Online exam tests history. USE in history: we analyze assignments with a teacher

Take the test "USE 2018 History Training option number 1" online

History | USE 2018

Take the test "USE 2018 History Training option number 2" online

History | USE 2018

The solution of the USE 2018 online test in history acquaints students with the tasks of the real USE and helps them master the necessary skills for solving KIM tasks. Teachers can use online testing for free in the classroom to train and supervise students. The training version of the USE in history corresponds to the demo version of 2018.

Take the test "Unified State Exam 2018 History Training Option No. 3" online

History | USE 2018

Take the test "USE 2018 History Training option number 4" online

History | USE 2018

Take the test "Unified State Exam 2018 History Training Option No. 5" online

History | USE 2018

Take the test "USE 2018 History Training option number 6" online

History | USE 2018

Take the test "USE 2018 History Training option number 7" online

History | USE 2018

Take the test "Unified State Exam 2018 History Training Option No. 8" online

History | USE 2018

Take the test "USE 2018 History Training option number 9" online

History | USE 2018

Take the test "USE 2018 History Training option number 10" online

History | USE 2018

Take the test "Demonstration version of control measuring materials of the unified state exam of 2018 on SOCIETY" online

Social Science | USE 2018

The solution to the online test of the Unified State Exam in Social Studies introduces students to the tasks of the demo version of the Unified State Examination of the 2018 FIPI and helps to master the necessary skills for solving CMM tasks. Teachers can use online testing for free in class to train and supervise students.

Take the test "Unified State Exam 2018 Social Studies Training Option No. 1" online

Social Science | USE 2018

Take the test "Unified State Exam 2018 Social Studies Training Option No. 2" online

Social Science | USE 2018

The solution of the USE 2018 online test in social studies introduces students to the tasks of the real USE and helps to master the necessary skills for solving KIM tasks. Teachers can use online testing for free in class to train and supervise students. The training version of the Unified State Exam in Social Studies corresponds to the demo version of 2018.

Take the test "Unified State Exam 2018 Social Studies Training Option No. 3" online

Social Science | USE 2018

Take the test "Unified State Exam 2018 Social Studies Training Option No. 4" online

Social Science | USE 2018

History in 2018 is an elective exam. Preparation for the exam in history, like preparation for other exams, first of all requires responsibility, organization, competent distribution of time and effort.

Start preparing for the exam from grade 10. To have a good knowledge base in two years for the exam.

Changes in the KIM USE 2019 by history:

There are no changes in the structure and content of the CMM.
In task 21, an additional condition has been added, which determines the requirement for filling out the answer. Accordingly, the criteria for assessing task 21 have been supplemented.

Where to start preparing for history?

1. Theory. To study the theory, use additional literature in print and electronic form, documentary cinematography, materials on web resources. On our web resource in the "Assignments" section, we have collected over 10 typical assignments developed by teachers, based on demos from FIPI(official draft) of past years.

For each task, it is written what you need to know to complete it. will guide you on what topics you need to study for each assignment.

How do you remember all this?

The abundance of dates, titles, names, events is a feature of history. But how to remember everything and not "lose" before the end of the exam?

Exist a number of effective ways lay out all the necessary information "on the shelves":

Draw an analogy, visualize, draw diagrams.
Work through topics only in chronological order.
Make an outline of the answer to each of them.
Study online - on our website you will find the necessary tasks.

2. Solution of training tasks of different types gives great experience and self-confidence. Solve online tests with answers according to the theory you have read, this will help you to assimilate and consolidate the topic.

3. Practice writing your essay... Hone your writing and writing skills. There are three periods from the history of Russia to choose from.

Requirements for a mini-essay:

Indicate at least two processes that relate to the selected date;
Mention should be made of people who have influenced or participated in events, processes or phenomena;
Causal relationships should be mentioned;
Use historical terminology in the essay;
It is forbidden to make mistakes in facts.

A historical essay must be connected with correct logical conclusions.

4. Time the exam correctly.
The examination work on history is assigned 3 hours 55 minutes(235 minutes).

The examination paper consists of two parts:

1 part- 19 tasks with a short answer (word, phrase, date, name and surname of the historical figure);
Part 2- 6 tasks with a detailed answer (analyzing a problem, a fragment of a historical document, assessing an event, expressing a point of view).

