Crimean mosquitoes, apparently, were very enthusiastic about the beginning of the holiday season and the increased number of people who want to keep as little clothes as possible because of the heat. Complaints about the attack by flying detachments of the biter come from all over the Crimea.
Assorted bloodsuckers
The assortment of bloodsuckers on the peninsula is represented quite widely Photo: pixabay.com
Resort Nikolaevka in the Simferopol region, Sandy in Bakhchisarai, Saki region, the villages of the southern coast of Crimea - hordes of biting insects fly everywhere this year. Although, in fairness, blaming mosquitoes for everything is wrong. The assortment of bloodsuckers on the peninsula is quite wide.
In the coastal strip from Sevastopol to Yalta and further to Sudak they hunt people mosquitoes: small, elusive, bites which leave painful marks. These bloodsuckers are also found in some areas of Simferopol (Maryino, Ukrainka), in Bakhchisarai and Belogorsk regions.
These flying robbers prefer to wait out the daylight hours in secluded corners. Bathrooms and showers in the rooms of boarding houses and hotels for mosquitoes are just heaven on earth. Everything is at hand, more precisely, under the wing: both food and water necessary for reproduction (the smallest puddle that does not dry out for several days is enough).
Eastern Crimea - kingdom biting midges... These are another fairly large representatives of the local army of volatile and biting animals. The Arabat Spit, the coast of the Kerch Peninsula, the resorts of the Western Crimea, the western coast from Sak to the Black Sea - these are their favorite places. Nets, closed windows and doors do not save biting midges. Once they enter the room and find a sufficient amount of moisture, they will lay eggs even in pots with indoor plants.
In the forests of mountain Crimea, tourists feast on painful biting hollow mosquitoes... On some beaches, vacationers are pestered horseflies, and in the central regions of the peninsula is found bloodsucker fly.
This year, several reasons at once contributed to mosquito happiness. The first is a warm spring and an abundance of rain in May and early June, as a result of which there were more than enough damp places suitable for insects. The weather just could have contributed not to a prolonged, but a friendly release of bloodsuckers from pupae. The second - it is possible that there are fewer birds that are natural enemies of mosquito larvae, for this we must thank the changing ecological situation in the Crimea.
Another reason, the influence of which, however, is difficult to assess - the thrifty of the Crimean people. Owners of private households have made a substantial supply of water in barrels and tanks in case of dry summer, thereby creating ideal conditions for breeding bloodsuckers. In stagnant water, they lay eggs (by the way, females of different species reproduce from 20 to 300 eggs every two to three days), from which the larvae hatch.
Comment
Natalya Penkovskaya, head of the Interregional Department of Rospotrebnadzor for the Republic of Kazakhstan and the city of Sevastopol:
“Mosquitoes hatch in bodies of stagnant water. If in a private household they put barrels of water for irrigation, then mosquitoes will use them for reproduction in the same way as reservoirs.
On the territory of the Crimean Federal District, anti-mosquito treatment of those reservoirs where mosquitoes that carry the malaria pathogen multiply are mandatory. Such ponds, rates, lakes are certified. On the southern coast of Crimea, treatments were carried out and are being carried out. In addition, the sanitary and anti-epidemic commission under the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan gave recommendations and instructions to the heads of local administrations to carry out such treatments on their territory. But you need to understand: if, for example, a pond is privately owned, the municipality will not deal with it.
There is also such a method of fighting mosquitoes as settling in ponds, stakes, lakes with stagnant water of mosquito fish, which feeds on mosquito larvae.
Useful
Repels mosquitoes:
- fresh elderberry branches
- dried flowers, stems and leaves of Persian, Dalmatian or Caucasian chamomile
- oils of clove, anise, basil and eucalyptus
- finely chopped fresh basil leaves
- sagebrush
- valerian
- pine cone smoke
- camphor
- citrus
Relieve itching at the site of the bite
- onion juice
- lemon
- apple vinegar
- baking soda
- insects that live almost everywhere. The only exception is the territory of Antarctica, which is distinguished by its harsh climatic conditions. Bloodsuckers deliver especially great discomfort during outdoor recreation. They are often brought to the point of exhaustion. Therefore, before planning a vacation on the Crimean beach, it is necessary to clarify whether there are mosquitoes in Crimea.
