Gone are the days when the owners of summer cottages visited their country estates from spring to autumn. In the cold season, the houses were closed until the next season. Currently, an increasing number of our compatriots who have suburban areas are making their choice in favor of year-round outdoor recreation. Fresh frosty air, boiling white snow cannot but rejoice after a polluted noisy city. The opportunity to go skiing, take a walk in the snowy forest, and just take a break from the bustle of the city - everyone has different preferences and everyone can find something to their liking. In connection with the change of priorities, accordingly, the requirements for the arrangement of their country dwellings are also growing among the owners. Solutions to the problems of creating comfortable living conditions are becoming very relevant. And the primary question that confronts the owners: how and what to heat the cottage in winter, we will talk about this in today's article. Let's try to figure out what heating options exist and what advantages each of them has.
Home heating options
I immediately draw your attention to the fact that the classification that I will give is conditional. We will subdivide the options for heating a country house, based on the sources of thermal energy. So, based on the above signs, ways to heat a house can be divided into the following types:
- Stove heating
- Water heating
- Electric heating
- Alternative Methods
Now let's look at each option in more detail.
Furnace heating of a summer residence in the winter. Brickwork or metal potbelly stove?
Story Russian masonry oven is more than one century old. Since time immemorial, it has been the only source of heat for our ancestors. And even if someone considers the stove a relic of the past, I can tell you with confidence that this heating method is still quite relevant and very popular. This is especially true for those settlements in which there is no central gas supply. And there are many of them in our country.
Of the advantages that this method of heating a summer house has, it can be distinguished that, first of all, such heating is autonomous and does not depend on electricity or gas. There are no problems with the purchase of fuel (wood, coal). However, it will not be possible to quickly achieve the desired comfortable temperature. It takes time to fire and warm up the thick walls of the masonry. In addition, it is worth thinking about building a stove even at the time of the project of a country house, since a foundation is required for it. We will talk in more detail about the pros and cons of furnace heating in the next article. Do not miss.
An alternative to a brick stove for heating summer cottages in winter are metal stoves (potbelly stoves, buleryans). While maintaining the positive characteristics of traditional stoves (affordable fuel, autonomy, etc.), metal heating devices have their own advantages.
Unlike masonry stoves, metal stoves do not have thick walls that need to be heated. They heat up much faster and heat transfer, respectively, begins much earlier.
An undoubted plus, which should be noted, is the mobility of such devices. Does not require additional foundation. An excellent option for owners of ready-made country houses, in which, for various reasons, a heating system was not provided during construction.
If earlier the appearance of the bourgeoisie left much to be desired, now the variety of shapes and sizes is impressive. For every taste and for every purpose. You can even pick up a potbelly stove for a city apartment.
Of the minuses of such devices, I would note that without constant maintenance of combustion, heat is lost in them quickly enough.
Water heating in a country house
With the advent of a large number of different heating boilers, the water heating system is becoming increasingly popular. This system consists of several types of equipment that are interconnected in a closed chain. The essence of its work is quite simple: water is heated to the desired temperature in the storage boiler, enters the pipes, reaches the batteries located in the house, gives off its heat and returns back to the boiler.
Boilers can use a variety of energy sources to heat water.
Boilers are:
- Electrical
- Diesel
- Solid fuel
- Gas
One of the advantages is the possibility of automating the process, especially if we take gas and electric ones. Among the shortcomings, I will probably note that this method of heating requires constant operation of the system in the winter season, which is not always economically beneficial for those who come to the country house very rarely.
Electric heating: which heaters to choose for heating a summer house
I have already mentioned that the device of a full-fledged heating system makes sense if you spend a long time in the country in the winter. What about those who come once or twice a season? Most likely in this case it will be more profitable from the point of view of economy to use electricity for heating. And the best option that immediately comes to mind is a heater.
And then the next question immediately arises: “Which heater to choose?”. Let's dwell on this in a little more detail.
Heaters can be divided into 4 groups:
- Oily
- Convectors
- Thermal
- infrared
Oil heaters - due to their mobility, they are one of the most common devices for space heating powered by electricity. The principle of operation of the devices is based on the fact that inside the metal case there is an electric spiral and oil. The spiral heats up and transfers heat to the oil, from which the metal case is heated, and only then the air is heated. One disadvantage of such heaters that can be highlighted is that it takes a long time to reach a comfortable temperature. Plus, during operation, there is a strong heating of the surface of the radiator. You can’t touch it with your hand, which is not always convenient, especially if there are small children.
