The use of monolithic structures significantly reduced the labor intensity and cost of construction work, and reduced the construction time. When performing these works, it is often necessary to use such a means of mechanization as a concrete pump. This is a fairly expensive unit, and even the cost of renting it is quite significant. When performing concrete work in individual construction, there is also a need for such a mechanism.
One of the solutions in this situation is the manufacture of a homemade concrete pump.
Device and principle of operation.
There are two main types of concrete pump used - piston and rotary. Given the complexity of the design of a rotary concrete pump, a piston option is chosen for do-it-yourself manufacturing.
The concrete pump consists of a cylinder, a piston and a drive. The cylinder has two check valves, through which the concrete is sucked in and pumped into the concrete pipeline. Its principle of operation is as follows. When the piston moves, a vacuum is created in the cylinder, due to which concrete is sucked in. When the piston reaches its extreme position, its reverse, working stroke, begins. With the reverse movement of the piston, excess pressure is created, and the concrete enters the concrete pipeline and is pumped to the pouring point.
For smooth and even operation, industrial concrete pumps use a two-piston scheme, which is quite complicated and expensive to make by hand.
Manufacturing.
Making a self-made concrete pump is a complex and not cheap project, therefore, before starting this work, it is worthwhile to once again weigh your strengths and capabilities, and calculate how justified the costs incurred will be. In some cases, it is much more expedient to rent a small concrete pump.
Before you start making a homemade concrete pump, you need to draw up a drawing or sketch of it. In the absence of design skills, you can use ready-made drawings. Drawings downloaded from the Internet should be treated with some caution: perhaps a do-it-yourself concrete pump, made according to these drawings, did not work efficiently. It is advisable to find and familiarize yourself with the reviews of those home craftsmen who had experience in making a structure according to these schemes.
The main unit of a concrete pump is a working cylinder with a piston. When manufacturing this unit, it must be borne in mind that its diameter should not be less than 400 mm, and the working stroke of the piston should not be less than 0.5 meters. Otherwise, the number of pumping cycles increases, which will lead to premature wear of the mechanism. The mating surfaces of the piston and cylinder must have a high degree of accuracy and low roughness. This will not only increase the efficiency of the concrete pump, but also increase its service life.
It is better to use an electromechanical drive. The hydraulic drive is more expensive and more difficult to manufacture. The drive requires an asynchronous three-phase electric motor, a gearbox with a reduction gear ratio and a transmission mechanism that converts rotary motion into translational motion.
A kingpin is attached to the mechanism, transmitting the translational movement to the piston. As a frame, you can use a volumetric welded frame made of a metal corner. Particular attention should be paid to non-return valves. For their manufacture, it is necessary to use high-strength alloy steel that can withstand multiple pumping cycles of concrete.
Having assembled the concrete pump, you need to test it. In no case should you run it without concrete or starting mixture!
As a starting mixture, you can use cement strongly diluted in water with the addition of machine oil. To pump concrete from the pump to the place of pouring, concrete pipes are needed. They can be made from a combination of large diameter rigid and flexible plastic pipes. After each work shift, the concrete pump must be disassembled, thoroughly cleaned and lubricated. This will increase its service life.
Price.
The cost of manufacturing depends on the chosen design, its size and materials used and can range from 5 to 50 thousand rubles. Based on this level of costs, for a one-time use, it is impractical to manufacture such a unit.
January 6, 2013
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A screw pump, or as it is called otherwise, a screw pump, is a high-efficiency unit, the functional characteristics of which do not depend on the positioning of the housing installation and the quality / properties of the liquid that the device pumps. Simply put, screw pumps can handle the flow of water to the limit saturated with insoluble and soluble particles. Moreover, they can be mounted vertically, horizontally or by changing position from time to time.
By means of this unit, it is possible to organize the pumping of streams of any composition: from rarefied steam to medium-viscous suspension, and in any case, the screw design solves all the tasks set before it. Due to its wide capabilities, the equipment is most often used as a pressure generator:
- In autonomous water supply systems assembled by hand or through the services of professionals. It is noteworthy that the pump works not only in perfectly clean wells, wells, but also in sandy mines.
Important! Submersible screw pumps proved to be very good in wells with a high content of sand inclusions, providing sufficient head at serious depths of the mine.
- In systems for pumping and pumping liquid compositions / mixtures... Screw pumps are found on construction sites, drainage structures, main pipelines, and production units. The wide range of applications is explained by the unique abilities of the pumps - they pump any substance: from steam to liquid concrete.
- In systems for dosing liquid streams... In processes, the auger serves as both a generating and a dosing mechanism. At the same time, the accuracy of the portions remains unchanged, regardless of the installation position of the unit.