Varieties of mosquitoes on the peninsula
On the territory of the peninsula, there are about 4 dozen blood-sucking mosquitoes. The most common are squeaks, and they are especially numerous in areas with swampy lowlands. The number of bloodsuckers is critical in June and July, when the air temperature warms up above 23 degrees. With the approach of cold weather, the number of bloodsuckers decreases.
On a note!
Anopheles mosquitoes can also be found in Crimea. There are especially many of them in the southern part of the peninsula. Going in search of a favorable place for laying eggs, females give preference to areas where there are streams, rivers or reservoirs.
The highest density of Anopheles was noted in the north of Crimea. These regions are distinguished by a variety of rice paddies, fish farms, water bodies and floodplain swamps. The most common Anopheles species there are An. messeae, An. claviger and An. Atroparvus.
Insect areas
In Yalta, Sevastopol and Pike perch, people are hunted, causing painful marks on a person. These bloodsuckers are also found in some areas of Simferopol. In the forests of the mountainous Crimea, the painful biting hollow mosquitoes "feast on" tourists.
Warm weather, abundant rains in early summer, which often result in the formation of damp places, as well as a decrease in the number of natural enemies of mosquito larvae (birds), contribute to the spread of blood-sucking insects.
However, there are also places where there are no mosquitoes in Crimea. They are practically absent in Evpatoria and in the Old Crimea.
“It was noticed that the boy begins to choke when he is in the clearing. At first they thought that I ran a lot, and it's just shortness of breath. But once the reaction was so strong that my mother was very scared. And during. Another such case, and it could be the last. There was a classic version of Quincke's edema and allergic laryngospasm, in which case an allergic laryngeal edema occurs. Death by suffocation can occur in minutes. Nobody is insured. Fortunately, this time nothing happened. The child was brought to us, we made an analysis, conducted research, prescribed treatment. "
The number of people suffering from various manifestations of allergies around the world, including in Russia, is growing every year, and there are many reasons for this. What are the features of this unpleasant and often life-threatening ailment in Crimea? What to do if you find yourself with symptoms, and is modern medicine capable of resisting the disease?
Allergist-immunologist, candidate of medical sciences talks about this and many other things especially for "Mostpress" Alexander Marsov (Sevastopol),as well as an expert of the Center for Molecular Diagnostics, head of the analytical planning department of the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor Elena Tivanova (Moscow).
"SURPRISES" OF THE CRIMEAN VACATIONS
It cannot be said that there are any special allergens in the soil and air in Sevastopol and Crimea. But there are problems specific to our region that are worth knowing about and for which it is better to prepare.
Allergic reactions of various forms and severity can be caused by some wild medicinal plants, which are very widely represented in our country, and, under certain conditions, dangerous plants for humans. Wormwood, cow parsnip, belladonna and a few more deserve attention. But the greatest danger is ragweed, because there is a lot of it, and it is found not only in the steppe regions of the Crimea, in the countryside and on the outskirts, but also in the city itself.
There are two peaks of its activity associated with flowering and the spread of dangerous pollen: in late spring - early summer, and the second peak, which few people know about except those who suffer from it - late summer, August and early September. There is quite a lot of it in the city, where there are uncultivated land along the roads. It can be found near the house. Many people often contact public utilities, provide addresses so that they can come there and mow ragweed. This is not always done promptly. This is really a big problem for us.
A rather serious problem is the reaction to the bites of our "Crimean" mosquitoes. These are ordinary southern mosquitoes, of which we have a lot in summer. In late spring - early summer, that is, together with the beginning of the expansion of ragweed, the number of mosquitoes is rapidly increasing and, accordingly, the number of people who, from their bites, not only have blisters on the skin, but also a necrosis zone forms in the center of such blisters. that is, part of the skin dies. Blisters, and there are usually several of them on the body, heal for a very long time - weeks. In this case, there is swelling of the extremities, even due to one bite. One of the solutions to get rid of this trouble is allergen-specific immunotherapy. And, if an allergy to mosquitoes is detected, you can carry out the necessary course even in winter. Another way is to use conventional repellents, that is, known agents containing insect repellent substances. An allergic process that has already begun can be interrupted with glucocorticoids, that is, light immunosuppressive therapy is needed.
