Different plastic windows are included. Types of window profiles and their characteristics. Final installation of windows: everything is strictly according to the contract

Today, not all consumers know what windows are and what material they are made of. At the same time, manufacturers of window structures use materials such as wood, aluminum, polyvinyl chloride, glass composite, steel, as well as their combinations.

The most modern solution is plastic windows (PVC). However, the owner must independently determine which windows to purchase. Such decisions should be based on the functional load that will be placed on the product.

History of creation and advantages of PVC windows

Germany is the leader in the production of plastic windows. It all started with the fact that in the first half of the 19th century, the German scientist Henri Victor Regnault invented polyvinyl chloride. At the beginning of the 20th century, the scientist Fritz Klatte received a patent for the production of polyvinyl chloride. And already in the second half of the 20th century, the German designer Heinz Pasche patented window frames using polyvinyl chloride.

Plastic structures have been gradually improved and since the 70s of the 20th century, they have become very popular, replacing traditional wooden products.

• Long service life;
• High noise and heat insulation;
• Various design of window frames;
• Security. Plastic windows are difficult to ignite and non-toxic;
• Ease of care;
• High resistance to corrosion.

Construction of plastic windows

Plastic windows consist of the following elements:

• Window frame;
• sashes;
• Fittings;
• Double-glazed windows.

Window frame

The basis of the window design is its frame, which is installed in the window opening of the building. Frames vary in thickness, this parameter is also called mounting depth.

The thickness of the frame is most often 5.8 cm, 6 cm and 7 cm. Occasionally, there are designs with an installation depth of up to 13 cm.

To determine what sizes you need to order the consumer, it is better to consult with experts. Shutters are also attached to the frame, which are fixed with fittings.

sashes

Plastic windows can be single-leaf and multi-leaf. Single-leaf products are usually installed in small window openings. The cost of such a design is relatively low. Consumers give preference to multi-leaf windows when it is necessary to glaze a large area, for example, a loggia. Here, the sashes can be combined in different ways of opening.

accessories

Window fittings perform the functions of fixing the sashes in various positions in height, horizontally and diagonally. Manufacturers also offer anti-burglary fittings, which allows you to get rid of unaesthetic metal gratings. Anti-burglary fittings provide different degrees of protection:

• WK1. The base level protects against physical force. Includes strike striker and corner switch with anti-burglary trunnion. The system is also drill-proof and has a lockable handle;
• WK2. Protection against the use of screwdrivers, pliers, wedges. This model is based on the previous version;
• WK3. This option is designed against scrap and pry bar. Here, additional anti-burglary locking pins are used to reduce the distance between the locking points.

Double-glazed windows

Several glasses, fastened together by separators, form a double-glazed window. Usually double-glazed windows are made of 2-3 glasses glued around the perimeter. Inside the double-glazed window is placed a substance that absorbs moisture, so the double-glazed window becomes airtight. Purified air or inert argon gas is pumped into the double-glazed window.

The most common single-chamber double-glazed windows, that is, packages consisting of two glasses, between which there is an air chamber. Double-glazed windows are used in houses near highways, as well as in regions with a cold climate.

To decide which is better to order double-glazed windows, the buyer needs to proceed from the functions that the window will perform. When installing a double-glazed window, you should pay attention to the fittings - poor-quality locking mechanisms may not withstand the weight of the sash.

Classification of plastic structures

Depending on the type of opening, PVC windows are divided into:

• Deaf - these products do not open and do not have fittings, so their cost is the lowest;
• Folding (fanlight) - products open only from above. This option is convenient if the window sill is occupied by indoor plants. However, cleaning such windows is quite difficult;
• Pivot windows are traditional windows that open in one direction, most often from left to right;
• Swing-out - combine two types of opening;
• Rotating - a rare and expensive model that is designed for maximum comfort. The system is fixed in all positions;
• Sliding models - used for balconies and loggias.

Plastic windows are rectangular, round, arched, triangular, trapezoidal and complex shapes.

