Now you are not limited to the width of your milling template.
Fixture for milling open connections "Lastochka Tail" is usually used to work with a width of no more than 305 mm wide. But this does not mean that you cannot make such connections on the shields of any width. Just free the pattern-comb from the base that limits the width of the blanks, and secure directly on the shield. This is how it is done.
Setting
You will need two mills at once: one for the cowle cutter "Swallow tail" and one for a straight cutter that generates spikes. This allows you to do without replacing cutters and depth settings. Still prepare a couple of trial blanks, the width and thickness of which exactly corresponds to the details of your project. You need to make "swallow tails" on one board (blackboard with "tails") and spikes - on another (spiked board).
Remove the combing pattern from the device and free it from all the stops and brackets. Make from cropping two slots 76 mm wide along the length of the template. Their thickness should be such that they can be 13 mm into cuts on both edges of the template. Attach one spacer for screws to the bottom side of the template, and set aside another. Swipe the basic line on the inside of the board with "tails". To do this, put the board with spikes on the end, aligning it with the end and the edges of the board with "tails". Marking knife Mark the thickness of the blackboard with spikes on the chalkboard with "tails".
Clamps secure trial blanks on opposite sides of the spacer, placing them with internal parties to the outside and tightly pressed to the underside (Photo a).Turn this assembly template up, install the second spacer between the workpieces, and then fix it all in vice or on the front side of the workbench so that the board with "tails" has been addressed to you (Photo B).
The edge of the boards with "tails" should be located exactly in the center of the cutout. Use the salt to level the edges of both billets so that they match the finished connection.
Attach the workpiece with the template to the thick bruster fixed by the clamps on the workbench. The sandpaper on the front face of the bar prevents the displacement of the parts.
Now let's mark the sections of the material that you are going to remove. For thickening connections with a variable step (such as in the project "bed stalls") do not cut the cutter through all comb cuts. For example, for the walls of a variety of 400 mm wide, we marked the first two cuts, then they missed one and put the label under the fourth cut (Photo C).After skipping two more cutouts, marked the seventh, then they missed three and marked the eleventh cutout.
Finally, adjust on each milling milling cutters by 0.5-0.8 mm below the base line marked on the gloss with "tails" (Photo C).
Make a removable material between "tails". Then adjust the departure of both cutters so that the spikes and "tails" spoke slightly above the shield surface. Collect them flush after assembly.
Select mills only in comb cuts, located above the marks. Frewell does not rush to reduce chips, but not too slowly so that nozzles do not appear.
Form the connection
First, the tail "Tails" (PhotoD.). Then take another milling mill and make a straight milling passage in each cutting ridges for spikes. It is necessary to work carefully, since when milling spikes it is especially important that the sole of the milling is tightly adjacent to the template. The slope of the cutter leads to irregularities at the edges of the spikes.
Loosen the top clamps and move the template so that the formed spikes are located in the middle of the cuts (Photo E).(Perhaps, for this, you will have to apply the Cyanka to a slightly tapping it on the spacer.) Mark all the spikes located opposite the "tailings". Tighten the clamps again and make sure that the blanks are tightly pressed against the template, and their edges are aligned. Then remove the milling flares. Depending on the template used, a small burr can remain on the workpiece in the form of a thin shavings, which can be broken, and you can again move the ridge again to clean the cutter between the remaining spikes.
Mark removable spikes, putting crossings on those located opposite "tails". Leave only the spikes located opposite the faces.
Lifting the template and fixing the workpiece again, mark the remaining "tails".
After stripping thorns again, loosen the top clamp and move the template so that the untouched edge of the boards with the "tails" was in the middle of the cutting (PhotoF.). Put the labels to complete the formation of "tailings". (Only one eyelet remains on our shields.) Then repeat the entire process to make the connection completely.
Now - accurate fit
Try to assemble the connection. Light assembly and perfect density can be achieved by moving the pattern-comb forward or back relative to the spacer. If the connection is too dense, slide the template towards the "tailings". If too free, slide it towards spikes. Dispise the edges of your trial blanks and make the following attempt until you achieve the optimal result.