In the apartments of many Sevastopol residents, especially in the houses of the old fund, of which there are quite a few, it grows in abundance on wet plaster. Every third patient, if the body is tested for antibodies to aspergillus, is infected with them. In the human body, they feel very good. Here begins the period of their heyday. Very long and hard then all this is treated. Many people have an unreasonable, as it seems to them, cough begins. And this is a very dangerous cough. This is not tuberculosis, although it does exist. But this is exactly Aspergillus. The organism, which has a strong immune system, has time to kill them. And who is weakened, he is highly susceptible.
According to my observations, in Sevastopol and in the Crimea in general, herpesvirus infection of various types is very common, and mainly in women. Different types of herpes infection have a "tendency" to different parts of the body: some prefer to be located on the lips, others, "encircling" along the costal arch, others, genital, also bring a lot of trouble, and so on. All these herpes, they are not at all harmless, as some people think. One of my patients, who decided to have a second pregnancy, had her first child with serious disabilities and soon died. At the same time, no other reasons, "guilty" for such an outcome, were observed in the woman's body. From her I learned that at the very beginning of pregnancy there was an episode of herpes rash. At first he manifested himself as a rash on the lips, then he switched to active replication. The problem is that herpes viruses prefer to settle in the cells of the immune system, making it weak, that is, secondary immunodeficiency occurs. And then a well-known process starts: since the body cannot defend itself by conventional means, it begins to use free allergic mechanisms.
The transmission of herpes from mother to child during childbirth can indeed lead to serious consequences. This woman came to me when she decided to try her luck again. We examined, and again found herpes - it is the signs of its presence in the body, and not a rash. Today there are quite effective tools that allow you to cope with this. But, before deciding on such a serious step as carrying a child, it is necessary to secure the situation and be treated in order to avoid possible dangerous, including fatal consequences for the child.
What else is typical for Crimea. In the summer, especially in the second half of it, an immunodeficiency state occurs, associated with the fact that people more and more go to the sea and sunbathe in the sun, excessive exposure to sunlight occurs, and as a result, T-immunodeficiency occurs. The body becomes defenseless, starts to get sick with infections or turns on allergic mechanisms. Therefore, this factor also acts as the cause of the autumn peak of exacerbation of allergic diseases.
Large industrial enterprises do not work in Sevastopol, but there are emissions from cars, and we have a lot of them recently, especially an incredible flow in summer. This is a powerful blow to a small town. As a result: salts of heavy metals are deposited everywhere, first in the soil, then in the sea, then inside a person. Once in the body, they suppress the immune system, cause chronic inflammation and, moreover, act on the cell genome, enhancing mutational processes. This is how, from different angles, the body's ability to control those incredible responses of the immune system, which appear in the form of allergies, is undermined.
Often the problem is that allergens do not come from outside, but they are formed in the body itself, and constantly. If the external ones can be eliminated, then with these everything is much more complicated. One of my patients came and complained: "I have a favorite mink coat, but I am allergic to mink." Do you understand? Not for fur in general, but for mink. Here the answer is unequivocal, although he will not like it: “You need to get rid of the fur coat. At the very least, hang it in the house in a room from which air masses filled with allergens cannot come into contact with you.
That is, everything is highly specific. But the problem is that this specificity of the allergic disease changes over time. That is, we eliminate one allergen, an allergy to other allergens appears. And this is an endless process. Allergic inflammation was created by nature as a means of additional protection of the body, that is, as a means of emergency response. And usually the body does not use it if it manages to defend itself with the help of cells specially existing for this. In the same cases, normal operation is disrupted. If our killer cells are weak, we get a progression of the allergic process.
And here, as with a toothache: sooner or later, most people have a moment of truth when they understand that there is no other way - they have to go to the doctor. And you can do it earlier, it is always easier to prevent than to cure, this is a common truth. When the problem is still small, it is easier to stop it. A preventive measure is the correction of the immune system. It is necessary to solve the problem of immunoregulation, the problem of the entry of foreign substances into the body in order for the normal mechanisms of the immune system to bind antigens earlier and block the possibility of a chain reaction of the development of various mixes of allergic reactions.
