Radiators for gas heating of a private house. What radiators are better for a private house? Tubular and panel steel radiators

Content

When developing a project for an autonomous system for heating a private house, it is necessary to decide on the choice of batteries. The efficiency and economy of the heating system, the level of comfort in the living quarters of a country house or a country cottage directly depend on their parameters. To determine which heating radiators are best suited for a private home, it is necessary to compare their performance, reliability and cost.

Radiator heating in a private house

When choosing a heating system for a summer house or a house, you need to take into account installation costs, ease of use and profitability. For a brick, block, frame and wooden house, water heating is equally well suited. This option is cheaper to use compared to installing electrical heating equipment and is more efficient than a conventional stove, which is fueled by coal or wood.

Radiator heating in the house

The radiator heating system for a country house or cottage has an advantage over water floor heating, since the installation of pipelines and radiators is easier and faster than laying the circuit and equipping the screed.

Autonomous differs from central heating:

low working pressure;
no risk of water hammer;
the ability to regulate the temperature of the coolant, set the permissible maximum;
the ability to adjust the acid balance of the coolant;
economy.

At the design stage of an autonomous system, it should be decided which radiators and pipes to use for installation. Its functionality, profitability and durability depend on it.

Varieties of heating batteries

To choose radiators with the best performance for heating a private house, you need to understand the advantages and disadvantages of heating batteries that the market offers. Each type of heating device should be considered based on the properties of the material and design features.

Types of heating radiators

Radiators vary:

according to the material of manufacture (steel, aluminum, cast iron, bimetallic);
by design (sectional and solid):
according to the principle of heat transfer (radiating thermal energy, convection and combined).

Steel

Among heating radiators for a private house, steel models are in steady demand. Their list of benefits includes:

relatively light weight, which simplifies installation;
fast heating and cooling - allows you to flexibly adjust the temperature in the room when using a thermostat, saving fuel;
quite a long service life;
a wide range of models with different functionality and appearance.

Kermi steel radiator in the interior

The disadvantages of steel heating appliances include:

tendency to corrosion - such batteries are designed for installation in a closed heating system, since the free penetration of air into the coolant accelerates the process of metal destruction;
tendency to overgrow due to a rough inner surface - regular flushing of the system is required;
restrictions on the characteristics of the coolant - the addition of alkaline reagents should be avoided.

To understand which steel heater to choose, let's take a closer look at each variety. Manufacturers offer sectional, tubular, panel and convector steel heating appliances.

Sectional

The battery consists of individual links, the number of which can be changed. This is a serious advantage of heating devices of this type. If the thermal calculation is incorrect and the radiator capacity is not enough, additional sections are added. If the house has been insulated and the need for powerful radiators has disappeared, it is enough to remove the extra sections to reduce energy consumption. The advantages of sectional models also include a stylish design that will fit into any interior. The disadvantage is a large number of joints, which increases the risk of depressurization of the battery.

Sectional heating radiator in the interior

Tubular

Differ in original appearance, are convenient for drying of things. Reliable and durable due to the absence of joints - the radiator is a one-piece design. At the same time, it is important to choose the right heating device for power, since it will not be possible to correct this parameter.

Steel tubular radiator

Panel

Panel-type heating radiators are characterized by a stylish, laconic design. Unlike tubular and sectional batteries, panel models equipped with convective fins heat the air in the room faster - the formation of a stream of heated air is added to the thermal radiation. The possibility of creating a thermal curtain makes panel radiators in demand for installation in rooms with a large glazing area. Panel radiators, like tubular ones, are integral. Models of this type can not only be mounted on the wall, but also installed on the floor.

Panel radiator Rozma

Convector

Water convectors consist of steel pipes, on which numerous metal plates are mounted, mounted on an edge. From above the heating device is closed by a stylish metal casing. There are models built into the floor. The gaps between the plates contribute to the formation of a stream of heated air. Convector radiators are recommended to be placed along the panoramic windows, in the winter garden, in a room with high ceilings. Due to natural convection, the room warms up faster than thermal radiation. When deciding which radiators are best, you should pay attention to the fact that a system with water convectors requires a smaller volume of coolant compared to using other types of radiators. The disadvantages of convector radiators include high cost. In addition, during the operation of such a battery, air currents constantly raise dust that enters the human respiratory system.

Floor convector

Cast iron

Considering different types of radiators, one cannot ignore the classic version - cast iron batteries. Until now, working specimens installed before the revolution have been preserved in old houses. In Soviet-built houses, mass-produced cast-iron radiators are massively used.

The advantages include durability and resistance to corrosion, high heat transfer, the ability to install additional sections. The list of disadvantages includes a tendency to overgrowth - over time, the heat transfer of such batteries decreases, as the free space inside the case narrows. Unlike modern heating appliances, cast iron batteries need to be painted regularly. Also, the disadvantages include a large weight, which makes transportation and installation difficult.

Before choosing a cast-iron battery for a private house, you need to pay attention to its high thermal inertia. It slowly heats up and cools down, which makes it impossible to quickly adjust the microclimate in the room.

Today, in private homes, cast iron radiators are installed if they want to emphasize an individual image. Manufacturers offer original floor models, decorated with artistic casting, which will perfectly complement the interior in a classic style.