When it is possible to safely connect trial blanks, knock off the connections on the details of the project. Remember that at each end of the comb, the opposite corners of the box are processed. When the board with "tails" is drawn to you, the connections for the front left and rear right angles must begin from the left end of the template. Connections for the front right and rear left corners are made at the right end of the template. Then the "tails" will be located on the front and rear walls of the lady. Before proceeding with the milling of the project details, temporarily secure them with clamps and mark each item and every angle so as not to confuse.
Connections "Lastochka Tail" in the lock can be performed in various ways. Some craftsmen attract the decorative pattern of a repeating pattern. Performing all varieties of "swallow tail" - the most interesting task for any woodworking
Through connection Swallow tail
The cross-cutting "swallow tail" is a traditional connection to articate the ends of the array of the array. It is widespread in the designs of the boxes and the manufacture of furniture. Electric milling machines and special devices are used for machine manufacture of such compounds.
Marking Shipov
Install the cutting of the woods on the thickness of the wood.
Follow the line of coschchchchchi for spikes ("tailings") around the end of the detail with spikes on all its faces and on the sides of the part with the sockets. Where risks from the flight can continue to spoil the appearance of the finished product, use the sharp pencil and the coal.
Then mark the sockets (or partitions between them). The size and quantity can be different, depending on the width of the boards and the type of wood (for soft varieties, larger and less frequently located spikes are required than for solid rocks). The appearance of the complete compound may be no less diverse. Approximately to give a product of a good appearance of spikes must be one size and are evenly located, but wider partitions between the nests.
Start with the pencil line across the end of the workpiece at a distance of 6 mm from each edge, then divide and mark the distance between them to the even number of equal parts. Set aside 3 mm on each side of the marks and swipe across the end.
Follow the bias of spikes on the front side with a little small or stencil for the "swallow tail". Mark surplus to avoid confusion in the future.
Cutout Shipov
Install the workpiece so that one side of each spike is directed vertically. With the help of award, drink one of the side vertical faces of each spike. Stay closer to the markup line from the movement side and take care not to keep on the lines of the caschers.
Reinstalling the workpiece in the vice, cut out other side faces of spikes. Install the item in the vice horizontally and cut the side waste along the cushion line. The main speck of wood between spikes Remove the openwork saw.
The residue cutches the chisel or chisel with the oblique cutting edge, working on both sides to the middle to the plug line.
Marking Nest
Stodit the end of the prepared workpiece and install it vertically in vice. Put the item with cut-off spikes by checking, checking the conformity of the front sides of the compound parts. Gently align the edges and line of thorns of spikes on the end, covered with chalk, and mark the shape of the spikes using a tint or knife, then continue the lines to the casters on each side of the workpiece with the sockets. Pencil marry surplus.
Cut out the nests
Install the workpiece vertically in vice. SUPPLITE TO THE LINE OF PURCHERS at the angles marked by spike. Make the cut in the waste part so that it slightly touch the markup line. The main part of the waste between the partitions of the nests remove the openwork saw, the residue smolder to the line of the muffins or chisel with the beveled cutting edge. Work on both sides to the center. Corners clean it, holding a cutter under the dust of the inner edges of the nests.
Build connection
Swallow connections The tail is made very accurately and must be fully gathered only once. To check the fittings, collect the product in parts dry (without glue) and gently cut down the excess in too tight places. Suffer the inner sides of the details before gluing.
Apply glue on both half of the compound and with a hammer and wooden trimming to protect the surface of the product tightly connect the parts. If you work with a wide connection, catch the entire width to smoothly connect the items. Remove excess glue before it freezes. When glue dries, clean the product by Fugansky, working from the edges to the middle, so as not to split the end layers.
Corners in a swallow tail
The corner of the palm tree tail should not be too cool, nor too slop. Too large bias of the palm tree tail forms a weak short fiber on the corners, while an insufficient bias can reduce the strength of the connection bundle. On a wooden trim, make the skew markup and set the Malca solution on it or use the stencil or template. For solid rocks, the slope must be 1/8, and for soft wood it should be done equal to 1/6.
Decorative end-to-end connection Swallow tail
Elegant and neatly completed through connections are pleased with the eyes and are often used in furniture structures. Decorative options are used to emphasize this property and demonstrate the art of the wizard.
The design of the compound corresponds to the basic principles of the proportion and disproportion of the connection elements. In the example here, the example uses thinner than ordinary, partitions.
Marking Shipov
On the entire perimeter of the end of the billet with spikes, apply a pencil or very easy to reysmus the line of markup of the muffins.
