The plaster is separated from the brick what needs to be done. To help the home craftsman: how brick walls are plastered. How to plaster brick walls

Brick finishing, although considered a rough work, is a very important element in the repair. After all, it will depend on it how smooth and even the walls are, and how the wallpaper or other facing you choose will look further. Therefore, it is worth taking this stage of work very seriously and choosing good materials.

In order to understand which composition to choose for plastering walls, you need to consider each of them separately.

Cement-sand mixture (CPB)

One of the most common and affordable types. You can cook it yourself, with sand in a ratio of 1: 3 with a little water. However, we advise you to purchase such a mixture already in stores, since it is guaranteed to have a good composition. Such a solution is quite simple to use, but the disadvantage is that it hardens for about four weeks.

Limestone

You can also make it yourself. To do this, place slaked lime in a basin or bucket and add sand to it in a ratio of 1: 5, then pour in as much water as necessary to obtain a homogeneous mass. This mixture is perfect for rooms with high humidity.

Gypsum plaster

Since this material is not suitable for damp rooms, as well as where internal ceilings are subject to shock, vibration and any mechanical stress. However, there are pluses - such a composition hardens within 5-7 days.

After we have considered three options for plastering finishes, you can make a choice for yourself what is the best plastering inside the house. However, we advise you to stop at DSP, since both gypsum and lime are significantly inferior to it in strength.

Cooking the walls

Before talking about preparing brick walls for plastering, it is worth noting that the masonry should not be completely fresh. She should be given time to shrink. Otherwise, even the most durable plaster will quickly crack and fly around. We propose to study the whole process step by step.

Cleaning

First of all, you need to clean the masonry from dirt and dust. If this is not the first finish, then dismantle the old coating, clean the space between the bricks with a metal bristle brush.

After you have cleaned the surface, it needs to be treated with an antiseptic in order to be outside.

Primer

This stage is necessary in order, firstly, to ensure strong adhesion with subsequent layers. And, secondly, it prevents moisture from penetrating into the bricks. It should be borne in mind that all building materials of this type have different porosities. For dense bricks, a composition with increased adhesion properties is suitable. For bricks of medium density it is possible. If it is porous, then it is better to buy a mineral-based composition and apply it in two layers.

The surface should be primed with a layer 0.2 mm thick.

The porosity of a brick can be determined independently. To do this, you need to drop water on it. If it was absorbed almost immediately, then the porosity is large, if it dries for 5-20 minutes - average, if it took even longer to dry, then the building material is very dense.

Reinforcement

It will be better if you purchase a plastic product as it does not corrode. However, if you have a metal mesh, then pre-treat it with a special varnish. Otherwise, rust in the future may appear in the form of yellowish ugly spots.

Installation of beacons

First you need to prepare a solution on which the beacons will be mounted. If you have, then it is made of plaster, respectively. However, there is one subtlety - to facilitate the work, this mixture should be slightly more liquid than the main one.

As for the installation of lighthouses, they themselves are from 2.5 to 3 meters long and 6 and 10 millimeters thick. You adjust their height and number based on the size of the room. We recommend keeping a distance of no more than 1.5 meters between the lighthouses.

Then, along one vertical line, "cakes" from a previously prepared solution are applied, after which the metal profile is pressed into them and leveled using a level. In this way, all the lighthouses that you are going to plaster are made.

First, install the two extreme ones. If the surface is large and you need a lot of profiles, then pull the fishing line between them, which will serve as a guide for the intermediate rails.

Instructions on how to plaster walls with cement mortar

After all the preparatory work, you can proceed to the most important thing. You will need the following tools:

master OK
level
plastering bucket
the rule
mixing bucket or bowl

Knead as indicated by the manufacturer in the instructions. Then we wet the brick. This is very important, because if you skip this step, it will absorb all the moisture from the harvested coating. Because of this, it will quickly harden and complicate further finishing.

After dampening the surface with a ladle, start sprinkling the mortar onto the wall. Let the mixture dry for a couple of hours, then repeat the action. As soon as you notice that the material began to go beyond the beacons, then remove the excess with the rule. If after that bald patches have formed on the surface, then we throw the material into this place and re-align. Thus, we achieve a uniform coating over the entire surface.

After the final coating, profiles with a thickness of 6 millimeters can be left inside, while large ones must be pulled out from the inside, otherwise they, like the reinforcing mesh, may become covered with rust, which will subsequently appear from the inside on the facing material. Fill the voids from them with a solution and level with a spatula.

