Grinding machine for metal with their own hands. Wood grinder: What operations are performed using this tool. Assembly and installation stages

Grinder (eng.) Literally - Crusher. MEAT Grinder is a meat grinder, Rock (Stone) Grinder - stone coast; Stick (Wood) Grinder is a garden crusher of branches and rods in chip. But there is the meaning of the word Grinder completely unequivocal: in mechanical engineering and metalworking is a grinding machine. The thing on the farm is useful. For example, send the smashed meat grinder knife on Bruke-dowdow is manually impossible. On the hand cleaner for knives - somehow possible, having a solid worker skill. And in Grinder - no problem. The same thing - if you need to inch a detail of a complex form without breaking its profile. Or just sharpen scissors or professional knife. Miscellaneous kind of wood cutters and metal is best to rule in Grender. Describe and reclose the same Grinder with their own hands possible, without having complex equipment and skills to work on it. For money, this will mean savings from 50-90 thousand rubles. up to 3-6 thousand USD.

To make Grinder independently, it will be necessary to order a maximum of 4-5 accurate parts, and it is often possible to do without turns without turning on the part. For example, how to make the simplest Grinder literally from the rubble, see the video below:

Video: Ribbon Greenover with her hands

Or another option, how to make Grinder early and worse from scrap metal:

Video: Grinder from scrap metal

Disk or tape? And drive

The varieties of grinding machines in the industry are hardly not more than larger than the turning ones. The emerats known to all craftsmen - a motor with a pair of grinding circles (or one circle) is also Grinder. For myself, at home, it makes sense to do either a disk end (plate), or a ribbon grinder. In the first abrasive is applied to a rotating hard disk; In the second - on the elastic ribbon, the luxurituing system of pulleys and rollers. The disk is more suitable for grinding simple wooden parts and coarse or medium purity - metal. On the ribbon grinder, it is also possible to produce accurate and clean finishes of profiled parts of a complex shape, incl. Large, see below.

Disc Grinder is very simply from the very essay or suitable motor power, see below. It is necessary to order an adapter from the electric motor shaft under the shank of a plate grinding circle on a metal basis. Or under the clamping cartridge, then on the same motor it will be possible to build a mini lathe, see Fig.:

"Plate" is worn out: a disk from a thin (4-6 mm) fibrous plastic is placed on the edge of its side, and the abrasive is on it. How to make the end grinder, see the next. roller.

Video: homemade end grinder

The difference between the disk and tape grinder is not only in the possibilities of use. If you take ordinary home crafts, then for disk grinder, there is enough drive power in 250-300 W on the shaft. For small wooden parts - and 150-170 W. This is a motor from the old washing machine, direct (ordinary) drill or screwdriver. But for the ribbon Greenman, you will need the engine from 450-500 W: three-phase with batteries of launchers and working capacitors. If it is assumed to be processed largely, then the power of the motor is from 1-1.2 kW. Moreover, the batteries of the capacitors for the other will cost the slightly cheaper of the engine itself.

Note: The capacity of 100-200 W uses a ribbon mini-grindder (see below) for the exact edit of knives, grinding / polishing jewelry, etc.

A drill or screwdriver as the Greendera drive is also convenient and that they allow you to quickly change the speed of the abrasive movement (see below) by the regular regulator of the rotational speed. It is only necessary, first, to make a holder for a drill, a hard locking tool. Secondly, an elastic transitional clutch with a drill on a disk shank, because It is difficult to achieve their accurate centering without special equipment, and the beat will reduce the accuracy of processing and can damage the drive tool.

Drawings of a drill holder for using it as a home metal cutting machine drive left on Fig.:

Since the shock and irregular signage of the drive in the Greender are an order of magnish lower than, let's say, in the lathe, the drill holder for it can be made of solid wood, plywood, chipboard, MDF, on the right in Fig. The diameter of the fastening (large) hole - on the neck of the drill. The drill is very desirable to use without a shock mechanism and with a steel shell with a neck (under the installation of the front handle).