By appointment, PVC windows are divided into:

• - the inner side of the double-glazed window is covered with silver ions, reflecting infrared and long-wave radiation. The air chambers are filled with an inert gas, argon, which protects the silver coating from oxidation and contributes to better thermal insulation. Energy-saving windows allow you to save on heating;

• Soundproof - usually these are windows with double-glazed windows, the outer glasses, unlike the inner ones, are thicker, and the air chamber is filled with argon;

• Tinted - the easiest way to tint involves applying a special film to the double-glazed window. Toning is used for decorative purposes, and also protects the room from ultraviolet radiation, increases the strength of the glass and makes it safer in case of destruction;

• Shock-resistant - usually such structures are installed in shops, warehouses, offices, in places where valuables are stored. Impact-resistant glass includes triplex and tempered glass. Triplex is glass connected with the help of a special film or resin, in case of violation of the integrity of the double-glazed window, the fragments remain glued. To achieve this result, the glass undergoes heat treatment;

• Self-cleaning - it is advisable to install such structures on high-rise buildings and shop windows. The principle of self-cleaning lies in the fact that the debris does not stick to surfaces thanks to the thinnest film made of titanium oxide, but is washed off by rain without traces of drops and streaks.

The leader in sales are the plastic windows of the German company VEKA, which has branches in many countries of the world, including Russia. Windows of the German brands REHAU and KBE are also popular.

For a long time and firmly, PVC windows have occupied a niche in the construction business. Beautiful appearance, durability in operation are the main indicators of their popularity. But few people did not wonder what plastic windows are when they decided to insert them into their own openings. Meanwhile, their varieties and types are enough.

Main characterizing points

The classification of types of plastic windows contains several points.

By design:

• paired;
• separate;
• single.

By form:

• rectangular;
• square;
• round.

Glazing type:

• with one glass;
• double-glazed windows.

In our country, PVC windows began to appear relatively recently and, as a rule, contain a double-glazed window, less often three. Comfortable living in your own home depends on how correct the choice of plastic windows was.

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What should be considered for the right decision

Self-measurement is not recommended. Window measurements are made by a master installer, who, thanks to his professionalism, will take into account the exit to a certain side, the state of the window opening and a host of other nuances invisible to the eye of a simple layman. In addition, dimensions also matter according to the type of room - large plastic windows will make you look at the world as if from an aquarium, while small ones will make the room dark. According to lighting standards, openings should be half the width of the room.

Location.

Important: if the plastic windows come out on the leeward side, then you may have to strengthen the structure. This will also be reported by the master, who makes the necessary measurements.

Form and design.

Now the development is such that a plastic window can be made by anyone, this will be reported in the manufacturing company. If the owners wish to preserve at least the appearance of the tree - please - the frame will be, as if from an array. If the design of the room requires a certain color, there is no difficulty either, at least order a rainbow. The owners only need not to disturb their own appearance of the home, not to create a color dissonance in it.

Movable elements of plastic windows have a different configuration. In addition to the main function - to open and close, they must work in the ventilation mode and be removed completely to install the mosquito net. All PVC windows are divided into several types - rotary, folding and deaf. This is an incomplete list, but the most popular.

One of the sashes or the entire window is made stationary. There are situations when opening is simply impossible or not necessary, for example, these are constructions in public places.

In this case, the disadvantages of such a design are tangible - neither to wash, if the window is above the first floor, nor to ventilate it.

Plus - the price. Of all types of plastic windows, deaf windows are the cheapest, precisely because of the lack of fittings.

Rotary models.

The most popular plastic window, opens only in one direction. At the same time, the price is low.

Swing-out.

The opening or tilting mechanism allows you to open the structure wide or make a small gap for ventilation. Very comfortable, especially for those who want to sleep in the fresh air. There are disadvantages, but already in technical details - the fittings must be of high quality, because the weight of the structure is quite serious.

Folding.

