GOST 190-78
This standard applies to Oksol drying oil, obtained by oxidation of vegetable oils, followed by the introduction of a desiccant and dilution with white spirit.
Application:
Drying oil is used for diluting thick-grated and thickened oil paints for impregnating wooden surfaces before painting.
Brands and specifications:
Depending on the raw materials used, the Oksol drying oil should be produced in the following grades:
V- from linseed oil; intended for dilution of thick-grated oil paints used for external and internal coatings, with the exception of floor painting.
CM- from a mixture of linseed or hemp oil with sunflower oil (the content of linseed or hemp oil in the mixture must be at least 70% in relation to the content of the film-forming substance, that is, to the amount of oxidized oils and oil drier introduced into the drying oil); It is intended for diluting thick-grated oil paints used for interior coatings, with the exception of flooring.
PV- from sunflower, soybean or camelina oil; intended for diluting thick-grated oil paints used for interior coatings, with the exception of flooring.
Composition:
- linseed oil in accordance with GOST 5791-66, refined, neutralized;
- hemp oil in accordance with GOST 8989-73, refined;
- sunflower oil in accordance with GOST 1129-73, hydrated;
- soybean oil in accordance with GOST 7825-55, hydrated;
- camelina oil (technical) in accordance with GOST 10113-62, refined;
- white spirit for the paint and varnish industry in accordance with GOST 3134-52;
- fused oil driers: lead, manganese and cobalt or lead-manganese and cobalt.
The drying oil recipe is approved by the Russian Ministry of Food Industry. In terms of physical and chemical parameters, Oksol drying oil must comply with the requirements and standards specified in the table.
Requirements and norms:
Indicator names | Standards for brands | Test methods niy |
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V | CM | PV |
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Color in mg of iodine, no more | 1076 | 827* | ||
Conditional viscosity at 20 ° С: | GOST |
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according to the VU viscometer in conditional degrees according to the VZ-4 viscometer per sec. | 18-22 | 07-10 | 6258-52 |
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19-23 | 07-12 | 19-25 | 8420-74 |
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Acid number in mg KOH, no more | GOST 5476-64 |
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54,5 - 55,5 | 54,5 - 55,5 | 54,5 - 55,5 | ||
Sucks in vol. %, no more | ||||
Transparency | Full | |||
Pace. flashes in a closed crucible in ° С, not less | GOST 9287-59 |
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Drying time in h, no more | ||||
Flexural strength of the film on the flexibility scale in mm | GOST 6806-73 |
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* for drying oil "Oksol" brand PV from camelina oil, the color is not more than 1820 mg of iodine.
Storage method:
Store away from heating appliances.
Package:
- Drying oil Oksol, filling
- Drying oil (200 kg barrel 216.5 liters used), pcs.
In some construction and renovation work, a material such as wood is often used. The tree has a porous structure and therefore needs additional processing more than others.
In order to protect this valuable and not entirely cheap material, they use Oksol drying oil.
What it is?
Drying oil is a thick oily liquid, predominantly brown in color, consisting of a mixture of different components, intended for painting wooden surfaces and preparing plastered surfaces for painting, and is also used as a solvent for oil paints.
Like any other product intended for processing, drying oil consists of basic and auxiliary substances. The basis of Oksol linseed oil is vegetable oil, the share of which is in the range of 54-55% of the total mass.
For the manufacture of the product, different oils can be used: linseed, hemp, sunflower, grape, soy, corn or camelina. The base contains either one type or a mixture of several oils.
The share of additional components in the composition of "Oksoli" accounts for 45% of the total mass, of which 40% is a solvent (white spirit is most often used), and the remaining 5% are driers. Each of them has certain properties that affect the composition as a whole.
The solvent gives the drying oil the desired consistency, and the driers contribute to the rapid drying of the composition on the surface. Salts of various metals are called driers, or rather, compounds of iron, cobalt, lead, lithium, strontium and many others with organic acids.
The film formed on the surface does not allow paint or varnish to penetrate deep into the wood structure, which means that less material is required. In addition, the use of drying oil as a preparatory layer for painting improves the adhesion of varnish or paint to a wood surface.
