The best time for landing plums is all nuances, step-by-step instructions and my recommendations. Landing plums in spring: how to plant a plum of seedlings in an open soil, step-by-step plum instruction landing distance between trees

So that the site is not empty, it should be placed with apple trees, plum and cherry. Trees will give a shadow, in the spring will delight the eye with blossom and aroma, and in the fall they will give natural delicious fruits. However, some features of planting and cultivation are required in advance, then not to wonder why there is no harvest. For example, it is not possible to plant a plum next to the cherry know everything.

What factors affect the compatibility of fruit trees

When landing several fruit at close range, it is necessary to take into account their compatibility, the incorrect distribution on the site can lead to the loss of crop or even the death of trees. To find out if it is possible to plant a cherry or another fruit tree next to the drain, you should study information about the needs of the tree and its characteristics.

Along the neighborhood of various types of fruit trees, you need to consider the following factors:

• Soil requirements. And the cherry, and the plum tree grow on loose soil with neutral acidity. In addition, they do not strongly deplete the soil, useful substances enough for both.
• Requirements for the illumination of the site. All lives requires light, but some cultures need it more than others. When landing trees near need to take into account their branches, height and scope of the crown. In this regard, the cherry is incompatible with many other plants, as the shadow from the neighbors oppress the cherry bush, because of what it stops fruit. The neighborhood from the plum and apple tree is allowed, since their crowns are not so branchy and spread. At the same time, for a prosperous neighborhood, it is necessary to carefully select varieties, their height should not be higher than 3.5 meters.
• What type of fertilizer is more suitable and the feedback frequency. The need for feeding in many fruit is different. However, these species have almost the same needs and do not require frequent feeding. The best fertilizers for them are nitrogen feeding, entangled manure, wood ash and humus.
• Place landing. Do not love pits and high slopes and cherries, and plum, compatibility in this plan is perfect. They do not like low plots of land due to the fact that the soil is constantly wet, and this leads to the fact that the plant becomes more vulnerable to fungal diseases. Increased soil moisture leads to the fact that the root system of the plant begins to rot. On the slopes of them are undesirable, since in the winter they will be subject to wind and cold, and these species do not differ in stability to such conditions.
• Allelopathy is plants compatibility. Some cultures are distinguished by substances that negatively affect the neighbors. So, pear and cherry are incompatible. The cherry bush allocates substances, due to which the pear constantly sick and does not be fruit.
• Diseases. If you plant the trees that are subject to identical diseases or pests, you can lose all crop. The cherry and plum tree has a lot of common diseases. So, both cultures are susceptible to fungal infections, especially the cocokosis. Almost all fruit are subject to this disease. And if you correctly care for them, you can not worry about it. They are also both exposed to attacks. The TLL appears in the place where there is an anthill nearby, and if you do not allow the formation of large nests, you do not need to be afraid of this problem.
• Watering features. The root cherry system is at a depth of 45-50 centimeters, and a plum tree - 40 cm, and therefore they need about one volume of water. It is necessary to water them so that the soil is moistened, but will not flood.

Is it possible to plant a plum next to the cherry

Plum and cherry are ideal neighbors, landing near these trees does not affect their yields. The only disadvantage of such a neighborhood is the high probability of infection at once both seedlings, as they are both vulnerable to identical diseases. Otherwise, their combinance is excellent.

What crops can be planted next to the plum

Plum is unpretentious and gives a good harvest even under adverse conditions. And even if it gives a bad crop with good care, but the fruits are small and sick, it means that there is a plant that negatively affects it. With some plants, the plum is close not to plant, for example, with currant, no matter what kind: black or red, raspberry, birch, coniferous trees, etc.

Best plum compatibility with:

• Pear. Pear is well getting along with almost all fruit. In addition, both similarities and care requires. The advantage of such a neighborhood acts that these types of trees are subject to different diseases. But a similar neighborhood for a while, since over time the pear survives its neighbors. Therefore, it is almost impossible to grow a strong culture next to a pear.
• Apple tree. Like a pear, it grows and well fruits no matter what fruit plants are located nearby. However, the high apple tree creates a shortage of sunlight for its neighbors, in connection with which their yield is reduced. So that the apple tree does not interfere with the neighbors, it is desirable to put the dwarf varieties. Other types of apple trees are better not to have a plum tree.
• Cherry. The conditions for the care of these cultures are almost the same, both plants love the sun, do not require frequent fertilizer and irrigation. The location of the root system of plants allows them to grow quietly nearby. However, these trees are subject to identical diseases and pests, the infection of one tree leads to the disease of the second. But you can grow them in the neighborhood, without worrying if we handle plants from pests and disease on time.
• Cherries. She is very similar to the cherry, she has the same requirements for the soil, the place of landing and care. But the sweet cherry is well combined with other cultures. Her Crown overlaps access to plants nearby to the light, because of which the latter are poorly growing and fruit.

Also next to the plum tree, Alycha, Buzin, not bad.

Compatibility of trees

It is important to understand not only whether it is possible to plant a cherry next to the drain, but what to put under the scene in the garden to rationally use the plot. Under the plum crop, it is allowed to plant something low, with an undeveloped root system: cleanliness, primroses and bulbous flowers. It is forbidden to plant vegetables under the tree. They will not be able to fully develop and mature in the shade. Vegetables are not desirable to plant in the garden at all.

Attention! Trees and shrubs are desirable to plant a little away, otherwise they will interfere with each other grow.

Features of landing of a tree of another species next to the drain

It is important to know not only to plant a plum nearby, but also how to do it. Plant two different cultures better at one time. If one tree is already developed, but there is no second, it will not be able to grow normally due to lack of beneficial substances. Saplings are desirable to disassemble in autumn and spring, but the best time for the landing is considered the middle of autumn.

When landing seedlings of various types in one site, it is important to know exactly the distance on which they must be planted. If the plum seedling will be located on one plot with an apple tree, the distance between them should be at least 6 meters. If the variety is low apple trees, then the distance should not be less than 4.5-5 meters. The same distance is measured when planting a pear seedling.

Planting plums

The cherry seedling is required at a distance of 4 m from the plum. If a cherry seedling belongs to bushy varieties, it is allowed to plant closer, at a distance of 2.5-3 meters. For both, the soil is needed with a neutral level of acidity, so before planting it is necessary to reduce the acidity of the soil.

What can be planted under the drain: flowers (forget-me-not, bells, velvets), cleanliness and primroses.

Important! It should not be squeezed under it flowers or shrubs with a developed root system, often it leads to damage to the roots.

Choosing something for planting under the drain tree, it is important to take into account the need for moisture. The plum tree does not like a very moistened land.

Working in the garden, you need to study the features and needs of plants in advance. Before planning the location of crops on the plot and land them, it is important to know in advance the features of each type and their characteristic.

We can tell about the useful and taste properties of plums for a long time, these trees are found on many garden sites.

However, like any plant, agrotechnology has its own characteristics. Landing plums in the fall is the best option so that the tree is good and plentifully fertile. Why is it better to sit in this period, how to cook a plot than to feed, how to trim and protect against pests and diseases? It is important to understand these issues in order not to be mistaken with the varieties and methods of cultivation in a certain region.

Often discussions are underway when it is better to plant a plum: in spring or autumn? In the autumn period, intensive depotation is stopped. The seedling is in the state of the semi-window, so it takes better transplant, gets used to a new place, will not suffer immediately after the transplantation from the summer exhausting heat. In the autumn period there are more frequent rains, so you can do without an additional irrigation.

Rational landing dates in autumn

When to plant plants? It is important to perplex before the onset of frosts. For the middle strip of Russia, the seedlings are placed on a new place at the end of September. In Siberia and in the Urals, it is advisable to have time in the first week of September.

If the planting material is bought late, it is better to touch the tree under the tilt and transplant in the spring. In this case, an intense watering is needed during the summer.

Varieties and descriptions

The breeders for a long time took the varieties with different maturity times. Fruits are distinguished by color, taste. Currently, such varieties are popular:

Greengage	It has large yellow fruits, exquisite taste at the late maturation
July	High yield, large fruit purple-red shade, early fruit
Zarechnaya early	Winter-hardy tree with early harvest, purple fleet fruits of oval shape, ideal for home billets
Souvenir East	Tree with juicy dark red fruits in the shape of a heart, sweet mid
Golden ball	The plant has bright yellow fruits with a peach taste with early fruiting, is the top to taste
Spring-eyed	Begins fruiting 2 years after landing, reddish fruits ripen at the beginning of summer
Svetlana	The variety is suitable for the northern regions, the fruits are not large, but with high taste qualities
Romen.	Mid-line variety with red fruits and tasty flesh.

Optimal conditions for growing

After landing, the first 7 years fruiting is weak, after 12 years comes the period of the greatest yield. Based on such physiology, it is necessary not only to acquire, but also to create living conditions. It depends on the right growth and acceleration of the beginning of intensive fruction.

For trees, low-spirits are not suitable for trees, in the spring and autumn the cold air accumulates, it destructively affects the plants. A good place will be the border of the site along the fence or next to the house, which will protect from the wind, but not in the shade. The drought is poorly reflected in fruiting, watering is organized into the arid periods. The optimal PN of the Earth in the range is 6.4-7.2.

Plum is afraid of high groundwater standing. Therefore, if they are at a depth of less than 1.5 meters, it is possible to plant a plush in the fall on specially trained high beds or organize water removal from the site.

Moscow region	Landing and care: if the winter is honest, it is important to insulate the roots. To do this, in the fall in front of the frosts around the trunk, the hilloch is thrown and covered with grass or sawdust.
Leningrad region	In areas with high groundwater standing, organize drainage: hot channels are digging around the perimeter. Be sure to climb the rolling circle of the tree with peat or hay.
Medium strip	How to plant the plum in the middle lane of Russia? To do this, it is important to choose or create conditions for growing and reproduction: humidity, soil quality, security, fight pests and diseases.
Siberia	It is necessary to grow varieties that maintain a harsh winter on the southern and southwestern slopes in the winds protected from wind.
Ural	In this region with frosty winters, it is necessary to choose a zoned variety, prepare a plant as described below.

The right selection of the site and

preparation of soil

The plot should be protected from drafts: the trees have places near fences or buildings. Soil should not be acidic and overwhelmed. If a place does not correspond to the physiology of the plant, a special technology is applied: high ridges are created, fertilizer is made, protective shields are erected.