Variety of cast iron decorative radiators

Aluminum

When deciding which heating devices are best for a private house to choose, pay attention to aluminum models. Such radiators are in growing demand among private developers due to their light weight and ease of installation, attractive appearance, the ability to add and remove sections. The cost of the product depends on the manufacturer. Domestic products are as affordable as possible, this is a budget country option. In a country house, it is better to put imported products, they are more reliable, but also more expensive.

Aluminum radiators:

may leak due to the presence of threaded connections;
aluminum is demanding on the acidity of the coolant - the use of a liquid with inappropriate parameters disables heating devices;
due to increased heat transfer, they can poorly warm up the lower part of the room - the heated air quickly goes up and the floor remains cold.

But despite this, it is reasonable to choose an aluminum radiator for a private house - the metal quickly heats up and cools down, making it possible to quickly change the level of heating of the room in accordance with weather conditions and microclimate requirements. In this regard, aluminum batteries are the most practical.

Aluminum radiator in the interior

Bimetallic

Such heating devices combine the advantages of steel and aluminum models. The inner surface of a durable iron alloy is undemanding to the characteristics of the coolant and ensures the structural strength of the battery. The external aluminum casing is characterized by good heat dissipation, due to which the radiator effectively warms up the room.

The bimetallic radiator is designed for high operating and pressure pressure, which makes it the best choice for installation in an apartment connected to the central heating network.

Given the high cost of high-quality bimetallic models, it is better to use a budget option for heating in private houses, designed to work in an autonomous system.

Bimetallic radiator in the interior

Battery Power Calculation Principles

To choose heating radiators for a country or private house, you need to perform calculations based on the fact that for heating one square. m. of living space requires approximately 95–125 kW. To warm up a room with average parameters (one window, one door, ceiling height up to 3 meters), it is necessary to heat the coolant up to 70 °C.

If the actual parameters differ from those indicated, corrections must be made. For example, with a ceiling height of more than 3 meters, it is necessary to increase the calculated battery power as many times as the actual height exceeds the conventional one. At low ceilings, the recalculation is carried out in the opposite direction.

A decrease in the temperature of the coolant for every 10 ° C relative to the indicated average mark makes it necessary to increase the calculated power of the heating devices by 15–20%, respectively. If the room is angular and there are two windows in it, the average design power of the batteries is increased by 1.5 times.

The heat transfer of radiators largely depends on the scheme of their connection. The average calculation is based on the fact that the heated coolant is supplied to the upper side inlet, and the return is connected diagonally to the lower inlet. Other connection options are less efficient and reduce battery heat transfer by 5-10%.

Note! The number of sections for radiator models of this type should not exceed 10 pieces - further growth will not help increase power, since the coolant will not be able to fully warm up such a battery.

Comparison of thermal power of different types of batteries

We calculate the parameters of the radiator

Particular attention should be paid to the issue of choosing panel and tubular batteries. Manufacturers include models of the same power in the product line, but with different geometric parameters. When choosing, the features of the installation site are taken into account - the height from the floor to the window sill, the length of the wall in an elongated room, etc.

Homeowners who choose heating appliances and want to get the best options for a reasonable price opt for steel or aluminum models. The cost of the most reliable, imported bimetallic radiator is prohibitively high, and cast-iron batteries have many serious disadvantages. According to statistics, those who are thinking about which radiators to choose for a private house or a summer cottage, stop at aluminum sectional or steel panel models based on the ratio of price and practicality.

Video with tips on choosing heating radiators:

Before proceeding with the assembly of the heating system of a country house, it is imperative to develop its detailed project. In this case, first of all, you need to decide on the type of equipment needed, as well as make all the necessary calculations. for a private house, how to choose the right boiler and pipes for highways, what type of wiring will be better in one case or another - read about all this later in the article.

Basic structural elements

To assemble a heating system in a country house, you will have to purchase:

radiators;
circulation pump;
pipeline pipes.

You will also need to buy an expansion tank. In modern heating systems, only membrane equipment of this type is mainly used.

What to consider when choosing radiators

When purchasing batteries, first of all, you should pay attention to:

their design features;

maximum working pressure;

power;

number of sections.

Which heating radiator is better for a private house: the main varieties

Modern industry produces several types of such equipment. In specialized stores you can find batteries:

cast iron;

of steel;

aluminum;

bimetallic.

All these types of heating radiators for a private house fit pretty well. The choice in this case depends mainly on the operational characteristics of a particular system and the financial capabilities of the owners of the building itself.

Cast iron batteries

The main advantages of this type of radiators are low cost and durability. Cast iron batteries are not subject to corrosion and can last up to 50 years. In addition, they are undemanding to the quality of the coolant and easily withstand quite a serious pressure in the system - up to 12 atmospheres.

The advantages of cast-iron models, therefore, have a lot, and therefore, in some cases, they can be an excellent answer to the question of which radiators to choose for heating a private house. However, despite the large number of advantages, such batteries are installed quite rarely in residential suburban buildings. The thing is that Soviet radiators of this variety look too old-fashioned. It is almost impossible to fit them harmoniously into a modern interior. In addition, these batteries are very heavy and can be used mainly only in buildings with very strong walls. For example, for a house built of foam concrete, they are absolutely not suitable.