In some cases, you can protect and secure yourself to some extent on your own.
Campers outside the city should be careful and pay great attention to children: they are more often attracted by beautiful and bright flowers and their pleasant smell. Pollen, sap and even the entire plant - its stems, fruits and leaves can be dangerous, and the consequences of contact with them can be dire. I described one of the cases earlier.
Of course, you need to carry a special kit with you for such cases. It includes a pen with adrenaline for emergency intramuscular injections, which can be used in case of sudden, life-threatening allergic reactions to pollen or an insect bite, such as anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema. Many people in Europe carry such a pen-syringe with them, which contains 0.5 cube of adrenaline, sufficient for relief. The introduction of adrenaline relieves laryngobronchospasm and saves a person's life.
To include in such a set powerful antihistamines, for example, Suprastin in injections or tablets, other antiallergic drugs - tablets or syrups, such as Zodak, Allegra.
It is absolutely impossible to use any aerosols for asthmatics in such situations. Such drugs are taken solely as directed by a doctor, and there are very strict dosages.
If solving environmental problems is not an easy and not a quick matter, then we are quite capable of reducing, for example, the use of aggressive household chemicals. Many people, especially wealthy people, abuse household chemicals. They try to take expensive and beautiful bottles with exotic names. And, relatively speaking, to polish the upper part of the door, they use the contents of one bottle, the upper one - another. Enfilades of these bottles accumulate in the houses. Much, ideally everything, should be thrown away. And start using the old grandfather's tools more often: soda and laundry soap. No matter how wild it sounds, it is true, it is protection. We can also monitor the quality of our food, we can not abuse the sun. This is really very important.
Many disadvantages overlap with the advantages of sea bathing. It is difficult to overestimate the benefits of swimming in clear water and at a safe time - not at the peak of solar activity. Bromine and iodine at this time enter the human body enterally and through the skin, providing stimulation of the immune response, that is, helping to strengthen our health. But everything should be in moderation.
WANT TO KNOW MORE?
ABOUT TYPES OF ALLERGIC REACTIONS, TRENDS OF DISEASE DISEASE IN RUSSIA AND MODERN TREATMENT METHODS
Alexander Marsov - allergist-immunologist, candidate of medical sciences (Sevastopol)
The reason for the prevalence and increase in the number of allergic diseases today is complex. This is the deworming of the population, and the deterioration of the environment - the intensification of chemical and electromagnetic attacks on our organisms, and the peculiarities of the combination of certain climatic conditions with this very state of the environment, changing under the influence of man. Of course, this is the emergence of the possibility of conducting more accurate diagnostics - before, doctors simply did not see an immunoallergic basis in some processes.
Over the past ten years in Russia, the number of manifestations of allergies of various etiologies, according to statistics, has almost doubled. Today, 30-40% of patients are diagnosed with one or several allergic diseases. At the same time, the greatest concern of the medical community is caused by the high rates of growth in the incidence of diseases in children. This trend is observed all over the world.
40% is a real percentage, this is the stratum of the population that has a pronounced allergic disposition. But in principle, an allergy can be caused in any healthy person under certain conditions. After all, what is the point: these mechanisms, which are implemented in allergic reactions, are a powerful version of the immune response, which is not always used and only in the case when other methods of immune defense do not work.
The main allergic diseases include rhinitis, asthma, anaphylaxis, Quincke's edema, food and drug allergies, urticaria, eczema. Clinical variants of allergic diseases are often based on a combination of different types of allergic reactions from the very beginning or as they progress.
There are 5 types of allergic processes or reactions that are often combined with each other, and this also explains the complexity of the treatment of allergic conditions.
First type reaginic, when class E immunoglobulins (igE), the so-called reagins, come to the fore. The antibodies produced sit at one end on the surface of mast cells (immune cells of connective tissues in the body), and at the other end they bind specific allergens (antigens). The process of acute allergic inflammation is triggered: the mucous membrane swells, secretions are secreted, blood flow is disturbed, capillary permeability increases sharply and arterial blood flow increases, and so on. This is a classic immediate type allergic reaction. Rash, swelling of the skin, larynx, or bronchi may occur; the secretion of bronchial mucus increases, obstructive cough and an attack of bronchial asthma occur. Typical clinical examples of such a reaction are anaphylactic shock, false croup, vasomotor rhinitis, urticaria.