It is necessary not only to put the plum in the fall, but also to prepare the soil. A mixture is necessary for each pit:

• upper fertile soil;
• humus - about 15 kg;
• potash salt no more than 15 g;
• superphosphate within 100 g

Dolomite flour is introduced into the acid land - 0.5 kg.

How to choose a landing material

The best option for buying a tree is specialized nurseries that implement plants-sharing with grafted varietal cuttings. Such seedlings earlier bloom and fruiting. Main settings:

• height up to 150 cm;
• the height of the trunk to the branches - 50-60 cm;
• age - about 2 years;
• the diameter of the trunk at a height of 12 cm from the vaccination site - 1.5-1.8 cm;
• not less than 5 roots with a length of 25-30 cm.

Planting Sazedans

Step by step guide developed by an experienced gardening:

it is necessary to properly prepare the soil in the garden. Put the land is good not only on the place of the future pit, but also around it. Landing plums in the fall begins with the choice of the optimal place, proper preparation of the Earth;

before placing the landing scheme of seedlings should take into account the dimensions of the adult plant, which form and height will be Croon. In any case, the distance should not be less than 3 meters from each other;

photo: © thefruitnut.files.wordpress.com

the landing pit is necessary for a diameter of at least 80 cm and a depth of 60 cm, it is digging two weeks before the planned landing. For a better drainage on the bottom of the sand. Filled with a fertilous soil not to the end. In the center of the pit, they are driven by a peg, it is intended to be support for a young plant;

before planting, gardeners carefully examine the plant and make cropping bad roots;

photo: © richmondtreestewards.files.wordpress.com

place a seedlove, straighten the roots, so that the root neck is slightly above the level of the earth (after watering it will slide below);

the roots fall asleep with soil without fertilizer, so as not to burn them, fill all the emptiness and gently thoughts. Then pour, underwind the soil and climb so that moisture is not lost.

photo: © Stormwater.Allianceforthebay.org

After that, the question arises: care for the drain fall?

Care after landing

Landing and care in the open soil includes timely feeding, cropping, watering and protection against pests and diseases. In the first year, without fertilizer you can do. The plant will be spring and the entire summer season to use the fertilizer made before landing.

Trimming

Annually pruning, which forms the crown. In April, in the northern regions in May is carried out a healing trimming. This is the best time for such works. The branches that grow inside the crowns are resettled with each other, shoots growing from the root. Crouch the upper branches to reduce the crown. This improves growth, fruiting and further reproduction of process.

Prevention of disease

Gardeners get rid of gamuseture and white rotting the early trimming. Sleeping the crown prevents holes in breathe. The processing of Bordeaux liquid eliminates the fruit rot, kokkikosis, the curls of the leaves, bacterial spot, moniliosis, it minimizes the population of the fall.

Protection against pests

During the spring awakening of the plant, malicious insects appear. To protect the garden you need:

• plant healthy seedlings;
• cut damaged branches;
• land under the crooked wormwood, velvets;
• in the morning, gardeners shake on the flooring of the pillet;
• in the rolling colors, wood ash adds, it will protect against Tly;
• sprinkle after flowering with an int-virus (3 tablets on 10 liters of water);
• make cathless belts;
• cracked cracks and wounds on the trunk and branches;
• sprinkle with the drug "Insegoar" from the plum painting.

Fertilizer

We found out how to plant the plum in the fall, let's talk about feeding. The fertilizer is made annually, which includes ammonium sulfate. For acidic soil use an ammonium salter. Trees can not do without organic matter: you can use diluted cow dung in the water in a ratio of 1:10. And also use humilias, it improves growth as a seedling and adult plum. Every year in the spring there is an extraordinary feeder of 0.5% urea solution.

Watering

Landing plums in autumn turns on watering: 2 buckets of water, but only if it is not foreseen of heavy rains. Plum does not like to overwhelm. From spring and throughout the summer it is important to organize a timely watering.

Preparation for winter

The plant should be helped to survive the winter, as plum loves comfort:

1. whiten the trunk;
2. shook the rolling circle;
3. till the bump plant so as not to damage the rodents;
4. if the weather forecasters promise a minor winter, fall asleep with a thick layer of spruce laps, sawdust;
5. to the barrel and branches tie the peppermint, which rodents do not like;
6. the branches associate together so that they do not climb the wet snow.

Interesting! "For the Urals and Siberia in an open place to protect against the wind make a shield shelter."

Video

In the video of the experienced gardener tells and shows in practice how to plant a plum in the fall.

Despite the fact that the drain is a "characteristic" tree that loves good feeding and watering, protected places, applying the above-listed tips to it, even in the difficult conditions of the North, the Urals.

In the hope of being enjoyed with delicious and healthy fruits, many daches sit on the plot. However, not every gardener manages to provide the tree the necessary conditions for further growth, and it dies supremely. The reason for this phenomenon lies in the wrong spring or autumn planting.

When it is better to plant a plum: Features of spring and autumn planting

In order for the tree in the winter, it was not frozen in winter and to the arrival of heat quickly went into growth, it needs to be planted at such a time so that it would have to root well before the onset of summer heat and severe frosts. So, in the spring, the plum is planted at the end of March-early April, when there was no sludge, and in the fall - in September, about a month before the establishment of cold weather.

Better sometimes for planting plum is considered autumn. Looking at this time has several advantages:

• Large assortment of fresh planting material.
• Saplings do not react to damage to the roots

The main drawback of the autumn planting of plums is a seedling need to hide for winter, otherwise it will freeze.

Landing in the spring also has its pros and cons. The only advantage of the spring landing is the seedling season is well rooted and tolerates winter safely.

Planting the village is undesirable for the following reasons:

• Many seedlings because of a long stay from the seller are blown up before the landing. Such weak plants after disembarking in the ground are sick and after a while die.
• It is difficult to get the planting material of the required variety.
• As the plum wakes up early from the winter sleep, you can not have time to plant a plant before the start of the sludge.

How to plant a plum: features and step-by-step instructions

Before running the head behind the seedliness, you need to carefully examine all the rules for the draining landing. What do you need to know?

Video: Proper phased plum landing

What should be a seedlove

When choosing a planting material, first of all, you need to pay attention to its origin. It is best to choose a zoned variety, which are adapted to weather conditions and the composition of the soil of the cultivation region. Saplings from other regions are not recommended to be used for landing, as they are in most cases poorly carry long and high temperatures, slowly grow and die for a short time.

As plums are divided into those who themselves are pollinated and those who need other trees of this species to pollinate, you need to decide on the way to pollinate. For this you need to take into account not only your own desires, but also the amount of free space on the site.

It is equally important to inspect the appearance of a seedling. The first thing is to evaluate the condition of the root: it should be well developed with the central conductor of medium length. The normal root system should consist of 4-5 processes, the length of which is more than 25 cm.

Important!Do not buy a sapling, whose conductor is too short cut.

The thickness of the trunk of a young tree should be 1-2 cm. In some varieties, the thickness of a 2-year-old seedling may be greater than or less a few millimeters.

For the landing, it is best to use the annual church or biennial age.

Place landing

In order for the seedling well to develop and in the future brought delicacious fruits to be very important to place it in the right place. It is necessary to plant a plum on well-lit plots or in a small half, only here it can form high-quality fruits,

It is impossible to plant a plum in lowlands, where water is caressed for a long time or in places where the groundwater flows close to the surface. The growing plum in such conditions often is sick of fungal diseases, which is why it is badly fruit.

With which it is impossible to plant

Accordingly, the map of the combination of trees and shrubs, it is impossible to plant a plum next to pear, cherries, cherries and walnut. According to the observations of experts, planted near the trees oppress each other's growth and badly fruit.

At what distance

Distance between trees depends on their variety. In order for large specimens of plums enough of the place, they are planted with a pitch of 3-4 m, the trees of weary grades are planted at a distance of 2.5-3 m.

Important!By drawing up the plan of the site, it is necessary to take into account the fact that many varieties are not able to self-pebble, so they should be planted only by groups.

What a soil is necessary

The ideal medium for the cultivation of plums is a sublinous soil whose acidity is 6.5-7 units. It is possible to determine the acidity of the soil using a lactium paper. To do this, take a handful of wet after the rain of the Earth and apply a test paper to it. If it was painted in pink color - the soil is neutral or alkaline. Red colors will signal that the environment is acidic.

In this case, the soil before landing should be necessary to snap: to the site pre-deposit the haired lime or the dolomite flour.

To improve sandy or peat soil, a layer of clay with a height of 10 cm falls asleep into the pit.

How and what to focus before landing

Even the highest quality seedling will be rooted for a long time if the soil be poor on micro and macroelements. To prepare a substrate, the following substances add to the soil:

• 2 buckets of humus or compost;
• 2 buckets of peat;
• 1 tbsp. superphosphate;
• 3 tbsp. Potassium sulfate;
• 3 tbsp. carbamide

You can fill the landing pit and a simpler mixture. Two glasses of nitroposki and 200 g of wood ash are added to the fertile land. The last substance can be replaced by the same amount of puffs or dolomite flour.

After connecting all components, the mixture is thoroughly mixed.

What depth to plant

A week before the estimated landing date at the selected place, a hole of 70-80 cm with a diameter of 70-80 cm and depth is 70 cm. Camping space, the upper layer of the Earth is folded on one side, and the lower one is on the other.

If the soil on the site is heavy, the bottom is loosened to a depth of 20-25 cm. Then the fertile soil taken from the heap where the upper layer of the Earth was mixed, mixed with fertilizers.

In the bottom of the landing pit at a distance of 2 cm from the center, a wooden pegs are connected with a height of 110 cm.

The chopped egg shell is poured onto the bottom and fall asleep on a 2/3 cooked substrate. If the mixture turned out to be little, the fertile land is lined into the pit.

Important! To prevent sparing out young wood, the root neck must rise above the surface of the earth by 3-5 cm.

Technology landing

After all the necessary preparations, the Plum landing procedure looks as follows:

1. Place the roots, place the sapling in the pit and deepen it so that the root neck is a few centimeters above the level of the soil.
2. Fall off the soil, without impurities of various fertilizers.
3. Then the land around it needs very well torture, so that the air does not remain near the roots (it can cause drying the horse system).
4. From the soil, which was dug out of the bottom of the pit, there is a small mound around the village, which will contribute to an excellent water absorbing the saplth.
5. Next, the garter is performed.
6. The final barcode is carried out - a thorough strait of the plant.