The approximate time for completing individual tasks is:

for each task of part 1 - 3–7 minutes;
for each task of part 2 (except task 25) - 5–20 minutes;
for the task 25 - 40–80 minutes.

Points for each story quest

The minimum passing grade is 32.
The maximum you can get on the exam in history is 55.

1 point - for tasks 1, 4, 10, 13, 14, 15, 18, 19.
2 points - 2, 3, 5-9, 12, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22.
3 points - 11, 23.
4 points - 24.
11 points - 25.

The system for evaluating the performance of individual tasks and work as a whole

A task with a short answer is considered completed correctly if the sequence of numbers, the required word (phrase) are indicated correctly.

Complete correct answer to tasks 1, 4, 10, 13-15, 18,19 is estimated 1 point; incomplete, incorrect answer or lack of it - 0 points.

Complete correct answer to tasks 2, 3, 5–9, 12, 16, 17 is graded 2 points; if one mistake is made (including one of the digits is missing or there is one extra digit) - 1 point; if two or more mistakes are made (including two or more digits are missing or there are two or more extra digits) or there is no answer - 0 points.

Complete correct answer to task 11 is estimated with 3 points; if one mistake is made - 2 points; if two or three mistakes are made - 1 point; if four or more mistakes are made or there is no answer - 0 points.

The tasks of part 2 are evaluated depending on the completeness and correctness of the answer. For completing tasks 20, 21, 22 is awarded from 0 to 2 points; for task 23 - from 0 to 3 points; for task 24 - from 0 to 4 points; for task 25 - from 0 to 11 points... Task 25 is graded on.

Remember the time, the plan, and then you will certainly be able to pass the exam in history.

Happy preparation!

The USE in history is another rather controversial subject. Most of the pigs on the exam can test the knowledge of certain facts. But what do the facts mean without the surrounding factors? A fact taken out of context is not knowledge from history, and this is what the USE evaluates. For this reason, the USE in history is undergoing many attacks. But while the knowledge of graduates is assessed by the Unified State Exam, it is necessary to prepare for it.

Ways to prepare for the exam in history

There are many ways to prepare a high school student for the history test. Classes at school will certainly have a positive effect on the bottom line, so do not neglect them. In addition, teachers are interested in the positive results of students, and do everything possible to train children to successfully graduate from school. But not all teachers can fully prepare their students for such a difficult test as a single state exam.

In such cases, it is worth resorting to the additional services of qualified teachers. One of the best solutions will be to give the child to, which will help the student to prepare for a difficult exam and quickly teach him how to cope with the USE tasks

There are also tutors who will work with the child at home and prepare him for the exam. But it is difficult to check the qualifications of a tutor, and those whose level is beyond doubt cost a lot of money.

Self-preparation with the help of online exam tests

If you do not have a lot of money to prepare your child for the exam, then you should think about independent preparation. The child can independently study history textbooks and encyclopedias. But such a large amount of information will only cause panic in the child. He will not know which of these he needs. Online USE courses in history will help with this. The child will know what types of questions he will have on the exam, and will sort the knowledge in his head. After training the online exam, it is easier for the student to prepare for the exam at school. The more prepared you are for the exam, the less stress you will experience. Experts recommend taking the test exam on the Internet as often as possible in order to minimize the child's anxiety. In addition, on the educational portal Uchistut.ru, you can take the trial exam an unlimited number of times without registration or sending any SMS. This makes the online USE tests on our website one of the most convenient tools for self-preparation for the USE. And joint self-preparation with training in specialized courses will help to achieve maximum results in the shortest possible time.

The work consists of two parts and 25 tasks .

First part contains 19 tasks with a short answer:

assignments for choosing and recording the correct answers from the proposed list of answers
tasks for determining the sequence of arrangement of these elements
tasks to establish the correspondence of elements, data in several information series
assignments for the definition according to the indicated signs and recording in the form of a word (phrase) of a term, name, name, century, year, etc.

Actually, the standard answer is either a number, or a sequence, or a phrase.