Work electric convectors based on the heating of air masses. The air passing through the heating elements becomes warm, rises, and cold air masses descend in its place. These heaters have thermostats that regulate the room temperature and automatically turn the appliance on or off. Low surface temperature. Convenient dimensions. True, while reading reviews on one of the forums, I noticed one message in which the author complained that when turned on and off, the convectors make a click. It can interfere with someone, to be honest, it doesn’t create any discomfort for me. One of the most important advantages I think is that the room heats up quickly enough with the help of such a heater. Of course, this is a definite plus, especially when I arrived at the dacha after a long absence.
fan heaters Perfect for heating small spaces. They heat up the room quickly, but make noise and burn oxygen.
Infrared heaters can be attributed to the most economical of all of the above. But their significant difference from other electrical appliances is that by radiating thermal energy they do not heat the air, but the objects that are nearby. Manufacturers recommend placing appliances on the ceiling, pointing to the place that needs to be heated, for example, above the workplace. Heat comes from them immediately, which is very convenient when you arrive at the dacha in winter. However, again, after reading user reviews, it is not very comfortable for a long time under the infrared heater.
How to heat the cottage in winter: a summary
Of course, within one article, it is very difficult to describe all the ways of heating a house. But still, I tried to reveal the main points for you. In conclusion, let's summarize briefly. When choosing a dacha heating option in winter, you need to take into account a number of factors: the area of \u200b\u200bthe room that needs to be heated, how often you visit the dacha in winter, and others. I hope that the information presented in this article will help you decide on the heating method that is right for you.
It will be about how to heat a summer cottage in the cold. That is, a house not adapted for winter living. This is exactly what I have, and I will share with you how I keep warm in it, coming to the country in winter.
We didn’t build a good big stove or boiler with radiators at one time (if you’re interested, here’s more about my house), and two small stoves - in the kitchen and in one of the bedrooms - although they are effective for these rooms, but they only require too much hassle: apply firewood, chop, then constantly monitor in time to throw fresh firewood to the burned-out firewood. This is very annoying, especially when you need to do something in the garden and do not want to be distracted. Yes, and you can just miss the moment for worries, and the stove will go out. In such a situation, electricity naturally comes to the rescue.
What I just did not try, heating my house in the cold season! It all started with ordinary oil heaters. But over time it turned out that they are far from being as effective as other new heating systems.
The thing is that the oil heater heats the air almost only near itself. Of course, convection occurs, the movement of warm air upwards and slightly to the sides, but such a radiator warms up the room as a whole for quite a long time. It can be considered useful if it stands somewhere next to you when you are working at your desk. And for heating, especially the faster one that we are talking about now, these heaters are hardly suitable.
In search of a solution to the problem of heating rooms in the country, I tried many different options. The solution with electric floor heating turned out to be very useful. Warm floor we arranged on the first floor: a heating cable was laid under the tiles. The sensations are pleasant and unusual: at a low air temperature in the room as a whole, you feel very comfortable. The feet are warm and the head is cool. The tiled floor with the laying mortar gradually warms up and keeps the temperature for a long time, gradually giving off heat to the room.
We made our “warm floor” a very long time ago, back in the “last century”, practically experimentally, and my husband did not believe in its effectiveness. So we "forked up" then only for half the amount of cable required according to the calculations for our premises. Yes, and the floor heating system is rather inert, it does not heat the floor instantly. Therefore, with the advent of frost, it is necessary to use additional sources of heating rooms.
It turned out that the best and fastest warms up the air in the room fan heater or "heat gun". Due to the forced air supply, an active circulation of the warm flow occurs throughout the entire volume of the room. The room warms up very quickly, but it also cools down just as quickly after turning off the appliance.
He also has a couple of drawbacks: he is quite noisy and consumes too much electricity - 2 kW. So I settled on small infrared heater.
It consumes at the maximum mode 1.2 kW. But for my small rooms, it is enough to turn it on in half mode if the temperature outside the walls of the house is about zero degrees or slightly lower. That is, a room of 16 m² is heated in the mode of 0.5 kW. This is enough to keep the temperature in the bedroom on the second floor with half-brick walls, insulated with mineral wool and sheathed with clapboard, around + 18 ... + 20 ° С, when the thermometer shows 0 ... + 5 ° С outside the window.
This photo is not mine, but I have exactly the same domestic production. And recently I purchased another one, similar, but Turkish, small, with a maximum power of 1.5 kW. It has 3 heating elements and therefore allows you to set the mode to 0.5 kW, 1 kW or 1.5 kW, depending on the heat demand.