Video: how to plant a plum

Care after landing

So that young trees have taken root in a new place, they need to create the most comfortable conditions. Seedling care includes the following manipulations.

Watering. Due to the fact that plum prefers to grow in a wet environment, the soil must be able to regularly moisturize. It is especially important to carry out watering after the spring landing, since after the arrival of heat soil dries quickly, and the young tree can die.

Later in dry weather, the tree is watered 1 time per week. The volume of water should be so that the soil at a depth of 40 cm was wet. Following such a rule, water consumption for watering a young tree is 40 liters, an adult - 60 liters.

Important!It is impossible to turn the soil around the plum into the swamp. Excess moisture is the main cause of the development of fungal diseases and cracking fruits.

To make a tree normally feel, in winter you need to follow the thickness of the snow cover. If snow near the saplings is more than 60 cm, it is cleaned.

Podrel. Young trees begin to feed at the age of 2 years. In the spring, an organic solution from a cowboy or a litter prepared at the rate of 1:10 and 1:20 is made under the plum. Fans of mineral fertilizers feed the plum of urea or complex mixtures with a large content of nitrogen. In the fall, the tree is fed by phosphoric and potash fertilizers: 100 g of potassium sulphate or superphosphate.

Trimming. In order to form the right crown, the seedling starts to cut immediately after landing. In the first year, a central conductor is shortened to a level of 1-1.2 m, in the second - choose the strongest branches and cut them to a length of 25-30 cm. At the age of 3 years, the top increments are shortened by 30 cm, side - by 15 cm .

At the end of the formation of Krone, it should consist of 5-6 strong branches located at an angle of 50 degrees. In the future, annually remove the shoots that thicken the crown, as well as dried, sick and damaged branches.

Loosening. After each watering or abundant rain, the soil around the seedling is thoroughly loosen. Due to such manipulation to roots, more air flows, and the plum is growing faster.

Mulching. To prevent the evaporation of moisture and the growth of weeds, as well as protect the roots from the frozen, the rolling circle of a young seedling is covered with a humus or compost. Organic substances will not only cope with the above functions, but also for a long time replenish the soil micro and macroelements. The mulch must cover the soil over the root, but should not touch the barrel.

Shelter. In the fall, the fall is not enough enough to move the winter struran without additional protection, so in the first year it must be hidden. On the eve of the cold, the rolling circle is mounted with a layer of straw, which is covered on top of thin metal sheets or slate. The barrel of seedlings are wrapped with burlap or dense material.

Read more about preparing plums for winter and care in the fall - trimming and shelter read in this article.

Video: how to care for the drain

Features of landing in different regions

In order to plant the plum correctly, the landing recommendations need to be amended, which are caused by various weather conditions and the state of the soil of a particular region.

In the Volga region

Due to the fact that winter in this region does not differ in harsh frosts, planting in the spring at the end of March-early April, and in the fall, in mid-September. For landing, it is recommended to use varieties resistant to moniliosis and slurryososporiosis.

In the middle lane (Moscow region)

Landing plums in the spring and autumn in the Moscow region is made on the above recommendations, without any features.

In Siberia and the Urals

In the north, plum in the spring is planted into the open ground in April, immediately after the soil flashes. Since the risk of freezing, the fruit tree is usually not planted in autumn. Only zoned frost-resistant varieties are used as a planting material.

Video: How to put plum saplings in Siberia and in the Urals

Possible errors when landing plums

Even in such a simple matter, as a landing of plums, novice gardeners manage to make several mistakes. Here are the most common of them:

• Drain planted under the tilt.
• Trying to create comfortable conditions for growth, the excessive amount of water and fertilizers contribute.
• Do not take into account the growth strength of the selected variety and plant slurry and stronger plants at the same distance.

All you need to properly plant plums is a little time to study technology and implement it into life. Already a few years later, Plum will certainly thank the owner for the worries rendered to the abundant harvest of sweet fruits.

Video: How to grow plums

Flashing

The purpose of autumn care is to prepare a plum tree to the cold winter period. The fruits have already been removed, and now you should thank your feed. The main steps of autumnal departments are as follows:

• Podrel. After the summer season, the plum tree needs a fade, consisting of minerals and complex fertilizers.
• Abundant watering. A plum tree, like no other, loves moisturizing. Therefore, regularly attack it with sufficient water.
• Loosening. Soil, around the tree, needs good drainage. Do not be lazy to drag the land.
• Insulation.Autumn will fly imperceptibly, and frost will quickly come after it. To protect the trees from freezing, its strains are carefully wrapped with roofing or rubberoid.
• Protection. Confine plums from damage to rodents and hares. For this, on the territory of the household site you need to decompose bait containing poisonous substances against mice. If you wrap the plum pillars of the barbed wire, none eared can cause irreparable damage to the surface of the crust.

Plum landing process in autumn

How often you have to hear the complaints of the gardeners that the planted plum trees for some reason do not fron, or in general die. And the reason lies not at all in a bad variety or poor-quality saplings, the wrong landing is wrong.

The sequence of autumn planting of plum trees is such a chronology:

1. First you need to choose the right place of the future landing. Prefer the well-drained soil area. It is desirable that she is also a moisture retention. Attention! The selected area should be perfectly covered, as well as have a shelter from winter frosts.
2. Clean the Earth carefully from different weeds, and thoroughly support it.
3. Now we go to the next stage of preparatory work - landing pit.Standard size is forty-forty-centimeters. However, each seedling has its own, special root system. It is from it that the size of the pit is depends. Speakingly determine the magnitude of the rhizomes, and dig a deepening, in which the reflected roots of young people will be comfortable.
4. We take a seedling and carefully inspecting his rootsBy removing all damaged and crushed endings.
5. Gently omit the future fruit into the hole pit, and we begin to slowly pour out the earth. Make sure that the soil is located evenly, without leaving any voids.
6. Be sure to tie a sapling to the peg. It will save him from unfavorable weather conditions in the first time of life.
7. Provide plenty of abundant watering, she loves him very much.

If the cold came, and you finally missed the time of autumn landing in the ground, there is still a way to save seedlings to spring.

This can be done as follows:

• Fill in the soil boxes.
• Place the seedlings in them so that the young woman lay and suck the land of its root.
• Boxes must be placed in a cellar or any other closed cool place. Leave them on the street is extremely undesirable.

If there is a greenhouse on your household plot, then you can make a young man in it.

Pruning plums in autumn

Autumn pruning is necessary for the best preparation of a plum tree to winter. It is held in the first or second decade of September. Do not carry out the trimming later, otherwise the tree will not be enough time to prepare for the cold.

Proper autumn trim helps to create a future crown. If you leave too long branches, they can break under strong wind gusts. General recommendations on autumn pruning look like this:

• If the pruning is the first, then the branches are shortening in a height of approximately one third.
• Fast-growing shoots need to shorten the two-thirds.
• Ruthlessly remove all dry, slightly dry and sick branches. All remote parts strongly recommend burning.
• Try to cut forward the crown.

If you are lazy to cut a plum tree in the fall, then in the spring, do not expect a blooming and healthy appearance from it.

Undercalinking plums in the fall

Throughout the year, the plum tree must be fed several times, the final of them falls at the fall. It is possible to carry out the procedure after the final ripening of fruits. Each tree will have to use about thirty-five fertilizer liters, which consists of:

• Chloride / sulfate potassium - 2 tbsp. l.
• Superphosphate - 3 tbsp. l.
• Water - 10 liters.

Note that in the first year of life, the young man is perfectly done without fertilizers.

Conducted on a long time, autumn feeding will bring you a subsequently generous and abundant harvest.

Plum processing from diseases and pests

A very important stage in the process of growing fruits is the timely and scrupulous treatment of a plum tree from various pests and diseases. The greatest evil tree inflicts the TLL distributed by black ants. To protect yourself from this attack, you will have to actively take the case.

The processing of plums from this pest is carried out several times a year, but the control is in the fall. After you collect the last harvest (but before the foliage of foliage), you can proceed to the rescue procedure:

1. Preventive. The folk remedies are applied, such as infusions. The composition can be prepared using wormwood, ash, onion husk, garlic plus a household soap.
2. Targeted. When the enemy is detected, the urea solution should be used, alternately and richly spraying all branches. A mixture of evil-garlic water with one tablet of microfertres and fifty grams of mineral fertilizers has proven itself.

In addition, the main branches and strabs should be placed. Before the start of the event, you should carefully clean the bark from the extra garbage.

Methods of breeding plums

Any gardener dreams to learn how to properly multiply plum trees. There are three main breeding methods:

1. Porn. Preparation The pig is necessary at the beginning of the spring, choosing the most advanced escape and digging it. The height of the sprout should be approximately 20 cm, the rest is cut. Lubricate the garden with a garden, in order to avoid infection. After that, the pigs are planted at a permanent location.
2. Root cuttings. To dig cuttings, retreat from the barrel to the meter. Cut the billet into pieces of about 15-20 cm. The landing occurs in the first days of May, only in a good moisturized and loose soil. Sitty cuttings at a slight angle, at a distance of ten centimeters from each other. Cover the film from above that you need to remove in thirty days. Do not forget about regular watering.
3. VaccinationThe best time is the moment of kidney swelling. First you need to choose a stalk. Your future crop depends on this. Possess the neighbors in the country area, maybe someone grows a beautiful plum tree. Ask a small stalk. Then make the same cuts on your plum barrel and a new cutter. Tightly connect them and thoroughly tie, using threads or burlap (any rebunny material). Now it remains to wait for the appearance on the process of green leaves. This means that the vaccination has passed successfully. Attention! As soon as young leaflets began to grow on the grafting segment, you must cut all the old branches. It will help better grow and develop a new row.

Blitz advice

So, the main points in the autumn caring for the drain:

• feeding fertilizers;
• abundant and regular watering;
• whitewash;
• insulation of the trunk;
• protection against pests.

Modern varieties of plum can not be called unpretentious. They have certain requirements for landing, agricultural engineering, fertilizers, and without performing these conditions, the trees may not close, or even die at all.

We have repeatedly described in detail about the various stages of caring for the drain and operations that you need to do with it, but in this article we want to collect all the highlights for those who are just going to start this beautiful tree.