Cast iron heating radiators for a private house are suitable, but when deciding to choose just such models, it is worth bearing in mind that they do not differ in particularly high efficiency. Such batteries warm up rather slowly, and their heat transfer is not particularly large.

steel models

Radiators of this type, unlike cast iron, warm up very quickly. This makes them simply ideal for temperature controlled heating systems. In addition, steel batteries do not weigh too much. Therefore, they can be installed in buildings with walls made of any materials, including foam blocks or SIP panels.

Steel radiators for heating a private house, therefore, fit pretty well. Their disadvantages are only fragility and inability to withstand significant pressure. The second drawback for a private house usually does not play too big a role. After all, the pressure in the pipes in such buildings is most often not particularly high. If this indicator in the system does not exceed 7-8 atmospheres, you can safely buy steel models. However, attention should also be paid to the quality of the coolant. If an effective water purification system from a well or a well is not installed in the house, you should still refuse to purchase such equipment. When using low-quality coolant, such radiators quickly rust and begin to leak.

When answering the question of which radiators to choose for heating a private house, it is worth considering, among other things, the acquisition of a relatively new type of steel equipment of this type, which has recently appeared on the domestic market. These are stainless steel batteries. Such radiators can last even longer than cast iron ones, they are distinguished by high efficiency and attractive appearance. However, such equipment is, unfortunately, quite expensive. Only the owners of elite cottages can afford batteries of this type.

Aluminum Models

The main advantage of such radiators is their attractive appearance. Aluminum batteries look very modern and easily fit into almost any interior. They are inexpensive, but, like cast iron, they are rarely used in private homes. It's all about their increased demands on the quality of the coolant. In an acidic environment, aluminum reacts very quickly with the release of a rather large amount of gas. And this, in turn, leads to airing of the system and its failure.

Aluminum heating radiators for a private house, therefore, are well suited only when a sufficiently clean coolant is used in the mains. As for pressure, such models can easily withstand loads up to 15 atm.

Bimetallic batteries

When answering the question of which heating radiator is best for a private house, it is worth thinking about purchasing a model of this type in the first place. Bimetallic batteries are currently perhaps the most popular type of such equipment. The design of radiators of this type includes elements made of two types of metal - aluminum and steel (or copper). Hence their name. The advantages of bimetallic radiators, among other things, include:

the ability to withstand very high coolant pressure (up to 35 atm) and water hammer;

attractive appearance;

light weight;

durability (can last up to 25 years).

In general, bimetallic heating radiators for a private house are best suited. Reviews of models of this type available on the network clearly indicate this. Owners of suburban real estate consider such equipment to be very high quality, easy to install and operate. In appearance, such radiators resemble aluminum ones, but at the same time they are much more reliable. Their design is such that they look like a monolithic product. Since the performance of such batteries is better than that of aluminum, they are slightly more expensive (by about 25%).

Radiator power

The calculation of the heating of a private house should begin with the definition of this particular indicator. The selection of radiators for a large cottage, of course, should be entrusted to specialists. If the system is assembled in a small one-story private house, this procedure can be done independently, according to a simplified scheme.

the total area of the premises;

necessary compensation for heat loss.

The latter indicator, when using a simplified calculation scheme, is usually defined as 1 kW of power per 10 m 2 of the room (or 100 W per 1 m 2). That is, in order to find out what kind of battery performance is needed in a particular case, you just need to substitute the desired value into the formula N = S * 100 * 1.45, where S is the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, 1.45 is the coefficient of possible heat leaks.

Next, let's see how to calculate heating radiators for a private house using a specific example. This procedure is actually quite easy to do. For example, for a room 4 m wide and 5 m long, the calculation would look like this:

20*100=2000W;
2000*1.45=2900W.

Heating radiators are installed most often under the windows. Accordingly, their required number is also selected. In houses with an area of \u200b\u200b20 m 2, 2 windows are usually equipped. Therefore, in our example, we need two 1450 W radiators. This indicator can be adjusted primarily by changing the number of sections in the battery. But, of course, in any case, there should be just enough of them so that the radiator is freely placed in a niche under the window.

The power of one section in batteries of different types may vary. So, for bimetallic radiators with a height of 500 mm, this figure is usually 180 W, and for cast iron - 160 W.

How to choose a boiler

So, we found out which heating radiator is best for a private house. If desired, for a country building, you can choose both cast iron and aluminum, steel or bimetallic batteries. In this case, everything depends mainly only on the quality of the coolant, the pressure in the system and the features of the interior of the premises. However, when drawing up a project, of course, one should determine the characteristics of other necessary equipment. In particular, it is imperative to calculate the power of the boiler. Modern industry produces four types of such equipment:

gas boilers;

electrical;

liquid fuel;

solid fuel.

These are the boilers for heating a private house that are mainly on sale today. How to choose a specific type of such equipment is actually not a very difficult question. Most often, they are installed in houses. Installation of them is usually quite expensive. But at the same time, such equipment is quite economical and convenient to use. They are cheap, but expensive to operate. Therefore, they are most often installed only if there is no gas main near the house.

Solid fuel and diesel heating boilers are used mostly in buildings built in remote areas. That is, where there is no gas and no power lines. Such equipment is usually quite expensive and at the same time not very convenient to use.