Infrared heater with 3 heating modes
I install an infrared heater on the floor or a little higher - on a chair or stool - in the far corner of the room. Close to install it is inefficient, because then it heats up a small area in front of it strongly, while other surfaces fall into the shade and do not heat up. And unpleasant.
The infrared heater works on the same principle as our luminary - the Sun. Have you noticed how warm it is in the sun in spring? But one has only to go into the shade - and immediately freeze. This is because infrared radiation does not heat the air, but the surfaces, and they then give off heat. This is how the soil warmed by the sun gives off heat, and in the same way warmed walls, surfaces of furniture and floors give off heat indoors.
Infrared heaters must be handled carefully: they get very hot on the front side, and any object that comes into contact with it can ignite. The distance to flammable objects must be at least 40 cm. And in no case should this device be covered with anything!
I also have a couple of large UFO heaters - models with one large heating element. But I like them less: the lamp heats up too much, and there is no smooth adjustment of the incandescent power. The thermostats installed on them simply periodically turn on the lamp at full power, and then turn it off. Perhaps this is not important for heating the room, but when you are present in it, the sensations are very unpleasant: it irritates the difference from too much heat when the lamp is turned on to a sharp cold when it is turned off. Therefore, I chose a small heater with two heating modes for myself.
UFO heater. Photo from autocentre.ua
If you, like me, go to the country in winter and sometimes stay there overnight, it is worth buying electric mattresses or electric sheets. They allow you to warm up the bed well before going to bed. I turn on such a mattress, laid under a regular, not too thick mattress, some time before bedtime. He manages not only to warm up, but also to dry the bed, which will certainly become damp if the house has been empty and cold for a long time.
I do not dare to sleep with the electric mattress turned on. Once upon a time, grief almost happened to acquaintances: a blanket began to smolder from a malfunction of the heating pad, and the owner almost died. So I just warm up the bed well and then turn off the mattress. This is enough to keep you warm all night long. Well, if it suddenly gets cold, just turn it on for a while to warm up a little, and then turn it off again. Such a mattress or sheet consumes quite a bit - 40-60 watts.
This is how things are with heating in my country house now. But in dreams and plans - a device infrared space heating. There are many options: from heating panels to infrared film floors, laid just under the carpet.
Infrared panel. Photo from freemarket.kiev.ua
For the first time I learned about these systems somewhere in the year 2000-2002. I was at the international exhibition on heating and water supply and, passing by one of the pavilions, I suddenly felt a gentle warmth. Couldn't figure out where it was coming from. There were no heaters in sight. Only a very beautiful reproduction of Van Gogh's painting with his famous cypress trees. And next to the table, two handsome, narrow-eyed Korean boys were bustling around, handing out pieces of some unusual film to visitors.
It turned out that it was the same infrared film, which consisted of flat carbon rods connected to each other on both sides by a special flat copper bus and sealed between layers of transparent plastic. And just such a film was hidden under a wonderful warm picture on the wall. What I later learned about this heating system impressed me very much.
Infrared film systems work according to a special principle. They do not just warm up, for example, flooring (tile, linoleum, carpet), like most other floor heating systems. About 90% of infrared radiation is in the far range. These heat rays penetrate the floor covering, pass further and heat objects that fall into their field of action. Including the human body. Unlike other room heating systems, the infrared system is not afraid of drafts - after all, it is not the air that warms us, but the rays. It does not dry the air and even additionally ionizes it.
Judging by the numerous publications of the results of research conducted by various reputable institutions, infrared heating system is also very useful. She, like the sun's rays, not only warms, but also heals the human body. Without the Sun, its long-wave radiation, there would be no life on Earth. These rays are even called biogenetic. It is well known that the absence of sunlight for a long time negatively affects our health: immunity falls, we are overcome by diseases, and our health worsens. Our body needs a constant supply of long-wave heat.
A sick heart, kidneys, impaired blood circulation, colds, sore joints, excess weight, cellulite, skin burns, reduced immunity, digestive problems, nerves, injuries, skin diseases - all this, as the researchers write, successfully treated with infrared radiation. And some US scientific laboratories (O&P Medical Clinic, Infrared Therapy Researches) even report the effectiveness of far infrared radiation in destroying certain types of hepatitis virus, reversing cirrhosis of the liver, inhibiting the growth of cancer cells, treating psoriasis, increasing the production of own insulin in diabetics and neutralizing the effects of radiation. irradiation.