After watching the video, you can reinforce your idea of \u200b\u200bhow to properly plaster a brick wall.

This step applies to both materials. Grouting is done on fresh plaster using a plastic or wooden trowel in a circular motion. At this stage, the surface is perfectly flat and ready for wallpapering. If you have plastered the walls under the tiling, then you can skip this step altogether.

Decorative plaster

This material allows you to impart a surface. It contains a synthetic resin, thanks to which the composition can be considered a complete and strong cladding.

Types of decorative plaster:

lime-sand;
stone;
terrazitic.

In work, such plaster is quite unpretentious. Install the mesh reinforcement before applying the very first thin layer. let it dry, and then show your imagination.

It can be casually applied with a spatula, thus forming large strokes, or with a simple broom, create roughness on an uncured composition. You can also apply a stamp that will create the same patterns. Once dry, you can paint over or leave the original texture.

Plastering is perhaps one of the oldest ways to level a brick wall or decorate other enclosing structures of buildings and structures, combining both protection from adverse influences and artistic and decorative design of their appearance.
Known samples of plastered surfaces have been found in ancient Egypt during excavations of Old Testament temples and tombs of the pharaohs.

According to the method of application, it is divided into simple and improved plaster of brick walls.

With the help of specially developed formulations and technologies, various properties can be imparted to the plaster coating:

heat-shielding;
soundproof;
waterproofing;
chemically resistant;
protecting from x-ray radiation;
decorative art;
and others, for special purposes, depending on the operating conditions of the plastered premises.

By the type of the most commonly used binders (binding base), plaster solutions are divided into simple ones:

Or composite - cement-lime, clay-lime and others.
The choice for what purpose and how to plaster brick walls always remains with the customer.

Raw materials for the preparation of various types of plaster

Cement plaster is a mixture of sand, cement and water, mixed in the required proportion.

Lime plaster prepared by mixing sand and lime.

Gypsum plaster prepared on the basis of a gypsum binder. To slow down the setting of such a plaster, for the convenience of its application and leveling, additives such as slaked lime, various adhesives - bone, PVA, CMC, surface active substances - trisodium phosphate solution are introduced into the solution.

Complex plasters are prepared on the basis of two or more types of binders. The most common are cement-lime or clay-lime (for finishing very hot surfaces, such as ovens) plasters.

Heat-insulating plaster obtained by using fired sand of such minerals as perlite, vermiculite, which has a low bulk density.
Sound-absorbing (acoustic) plaster is prepared by introducing sieved sand from ash, slag or volcanic pumice into ordinary plaster.

Waterproofing plaster. When preparing its composition, the so-called non-shrinking cement is used, and special additives are introduced - ferric chloride, sulphite-yeast stillage (food industry waste), as well as plasticizing and sealing additives.

Chemically resistant plaster. To make it, you need acid-resistant cement and granite or andesite sand. Liquid glass is used as a special additive.

Radiation and X-ray resistant plaster. It contains barite sand obtained by grinding a mineral containing barium sulfate.

Decorative plaster. This is a kind of plaster that is used to decorate the facades of a building or its interior. It can be characterized by the following main subspecies:

Plaster brick walls

A set of tools for work

The most necessary tools and equipment for plastering work:

pick-hammer;
plaster trowel;
plumb line;
water and bubble levels;
hacksaws;
pruning knife;
drill (puncher);
screwdriver;
square;
spraying bucket;
rake rule;
half-scraper (wooden or plastic);
falcon (square steel sheet 40 x 40 cm with a handle);
thin nylon cord or thread;
wide brush-maklovitsa;
scaffolds, step-ladders;
protective devices.

For decorative plaster, additional tools, fixtures and templates may be needed.

Surface preparation

Before plastering a brick wall, you need to pay extra attention to its surface. Most of the brick walls are made of two of the most common types of bricks - clay, ordinary (red) or silicate (white). Brick walls can already bear a layer of wound plaster. At best, this plaster should be completely removed. If for some reason this is not possible, all peeling and sections that have lost reliable adhesion to the wall should be removed.

When masonry walls are made specially for plastering, for better adhesion to the coating, the seams between the bricks by 1.5 ... 2.0 cm remain not filled with mortar. After dust removal and priming, such walls can be plastered without any additional measures.