Distribution of tasks by parts of the examination work

Parts of work	Number of tasks	Maximum primary score	Job type
1 part	19	31	Short answer
Part 2	6	24	Detailed response
Total	25	55

The second part contains 6 tasks with a detailed answer.

In tasks numbered 20, 21 and 22 we will have a set of tasks related to the analysis of the historical source (attribution of the source; extraction of information; attraction of historical knowledge to analyze the problems of the source, the position of the author). In other words, it is necessary to analyze the presented text, which is taken from a historical source.

Tasks from 23 to 25 associated with the use of methods of cause-and-effect, structural-functional, temporal and spatial analysis for the study of historical processes and phenomena.

Task 23 associated with the analysis of any historical problem or situation.

Task 24 -with analysis of historical versions and assessments, argumentation of various points of view with the involvement of knowledge of the course of history.

Task 25 involves writing a historical essay (you can find some examples below). A graduate has the opportunity to choose one of three periods of Russian history and demonstrate his knowledge and skills on the historical material he is most familiar with.

Time

The examination work on history is assigned to 3 hours 55 minutes(235 minutes).

The approximate time for completing individual tasks is:

for each task of the first part: 3-7 minutes
for each task of the second part (except task 25): 5-20 minutes
for task 25: 40-80 minutes

Preparation for the exam and exam

Secondary general education

UMK line I. L. Andreev, O. V. Volobueva. History (6-10)

General history

Russian history

USE in history: we analyze assignments with a teacher

Sergey Agafonov, co-authorhistory textbooks , methodologist of the corporation "Russian textbook" *,teacher of the highest category:“In my opinion, half of the success (if not more) in the exam in history and social studies depends on the number of thoroughly analyzed typical tasks. It is the disassembled tasks, and not just completed ones. At the same time, it is important to inscribe events, processes, phenomena of national history in the context of general history, establishing links between various social phenomena and processes. "

Evgeny Mikhailovich Polushin, teacher of history and social studies of the 1st category, work experience as a teacher for 5 years, graduate of the Faculty of History of the Moscow State Pedagogical University named after IN AND. Lenin, Ph.D. in History:“The unified state examination in history consists of 25 tasks. The answers to tasks 1-19 are a sequence of numbers or words, tasks 20-25 involve detailed answers. Let's take a look at the performance of these tasks. The apparent simplicity of the first 19 tasks is offset by the lack of answer options, so solid knowledge is required, and you can't count on luck. "

1. In the first task, it is supposed to arrange in chronological order the events related to national and world history:

1) Convocation of the first Zemsky Sobor

2) The proclamation of Charlemagne as emperor

3) Accession of Crimea to the Russian Empire

It would be nice to know the dates here: 1) - 1549; 2) - 800; 3) - 1783 and the problem is solved, but such vivid events in history are well remembered at least in chronological order.

2. In the second task, you need to establish a correspondence between events and years. And again it is necessary to know the dates, at least to imagine - about the era of the reign of which politician in question. The events of our history are often correlated with the rulers of the country, why not use this in the exam? The task is complicated by the fact that there are more dates than events, that is, the exclusion method will not work here.

The date of the baptism of Russia is firmly known by any schoolchild who passes the exam in history - 988. The decree "on free farmers" is also a chrestomatien - 1803, the abolition of parochialism is clearly associated with the 17th century - 1682, and the 19th conference of the CPSU is Gorbachev, hence - 1988

3. The third task involves the exclusion of two abbreviations not related to the period 1945-1953:

1) the Communist Party; 2) NATO; 3) CMEA; 4) CIS; 5) SNK; 6) UN.

In this case, we will be required to know that the Council of People's Commissars (Council of People's Commissars) is the first Soviet government. Its existence dates back to an earlier period, and the CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) is heard at the present time, which also does not correspond to the specified period.

4. Write the term in question:

The highest public office in the Novgorod Republic in the XII-XV centuries. was elected at the veche for one or two years and supervised the activities of all officials, together with the prince was in charge of management and court issues, commanded an army, led the veche meeting and the boyar council.

According to the first words, "The highest public office in the Novgorod Republic ..." it is clear that we are talking about a mayor. In addition to the mayor in Novgorod, a tysyatsky was elected, the assistant to the mayor, he led the city militia. The archbishop was the head of the church, while the prince had only military functions.