I purchased a small infrared film mat to heat the floor in the kitchen. Before that, in order to keep my feet warmer, a sheet of penofol was simply laid between the homespun path and the cold tile. I laid a film heater on it, and on top - a track. The kitchen has become much more comfortable. Now the cat loves to sleep there. And these animals, as you know, will not lie down to sleep anywhere
Infrared films are laid not only on the floor, but also make warm walls and ceilings, which are mounted behind the inner lining. It might look something like this:
This is how infrared heating works. Photo from ultra-term.ru
In addition to infrared heating, for myself, as an option, I also consider installing "warm skirting boards". These are narrow and long electric heaters of various systems (water and electric), which are installed at the bottom of the walls, preferably around the entire perimeter. By the way, skirting systems also come in the form of an infrared narrow film.
The peculiarity that determines the effectiveness of the use of a plinth heating system at home is that such a heater installed along the perimeter of the room at the very bottom of the wall creates a heat shield that extends from the bottom to the top of the entire wall. This prevents indoor air from being cooled by contact with cold walls. The cold from the walls and windows does not penetrate the room. And the walls are warmed up, freed from moisture. And dry walls take heat out less, and they themselves begin to radiate heat into the room.
Such a plinth is just a godsend for a newly built house with damp walls. It will help to make corner and end rooms warm. It prevents condensation very effectively, especially on large windows, such as on a balcony, in a greenhouse, conservatory, basement wall.
Our family already has experience in using baseboard heaters. My son's apartment has a large floor-to-ceiling stained glass window that was a constant source of cold. The oil heater helped modestly - the window is very wide, and it heated the air in only one place. After installing two such plinth heaters (1 m long and 180 W each), which are very simply attached directly to the window frame, the situation has changed radically.
Warm plinth under the window
Dacha is a great place to spend time with family and friends. You can even live on it in the summer. However, some prefer to rest in their summer cottage, not only in the warm season, but also in the cold. This is where many summer residents have the question of how to ensure heating of the dacha in winter without electricity, because it is far from always possible to tie the heating system through electrical equipment.
How to heat a country house
Currently, there are many ways to heat a country house. When choosing one or another heating scheme, some subtleties should be taken into account. Since country houses were built in different time periods, the building materials that were used to build them may differ from each other. Someone spent a lot of money on the construction of their country house, fully raising a full-fledged building, and someone's cottage cost a penny, but at the same time it is not suitable for permanent residence.
The heating of a country house largely depends on the building materials that were involved in the construction of the premises. If you use heat-resistant panels, plates, then heating will be much easier to arrange than when arranging a dilapidated building.
In addition, when choosing a heating system, it is necessary to take into account the presence of communications. As a rule, most holiday villages are located in remote places from centralized gas pipelines.
When choosing how to economically heat a summer house in winter, it is also important to take into account the fact that there is the nearest source of coolant. So, the house can be heated by coal, firewood, diesel fuel, etc.
The most popular type of fuel in Russia for heating country, village and even country houses was and remains firewood. Firstly, their price is lower than any other alternative fuels, and secondly, such resources can always be at hand.
VIDEO: Electric heating. Inexpensive way to heat your home
Varieties of heating systems
Cottage heating options are classified depending on the coolant:
- air;
- steam;
- electrical;
- water.
In addition, heating units are grouped based on the type of fuel:
- liquid fuel - diesel fuel, diesel fuel, etc.;
- gas heaters for summer cottages;
- solid fuel - firewood, coal, pellets, etc.;
- heating the country house with electricity.
Each of these methods of tying the heating block has its pros and cons. If we talk about the price, then the most expensive will be a liquid-fuel heating installation. Whereas the gas boiler will become the cheapest heating system for a country house. However, as mentioned above, not all villages have a centralized gas pipeline.
In addition, the choice of heating system for a country house is also influenced by the seasonality of stay in it:
Summer option
A fairly large number of country houses were built from wooden saw cuts. The wall coverings of such premises are not capable of retaining thermal energy inside the structure for a long time. Therefore, if the cottage is not heated, the temperature conditions in the room will be almost identical to street indicators. Wooden buildings can be quickly heated using electric heaters or stove equipment. In this case, you will need to carefully insulate the facade of the building, as well as use a powerful heating unit.