Boilers for heating a private house: how to choose power

In order to determine this indicator, a specialist is usually also hired. You can try to calculate the power of the boiler yourself only for a small country house. As with the choice of radiators, in this case, the fact is taken as a basis that 1 kW of boiler power is required per 10 m 2 of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room.

Choosing a wiring diagram

The mains of the heating system can be laid in different ways. In small country houses, the simplest Leningradka system or a dead-end two-pipe system is usually used. In residential cottages on several floors, a collector scheme is more often used. In one-story houses of a very large area, a very efficient heating system, called

How to determine the required diameter of the lines

When calculating the heating of a private house, you should, of course, calculate this indicator. If the diameter of the mains is chosen incorrectly, the system will not work effectively. To buy suitable pipes, you must first decide:

with the thermal power of the system;

optimal pressure of the coolant.

The first indicator is calculated by the formula Q=(V*Δt*K)*860, where V is the volume of the room, Δt is the difference between the air temperatures in the room and outside, K is the correction factor (depends on the degree of insulation of the building and is determined by a special table) .

The optimal speed of the coolant in the system is 0.36-0.7 m/s. The obtained value of the thermal power and the selected pressure indicator should simply be substituted into the table for determining the diameter of the pipes.

As for the material of highways, in our time, both in small country houses and in cottages, metal-plastic is usually used. However, if desired, steel or even expensive and very durable copper pipes can be installed in a private residential building.

Purchase of a circulation pump

When choosing this type of equipment, you should decide mainly on two indicators:

with working pressure;

with performance.

The second characteristic is calculated by the formula P = 3.6 x Q / (c x ΔT) (kg / h), where ΔT is the difference between the air temperatures in the street and in the room, c is the specific 1.6 dimension.

The required pump head can be determined by the formula J = (F + R x L) / p x g (m), where F is the resistance of the reinforcement, R is the hydraulic resistance, L is the length of the section, p is the density of the working fluid, g is the acceleration of free fall .

A private house is good because it provides the owner with more opportunities for arrangement than an apartment in a high-rise building. However, you will have to spend a lot of effort to ensure a comfortable stay. This also applies to the issues of choosing the right heating system. Batteries should be functional, durable, and not create a hole in the budget after maintenance. Let's figure out which heating radiators are better to install in a private house.

What you need to know about batteries

Today, hardware stores offer a wide range of heating appliances, so it is very easy to get confused in all the variety of types and models.

Before buying batteries, it is important to familiarize yourself with the basic parameters that will help you make the best choice:

temperature regime;
Building heat loss. Here it is worth considering the height of the ceilings, the thickness of the glasses, how many doors and windows are in the rooms, the degree of decomposition of the material (for wooden houses), etc.;
The battery is usually installed under the window, so to determine the dimensions of the device, use the following parameters (in cm): to the windowsill - 10-15, from the wall to the back wall of the device - 3-5, from the floor - 7-12;
The heat output of the radiator, which can be calculated by the formula: S * h * 41:42 (S is the area of the room, h is the height of the ceiling, 41 is the minimum power (indicated per 1 m3), 42 is the passport indicator of the nominal thermal conductivity).

Additional indicators that must be considered in order to select a suitable heating device:

Value for money (a key factor when buying);
Appearance (you should pay attention if you plan to design a room for a specific interior design);
Weight (affects the complexity of installation).

Now let's look at what types of heating radiators exist for a private house, let's get acquainted with the technical characteristics of each of them.

Cast iron

Such radiators began to be installed in houses more than a century ago, during the time of Tsarist Russia. For 100 years, these batteries continue to be in demand, providing high-quality space heating. Even today, in houses built during the Soviet period, cast-iron batteries with more than 50 years of service life are quite common.

The following positive qualities brought them popularity:

Long period of work (radiators can function for decades);
High level of heat transfer (degree of heating - up to 130 ° C, can remain hot for 5-6 hours);
Good strength (batteries are able to withstand internal high pressure, are immune to mechanical stress);
Work with any quality of the coolant (no need to install a filter on the heating system);
Anti-corrosion resistance (under the influence of condensate and temperature changes, which is confirmed by uninterrupted operation in old houses).

However, cast-iron radiators have their drawbacks, due to which they are gradually being replaced by more modern types of appliances:

Large dimensions. Due to their size, they are difficult to transport, install and maintain.
Low thermal conductivity due to the massiveness of the metal and its porous surface. To achieve a high level of heat transfer, the temperature of the heat carrier must be 70-80°C.
Systematic maintenance is required. Batteries need to be cleaned and painted regularly.
It takes a lot of space to accommodate.
Good fasteners are essential for a secure installation.

Advice! To increase the heat transfer of cast iron batteries, you should wash them about once every two years from accumulated rust and small debris particles.

Cast iron radiator Konner "Legend"

In addition, cast-iron radiators are not the most attractive appearance, which is why the interior looks inharmonious. If the design of the room is important to you, then you will have to purchase decorative elements in the form of partitions or fences, but not every owner will want to put additional decorations. Then how to choose the right cast-iron heating radiators for a private house in order to create a harmonious environment? Look at the special lines of some German or French manufacturers who develop original design models for themed interior styles. Such radiators will become a real decoration of the situation, but not everyone can afford them because of the high cost.

Cast iron radiator MS - 140

Among the popular manufacturers of cast iron batteries, it is worth highlighting the Chinese companies Tokio or KONNER, as well as the Russian version - MS-140.