Continue lines on the end and mark surplus.
Cutout Shipov
Choose the waste as well as in conventional through connections with a swallow tail, with the help of a nipsene and openwork saw. Scroll to make chisels or chisel with an oblique cutting edge, working with the ends to the middle.
Marking Nest
Sutitate with chalk end items with sockets. A solution of cutting reysmaus equal to the length (height) of small spikes, mark the thickness of small partitions on the end between the nests. Partitions Place the parts with spikes using the tip of the saw or the flank. Continue lines to the camp line on each side and mark the surplus.
Cut out the nests
Remove the main mass of the award of awards (nipsens) and openwork saw and firing the muffins or chisels. To cut small partitions in size, press the workpiece on a flat board to the workbench or desktop.
Make propyl across the fibers next to the looping line. Follow the ends of the spikes. Carefully cut over, working along the fibers. Then repeat the operation and stop on the plug markup line (reysmus) and thickness lines. Apply glue and assemble the connection, as well as the usual pass-through castle of the swallow tail.
Cell-cutting sowing tail with a bevel
Sometimes the through-castle "Swallow Tail" is combined with a corner connection with the beams so that you can perform on the edge of the chamfer with a figured profile.
The depth of the mounted part depends on the chamfer profile.
Marking Shipov
Raysmus stamp the camping line on both sides and the bottom edge of the spiked items. Apply the bevel line on the upper edge. Memore from the top of the end the depth needed for the chamfer. Follow the line on the line across the end and around the casual line. Make a pencil a weak mark of 6 mm from the first mark, as well as 6 mm above the bottom edge. Distribute the required number of spikes between these marks. Mark surplus.
Cutout Shipov
Sailing the sides of the spikes and on the stage of the chamfer depth and remove the waste from the openwork saw. Conduct to turn first1 by the chisel or bit with a beveled cutting edge. While leave surplus on the moc.
Marking Nest
Apply a light line of coschchchch with a light line on both sides of the part with the nests. Mark the bevel line on the upper edge. Sut the chalk end and on the billet with spikes, mark the nests (partitions) and the deposit of the beam. Apply the line of spikes to the end and on the sides to the line of cloaks, and to the bevel waste line - only on the inside. Mark surplus.
Through connection with a fold in the castle Lastochka Tail
Making a box with a junction of a swallow tail, having the bottom inserted into the fold (sample) along the lower edge of the walls, requires a certain modification of this corner connection to avoid the slots in the lower corners. This is achieved by offsetting the position of the Plipper Plug, which closes this gap.
Marking Shipov
Reyzymus, apply the line of marking of the muffins on the side sides and across the upper edge. Also Reims will read the folding line of the fold along the inner edge, across the end and on the front side to the punch line. Follow the inner side of the part with the jacks at the same time setting.
Reinstall, if required, reysmus and mark the width of the fold on the edges of both parts of the connection. Make one pencil mark on the billet with spikes in 6 mm below the planned depth of the fold, and the other is 6 mm from the opposite edge. Between these marks, mark the position of the spikes. Follow the line across the edge with the estimated fabric on the details with spikes so that it corresponds to false on the details with the nests, and mark the waste.
Marking Nest
Reyzymus fuel the campchinch line on both sides of the part with the nests. Sutitate with a chalk end and mark the sockets in the detail with spikes using the drain or the sharp pencil. Mark surplus.
Connection "Swallow Tail" with a bevel
The design of such a "swallow tail" is completely hidden by a spoke and is often called a connection to the lock with a secret swallow tail or a secret lock. This compound is used in thin operation and requires a neat and sturring execution. Connected parts must be one thickness and cut down in length. The spikes can be marked only on the sockets, which are cut first. Marking and cutting grooves Install the cutting over the cutting of the workpiece and mark the camp line across the inside, working from the end.
Using a marking knife and low-speed SCOS on each edge between the flight line and the outer angle. Install the flight to the width of the adhesion and mark the fold.
Place the end from the outside, and the depth line of the fold from the end. Spilitate overhead and fill the surface with a cloak of the plane. Start the markup of the sockets from the lines of the line (parallel to each edge) from the camp line to the adhesive. Distance should not exceed 6 mm from the edge.
Make the width and position of the nests on the end between the ranks drawn by the lines. Make a cardboard stencil for swallow tail and press it to the side of the allen, so that it does not come down from the right position. Continue the markup to the plug line and mark the surplus or the chisel.