Coupling

For the transition clutch, you will need a segment of a steel rod (not necessarily accurate) of the same diameter as the shank of the Greendera drive shaft, and the segment of the reinforced PVC hose (garden irrigation) with a lumen so that it is tightly tensioned on the rod and shank. The length of the "free" hose (between the ends of the rod and the shank in it) is 3-5 cm. The length of the protruding part of the rod must be sufficient for a reliable clamp in the drill cartridge. After assembling the coupling on the spot hose on the shank and rod tightly tightened by clamps; Can be wire. Such a coupling completely parries the drive mecentric and the slave shaft to 1-1.5 mm.

Ribbon is still better

Ribbon Grindder allows you to do everything as disk, and much more. Therefore, further we focus on how the ribbon grinding machine do it yourself. Lovers, focusing on industrial samples, make Grenders sometimes very intricate, see Fig.:

And this is justified: the design and kinematics of the ribbon grinder are very plastic, which allows you to successfully use sweater materials and old metallowers. You only need to follow 3 principles:

Do not do as on the second on the left photo of Fig.: Tape abrasive side should only be constructed by the processed part. Otherwise, abrasive will eat and roasting rollers, and themselves. The accuracy and purity of processing throughout the operating operation will be unpredictable;
The design of the machine should provide a uniform tension of the tape regardless of the nature of the operation produced;
The speed of the tape must comply with the character of the operation.

Kinematics and design

As mentioned above, the designs of Grinders have many. Consider, from what and how to build Grinder to yourself, it is better to focus on industrial samples, designed fully mechanized for accurate and clean grinding of large-sized profiled parts: once "skin" as it is necessary to blade the propeller of the aircraft or wind turbine, then with any other work it will cope.

The kinematic schemes of the Grenders of the specified purpose are given in Fig.:

Major kinematic schemes of ribbon grinding machines (Grinders)

Pos. A is the most complex and perfect, with three rocker. If the length of the tension roller roller approx. 2 times less than the worker, then, adjusting the tension of the springs, you can achieve a uniform tension of the tape with a course of a working rocker at 20-30 degrees up and down. The slope of the bypass rocker, firstly, the machine is reconfigured under ribbons of different lengths. Secondly, in the same way, you can quickly change the tension of the tape for different operations. The working branch of the tape can be any, except running from the drive pulley to the stretch roller, i.e. Grinder with 3 rockers at the same time and horizontal, and vertical.

The scheme with a coaxially swinging rocker (pos. 2) is easier, cheaper and according to the processing accuracy is not inferior to the previous one, if the length of the rocker between the axes is at least 3 across the processed parts. To bring down the grinding profile, the course of the rocker is limited to the stops within 10 degrees up-down. Press the ribbon to the details most often gravitational, under the weight of the rocker with the roasting pulley. Tension tape is possible in some limits to quickly change, tightening the rocker upwards of a weak adjustable spring, partly compensating for its severity. Grinder of this scheme can work as grinding for small parts from the trail. In this case, the risk is rigidly fixed horizontally, and the working surface of the tape will be a circular pulley. According to the scheme with a coaxial rocker, for example, a popular BTS50 Grender is quite popular. The shortcomings of the scheme, firstly, technologically complex coaxial with the leading rocker hinge. Secondly, the need for elastic ribbon: if they make the watercolor pulley with sliding spring-loaded, the processing accuracy drops. This disadvantage in the processing of small parts is completely eliminated by an additional tensioner, see below.

The scheme with one unauthorized rocker in the industry is quite rare, because In principle, it does not allow to achieve uniform tension of the tape. However, it gives accuracy, quite sufficient at home and allows you to build a very good simple Grinder.

What is what good

Now let's see what is possible to "squeeze" from a particular scheme from the point of view of the amateur masters. And then let's try to figure out how to make a tape for the Greenman and do without custom-made accurate parts.

3 rockers

Competent lovers of their grinders build just according to the scheme with 3 rockers, on the left in Fig. below. The blades of propellers are ground not all, but in this case there is another dignity of this scheme: if the Grinder is used as a vertical, then the working branch of the tape is elastic. This allows a skillful master, let's say, cutting cutting edges and blades literally with micron accuracy.