A plastic window that does not have sashes, but only a canvas with an opening at the top. They are installed in basements, on stairs and other places where folding models can be dangerous. The good thing is that it allows you to tilt the sash in the winter, preventing the room from overcooling - the mechanism allows you to deflect the structure even by 1 mm. Minus - in the care of such models. Above the first floor you will have to wield a hose.

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Memo for the buyer of plastic windows

Before making a choice, it is worth thinking about a few nuances of such structures and your own wishes, so as not to go broke. So, before you go to a company for the manufacture and installation of plastic windows, you need to:

Decide on the funds, according to the company's tariffs.

Many firms make discounts and bonuses for plastic windows, it’s worth taking advantage of them, but we must not forget that such a “promotion” can contain a lot of interesting points that cannot then be proven in court. You should read the contract very carefully.

Pay attention to the manufacturer of the profile and fittings.

Determine for yourself the desired configuration of the structure.

It entirely depends on the weather conditions and the climate of the region where they are supposed to be placed. As a rule, two-chamber packages are enough for the Russian winter, but in some cities they put three. In this case, a plastic window is somewhat more expensive, but you should not save on heat.

Do not miss the soundproofing conditions, it depends on the location of the house.

If there is a motorway or public places nearby, this fact should be taken into account and consulted with a consultant. Otherwise, there is a risk of not getting enough comfort, because plastic windows will not meet this condition.

Appearance.

Everyone wants the windows to form a single composition with the interior of the apartment. Such solutions have existed for a long time and will allow homeowners to choose any color. This also applies not only to the metal profile of plastic windows, but also to the texture of glass.

Fittings are the main component of a PVC window, responsible for safety.

It's not worth saving on. Reliable elements cannot be cheap, they should be 1/3 of the price of the total cost of the structure. This can be learned from the consultant of the company, who is obliged to devote the consumer to all the details of the work.

Special purpose security.

Such double-glazed windows have tempered glass and reinforced profiles. Glasses, even if they can be broken, will not fly into fragments, but will simply crack if a special polymer film was used. Strengthening the profile will make the design reliable in terms of falling out of the glass itself. Such plastic windows are placed where maximum security is needed - children's rooms.

Some models are reinforced options for even greater reliability.

Installation.

If home craftsmen do not have the necessary qualifications, then you should not even try to install structures on your own or with the help of a neighbor. It's just that later there will be no one to ask - the plastic window will be hopelessly damaged. The company's masters have long worked out the algorithm of actions for installing a plastic window, so the work will not take much time. In addition, you do not need to free the openings from the old frames yourself; for the proper performance of this work, a corresponding section in the contract is also provided.

Having decided on all the points of the right choice, you can decide which plastic window is right for the assigned living space, and begin the negotiation process with the nearest installation company. An important point is that you need to read the contract in full, without skipping even the fine print, where the terms, equipment and additional points are indicated in black and white. Without this, there will be no one to complain about.

Plastic windows have long and firmly displaced. Newspapers and bulletin boards today are literally full of offers from different manufacturers. In such a saturated market, it is difficult, and often consumers are guided by the lowest prices and the attractiveness of advertising. The fallacy of this approach manifests itself already in the first winter, when drafts, frosts appear, and the windows begin to sweat. Do not repeat the mistakes of thousands of users - The choice of plastic windows must be done deliberately. A little knowledge of the theory will help you understand which design would be preferable in a particular house or apartment.

No. 1. Construction of plastic windows

In order to properly navigate the market for a particular product, you need to know what and how it is made of. The main structural elements of a plastic window are the frame, sashes, fittings, sealant and glazing bead. The frame and sashes consist of a plastic profile reinforced with a steel profile.

The frame is the basis of the structure, is installed in the window opening. frame profile consists of several chambers, each of which has its own purpose: to drain condensate, place a reinforcing bar, fix fittings, etc. double glazing occupies the main part of the plastic window structure, is held by hidden glazing beads. To make the structure airtight, seals. Fittings also play an important role, the quality of which largely determines durability and reliability.