5. Establish a correspondence between events and facts:

The pair World War I - Brusilov Breakthrough is obvious. The Battle of Austerlitz and the Anti-French Coalitions too. Prince Igor and his famous unsuccessful campaign against the Polovtsy at school are studied, in addition to history, in music and literature lessons. The Battle of Klushino is an unsuccessful attempt by Vasily Shuisky to stop the Polish army, after which he was overthrown by the Seven Boyars, and the Poles occupied Moscow.

6. Establish a correspondence between fragments of historical sources and their brief characteristics: for each fragment indicated by a letter, select two corresponding characteristics indicated by numbers:

FRAGMENTS OF SOURCES

BUT)“We grant this personal decree with our royal and paternal mercy to all who were formerly in the peasantry and in the citizenship of landowners, to be loyal slaves to our own crown, and we reward with the ancient cross and prayer, heads and beards, liberty and freedom and forever Cossacks, without requiring recruits kits, per capita and other monetary taxes, ownership of land, forest, hayfields and fishing, and salt lakes without buying and without rent, and we release all the judges of the peasants and all the people, imposed taxes and burdens, who were previously executed from villains and city bribe-takers from the villains.

B)“If any of the landowners wishes to release their acquired or tribal peasants individually or as a whole village free and at the same time approve a plot of land for them or a whole dacha, then having made conditions with them, which by mutual agreement are recognized as the best, has to submit them upon request his through the provincial noble leader to the Minister of Internal Affairs for consideration and presentation to us; and if a decision follows from us, his will agreeable: then these conditions will be presented in the Civil Chamber and recorded at serfdom with a payment of legalized duties. ... The peasants and villages, who are released from the landlords under such conditions with the land, if they do not wish to enter other states, can remain on their own lands as farmers and in themselves constitute a special state of free farmers. "

CHARACTERISTICS

1) This document was published by Alexander 11
2) The execution of this document is made dependent on the will of the landowners
3) A contemporary of the publication of this document was A.D. Menshikov
4) This document was published by Alexander 1
5) This document abolishes some of the duties introduced by Peter 1
6) This document was published by the leader of the popular uprising.

DISCUSSION

The first fragment refers to the manifestos of Emelyan Pugachev. This becomes obvious when you pay attention to the style - it is similar to the imperial manifestos of the 18th century, as well as the content - the promise of the abolition of recruitment and the return of the old cross and beards. It is recruitment sets and a capitation tax - innovations of Peter I.

The second fragment is an excerpt from the decree "On free farmers" of 1803, which, as you know, allowed the landowners to free the peasants with the land with the consent of the emperor.

Thus, the answer is: A - 5.6; B - 2.4

7. Which three of the listed events relate to the 18th century:

1) Borodino battle
2) Gangut naval battle
3) defense of Shipka
4) the battle of Gross-Jägersdorf
5) Sinop Naval Battle
6) the battle of Rymnik

Here are some pretty famous battles, let's remember them. The Battle of Borodino is the war of 1812, the Gangut naval battle belongs to the Northern War of 1700-1721, the Defense of Shipka is an episode of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878, the Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf belongs to the Seven Years' War of 1756-1763. , Sinop Naval Battle - Crimean War, 1853, The Battle of Rymnik took place during the Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791.

Accordingly, the 18th century includes: the Gangut naval battle, the Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf and the battle of Rymnik.

8. Fill in the blanks in these sentences using the list of missing items below: for each letter and blank sentence, select the number of the item you want:

A) Commander of the 62nd Army, which distinguished itself especially in the Battle of Stalingrad ___
B) The complete liberation of Leningrad from the enemy blockade took place in January ___
C) September 30, 1941 began ___

Missing items:
1) defense of the Brest fortress
2) 1943
3) 1944
4) V.I. Chuikov
5) N.F. Vatutin
6) battle for Moscow

The Great Patriotic War in the course of the history of Russia in the XX century. great attention is paid, and especially significant battles are highlighted, which had a significant impact on the course of the Second World War. One of them is the Battle of Stalingrad, in which the 62nd Army under the command of V.I. Chuikov.