If the joints of the brickwork are completely filled, metal meshes are used to ensure reliable adhesion of the plaster solution to the brick surface. They can be flat, welded from wire with a diameter of up to 4 ... 5 mm, or volumetric - a chain-link mesh or a mesh-notch. On the wall, the mesh is fixed with construction dowels using a special pistol.

Before starting the application of the plaster to the brick wall, it must be thoroughly dedusted, preferably with an air compressor, and primed with a deep impregnation compound.

The thickness of the plaster of brick walls using a mesh is not recommended to exceed more than 5 cm.If the mesh is not used, the plaster on the brick wall should be 2.5 cm thick.

Installation of beacons

Lighthouses are slats installed on walls in such a way that when a special rigid slat-rule is applied to the lighthouses, excess mortar is removed, and the plastered surface becomes even and smooth.

Smooth wooden slats can be used as beacons, the width of which should be 0.5 ... 1.5 cm less than the thickness of the plaster coating. On sale there are ready-made beacons made of aluminum or bent sheet metal with channel or T-bar profiles (inverted letter "T"). It is preferable to use beacons with a T-section - after use, they do not need to be removed from the finished plaster coating and the resulting gaps should not be repaired.

The lighthouses are installed vertically on the wall with a step from 600 to 1000 mm, depending on the length and stiffness of the used rule-rail. The markings for beacons are made on the walls using a plumb line. Holes with a diameter of 6 mm are drilled along the vertical marking lines with a step of 100 mm, into which the corresponding dowels with screws are inserted. The screw heads are aligned so that they are in the same plane both vertically and horizontally.

This is achieved using plumb lines, levels, as well as a thin strong cord or nylon thread. For best results, you can use a laser level. Vertically hung beacon laths are pressed with a wide shelf to the screw heads and fixed with a fast-hardening gypsum solution.

After installation, the fastening of the beacons should be strengthened by filling the empty spaces between the screws under the slats with plaster mortar.

Plastering

The very technology of work when plastering the facade and walls of the interior is practically the same. For facades, cement-sand plaster is used, but the best way to plaster brick walls inside the house depends on the purpose of the premises. It can be gypsum, and lime, and cement-lime mortars.

In accordance with the current Building Codes and Rules (SNiP), plastering of brick walls must be applied in layers, called:
- splash, the first layer in contact with the working surface, providing reliable adhesion, its thickness is 2 mm;
- primer, a more viscous layer applied to the spray after the start of its setting, the main layer of plaster, applied in layers, each not more than 5 mm thick, until the total required thickness of the plaster coating is achieved; each subsequent layer of soil is applied after the beginning of the setting of the previous one;
- the cover, the final smoothing layer for leveling, is carried out with a solution wiped through a fine sieve.

When applying layers of plaster ground layer, a rail-rule is used, with ends cantilever protruding beyond the boundaries of the lighthouses by 10 ... 15 cm. The rail is moved, pressing it against the lighthouses without tearing, with forward wave-like movements, cutting off the excess solution.

After plastering works, the finished surface can be putty, primed, painted, pasted over with wallpaper or revetted with a variety of finishing materials.

Decorating brick walls in a room requires mandatory leveling work. During construction, even theoretically, it is impossible to get a flat surface, so you have to level it. The same must be done when renovating an apartment - the old leveling layer must be replaced. Plastering brick walls comes to the rescue in such cases.

To carry out any construction work, you need to have building materials and a set of tools at hand. How to plaster brick walls indoors?

Materials:

Portland cement M400 or M500 or dry plaster mixes;
River sand, washed from clay and sifted;
Fiberglass fiber - added to plaster to prevent cracking of its surface;
Plasticizers (PVA glue - to accelerate the setting, liquid soap to slow down the hardening process);
Water;
Brick primer (Ceresit CT 16, Condor Tiefgrund LF, Alpina Primer).

Tools and fixtures:

Stepladder (you can prepare a special portable platform - goats) to create more comfortable working conditions at a height of 1.5 m to 2.5-3.0 m;
Perforator, you will need: for joining cracks and deepening seams between bricks; drilling holes for dowels when installing beacons; stirring the solution (when changing the nozzle it is used as a mixer);
Dowels with self-tapping screws - for fastening guide beacons to bricks;
Phillips screwdriver or screwdriver for screwing in self-tapping screws;
Metal profiles for lighthouses;
Roulette - needed to mark the lines of beacons and determine the thickness of the plaster;
Plumb line - it controls the installation of vertical profiles;
The rule with a level of 2.0-2.5 m long is used when installing the guide profiles of the beacons and leveling the freshly applied mortar;
Scissors for metal (grinder) for cutting the profile of beacons;
Hammer;
Chisel - for removing the remains of plaster and jointing cracks;
Paint brush (spray gun or roller) for applying the primer to the walls;
Bath for primer;
Construction (bubble) level;
A steel brush or scraper (another name is "cutting") - for cleaning brickwork from old paint, wallpaper. It also helps to remove irregularities from the old mortar, as well as formed when applying new plaster;
Capacity for the preparation of plaster (bucket for 10-15 liters);
Bouchard is a highly specialized tool for applying notches to walls for better adhesion (adhesion) of the mortar to the brick. It looks like a heavy hammer with barbs at the end. Its varieties are Trojans and Cogs;
Bucket for applying mortar to the wall. Replaces falcon and trowel, but does not completely replace them. Experienced craftsmen practically do not use it. Therefore, you can safely do without it;
Falcon is a wooden board with a handle attached in the middle. Used to transfer mortar from the bucket to the wall. First, the plaster mixture is applied to the board with a trowel, and then it is taken from the falcon and applied to the wall. With its help, the applied plaster is also leveled;
Trowel, has other names - trowel, plaster blade. It is a small-sized steel blade ground on both sides with a curved handle. With its help: the components of the mixture are dosed when it is kneaded; stir the solution in the absence of a mixer; put plaster on the falcon; throw plaster mortar on the wall;
Half-trowel - used to smooth out the plaster layer after several throws of the mortar with a bucket or trowel. Having an elongated shape and a beveled end, it seals corners and narrow parts of walls well. Due to the fact that it is light and smooth, the solution does not stick to it;
Grater - for the final leveling of the surface. They can have a different work surface. Graters with replaceable nozzles appeared on sale;
Malka. Used for leveling plaster in the presence of external corners (window and door slopes);
Smoothing machine - used to smooth the cover layer. Indispensable when applying decorative plaster - with its help you can get its thinnest layer;
A set of spatulas. A narrow tool is used to seal cracks and joints, while a wide one is needed to apply and grind the putty when finishing the wall after plastering. A spatula with a rubber surface is needed for plastering curly and spherical surfaces.

Note: Experienced professionals use two rules. Short, no more than 1.5 m, - it is more convenient to level the applied plaster, long - to check the quality of the work performed.

The better to plaster the brick inside the house, and what is outside

How to plaster brick walls inside the house? For these purposes, you can use any plaster mixtures from:

cement;
gypsum;
clay;
lime, with the addition of any of the above components to the base.

External plastering of brick walls is carried out only with cement-sand or lime mortar. If you finish the facade with a solution using gypsum or clay, then very soon the plaster outside the house will begin to crumble - on the street it is destructively affected by rain, wind and sun.

Preparatory work

How to plaster a brick wall with your own hands? To proceed directly to plastering work, a number of sequential operations should be performed:

prepare the wall surface;
install beacons;
apply a primer to a brick or install a mesh.

The durability of the wall completely depends on the quality of the preparation of the wall for plastering. Remains of old plaster mortar, oil stains from paint, poorly cleaned brick surface from wallpaper residues are the main reasons for the lagging of the plaster layer.

Experts believe that high-quality plastering is possible only if a third of the time spent on facing work is spent on preparing the walls for plastering.

The technology of preparing the wall for plastering provides for a cycle of work.

Complete all general construction and installation work related to the wall: lay hidden electrical wiring; install door and window frames; fix various types of hooks and pins for hanging furniture and household appliances on the wall.
Thoroughly clean the wall from paint residues, wallpaper, old mortar. Cut or remove traces of oil paint with greasy clay. If these works are carried out poorly, the solution simply will not stick to the wall in poorly cleaned places.
Fill cracks - they reduce sound insulation, increase heat loss, serve as a source of condensation, open masonry joints for better adhesion of the plaster to the wall.
Apply notches to the brick to create adhesion between it and the mortar.
Treat the entire wall surface with a penetrating primer.

Attention: step-by-step instructions for preparing walls for plastering work are described in the material "".

Installation of beacons

Plastering work is rarely performed by high-level professionals with the installation of beacons. However, a beginner in this type of facing work cannot do without them.