All season option
Structures that are planned to be used regardless of the time of year are prepared for low temperature conditions even at the design stage. A person who lives in a country house throughout the year certainly made sure that his home was equipped with all the necessary communications. In such a room, at least light and water should be provided. Summer models, as mentioned earlier, are mostly built from wood or panel panels, while the construction of capital-type buildings should use concrete slabs, bricks, cinder blocks and other building materials that are identical in functionality. And if your country house has the above communications, then an electric boiler will be the most suitable way to install a heating system. In the absence of electricity, gas-balloon heating or other alternatives can be used.
Stove heating
If you don’t know how to heat a cottage in winter without gas and electricity, then you will probably be interested in such an option as a cast-iron or steel stove. The first model is more preferable due to some of its features:
- durability;
- long-term maintenance of the temperature regime;
- heating speed.
When considering furnace heating, it is necessary to take care of the chimney in advance. Indeed, without this structural element, the heating unit simply will not function.
The disadvantage of a furnace heating installation is the systematic laying of fuel resources. And if the fuel is not filled in time, the fire will go out and the stove will have to be re-ignited. In addition, there is a need for regular cleaning of the furnace from the decay products of the fuel.
For stove heating, the best material for the firebox is beech, oak or hornbeam. Whereas spruce and pine will not provide the temperature conditions necessary for a full-fledged living.
An excellent option for giving will be the good old potbelly stove in a modern design. An easy to use stove that does the job perfectly.
At present, the technology of long-burning boilers has been developed. Their work is based on the principle of pyrolysis, when firewood or any other solid fuel burns at a low temperature with the simultaneous release of pyrolysis gases. They are discharged into a separate chamber, where they additionally burn out with the release of heat. On the one hand, this significantly increases the efficiency of the boiler - almost up to 85 and even up to 90%, on the other hand, the burn-out time for one firewood bookmark reaches almost 8 hours.
Gas heating
Tying using a gas boiler is the most profitable and easy-to-use way to heat a home. However, this option can be used if connected to a centralized gas pipeline. Gas heaters are considered the most efficient, since they are able to warm up the temperature in the room in a fairly short period.
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If there is no connection to the gas pipeline, you can easily connect the heating unit to gas cylinders. Despite their simplicity, such devices are no less popular than stationary heaters that are identical in functionality. But at the same time, they can be easily transported from place to place. It is for this reason that gas-balloon heating equipment is considered autonomous.
It is possible to perform piping of a gas thermal circuit using natural or forced circulation of the coolant. So, if you have a one-story house, then a system with natural circulation will be quite enough to provide the necessary temperature conditions in the room. While a two-story house heating device will require a more powerful system, for which you need to use a centrifugal pump.
Infrared heating device
The most primitive way to warm up a country house. To do this, you only need to purchase a heater, place it in a room that needs heating, and connect it to a storage device. These heaters, as a rule, have compact overall dimensions. They can be placed not only on the floor, but also on the walls, and even on the ceiling.
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Infrared heating systems are alternative heating sources that can operate for a long time from electric storage devices. All that is required is to regularly check the performance of the battery and charge it from time to time, for example, from solar panels.
There are many alternative heating methods that allow you to heat your home efficiently and economically. Among these are geothermal heating, where the heating of the house is carried out at the expense of natural resources - water, light and earth. Electric convectors, solar collectors, air conditioners, etc. - all these are ways to create a comfortable temperature in the house.
Which one to choose - depends only on financial capabilities. We hope our advice will help you make the right choice and give your preference to the most profitable and efficient heating unit.
VIDEO: What is cheaper to heat a country house?
Holidays in the country for many of us is a key aspect of the summer period. However, today a dacha is no longer just a place for seasonal recreation, but in most cases, a solid capital building that can accommodate residents at any time of the year. Even at the design stage of a country house, many of the owners of suburban areas are trying to provide for possible options for organizing heating of a residential building. In a dacha cooperative, which is usually located within reach of the city's transport infrastructure, most summer residents are trying to find an acceptable way to make heating for their dachas.
Today, the problem of heating a country house remains relevant, so it's time to consider options for organizing the system in the country on your own.
Choice of heating system. What needs to be focused on?
The heating season is an important part of city life. Another thing is when we try to spend more time in the countryside, despite the changing seasons. To make heating for a country house means to turn your own cottage into a cozy home, designed for year-round living and frequent visits. The complexity of the issue lies elsewhere. Which heating system to choose? How real will it be to organize heating for a summer residence with your own hands.
The first step, on which your choice depends, is an assessment of the technical condition of the country house. Here it is important to take into account every detail, without losing sight of the smallest details and nuances, namely:
- what building material was used to build the cottage;
- assessment of the remoteness of the country house from the nearest engineering and technical communications;
- availability of available energy resources.
