow the fire to spread.
Light weight, which makes it easier and faster to install.
Ensures the durability of the building.

Over time, the wool becomes caked, as a result, the integrity of the thermal insulation is violated.
Reliable waterproofing is required, as mineral wool absorbs moisture.

Basalt wool

I must say right away that this is the most suitable material for warming a frame building!

Basalt wool is made from molten rocks (basalt). It is used for sound and heat insulation of buildings, insulation of facades, roofs, ceilings and other structures.

Advantages of basalt wool:

good sound insulation and thermal insulation;
fire resistance;
strength;
vapor permeability (allows the walls to "breathe");
does not contain toxic substances;
prevents the formation of fungus and mold on the walls;
does not change its properties with temperature changes;
durability.

This material does not contain limestones and dolomites. That is why it is not attacked by rodents. Insulation fibers are located in a vertical and horizontal position, which is characterized by a high degree of rigidity. It does not accumulate moisture in itself, it has a water-repellent property.

However, this material also has its drawbacks. Well, where would we be without them! Cons of using basalt wool for warming a frame house:

High price.
Environmentally unsafe. In the process of making cotton wool, a phenol-based binder is used.

polyurethane foam

This is a synthetic insulation, consisting of polymer foam. Among the positive characteristics of polyurethane foam are:

Excellent adhesion to most surfaces (concrete, brick, metal, etc.).
Mounting tools are not required for installation.
Protects pipes from corrosion.
Does not lose its quality properties under the influence of acids, alkalis, etc.

Liquid polystyrene foam allows you to fill cracks, seams and other empty spaces where it is not possible to lay other insulation.

The material must be isolated from direct sunlight, under their influence destruction occurs. For this, a special coating is used.
Foam is used only on warm and dry surfaces.
The material is not combustible, but smolders under the influence of fire. Therefore, it cannot be used for boiler rooms and baths.

Eternal questions of choice!.. What to pay special attention to when choosing a heater?

Properly insulating a frame house for winter living makes it durable, strong and reliable. For a frame house, materials with:

Low thermal conductivity is the amount of heat passing through the material. The lower this indicator, the longer the heat is retained inside the room.
Fire safety - resistance to high temperatures. For frame houses, it is better to use a heater, with a flammability brand - NG.
Low water absorption - the amount of moisture transmitted. The lower this indicator, the better the quality. With high liquid absorption, thermal conductivity increases, the material freezes and loses its properties.
Do not shrink over time - the insulation must maintain its density. During shrinkage, gaps are formed through which cold air passes.
Environmental friendliness - should not cause harm to health and emit harmful substances.

So what kind of heater? better for a frame house?

A frame house is a wooden building, which, without insulation, is suitable only for seasonal (summer) living, otherwise, high-quality thermal insulation will be required. The vapor permeability of the material used must be higher than that of the wood from which the frame is made.

Most often, coniferous trees are chosen for frame buildings.

The best option for insulation for frame houses would be: basalt wool. As an extreme option - ecowool. And the least suitable - polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam and extruded polystyrene foam.

Your benefit when contacting me

I build myself - 100% quality guarantee

I do all the work personally, I have my own team

17 years of experience

At first I was engaged in roofing, but for more than 12 years I have been building frame houses

for 17 years there was only 1 warranty case (corrected within 2 days) You can safely search for reviews about me on the Internet by the name of the site or by Mikhail Stepanov

How is the insulation of the house

Thermal insulation of a frame house is an important and difficult stage of construction. You need to fill every millimeter of free space so that cold air does not enter through it.

Wall insulation from the outside

There are two ways to install the frame house insulation. In the first case, thermal insulation is installed during the construction process, in the second - on the completed building.

In the first case, we lay the thermal insulation in a checkerboard pattern between the frame components. This method helps to prevent cold bridges in the thermal insulation layer, and also saves free space both inside and outside the building.

If insulation was required after the commissioning of the house, then we put a layer of thermal insulation on the surface of the facade. For this, the material is suitable in plates, the thickness of which is about 5 cm.

How do I install insulation?

I do prep work first. I check the condition of the walls (if the house was already in operation), remove everything superfluous from the facade of the building (nails, screws, etc.). All cracks, irregularities are sealed with mounting foam. If there are damp areas on the facade, I dry them with a building hair dryer, and also eliminate the cause of these consequences.
When insulating a house during construction, I upholster the walls inside with chipboard. After I put a vapor barrier film.

Next, I put in the heater. Each subsequent layer must overlap the junction of the previous one. The total number of layers depends on the region and its climate.

After finishing work with the insulation, I put a windproof membrane on top and fasten it with a stapler.

I'm doing a crate. It serves as a ventilation opening between the membrane and the cladding.
I attach chipboard to the crate.
I do facade cladding.

The process of internal insulation:

I treat the walls with an antiseptic. This will prevent the growth of fungus and mold. I clean from dirt and dust, and also remove screws, screws, nails, etc.
Then I put a layer of insulation.
I fix the vapor barrier, which prevents steam from entering the insulation. Smooth side to the insulation, rough side out.
I upholster the walls with drywall or other material.
I do finishing work.

There are no serious requirements for the insulation of internal walls, a layer of waterproofing and vapor barrier is optional if it is mounted outside.

Foundation insulation

If the frame house is insulated, a mandatory foundation sheathing is required. This will prevent cold air from entering from below.

The process of insulation in the strip foundation

For insulation of the foundation, it is better to choose extruded polystyrene foam. It does not absorb moisture and performs a waterproofing function.

Work process:

I prepare the surface: I clean it from dirt, and I treat it with a primer.
I fix the insulation boards on the adhesive solution.
I apply another layer of adhesive solution, lay the reinforcing mesh, press it into the solution and level the surface.

