Today, machine tools are widely used in many operations. When painting machines is required, such work should be entrusted only to qualified specialists who will responsibly approach the implementation. The company "NTV-energo Antikor" offers painting services for various types of machine tools on favorable terms.
professional painting
In the case of equipment such as machine tools, the task is to provide effective protection of metal surfaces from corrosion. This can be achieved with well-chosen types of paint and adherence to staining technology.
When ordering equipment painting services from a specialized company, customers receive high-quality work. This provides excellent anti-corrosion protection, which contributes to a significant increase in the service life of the machine itself. Thus, all the material costs required for ordering the service become a cost-effective investment due to the achievement of the durability of the equipment.
Advantages
The company "NTV-energo Antikor" offers favorable conditions for ordering services. These include:
- Affordable rates that help keep costs low for customers.
- The involvement of qualified specialists, the use of all the required modern equipment and tools allows us to quickly cope with the tasks.
- Experienced employees perfectly cope with the painting of different types of machines, providing customers with a high-quality result in a short time.
It is equally important that modern and high-quality materials are used in the performance of work, which are correctly selected by employees in each case. When ordering the service, customers can get professional expert advice on all issues.
After the machine was completely disassembled, it was time to paint it. After examining the surfaces of its parts, it became clear that the existing paintwork had to be removed. Of course, you can paint it like that, but, most likely, the old paint will swell, but I didn’t want to do double work. I tried to remove the paint with a sandblaster that connects to the "herker", but it's all nonsense. This bourgeois stray does not beat off paint from the USSR. As a result, I went for a special tool for washing off old paint. I took ours, we will support our manufacturers, and for one thing we will test this tool.
I'll tell you, the thing is vigorous. Raises the paint in one layer almost immediately after application (specifically in this case). I’m generally silent about unprotected skin, it calmly burns hands even through rubber gloves, so you need to work strictly with glasses and good rubber gloves. Some parts of the machine were painted in three layers, so it was not possible to reduce the paint at one time, and where there was a coating in one layer, as I already said, there were no problems at all. To simplify the work of removing paint, I used a pressure washer, paired with a wash, they work generally great. We do it this way: we apply the product to the paint that needs to be removed, and leave it all for thirty minutes. After thirty minutes, we come and use a high pressure washer to knock off the peeled coating. If there are places that did not succumb, then the procedure is repeated. In my case, absolutely everything went away the third time. Washed the details. Because of the water, a slight coating of rust appeared on the surface of the cast-iron piece of iron. It was easily removed with a solvent.
Painting. I decided to paint the massive elements of the machine in bright green, and painted some small parts and the control handle in black.
All fasteners replaced. When assembling, I will use stainless steel hardware. There are thoughts to modernize the headstock a little, but more on that later. If it does not work out, then I will collect it in the standard version.
I do not plan to make changes to the design of the tailstock yet. The only thing that will have to be replaced is the quill clamp stud and the quill guide screw, aka the set screw. The quill clamp pin needs to be changed because of the tortured thread, it has already become unusable.
I will tell about the collection and refinement of each of the nodes in the following articles.
Articles on the restoration of the machine.
With the development of new technologies, modern machines and mechanisms are becoming more complex and expensive, and in production workshops, ideal conditions for their maintenance are far from always created. Manufactured mainly from metal, machine tools require reliable and high-quality surface protection from moisture, intense exposure to chemicals, as well as mechanical damage. The German company Lankwitzer Lackfabrik has developed a group of special coatings for machine tools of various profiles and purposes.
Lankwitzer paints, primers and enamels prevent corrosion, protect the equipment surface from harmful effects: chemical (oils, oil products, acids, alkalis) and mechanical (scratches, abrasion, cracks). In addition, the metal surface of the machines is often uneven, with welds and other defects, so much attention is paid to how the Lankwitzer paintwork will look after application and throughout its entire service life.
A 2-component epoxy primer with a high content of anti-corrosion additives - SG64 - has proven itself well. The thixotropic properties of the paint provide a low viscosity when sprayed and a quick "setting" with the surface, without spreading, and high adhesion to metal and hiding power allow you to create a uniform hard coating. This primer effectively protects the working surfaces of machine tools from corrosion, as well as from chemical attack and excessive moisture. Paired with SG64, you can use a homogeneous or structural enamel based on acrylic and polyurethane from the PD series.
If, for example, one-layer acrylic-based paint PD 39 is suitable for protecting light equipment from chemicals and moisture, then heavy machine tool building requires a more durable coating like the two-component epoxy enamel SD 67 - hard when dried, chemically resistant to alkalis, acids, petroleum products and oils. Such enamels require preliminary priming of the metal surface. Some types of coatings can be applied in two layers to achieve maximum protective effect.
The Lankwitzer laboratory has developed structural paints that completely hide the defects and irregularities of the metal surface. They are applied in an even layer and create a dense, holistic, good-looking coating. The structural coating PD 48 based on acrylic polyurethane can be called almost universal in application. This two-component paint can be applied to prepared surfaces without pre-priming, while providing full protection of machine tools from corrosion, impact loads and chemicals. If enhanced corrosion protection is required, PD48 can be used in combination with SG64 primer.