Steel

According to the design and functional features, these devices are of three types. Then which steel radiators are better to choose for a private house? Let's take a look at the characteristics of each type.

Panel

Also called convectors, since heat is supplied by convection (75%). They are rectangular in shape and consist of two welded panels. The coolant circulates through special dining channels. The battery is lightweight and compact in size, which allows it to quickly gain and maintain the required temperature.

Among the significant drawbacks, one can single out susceptibility to mechanical damage and low operating pressure indicators. Also, steel panel radiators are destroyed by corrosion.

Manufacturers produce models with a lower type of eyeliner, which allows you to hide the pipes under the floor covering. This option is ideal for rooms with an original interior design, in which the inlet / outlet communications will look out of place. Among the well-known manufacturers, we highlight Corado, Lidea and Buderus.

Sectional

According to their characteristics, such devices are similar to cast-iron radiators, but they have a number of significant differences:

Internal pressure - 16 atm;
Increased strength due to welded joints;
Long service life (can work up to 50 years).

Unlike cast iron batteries, these devices are not as widespread due to the higher price.

Tubular

In terms of functionality, they generally correspond to panel and sectional radiators, but they are much more expensive. The extra charge comes from a more attractive appearance, allowing them to be placed in rooms with a thematic interior design. In addition, it is very convenient to dry things on tubular batteries, which is especially important for families with small children.

Produced by well-known foreign manufacturers: Zehnder, Arbonia and Delonghi.

Aluminum

Aluminum conducts heat very well, so these radiators provide full-fledged space heating.

Advantages

Among the advantages we highlight:

High heat transfer rates;
Small dimensions;
Good working pressure, which is 12-18 atmospheres;
A light weight.

We also note good heat transfer due to the fast circulation of the coolant, which is provided by free intercollector tubes. On the market, aluminum radiators are represented by a wide range of models with different sizes, so you can easily choose a heater for any room.

Attractive appearance allows using aluminum radiators not only as a heating device, but also as an element of interior design. Due to its neat shape, the device can fit into almost any environment.

Flaws

However, aluminum radiators also have their disadvantages:

Sensitivity to the quality of the heat agent (regular filtration is required, otherwise the system will become unusable in a matter of years);
Susceptibility to sudden pressure drops (when filling, control of the pressure level is necessary);
Weak resistance to corrosion (when buying, be sure to check that there is a protective polymer coating on the surface of the radiator);
Fragility (service life is 10-15 years).

The increased heat transfer of aluminum radiators affects not only in a positive way. The powerful operation of the device quickly raises warm air up, which is trapped between the battery and the ceiling. As a result, a temperature difference may occur. Before buying a device, it is necessary to calculate the heat required for the room. Otherwise, the floor may not warm up.

Classification

Aluminum batteries are classified into three types by design. They differ in structure and serviceability.

Consider these types and try to understand which heating batteries are best for a private house:

One-piece - distinguished by plasticity and durable construction;
Composite sectional - during maintenance, it is possible to replace plates that are out of order;
Combined - combine the qualities of the two previous types, but have a higher cost. In terms of functional advantages, they are recognized as the best aluminum heating radiators for a private house. Produced by Global, Ferroli and RIFAR.

The demand for these devices was provided by an affordable price, increased thermal efficiency and attractive design. This is one of the best options for high-quality heating of your own home. If you follow all the rules of operation, such batteries will last for more than a dozen years, delighting residents with good heating on cold winter evenings.

Bimetallic

The name bimetal means the combination of two or more metals in one product. The internal part of the batteries is made of steel or copper material, which increases their safety and ensures reliable operation. The outer side is equipped with aluminum fins. These devices can be called the evolutionary pinnacle in the development of radiators. Manufacturers claim that such devices can last 40 years.

Despite the high cost, bimetallic radiators in recent years have been occupying a leading position in the heating appliance market. It is advisable to purchase such batteries if the issue of price is not in the first place for you. Then they will fully pay off the financial costs and will serve for many years.

Manufacturers are constantly improving their devices. What bimetallic batteries for heating to choose for the house? Among well-known manufacturers, it is worth highlighting the following companies: Polywarm, Sira, Teplopribor. German Kermi is deservedly recognized as one of the leaders in this industry.

Aluminum and bimetallic radiators: which is better?

As can be seen from the description, both types of batteries can be placed in your own homes. Recently, they managed to gain wide popularity among consumers due to high heating rates. Now let's compare them in terms of technical indicators to find out which radiators for heating are best suited for a private house.

Heat volume

The aluminum battery section produces 200 watts of power. Part of the generated power is converted and the rest of the heat is radiated out. These batteries are able to warm up the room within 10 minutes, which has a positive effect on savings.

Heat transfer on bimetallic radiators is built according to a different principle: a steel core somewhat slows down its production. Each model distributes heat differently, but they all warm up the room longer than aluminum appliances. There are no significant differences in other characteristics.

Heat carrier temperature

Aluminum batteries maintain temperatures up to 110° C, while bimetal batteries operate at 130° C.

Installation

Both varieties have steel fasteners that are placed on screws or plastic dowels. Due to their light weight, the installation of these devices is not difficult. Installation and maintenance is carried out using shaped tools and a set of keys.