I carry out decorative finishing of the basement.

Insulation on a pile foundation

To begin with, I build a wall that will close the space above the house. This design comes in two versions:

A self-supporting wall of brick, block or stone that stands on its own foundation.
The construction of a frame made of wood or a profile along the perimeter of the foundation.

For work, either extruded polystyrene foam or sprayed polyurethane foam is suitable.

The warming process is as follows:

I install waterproofing - it protects the insulation from moisture.
I construct a grid for the basement from wood or metal. For its construction, I build a crate with cells that should be smaller than a piece of insulation. This will provide greater tightness.
I put a heater on the frame - I press the insulation plates tightly against the frame. If joints are formed, I close them with foam. If the material is not moisture resistant, then I put an additional layer of waterproofing.

I carry out exterior finishing on insulation - for this I use siding, decorative PVC panels, stone, etc.

Basement insulation does not exclude floor insulation.

Ceiling insulation

I insulate the ceiling before installing the roof. Materials suitable for work: polystyrene foam, mineral wool.

Stages of work:

On the draft boards of the ceiling I stretch a vapor barrier film with zero permeability. The joints are overlapped by 10 cm, gluing with self-adhesive tape or tape.
I put in a heater. This is done in a checkerboard pattern, with an overlap at the junction. The last layer of thermal insulation should cover the beams.

Waterproofing.

When laying the insulation, I make a ledge on the walls.

If the attic is not insulated, then the membrane film does not need to be stretched. In this case, I nail boards or plywood to the floor of the attic.
To insulate the ceiling inside the room, you will need to tie it up so that the structure holds. After installing the insulation, I sew on waterproofing, and then - a board or plywood.

How to insulate a cold attic

Work is carried out on a wooden floor. For this:

I attach a vapor barrier to the surface of the false ceiling. It will protect not only the insulation itself from decay, but also the floor beams.
On the hemmed ceiling, between the beams, I lay the insulation.
From above I cover everything with waterproofing.
If there is no ventilated gap above the insulation, I stuff the spacer rails of the counter-lattice from above, and then I fix the attic floor boards.

Attic insulation

There are two ways to insulate the attic - laying thermal insulation on the roof or along the contour of the walls of the room. First, I put a waterproofing membrane. We fix it on the rafters, in front of the crate.

For the roofing roof, we provide a ventilated gap. It will prevent the accumulation of condensate, and moisture will be removed by air currents. Installation of insulation in the attic does not differ from the thermal insulation of the roof or walls.

How to insulate the roof

If the attic is used as a living space, it will need to be insulated. The process of work is similar to the thermal insulation of the ceiling. The only difference is the order of the layers.

I put waterproofing on top of the insulation on the roof, which protects against the adverse effects of the environment.

How to insulate the floor

Floor insulation depends on the material of the foundation. Most often I use pile-screw.

Installation of thermal insulation:

Under the floor logs I install a frame, which will be the basis for insulation.

If the house is high above the ground, I stretch the waterproofing membrane under the joists and attach it with a furniture stapler. I make the membrane on the walls so that it is as tight as possible, and cold air does not enter.
I install a board on top of the waterproofing, its size is not more than 40-50 cm. This is enough so that the insulation does not fail. It is better to fill the board tightly so that there are no gaps.

If you can’t crawl under the floor of the house, I install a board under the logs, and then I fix the waterproofing membrane.
When the base is ready, I lay the insulation. This is done between the lags and as tightly as possible.

The thickness of the insulation depends on the region where the house is being built, its average value is 15 cm.
On top of the insulation, on the logs, I fix the vapor barrier membrane. It will protect from moisture, and also prevents the penetration of cold air. The seams are sealed with double sided tape.

I attach plywood or boards to the vapor barrier membrane, which will be the basis for finishing the floor.

Each layer of insulation must overlap the joints of the previous one.

Features and nuances of insulation

For proper and reliable thermal insulation, it is necessary to consider:

In a frame house, it is necessary to insulate the foundation, basement, walls, interfloor ceilings, roof, floor.
For insulation of the foundation and basement, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam is suitable.
Insulation of walls, floors, roofs - mats made of basalt fiber or ecowool.
For the floor there are ready-made options - SIP panels. Otherwise, any other material will do.
The thickness of the frame house insulation for winter living should be 150 mm - for walls, 200 mm - for floors, interior partitions - 100 mm, interfloor - 200 mm, roof - 300 mm. These are not the final dimensions, the layer can always be increased or decreased.
For wall insulation, it is necessary to choose a material that has less vapor permeability than a load-bearing wall. This will enable the steam not to accumulate in the heat-insulating material, but to go outside.
With internal wall insulation, you should take care of the air exchange in the room. To do this, ventilation valves are mounted in plastic windows.
Before work, the walls must be treated with an antiseptic primer. This will prevent the formation of mold and mildew.

In order for the crate for decorative trim to be durable, I install frame racks more often. After fixing the waterproof membrane to the frame, I knock it out with spacer rails (thickness 25-30 cm). They will provide space for the runoff of trapped water.

The outer wall of the frame house is represented by layers: inner lining, vapor barrier, insulation, frame, superdiffusion membrane, counter-lattice, facade decoration.

Inner wall: inner cladding, vapor barrier, frame, insulation, membrane, counter-lattice, outer cladding, rough plaster, plaster mesh, plaster.

Frame houses are very popular. They are built not only for cottages and summer holidays, but also for permanent residence. Therefore, you need to know how to properly and reliably insulate a frame house for winter living. The insulation must be reliably protected from the negative effects of the environment, because moisture, freezing and thawing can spoil the material, respectively, the life of the building will be significantly reduced.

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