Saw at the same time it can crash a little into the backstage. Dispise the surplus of the bevel. Install the workpiece vertically and cut the chisel or bit the bulk of the deposit from the deposit.
Conduct the SCOS with the placker. Use the focus with the bevel to facilitate the right reference direction.
Marking and cutting
Follow the recommendations on the execution of the part with the sockets before cutting the fold inclusive. Put the detail with spikes on the workbench inside up. Put the part with the sockets vertically so that its inner side is to flush with the line of rates of flight markup. Chertilic marching the nests (partition). Continue lines on the end and mark surplus.
Spire surplus. Then send the stons of the spikes and cut off the waste between the spikes and between the extreme spikes and the bevels of the bevel. In conclusion, do trinity and stripped the squeaks of the allen, like the parts with the nests. Test an assembly before gluing.
Inclined connection in the castle Lastochkin Tail
This connection is used to make rigid connections. This is a difficult task, since it is difficult to imagine, it is difficult to place, and all the edges of the parts are arranged at an angle, which requires careful cutting. Billets should be the same thickness and bundled in length and width. It is necessary to make a drawing in the projections to calculate the size of the billets before the compound markup.
Performing drawing
Start with the side projection of the frame connection in the finished form. Indicate the thickness of the wood, and the dotted line is the initial dimensions of the workpiece. Vertical projection (plan) Distribute under the side. Then design the side view on the horizontal plane.
Marking and cutting ends
Cut the blanks in length and width, as shown by dotted lines on the side projection. Install the little low to the angle of inclination. Selapse this angle on the inside, operating from the corner of the connection. Screw the ends on this corner of the tilt. Set the second little on the corner of the U. Seam it on the edges, measuring from the outside.
Connect the marks on the edge to form a guide line for the inclination of the edge. In fact, the tilt should be checked perpendicular to the edges during the planing, so that the true angle of inclination is. By setting the workpiece into vice so that the end is in a horizontal position, carefully plasten the end-bracket on each billet.
Marking and cutting connection elements
Seam the spikes on the front side of the spiked items. First, measure the thickness of the material on both sides of both billets, measuring the size of beveled ends. Connect lines on each edge of the spiked part. Male applied to the end corner of X, mark the line from the inner lower angle along the edge of the spiked part.
Make a 6 mm mark below the upper edge and 6 mm above the bottom. Calculate and place the shape and position of spikes between these marks. Then, applying a cardboard stencil to the kitchen, mark the spikes on the outside.
Follow the slips of the spikes on the inclined end of the spiked details. Use the Mallet installed at the angle of H. Male's block hold so that it is located in a parallel plane towards the end. Taking advantage of the coal and cardboard stencil for the palm tree tail, sear the spikes on the inside. Mark surplus. Carefully cut the spikes in accurate according to the placed angles. Place the workpiece in the vice at the same angle to cut vertically.
Through the cut-cut spikes, make the end of the part with the sockets. Take the end to chalk so that the lines from the drain were visible more clearly. Put the detail with spikes on the end so that the edges of the internal cushions are coincided, and forth around spikes. With the help of a little small, apply parallel lines from each spike to the casher line. Mark surplus, then the saw and chisel or chisel carefully remove it according to the markup.
You can shoot the slope on the long edges as before and after gluing. In both cases, it is used to check the Malka put on the angle of X. The inclined side when gluing can create difficulties. If when assembling, get the connection with the hammer to fit the elements by places, use the wooden cut as a gasket for preventing parts from damage.
Dovetail's joinery has created many centuries ago before the appearance of reliable adhesives and affordable fasteners. This traditional way of connecting two wooden parts is in demand today. It is used in drawers and in the manufacture of furniture. We will discuss in detail about all the peculiarities of this joinery, the intricacies of its design and methods of creating manually and mechanized methods.
Swallow tail is not only aesthetics
It is common that today, in the era of the available high-quality glue and cheap fasteners, the use of a swallow tail is more aesthetic whim. This judgment is true only in part. Undoubtedly, all sorts of options for this thickening connection are very expressive, testify to the workshop of the joiner and are able to decorate any project. But the lobby tail in addition to beauty possesses important functional advantages.