In order to understand how and due to what the formation of a film on the surface occurs, it is necessary to consider the principle of the drying oil action, based on the properties of the components. Many types of vegetable oils used as a base, under certain conditions (oxygen, heat, light) are capable of thickening, and when applied to the surface with a thin layer, polymerize (dry out).
The formation of a semi-solid mass occurs due to polyunsaturated fatty acids present in some vegetable oils. The solidification rate on the surface is in direct proportion to the value of glycerides of unsaturated fatty acids and such an indicator as the iodine number. The higher the percentage of fatty acids in the oil and the higher the iodine number, the faster the polymerization process takes place.
But the natural process of oxidation is slow, and therefore the oil for drying oil is subjected to heat treatment together with the driers added to its composition. Heating this composition leads to the decomposition of substances that slow down the formation of a film, and due to the presence of metal salts, the oxidation process occurs faster.
Desiccants affect the composition not only during the drying process, but also after it. It lasts all the time while the layer remains on the surface, their proportion should not exceed 5%, a higher percentage of their content in the composition leads to darkening and then destruction of the film coating.
The formation of an elastic film on the surface occurs, as a rule, within 6-36 hours. Such a runaway in time is due to many factors: composition, preparation technology, the presence of additives. Almost all drying oils known today dry for about a day..
Views
To date, manufacturers produce several varieties of oil-based drying oils, which differ in the presence of additional components and the percentage of basic substances.
Natural linseed oil is the basic basis for Oksoli, but differs from it in the percentage of components and the absence of additional substances in the composition. The share of oil, most often linseed or hemp, accounts for 97%, and the remaining 3% are driers.
This type of drying oil is suitable for the treatment of surfaces that are only indoors., in connection with which it is rarely used, and the cost of this type is quite high due to the large percentage of the oil in the composition and its initial price.
Drying oil "Oksol" is much cheaper than natural, because the share of oil in its composition is only 55%. But the reduced proportion of oil and the solvent included in the composition do not make this type of drying oil worse than natural. It is in no way inferior in properties and appearance to a natural analogue and even surpasses it in some way.
"Oksol" can be used to cover wooden structures and plastered surfaces not only indoors, but also outside, which is its undoubted advantage.
On a surface treated with linseed oil a stable coating with a glossy effect is formed no later than 24 hours... It is distinguished by elasticity, water resistance and maximum durability compared to other types. The only disadvantage of Oksoli is its harsh odor compared to its natural counterpart due to the presence of a solvent, which is most often used as white spirit.
Subdivision "Oksoli" into brands is due to the use in the composition of different oils that make up the base. For the "B" brand, either hemp or linseed oil is used. The best drying oil is considered to be made on the basis of linseed oil., it is this that forms a more durable coating on the surface.
The composition of the PV brand is based on other types of oils (soybean, sunflower, camelina, grape, corn).
The surface treated with a composition based on sunflower oil is less resistant to various influences than a base made from linseed oil.
Combined drying oil unlike other types, it contains several types of oils that undergo various processing. In particular, if a cheaper and poorly drying rapeseed oil is added to the composition, then it is preliminarily subjected to oxidation. This process is necessary in order for drying oil with cheaper oils used as a base to approach the original version in properties.
The composition of the combined drying oil also includes synthetic substances and a solvent. Such drying oil is marked with the letter "K", and the number following the letter indicates for which types of work the composition can be used. Even numbers denote drying oils intended for surface treatment indoors, and odd numbers mark compounds that can be worked with outside.
Alkyd drying oil has some similarities with Oksol. Vegetable oils are present in the composition of alkyd species, but their proportion is insignificant. This type of drying oil is produced on the basis of alkyd resins, which are diluted with solvents, most often white spirit. In addition, driers are included.
Specifications
Drying oil "Oksol" is produced in accordance with GOST 190-78, which specifies the norms of various indicators for grades "B" and "PV". There are eight basic standards by which the drying oil is determined to be of one type or another.
They vary depending on the type of oil used and the brand of the drying oil itself:
- The first in the table is the color index... For both brands, this value is identical, the color should not be darker than 800 mg J / cm³ (according to the iodometric scale). But there are exceptions for drying oil, where camelina (“PV” brand) acts as the basis, this indicator has a different numerical expression. The color of such drying oil should not be darker than 1800, and for drying oil made on the basis of soybean oil, this figure is 1100 J / cm³.