The Leningrad blockade was lifted during one of 10 operations in 1944, namely the Leningrad-Novgorod one, while the blockade was broken back in 1943.

On September 30, 1941, of course, the Moscow battle began, that is, its defensive stage, and the counteroffensive near Moscow on December 5-6, 1941 became the first major successful offensive operation of the Red Army in the Second World War.

9. Establish a correspondence between events (processes, phenomena) and participants in these events: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position of the second column:

EVENTS (PROCESSES, PHENOMENA)
A) Russia's development of Siberia and the Far East
B) internecine war in the Moscow principality
C) Northern War
D) economic reforms of the 1960s. in USSR

PARTICIPANTS
1) Dmitry Shemyaka
2) Ivan 111
3) E.P. Khabarov principality in the second half of the 15th century.
4) A.N. Kosygin
5) G.A. Potemkin
6) B.P. Sheremetev

The development of Siberia and the Far East by Russia is associated with the name of E.P. Khabarov. The internecine war in the Moscow principality was fought between Vasily the Dark and his brothers Vasily Kosy and Dmitry Shemyaka. B.P. Sheremetev is the commander of the Northern War. A.N. Kosygin - Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

10. Read an excerpt from the Decree of the Presidium of the Board of the Union of Writers of the USSR and indicate the name that was missing three times in the text:

“The award of ___ the Nobel Prize, in essence, for the novel“ Doctor Zhivago, ”hastily concealed by bombastic phrases about his lyrics and prose, in fact emphasizes the political side of the dirty play of reactionary circles ... Given ___'s political and moral downfall, his betrayal of the Soviet people, to the cause of socialism, peace, progress, paid for by the Nobel Prize in the interests of inciting the Cold War - the Presidium of the Board of the USSR Writers' Union, the Bureau of the Organizing Committee of the RSFSR JV and the Presidium of the Board of the Moscow Branch of the RSFSR JV deprive ___ of the title of Soviet writer, exclude him from the membership of the USSR JV. "

In this task, the title of the novel will prompt the name of the author. Of course, this is Pasternak.

11. Fill in the blank cells in the table using the list of missing items below: for each space indicated by a letter, select the number of the item you want:

Missing items:
1) the formation of the Holy Roman Empire
2) the first convocation of the States General in France
3) XIII century.
4) Battle of Kulikovo
5) XVII century.
6) the emergence of the state of francs
7) X century.
8) oprichnina
9) the beginning of the compilation of the Russian Truth

The difficulty of this task is that it is necessary to synchronize the events of domestic and foreign history, which is not easy for children.

XI century. in the history of Russia - this is the creation of "Russian Truth".

The Battle of the Ice or the Battle of Lake Peipsi - 1242, which means the XIII century, the baptism of Rus - 988, i.e. X century, and the formation of the Holy Roman Empire in 962 - also in the X century.

It turns out that in the XIV century. the Battle of Kulikovo (1380) and the first convocation of the States General in France (1302) took place.

12. Read an excerpt from the Constitution of the USSR:

“Article 1. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics is a socialist state of the whole people, expressing the will and interests of workers, peasants and intelligentsia, working people of all nations and nationalities of the country. Article 2. All power in the USSR belongs to the people. The people exercise state power through the Soviets of People's Deputies, which constitute the political basis of the USSR. All other state bodies are controlled and accountable to the Councils of People's Deputies. Article 3. The organization and activities of the Soviet state are built in accordance with the principle of democratic centralism: the election of all bodies of state power from top to bottom, accountability to their people, and mandatory decisions of higher bodies for subordinate bodies. Democratic centralism combines unified leadership with local initiative and creative activity, with the responsibility of each state body and official for the task entrusted to it. Article 4. The Soviet state, all its organs operate on the basis of socialist legality, ensure the protection of law and order, the interests of society, the rights and freedoms of citizens. State and public organizations and officials are obliged to observe the Constitution of the USSR and Soviet laws. Article 5. The most important issues of state life are brought up for public discussion, and also put up for a nationwide vote (referendum). Article b. The leading and guiding force of Soviet society, the core of its political system, state and public organizations is the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The CPSU exists for the people and serves the people ... ".