The connection is well resisting natural deformations of wood, not losing structural integrity. Thanks to this quality it is advisable to use in large details, especially in the products of the array in the manufacture of furniture and drawers.
Using a swallow tail, you can choose the optimal strength of the connection: it affects the total number of spikes and an angle of inclination of the eye. Another feature that increases mechanical strength is a large gluing area.
Anatomy of swallow tail
The connection consists of two parts. At the end of one of them, wide trapezoidal "swallow tails" are cut, on the other - narrow response spikes. The spike on the edge is called half or one-sided due to the presence of one bevel instead of two.
What should I consider when designing a connection?
When designing a swallow tail, a number of moments are taken into account that will affect both its strength and appearance.
The distance between the spikes and their size determine the strength of the connection.
At equal intervals (1: 1 ratio), the mechanical strength is highest. But such configuration is rarely used. Since due to more elements, the manufacture of the details takes the appropriate time. The likelihood to make mistakes that will cause a delicate fit, also higher. Typically use the 2: 1 or 3: 1 ratio. In these cases, the strength of the compound remains as high.
With the articulation of broad details on the edges make additional spikes with small intervals. Such a solution helps to effectively deal with wood warming.
This is an important parameter defining the mechanical characteristics of the connection. With too small coal, the lock will not lock and fasten to turn into a normal spike connection. If the angle is too big, when assembling the narrowed part of the "swallow tail" can split and spits will disappear.
For wood soft rocks, the angle of "swallow tail" is made sharper, as it is more subjected to crumpled and deformations under the influence of loads. The optimal ratio of 1: 6. For solid rock wood, the angle is less steep - 1: 8.
The design principle of the form of a "swallow tail" is displayed in the drawing.
How to make accurate marking?
In the manufacture of a swallow tail with its own hands, the accuracy of the markup has a priority value. It is traditionally used by the Malka and the Galnik for its application.
A more practical and convenient device for these purposes is a special template. Such markups are with different angles, and are calculated for soft or solid wood.
Making a swallow tail with their own hands
To make a swallow tail manually need the next set of tools:
INSTRUMENTS
- marking flights;
- malka or special markup;
- carbon carbon;
- handling saw;
- carpentry chisel and kiyanka;
- marking knife or pencil.
Dipping the connection starts with the preparation of the spikes. This is important, as it will be used to apply "swallow tails" markup. In order not to get confused in orientation, there are temporary marking on the details, noting the front and rear side, the upper and lower edges.
Place the reysmaus line of the coschchchch on all four faces. Deciding with the number of spikes, with the help of a special template we apply the markup first on the end, and then on the part of the part. For the convenience of subsequent work, we celebrate the sections that will be deleted.
The same procedure can be performed with the help of small and carbon monoxide.
We make smooth feeding squeezes to the line of cloaks marked by a flight. We hold onto the canvas strictly perpendicular to the end; sawing uniform movements without jerks. So that the saw did not lead to the side as an improvised guide, you can use a small carbonated kit.
The waste between spikes can be removed in two ways:
First - with the help of jigsaw. In this case, the main part of the waste is removed, and small residues are neatly cut and cleaned with a chisel.
Select the waste is not much more complicated using one chisel. Fixing the detail on the workbench, we will remove the wood as shown in the diagram.
- Marking "Swallow Tails"
Detail with spikes We use as a template for the markup of "swallow tails". The cover of the first part with the line of cloaks, we apply the markup of "swallow tails" as shown in the photo. For the convenience of shadowing the waste section.
- Drinking "Swallow Tails"
Guide saws make ropes. The workpiece clamp in the vice at an angle, so that the markup lines are not under the tilt, and vertical. This will improve the convenience of work and allow you to make it more accurate.
I propyl do not strictly along the markup line, and next to it, so as to create a small supply for the subsequent trimming of the connection. Drink smoothly, without jerks, stop on the plug line.
Having done all the propelles, I clean the waste between "swallow tails". This process is similar to stripping spikes, except that the master is worth the task carefully and smoothly cut off the allowed.
Drink the shoulders. We cut off the waste with a slight point, then cut it with a chisel to the markup line.
- Dry assembly and fitting connections
Before gluing, the dry assembly is carried out to check the density of the fit. Insert the detail with spikes in the swallow tails and carefully be bored with a pile. To avoid breakdowns of spikes and tails, close the connection of the cutting area, which will dispense off.