- Indicators of conditional viscosity, measured with a viscometer, differ slightly for the two brands. For the "B" grade, the drying oil outflow time through the funnel with a diameter of 4 mm (at t = 20 ° C) is within 18-22 seconds, and for the "PV" grade - within 19-25 seconds.
- Acid number, measured in mg KOH / g, differs for different brands. For grade "B" this indicator should be no more than 6, and for grade "PV" it is slightly higher - 8. If sunflower oil is used as a base in drying oil, in which the acid number ranges from 8-15 mg KOH / g, the total acid number should not exceed 10.
- Mass fraction of non-volatile substances, measured in%, for both brands should be in the range of 54.5-55.5. If there is oil polymer resin in the drying oil mixture, the mass fraction of non-volatile substances can fluctuate within 55-59%, provided that the viscosity index complies with certain GOST standards.
- Indicators such as sucks in volume and transparency both brands have the same size. Sludge by volume - 1%, transparency - complete. The flash point in a closed crucible for both grades should not exceed 32 ° C.
- There is another important indicator that characterizes drying oil. by drying time... For grade "B" a stable coating (up to grade 3) is formed no later than 20 hours from the moment of application, and for grade "PV" - no later than 24 hours.
According to GOST 190-78, there are strict requirements prescribing in which container the drying oil can be poured, at what temperature the liquid can be safely stored and what precautions to take when opening the can with the composition. All safety requirements are detailed in this document.
When buying drying oil, sellers must have a quality certificate.
Consumption per 1m²
There are norms for the consumption of drying oil per 1 m². As a rule, these indicators do not differ much from the consumption values of oil paints. To apply drying oil in one layer per 1 m², it will take from 80 to 130 g. This run is due to factors such as the type of surface to be treated (wood or plaster), the porosity and hardness of the material, the type of solution, as well as the effect of temperature and humidity.
For fresh wood, consumption can be increased up to 200, and in some cases up to 250 g per 1 m². According to some sources, the average consumption of drying oil for a single-layer coating ranges from 150-200 g per 1 m².
Any kind of work on the interior decoration of a room, which is associated with painting wooden surfaces with oil paints, cannot do without the use of drying oil. Even despite the recent emergence of new, more improved formulations that perform the same tasks. What is the drying oil? What is it for and how to use it correctly? - these are the questions, the answers to which will help you get a perfectly painted surface.
Types of drying oil
At the moment, it is customary for experts to distinguish three types of drying oil: natural drying oil, Oksol drying oil and composite drying oil.
Natural drying oil
Natural linseed oil, the quality of which is strictly regulated by GOST 7931-76, consists of 97% of natural vegetable oil (linseed or sunflower), which has undergone special heat treatment, and 3% of desiccant.
- This varnish reliably protects wood, however, it can only be used indoors.
- In addition, natural linseed oil has a fairly high cost by today's standards.
Drying oil "Oksol"
Oksol drying oil, the qualitative composition of which must comply with GOST 190-78, is a substance that has a slight odor and consists of 55% vegetable oil (linseed or sunflower oil), 49% white spirit and 5% desiccant.
- "Oksol", along with natural drying oil, perfectly copes with its main task, namely, it protects wooden surfaces, forming a dense water-resistant film that does not turn black for a long time.
- At the same time, drying oil "Oksol" is much cheaper than natural drying oil and, unlike the latter, it can be used even for processing any surfaces outside the building.
- The best is the Oksol drying oil, which contains linseed oil, so it costs a little more than the one produced on the basis of sunflower oil.
Composite drying oil
Composite drying oil is the cheapest drying oil with a characteristic pungent odor. It does not have a GOST number, therefore the composition of such a substance is not regulated at the legislative level, and the production is carried out exclusively according to technical conditions.
- Composite drying oils, as a rule, contain various chemical components, in particular, products of the petrochemical industry that are harmful and toxic to the human body (for example, petroleum resins).
- Therefore, such formulations are strictly prohibited to be used indoors.
- The smell of composite drying oil is retained for a long time, even with good ventilation in the room. it is the cheapest linseed oil with a characteristic pungent odor.