Using the passage and knowledge of history, select three correct judgments from the list below:

1) This Constitution of the USSR was adopted during the leadership of the USSR by I.V. Stalin
2) The principle of democratic centralism implies that the decisions of the higher authorities are obligatory for the lower
3) Article 5 of this Constitution of the USSR has never been implemented during the entire history of the Soviet Union
4) According to this passage, there is Soviet power in the USSR
5) This Constitution of the USSR was adopted by the XXV Congress of the CPSU
6) One of the articles of the Constitution of the USSR presented in the excerpt was canceled before the collapse of the USSR

In this excerpt from the Constitution of the USSR, there are several "beacons" to which you need to pay attention:

1) the mention in Art. 6 about the CPSU as the "leading and guiding force" of Soviet society. This immediately suggests that we have before us - the "Brezhnev" Constitution of 1977.
2) mention of the referendum.

We need to choose the right judgments. 1) - we sweep aside immediately, because led by Brezhnev. 2) - suitable because in st. 3 is quite clear about this written. 3) - does not fit, because a referendum on the preservation of the USSR was held in 1991 4) - it fits unambiguously. 5) - not suitable, because Party congresses did not adopt a Constitution, but only the Congresses of Soviets. 6) - suitable because 6 tbsp. was canceled in 1990, before the collapse of the USSR, which took place in 1991.

Review the diagram and complete tasks 13-16:

13. Name the country that is Russia's adversary in the war, to which the diagram is dedicated:

Historical map assignments are often difficult. In this case, a map of the Russian-Japanese war of 1904-1905 is presented. it is clear from the geographical names.

14. What is the surname of the commander of the Russian troops in the battle indicated on the diagram with the number "1":

The number "1" denotes the Mukden battle in Manchuria. General Kuropatkin was in command of the Russian troops.

15. Indicate the name of the battle, the area of which is shaded and indicated on the diagram with the number "2":

The number "2" denotes the Tsushimkoe naval battle.

16. What judgments regarding the events indicated in the diagram are correct? Choose three judgments from the six suggested. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table:

1) The city marked on the diagram with the number "3" was not surrendered to the enemy
2) The Russian squadron was commanded by Z.P. Rozhdestvensky
3) The peace treaty following the results of the war, the events of which are indicated in the diagram, was signed in the American city of Portsmouth
4) R.I. Kondratenko
5) As a result of the war, the events of which are indicated on the diagram, Russia lost the city of Vladivostok
6) In the battle marked on the diagram with the number "1", the Russian troops won.

Here again we choose the correct judgments. The number 3 denotes the fortified city of Port Arthur, it was surrendered to the enemy by General Stoessel in 1904. Accordingly, 1) is not suitable. 2) - suitable because the Russian squadron was commanded by Rozhdestvensky. 3) - suitable, because the peace treaty was actually signed in the American Portsmouth. 4) - suitable because Kondratenko is the hero of the defense of Port Arthur. 5) - does not fit, Russia did not lose Vladivostok. 6) - does not fit, near Mukden the Russian army, rather, was defeated, and Mukden was captured by the Japanese.

17. Establish a correspondence between cultural monuments and their brief characteristics: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position of the second column:

MONUMENTS OF CULTURE
A) "The Tale of Bygone Years"
B) Tsar Cannon
C) painting "Boyarynya Morozova"
D) sculpture "Worker and Collective Farm Woman"

CHARACTERISTICS
1) a cultural monument was created in the 16th century.
2) a cultural monument was created in the 17th century. author - I.E. Repin
4) author - V.I. Mukhina
5) author-monk of the Kiev-Pechersk monastery Nestor
6) author - V.I. Surikov

According to the generally accepted version, The Tale of Bygone Years belongs to the pen of the monk Nestor. The Tsar Cannon was cast by master Chokhov in the 16th century. The painting "Boyarynya Morozova" was painted by V.I. Surikov. The sculpture "Worker and Collective Farm Woman" was created by V.I. Mukhina.

18. What are the correct judgments about this coin? Choose two judgments from the five suggested:

1) This coin was issued after the Cuban missile crisis
2) The monument depicted on the coin is erected in memory of the Battle of Stalingrad
3) By the time of the collapse of the USSR, the number of ribbons on the coat of arms of the USSR depicted on the coin had decreased
4) The war, the anniversary of the victory in which the coin is dedicated, began in the first decade of June
5) The monument depicted on the coin was designed by the sculptor V.I. Mukhina.