Life time

Bimetallic radiators are made from two metals, and, accordingly, are more durable. They can work well for 15-20 years, while aluminum ones, on average, function for about 10 years. If the duration of the operation of the heater is important to you, then it is better to give preference to the first option.

In the domestic heating system, water contains a large number of chemical components. All these impurities have a destructive effect on aluminum, which reacts with them. As a result, rust forms on the walls, which over time can disable the device. For stable operation, the hydrogen index (pH) should be no more than 8 units.

On bimetallic devices, a special coating is used that protects it from the effects of chemical impurities, which makes the material less susceptible to rust. However, in some cases, hydrogen can get into the liquid, which will lead to rapid decay of the components.

Conclusion

A cozy atmosphere in a private house is impossible without the quality work of heating devices. The first step is to determine the number of batteries to be installed and the technical characteristics of the room. We got acquainted with the varieties of heating devices. So what kind of heating radiators is better to install in a private house? First of all, the decision to buy a particular device should be based on its goals. They can be as simple as a heating device or as an exquisite piece of furniture. Also an important role is played by the desired service life and cost of the product.

Creation of an autonomous heating system careful approach to the choice of equipment. And if everything is relatively simple with the choice of a heating boiler, then you will have to sweat with the purchase of radiators. What radiators to choose for heating a private house and what to look for when buying them? In order to answer this question, we will analyze the features of autonomous heating systems, talk about their characteristics, and only after that we will give advice on choosing.

Also in our review, we will consider the features of all radiators available on the market and talk about their use in heating systems of private houses. We will cover the following types of radiators:

cast iron;
steel;
tubular;
aluminum;
Bimetallic.

For each variety, we present the advantages and disadvantages.

Features of autonomous heating systems

Heating systems of private houses differ from centralized heating systems not so much in design features as in operational characteristics. Heating high-rise buildings requires high pressure in the pipes so that the coolant can rise to the upper floors, pass through numerous radiators, passages, taps and bends, and then return back. The higher the house, the higher the pressure, and the more durable the radiators and connections must be.

The autonomous heating system used in private houses consists of: a boiler, pipes, radiators, an expansion tank and a circulation pump (used in systems with forced circulation).

As for autonomous heating systems, they do not need a lot of pressure - the maximum figure here is only 2-3 atmospheres. Therefore, heating radiators for the home can be anything from cast iron to bimetallic. Some settle for the cheapest models, saving money in their wallet, while others give their preference to more reliable, modern and durable radiators. But our verdict is that any heating batteries are suitable for autonomous systems.

What is the difference between centralized heating systems? They are observed:

Low quality of the coolant;
Powerful water hammers.

The coolant in centralized systems is really disgusting. It is full of reagents harmful to pipes and radiators, a lot of dissolved salts and a lot of small mechanical impurities. Under such influence, only the most tenacious batteries survive, for example, cast iron or bimetallic ones.

Autonomous systems are good because here pure water, poured from the plumbing system, acts as a coolant. At any time, water can be replaced, this will make the coolant cleaner. Often, alternative coolants are used here that do not react with metals and do not even freeze in the cold. That is, in autonomous heating systems there is no aggressive environment that could destroy pipes and radiators in the shortest possible time. Therefore, almost any type of radiators is used here.

When using steel radiators, it is recommended to create closed heating systems, since oxygen often enters open systems, which, together with water, begins to destroy not only batteries, but also pipes (metal).

Water hammer in autonomous heating systems is rare, as they are small in size, a small amount of coolant and minimal pressure. Therefore, you don’t have to worry about this factor - feel free to install any batteries, but do not forget that any battery has its drawbacks.

Calculation of heating radiators of a private house

Table of characteristics of 1 section of a heating radiator, depending on the material and size of the section.

The uniformity of heating and the efficiency of the entire heating system depend on how accurately and carefully the calculation of the number of heating radiators in a private house is performed. The average thermal power of heating is 100 W per 1 sq. m. area. That is, to heat a room with an area of 20 square meters. m. need a radiator with a capacity of 2000 watts. If we choose a bimetallic radiator for heating with a heat output of 200 W per section, then we need a 10-section heater (or two batteries of 5 sections each). Cast iron batteries are characterized by lower heat transfer, on average 120-140 watts per section, so there should be more sections here.

Also included in the calculation process:

Amendments to the type of glazing;
The presence of thermal insulation and wall thickness;
Ceiling height (the standard formula takes into account ceiling heights from 2.5 to 3 meters);
The presence of heated rooms above the current room;
Number of exterior walls (corner rooms are colder);
Number and area of windows;
Climatic features of the area.

The most accurate calculations include taking into account the wind rose and the location of the outer walls relative to the cardinal points.

Connection schemes: "Leningrad", lateral connection and diagonal.

How to connect heating radiators in a private house? If you plan to run a one-pipe system, we recommend the Leningradka scheme with a jumper (bypass) for each battery. If you plan to use a two-pipe system, then a diagonal or lateral connection is used here. Adjustment of heating radiators in a private house is carried out using taps that block the supply of coolant. If necessary, taps can be placed on each battery - this will help even out the temperature in the rooms.

Adjustment is also available in a single-pipe system, but for this it must be performed according to the Leningradka scheme, with a bypass / jumper and three taps for each battery.