These factors will allow you to make the right choice on which autonomous heating system to stop.
The choice of heating option is largely influenced by the size of the cottage. The larger your house, the more energy resources you need to fully heat the interior spaces and, accordingly, the heating costs look more significant.
Do-it-yourself effective heating of a summer house at minimal cost can be done if the house is small and your visits to the summer cottage mainly occur in spring, summer and autumn. The best option in this situation would be. Rare inclusions and small internal volumes will allow you to effectively use electricity for heating. The costs in this case will be negligible.
For a country house, convectors and fan heaters are usually used. Many inhabitants of dachas actively use oil radiators during the cold period. All of these devices are local sources of heat and can be easily transferred from one room to another. As the best option with electricity, infrared heaters can be distinguished. With a minimum of energy consumption, a high thermal effect is achieved.
As an alternative to electricity, convection ovens are perfect for a small country house. Such heating units are efficient and economical. One load of solid fuel can be enough for the entire period of your stay in the house, especially since such heating is absolutely independent of the energy supply.
Important! If you want to equip your cottage with electric heaters, you must take into account the power of the electrical wiring in the house. It is desirable to have a switchboard and a power cable designed for a voltage of 380V. For convection ovens, a specially equipped place is required, equidistant from the walls and having non-combustible linings underneath.
Trying to preserve the aesthetics of the interior, many of us prefer fireplaces and stoves. Such heating options are suitable for short-term heating of a small house. From a purely aesthetic point of view, it is convenient to use briquettes, but this heating option is short-term, solving a local problem. It is necessary to constantly add fuel to maintain a comfortable temperature. In addition, the quality of heating may be affected by the insufficient thermal efficiency of the building itself.
An option with a fireplace or stove can be considered if there are no power lines in the neighborhood, there is no problem with firewood or other solid fuels.
Worth paying attention! If your main fuel for a fireplace or stove is wood, coal - there is a high probability of entering the interior in a large amount of combustion products, soot, soot and CO 2, which can affect the level of comfort. The correct equipment of the hood and chimney can solve the problem.
For example, we can give the two most common options for a fireplace stove:
- fireplace, the pipe of which has a section of 100x125 mm;
- fireplace with a rectangular chimney, dimensions 150x50 mm.
In order to achieve the desired effect during the operation of a fireplace with a closed combustion chamber, you will need 8 cubic meters to burn 1 kg of firewood. meters of air. The combustion process and the quality of heating in this case directly depends on the condition of the duct.
For owners of large country houses, which are designed for a large number of inhabitants and can be suitable for year-round living with the appropriate equipment, it will already be an order of magnitude more difficult to make heating in the country with their own hands. Here you have to think about other options for heating a country house.
If the cottage is large, what solutions to the problem exist?
Your dacha is your second home, you spend a lot of time in it, the level of domestic comfort requires constant maintenance of an acceptable temperature, hot water supply and constant operation of household appliances.
In this situation, it is the best option, especially if the gas main runs close to your site. If there is no gas, you can limit yourself to autonomous heating using solid fuel and electric boilers. To date, there are models of boilers that are effective when working in such conditions, provide heat and comfort to fairly large suburban residential buildings.
Installation of a summer cottage heating system begins with the development of a project. In each individual case, it is necessary to calculate the most appropriate power of the heating unit, which can cope with the tasks. By submitting an application to the gas industry, you will receive the necessary technical specifications, which are already the basis for the development of the project and the preparation of cost estimates.
The first task is to establish a source of energy supply. You decide for yourself how to heat your home, use either electricity or give preference to gas. You can stop at solid fuel boilers. The main task is to make with your own hands the most autonomous heating system, independent of external factors.
On a note: liquid fuel boilers for heating private residential buildings are ineffective due to excessive domestic pollution of the surrounding space.
Installing a gas boiler, installing heating for your summer house, including laying pipelines and connecting heating radiators, you will have to decide these issues yourself. The supply of a gas pipe to the boundaries of your site is carried out at the expense of the energy company. In accordance with the new rules and procedures for connecting gas to private households, the connection procedure itself has been greatly simplified. No more than 3 months must pass from the moment of submitting the application for connection.
The new procedure applies to the category of summer residents who spend no more than 5 m 3 of gas per day on heating and household needs. According to preliminary calculations, this volume is quite enough to heat a house with an area of 200 m 2, including hot water supply and the use of a household gas stove.