After the machine is repaired and debugged, the question arises of what and how to paint it. There are several requirements for painting the machine:
- Protecting the surface of the machine from corrosion (humidity, temperature changes)
- Resistance to mechanical stress (scratches, abrasion, chips, cracks)
- Resistance to chemical attack (ingress of oils, coolant)
- Preservation of the appearance of the paintwork throughout the entire period of operation
Stages of painting
For painting a metal surface, it is desirable to apply a three-layer, and preferably a four-layer coating system:
- adhesive primer coat- must be viscous and elastic, contain a soft resin with high adhesion;
- putty- without the use of putty, it is not possible to obtain an impeccable, even and shiny surface for painting on metal;
- Primer layer- the primer layer must give color to the color and therefore contain a sufficient amount of good opaque pigments;
- Coating, paint- the covering layer provides to all covering a faultless surface.
If necessary, more than four layers of coatings have to be applied, i.e. some of the four layers have to be applied several times. For example, in addition to normal putty, putty is also used for straightening, which is applied to certain places of the product to be painted with severe surface defects.
All work on painting the surface of machines is reduced to the following sequence:
- Preparing the surface of the machine - cleaning from dirt, rust, old paint, applying a primer and putty, leveling the surface;
- Painting - applying paint to a prepared surface;
- Drying the painted surface.
1. Preparing the surface of the machine for painting
Surface cleaning from dirt, rust, old paint
Cleaning the metal surface is necessary to improve the adhesion of the paintwork material and the corrosion properties of the painted surface.
The surface must be free of old paint, which, if left unremoved, may prevent fresh paint from adhering to the surface as effectively as possible.
To remove dirt, rust, old paint from the surface of machines, there are several ways:
- Mechanical- cleaning with scrapers, wire brushes, sandpaper or sandblasting;
- Chemical- removal of old paint by washing with white spirit, turpentine, acetone, etc. or 5-10% solution of caustic alkali at a temperature of 80-90 ° C, followed by washing with water;
- Thermal- removing paint with a blowtorch flame and other means.
The best way to clean the surface of the machine from corrosion is sandblasting or shot blasting. Cleaning is greatly facilitated also by the use of a power tool.
Priming, puttying and leveling the surface of the machine
After cleaning the surface of the machine, it is necessary to degrease and primer. The primer protects the surface from corrosion and, most importantly, must contain a resin with high adhesion - viscous and elastic. The primer is made by hand with a brush, using a sprayer or dipping, if the parts are small.
A 2-component epoxy primer with a high content of anti-corrosion additives - SG64 - has proven itself well. Thixotropic properties provide low viscosity when sprayed and fast "setting" with the surface, without spreading, and high adhesion to metal and hiding power allow you to create a uniform hard coating. This primer effectively protects the working surfaces of machine tools from corrosion, as well as from chemical attack and excessive moisture. Paired with SG64, you can use a homogeneous or structural enamel based on acrylic and polyurethane from the PD series.
The primed surface is again degreased and puttied in order to level it and improve the appearance of the coating. The thickness of the putty layer should not exceed 2 mm. Putty is applied to the surface with rubber, metal or wooden spatulas.
One of the novelties in this area is the automotive putty with fiberglass reinforcement, especially useful for filling large dents.
After the putty dries, it is carefully sanded, polished to smooth out all the irregularities with sandpaper No. 80-100, and the final one - with pumice stone or waterproof sandpaper. Grinding is greatly facilitated by the active use of power tools.
Before painting, degreasing (anti-silicone or degreaser) is mandatory, dust, oil, grease are removed.
2. Painting machine
Painting of machines can be done both disassembled and assembled. If it is necessary to paint over individual nodes, then they are usually removed from the machine, and then, after painting, they are installed back.
Usually, for a better painting, it is necessary to dry and paint each part that is in the device of the machine, since the subsequent normal operation of the machine depends on each part.
Surfaces are painted only clean and smooth. You can paint by spray or brush. Usually, the paint is filtered through a metal sieve from 1600-2400 holes per 1 cm2 before being applied to the product. A second coat of paint can be applied only after the previous coat has dried, giving the machine a beautiful appearance.
The current domestic standards for painting metalworking machines mainly provide only two colors - gray and green. Other colors available in the standards are intended for painting alarm and warning equipment, etc. The departments of artistic design of equipment have developed proposals for expanding the range of colors for painting the outer surfaces of metalworking machines.
Paint selection
To solve the complex task of protecting and improving the appearance of the surface of machine tools, special paints have been developed, for example:
- Polymeron- urethane special enamel for metal + Phosphosoil- quick-drying phosphating primer for metal;
- PD-39- structural polyurethane single-layer paint based on acrylic;
- PD-48- structural polyurethane paint based on acrylic polyurethane.
A good alternative to special paints - automotive acrylic enamels and a two-component epoxy primer. Automotive paints were originally created for adverse conditions.
To obtain a high-quality surface, it is better to use an airless (electric) sprayer or with a compressor. Manual painting is also possible, however, most often, the quality drops and more time is spent.