Due to the design features, the plastic window receives several advantages, among which it is worth noting in comparison with conventional wooden windows, high level and protection from .

No. 2. What should be the profile?

A profile made of PVC turns out to be harmless, attractive and resistant to various chemicals, but plastic would not withstand serious deformations and temperature changes, therefore, in addition profile reinforced with steel. metal thickness should not be less than 1.4 mm: the thicker the metal insert, the heavier the double-glazed window can be installed. The profile must be reinforced only with galvanized steel.

Quality plastic has a uniform color, smooth and grain-free surface, odorless. Pay attention to the type of surface: matte plastic will literally absorb dirt, which later will be almost impossible to remove from the surface. Glossy plastic, even the most inexpensive, will much more convenient to use. A high-quality profile is quite durable and should easily withstand 50-60 years of operation.

No. 3. Profile thickness and width

Profile thickness is usually understood as profile plastic thickness. From this parameter, first of all, the strength and mechanical resistance of the material depends. IN depending on the thickness of the outer and inner walls of the profile it is divided into three classes:

• class A assumes an outer wall thickness of 2.8 mm and an inner wall thickness of 2.5 mm. The European standard is those windows in which the thickness of the outer walls of the profile exceeds 3 mm. Exactly such structures can be installed in residential premises;
• ClassB. Such a profile has outer walls with a thickness of 2.5 mm and inner walls with a thickness of 2 mm. Such structures are not so durable, they retain heat worse and do not protect well enough from noise, therefore they can only be installed in non-residential premises;
• class C. This includes profiles that do not meet the requirements of the previous classes. Today, such structures are practically not used.

Another important design profile parameter is width, or installation depth. This parameter does not cannot be less than 50 mm, and for normal operation, the window should be 58-70 mm, because then the requirements for heat and sound insulation of the room will be met. For the noisiest and coldest areas, profiles with a greater thickness are suitable, which can even reach 130 mm.

No. 4. Number of profile air chambers

The profile inside consists of several cavities, the so-called chambers, which should not be confused with double-glazed chambers. The profile chamber is a cavity extended over its entire length and filled with air or reinforcing material. By the number of such cavities, 2-, 3-, 4 and even 8-chamber profiles are distinguished, but the most popular 3- and 5-chamber designs. As a rule, manufacturers allow you to look inside the profile, demonstrating their products in section and showing the design features of the cameras.

With an increase in the number of chambers, the characteristics of the profile material increase. If a 3-chamber profile is perfect for windows that face the south side of a quiet courtyard, then a 5-chamber profile will be indispensable for windows that face the north side or a noisy highway.

No. 5. Number of double-glazed chambers

A double-glazed window, the light-transmitting part of a window, consists of two or more glasses, the space between which is filled with air or an inert gas. The chamber is the space between two glasses.

Single-chamber double-glazed windows are used in quiet areas with a mild climate. The greatest demand is double-glazed windows, which perfectly extinguish street noise and allow you to maintain the optimum temperature in the room. For maximum noise protection, it is recommended to choose double-glazed windows in which the space between the panes has a different thickness. Even better, if the inner glass is thinner than the rest, which will provide maximum sound insulation.

On sale you can find double-glazed windows and with a large number of cameras - 3 and even 4. But it should be borne in mind that the more double-glazed windows in the design, the greater its total weight, and the more reliable and strong the fittings should be.