The second type is cytotoxicwhen cells attack infected cells in the body, such as liver cells infected with hepatitis B virus. That is, they do it perfectly legally, but as a result, they violate the structure of the organ, a significant part of the cells die, and liver failure occurs. This is one of many examples.
The third type is immunocomplex... What is the immune complex? This is when a normal antibody, which is formed in the body in response to the ingress of a foreign and dangerous substance into it, binds to this specific antigen-allergen, a conglomerate of these particles is formed, and they grow like a snowball. These immune complexes circulate in the blood or form in the walls of blood vessels. This is how hemorrhagic inflammation occurs, that is, inflammation with necrosis (tissue death in a living organism) of the skin. This type includes, for example, serum sickness, many arthritis, vasculitis (inflammation of blood vessels of an allergic nature), glomerulonephritis (kidney disease).
The fourth type is a cellular reaction, which is generally difficult to treat. In this case, with repeated contact of body cells with the antigen, slow inflammatory reactions occur due to the rapid growth of immune cells, which begin to damage tissues. This type underlies the development of viral and bacterial diseases such as allergic contact dermatitis, tuberculosis, syphilis, some forms of allergic bronchial asthma.
Fifth - stimulating type of hypersensitivity reaction: when blocking antibodies to receptors, hormones, biologically active substances are formed. In this case, the cells are not damaged, but an excessive activation of their functions occurs. This is how insulin deficiency and diabetes mellitus arise.
That is, you need to understand that allergy itself is a complex problem. Often it has hereditary roots, but even if the heredity is favorable - I will repeat the thought already said earlier: one should not forget that under certain conditions any healthy person can be made an allergic person, causing a full-fledged allergic reaction. In the same way, you can induce a reactive psychosis in him, and in the end he will become a really sick person.
Elena Tivanova - expert of the Center for Molecular Diagnostics, Head of the Analytical Planning Department of the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor (Moscow)
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| E. V. Tivanova |
Primary prevention of allergic diseases is difficult, since a full-fledged picture of the reasons for the appearance of the body's sensitivity to certain allergens has not yet been formed.
During the first contact with one or another allergen, the immune mechanisms are activated, accompanied by the production of specific substances - immunoglobulins (IgE), which bind to the cells of the immune system (mast cells) and begin to circulate with the blood in the human body. Upon repeated contact, the formed complex binds to the corresponding allergen, resulting in the death of mast cells, followed by the release of a large amount of biologically active substances - histamine, serotonin, leukotrienes, which, in turn, cause allergic reactions in the form of skin redness, lacrimation, sneezing, itching, edema, bronchospasm. Other diseases can have similar symptoms. The success of the treatment of allergic diseases mainly depends on the correct diagnosis and selection of an adequate course of therapy.
Laboratory tests can confirm or deny the presence of allergies: the familiar general blood test with a leukocyte formula, an alarm signal, the results of which are an increase in the number of basophils and eosinophils, as well as an analysis of the concentration of total IgE. Nevertheless, this information is often insufficient for making a diagnosis, since increased values \u200b\u200bof these indicators may indicate other pathologies, including helminthic invasion. Moreover, in 30% of patients suffering from manifestations of allergies, the level of total IgE fluctuates within the normal range. Therefore, the doctor may prescribe additional tests: skin tests or a blood test for specific IgE.
A blood test for specific IgE is safer, especially in childhood, and is also highly informative and reliable. Skin tests, despite their simplicity and availability, have a number of disadvantages, such as: the subjectivity of assessing the result, the possibility of performing only during remission, the risk of developing severe allergic reactions (bronchospasm, Quincke's edema and anaphylactic shock), the need to discontinue anti-allergy drugs.
As a rule, they are carried out by the methods of prick testing (prick) or scarification test (scratches). The difference between these methods is not very significant, but the first method is considered to be safer. A maximum of 15 samples can be supplied at a time.