In industrial grinders for home use, a scheme with 3 rockers is also used widely (in the center) for the same reasons. Repetitions themselves in most cases are quite possible. For example, the drawings of the popular KMG Greenman can be downloaded abroad.

Sizes, however, inch - American machine. To drive, in any case, it is possible to use an angular drong-grinder (right in Fig., It is quite suitable for power) with homemade pulley and rollers, see below.

Note: If you do a landline drive, try to get an asynchronous motor for 2-3 speeds from the unsuitable wash with a horizontal tank. His advantage is small revs. This makes it possible to make a leading pulley of a large diameter and thereby exclude the slipping of the tape. Squad tape in work - almost certainly spoiled item. Most of the styrels with 2-3 high-speed asynchronous motors at 220 V - Spanish. Power on the shaft - 600-1000 W. If you score on this, do not forget about the standard phase-shifting capacitor battery.

Coaxial rocker

In the pure form of Grenders with coaxial fishers, lovers do not make. The coarse hinge is a complicated thing, the elastic ribbon does not do it, and the purchase is expensive. Grenders with a coaxial rocker house are most often used in the embodiment for small accurate work from the table, i.e. With a rigidly fixed horizontal rocker. But then there is no need for a rocker as such.

An example is the Mini Grinder, the drawings of which are given in Fig.:

Its features, firstly, the invoice for the tape (pos. 7), which significantly expands the possibilities of use. For example, the piece of iron is ruled on this Grinder with an angular focus literally in itself. In this case, Grinder works, if you can put it like that, as a self-moving donel (emery bar). Removing the bed, we get Greender with an elastic ribbon to accurate grinding / polishing rounded small details. Secondly, the stretch shaft (pos. 12). Pulling it with the grooves with the nuts, we get a relatively fixed tension of the tape to work with bed. And letting the nuts, we translate Grinder to the gravitational tension of the tape for thin works. The drive is not necessarily through the pulley (pos. 11). You can be tied right behind the shank of the leading shaft (pos. 16) from the drill through the transition clutch, see above.

Specialized instrumental Grinder (eg, for the guidance and editing of turning cutters) generally loses any similarity of the source scheme. Motor for it takes high-speed (power 200-300 W enough). Leading pulley, respectively, small diameter. Pulley pulley, on the contrary, make more and more, for inertia. All this together allows you to reduce tape beats. Tensioner roller with the same purpose, plus for greater uniformity of tension tension, remove away and spring up the long non-very strong spring. How to make Grinder to treat cutters, see the video below.

Video: Grinder for making cutters

One rocker

In amateur practice, Grenders with an unauthorized rocker is good because they don't need exact details at all. For example, hinges can be made from card loops. At the same time, processing accuracy remains sufficient for ordinary amateur requests.

The initial scheme in this case is also modified: the rocker is rotated 90 degrees, referred up and spring, on the left in Fig. It turns out a simple vertical grinder. And, which is important - without any problems working with a homemade negress tape. Provide tension of the tape can spring as stretching (center) and compression. The force of her is not the essence as important, if only the ribbon in the process of work did not burn excessively. No adjustments for the time of use are required.

Consumables and details

The only consumable material for the ribbon grinder - tape (not counting lubricants for bearings and hinges. The tape can order the desired length (see at the end), but it can be done independently from the emery skirt on a textile basis. It is very desirable - flexible, unprofitable. In general Procedure for manufacturing tape for the Greenman with their own hands:

Sut off the workpiece - the strip of the desired length and width.
We prepare the mandrel (not necessarily round) lengths by forming slightly less than the length of the tape.
We supply the mandrel with the workpiece outward.
We bring the ends of the workpiece exactly and fastened and securely.
We put on the joint of the adhesive of the adhesive rod for the thermoclate gun.
Gray with a construction hairdryer until the glue is melted.
We put on the bog of a thin tissue lat.
Click something tough through the Teflon film until the glue is freezing.

There are three significant points here. The first - instead of the fabric on the latch, use a rough film from PET with a thickness of 25-50 microns (for sale). It is very strong, but try to spend your finger on a bottle of PET. Not really slippery? A rough PET film under the tension will not stretch over polished metal. And instead of the margin, it is better to flick the offstand of the ribbon of a solid strip of the PET film with an adhesive by 2-3 cm. The tape beating will be no more than 0.05-0.1 mm. It is less than from the thinnest Mitkal and even less than the error of the thickness of the billet skin.