No. 6. Type of glass in double glazing

The quality of the glass is no less important than the number of double-glazed windows. Today, manufacturers can use these types of glasses, how:

• float glass. The technology of its manufacture makes it possible to obtain exceptionally smooth and completely identical glass in thickness, which has increased transparency;
• triplex or laminated glass. Such glasses consist of several layers of glasses, each of which is laminated with a film or a special liquid. Due to this, the material receives additional strength and burglary resistance, it is difficult to break it, and even if damaged, such glass does not leave sharp fragments. Moreover, the triplex will more reliably protect the apartment from noise;
• selective glasses are covered during the manufacturing process or after it in a vacuum with special substances that transmit long-wave radiation, but delay short-wave radiation, allowing you to keep the warm air in the apartment as much as possible in winter and keep out the heat in summer. Selective glasses can be of two types: i-glass They are sprayed with silver ions, have high efficiency and excellent translucency, but are afraid of atmospheric influences, therefore they can only be used from the inside. Unlike them, k-glass more resistant to external negative influences, but have somewhat less efficiency;

  It is also worth paying attention to ventilation control method, which can be automatic, manual or mixed. Automatic regulation the ventilation valve is provided by the presence of a humidity control sensor, which is responsible for monitoring the level of humidity in the room. The ventilation control process itself is ensured by changing the section of the through valve, which in certain cases can even close completely. In this way, it is possible to minimize the heat loss of the room as much as possible, because the air from the street will be let in only when the humidity in the room rises, for example, with a large number of people. At manual setting the user will have to decide for himself when to ventilate and when not. This setting is coarser.

  It is worth noting that sometimes ventilation valves are not installed in the window structure itself, but in the wall near the window. Such an option will require a much more serious investment of time and effort.

  No. 10. How to open a plastic window

  There are several basic options for opening a window structure:

  
  

  No. 11. Accessories for a plastic window

  No matter how high-quality double-glazed windows or window profiles, when using cheap unreliable fittings, the entire structure will lose its previous characteristics within a few months after use. To withstand the heavy weight of an insulating glass unit, window panels must be very strong and reliable.

  Pens- another weak point, and often they get loose. The owners of plastic windows can also name a lot of problems that they encountered during the operation of these structures, and many of them are associated with fittings. From all this we conclude that even such trifles, which at first glance are handles and hinges, need to be given maximum attention.

  Today, window manufacturers offer a wide variety of options for the execution of fittings. Window fittings are handles, locks, constipation, latches. The people like to classify even ventilation valves as accessories, and, but they are not accessories.

  Pens

  They are used several times a day, so they must be especially durable. Handles differ not only in the material of manufacture and color, but also in functions:

  
  

  loops

  The main thing is that the hinges are made of durable material and can withstand the weight of the double-glazed window. According to the installation method, the loops can be of the following types:

  
  

  Locks and bollards

  All kinds of locks and blockers are an optional element of window design, but if you live on the ground floor and are afraid of hacking, or are afraid that a child can open the window and fall out of it, then you should install additional fittings on the window:

  
  

  No. 12. Necessary little things for the window

  When installing a plastic window, you should not save on trifles - this will not bring great benefits. It would be much more reasonable to provide the structure with everything necessary so that its operation is as durable and comfortable as possible.

  What are the necessary elements to add a plastic window? Among the most important:

  
  

  No. 13. plastic window design

  We are used to standard white-framed plastic windows, but there are many, many more design options. Here are just the basic techniques that are used to give the window an individual style:

  • film lamination allows you to design a profile for wood of any species;
    
  • decorative layout- division of the window into zones, often rectangular, but can be triangular and rounded. They not only decorate the structure, but also make it stronger;
    
  • glass tinting it will give the room a unique shade, reduce the impact of ultraviolet rays, and it will be difficult for outsiders to see what is happening outside the window;
    
  • stained glass drawing on glass;
    
  • smart glass changes the degree of transparency depending on the illumination. This happens under the influence of electric current. So far, this solution is rarely used, but it is a great alternative to the usual ones;
  • decorative triplex- this is not only protection and additional security, but also the ability to make the interior unique. Through the use of layers of glass of different transparency and with a certain pattern, you can achieve the most incredible results;
  • mirror glass protect from prying eyes and sunlight.
    

  It is worth noting that plastic windows can be not only rectangular, but also oval, arched, etc.

  No. 14. Which manufacturers can you trust?