Convenience lies in the fact that the trouble-free screw pump is easy and simple to assemble by hand. At the same time, it does not require constant inspection and serves for a long time.
Features and nuances of the operation of pumps of the screw group
The wide area of application of the mechanism, a convenient and practical way of generating a pressure force endow screw pumps with the following operational features:
- Ease of maintenance, maintainability... It is not difficult to dismantle the part in the field with your own hands, having only a minimal set of tools. For example, the bearing can be removed easily, and the pump does not need to be removed to replace the seal. Any node is practically "in sight" and therefore it will not be a problem to get close to it.
- Case features pumping structure equipped with a unique suction nozzle, the design of which minimizes the formation of silt deposits that impede the process of pumping streams. In this case, the branch pipe can be positioned not only along the center (along the axis), but also perpendicularly, at an angle of 90 degrees.
- Main mechanism of the unit made by casting with subsequent processing on high-precision machines. Therefore, the devices have an extremely low noise floor, operate without vibration and have a very long service life.
Overview of typical equipment models
The functionality of the device is provided by a screw-type shaft, which creates a vacuum in the suction end hole by forcing a small volume of liquid towards the discharge pipe. Having undergone a lot of modifications and changes, screw pumps have become universal devices that form the required pressure level in the pipeline. Today, the following representatives of the product line are popular:
- Aquarius . Compact unit up to 10 cm in diameter, capacity from 2000 l / h. Installation is extremely simple, the use is recommended in wells, wells. From the mine, water is pumped by means of a suspension device on a cable, but from an open reservoir, Aquarius pumps water in any position. Inexpensive and practical equipment is quickly assembled and dismantled by hand.
- Auger type barrel pump Is a design used to pump water from various reservoirs. Models are offered by many manufacturers, but all devices have the following features: modest dimensions and low power, devices can be manufactured only from the most durable materials, not susceptible to corrosion and resistant to active / aggressive media.
A barrel screw pump is a unit of specific characteristics, with the help of which it is possible to pump not only water, but also alkalis and acids.
- Belamos are deep-seated aggregates. Equipped with high-quality components and well-assembled devices, they are famous for their reliability in operation, the ability to operate for a long time without interruptions for "rest" of the motor part. At the same time, there is protection against dry running, overheating, and other breakdowns.
Important! Belamos pumps are especially good for working with deep mines, quicksands. Installation is carried out by hand in just a few minutes, and high power will quickly cope with pumping out dirty streams. At the same time, there is not the slightest threat of drowning the device, since the installation is carried out on the surface.
- UnipumpECOVINT is a pump for working with wells, wells with a minimum debit of the aquifer. The small size and large capacity of the equipment will come in handy in summer cottages. The pump fits easily into a small casing and provides water for a family of 2-4 people. Moreover, even a beginner in plumbing will be able to mount the pump with his own hands.
Important! Any screw-type pump does not generate vibrational movements, so the bottom sediment does not rise upward, spoiling the purity of the supplied flow. The design is ideal for providing a constant water pressure in an autonomous water supply system, sewerage system.
(Last Updated On: 10/26/2017)
Monolithic construction has become widespread today; this technology is used to build not only large administrative premises and multi-storey residential buildings, but also individual buildings, for example, cottages. This trend in the construction fashion meets scientific and technological progress - today, monolithic buildings are erected quickly and efficiently with the help of concrete pumps. However, such equipment is very expensive, therefore many individual developers are interested in whether it is possible to assemble a concrete pump with their own hands. If you show engineering ingenuity and sleight of hand, then you can assemble a completely decent concrete pump, which will be quite enough for the construction of a cottage.
Classification of concrete pumps
Before you run to assemble a concrete pump with your own hands, you need to understand with your brains what types of such pumps are, what are their differences and advantages. All concrete pumps are divided into 2 groups according to the principle of operation:
- piston concrete pump;
- rotary concrete pump.
Rotary concrete pumps are too complicated to manufacture and, as a result, are too expensive, therefore they are used only by professionals. Therefore, we will focus on the piston type. The piston fuel pump consists of 3 main elements:
- cylinder;
- drive unit;
- piston.
Naturally, these elements have a much more complex structure and consist of many smaller elements.
Detailed structure of a reciprocating concrete pump
The concrete pump cylinder is a hollow piece with 2 valves. These valves, opening alternately, ensure the intake of liquid concrete from the tank and its injection into the concrete pipeline. And this, in turn, is possible due to the movement of the piston and the change in the phases of the rarefied atmosphere and ultra-high pressure. To meet the needs of private housing construction, a simple model with one piston is quite sufficient. At large construction sites, where there is a need for high performance, two-piston models are also used, but they are too expensive and difficult to manufacture - it is almost impossible to assemble a two-piston concrete pump with your own hands.