When carrying out a prick test using a special prick-lancet, an injection of a standardized depth (1.0 - 1.5 mm) is made through a drop of the allergen and a control liquid. The results in the form of no skin changes, hyperemia (the appearance of an area of \u200b\u200bredness due to overflow of blood vessels of the circulatory system - from the editor) or papules can be assessed within 15-20 minutes. When carrying out scarification tests, a histamine solution, a control liquid and an allergen are dropped onto the forearm treated with a 70% alcohol solution, through which parallel scratches (4 - 5 mm) are applied. The results are taken into account after 10 - 20 minutes.
The size of hyperemia and papules indicates the severity of an allergic reaction. However, scarification tests often give false positive results. In the case of a blood test, the following rating scale is used:
- absent immune response -<0.35 (аллергии на конкретное вещество нет);
- ambiguous immune response, often without clinical manifestations - 0.35 - 0.69 (contact with the allergen should be avoided if possible);
- weakly positive - 0.70 - 3.45 (contact with the allergen must be excluded);
- positive, with severe clinical manifestations -\u003e 3.50 (any contact with the allergen must be completely excluded). With the help of this analysis, it is possible to determine the effectiveness of the therapy performed.
When are tests prescribed?
- the patient has the above symptoms of an unclear origin (lacrimation, sneezing, skin rash, etc.);
- therapy of chronic bronchitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis does not give a positive result;
- there is a hereditary predisposition;
- it is necessary to determine the effectiveness of the therapy.
The World Allergy Organization (WAO) identifies three main ways to combat the disease: pharmacotherapy, immunotherapy and elimination of allergens. Today, pharmacotherapy plays a key role in the treatment of allergy manifestations, allowing you to control the clinical manifestations of the disease and improve the patient's quality of life. After the diagnosis, the allergist selects the optimal treatment regimen for the patient and regularly monitors the results.
Allergen-specific immunotherapy, which is the only method of treating allergic diseases, which affects all components of the allergic process, is gaining great popularity in modern medicine. The standard of ASIT is considered to be subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), which has a prolonged clinical effect and contributes to the disruption of the natural course of allergy development through the introduction of appropriate allergens with a gradual increase in doses. This type of therapy can prevent, for example, the development of asthma in patients with a history of allergic rhinitis. During SCIT, the allergist prescribes subcutaneous injections according to the scheme according to the required therapy.
As a rule, in 80-90% of cases, an improvement in the clinical picture is achieved, followed by a weakening of the effect of the allergen on the human body. An alternative to SCIT is sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), which implies the introduction of an allergen in the form of drops under the tongue. After carrying out an allergological study and making an accurate diagnosis, the patient is given a ready allergen or an appropriate mixture of drops is prepared. On the territory of the Russian Federation, only the first option is still practiced - the issuance of a ready-made allergen. Sublingual immunotherapy is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a possible alternative to injection. The algorithms of action of PKIT and SLIT are similar.
It is important to understand that ASIT is preceded by another diagnostic stage - the determination of specific IgE to various components of the allergen, the so-called molecular allergy diagnosis. Allergy to the main component is an indication for ASIT. Only in this case will the therapy be successful.
In contact with
If there are mosquitoes in Crimea, you need to find out even before you go on vacation. If they exist, you need to think about protection in advance. Small blood-sucking insects are ubiquitous, found in the Crimea. However, in some regions of the peninsula, there are still no pests.
Varieties
The most common are squeaky or ordinary mosquitoes, but there are 40 species in total on the territory of the peninsula. Among them there are, which practically do not differ from squeaks.
Their greatest number is observed in June, when the air temperature is stably kept within +23 degrees Celsius. In July, numbers decrease as temperatures rise.
On a note!
Under conditions above +28 degrees Celsius, insects live only near wetlands, where there is high humidity. Otherwise, it just dries up on the fly. The least pests are on the Crimean beach, where a light breeze blows.
The mosquito family disappears completely with the onset of persistent cold weather - below +10 degrees Celsius. Fertilized females hide in the crevices of wooden buildings, under the bark, in the hollows of trees, forest, marsh litter. hibernate in water in the pupal stage. In the spring, at +12 degrees Celsius, insects wake up and continue to develop.