1. When and where to plant a plum?

Saplings of plum can be found on sale almost all the warm season, however, despite the assurances of sellers, the landing itself is better to spend early in spring. With autumn landing, young plums often do not have time to root and die, and the summer heat for these trees with a surface root system is destructive.

As a last resort, if you got a seedling of a very attractive variety in the fall, try to land it so that it remains for at least 2 months before the onset of cold weather, then the slander will have chances to live to spring.

Choose to plum illuminated and wind-protected place. It can develop in half, but definitely not on draft.

2. What soils like plum?

The best plums grow on fertile loose soils with a neutral pH. It can be both loamy and soup soil, the main thing is that there is enough nutrients in it, and they were made regularly.

Type of soil on the plot - how to determine and improve the structure

To independently find out what type of soil prevails on your site, it is enough to carry out several simple manipulations.

The drain does not carry out the stagnation of moisture and the convergence, therefore it will not grow in wetlands or lands, where the distance to groundwater is less than 1.5 m.

3. How to choose a plum seedling?

The choice of landing material is always not easy, because the eyes simply run away from the proposals of nurseries, shops and private farms. Whatever grade you prefer, remember that the seedling must correspond to a number of requirements:

• dwarf or semi-class dive;
• the lack of dry twigs and reinforced roots;
• the height is more than 140 cm, the diameter from 1.3 cm (for the first grade), the height of more than 110 cm, the diameter of more than 1.1 cm (for the second grade);
• branched strains with a height of at least 50 cm, with a diameter of 1.4 cm, with a length of branches from 20 cm.

In addition, there are no signs of diseases, traces of lichens, broken or cut branches.

4. How to plant a plum?

Young plums planted at a permanent place in April, before the kidneys dissolve on the tree. For the annual tree (and the survival rate at the drain is higher than at that age) you need to dig a pour of a depth of 60-70 cm. If you put a few drops nearby, then the distance between them should be at least 3 m, but from large-in adult trees, they are desirable To move away by 7-10 m, so that the "kids" do not have to compete for light and nutrition.

In order to provide a young plum tree, the optimal conditions, in the pit when landing lay a layer of drainage, and then 250 g of supelphosphate and a bucket of humus, stirring evenly with the main soil.

The tree put in the pit so that the root neck was 3-4 cm above the ground level, align and fall asleep to half, after 3 buckets of water soil soil, and sleep to the top. The priority range of plums is desirable to climb peat or humus.

If your seedlock is already greater than 1 m in height, bring it to a peg soft rope.

5. How to improve pollination of plums?

Most plum varieties available at the moment belong to self-visual. This means that one tree on the plot will not be enough, and the crop will not start. If the neighboring garden is located next to your territory, where the plums of other varieties are growing, blooming at one time with yours, you can do without disembarking additional plants. If this is not, you will have to plant several copies at once, specifying when buying, whether they match the flowering time.

However, you can find both self-free varieties of plums. True, even they will be better fruit in the company of themselves like.

Top 5 best samopidal varieties of plums (photos, descriptions, care tips)

A selection of the best samopidal varieties of plums for growing in the suburbs and the middle strip.

6. How to feed the plum?

Plugged when planting fertilizer plum is enough for the first two years, but since the third, it will have to feed it. This is not done every year, but with an interval of 2-3 years, depending on the state of the soil and the trees.

The plum fertilize not under the root, but in the wells or a groove, proofled at a distance of 60-80 cm from the tree trunk.

In the spring, after the awakening of the garden, the priority circle of plums contribute 2 tbsp. Potassium carbamide and sulfate on 10 liters of water. After plum flowed, conduct the second feeder 3 tbsp. Nitroposki on 10 liters of water.

During the formation of fruits, it is possible to solve the chicken litter solution (1:20), and in the fall, it is possible to spray potassium sulfate and superphosphate in the foliage of 2 tbsp. Fertilizers on 10 liters of water.

7. How much and how much to water the plum?

The bulk of the roots of the plum is located at a depth of up to 40 cm, that is, in that layer of soil, which easily dries. From the lack of moisture of the drain can be reset flowers and wounds, so it is necessary to ensure that the soil in the rival circle is always moistened, but will not flood.

On average, the young tree at a time need 5 buckets of water, and during the formation of fruits this volume increases by a third.

8. How to trim the plum?

Young plums grow very quickly, so need annual trimming. It is held 2 times a year: the spring forming, and the autumn is sanitary.

After pruning plums, all sections are treated with garden water.

The first forming pruning of plums is carried out a year after landing. Depending on the chosen crown type, part of the branches are removed, all the thickens and sometimes cut the central conductor.

Proper pruning of plums - Tips for beginners (schemes, photos, video)

We tell how to trim the plum in the spring, summer and autumn.

9. How to mulch the plum?

Improve plant wintering and reduce the soil drying will help the mulching of the priority circle of plums. If after the landing you covered it with peat, then in 2 years you can repeat the process, or surround the roots of the tree with a bark (chip) within a radius of 1 m.

What muller to use for different cultures?

The yield and beauty of plant flowering is often dependent on what they are inspired.

The mulch from freshly skipped grass or straw will also work, however, for the winter roots of the tree will have to be protected from rodents.

10. How to prepare a plum for winter?

Typically, plums are pilot tolerate winter, especially in the middle strip. But since their roots are located pretty close to the surface, it is desirable to protect the garden from strong frosts, sparing and rodents.

To this end, in the fall, wrap the root neck of plums with moss sphagnum, and as soon as the snow appears, he intensify it around the tree. If in the spring you for some reason have not been mulched by the rolling circle, in the fall, do not make it, but choose coarse materials that do not get mice by moral.

Do not forget to bloom to plum after the onset of stable negative temperatures - young trees with tender bark often suffer from Morozoboin. Credit with solar burns will help and wind the trunk paper or underfloor material.

11. How to get rid of the root row on the plum?

Plum is famous for the abundance of root row and its resistance. Of course, if you want to multiply the plum, these siblings will be useful to you. But if the number of trees in the garden is completely satisfied, then from the boosters it is necessary to get rid of the timely. She spends food and moisture, taking the force at the tree and reducing his fruiting.

Simple cut from the swords do not get rid - it will "eat" again and again. It is better to spray it with a 10% urea solution 2-3 times in sunny weather. The processes are "burnt", and new ones will stop appearing over time.

12. How to treat the plum from pests?

Many insect pests prefer to drain the rest of the cultures and actively eaten leaves, buds, flowers and fruits. They discover them, as a rule, quite late, so one, or even several yields can be lost on ignorance.

The most dangerous pests of plums and the fight against them

Description and photo of insects, which can leave gardeners without harvesting.

In prophylactic purposes, the plum is treated in a decreapply (early spring and late autumn) with a 3% burgundy liquid and a 5% urea solution.

If the pests have already appeared in your garden, plums must be sprayed with insecticides 3-4 times per season: before the renal dissipation, during the appearance of leaves, before the start of flowering and before the start of the ripening of fruits. Fufanon, karate, carboophy, actara, Mospilan, Calypso are well suitable for these purposes.

13. How to instill a plum?

If the young plum grown by you turned out to be insufficiently damned or gives tasteless fruits, it is possible to change its varietal qualities by vaccination. It is important to remember that the plum is put not on all cultures, but only on the plum, Alych and Apricot.

In addition, plum trees are very quickly aging, so making vaccinations on the plant older than 10 years does not make sense.

All you need to know about the vacuum of plum

Plum vaccination for you. Ensure yourself!

Plum vaccinations are carried out at any time of the year, but the autumn is the most risky and often ruins a tree.

Caring for the drain seems difficult only at first glance. After you master the main techniques and rules, trees in your garden will delight you with lush flowering and abundant harvest for many years.

Plum - the plant is rather unpretentious, so its cultivation does not cause special difficulties. To get a rich harvest, it is important to know how to fit the plum and care of it correctly.

Plum seed landing can be exercised in autumn or spring. Depending on the region, the landing timing varies. If, before the arrival of winter frosts, seedlings will be able to root normally, even in the cold season, it will be much easier to grow and develop.

In the first months after landing, a plum tree is characterized by high sensitivity. To increase the survival rate of the plant, it is important to adhere to repeatedly proven gardeners of the transplant technology: the autumn planting of the tree provides a higher survival rate.

The circumstances of the autumn planting give it some advantages over the spring:

• fresh landing material;
• thoughtful by the time the soil awakening began;
• low sensitivity to damage;
• lack of intervention during spring activation.

A seedling grown from autumn develops much better. Its fruiting begins for the season earlier than planted in the spring tree. It is also important that the removal from the nursery purchased in the fall of the seedling occurred at the time of the cessation of the vegetation: the reaction of the root system for damage during digging for transplantation is absent.

Separate seedlings can spend quite a long time from the seller. The tree for this reason even until the increase in the soil can begin activation of growth.

The viability of the seedling from this strongly weakens, it can begin its withering. As a result, the plant after the landing begins to hurt, may not begin and die. The cultivation of plums from the spring seedling requires pre-pulping of the tree.

Optimal time to plant plums - mid-October. In the spring it is recommended to plant a plum in the middle strip of Russia, since the young trees with autumn landing may not have time to fully graze and freeze in winter.

But if the climate is not particularly severe, the plum tree can be grown in the conditions of the middle strip of Russia. In this case, it should not be abused by feeders, which lead to an excessive breaking of the branches and provoke the root burn.

Choosing a better variety

For normal growth and development of a drainage tree requires certain conditions. The rate on the right grade increases wood survival and chances of a high yield.

Thanks to the operation of breeders, a large number of soil adapted for the various grades is derived. To raise a yield tree, you should choose the capable of survive under certain conditions of the grade of seedlings.

It is important for this to know which plum varieties are popular in your area. There is a chance to choose from ignorance a yield variety, unable to carry drought or freezing in the region.