Features of the application of drying oil "Oksol"
Oksol varnish is a fast-drying substance that has increased hardness and forms a glossy coating on the surface of the material treated with it. It penetrates well into the pores of the tree, thereby emphasizing its structure.
- The drying oil "Oksol" is on sale in containers of various capacities, completely ready to use.
- It is necessary to apply such a substance on a dry surface, which, if necessary, is sanded in advance and thoroughly cleaned of dust or grease. Only after that do they switch to drying oil.
- First, the composition is mixed well, if the drying oil thickened during storage, it can be diluted with white spirit, nefras, and also, if desired, with a solvent for varnishes and paints (oil and enamels).
- The drying oil is applied in a thin layer with a brush or a special roller. At the same time, all work should be carried out in a room that is well ventilated with an air temperature of at least 15 degrees Celsius and a relative humidity of 80%.
- Drying time for Oksol varnish is about 24 hours, so the interval between each subsequent layer should be about a day.
- The rest of the unused drying oil can be stored for a year in a tightly closed container. A dark, dry place inaccessible to children is suitable for this.
- To protect your hands during the drying process, it is recommended to use rubber gloves. It is also important not to let drying oil get into your eyes. If linseed oil gets on open areas of the body, then they are cleaned with a rag or rag dipped in vegetable oil. Then everything is thoroughly washed with warm soapy water.
- With the help of Oksol Oksol oil, you can also putty small cracks by mixing it with wood sawdust until a thick homogeneous mixture is obtained.
- All work to avoid fire hazard must be carried out away from sources of open fire.
In construction and everyday life, wood is very often used, but Oksol linseed oil will help protect it from the destructive effects of insects and time. Let's get acquainted with the features of this composition, its characteristics and, of course, dwell on the practical part.
Purpose and principle of action of drying oil
The principle of operation is that most oils, when in contact with oxygen, heat and light, thicken very intensively, and a thin layer completely solidifies. This is due to fatty acid glycerides, because their amount and the degree of iodine number (an indicator of the number of double bonds in the carbon chain) are directly proportional to the speed of solidification of the agent. The most effective are the flax and hemp compositions of the Oxol varnish (GOST 190–78), since the oils of these plants contain 80% and 70% of linoleic and linolenic acid glycerides, respectively, and the iodine number exceeds 150.
It should be noted that in its natural form, any vegetable oil hardens for a long time, and in order to accelerate this property, it is subjected to heat treatment. When heated, substances that inhibit hardening decompose, and salts provoke rapid oxidation. In addition, special compounds are introduced that contribute to its rapid drying (desiccants). As a result, the film applied to the surface turns into a solid state in a time from 6 to 36 hours.
Types of drying oils and their features
There are several varieties. Natural 97% consists of plant oils (sunflower or flax), the rest is a desiccant. Their main purpose is to dilute paints and treat wooden surfaces indoors. Such drying oils are divided into oxidized and polymerized. The latter have a darker color, and products processed with it age faster.
The characteristics of Oksol varnish (GOST 190–78) practically do not differ from natural. It is used for indoor and outdoor work. But the composition also includes a solvent, which gives a pungent smell. Also, this type is cheaper than the previous one. Oksol linseed oil is produced in two grades - "V" and "PV". The first ones are created on the basis of flax or hemp oils. To create the latter, petroleum resins and other technical oils are used. Therefore, when working with drying oil, especially the "PV" brand, you should be extremely careful, wear respirators and protective gloves.
Often Oksol is marked "combined", "compositional" or "semi-natural", which once again proves its origin. But sometimes it makes a fundamental difference for those who care about the composition. Combined Oksol received rapeseed oil as a natural component, while sunflower oil was mainly used for production. But the situation was complicated by the fact that the new component belongs to the non-drying class. Then it was preliminarily oxidized, and as a result, the combined Oxol obtained the same characteristics as the original version of the composition.
In the broadest sense of the word, combined drying oil is obtained by mixing oils of several plants or those that have undergone different processing, the addition of synthetic substances and a solvent is also allowed... The use of this option is more common in the preparation of paints. Several brands of drying oil are produced. In the designation, the first is the letter "K", followed by a number. If an even number is indicated in the marking, then the mixture is used for interior work, and an odd number is used for painting external objects.