Do-it-yourself heating of a country house using gas from the central gas pipeline is a convenient, practical and economically sound solution. As a win-win option, you should stop at an open-type heating system. For a small country house, even a two-story one, this option is very convenient, since the circulation of the coolant is carried out in a natural way. You yourself can lay pipes under a slope, and a difference of two floors will ensure the normal functionality of the heating system. The diagram allows you to roughly imagine what the heating system in your country house will look like.
Forced circulation is more practical, however, in this situation, electricity is required to operate the pump. In winter, especially in bad weather outside the city, power outages are not uncommon. When connecting the system on your own, you must follow the instructions and the project, otherwise the heating may be inefficient, and fuel consumption will increase significantly. The best option is to invite gas specialists for heating equipment in the country.
The power of the heating boiler is determined approximately, at the rate of 1 kW of heat per 10 m 2 of the area of \u200b\u200ba residential building. The resulting number is multiplied by a coefficient that is approved for each region of our country. So for the southern districts the coefficient is from 0.7 to 1.0, for the regions of Central Russia the coefficient is 1.5. For the northern regions from 1.5 units to 2.
An alternative source of centralized gas supply, when your dacha is located far from infrastructure facilities, is a gas-cylinder installation.
How to make heating in the country, if you have the funds, and the technical capabilities of the cottage satisfy the technical conditions of the heating system, the answer is simple and clear. You can always find the best option if you competently and economically justify the solution of the problem. Electricity, wood or coal, gas, in any case, you get a source of heat for your dacha. Another question is how the chosen option will meet your needs, whether the economic effect will be achieved.
To get a more complete picture, you should familiarize yourself with the economic parameters of using various types of fuel for heating. The data is shown in the table below:
A country house should always be heated, regardless of whether it is seasonal housing or year-round living in it. If you plan to stay in winter, then capital heating is necessary, if seasonal - heating is possible only with electrical appliances. In any case, it is important to consider options for creating heating in the country with your own hands.
The first step is to decide what the heating system will be used for. The main task, of course, is to heat the country house, maintain a temperature that is comfortable for living. Besides, heating can be used in the country for:
- baths or water heating for showers;
- cooking and boiling water;
- drying fruits and vegetables for the winter;
- drying things and shoes needed in the damp autumn or spring.
Heating in the country, the choice of energy sources and the installation of the heating system depend on various factors. These are communications brought to the house (water, gas, electricity), and the plan of the house, and the building materials from which the building was erected, and the number of residents, and the frequency of visiting the summer cottage.
There are several options for the heating system at home, depending on the energy sources used in the house:
- gas heating;
- electric heating with or without water heating;
- wood stove, fireplace;
- heating boilers;
- solid fuel or light fuel heating units.
The most economical and efficient option is gas boilers. But the savings are manifested only with year-round use. The gas is burned and converted into thermal energy in a gas boiler, which, using a pump, supplies the heated coolant to the heating radiators. The gas equipment is fully automated and equipped with a control system, so you can not be afraid for the country house during your departure.
To connect to the central gas main, you need to issue a lot of permits, install a meter. All this requires certain costs and time.
If it is not possible to connect to the central network, you can use gas in cylinders. But at the same time, you need to constantly monitor the fuel level and periodically change it.
A group of cylinders is connected to the boiler through a reducer. This design is the most economical. If it becomes possible to connect to the central gas pipeline network, then it will not be difficult to do this, you just need to slightly re-equip the system. But even such a connection scheme needs permission from the gas service and the connection of the meter. If this is not done, then unauthorized connection will result in large fines for the summer resident.
Another way to heat a house is electric. This option is not the cheapest, but the most affordable - there is electricity in every home. Electrical equipment has a compact size and fits perfectly into the interior of the house, and the installation and maintenance of such a system requires a minimum of time.
An economical option for heating a summer house - an electric boiler with water heating. You can also install a separate piece electric heater in each room, but this will certainly come out more expensive. Water heating works on the same principle as gas heating.
Heating the cottage with an electric heater is not the best option, because you have to heat all the rooms at once, and this will lead to a large consumption of electricity. So let's consider a more economical option - electric boilers.
Both ordinary water radiators and the “warm floor” system can act as electric heating. Electric boilers are silent, do not emit smoke, combustion products and smell, have any level of safety - fire, electrical, chemical, etc. And also it does not need to obtain permission to connect the system.
The disadvantages include high power consumption. The power of electric boilers usually reaches 3.5-7 kW, electric heaters 1.2-2 kW. For them, you need to build a separate electrical panel, connect RAM and other devices.