The second is the finished tape in the machine and graze it without a strong push something indecent. The rubber on the seam is missed, and the tape will become no worse than the brand name.

But the most important thing is to elasticity the best glue for gluing the Greender tape is not expensive and complex in the use of thermo- or assembly, but an ordinary PVA. If the tape is saved by lining along the entire length of the inside, then it is enough for its durability with an excess. How to chase the ribbon for the Greenman PVA, see Roller

Video: Bonding ribbon for Grinder glue PVA

Pulley

The forming (side surface in the context) of the GRINDER pullee should be straightforward. If you use the pulley barrel, the tape will be angry through the entire length. The rollers do not allow it, see further, but the forming pulley should be straight.

The pulley for Greenman, not intended for particularly accurate work, firstly, should not be accurate. In a scheme with 3 rockers, the tape beating from its route will go out on the rollers before it comes to the working branch. In a simple vertical grinder, the tape is sufficiently extinguishing the stretch spring. Therefore, the pulley for the Greenman is quite possible to do without a machine, see video:

Video: leading wheel on Grinder without lathe

The second is a pulley, rollers and in general all the details of the home grinder is quite admissible to do from plywood. In production, this is definitely not an option, even if plywood Grinder will offer a gift with a surcharge: a salary grinder is needed, and the Wooden Grinder in the workshop is completely causing before it and itself. But you will not chase Greentand the day every day in 3 shifts. And on plywood pulley no ribbon is slipping. Including homemade. So you can safely do the pulley of the Greenman from Plywood:

Video: Pulley for Greenman from Plywood

It is much more important to correctly calculate the diameter of the pulley by motor turnover and the required speed of the tape. Too slowly running tape will tear the material being processed; Too fast - herself erased, without finishing anything. In which case, what ribbon speed is needed this special conversation, and very difficult. In general, the smaller the abrasive and the harder material being processed, the faster the tape should move. How the ribbon speed depends on the diameter of the pulley and turns of the motor, see Fig.:

Fortunately, for most pairs, abrasive material The permissible limits of the speed of the ribbon movement is quite wide, so the pulley for the Greenman can be chosen easier:

Video: What a wheel is needed for a ribbon grinder

Videos

Greenman's rollers, oddly enough at first glance, the most responsible details. It is rollers holding a ribbon from slipping and provide its uniform tension in width. Moreover, the roller in kinematics can only be one, see for example, the video is higher about Grinder for the cutters. They will cope with such a task only by barrels, see below. But the "trough" of the tape after any roller should straighten before it comes to the working area.

Rollers with flames (sides, rags) can not hold the ribbon. The point here is not only and not so much with the distortion of the axes of the rollers: the Greenman's tape, unlike the drive belt, must withstand, not sliding, load from the processed parts. If you make rollers with flavors, then a little touched something to the tape, it will turn off on the flavor. In Grender, it is necessary to use rollers-keg type 3 (highlighted in red on the left in Fig.).

The size of the rollers is also given. Type 3. The diameter of the rollers is desirable to take no more than 0.5 widths of the tape (so that the "trough" is not left away), but not less than 20 mm of steel accurate and at least 35-40 mm plywood. The tensioning roller (the probability of climbing the tape from it is the largest) if the working branch of the tape does not come with it, it can be a diameter of 0.7-1.2 its width. Plywood rollers are made in the form of a thick shell, in which the bearing will be filled; Then the roller is satisfied with the axis (in the center in Fig.) And it is perfectly processed, see for example. track. video:

Video: Roller-barrel for Grinder

Turn the roller-barrel profile exactly according to GOST may and on the machine not any turner. Meanwhile, there is a way to make rollers for the Greenman without significant difficulty. It will help all the same garden reinforced PVC hose, right in fig. Previously. On the blank of the roller with a direct forming tightly stretch its segment and cut off with a margin along the edges in the thickness of the hose wall. It turns out a roller with a complex profile forming, even better holding a tape and giving it "trough". Do not believe? Try to get on the cemetery of aircraft or rockets and dig in them. You will find rollers with exactly the same profile forming. Just into the mass production of the rollers of a complex profile is much more expensive than the barrels type 3.