The last type is synthetic compounds. The basis for paints is alkyd drying oil, its cost is much lower than oil, which is an undoubted advantage. Another type is compositional compositions. Their quality is not high enough, and due to the increased toxicity, the use is limited only to outdoor work. When choosing synthetic drying oils, you should be extremely careful, since if there is even a small sediment of natural oils in them, then the layer after painting may not dry out for a very long time. The presence of such inclusions can be determined visually. This mixture has a reddish tint and black sediment.
Technical characteristics - we study GOST
The Oksol varnish (GOST 190–78) has the following properties. Due to the solvent, it has a pungent odor that does not disappear immediately. The time for complete drying is no more than a day. In addition, Oksol drying oil is highly flammable and toxic, therefore, when working with it, you should adhere to all safety rules.
According to GOST 190–78, labeling is carried out depending on the composition, for example, with excellent properties of drying oil "B" is made only from hemp and linseed oil. It can be used both for dilution and for making oil paints. It is also permissible to carry out external and internal painting work. The drying oil "PV" has a similar purpose, created on the basis of other technical vegetable oils (sunflower, grape, soybean, corn, etc.), but its use is limited only to indoor work.
Both types of Oksoli cannot be used for painting floors.
Technical characteristics of Oksol drying oil are specified in GOST 190–78, but we will still dwell on them in more detail. The acid number for type "B" is no more than 6 mg KOH / g, and for "PV" - 8 mg KOH / g. An exception is drying oil based on sunflower oil, in this case this figure can reach 10. It is unacceptable that the sludge exceeds 1%, the transparency must be complete. The mass fraction of non-volatile substances ranges from 54.5 to 55.5%, regardless of the brand. The flash point in a closed crucible is above 32 ° C.
Oksol drying oil is stored mainly in a metal container, but it is strictly forbidden to open it with tools that give a spark. During transportation, it is necessary to use the transport markings, namely the “Keep away from heating” sign. In more detail, all the characteristics of the composition, as well as safety requirements, test methods and acceptance rules are described in GOST 190–78.
Wisdom of coloring products by Oksolya
Now we will consider the features of the use of Oksol drying oil. In general, there is no great difficulty in this, but we want to highlight some of the nuances, so we will analyze the order of work.
How to paint products with Oksol linseed oil - a step-by-step scheme
Step 1: preparatory phase
Due to the strong odor and toxic emissions, special attention should be paid to safety. All work is carried out in overalls, the respiratory organs also need special protection, so a respirator should be prepared in advance, and rubber gloves should be put on hands. If the composition gets on the skin, then it is necessary to immediately wipe it off with a cloth soaked in vegetable oil, and wash the damaged area well with warm water and soap. Avoid getting drying oil into the organs of vision. In addition, the presence of open flames in the premises where the work is carried out is prohibited. And all sources of lighting and electrical equipment must be reliably protected from explosion. And be sure to provide good ventilation.
For the manufacture of oil paints used indoors, for diluting thick-grated oil paints, for impregnation (drying) of wooden surfaces, plaster before painting them with oil paints
Oksol drying oil is a solution of oxidized vegetable oil and desiccants in white spirit, nefras, turpentine.
Appointment
OXOL is intended for the manufacture of oil paints used indoors, for diluting thick-grated oil paints, for impregnation (drying) of wooden surfaces, plaster before painting them with oil paints.
Main characteristics
In terms of physical and mechanical parameters, varnish of PV brand must comply with the requirements and standards specified in the following table:
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Indicator name |
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1. Color according to iodometric scale, mg J2 / 100 cm 3, not darker |
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2. Conditional viscosity of paint according to viscometer type VZ-246 s |
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3. Mass fraction of non-volatile substances,% |
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4. Acid number, mg KOH / g, no more |
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5. Drying time to degree 3 at a temperature of (20 ± 0.5) ° С, hour, no more |
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6. Sludge by volume,%, no more |
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7. Transparency |
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8. Flash point in an open crucible, ° С, not less |
Delivery conditions
The cost of drying oil depends on the total volume of the order at INFRACHEM.
Delivery is carried out to any region of Russia by all types of transport, as well as self-pickup from warehouses in Yaroslavl or Moscow.
We guarantee high quality of products!