Modern varieties are distinguished by a broad manifold. The most popular among them:

1. Belorusskaya - a small height of a rounded crown and a large sour-sweet fruit weighing up to 50 grams, begins to be fron at the 5th year from the moment of planting, at 10 years old yield reaches 30 kilograms from one tree.
2. Hungarian ordinary is a variety of plums with the average sizes of the tree and the fruit themselves. Fruit begins on the fifth year, fruit reach weights of 30 grams. The agricultural engineering of special requirements does not present a variety of frost resistance. In practice, the maximum harvest from one tree per season can reach 40 kilograms.
3. Hungarian Italian - medium growth tree with fruit weighing 30-40 grams. Perfectly retain the shape in warm weather, and in cold are susceptible to cracking. The crop is irregular: this variety is typical of early bloom, which at low air temperature leads to weak fertilization. Begins to be froning this variety for the 4th year.
4. Large-door - tall tree with a beautiful pyramidal crown and fruits of light yellow color with some redness. The size of fruit is impressive, weight reaches 65 grams. For about 4-5 years, the plum tree begins to be fron. From a 10-year-old tree, you can collect about 25 kilograms of fruits with excellent taste.

In the middle lane, insufficient winter hardiness prevents more intensive cultivation. It is for this reason that for planting and growing trees in this region it is important to select frost-resistant varieties.

Selection of place for landing

Before boarding plum, it is important to choose the best place for it. Do not forget that the tree will grow on it dozens of years, and future yield depends largely on it.

It is desirable that the useful substances of competitors do not grow near the soil. The landing site should be well covered with the sun, but it is allowed and the half. A sufficient amount of light is important for the ripening of fruit, so it is impossible to obtain full-fledged fruits in a complete shadow.

For planting plums will suit well-drained subliban wet soils rich in nutrients. Trees planted on cold, heavy, alkaline, acidic, overwhelmed soils are weakly developing, poorly fruit, often suffer from frosts.

Unsuitable for planting this culture dry sandy and saline soil, heavy loam. Clay soil prevents the penetration of plum roots outside the landing pit and in depth, their location remains superficial.

The drain refers to moisture-loving cultures, but poorly transfers excess moisture. The location of groundwater on the plot should not rise above 1.5-2 meters from the surface of the soil.

Preparation of soil

The soil on a plot that does not meet the requirements necessary for the cultivation of plums must be deeply overhaul, deposit mineral and organic fertilizers, sand.

For feeding the future fruit tree is well added to the soil overwhelmed manure. Earth processing for proper landing of plums should be carried out to a depth of about 40 centimeters.

Seat selection: what to pay attention to?

For landing, one- and two-year-old plum trees are suitable. When buying seedlings, it is necessary to carefully examine the root system, which should be well developed, and the root itself is as much as possible from the soil. Trees with sliced \u200b\u200btoo close to the barrel is not worth choosing.

The sapling must have a thickness of 1-2 centimeters or a little more. In order of exception, deviations are completely allowed: Saplings of some plum varieties even at the age of 2 years can be thinner than 1 centimeter.

In the fall, plums spread up after the cessation of the vegetative cycle, when the seedling prepared for the upcoming winter and completely dropped the leaves.

Plum landing technology

Compared to the spring, the autumnal landing of plums requires significantly less effort.

It is advisable to prepare the pit in advance, in a few days I dug a hole with dimensions of 60 × 60 centimeters and the same depth.

It is enough to make 3-4 kilograms of ordinary humor, mixed with land from the pit in a ratio of 1:10. At the bottom of the recovery is falling asleep near the bucket of such a mixture.

The trunk of the village during landing is lowered into the pit and installed on the top of the mound from the humus and the Earth, and the roots are evenly straightened along the skates.

After that, the hole falls asleep to the edge to the edge, and at the top for sealing the soil poured no more than 10 liters of water.

A seedling in a few weeks, before the beginning of the first frosts, it is necessary to provide protection against freezing. For this purpose, the flooded care is covered with straw and with a tarp, slate or sheet metal protected from moisture penetration.

To win the tree trunk itself, use a film or bag. Observe such precautions will be required only in the first year after planting a seedling. This will protect it from freezing, so that he will be able to root well in early spring and starts to actively grow.

Caring for the drain

Caring for the drain after planting to open soil is not different. When it comes to spring warm and retreating strong frosts, the tree must be discovered from the film or burlap, which the trunk and branches were wounded.

In the first year of life, the treatment of the tree is rather simple. The gardener must provide the right growth direction to the young plant. Next to the trunk for this, the stake is clogged to which the village is tied up. Plum specified in the first year of life The correct direction allows you to achieve an even trunk without inclination.

In the first year it is important to pay attention to the landing and watering of the tree, after which it will take care of it much easier. The tree growing on good soil can do without additional annual autumn feeding: you only need to carry out trimming branches in time, harvesting and cleaning fallen leaves.

Formation of the crown of wood is necessary for its correct development. Krone must have an average thickening, the top must be disclosed to illuminate internal branches. The optimal height of the tree is about 2.5-3 meters. When the tree reaches 2.5 meters in height, you need to gradually bend the central conductor into the eastern side, toning it to the branch below.

In the case of a high harvest and too much loading of fruit branches on a tree, it is necessary to strengthen their backups. The places of contact of the backups and branches you need to isolate the rag, the tale, pacles, or other soft gasket material. Otherwise, when damaged on the backup of the tree's crust may begin gaming.

ROCK

The rolling circle, whose size in plums should be at least 2 meters, requires careful care. The soil around the trunk must be regularly disappeared, timely removing weeds. The root pig is important to regularly irrigate: weakening the tree, it adversely affects the yield.

To slow down the formation of new shoots, remove the root piglets is recommended 4-5 times over the summer. The land around the tree should remain wet, complete drying should be allowed only before the next irrigation. This will serve as protection against the rotation of the root system.

Watering

Regular watering is one of the main components of good care of the drain tree. Periodic watering of a plum tree is recommended to start after the awakening of the kidneys.

In the spring-summer period, it is necessary to pour a plum of 3-5 times using 1 square meter of 3-4 water buckets. The intensity of irrigation directly depends on weather conditions, the duration of the ripening of fruits, the age of trees.

Watering the strongest is required by a tree after flowering, when the fruits are tied and increasingly grow zerovy. Also, plum especially needs to water after the bones are formed.

Mulching

After irrigation, the land must be closed with dry ground, straw or wood chips so that moisture is not lost from the subsoine layer.

Subordinate

To accelerate the cultivation of a plum tree in a period of summer drought when watering, instead of clean water, you can make a solution of chicken litter, prepared in the proportion of 1:20.

To reinforce the tree, only 10 liters of such a solution are sufficiently necessary for it. Drain every 2 months is recommended to water in such a solution, starting from the second year of life.

The trunk of the tree reached 5 centimeters indicates a sufficient development of the root system, thanks to which the plum can produce everything necessary for active growth on its own.

Plum multiply starts for 3-4 years: The first fruits appear on it. During this period, the tree pulls the useful substances from the soil. After the end of the fruiting, take care of autumn feeding to the next year to prevent the crop skipping.

For cooking, it will take 3 tablespoons of superphosphate, 2 tablespoons of potassium chloride and 40 liters of water.

Throughout the season, it is not recommended to use the same fertilizers. It is important to take into account that all fertilizers are quickly absorbed by wood in warm sunny weather. If there is a cold cloudy weather, then their absorption slows down and the plants need to be checked less frequently.

Positive affects the plum trees landing in the rich circles once every 2-3 years of Siderats: Facelia, mustard, wiki, winter rye. With autumn landing, which is held from 15 to 20 August, winter rye provides the root system to protect against winter damage and serves as a good green cover for soil.

In mid-July, summer sittings are planting. In the soil, the autumn sites close up in early May, summer - in the fall, when the period of flowering is coming.

Green fertilizers are very effective when leaving the trees: replacing the application of manure, they contribute to the improvement of the physical and nutritional properties of the soil, improving immunity, the development of the root system and the entire tree.

Trimming

In March, for the second year from the moment of plum transplant, the crown sanitary trimming is recommended. It is subjected to removal of the top of the central part of the trunk, which contributes to the cracking of the crown is not height, but in width. Harvesting as a result can be carried out without using a long staircase.

In addition, it is necessary to remove the fusing crowns growing inside, since because of insufficient lighting, the fruits will not be fully matured for them. As a result, they will become only a useless weakening tree by cargo.

After removing the branches, it is necessary to smear the sections of the garden to the garden, so that at the time of awakening the tree to the active growth to reduce the loss of juice.

The branches should be deleted at a minimum, since the sanitary trim can lead to a decrease in the active development of the tree. This is preferably not more than 1 time in 2-3 years.

Fighting pests and diseases

Great harm to plum trees cause diseases and pests. Full harvest cannot be obtained without regular and timely conducting protective events.

The fight against diseases and pests of plums, sanitary and preventive measures should be carried out taking into account the phases of the development of plants that coincide with the most vulnerable periods of pest development.

In the spring, until the kidneys were blocked, the pests overlooking the nests need to be removed and burn. In Krone and under the tree, it is necessary to collect and burn dried fruit.

Crowns are recommended to carefully clean the drug N30 using 500 grams of 10 liters of water. This spraying is directed to the destruction of the eggs ofphids and ticks, pathogens of fungal diseases, rosary leaflerting, fruit moth caterpillars.

To protect the trees from the larvae of leaf-pumping pests, ticks, Tly, the larvae of the sawers spend spraying through the white bud (from the beginning of the renal dissipation until the end of flowering) insecticides Aktara, Fufanon Nova, alatar, adding ABIG peak or Xome. All drugs are recommended to use strictly according to the instructions.

In summer, with a two-week interval, 3-4 spraying against ticks, plum fruzens, pathogens of mushroom diseases are carried out. To this end, the chorus is used (by 10 liters of water - 3 grams) or abiga peak (30 milliliters) in the complex with PhyTenerm and Fufanon-Nova preparations.

In the fall, you need to collect and burn dried leaves with pest nests that have fallen fruit. A competently organized system of protective measures in a complex with careful departure and the necessary agrotechnology helps to obtain a good crop.

Related articles Place for landing must be selected with good light and wind protection. The south side of the site is best suited. The interval in the landing between seedlings should be at least three meters. Single pits are best prepared from autumn. The depth should be at least half a meter, install the landing peg to which you perform the garter of the young tree. The root neck should be left for centimeters three above the level of the soil surface.

Description and species characteristics

Common varieties

If you are looking for a variety of sweet plums, you can safely appeal to the late. Many pros consider that it is among the later plots that you can find the sweetest representatives.