And another option

All responsible details of the Greendera are a solid tape, a coating pulleys, excluding its slipping, rollers - can be purchased separately. They will cost not so cheaply, but still not thousands of foreign and not in dozens of native "cosuh". The remaining parts of the Greenman, or flat, or out of proftres, are manufactured using conventional desktop drillings or drills. This is where you can order the details for the Greenman:

//www.cora.ru/products.asp?id\u003d4091 - Tape. Make lengths and widths at the request of the customer. Consult on abrasives and processing modes. Prices are acceptable. Delivery time - Questions to Ruchkut.
//www.equipment.rilkom.ru/01kmpt.htm - spare parts (components) to grinding machines. There is everything, the prices are divine. Delivery - see before.
//www.ridgid.spb.ru/goodscat/good/listall/104434/ - The same, but foreign production. Prices are more expensive, delivery is the same.
//www.pk-m.ru/kolesa_i_roliki/privodnye_kolesa/ - Drive wheels. You can find suitable for the Greenman.
//dyplex.by..ru/bader.html, //www.syndic.ru/index.php?option\u003dcom_content&task\u003dview&id\u003d36&itemid\u003d36 - spare parts for grinders. Ribbons to order do not do - choose according to the catalog. Rollers without axes; The axes are sold separately. The quality is impeccable, but everything is very expensive. Sending - within 2 weeks to the border. Then - the customs of them, our customs, Rudskaya. Total approx. 2 months. Maybe not to go if some local chinch considers the goods with sanctions. In this case, with the return of the supply of problems there is no problem for a complete lack of real opportunities for an ordinary citizen of real possibilities.

5,00

Manual power tools at the moment have gained great distribution, which is not a single master sampler without them. However, sometimes this toolkit is not enough, and the need for serious equipment for its workshop appears. So in my practice the period occurred when a ribbon grinding machine was needed, allowing to process the surface of large parts.

Industrial instances of grinding machines are too expensive. Therefore, I had to invent something myself. An ordinary manual ribbon machine, in which the continuous grinding tape moves along the straight sole surface with an abrasive side outside, seemed to me the perfect constructive prototype of the homemade machine. Naturally, my machine will be much larger, and it will be installed stationary.

It happened so that it took me to handle a large number of details about two meters long. This determined the size of the table and the most future machine (Photo 1).

The electric motor did not have to choose. I put an existing engine with a capacity of 2.5-3.0 kW and the number of revolutions of 1500 per minute. If the ribbon speed choose about 20 m / s, the diameter of the drums should be close to 200 mm. Thus, it turned out that during the revolutions of our engine, a gearbox is not required for the machine.

Of the two drums, one plays the role of the lead. He must feel hard to sit on the shaft of the engine, and the other is stretched - freely rotate on bearings around the stationary axis. To regulate the tension of the tape, it suffices to shift this axis along the desktop in one direction or another (photo 2). The table I built from a thick pine timber, but now I think that it had to be made from sheet metal. "

It is clear that the length of the table is dependent on the distance between the shafts and the length of the grinding tape. Determining is the size of the entire platform on which the machine parts are mounted (the electric motor with the drive drum, the desktop, the driven drum with the tensioner). From the slave drum, the table must have (photo 3). Providing smooth touch of tape (especially its skled joint) of the desktop surface.

Make a leading grinding tape (photo 4) and tension (photo 5) Drums can be from chipboard. To do this, it is enough to drink from the slab of the blank with dimensions of 200x200 mm and collect a package of 240 mm from them. Square tiles - each separately or (if the lathe will allow the lathe) together by folding the blanks on the axis, to flow to the diameter of 200 mm. The last option is preferable because you can make a drum in one installation. It should be borne in mind that the diameter of the drum in the center should be more than 2-3 mm than around the edges. It is known that with such a geometry of the surface, the flexible tape will hold in the middle of the drum. In my opinion, the optimal ribbon width is 200 mm. From one roll of the emery canvas width in 1 m, you can easily glue 5 such tapes.