Spikes and tails should fit tightly to each other. In the correct connection for the assembly of a fairly light tapping of the Cyan. If the connection is too dense, the parts are disassembled, they define the problem thickening and a very neatly trimmed with a chisel.
The glue is applied by a thin layer on all the contact surfaces of both parts of the drawing connection. The collected design is tightened. For the pressure distribution over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe connection under the sponge of the clamps, wooden blocks are put.
Details of drawers are always made in several copies. You can optimize the workflow, collecting the blanks in a pack, and cut the entire series at once.
How to make a swallow tail mill
For mass production of parts with such a lock, it is advisable to use mechanized methods. The most optimal option in this case is the use of special templates in which one side is intended for milling "swallow tails", the second - to create spikes.
Templates for swallow tail involve two different cutters. The first is a conical milling cutter for cutting the trapezoidal "swallow tails". The second is a straight cutter on wood to create spikes.
The detail with the "tails" is positioned in such a way that its edge is located strictly in the center of the slot. The second part (with spikes) is setting the flush on the reverse side. For an accurate fit of two billets, we use a joiner's carbon.
The assembled design is fixed in a horizontal position by clamping or in vice.
- Milling of "Swallow Tails"
For convenience, the pencil is celebrated by a waste part. We establish the desired departure of the conical cutter and cut the gaps between the swallow tails.
On the appropriate side of the template, the straight mill cut out the spikes along the entire length of the part.
Cutting unnecessary spikes. We release clamps and shift the pattern so that each spike is in the center of the slot.
We note the extra elements and cut them with a mill.
It is believed that the castle "in the lobby tail" has sea roots, the tail of vessels with a wooden case was performed in the lobby tail. Such a compound turned out to be the most resistant to the wetting of wood and multidirectional loads caused by the excitement of the sea. The main advantage of the technology has become a reliable docking of wooden parts without the use of additional fasteners, the reliability of the attachment provides the lock of the original trapezoid form. As part of the tool of ship carpenters had a special saw with the name "Lastochkin Tail".
Traditionally, in Russia, the crowns of the cut were laid "in the bowl", such a clutch was cut off with an ax. With the advent of a good joinery tool, the log house began to lay "in the paw", the connection had a rectangular spike. The further improvement of this castle was the use of a schip "Lastochkin Tail" with a trapezoid profile.
The lobby technology tail for fastening the bar has become the main in industrial house-building, sizes and features of the compound are determined by GOST 30974-2002. The introduction of the standard created favorable conditions for the development of low-rise house-building, domestic wooden houses of industrial production in quality are not inferior to Finnish samples.
The standard sets of carpentry connections to the lobby tail:
- Connection "in the paw";
- Deaf "Frying";
- Open "Frying";
- Fastening a trapezoid-shaped key.
A distinctive feature of these types of fastening is the design of a spike-groove, which has a trapezoidal form with a direct base.
The fastener of the bar "in the paw" is the easiest way to build a cut, a reliable grip provides a spike of the trapezoidal shape, which is cut into the end part of each row of the crown. Properly made and assembled castle reliably fixes the crowns of the cut in all planes. The fastening is universal, used to build a car from a bar and rounded logs, the connection "in the paw" is used to be used in the construction under the shrinkage.
The design distinguishes the absence of ends, protruding for the corners of the structure, such a castle is called a "pure angle". A spike in such a design is a carrier element and carries the main load. To build a cut in a "pure angle", it is recommended to use the timing of maximum sizes, with a side of at least 250 mm.
Run a fastener of a swallow tail with your own hands is quite difficult to avoid errors using a full-size spike pattern of a swallow tail for a bar, the sample can be cut out of fissure or tight paper. The pattern is applied to the end and outlines, the boundaries of the propelobs are planned with the help of a hammer and a chisel. Duties make manual circular saw. The easiest way to make inclined feedback after 10-15 mm, crawl over the ax and resubmission the chisel.
The advantage of technology is the ability to work with a lumber of natural humidity, in this case the spikes are made with a switch of 5-7%. The allowance will result in the formation of gaps between the crowns, which in the process of shrinkage is eliminated by naturally.
Disadvantages and features of the connection to the lobby tail:
- "Clean angle" has end-to-end slots, which over time can expand;
- The log house does not have closed crowns, on each wall, the laying is shifted on Polbrus, the design must be enhanced with bellows;
- The corners of the structure have a non-primary look and do not adorn the facade;
- The developer is limited in choosing a lumber sizzy.