It is convenient to use spray paints. They are easy to apply, provide high painting performance, and also allow you to paint the surface in different colors and do not require the use of additional painting equipment.
You can also pick up a lot of auxiliary materials, protective tapes, streak removers, special protective clothing in automotive stores.
3. Drying
Drying is carried out at a higher air temperature than at the time of painting, preferably in a drying chamber, then the paint will adhere to the metal structure in the best possible way. But you can use "infrared heaters".
4. GOST 22133-86
For painting equipment in an industrial environment, it is necessary to adhere to the requirements GOST 22133-86 Coatings for metal cutting, forging and pressing, foundry and woodworking equipment. General requirements and GOST 9.032 Paint coatings. Groups, technical requirements and designations.
The standard applies to the painting of metal-cutting, forge-and-press, foundry and woodworking equipment, including robotic technological complexes, establishes general requirements, color, texture and classes of paint and varnish coatings
The following range of colors is recommended: green, light green, gray, blue, gray-blue, creamy dark, creamy light. The given colors cannot serve as a reference or color standard. Each type of machine requires an individual creative approach. On the pages of the Technical Aesthetics magazine, much attention is paid to the aesthetic culture of production, especially in the scientific approach to painting equipment and workshop premises.
The list of enamels used for painting machine tools in accordance with GOST 22133-86
Enamel NTs-25 - SVP suspension in a solution of colloxylin BHB and rosin ester with the addition of plasticizers. Enamel is produced in 19 colors. It is applied with a paint sprayer in 2-3 layers on a primed metal surface.
It is diluted to a working viscosity of 25-38 s according to VZ-4 with a solvent 64B or 646. The main purpose of the enamel is the painting of equipment and various metal and wooden products operated in the interior of the premises.
Enamel NTs-132 - nitroalkyd. Two grades are produced - hand NTs-132K and spray NTs-132P. Each brand is available in 24 colors. The composition of the non-volatile part includes colloxylin, alkyd resin No. 188, plasticizers, pigments.
To improve the bottling, organosilicon liquids are introduced (such as PMS-200A, AF-2K, etc.). The volatile part of enamels applied with a brush consists of 30% (wt.) high-boiling active solvents, 25-30% butyl alcohol and 45-50% xylene. The volatile part of spray-applied enamels contains 12.5-16% (wt.) high-boiling active solvents, 8-12% low-boiling active solvents, 35% ethyl, butyl or isobutyl alcohols and 40-41% toluene.
Pigments are introduced into nitrobase by dissolving SVP or in the form of pigment pastes obtained by dispersing in a bead or ball mill or on a paint grinder.
Before use, the enamel is diluted: NTs-132K with solvent 649 to a working viscosity of 30-60 s according to VZ-4, and NTs-132P with a solvent 646 to a working viscosity of 18-20 s. Enamels are applied in two layers.
They form glossy, wear-resistant and weather-resistant coatings. Enamels are used for painting metal products pre-primed with alkyd primers and wooden products that do not require decorative finishing.
Enamel NTs-256 - intended for painting machine tools. They are a suspension of SVP in a solution of VNV colloxylin, alkyd resyl resin and plasticizers. Enamel is produced in 11 colors. Before use, dilute to a working viscosity of 22-25 s according to VZ-4 with solvent 646 or 647 in an amount of 90-110% by weight of the enamel.
The enamel is applied with a paint sprayer over a layer of primer GF-021 or GF-0163 or water-borne primer PF-OZZP in three layers. The first and second layers are dried for 10-15 minutes, the third layer - for 2 hours.
Enamel forms a glossy coating with good physical and mechanical properties that can withstand the effects of alkaline coolants (triethanolamine, alkaline emulsion, etc.) and gasoline.
Enamel NTs-262 - carbon black suspension in a solution of colloxylin, alkyd resyl resin and plasticizers. Enamel is obtained by dissolving SVP of technical carbon in a nitro base.
To a working viscosity of 25-30 s according to VZ-4, the enamel is diluted with solvent 646 and applied with a paint sprayer over an alkyd primer in three layers with intermediate drying for 10-20 minutes and final drying at 18-22 "C for 1 hour. Enamel after drying forms a glossy coating with a thickness of 45-60 microns.The coating can be sanded and polished with waterproof sandpapers and polishing pastes.The enamel is used for painting the heads of sewing machines.
Putty NTs-0043 is a paste-like mass consisting of a mixture of pigments, fillers and thixotropic substances with nitroaxial. The approximate composition of the putty [in% (wt.)] is as follows: zinc white 13.5-14, talc 27-28, chalk - 15-15.5, thixotropic additive - 1.5, nitro base - 41-43. Putty is obtained by dispersing pigments and fillers in a heavy type bead mill or in a ball mill. The main purpose is the alignment of cast iron surfaces of machine tools.
Puttying with metal or rubber spatulas is possible both continuous over the entire surface of the machine, and local. Putty is applied with a layer up to 1 mm thick; after drying for 4 hours at 18-220C or for 1 hour at 60-700C, the putty layer is subjected to dry or wet grinding.