If at the very beginning I expected to handle exclusively wooden blanks (photo 6-10)In the process of operation, it was discovered and complementary and qualitatively to accurate a special tool, for example, various profile full-flood mills.

It turned out that the longer the desktop, the greater the possibility for fantasy when choosing a technological treatment of the product processing. I personally had to work with a ribbon about 4.5 m, while the length of the processed parts reached 2 m. It does not mean that the length of the blanks can not be even more. Under certain conditions, the length of grinding blanks may not matter. If they are narrow, then any of the machine capabilities. Now I do not need to contact specialized workshops for sharpening a cutting tool: Rubankov, Fugankov, flights and other (photo 11-13). Such as sharpening axes (photo 14), knives, chisels and various chops I could not achieve earlier on any universal grinding equipment. And if you remove the wooden table and make it out of iron, you can easily, you can put on the abrasive tape (photo 15). But when the length of the processed part is equal to or less than the length of the table, then it is much easier to achieve the perfect grinding of the entire surface than when moving a large blank.

The ribbon is used in cases where it is necessary to perform finishing parts processing, that is, as equipment for the implementation of finishing technological operations. Most often, such machines are used in the furniture industry, with their help perform the processing of parts made of wood of various breeds. But it is possible to use a tape-grinding machine for processing metal parts, for which the tape is used with the corresponding abrasive material.

Scope of the machine

The main tasks that perform the grinding machine of the grinding group are: the finishing alignment of the treated surface, bringing the surface roughness level to the desired, bringing the treated surfaces to the level of smoothness before they are coated with varnish and other finishing materials. Also, the ribbon machine is used to eliminate minor defects of the treated surface: recesses, elevations and burrs, finishing coating processing: removal of primers and varnish, grades, grinding of internal surfaces, processing roundings on the surface of the part.

Factory-made option, whose drawings can be used to create a similar self-made device.

The ribbon machine can be used to handle parts made from various materials: wood, simple and, non-ferrous metals. What is convenient, to process with a ribbon machine can be details that have a different form: quadrangular, round and flat. With the help of such equipment, round and tube parts can be processed, characterized by a large diameter of their cross-section.

Constructive features of the machine

The working tool of any belt is the tape, on the surface of which abrasive powder is applied. It is made in the form of a ring and placed between two rotating drums, one of which is the leading, and the second led.

Rotation to the drive shaft of the ribbon machine is transmitted from the electric motor, which is connected to it using a belt transmission. The speed of the ribbon mechanism can be adjusted, thereby changing the mode of processing parts. The tape of the plane grinding machine can be placed horizontally or vertically, as well as at a certain angle, which allow some equipment models of this category.

Choosing a model of a ribbon grinding machine for processing a detail, it is important to consider the length of the surface that it is necessary to grind. It is much more convenient to handle parts on such machines, the surface length of which is less than the length of the abrasive tape and the desktop. Passing such conditions and the quality of processing will be much higher.

The ribbon grinding machine can have a different design: with a movable and still work desk, with a free ribbon. A separate category includes broad-power equipment, the feature of which is that their desktop, which is simultaneously the feed element, is made in the form of a caterpillar. In those models of equipment, in the design of which the desktop is provided, the abrasive tape is located in a horizontal plane, and in the equipment with a free ribbon, in which the desktop is not provided, it may have a different spatial position.

A mandatory structural element of any belt grinding machine, including desktop, is the exhaust device, which is necessary to remove dust, in a large number of generated during the processing process. Both professional and any homemade grinding machine, used in the domestic workshop or garage, is activated from the electric motor.

Principle of operation

The main parameters of the ribbon grinding machine include the feed rate and the force with which the tape is pressed against the part being processed. Parameters such as the degree of abrasive ribbon grain, should be chosen depending on which the material being manufactured is made, as well as on the degree of roughness, which should have the surface of the processed product.

The characteristics of the material being processed, in particular, its hardness, primarily affect which graininess should be chosen by the abrasive tape. Processing modes that are directly related to each other are the feed rate and tape force force. So, if grinding at high speed, but with a slight force of clamping an abrasive tape, then some parts of the surface part can be untreated. If, on the contrary, increase the clamping force and reduce the feed rate, you can encounter the fact that corrosion and blackening of the material may appear on individual areas of the surface being treated surface.