In general, in order to independently make a workable concrete pump, you need to pay great attention to the design and creation of drawings. Sample drawings can be found on the network, you can also use them. or you can add your own know-how - this is your choice.
What to make a piston concrete pump with your own hands?
Probably the hardest part of making a concrete pump is making a cylinder and a piston. The fact is that they must have fairly large dimensions - the cylinder diameter is at least 40 cm, and the piston stroke is at least 50 cm. Therefore, the most reasonable solution would be to order the production of parts from a familiar turner. After all, for this you need a lathe, and it is not in every house.
In order for the piston to move continuously in the cylinder and pump concrete into the wire, a drive is needed. An electric motor is best suited for this. It is more productive, more reliable, and more affordable than any other option. A gearbox is connected to the electric motor, which acts as a gearbox, and a rotation-to-translational impulse converter.
All elements of the concrete pump must be firmly and firmly connected to each other in order to prevent possible failure during use - this is a real danger. In addition, it is necessary to check the quality of all joints each time, as well as to clean all working elements from concrete residues.
In general, before you start operating your device, you need to carry out its working tests. Do not test the concrete pump empty, it can kill it ahead of time! You can pour a concrete mixture with a high water content into it.
No construction site is complete without a concrete pump. It is most often used in monolithic construction. Industrial devices are quite expensive, however, with a little patience, resourcefulness and care, you can make such a device yourself. Effective hand work during the manufacture of a concrete pump will help reduce costs during your construction.
Classification of concrete pumps
The classification of concrete pumps is different. The first type of classification depends on the type of autonomy. They can be both mobile and stationary.
- stationary concrete pumps - the main advantages of this type of equipment are higher productivity, power, reliability, and at the same time, the equipment can operate under rather heavy loads and in difficult conditions;
- mobile concrete pumps are preferable for those who do not want to buy equipment, but to rent it. This type of pump is compact and easy to transport; it can pump concrete mortar both vertically and horizontally.
Also, the classification may depend on the size, engine performance, type of power supply. Concrete pumps can be classified according to and, accordingly, they are of the vacuum type and piston type.
- vacuum concrete pump - concrete is supplied by squeezing the solution out of the tray using a vacuum;
- reciprocating concrete pump - concrete is supplied using a working piston.
Piston
Diagram of a single-acting piston concrete pump. A self-made piston concrete pump includes several large parts such as: drive, cylinder, piston. In turn, each of these parts includes a certain number of smaller parts. The cylinder is a vessel that includes 2 check valves. They are entrusted with the task of distilling the concrete solution from the receiver into the concrete pipeline. The process itself takes place due to the well-coordinated functioning of the cylinder and piston.
When the concrete pump starts operating, the piston first starts to work. After the start of work, due to the piston, a discharge is created inside the cylinder, which propels the mixture into the successor. The piston moves to the end, and then returns to the starting position. Thanks to this operation, a pressure arises that pushes the concrete mixture into.
The industrial concrete pump has two pistons, which increases power and complicates technological processes. However, this is beneficial only for large-scale construction projects, where the rather high price of such a device will quickly pay off. But with a small construction, buying an industrial type of equipment is too wasteful, especially since a home-made pump with your own hands can be made.
Materials and tools
You need to stock up on the right tools. If you nevertheless decide to use a homemade concrete pump in your construction, then you should stock up on the necessary tools, materials and, first of all, patience. To make a concrete pump with your own hands, you will need the following materials and tools:
- sheet of metal 5 millimeters thick;
- metal pipe (preferably steel) for the cylinder;
- round metal sheets for valves and pistons;
- lathe for performing the necessary turning work;
- engine (electric);
- screwdriver;
- bolts and wrenches;
- steel or plastic pipes for the concrete pipeline;
- reducer with a reduction gear mechanism;
- welded frame.
Cylinder and piston
The main part of this is the piston and cylinder. During the manufacture of these parts, do not forget that the cylinder diameter must be 400 millimeters, and the piston stroke must be 50 centimeters. Otherwise, the number of working cycles will necessarily increase, and this is fraught with earlier wear of spare parts. In order to use your concrete pump as long and efficiently as possible, you need to take care of the utmost precision in the manufacture of the piston and cylinder.
Manufacturing process
Initially, you will need drawing accessories for making a drawing of a future product, such as a ruler, Whatman paper, compasses, pencils. If you do not have sufficient skills in designing your drawing, then you can find ready-made drawings. But it is worthwhile to use ready-made drawings for your concrete pump carefully, as they may be with errors. An excellent option is if you have not only working hands, but an engineering education.