Their installation is quite simple, in contrast to the beacons under the floor screed. To do this, you will need guide profiles, a plumb line, a tape measure, dowels with self-tapping screws and a nylon thread (you can replace it with a fishing line). The work is carried out in the following sequence:

The guides of the beacons with metal scissors or a grinder are adjusted to the height of the room;
At a distance of 50-100 mm from the corner of the wall, floor and ceiling, self-tapping screws are screwed into the dowels (for the dowels, holes are drilled with a perforator or drill). Above the wall, the screws should protrude by the thickness of the plaster layer;

Important: if the ceiling is higher than 2.5 m, it is necessary to screw in the self-tapping screw also in the middle of the wall.

Using a plumb line, self-tapping screws are installed in one plane vertically;
Similar work is being done in another corner of the wall;
The fishing line is stretched horizontally between the screws. If anywhere the wall goes beyond the stretched fishing line, the layer of plaster increases (the screws on one of the beacons are gradually unscrewed);
The number of beacon lines is determined, while the distance between them should be no more than 1.5 m (the optimal value is 1 m);
Self-tapping screws are screwed in at the ends of each line of beacons;
Small heaps of plaster mortar are applied vertically between the self-tapping screws, into which the guide profiles are pressed. Their vertical is controlled by a plumb line, the solution protruding beyond the profile is cut off.

Important: after the plaster has set, the beacons and self-tapping screws are removed, and their traces are sealed with putty.

Plaster preparation

What is the best way to plaster brick walls inside the house? For these purposes, you can use a solution:

Based on cement and sand. Most effective in bathrooms and kitchens with high humidity;
Plaster or gypsum-lime. The addition of gypsum increases the strength of the plaster, however, it can only be used indoors, without moisture drops;
Lime (only slaked lime is used).

A detailed analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the components of the plaster solution is made in the article "".

The easiest way is to take a ready-made plaster mixture and prepare it according to the instructions printed on the package. A more economical option is to buy the components of the solution separately and mix them yourself.

It should be borne in mind that gypsum accelerates the setting of the solution. In the absence of sufficient experience in finishing work, the plaster based on it will harden in a mixing container - an inexperienced specialist simply will not have time to transfer it to the wall. In such cases, it is necessary to use a sand-cement mixture. Its preparation is not difficult.

2 parts of sand and one of M400 cement are poured into a mixing container (if Portland M500 cement is used, 3 parts of sand are taken) and stirred. Add a little fiber and stir again.

A little fiber is again introduced into the resulting mixture and stirred again (if the fiber is added in one portion, the output may result in spiky balls, which will have to be selected from a dry solution and discarded).

Only after thorough stirring is water added in small portions until a mass is obtained, similar in consistency to thick sour cream. When applying the primer (this is the 2nd layer in the language of the builders), the solution is stirred until the dough is thick.

Important: if the solution is used untimely, it begins to thicken. It is strictly forbidden to add water and return it to its previous fluidity - the proportions of the components of the plaster are violated, which will certainly affect the quality of the work.

Application of the solution

How to properly plaster a brick wall yourself? Here you need to adhere to the following recommendations.

The volume of the batch should be small in order to have time to lay it within 1 hour.
The stirred solution should be allowed to "rest" for a few minutes.
Plastering work should be carried out in 3 layers - in the slang of builders, they are called spraying, soil and covering (the minimum thickness of the plaster layer is 1 cm).
The solution for the first layer (spraying) is prepared in a mandatory ratio of 1 to 2 - an increased amount of binder is necessary for better adhesion of the solution to the wall. The consistency is sour cream.

Attention: if the walls have not been primed, then they must be moistened before plastering. If this is not done, the wall will take some of the water from the solution, which will change its proportions. As a result, the hydration process will be disrupted.

The first layer starts from the bottom left corner. Lead from bottom to top, left to right. First, the space between the first and second beacons is closed, then the second and third, etc. The thickness of the spray is 4-5 mm, which allows you to get good adhesion of the mortar to the wall. It is applied with a trowel by abruptly throwing a small amount of plaster onto the wall (hence the spray). In this case, you need to use a brush, and not with the whole hand - this is the only way to achieve filling with a solution of all voids. From the container to the wall, the solution is fed on a falcon. After 3 minutes, strongly protruding areas are either removed or smoothed out. It is not necessary to level the spray.

The initial layer of the solution can be applied by another method - spreading. Its essence: a mortar is applied to the falcon with a trowel, brought to the wall and spread over it with a plaster spatula.