  Today, dozens and even hundreds of companies are engaged in the production of plastic windows, but not all do their work in good faith. Let us dwell on the largest manufacturers who have proven themselves in the domestic market with high-quality, durable and durable products.

  German company, which has become not just an industry leader, but a synonym for quality. The first production facility was established in Berlin in 1980, and even then the company was a pioneer in the field of high-performance extrusion. In a very short time, the manufacturer gained confidence both in Germany and throughout Europe, and in 1995 it entered the domestic market. The demand for the manufacturer's plastic windows was so high that it was decided to open two factories in Russia: one in Khabarovsk, the other in Voskresensk not far from Moscow. At Russian factories, German technology and quality control are fully observed, so the windows come out identical in all respects, which is confirmed by various tests.

  Moreover, the company's engineers participated in the preparation of GOSTs for plastic windows, and these documents are accompanied by drawings of KBE windows, which means that the manufacturer's windows have become a domestic standard. The designs are really very high quality, durable and thoughtful in every respect, but they are also expensive.

  rehau

  
  Swiss company since 1948 true to its philosophy of creating solutions for minimal energy consumption. The production of windows and doors is the basis of the company's activities. Here they try to constantly improve the design in order to achieve ever higher rates of heat and sound insulation. Today Rehau windows - one of the best in Europe and the world. They are able to withstand even the most severe frosts, winds and heavy rainfall, being a protection no worse than a brick wall. For example, a window with a 6-chamber profile and a depth of 86 mm replaces a brick wall 1.3 m thick. The company's products are distinguished by a wide range, frost resistance and environmental friendliness. An excellent choice for harsh domestic climatic conditions! True, and you have to pay a lot.

  Veka

  This German company in existence since 1969. Today she is one of the world leaders in the production of plastic windows and doors. The manufacturer has a huge research center, whose employees are constantly working to improve window designs and manufacturing technology.

  Today, dozens of the company's plants operate in different countries on almost all continents, but everywhere the activity is carried out under the close supervision of employees of the main office of the enterprise. Veka windows are also produced in Russia, which allows domestic buyers to receive quality goods at a better price. The windows of the manufacturer survive any climatic conditions and loads: from winter in the Far North to high humidity and strong wind loads.

  This company was the first in the world to introduce plastic windows, invented multi-chamber profiles, co-extruded acrylic coatings, offered a lot of unique ways to decorate the profile. It all started in 1895 with the creation of the Dynamit Nobel. The concern produced explosives and artificial materials. After numerous transformations Trocal was founded in 1954, which introduced the world to the first plastic window. All subsequent years were marked by constant new developments, the introduction of innovative technologies. The result was the popularity of the company's products around the world.

  Today, the company pays great attention to the production of not only high-quality and durable windows, but also completely safe for health. Huge variety of designs there is a production in Russia, several valuable developments have been made for the production of windows specifically for our market.

  
  This German company was formed in 2002 as a result of the merger of two well-known PVC profile manufacturers: SALAMANDER and BRÜGMANN. The SALAMANDER company is known as the largest manufacturer. The search for new materials for its production eventually resulted in the creation of PVC profiles. Since then, within the walls of the company, many innovative ideas have been born that have conquered the whole world. Products today are manufactured in many countries, incl. and in Russia. Domestic factories use modern German equipment, and strict quality control is in place.

  The company operates since 1951 in Germany. Today, the company's factories and representative offices are located all over the world, and the products have become a symbol of high quality, because they meet the most stringent requirements in terms of design, safety, comfort and energy efficiency. Products are developed taking into account the characteristics of various climatic zones, due to which they have gained wide popularity in different countries of the world. The company's products are valued for their perfect execution, the highest quality and record durability.

  One more German company, engaged in the production of PVC systems for windows. She regularly is included in the world rankings of the best in its field. For more than 75 years of existence, the company has conquered more than 90 countries, its factories are located in 19 countries. A wide network of representative offices of the company operates in Russia. The manufacturer offers several types of profile systems with different widths and design features, which allows you to find the perfect solution for a home located in any climatic conditions.