Often, in monolithic construction, the help of small equipment is needed. This article will focus on a pump for the preparation of concrete mixture, without which it is impossible to imagine construction work. You can make this unit yourself, without spending money on buying an installation in a store.
It is known that reinforced concrete mixtures began to be used more than a century ago, since then the construction of brick and wood has faded a little into the background.
The use of reinforced concrete has greatly reduced the construction time. A few decades ago, builders did not know how to mix the mortar correctly, how to deliver it to the work site, and how to lift it to the upper floors. Today there are answers to all these questions, since science does not stand still. An example of innovation is the appearance on the construction market of such a unit as concrete pump... Using this means of small-scale mechanization, flock houses can be built faster and better.
Scientifically speaking, a concrete pump is a special equipment that receives concrete mixture and delivers it horizontally / vertically to the place of work. In other words, this is some piston transporting machine freshly prepared concrete mix.
How a concrete pump works - how it works
To make a concrete pump do it yourself, you need to understand the principle of the installation. The most striking example is a reciprocating concrete pump, which consists of three main parts:
- drive mechanism;
- cylinder;
- piston.
Two check valves are installed in the cylinder body, through which the concrete mixture is drawn in and pumped into the pipes. The piston, when moving along the cylinder, creates a vacuum, due to which the concrete is set in motion. After the piston reaches its end point, it creates pressure, and on the return stroke, the concrete mixture enters the transport pipes that lead to the place of laying or pouring the mortar.
Most often found in stores double piston pumps, they provide shock-free operation of the installation and smooth running.
DIY piston concrete pump
In order to make such a mechanism with your own hands, first of all, you need to think over a plan for manufacturing technology and draw up a drawing of the installation. The easiest way is to find a ready-made unit diagram and transfer it to whatman paper.
Next, you can proceed to the process of manufacturing the main parts - cylinder and piston... To prevent the components of the pump from wearing out, you need to correctly select their size. The diameter of the working cylinder should be at least 4.2 cm. The piston should be selected according to the size of the working stroke, the optimal value will be a stroke of 50-90 cm. Check valves should be made of alloy steel, this material can withstand prolonged exposure to the concrete mixture.
Round parts are made on a lathe. They are brought to the required size and cleaned with emery and grinding wheels. The valves are assembled with a screwdriver, and the structure is assembled using wrenches. After that, the finished concrete pump is connected to the drive. Should be divided hydraulic and electromechanical types of drives... The latter is used most often. It is started by a three-phase motor. It is fed to the piston rod through a conversion mechanism and a reduction gear. Thanks to the mechanism, the circular movements of the shaft are converted into translational movements of the piston rod. That is, it works back and forth.
The drive is mounted in the following way:
- an electric motor with a starting mechanism is attached to the base;
- the gearbox is bolted to its shaft;
- further, the conversion mechanism is assembled;
- the mechanism is connected to the shaft of the reduction gear and the piston;
- a power cable is connected to the motor.
Materials and tools
What materials and tools will you need? To make a concrete pump with your own hands, you need to prepare in advance:
- Whatman paper, pencil, compasses, ruler;
- five millimeter iron sheet;
- a steel pipe for making a cylinder;
- steel for the piston and valves (preferably round);
- lathe;
- electric motor;
- wrenches, bolts, screwdriver;
- pipes for pumping a mixture of concrete (steel and plastic);
- reduction gear;
- water, cement;
- welded frame.
There are several species concrete pumps:
- by mobility (stationary and mobile);
- by the type of mixture supply (piston and vacuum).
As mentioned above, the most popular are piston pumps... Less commonly used vacuum ones, the concrete mixture is fed into them due to the creation of a vacuum in the receiving tray.
Stationary concrete pumps cannot move independently, they are transported on a trailer. They also do not have arrows for feeding the mixture, which is not always convenient. Mobile installations the most common, most often used concrete pumps and units on a car chassis.
Concrete pump operation
After you have assembled your own concrete pump with your own hands, you need to test it. In no case should this be done at idle speed, the unit may not withstand and break down. The pump must be filled with machine oil and a working mixture of concrete and a large amount of water. After that, you need to turn on the pump to the network, and if it is assembled correctly, then the installation will work immediately.
In order for the unit to serve you as long as possible, you need it after each operation cycle. disassemble and clean details.
Using high-quality materials, you can make such an installation for 50-60,000 rubles. Of course, you can save by using more cheap components... But this will seriously degrade the quality and efficiency of the pump, which will lead to a shorter service life of the unit. In any case, before deciding to make a concrete pump yourself, you need to weigh the pros and cons. For one-time use, it is irrational to do the installation yourself.