Drain varieties can be selected by studying the seedling, its generation and the method of cultivation, the adaptation period in this area and the quality of the variety itself.
There are other yellow drain varieties that can be grown in this region. For example, a grade derived by Michuurin "Renklod reform" is successfully grown in Velikoluk, Novgorod regions, in the suburbs of St. Petersburg. But it is necessary to plant it in protected places - it has insufficient winter hardiness. The tree grows the middle height (about 3 meters) with an empty crown. Dark green foliage, round, ovoid shape. The fruits are large (30-35 grams), the painting is yellow-green, the flesh is dense, juicy, sweet.

Unfortunately, the plum does not bypass the side of various attacks: diseases and pests. The most common of them are considered different types of tool (brown, scent or green), plum fruit. The mucous saw tailor also often as an uninvited guest on the plant.

Landing and departure in spring are different from autumn operations. The spring seedling begins to actively develop and demand careful events, while the plant planted in the fall has time to root and go to the rest of the rest.

The basic rule when choosing plums - the variety must be adapted to local weather conditions. Their diversity today allows you to most accurately choose a zoned variety of culture, the sapling of which is well rooted and quickly develops into a strong tree, which gives a harvest in the summer and not freezing in winter. Let us turn to the peculiarities of the cultivation of such a culture as a drain. Landing and care, followed by it, are very important, and it is the right actions during the regions of a seedling are necessary so that the tree is faster. To obtain good harvest, experienced gardeners recommend landing several different varieties to possibly recover them.

Frost-resistant varieties

The varieties differ in the color of the ripe fruit: the spine is egg yellow, red or blue. Special decorative is the yellow plum. Landing and care for it is not burdensome, the fulfillment of the main requirements of the culture will not make long waiting for the harvest.

Famous since the times of Egyptian pharaohs, the fruit tree of plum today is still loved by gardeners for excellent delicious fruits and amazing decorativeness, which can not just decorate the garden space, but to better improve it, giving a special flavor and elegant sophistication.

Choose variety

The roots of the seedling should be carefully strained, put in the hole and pour out the layer of land. Try so that there are no emptiness in the ground. After the first layer of the soil, it is possible to sprinkle with a refueling mixture, which will consist of a top layer of soil, humidiation, nitrate ammonia, potassium chloride, sand or gravel. Among the varieties we submitted, there are sour-sweet varieties of white plums, sweet varieties of blue plums, early and late representatives.

Requirements for the landing section

Renklod plum variety does not suit the daches that expect a good harvest in the first years of landing, such a variety will not happen, forgive me. But Rencode can show a very good late crop with large fruits, which will differ not only by external beauty, but also a great taste.

Preparation of soil

Excellent variety that shows the harvest in 2-3 years after landing. The fruits of the variety are large, weighing 35-40 g, are of excellent taste.

Naturally, each of us wishes to try a juicy and fragrant fruit of early, in the spring or early summer, and therefore we try to plant not only ordinary varieties of fruit on the cottage plot, but also early. In this section, we consider with you the most successful varieties of plums that ripen early.

Planting

Plum yellow varieties "Early Loschotskaya" refers to trees with good winter hardiness and yield. Actively fruit starts for 4-5 years (25-26 kilograms from a tree). Refers to samopidal varieties, therefore does not require growing a number of other varieties for pollination. Fruits has rounded, yellow-green, medium sizes. The pulp juicy, sweet, the bone is separated well. Ripen fruits after August 15 unevenly. Mature plums fall away, can be stored for up to 10 days.

Susceptible to drain and diseases such as a holey spotty and bacterial burn. Measures of struggle or prevention are publicly available and carried out using biological or fungicide chemical preparations. Spraying of trees is carried out in spring to the dissolution of the kidneys and under the winter.

Plum: landing and care. Pruning and its features

The first few years in young trees form a neat corrupt crown at a low trunk of 4-6 skeletal branches. Subsequently, they are thinned and truncated. Upon reaching 6-8 years of age, the central conductor is usually shortened, stopping the growth up and carrying it into the side branch.

At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the varieties of pollinators. Ideally, if the drainage of the drain, landed on the plot, will come in different times. As a plum - the tree is empty, then the minimum distance between plants in the landings should not be less than 3 m.

What you need to know about the rejuvenating trim

Hungarian with red-Borovye or iscin-purple fruits of oval shape, which is characterized by a dense scatter and excellent sahary pulp. The high content of sugars allows you to receive good quality prunes from Hungarian. The variety is superbly stored and transported. Varieties: Hungarian home, purple, Italian, ashanskaya, Burent early, Wangenheim, etc.

Subordinate

This thermal-loving culture, which has long grown in the southern regions of Russia, is currently successfully mastered by the moderate and northern regions of the country. This became possible due to the efforts of domestic and foreign breeders. New winter-hardy grades, withstanding a harsh climate of moderate latitudes, are very in demand in the market. Plum, landing and care for it, as well as the features of cultivation - the topic of this article.
The planting is completed by watering, during which one seedling is poured to four liters of water. After that, perform the mulching of the priority area peat, dry ground or humus.

Be sure to think about the fact that the varieties of plum pollinators will be needed on the site, or you just have to acquire samopidal varieties of plums.

Plum: landing and care. Diseases

July is a variety of large plum, the weight of the fetus of which sometimes reaches 50 g. Red with a purple plum with a dense and very sweet pulp.

syl.ru.

Popular Yellow Drains

Some yellow varieties are distinguished by high winter hardiness. For example, "Tatar Yellow". The trees of this variety grow medium height (up to 3 meters), Krona - spread. The leaves are small, light green, elongated egg-shaped, slightly pubescent. Blossom - later, after all frosts. Mortuary period - mid-August. The fruits are medium, amber-yellow, the taste is sweet with light sourness. This variety can be attributed to high-yielding (up to 30 kilograms from an adult tree), but for good fruiting, a joint growing of other types of plums is required ("Rakitov", "Sinegygian", "Renklod Tenkovsky"). These are the main aspects of cultivation of such a culture, as a drain. Landing and care, pests, diseases and the struggle with them, naturally, require certain costs of forces and time, but this fruit tree is a grateful plant that will respond to a generous harvest of excellent healthy fruits.

The Siberian, the most endless varieties of plums are growing faster than their southern fellow and dramatically lose their yield. Therefore, after 7-8 years of active fruiting make a rejuvenating trimming, removing shoots that have grown over the past three years. Exercise this work early in spring before the start of the cojoint.

The place for culture is chosen from the southern or south-west side of the site. This is an indisputable rule for all representatives of the species of plums. The thermal lifting of these crops is very high, so it is better to develop on gentle slopes from southern directions on the heated soil with good aeration. You can plant a plum along the fence on the sunny side or use as a living hedge. If the site is located in the lowland, it is recommended to land on hilly elevations up to a half-meter with a base diameter of up to two meters. It is very sensitive to the features of soils, plum, landing and care for which is simple, but necessary, prefers black-earth or gray forest soils with the structure of lungs of lungs, breathable and sufficiently moisture.

Mirabel - plum is very sweet to taste with a well separated bone. Her petty fruits, pointed at both of the ends, resemble Alych. The most famous varieties: Mirabel Naniskaya, September, small.

Today, more than 300 varieties are cultivated, and in this manifold not only the usual plants with fruit-bones of yellow, burgundy and purple shades. Plums include many species, and all of them - sprawle trees or shrubs, characterized by high decorativeness. In the spring, they surprise simultaneous and early bloom, when branches are completely covered with snow-white or slightly pinkish flowers, later - a blizzard of small petals, and at the end of the summer go down under the severity of the ripening harvest. And the fruits - juicy busty of various color and forms - do not leave anyone indifferent. These are the main characteristics of the fruit culture of the drain. Landing and care (photos of basic operations are presented in the article), their stages will be discussed below.

At the initial stage of life, the plum tree is growing actively. Therefore, in order to control the uniformity of the development of the branches, they should be shortened if necessary. An adult tree trim is carried out in order to remove branches that go beyond the previously formed crowns. Volchtovy process and branches located low are removed.

fB.ru.

What varieties are most suitable for giving

After studying the list of varieties and the choice of literally several, it does not matter whether it is a plum of prune or any variety of low plums, you must

Another variety of yellow plums, which is perfect for growing in its own area. Small fruits do not like everything, but high yield and frost resistance will delight professional summer residents. Drops of sorts ripen a little later than the early, but are able to please large fruits, excellent taste and juiciness.

How to choose the best plum grade for growing in the country area? Sweet and juicy plum is needed at each dacha, because it is one of the few fruit products that love absolutely everything. Today we will look at the best varieties of plums, among which you can always make your choice.

Early varieties of plums

Plum is a popular type of fruit trees in garden sites and giving. This is a fairly unpretentious plant has wide zoning, and excellent yields can be obtained not only in the southern regions, but also quite far in the north. To do this, you need to choose a variety. Especially good yellow varieties of drain - their fruits are almost

July plum

This type of trimming acts in different ways to different varieties of such a culture as a drain. Landing and caring for plantsPractically the same for all varieties, and to pruning should be approached carefully. If it does not cause a noticeable reduction in the crop due to the enlargement of fruits, then for varieties of Plum Karzinskaya is a radical operation that can lead to a loss of a significant part of the crop. To avoid this and on time to rejuvenate the tree, do this: in the first year weakened and sick branches are cut off, and the rest are shortened by the next year. This procedure may continue for 2-3 years, and after several years it is repeated.

Prepare the ground for planting in advance: a plot of 1.5-2 m2 is drunk on the shone of shovels, at the same time introducing high-quality organic and mineral fertilizers. Since the plum is better to plant early autumn, then the ideal version will be the spring resistance with the subsequent exposure of the area under the pure ferry before the landing. If it is planned to plant a culture in the spring, then the area should be treated two weeks before that moment. In conditions of temperate climatic latitudes, the plum is planted exclusively in the spring, and the soil is prepared from autumn.

Plum Golden Shar

Plum fruits are decorative and brightly painted. Gardeners usually impress the solar color of the fruits that give yellow plum. Landing and care for it does not differ from trees with burgundy and blue fruits.

The most popular varieties in the Russian garden are considered:

Plum zarechny early

In the first year, the growth of fertilizer should not be applied. But even a year later - use the mineral components in the form of potassium and phosphorus, which should be made in the fall. Nitrogen-containing are added to the spring season and after the flowering of the tree. You can feed the organic compositions in the form of infusion cowboat. If the soil has a high level of acidity, add ash or dolomite to it. It is necessary to water in such a way that the soil of centimeters to forty to depth was wet. In the first part of the summer season, it is enough to pour up to five buckets of moisture on the tree, and when the fruit is ripening, you can increase the dosage.