The next layer - the ground - is applied with a thicker plaster (approximately like a dough) and a different ratio of components (cement / sand as 1/3). It is applied after the first layer has completely dried. Maximum thickness 20 mm. Application technology: the plaster is poured onto the wall with a trowel, mainly on those places where the grooves remained after spraying, then it is leveled from the bottom up (the excess is returned to the container with the solution). If there are recesses left, plaster is again poured onto them and the rule is put into action again. The final leveling of the soil is done with a scraper. They can work up and down or left and right. If the soil layer is more than 2 cm thick, then it must be applied in two steps.

Important: with a plaster thickness of more than 3 cm, it is economically expedient to abandon the plastering of the walls and level them with gypsum plasterboards.

Before applying the third coat, the cover, the second coat should dry well. The solution is made liquid and preferably only from cement. When mixed with sand, the parts must be equal, and the components must be sieved on a fine sieve so that there are no lumps and small stones. It is applied with a trowel no more than 2 mm thick. Before application, the wall is wetted with water. It is leveled with a half-grater in a circular motion. You will also need a wooden (plastic) trowel here.

Attention: the cover should slightly cover the guide profiles of the beacons.

After the plaster has set, the beacons are removed, and the traces are sealed with either cement-sand mortar or putty.

The final stage

Finishing work on plastering the walls - grout. It can be performed both on a set, but still wet layer of plaster, and after its complete drying in a few days. For work, you need a grater and a small amount of solution.

At this stage, small defects of the plaster are repaired and the protruding strips of mortar are removed. According to the technology, the grater must always be clean, so it must be constantly washed with water. If grouting work is carried out on a completely dried layer of mortar, then it must be moistened with water from a spray bottle before grouting.

Grouting is carried out with a grater in a circular motion. Some experts do this "overdrive", which is much more difficult. Experienced craftsmen also use a grater with felt stuffed onto the surface.

This completes the plastering work. For further work, the walls need to be well dried and only then primed, putty, paint or wallpaper.

Differences between plastering walls outside and inside

When comparing technologies for plastering brick walls from the outside and from the inside, we note several important points:

When applying plaster to the walls of a building from the outside, a cement-sand mortar is the best option.
The walls must be upholstered with mesh.
Before the installation of the lighthouses, the corners of the building, the slopes of the door and window openings are upholstered with a special plastic corner, which acts as a reinforcing mesh.
The thickness of the plaster layer should not exceed 15 mm.
Before applying the coating, the plaster is primed 2 times.

The rest of the technology is the same.

Plastering of brick walls is an obligatory stage in the course of construction. It is also used for repairs in an apartment or in a private house. In the course of work, it is recommended to completely remove the old plaster layer and apply a new one, even if there are no obvious defects on its surface. How to plaster a brick wall correctly and with what mortar - this will be discussed.

The main task of the plaster layer is to level the surface. It performs a few more less significant functions:

protects a brick wall from moisture ingress;
significantly increases the sound and thermal insulation of the building;
performs decorative functions.

According to their purpose, working compositions for plastering brick walls are divided into the following types:

ordinary;
special;
decorative.

The usual composition is used in order to plaster the walls inside the room. After drying, it must be finished with wallpaper or paint. The special solution has a special structure, which is able to give the walls additional properties of thermal insulation and sound insulation. This solution also improves the moisture resistance of the surface. Decorative plaster mix is \u200b\u200busually used on the outside of the building. It can be of different colors and textures. This gives the walls a completely new look.

Each of the listed types of mortar consists of sand and a binder, which is most often used as cement. It is sometimes replaced with gypsum, clay, or lime. It depends on the place of laying: indoors or outdoors, in a bathhouse or in some other place.

What tools are needed to work

Plastering brick walls cannot be done without some tools. For work you may need:

plaster shovel;
ladle;
trowel, grater and half-grater;
rule;
"Falcon", trowel, angle levelers;
plumb line, building level, plaster scraper.

Using a spatula, the components are dosed when mixing the solution and level it on the wall surface. It is best to have a bucket with a capacity of 1 liter. The rule is to level the mixture on the wall when working with beacons. The rest of the tools are used to finish the outer and inner corners, to control the verticality of the finished coating.

How to get the job done

Plastering a brick wall with your own hands is done in several stages:

surface cleaning;
inspection;
primer;
applying plaster.

Surface cleaning includes removing old layers, reinforcement and dust. After that, you need to carefully examine the surface, find cracks and cracks on it that need to be removed. If this is not done, the thermal insulation of the room will be broken, condensation and harmful insects will begin to accumulate in the cracks. It is better to putty these flaws. After removing the cracks, it is necessary to treat the surface with an antiseptic and prime it. This work will protect the wall from mold and prepare it for plastering.