According to technology, log houses in the lobby tail are built by country houses of economy class, baths and household buildings, such a construction is low-cost and available to a massive developer.
Deaf poppy
This method in construction practice allows you to fully utilize the advantages of trapezoid attachment, a feature is a secret T-shaped groove-spike connection. The size of the spike does not exceed halfbrus and completely recessed into the body of the bar. The angle of the house collected by such technology was called the "Warm Corner". The lock provides a reliable clutch into a crown without through slots, when processing the construction sealant creates a fully sealed space. The bar is increasing in the same way if its length is less than the length of the wall.
Profile picking is performed according to the drawing using a circular and training saw. The rectangular billet under the thorn and groove is cut with a circular, the specified form is given by a special hand saw. For cutting grooves, you can use a manual milling mill, the workplace is easy to equip yourself.
Advantages of fastening technology Deaf "Frying":
- Improved thermal insulation of the structure;
- You can use sawnaster of any sizes;
- The castle "Hidden", the facade acquires an attractive form;
- During construction, you can use a bar with a smaller profile;
- Provides economical use of building material.
The main feature is the increased demand for wood moisture - the sawn timber must have moisture in no more than 20%. Technology is widely used by manufacturers of finished "turnkey" houses.
Outdoor Frying
This method is used in the construction of internal partitions from a bar, laying lag for the floor and ceiling floors. The groove is pumped on the entire width of the bar. The lock reminds the connection "in the paw" in the T-shaped version and ensures fixation of the structure in the horizontal plane. This fastening is simple, can be cut with a circular saw and processed by the chisel.
A simplified version of the castle of frying is a profile in the form of a rectangular trapezion, fasteners are called semi-dem. Such a fastening is designed for more wet wood and is popular with individual developers.
Fastening a trapezoidal key
Further development of the connection scheme into the lobby tail, received in a key bond. The knap in the form of a butterfly formed by two trapezoidal shapes is made of solid wood. The groove is cut on modern milling machines. A sponge compound into a swallow tail The mounting dimensions are minimized, but such a design provides a reliable fastening of wooden structures of any complexity, allows you to put the production of wood products to flow.
Peculiar features:
- Requires accurate wood processing with the use of modern technology and devices;
- Minimizes resource and material consumption;
- Retains an attractive type of wood texture;
- Allows you to make wooden structures of any complexity.
Bonding with a key is used by manufacturers of finished wooden houses from expensive glued timber and allows you to implement the most complex projects of houses.
Conclusion
Connections of a bar in a lobby tail in house-building is a reliable way to fasten wooden parts. With the advent of a modern joinery tool, this technology has become available for mass application. Such a fastening is widely used in the design of the interior and the manufacture of small architectural forms. In miniature performance, such fasteners are used in the production of furniture.
The manufacture of the junction "Lastochka Tail" by an old manual method is not only an attempt to touch the past. Such a compound, made beautiful, will give your work underlined uniqueness.
Practice and patience will help achieve a high level of skill required for the manufacture of Lastochka Tail connections manually. If your first attempt is far from perfect, do not worry. Each in his practice passes through a similar stage of manufacturing connections before acquiring the desired skills.
Start with the preparation of the tool shown in the photo - ( kiyanka A, chisels in, combined or carbonated coal with, marking flights D, adjustable Malka E and fine-grade saw F. It is also desirable to have a marking knife, a ruler and pencil.)
Practice on the wood of medium softness, such as a poplar, and make the blanks of the same width and thickness. With the acquisition of experience, you can try to make a connection on the blanks of different thickness. For the correct orientation of the connection elements, temporarily mark the side of the blanks (front, rear, internal, outer and side) and edges (top, bottom).
First cut the spikes and use them for the markup of "swallow tails". In some cases, it makes sense to begin with drinking "swallow tails". We offer a detailed description of all the steps of this process.
Installing angle on Malka
There is a simple way to determine the angle for the proper compound manufacture. Attach the carbon to the straight edge of the trimming of the FA measure and spend a length of about 250 mm in length at an angle of 90 ° to the edge (drawing).