Examine and growing plums in the country, because the right agricultural engineering is the path to success.

Plum plowing

Sweet plum grade, which will appeal absolutely to everyone, especially if you draw attention to the appearance of fruits. Large, heart-shaped, dark burgundy plums will enjoy children and adults.

The middle-timed varieties of plum

One of the best varieties of yellow plums that can be grown in different regions. Round fruits, golden and yellow, pulp with a peach taste.

Souvenir East

Growing plums in the country does not take you a lot of free time

Lained acids and have a sweet honey taste. It is very important not only to choose a variety of drains, but also to choose the planting material. Plum saplings are preferably to buy in specialized nurseries - so you will have confidence that you have acquired the grade that was going.

Romen.

Since the plum is a fruitful culture, then for the restoration of power, it should receive high-quality food. The lack of nitrogen and potassium is hard to affect the health of the tree: a bright edge appears on the edges of the leaves and weakly pronounced mosaic appears, crops fall sharply.

Late varieties of plums

The landing pits are digging, focusing on the sizes of the root system: the roots should be conveniently located, without flexing to the top and not being constrained walls of the pit. The usual parameters are as follows: width - 0.7 m, depth - 0.5 m.

Greengage

Territory is one of the most endless crops from the kind of plum, capable of feeling well fruit in the most difficult conditions. It is a shrub or a tree with small dark-syso-blue fruits of specifically-tap and moderately sweet taste, perfectly suitable for billets and canning.

Rencode is a group that combines the varieties of home plum derived from the renod of green and having distinctive features in the title. There is a renclode collective farm, Tambov, Alta, Bav, etc. All of them are characterized by large juicy sweet fruits with a juicy and dense pulp and easily separated by a bone. These varieties are hardly transferred to transportation and are not stored long. Being a unique basis for the selection of many species, Rencle Green is valuable in that during seed reproduction, it retains all the features inherent in maternal culture.

Svetlana

Danger represents a plumal fruit. It affects plum fruits. You can fight with a dumping area under the tree, creating belts from burlap around the strabs, collecting caterpillars with hands. The driver is another problem. The soil is drunk, the sawmill shakes from the branches, a spraying of carbofos is carried out. Known to all the TRU to exterminate with chemicals.

The more correct name of this variety is white honey. It is called in the people of yellow, due to the color of the skin of the fruits of their pulp. The word honey remains without explanation - this is due to the peculiarities of the taste of plum fruit. But they are not so custodial, the presence of the oxygen shaves the taste of honey. The variety was led in Ukraine, it grows quite successfully in other areas. So, plum honey yellow landing and care for it.

When choosing plums for giving, be sure to check the question when you want to get the main harvest, and repel from this decision.

It is necessary to pay more so-taking plants. Many plums grow and so, without much care, but for this it is necessary to choose a high-quality seedling and the right grade, and provide a plant to the departure in the first years of life. Next can be devoted to plum much less time.

Yellow plums "Morning" have an average resistance to diseases and not very well tolerate the harsh winters, but in the spring are rapidly restored, however, after frozen fruit is bad. Actively give the fruits start at the 4th year (about 22 kilograms from a young tree). Plums grow large, weighing 26-30 grams, painting - greenish-yellow, taste - sweet with light sourness. The time of ripening fruit is the first decade of August. The variety is allowed to use in the central regions of Russia.

The best grades for landing and growing in the country (video)

The lack of lime leads to cracking of the fruit, and its excess to chlorose. In other words, feeding are needed. They have been found from the 3rd year of the plant's life. In the spring, 7-8 kg of humidiation or compost and 100 grams are distributed in the attractive circle of each tree. ash. During the growing season, the culture is maintained by complex mineral fertilizers, contributed to two receptions: before flowering and after it. The best are seedlings-one-air. Experienced gardeners argue that it takes faster and less susceptible to the diseases. Landing and caring in the fall are carried out like this: immediately before planting in the pit, a bucket of humidiation and half a cup of wood ash are laid. The absence of organics can be compensated by the introduction of mineral fertilizers - 200 g of superphosphate and 100 g of potassium, which are mixed with the fertile layer of soil. The seedling is located so that the root neck remains above the soil layer by 3-5 cm. The soil is being added evenly, periodically shaking the plant in order for the soil to go tightly and enveloped the roots, while not leaving air pockets capable of provoking the appearance of rot. Then the soil is sealing around and mulched around the seedlock. After 10-12 days, with the established dry weather, they watered them again, giving each young stern of 20-30 liters. Waterings are important for such a culture as a drain.

Plum landing scheme

Usually, Fertilizers

Landing pit digging and refueling also in autumn (80 cm width, depth 50-60 cm).

How to plant and grow a healthy and high-yielding plum?

When digging the upper fertile layer is placed separately from the lower low-grade. The pit on 2/3 is filled with a mixture of fertile soil and fertilizer (1-2 buckets of humidiation or compost, 2 buckets of peat, 300 g of granulated superphosphate, 60-80 g of potassium sulfate or 500-600 g of wood ash). On low-hydrogen soils, the size of the landing pits increase (100 x 60-70 cm), respectively increases the dose of fertilizers.

Pruning planted plum

Briefly about varieties

Growing

Diseases and pests

Briefly about varieties. Recent years, gardeners offer all new varieties of drain, each of them has those or other economic signs. In my garden, I have eight varieties and every good one is in my own way. One will say - the fruits are surprisingly sweet, most varieties have matured by August 20 and if the yield year, the branches are rushed with fragrant fruits. I use them into compote, jam, juice, but most of all I love to plum in a fresh form. The best varieties of Ussuri Plums: Altai Jubilee, Peresvet, Chealevskaya, Chealevskaya Yellow, Sinilga, Yellow Hall, Krasnoselskaya, Pyramidal and A number of others. Pluma, like the cherry, also requires cross-pollination, only a couple of different varieties of Plum Ussuriovsky gives a full-fledged harvest. Any combination of these two varieties listed above will give a crop. The fruits will be both at the same tree.

It should not be confused by the Ussuri sink with drain-cherry hybrids, unlike the first, they grow in a bush and possess under the conditions of the Novosibirsk region a reduced winter hardiness. According to my observations, such seedlings without snow are freezing, and under the snow are spoiled. Therefore, be careful when buying a sapling. Most often found on sale OPAT, Mairs, Beta, Amateur, and if such a seedling is purchased, it is necessary to take all measures to preserve a seedling in winter.

There are still varieties of Karzinsky plums, which are less common, they are significantly inferior to tastes of Plums of Ussuriyskaya. Kuluddinskaya, Stepnyachka, Bully, these varieties are sometimes found at the gardeners of the Novosibirsk region.

Landing. The seedlings drained when landing the vaccination place should be higher than the soil level by 2 ÷ 3 cm so that the vaccination spike is not drowned when the seedling is better fixed to a wooden peg driven into the landing point.

Growing. Plum - capricious culture. Ussuriyskiy plum refers to the most frost-resistant species in Eastern Siberia. It is withstanding frost to -45 ° C degrees. But in spite of high frost resistance, inexperienced gardeners often fail when growing plums. As with any other culture, she has its own characteristics in agrotechnology. First of all, all the Ussuri varieties of plums are committed to obtaining full pollination and the tying of fruits, in the garden it is necessary to have 2 ÷ 3 simultaneously flowering varieties. The most vulnerable point when cultivating plum is the choice of space on the site, on which 50% of success depends. For plum picks up a plot with a small occurrence of snow cover. Such places most often come from the southwestern sides of buildings or fences, where snow is blown away. This is due to the fact that the root cervix under the deep cover of snow at the end of winter under the influence of positive temperature and high humidity ripes and the tree dies. To prevent this, it is easier to warn this phenomenon. Experienced gardeners in addition to the correctly selected place, in the spring they smell snow around the plum or discard it. Those who do not have such an opportunity can take care of this from the fall, putting an empty barrel at the base of the trunk or the large stones of the goats are placed around the barrel. All this contributes to the early wrapping of the soil in plum and late thawing, which saves it from hearing.

The drain will bloom before all fruit cultures in mid-May, because of this, the flowers are sometimes damaged by return freezers so that this does not happen on cold days around the blooming plums you can breed smoky bonfires from raw wood sawdust or raw hay.

I do not advise you to deal with the Spring Spring plum. As a rule, this tree feels better without trimming. Only when boarding the seedlock is shortened by 1/3. In the future, it does not stand with the secateur at the plum, let it grow as wishes. Usually, a sampling tree grows from a plum sapling with an extended crown. Dry and broken branches are better removed in autumn.

Diseases and pests. In plums a lot of pests are the most important of which is aphid, contributes to the spread of Tsi black ants. Preventive measures to combat aphids are a very important task. In order to obtain a guaranteed crop drain, it is necessary to process decis, accility, sherpa 4 times a year. The first processing is early spring to the flowering and breaking of the kidneys, the second after flowering - the end of May began June, the third first - the second decade of June, the last treatment is carried out after harvesting in the fall on a sunny day during the massive summer of females of the Tley (end of August - the beginning of September). Processing with influence and decoctions of wormwood, onion husks, garlic with the addition of economic soap can be an additional prophylactic measure in the fight against the tool. It is especially important to pay attention to the timely processing of young seedlings and trees, since due to twisting the leaf of the toil plants may stop their growth and development and are very often dying. Satellite Tley is sent mushroomwhich develops on shoots and leaves of plants, it also slows down their growth and development. If you made this situation on your young trees, it is early spring for sleeping kidneys (the end of March - April) it is necessary to prevent the seedling treatment with a concentrated urea solution (carbamide) at a concentration of 700g to 10 liters of water.

Plum - cherry sawThe larva is introduced into the pulp of the fetus, feeds on the contents of the bone, after which the fruit becomes unsuitable for processing. During the period of mass summer, the butterfly of the peelers (it coincides with the period of mass population of plants tool) and prophylactic measures to combat aphids help get rid of the peeling machine.

How to put a plum on the plot

Also plum persisted moneliosua.