  This is the host domestic manufacturer of plastic windows, which has been operating since 1999 and uses Austrian technology. The company is constantly expanding production, introducing new technologies, introducing new models and designs. Since the manufacturer uses the best world experience and adapts designs to domestic conditions, plastic windows come out reliable, durable, they have excellent performance and at the same time are inexpensive. The network of representative offices throughout the country is very wide, there are special training centers where they teach the correct installation of structures, which is no less important than high-quality production.

  
  domestic manufacturer plastic windows, which has been on the market since 2000. Modern Austrian equipment was immediately purchased, thanks to which the company was able to produce high-quality products and sell them at low prices, since there were no transportation costs. Today, there are 4 manufacturing plants throughout the country that produce windows in a large assortment.

  In conclusion

  Since a plastic window is installed for a sufficiently long period of time, it makes sense to take the time to study the design features, familiarize yourself with the products of different manufacturers, in order to choose the ideal window for specific conditions on this basis.

Plastic window profiles are already an obligatory part of new buildings and the primary task of repairing apartments in old houses. Our review information will be useful both for people who do not know how to choose plastic windows for an apartment, and for owners of old-style windows who care about the warmth and environmental friendliness of their homes.

To understand the range of existing plastic profiles and choose the best, you need to familiarize yourself with the classification into types of plastic windows according to certain criteria.

Of course, for colder climates, such as northern regions, you should set a profile with three or four cameras. Accordingly, the more chambers, the stronger the effect of thermal insulation.

Read also

Criteria for choosing plastic windows: tips
You have decided to install plastic windows in your apartment. What models and designs to choose? Where to begin? Below are tips for choosing plastic windows. In such cases, they begin by solving the following ...

difference in shape

The choice of a variety of plastic windows for this property depends on the design and design features of the wall in which it is mounted.

• Rectangular. This is the most popular type that is built into residential and office buildings. They are also the cheapest type among their counterparts.
• Trapezoidal.
• triangular;
• Arched and other possible options of greater complexity, made to order.

In addition to all the listed classifications, you can also choose windows in which the glass will not be ordinary, but shockproof. When broken, the glass shatters into many small rounded fragments that do not have sharp edges.

One of the features of this type is the energy-saving properties of plastic double-glazed windows. Their essence is that the profile glass, covered with a special film that reflects light in the infrared wavelength range, does not transmit heat energy from the room to the outside.

It is possible to order not standard white plastic, but some original types of profiles, because now there is a wide choice of dyes added to plastic, or films imitating a wooden texture with veins and knots.

Video tips for choosing

Today, windows are made from a variety of materials and can have a variety of shapes. Based on this, you can ask the question: what are the windows? The correct answer to the question is the classification of products.

For example, they can be divided into types according to the material used to make them:

• PVC structures;
• wooden;
• aluminum;
• combination windows.

In addition to the material, the frame can be divided into groups according to the design:

• paired;
• separate;
• single.

Today, products can be with single glazing or with double-glazed windows.

Classification of windows by material

Today, systems are manufactured using very sophisticated technologies, which achieves excellent results in heat and sound insulation. PVC products are very popular today. But for those who prefer the classic version, wooden frames are also made using new technologies. As a result, the finished product is radically different from the old wooden ones.

Metal-plastic.

Metal-plastic structures have been known to the world for over 50 years. On the territory of our country, they appeared much later. All products were imported from other countries, since domestic production was not established. Today, using the technology of leading brands, products are manufactured in the country. The metal-plastic device consists of:

• PVC profile;
• amplifier made of galvanized steel, which is located inside the profile chambers;
• high quality fittings;
• double-glazed window.

Using a PVC profile in a production environment, you can create a window of a completely different configuration.

Aluminum windows.