The choice of heating radiators in a private house

We have already figured out the features of the characteristics of autonomous heating systems and briefly got acquainted with the principles of calculating batteries. Now it remains for us to figure out how to choose a heating radiator for a private house and what to give preference to. Let's start with the old, but well-proven cast-iron batteries.

Bulky, heavy, but very reliable - this is how we can characterize cast iron batteries. They have the least efficiency, but they can survive any trouble.. With good care, they easily serve for 50-60 years, and it is not known how much more they could have served if they had not been thrown away during the next repair. These batteries are good with high heat capacity - they can keep warm during short-term heating outages (for example, they turned off the gas). They are also able to withstand any load.

They also have disadvantages. For example, the same high heat capacity of cast iron causes a high inertia of the system - after heat is supplied, it will take a long time before the batteries begin to warm the rooms. The disadvantages include the large internal capacity of the radiators, the huge weight and the need to use bulky metal pipes to supply the coolant. Also, we can attribute to the minuses a low heat transfer, which ranges from 120 to 140 W per section - this is one of the biggest minuses.

The verdict is this - if you want to save on heating, and you already have suitable radiators and pipes, feel free to mount a system based on these components. Cast iron batteries are suitable for both one-story and two-three-story private houses.

Lightweight and very efficient - this is how we can characterize steel radiators. They are made of relatively rust-resistant steel and are characterized by high heat dissipation, unattainable for other radiators. They are characterized by ease of installation, which is associated with their low weight. Most often they have a panel form. This is what makes them popular in low-rise construction. They are also distinguished by low cost and low inertia - after 15-20 minutes you will feel how warm and comfortable it becomes in your house.

Panel steel radiators must be constantly filled with water - this will prevent the development of rust. It is for this reason that they often fail in multi-storey buildings, since there are often problems with tightness. In autonomous heating systems, as a rule, there are no such problems - they are simpler in design, they have fewer individual elements and connections. Therefore, they will serve here longer. But you need to ensure that oxygen does not enter the coolant - this will serve as a reason for the rapid oxidation of radiators.

Steel radiators are one of the most worthy solutions for heating private houses. They have high heat dissipation and are characterized by affordable cost. Of all the minuses, not very good design can be noted, but they are very practical.

More impressive tubular radiators are made of the same dough as ordinary steel ones. But if ordinary panel models cannot boast of a good appearance, then in the case of tubular radiators, we can see quite interesting solutions, including colored. Such batteries are highly efficient, so they can be safely recommended for heating private houses. As for the advantages and disadvantages, they are the same as those of the steel models described above.

Tubular radiators are convenient in that it is convenient to dry small-sized laundry on them, for example, children's clothes. But they are rarely found on sale, despite the fact that some manufacturers offer really interesting models - their price bites.

Considering the types of heating radiators for a private house, one cannot pass by modern aluminum models. These are inexpensive, quite reliable and efficient devices, well suited for installation in low-rise buildings. They withstand pressure up to 15-20 atmospheres and resist small water hammer well. Their main advantage is a small price, which goes well with excellent appearance. As a result we get a heating battery balanced in all respects for a private house- Inexpensive, effective and beautiful.

As for the disadvantages of aluminum radiators, this is the lack of resistance to a coolant with a high level of acidity. For this reason, such batteries cannot be installed in high-rise buildings with centralized heating, where the quality of the coolant is extremely far from ideal. But if you pour well-purified water with a neutral acidity index (pH) into your home autonomous heating system, then the batteries will last a long time, featuring good efficiency and heat dissipation.

Also, the list of disadvantages includes too intense convection, which is why you have to carefully select these radiators for the area and volume of heated rooms. It is best to entrust this to heating specialists.

The characteristics of aluminum radiators are similar to those of steel models. But they confidently captured the low-rise construction market due to their lightness, reliability, lack of rust, high heat transfer and low cost - the last parameter is the most significant for the domestic consumer.

Bimetal radiators

This is the most durable battery type for private and multi-family buildings. They are resistant to poor quality coolant, high heat output (literally a few watts lower than that of aluminum models - this parameter can be neglected), pleasant appearance, and endurance. These radiators withstand high coolant pressure and are able to withstand water hammer up to 50 atm. Bimetallic radiators are good in all respects, but lose a lot in price- their cost is very high.

In general, bimetallic radiators are well suited for installation in private homes. But is it worth spending so much money if there is no high pressure here, and the coolant is of high quality? Therefore, we can only recommend them if you have extra money in your pockets.

With the onset of cold weather, it's time to think about how to properly and economically insulate your home? You have to think about which batteries for heating a private house are better to buy? Another important issue is the replacement of heating batteries.

Types of heating radiators

Cast iron radiators;
Bimetallic radiators;
Panel radiators;
Aluminum radiators;
Radiators are tubular.

Cast iron radiator consists of sections, durable. Excellent heat dissipation. Such radiators are resistant to corrosion, a good choice of heating for an apartment. Cons - heavy weight, depressurization of joints from time to time.

Bimetallic radiators are made of steel and aluminum, expensive, of excellent quality. They have an anti-corrosion coating, are durable - the service life is up to 40 years, they are not susceptible to water hammer, high heat transfer. Economical. Bimetallic heating is the best option. They will definitely keep you warm.