Immediately before applying the plaster, you can install a reinforcing mesh. It is fixed with metal hooks that are installed in the seams between the individual masonry bricks. It is better to choose a plastic mesh. The metal product will cause rust.

You can plaster the wall with cement or plaster mortar. If you finish the walls with gypsum plaster, it will quickly set. Therefore, you need to cook it in small quantities. It dries up within 30-40 minutes. Complete solidification occurs in 5-6 days. For cement mortar, this period extends to a month. Prepare the solution as follows:

sand is sieved to remove various debris;
dry sand is mixed with dry cement in a 3: 1 ratio;
while continuing to stir the solution, water is added to it.

To speed up the mixing process, you can use a drill equipped with a mixer attachment and turn it on at 800 rpm. The finished solution should stand for 5 minutes. Then it is mixed again, and you can start working. The plasticity of the solution can be increased by introducing PVA, latex, and other plasticizers into it. The amount of ready-made cement mortar should be such that it can be consumed within an hour and a half. In the future, it will begin to dry and fall off the walls.

Plastering a brick wall begins with spraying the surface. The thickness of this layer is no more than 5 mm. The surface must first be slightly moistened. Otherwise, the dry wall will suck the moisture out of the working mixture and it will fall off. Next, the layer is primed with a trowel or a trowel. The solution is triturated from bottom to top. A plastered area of \u200b\u200babout 2 m² is leveled with a rule.

The next stage is covering. This is the finish layer. It is quite thin, about 2mm thick. Apply with a trowel or float in a circular motion. It is recommended to repeat this process twice. As a result, a wall should appear, ready for decorative covering with wallpaper or paint.

Conclusion on the topic

A brick wall always has irregularities. This can be corrected by covering the walls with gypsum or cement plaster. How to plaster your house correctly? For work, you need to prepare tools and materials. The mortar needs sand and cement. Sometimes gypsum, clay or lime is used instead of cement. How to plaster brick walls? It is necessary to mix the working solution correctly. This is done manually or using a mortar mixer, drill with a mixer. The walls undergo some preparation. All cracks and cracks are sealed on them, the surfaces are primed and putty. Then several layers of plaster are applied to them. The last layer is the finishing one. It makes the wall flat, ready to be painted or tiled or wallpaper.

Sand for the solution must be sieved and mixed with a binder in the form of cement or gypsum. A little water is added and the working mixture is mixed. The proportions are usually given on the cement packaging. The general recommended thickness of a layer of cement plaster is up to 12 mm, for a gypsum composition - 20 mm. Wall plastering is also done using drywall. This method allows you to perform the work more cleanly and quickly, but it reduces the area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment due to the formwork elements. The "raw" method is more valuable in that it has a special strength compared to drywall sheets.

It is recommended to use the following compounds as a primer: Forward Grunt, Kreps Primer, Osnovit T-51 or Plitonit Grunt-1. There are no particular difficulties in wall decoration. But if you have doubts about your own abilities, you should turn to a knowledgeable person for help.

Brickwork cladding is an integral part of the construction process. When repairing already plastered walls, even if there are no visible defects, it is recommended to remove the old layer. Over time, it will begin to deteriorate and all efforts to decorate the premises will be reduced to zero. What kind of plaster is better to process a brick wall, how to properly prepare a solution and carry out the whole process with your own hands, we will consider in detail.

Varieties of plaster

The main task of using plaster for brick walls is to level the surface. In addition, it successfully performs several more functions:

creates a protective barrier when moisture gets on a brick wall;
increases the heat and sound insulation properties of the surface;
serves as a decorative finish on a brick wall.

Depending on the purpose, manufacturers offer several types of plaster, including:

Regular. It is used for basic interior decoration of a room, followed by painting or wallpapering.
Special compositions of plaster are better in their structure due to the additional imparting of heat and sound insulation properties to the wall, the moisture resistance of the surface also improves.
Decorative plaster is more often used for outdoor decoration. After its application, a brick wall can acquire a colored, textured or embossed surface.

In order to qualitatively plaster a brick wall with your own hands, it is necessary to correctly select a solution, which consists of a binder and sand. The function of the binder is most often performed by cement, if necessary, gypsum, lime or clay can be used. The composition of the plaster is selected depending on the further operating conditions of the brickwork, whether it will be an internal partition or an external wall, a stove in a bathhouse or other purpose.