Put the label on this line at a distance of 1 50 and 200 mm from the edge. Now apply labels on the edge, retreating 25 mm to the right and left from the line. Connect the "25" lines with the "150" and "200" marks. Install the little mace to a smaller triangle for soft rocks and for the greater triangle for solid rocks, as shown in the photo.
Traditionally, the angle used in the compound "Swallow tail" for wood of soft rocks is sharper than an angle for solid rocks, because the wood of soft rocks is more susceptible to crumpled and displacement when exposed to the load. But the difference is small: 81 ° (ratio of 1: b) - for soft breeds against 83 ° (1: 8 ratio) - for solid.
Marking Shipov
The spikes always begin with the edges of the part, and the markup is applied to the ends to the ends, while the "swallow tails" are placed on the places. Determine the amount and placement of spikes at its discretion. For uniform distribution, calculate how many spikes should be made between extreme semi-shifts.
Divide the distance between the extreme semi-shifts on this number and then mark on the end of the workpiece from the inside of the centers of spikes at equal intervals. Determine the width of the narrow edge of the spikes and apply labels on the billet edge. Avoid making spikes with a tight face width of less than 6 mm - this space will not be enough with further work with "swallow tails".
Marking flight with an installed width, which is 0.4 mm more thickness of the blanks, swipe on both plates and edges of the billets from the ends, where the spikes and later "swallow tails" will be manufactured.
Both front sides of the compound will be ground after assembly. With the help of a small mark with a marking knife, apply spike markings on the ends of the billet, as shown in the photo on the left.
With the help of the kitchen, spend straight lines from the ends of the markings on the end to the kicks, previously batched by the flight, as shown in the photo on the right. Strike sections to be removed.
Sawn spikes
A saw with a thin cannol (such as a Japanese-type hacksaw) Make propelles along the lines of markup to lines deposited by the flight on both sides. Keep the saw blade strictly perpendicular to the end and saw slowly to avoid injections cutting to the wood fibers. A small kit installed close to the canvas will help maintain angle of 90 ° while the accumulated experience will not allow you to do without it.
Remove the extra material of the chisel
The widest chisel, which is placed between neighboring spikes in the place of their largest rapprochement, make shallow restrictive cuts along the line conducted by the flight, as shown on the top photo on the left. Do not deepen too much - for a start, 3 mm is enough. Your goal is flat, straight line.
Carefully remove the extra material, with light blows of the Cyanka directing the chisel from the end side. Repeat these operations until you cut the material until the middle of the thickness of the workpiece. Creating a small V-shaped excavation will make it easier for the cleansing of excess when removing wood between spikes. Turn over the workpiece, lock it with the clamp and continue to work on the other side.
Stripping cuts between spikes
Clean the area between the spikes of the chisel. To simplify the compound assembly, make a slight recess from the end in the cuts between spikes, as shown in the photo. Now the spikes are ready. Do not expose them to no processing until you do "Swallow Tails"
Marking "Swallow Tails"
Finished spikes will serve as a template for the marking of "swallow tails". Holding the front blank vertically on the inner side of the side board, at its end, align a wide part of spikes with a line of markup, a flight-hardening on the second board.
Follow the "swallow tails" with a knife. When the markup is clearly visible, with the help of the kitchen and the knife, apply the cutoff lines on the ends perpendicular to the plates. If necessary, stitch areas to be deleted.
Gently cut down "swallow tails"
Make propelles at an angle. Unlike other billets, where the rods usually go along the markup line, in this case you need to cut next to it, creating a stock for the possibility of accurate fitting compound.
Drink and cut the shoulders
Starting to cut with a switch, drink the shoulders at the edges of the connection. Then clean this section of the chisel to the coincidence with the markup lines.
Removal of material between "swallow tails"
This operation is similar to the thicker of spikes, except that it is necessary to cut the left allowed, approaching the markup line, for an accurate fit. We do not recommend doing too narrow spikes: they do not leave the place for the work of the chisel between "swallow tails".
Connection fit
Working slowly and accurately, remove the surplus of the chisel to almost the mark of the markup left by the knife. Make trial attempts to collect a connection while working.
Sut off with "swallow tails" the finest layer of material at each fit until the connection is assembled with the light blows of the image. Do not change the spikes.
The acquisition of experience can take some time, but you will notice the difference between the compound that you can admire, and the one that has to be pledged.
According to the materials of the magazine "Wood-Master"