Main plum articles, landing scheme, how to prepare the soil, put it right and trim the plum

Plum, landing scheme, how to prepare the soil, put it right and trim the plum

Plum landing scheme

The trees of slaughter varieties of plums are placed in 2.5-3 m in the row, leaving 3-4 m between the rows; Trees of heavy varieties, respectively, 3-4 m and 4-5 m.

How to prepare the soil and pits for landing plums

Usually, soil preparation is carried out in October. In front of the resampling per 1 m2, it is added: 6-8 kg of humus or compost, 40-50 g of superphosphate, 20-30 g of potassium salt.

How to put a plum in the fall?

Fertilizers Close up on the depth of the bayonet shovel. If necessary, the soil lime.

Landing pit digging and refueling also in autumn (80 cm width, depth 50-60 cm). When digging the upper fertile layer is placed separately from the lower low-grade. The pit on 2/3 is filled with a mixture of fertile soil and fertilizer (1-2 buckets of humidiation or compost, 2 buckets of peat, 300 g of granulated superphosphate, 60-80 g of potassium sulfate or 500-600 g of wood ash). On low-hydrogen soils, the size of the landing pits increase (100 x 60-70 cm), respectively increases the dose of fertilizers.

How to put and trim the plum

In the spring of the plant with non-swollen kidneys are planted in the heated soil. Before boarding the roots, cut damaged and dry. From above on the boarding holloch in the pit, poured without fertilizers a layer of fertile soil with a thickness of 5-8 cm, paint the roots of the seedling and fall asleep soil without fertilizer.

In order for the root neck to be at the level of the earth's surface, after planting, taking into account the soil sediment, it should be located 4-5 cm above the surface. After frustration, the soil is slightly sealed, along the edges of the landing pit make a roller from the ground, 2-3 buckets of water are poured into the resulting hole. The seedling is tied up to the cooke of soft twine eight. After irrigation, the planting circle is covered with a humus, peat or semi with a rewind manure.

If the plot is replicated, the landing of plum seedlings should be carried out on the hilly or shafts.

Pruning planted plumFor annual seedlings without crown after the spring planting, the above-ground part is shortened to a height of 70 cm. When trimming, only the conductor is cut down with a crown with a crown. Do it so that after trimming it was 20-25 cm above the ends of the upper side branches. Two-year-old branch seedlings are shortened by 1/3-1 / 2, and their conductor must have a leading position. If there is a competitor, it is removed or shocked.

Landing plums in open soil in spring

The cultivation of plum trees on the household plot is always grateful work, because the crop will not make himself wait long. But to collect a sufficient amount of fruits will be only one who knows the rules for planting plums in spring, since it was during this period that the seedlings are the highest in the middle strip.

Terms of planting plum in spring

Ideal for planting plums in the spring in the open ground on the calendar is not found. After all, this cherished date depends on the ambient temperature, which is different in different years. But most often the landing of the seedlings are carried out in the early middle of April, when there are no frosts, but the village has not yet tried to grow.

No kidney or a small swelling is an important parameter to pay attention to. It is in this state that planting plants is optimal.

But if the leaves are ready to dismiss - landing work should be postponed until the next season or autumn.

How to plant a plum?

The main thing that you should pay attention to the landing is the right selected place. The tree should be located on the south side of the buildings, and not be shaded by other large plants. Very good if the site on which the tree is planned is a bit protected from the winds, because winter tumans can harm much more than growing in the shade.

It is necessary to dig a rather spacious pit to rooug the seedling, a depth of no less than 50 cm and about 50-70 cm diameter, depending on the size of the root system. It is very important when planting plums in the spring to make a set of fertilizers, which for a long time will provide a young tree with all the necessary trace elements. After three years, feeding should be repeated, but not earlier, since this number of fertilizer is enough for exactly three years.

The fertilizer layer, posted on the bottom of the pit, must be carefully covered with the ground so that the roots do not come into contact with the chemical components, otherwise the root system burn is guaranteed. Many experienced gardeners establish a landing plank in the pit, that is, the support for the young tree so that strong winds could not break.

Already after installing such a backup, the seedling is lowered into the pit and poured soil in such a way that no emptiness remains. It is not recommended to plunge the tree below the root neck. Then shocked the existing crown or part of the seedling for better rooting and the initial formation of the tree.

If the roots of plums before planting in the spring he dried a little, they are recommended to be mashed a few days in the water so that they come to the tone and sat down moisture. After planting a tree, it is necessary to pour well (at least 4 buckets). Such a tree, as a drain, is quite demanding to moisture, and therefore watering should be regular and then the crop will be excellent.

Spring plum landing

Plum is a fairly thermal-loving plant, so plum landing is precisely the spring is more preferable. After all, the saplings that were planted in the fall, most often do not have time to root before the onset of cold weather, and may die.

Many gardeners want to grow drain on their plot, but do not know how to put this tree in the spring. Plum is hardly the most capricious tree of all fruit. So let's try to figure out how to plant a plum in the spring, and in what care it needs.

Landing plums and care for her

Plum reproduces in several ways: vaccination, root pig, cuttings. You will not get a varietal plum from seeds. This method can only be obtained in diving - a tree, on the trunk of which can then be vaccinated the kidney or cuttings of the desired grade of drain.

It grows well and fruits this tree on fertile and loose soil. The place for her landing should be chosen solar and protected from the wind, and there should be no other trees nearby, which would have shaded a young seedling. A good option is to plant plums along the fence. However, remember that the drain does not like the moisture stagnation, so do not land it in places where the spring is stared with melting water.

How to plant the plum in the fall

Yes, and in low-spirits, it is not a place: since it blooms early in spring, then being in a low place, maybe more suffer from returnable frosts.

Place for planting a seedling should be prepared in advance. First, the soil within a radius of two meters from the future place of landing should be carefully populated. Depending on the variety you choose plums, dig a hole with a depth of about 50-60 cm, and a width of 80 cm to 1 m. Mix the ground from the pit with a humus and wood ash and pour the mixture to the bottom. In no case do not add any fertilizers to a pit that will stimulate the growth of the branches, because they can cause the root burns and the death of the plant.

In the middle of the pit it is necessary to install the wooden count. When planting a plum seedling, its root neck must be lifted over the soil level by 6-7 cm. Gradually, the Earth will fall, and the plant will be at the ground level. If you put the plum too deeply, then the bark on the trunk can begin to work, which will eventually affect the tree crop.

Plum seedlings Install from the northern side of Cola and soft twine freely bind it to the cola so that the distance between the barrel and the support was about 15 cm. Do not use wire or other rigid materials for this, as it can seriously damage the bark of the plant. The land around the seedling is well tampled in order to filled all empties in the pit. Then the soil around the seedling is well water and mulch the compost or peat.

Landing plums should occur according to the 4m x 2m scheme. You can plant trees where you want. However, remember that the minimum distance of three meters between them must be withstanding necessarily. At a minimum, on your site there should be two trees of plums of another variety for better pollination.

Features of growing plums

Plum is a very moisture-loving plant that transfers drought, perhaps even worse than frosts. Therefore, in dry weather, it is necessary to water the tree once a week. For a seedling there will be 3-4 buckets of water, and for an adult tree - 5-6 buckets. The main sign of the lack of water is cracks on the fruits of plums. However, remember that excessive moisture is also harmful to plum: the leaves are yellow and even die away.

A characteristic feature of plums is uneven fruiting: if this year you have gathered a great harvest, then next season, most likely it will be very scarce. To avoid this, you need to sharpen the fruits at least twice for the season: during their tying and in the ripening period.

In the forming pruning plum do not need. But the backups for their sprawl branches are necessarily needed.

Proper landing and timely care for the drain will allow you every year to receive a shame of these delicious and healthy fruits every year.

Home Literature Landing Term of Plum, Appliances Landing, Care

Duration of landing plum, planting technique, care

Continued ...

Plum flowers very earlyTherefore, it is planted in places sheltered from freezing, otherwise the fruiting will become irregular.

Drain demanding to soil. Heavy, acidic, swimming soils are not suitable. Plum is better growing on an elevated, well-lit place with light lighted soils. The level of groundwater on the site should be not higher than 1.5 m.

Best landing timein the middle strip - in the spring, in the south - in the fall. Distance between trees 2.5 - 3.5 m.

Plum saplings purchased in autumn, they cheat for the winter in the trench, put them in oblique and fall asleep the roots of the earth until half the stamps.

For planting sapling Pumping a hole with a width of 80 x 40 cm and a depth of 50 - 60 cm so that they are free to fit freely (completely) paved roots. In the middle of the pit before planting, it is poured, its top should be slightly lower than the upper side branch (Fig. 11).

The pit is filled on 2/3 by the upper layer of soil mixed with fertilizers (15 kg of compost, 300-400 g of superphosphate, 400 g of wood ash or 40 - 60 g of potassium chloride). The landing is carried out two people: one sets a seedling from the northern side of the cola, spreads the roots, and the other falls asleep with fertile land.

When landing The root neck should be 3 -5 cm above the soil level. The seedling is tapping to the cola with twine or film. Around the seedling make a hole and watered with water (1 -2 buckets), mulched peat or humus to save moisture.

The drain is very demanding on the power facilities. In the first year, fertilizer landing do not contribute. In subsequent years, it should be made in spring to 20 g of urea by 1 m2. Upon the entry of trees in fruiting, the number of fertilizers increases - by 1 m2 of the coil circle, up to 10 kg of manure or compost, 25 g of urea, 60 g of superphosphate and 20 g of potassium chloride are made. Potassium chloride can be replaced with 200 g of wood ash.

Urea apply only in spring, phosphoric and potash fertilizers - in autumn, manure and compost - autumn and spring. After making fertilizers, the priority circles are drunk. It is important not to damage the roots, so closer to the strains, the depth of the popple is reduced.

In a dry, hot summer trees should be water. In particular, frequent watering is needed when the garden is designed when grass is mounted five or six times per season and leaves in place in the form of a mulch.

10 important questions about the landing of plums in the fall

Before ripening fruits, it is necessary to avoid excessive and irregular irrigation, which can cause the cracking of the fruit.

With high yield branches with a large number of fruits back, as they can break away, are dangerous disease milky glitter and bacterial cancer.

Support the branches with ropes, tie them to the top of a high reference cola driven near the barrel ( fig. 12). Umbrella Chatalovka; All branches are adjusted with wire or twine towards