Tools for the job

The organization of the repair process with your own hands requires the availability of all the necessary tools and materials. To work with plaster you will need:

Plastering trowel designed for dosage, mixing of components and leveling of the applied solution.

Bucket with a volume of 1 liter.
Plastering trowel, trowel and float.
The rule for leveling the solution along the lighthouses with your own hands.
Scoop, falcon, plastering trowel and corner leveler.
Building level, plumb line, scraper.

Preparatory stage

Sometimes, in order to shorten the period of repair work, the preparation of the surface for plaster with your own hands takes place in an accelerated mode. It is a misconception that the preliminary steps only involve removing dirt and fasteners. The sequence of actions before starting plastering the walls is as follows:

Remove the old layer, if any, remove protruding reinforcement, clean the surface of the walls from dust.

Visual inspection. All gaps between adjacent walls and the ceiling must be removed. Any crack not only reduces the thermal insulation of the room, but also contributes to the formation of condensation. The penetration of insects into such depressions is also possible.
Before you start priming, it is better to treat the brick wall with an antiseptic. The base of the wall is made of various bricks with different porosity, so preliminary sanitization is necessary to prevent the appearance of mold.
The walls in front of the plaster with your own hands must be primed. Firstly, it prevents the "pulling" of moisture from the solution, and secondly, it increases the adhesion of the plaster to the brick. If you need to prime a wall made of porous bricks, it is better to use a mineral-based composition, which is characterized by deep penetration. If necessary, apply it in a second layer.
If the surface of the brick wall is uneven, it is better to make reinforcement in front of the plaster. The mesh is fixed on metal hooks that “sink” into the seams between the brickwork.

Advice! Reinforcing mesh material must be resistant to moisture. It is optimal to choose a plastic product. The metal product will further provoke the appearance of rust spots.

For high-quality adhesion of the plaster layer to the wall, it is better to deepen the seams between the brickwork.

Preparation of the solution

For plastering brick walls with their own hands, two types of mortar are mainly used: cement or gypsum, which have certain differences. The gypsum composition sets faster, so you need to cook it in small portions. A cement-based mortar is allowed to be injected in large volumes. Complete drying of gypsum-based plaster occurs within 5-6 days. When working with a cement composition, the process takes 4 weeks.

You can do the plastering of brick walls with your own hands in two ways: with and without beacons. Regardless of the method chosen, the process for preparing a solution for plaster does not differ. Identical components for the composition are taken in different proportions, depending on the stage of the work - whether it will be a starting or finishing finish. So, preparing a solution for plastering walls with your own hands includes the following steps:

The introduction of additional components will help to increase the plasticity and adhesion of the plaster solution, their roles are:

pVA dispersion;
plasticizer;
latex.

Over the next hour and a half, the composition for plastering brick walls must be used, otherwise it will lose its properties. If the solution has thickened, a small amount of water may be added. After the allotted time, the mass will begin to crumble. What consistency the solution should be can be seen in the following video:

Technological process

Plastering of brick walls is carried out in several stages. Initially, the brick surface is sprayed with a liquid solution. The thickness of the bottom layer, which is applied by drawing, does not exceed 5 mm. Before spraying, the wall needs to be wetted, otherwise, upon contact with a dry base, moisture from the mixture will quickly be absorbed, as a result of which the plaster will lose its strength. By penetrating the pores and unevenness of the brick wall, the first layer of plaster promotes good adhesion.

At the second stage, the surface must be primed. Unlike the previous procedure with a liquid solution, priming the walls is required with a composition with a thicker consistency. This layer is the main one in the whole process of plastering the brick surface. In addition to shaping the thickness, it further flattens the wall. Before you start priming, the surface of the wall also needs to be moistened. For work, you will need a trowel or a trowel. The cement composition should be on the edge of the tool, it is necessary to prime by rubbing the solution with movements from the bottom up.

Advice! The walls are primed in stages, after processing 1-2 m2, they proceed to leveling the composition.

The leveling procedure is carried out using a trowel or grater. The direction of movement does not matter, the main thing is to get a smooth brick wall surface. When the primer is finished, they proceed to the final stage of plastering the brick surface, the so-called cover. The topcoat layer is 2 mm. Traditionally, before applying the plaster, the wall is moistened with a spray gun or a paint brush. After a short process of moisture absorption, they proceed to the distribution of the topcoat.