The commemorative coin depicts the sculpture "The Motherland Calls". It was created by 1967 according to the project of the sculptor Vuchetich. Choosing the right judgments again. 1) - right, the Cuban missile crisis was in 1962 2) - right, in memory of the Battle of Stalingrad and was installed in Volgograd. Here we can stop, in the condition it was required to choose two correct judgments. 3) - not true, the number of tapes has not changed since 1956. 4) - not true, the Second World War began on June 22, and this is the third decade. 5) - not true, Vuchetich.

19. Indicate photographs showing buildings, the construction of which was completed in the same period when this coin was issued (during the leadership of the USSR by the same statesman):

First, we need to remember who led the USSR in 1967, by the time of the opening of the monument "Motherland Calls!" In Volgograd. This is L.I. Brezhnev (1964-1982). So the building under the number 2 is suitable) - the House of Soviets, built in the late 1970s, and 3) - this is a house-book on Novy Arbat, built under Brezhnev.

TASKS 20-25

From the emperor's manifesto

“Immortal glory, wise Monarch, Dear Sovereign, Our Grandfather, Peter the Great, Emperor of All Russia, what burden and colic labor he was forced to endure solely for the welfare and benefit of his fatherland, leading Russia to perfect knowledge of both military, civil and political affairs , to that not only the whole of Europe; but most of the world is not a false witness. But how to restore this it was necessary, in the first place ... the noble nobility to accustom and show how great the advantages of the proclaimed powers in the welfare of the human race are against innumerable peoples, immersed in the depths of ignorance; that is why, at that time, samakraznost insisted on the Russian nobility, showing its excellent signs of mercy to them, ordered them to enter military and civilian services, and, moreover, to teach noble youth, not only in various free sciences, but also in many useful arts ...
The aforementioned establishment, although at the beginning it was somewhat and with coercion, but very useful, was followed by all those who owned the Russian Throne since the time of Peter the Great, and especially Our Dear Aunt, blessed memory, Empress Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, imitating the deeds of His Sovereign Parent, knowledge political affairs and various sciences spread and multiplied ... We see with pleasure, and every true son of his fatherland must admit that countless benefits have followed, rudeness in the negligent about the common good has been exterminated, ignorance has changed into common sense, useful knowledge and diligence to service increased skillful and courageous generals in military affairs, in civil and political affairs it put knowledgeable and fit people; jealousy to Our service, and therefore We do not find that need and, in compulsion to service, which until now was required ...

1) Everything that is in our various services, the nobles can continue this as long as they wish ... "

20. Please indicate the year this manifesto was issued. Identify the emperor who issued this manifesto. Please provide a title for this manifest:

At the very beginning of the document, it is indicated that this is a manifest. The text of the document speaks of the release of the nobles from the compulsory service established by Peter I. Accordingly, this is the Manifesto of the Liberty of the Nobility of 1762, and its author is Peter III.

21. What, according to the author of the manifesto, is the reason that made Peter the Great oblige the nobles to serve and study? In what does the author of the manifesto see the merit of Elizaveta Petrovna? How does the author explain the reason for the decision expressed in the last sentence of this passage?

This task can be completed based solely on the text of the document. 1) The reason was the need to have an educated nobility to serve for the good of the fatherland. 2) Elizaveta Petrovna “spread and multiplied various sciences” (she founded Moscow University, for example). 3) The reason is that the nobility has become educated and diligent in service. So there is no need to force him to her.

22. List any three measures that are not covered in this manifesto that were taken by the author of the manifesto during his reign:

Peter III did not rule for long, about six months, he was killed by the guards conspirators who elevated Catherine II to the throne, but he managed to do something. First, he canceled the persecution of the Old Believers (the old faith was promised by Pugachev, posing as Peter III); secondly, he began the secularization of church lands, which was then continued by Catherine II; thirdly, he brought Russia out of the Seven Years War by entering into an alliance with Prussia, which, in many respects, incurred the wrath of the guards on him.