Cons high cost. Panel radiators - maximum heat transfer, reasonable price, compact size, ease of installation, light.

Cons - the need for frequent flushing (3 times a year), in order to avoid slagging. Aluminum heating batteries - serve up to 20 years, quickly heat up the room, have a small weight, presentable appearance.

Cons - a quick reaction of the metal to an acidic and alkaline environment, corrosion of the radiator when connected to pipes made of other alloys.

Tubular radiators - have a low weight and high cost precisely because of the huge variety of shapes and sizes. The main data is approximately the same with panel and sectional data. Cons - frequent replacement of radiators, low heat transfer, thin walls, the minimum amount of coolant.

Calculation of the number and type of batteries

For those who want to properly install or replace heating batteries in an apartment, you can also read.

The article will not use complex formulas and also, the calculations will be simplified.

Do-it-yourself installation of a heating battery with your own hands, requires:

You need to know how to choose and connect a heating radiator and install a tap on a heating battery;
Studying the rules for connecting radiators;
Carrying out accurate calculations and measurements;
You must have the necessary tool.

The device of the heating battery is simple. Heated water to the required temperature from the boiler enters the apartment through pipes. In the future, it enters the radiators.

Regardless of the temperature of the radiators, they always give off about 60% of the energy when they radiate thermal energy, the remaining 40% are given off in a convective way. In this way, minimal air convection is achieved and good heating of those objects that are present in the room.

Now let's take a closer look at how to calculate the number of sections for individual heating:

Based on current building codes, 100 watts of thermal power is needed to heat 1 "square" of a room. For example, the area of \u200b\u200bthe room is 24 "squares", the power of one section is 160 watts, therefore the calculation is: 24 x 100: 160 = 15. To heat the room, the required number of batteries is 15 sections, with a power of 160 watts.
In this option, the indicators are - the calculation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room and height. One section heats 1.8 m² of area with a ceiling height of 2.5 meters, we calculate 24: 1.8 = 13.3. There are 14 sections of the radiator.
The last option is how to calculate the required number of sections according to the volume of the room. The length of the room is 6 m, width - 4 m, height - 2.5 m. The volume will be 6 x 4 x 2.5 = 60 m³. For heating 5 m³
the power of the heating battery of one section is 200 watts, you need to buy 60: 5 = 12 (sections) of 200 watts or 11 sections of 160 watts.

Types of heating batteries are divided into sectional (cast iron, bimetallic, aluminum) and panel made from steel. Usually this is a flat battery with bulges for the movement of the coolant.

Heating radiators for an apartment are different, it is very important to install a meter on the heating battery on them, which will help save up to 65% of the original amount for heating.

Types of heating radiators. Modern types of heating radiators

Comparison of batteries for a private house

Steel, panel type 6-10 Suitable Low
Steel, tubular type 8-15 Suitable High
Bimetallic. 20-35 Suitable High
Cast iron 6-9 Suitable Low
Aluminum 6-25 Suitable Low

For a private house, it is better to install batteries made of steel or aluminum, which have many advantages and an affordable price.

For a comfortable room temperature, you need a thermostat for heating batteries to help maintain a stable temperature.

How to shut off the heating battery is a simple question. For owners of private houses, it is easy to adjust or repair radiators, a private house is equipped with an individual heating system. On the radiator, you need to open the upper valve, and close the lower one. In this case, there will always be water in the heating system, which will save the radiator from corrosion.

According to the rules in houses, the water of radiators cannot be less than +18 °C (corner rooms - +20 °C). In places with an average temperature of about -31 °C or more, the room temperature cannot be less than +20 °C, and in corner rooms the temperature should be -22 °C.

At night (from 00.00 to 5.00 hours) the room temperature can drop no more than 4 °C. During the day, a decrease in temperature less than indicated in the standard level is not allowed.

Why install a screen on a heating battery? This is a good way to close outdated and unsuitable heating elements in the interior. The heating radiator screen is easy to install and affordable, eliminating the need to replace the radiator and supply pipes.

Tying radiators is carried out using various pipes, experts recommend using polypropylene. Ball valves for strapping are also bought polypropylene straight and angled, this option is simple and cheap.

Flat radiators have appeared on the modern market. This new type of radiators is made of cast iron or steel, the buyer is presented with all kinds of sizes of radiators, their heating function and beautiful decor.

Why are vertical radiators more convenient? They are designed to be placed on free sections of walls, and the main difference between high radiators and ordinary ones is a small width with a considerable height. High heating batteries are made of steel and aluminum.

To date, electric heating batteries are a new version of radiators. The type of these heaters independently maintains the temperature of the body and the air in the room.

Convectors (plate batteries)

Pluses - strong, perfectly give off heat, are easily installed even on the ceiling and on the floor.
Cons - they heat the air unevenly, so the heating battery does not heat well.

A common question is why air is in the radiator? The coolant is heated, small bubbles are formed during the separation of oxygen, which create an air lock; the air vent does not work; in apartments, air jams are usually on the top floors. The Mayevsky valve will help remove air.

Based on the foregoing, heating devices for a private house are installed taking into account the type of existing heating system. The best option for an individual heating system would be aluminum and steel batteries. In a private house, there are no temperature differences in an autonomous pipeline, prepared water is used and pressure is regulated.

How to choose heating radiators Which batteries and heating radiators are better