Habitat
Most of the bloodsuckers are in wetlands, forests, fish farms, in rice fields. In such conditions, females lay eggs 150 pieces at a time, repeating clutching every 2 days. There are a lot of pests in Yalta, Sudak, Sevastopol. A little less in Simferopol, a mountainous area.
COUNTED 100 BITS
In the Crimea, at the height of summer, an infestation of mosquitoes is observed. Bloodsuckers overwhelm people not only at night, but even during the day in the terrible heat, which is unnatural for these insects.
I rested in Feodosia, rented a house for a week, but returned home to Simferopol three days later - living there is simply unbearable, mosquitoes were bitten from head to toe, ”a resident of the Crimean capital Daria Markina complained to us. - For several days I could not sleep from a terrible itching, huge traces appeared, which began to pass only a week later.
And such complaints are not isolated.
I love Koktebel, but this summer something strange is happening there, - says a resident of Moscow Olesya. - You can't lie down on the beach in a swimsuit in the evening, mosquitoes attack in flocks. After resting on the body, I counted more than 50 bites, and my friend - about a hundred.
Vacationers in Gurzuf, as well as residents of the Nizhnegorsky and Krasnoperekopsky districts also complain about the mosquito invasion.
In the evening, it's scary to go out into the garden, there are a lot of mosquitoes, and no repelling sprays can save you, it feels like insects are already used to them, '' complained Nikolai, a resident of the village of Nizhnegorsky.
Another no less pleasant phenomenon that vacationers noticed are hundreds of ladybirds flying on the beach in the village of Novofedorovka, Saki region, in Kach near Sevastopol and on Tarkhankut.
It's impossible to lie on the beach, dozens of cows sit on you, I understand that they don't bite, but it's still unpleasant, and what's even worse, there is some kind of small biting midges in the sand, '' a resident of Krasnodar, Evgenia Zubova, told us. - The only salvation from them is to be in the water all the time.
"TAKE ANOTHER 2-3 WEEKS"
Scientists say that insect infestations are not an anomaly, but a common occurrence that repeats from time to time. In one year, due to different seasonal characteristics, there are more of them, in another - less.
In Crimea, there are more than 50 species of mosquitoes, I assume that some have bred due to the fact that in May and June we had heavy rains, - told "KP" professor of the Department of Ecology and Zoology of the Crimean Federal University. Vernadsky Sergei Ivanov.- In the small ponds, which dried up last year, and the larvae of the mosquitoes were supposed to die, moisture appeared, so the mosquitoes healed. Most of the mosquitoes are in the region of Karadag and Feodosia. But because of the intense heat, the "puddles" should soon dry out soon, and there will be much less bloodsucking.
As for the ladybirds, they should disappear from the beaches within 2-3 weeks. This year there are a lot of them due to the fact that aphids, which they feed on, have proliferated.
Ladybugs constantly fly in search of new habitats for aphids, says Sergey Petrovich. - They are not very good flyers, usually, having flown a kilometer, they fall, often in the sea. They were washed ashore in waves. Therefore, there are many of them now on the beaches. But they are harmless.
IN Rospotrebnadzor the invasion of insects is also not considered abnormal and they say that the local authorities are responsible for cleaning the territory.
Compulsory anti-mosquito treatment is subject to certified reservoirs where mosquitoes are breeding, - says chief State Sanitary Doctor for the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol Natalya Penkovskaya. - Mosquito fish are launched into the reservoir, which feed on insect larvae. Such events are being actively carried out on the South Coast.
By the way, mosquitoes can breed in the private sector if there are barrels of water in the yards for watering plants and trees.
WHAT TO SAVE
If the sprays do not help, experts advise using the means at hand:
Apply regular ice to the bite site, which acts as a "local anesthetic".
Soda lotions help well: make a solution of soda (1-2 teaspoons per glass of water), apply to a bandage or gauze and apply to the bite site or simply lubricate the affected areas with it.
A weak vinegar solution will help relieve obsessive itching from midge bites: dilute 9% vinegar with water in a ratio of one to three and wipe the bites with it.
Soothes the skin and relieves itching with kefir or sour cream.
An excellent remedy for mosquito and midge bites is tea tree oil, which helps to cope with swelling and itching.
Tea bags can also help clear up bite swelling.