23. In 1990, a program for the transition of the USSR to a market economy was developed, which was called "500 days". Indicate any two areas of economic reform that were envisaged to be carried out as part of the implementation of this program. Indicate the reason for the rejection of this program by the President of the USSR:

The "500 days" program assumed the transition to a market economy, for which it was necessary: 1) to privatize state property and 2) to abolish the centralized management of the economy, ie. planning. Gorbachev rejected the program for fear of social outrage.

24. In historical science, there are controversial issues on which different, often contradictory points of view are expressed. Below is one of the controversial points of view that exist in historical science:

"The political activity of Prince Svyatoslav Igorevich was successful"

Using historical knowledge, give two arguments that can support this point of view, and two arguments that can refute it. Be sure to use historical facts when presenting your arguments.

DISCUSSION

Arguments in support:

1) Svyatoslav defeated the neighbor of Kievan Rus - the Khazar Kaganate, to whom the Slavs once even paid tribute.

2) He made the rulers of individual lands not the leaders of the tribal unions, as it was before, but his sons, which reduced the risk of separatism.

Arguments in rebuttal:

1) Svyatoslav spent a lot of time on campaigns, leaving Kiev without protection, which the Pechenegs used more than once.

2) Svyatoslav was defeated by the Byzantine army, having concluded a peace that was not particularly beneficial for Russia, and was killed by the Pechenegs, returning home from this campaign.

25. You need to write a historical essay about one of the periods in the history of Russia:

1) 912-945; 2) December 1812-December 1825; 3) March 1921-October 1928 The essay must:

Evgeny Mikhailovich Polushin, history teacher:“I decided to take the period from December 1812 to December 1825. This is the time from the expulsion of the French from Russian territory during the Patriotic War of 1812 to the Decembrist uprising. In this eventful historical period, in my opinion, two stand out - the creation of the Holy Alliance in 1815 and the uprising of the Decembrists in 1825.

The initiator of the creation of the Holy Alliance was the Russian Emperor Alexander I, who from his youth dreamed of an international arbitration court necessary to prevent military conflicts. The Holy Alliance was formed after the Napoleonic Wars with the aim of preserving the European order that was established after the victory of the anti-French coalition over Napoleonic France and the prevention of revolutions.

This union, originally founded by Russia, Prussia and Austria, gradually included almost all European monarchs. But the existence of the Holy Alliance did not bear the fruits that Alexander I had hoped for. Russia, faithful to the ideals of the Holy Alliance, suppressed the Polish uprising of 1830-1831. and even sent Russian troops to suppress the revolution in Austria-Hungary. Such activity of Russia frightened some European countries and allowed our country to be suspected of having plans of expansion, for example, in the Balkans, which affected later during the Crimean War, in which Russia had no allies. Lack of allies and international isolation were important reasons for Russia's disappointing defeat in this war.

N. Muravyov is one of the founders of the Northern Society of Decembrists and the author of the "Constitution" - the program of this society. Secret societies arose among Russian officers after the foreign campaign of the Russian army. In Europe, they got acquainted with a way of life and methods of government that were very different from Russian realities. The officers dreamed of realizing the absence of serfdom and the relative economic well-being of the peasants in Russia. In their opinion, the autocratic power stood in the way of this, which stood firmly on the guard of serfdom and administrative arbitrariness. Although, until the end of the 1810s, her young officers hoped for the goodwill of the emperor and dreamed of helping the authorities in reforming the country. Convinced that Alexander had lost interest in reforms, the conspirators headed for an armed uprising. The northern society, created by N. Muravyov, represented the moderate wing of conspirators, which assumed the preservation of the monarchy, provided that it became constitutional. The uprising of the Decembrists, as they were later called, took place on December 14, 1825 and was brutally suppressed by troops loyal to the government. The Decembrists had a huge impact on the further history of our country, stirring up the thinking part of society, becoming an example of selfless service to the idea of the country's well-being. Although there is a different opinion, formulated by P. Chaadaev. He did not approve of the Decembrist uprising. He considered it senseless and even harmful, frightened and embittered the authorities, and made liberal reforms impossible in the foreseeable future. In many ways, he turned out to be right. "

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