There are many alternative heating options for electric boilers and electric heaters. Some of them may be more economical, but almost all of them are used periodically - when residents come to their summer cottage.
One of the most profitable options is infrared emitters. They heat objects in the room, which then give off heat. Walls are also included in the number of objects, which helps to heat a large area. Most often, such heaters are installed closer to the ceiling.
Electric fireplace. It will not be difficult to install it, and, moreover, it does not require special permissions, skills and knowledge. You can place it in any room without restrictions. The main advantages of electric fireplaces:
- no need to build a chimney to remove combustion products;
- do not require a lot of space, because they are built into the wall;
- in summer you can enjoy imitation of fire;
- there are many models of fireplaces suitable for different interiors;
- mobile, can move to any place (for example, after repair);
- the power consumed by the fireplace, as a rule, does not exceed 2 kW.
Heating convectors. This type of heating can be used in any premises, has small dimensions and original design. The design is very simple, making it easy to install and maintain. They evenly heat the air in the room, which does not require a lot of energy and helps to save. You can create a system of convectors to provide heat to the entire country house.
The price of a convector fluctuates on average around 3 thousand rubles. It has a thermostat and a heat sensor, due to which the high-quality operation of the device is ensured. The maximum heating temperature reaches +80 degrees. The device is completely safe, so you can not be afraid to get burned.
Alternative heat sources include water convectors. They are of three types:
- wall. The most popular option. It is light in weight and therefore can be attached anywhere.
- floor standing. The only difference from the wall-mounted ones is the mounting of the device.
- Embedded. This model solves two problems at once - heating and design.
Oil electric heaters. Such devices consume electricity more than others, because they have a large heating inertia. But they also cool down more slowly than other electrical appliances, while they do not consume electricity. There are mobile and stationary versions of the device. They are most often used to warm one room. In many radiator models, there are several modes of operation with which you can adjust the intensity of heating.
Electric ventilation devices are a great option for heating a room. They are quite cheap and quickly warm up the room due to the air that is supplied from the spiral with the help of a fan. The disadvantages of the device include drying the air and noise.
Such heating of a country house can be called one of the most reliable options. It can be used as the main and additional type of heating. It is not necessary to bring the mains to the furnace - you only need to take care of the supply of coal and firewood. If there is no electricity in the country, then the oven will help to cook food, heat water and even bake bread.
Depending on the size of the room, you can choose the oven you need in terms of size and material. You can also fold a brick oven with your own hands, which will have a compact size and elegant design. If it is not possible to build a stove yourself, you can purchase a ready-made option - a cast-iron stove. Both brick and cast-iron stoves can have different functions:
Summing up, we list the advantages and disadvantages of stove heating of a summer residence. The advantages include:
- autonomy of the installation;
- low fuel price;
- profitability;
- constant readiness for operation;
- the ability to cook food and heat water;
- installation can be done by yourself.
The main disadvantage of the furnace can be called the fact that it constantly needs to be monitored and periodically loaded into it with fuel. Other disadvantages of the design include:
- The efficiency is much lower than that of boiler heating;
- it is important to periodically service the stove, for example, to clean the chimney;
- a brick oven takes up a lot of space and requires some experience to assemble it.
Boilers running on diesel fuel, kerosene or fuel oil cannot work independently, they must be connected to a liquid heating system with batteries and radiators. It is also necessary to equip a separate fireproof and ventilated room for the boiler room.
Liquid fuel boilers are single-circuit and double-circuit. One circuit is used to heat the cottage, the second heats water for domestic needs. According to the design of ZhT, boilers are wall-mounted or floor-mounted.
The floor installation has large dimensions, so it is better to install it in a separate room. In addition, such an installation makes quite a loud noise. Wall-mounted equipment is smaller and can be located in the kitchen, and additional appliances can be used to suppress noise.
Solid fuel appliances
Such equipment runs on solid fuels: coal, wood, briquettes, shavings, peat, etc. It has become popular recently due to the rise in price of other heat sources and the rather low price of solid fuels. Solid fuel appliances work in conjunction with a liquid heating system.
The advantages of such devices are low price., ease of maintenance, the possibility of using cheap raw materials. The system works autonomously and safely, and one batch of fuel burns from 17 hours to 2 days.
Negative properties - low efficiency, a constant supply of raw materials is required, which must be stored in a separate building. In addition, it is necessary to constantly clean the chimney and combustion chambers from soot.