Many people associate aluminum with industrial buildings, offices, shops. It is in such establishments that aluminum window frames are most often used. Due to their strength, such frames are installed in houses where they will be subjected to intense loads. Also, very often such metal frames are used for the construction of winter gardens, glazing balconies. It is this frame that will allow you to create a large window.

Wooden windows.

Previously, only wooden windows were installed in houses, which deformed over time, cracks formed through which heat was lost and cold entered. Today, in order to create a wooden window, new technologies are used. For the manufacture of such windows, solid wood or a three-layer beam is used. It is the use of glued laminated timber that completely eliminates the possibility of any deformation. The glazing is modern double-glazed windows with one or two chambers.

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Combined type of windows

According to experts, such windows in the near future will take a leading position in the field of glazing. This is due to the fact that several materials are used in such windows, for example, wood and aluminum, wood and plastic, etc. Having absorbed the best qualities of the materials used, such windows will last a very long time without causing unnecessary trouble in their maintenance.

The most striking variant of the combined window is a design made of a three-layer profile. The first layer is decorative, made of wood. The second layer is made of metal, it protects the structure from environmental influences, and also gives the frame rigidity and stability. The third layer is made of polyvinyl chloride, the main purpose of using this material is a significant increase in thermal insulation qualities.

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Key Features

Windows are a source of natural light in the apartment and access to fresh air. This is especially important in apartments where ventilation systems do not work so well.

But at the same time, they create significantly greater heat losses in the cold season. It is through the glazing that the greatest amount of heat is lost. In order to significantly reduce such losses, it is necessary to choose the right profile, clarify the design of the double-glazed window, and check all the joints. Blinds and curtains can be additional measures to keep the heat in.

Double-glazed windows.

A very large role in the preservation of heat is played by the number of glasses in a double-glazed window. There are options for windows with one glass, but heat loss in this case will be maximum.

A double-glazed window, in which two glasses are installed, forms a kind of air gap, which will reduce heat loss. Modern double-glazed windows can have two or three sheets of glass. Additionally, the space between them is filled with dry air or gas.

All joints are closed with sealing profiles.

In addition to light through the windows, extraneous sounds and noise penetrate the room. Sound insulation will depend on the number and thickness of the glass. To minimize the passage of extraneous sounds, it is worth taking care of sealing all joints, not only the window structure, but also the junctions of the window with the opening.

When choosing a system, special attention should be paid to the type of opening. Today, thanks to fittings, products can be:

• folding;
• rotary;
• swing-out;
• deaf;
• sliding.

Silent design.

This design does not involve opening the valves. The product is much cheaper than other options, and is as reliable as possible. It is rarely used in homes, since it is almost impossible to wash it from the street if it is not located on the first floor. The only option may be to completely remove the double-glazed window and then reinstall it. Blind windows can be installed on the side walls of the balcony or in the entrances. They can also be installed in private homes as a source of natural light in a corridor or terrace.

Folding design.

If the window is equipped with hinged fittings, it can be opened to the ventilation position (vertical opening). Normal opening is not available in this case. Like a blind window, this design does not have access to the outside, which prevents the window from being cleaned. Such a window can be installed in a place where full opening cannot be carried out. This is possible if the layout of the house does not have enough space to allow the sash to open fully. But, unlike a deaf one, such a window makes it possible to gain access to fresh air.

Swing window design.

The swivel design opens in the traditional way. This method allows access to the outside and adjacent doors. This design is very easy and convenient to care for. The disadvantages include the need for free space, which will allow you to freely open the sash. Such elements are installed in almost any room.

Swing-out design.

The most popular and common type of opening. Those. allows you to open both in the classic version and leave the element in the ventilation position. They are also installed almost everywhere.

Sliding system.

Such a system for opening metal-plastic windows appeared relatively recently. This method of opening allows you to open all the windows completely even in the narrowest room. Most often, such a system is used on loggias and balconies. The quality of windows with such an opening system is no different from the usual opening system. All joints are completely sealed and do not let cold air inside.