Another variation of the machine - the side view of the working surface of the ribbon

The grinding results are influenced by how high quality abrasive tape is glued. To obtain high quality processing and not encounter failures in the operation of the ribbon machine, you should not use abrasive ribbons that glued incorrectly or have needed edges. When equipping the ribbon on the shafts of the equipment, it is necessary to have it so that the end of the seam, the lying pectorist, does not go on the surface of the work being processed, and slipped through it. Read more about gluing tape in the video below.

Anyone, including a manual grinding machine, should provide for the possibility of adjusting the tension of the tape, which is ensured by moving a movable shaft that is not driven. The tension of the tape is a very important parameter, when choosing which the Golden Mid-Mode should be guided. If the tape of the grinding machine is pulled too much, then this can lead to its rupture in the process of operation, and its too weak tension is the cause of slipping and, as a result, its excessive heating. The main characteristic to determine the degree of tension tension is the arrow of its deflection, which is measured at easy pressing on its surface in the stretched state.

The hand-made ribbon machine of the grinding group can be served by one statement, which moves the desktop with the workpiece and turns it to bring all the sections of its surface under the abrasive tape.

How to make a tape-grinding machine

Many home masters and professionals wonder how to make a grinding machine with their own hands. The reason for the occurrence of such a question is quite simple: the high cost of serial grinding equipment, they will recoup which with irregular use not for everything. In order to make such equipment, you will need several basic components: electric motor, rollers and reliable bed. Naturally, there will be no superfluous drawings of such a device or his photo. Also at the end of the article, you can see the rollers to assemble the ribbon machine on their own.

The engine for ribbon grinding equipment is easy to find, it can be removed with the washing machine that served his term. The bed will have to do it yourself, for this you can use a metal sheet with dimensions of 500x180x20 mm. One side of the bed should be trimmed very smoothly, since it will need to lock the platform on which the electric motor will be mounted. The electric motor platform should also be made from a metal sheet with dimensions of 180x160x10 mm. Such a platform must be fixed to the bed very securely with several bolts.

Another feature of the face

The effectiveness of the belt grinding machine directly depends on the characteristics of the electric motor, which is installed on it. If you are going to make a grinding machine with your own hands, then you will be quite suitable for an electric motor with a capacity of 2.5-3 kW, developing about 1500 revolutions per minute. In order for using such an engine, the grinding ribbon moved at a speed of 20 m / s, the drums must have a diameter of about 200 mm. What is convenient if you choose the engine with such characteristics, then you will not need to make a gearbox for your grinding machine.

The presenter shaft is connected to the motor shaft directly, and the second - slave - should rotate freely on the axis, which is installed in the bearing nodes. In order for the abrasive ribbon more smoothly with the surface of the workpiece, the area of \u200b\u200bthe bed, on which the slave shaft is installed, should be performed with a small bevel.

Make shafts for a ribbon grinding machine with minimal financial costs can be from the chipboard. Just cut from such a plate square blanks with a size of 200x200 mm, drill the central holes in them and the package with a total thickness of 240 mm attract them to the axis. After that, you will also remain soaking the resulting package and make a round shaft from it with a diameter of about 200 mm.

Drawings and detailed analysis of some parts made of wood.

Tape-grinding machine made of wood (click to enlarge)

Mechanism of adjusting the tilt of the table Block plate tensioner tape machine assembly

When work with a wooden surface comes to completion, the finish grinding step occurs. To perform grinding without burrs, scratches, beautifully round the sharp corners of any detail, you must use the grinding machine on wood. This tool will help to perform a grinding professionally even a newcomer, which first took the device in hand. If desired, it is possible to make a grinding machine yourself, using only a screwdriver.

The industry produces several types of machines, characterized in both constructive and intended purpose. Here are the main of them:

Eccentric or orbital, in this case the tool sole simultaneously rotates around its axis and at some orbit. It turns out that every time it passes a little else in another place, so scratches and burrs are wiping with each passing and stronger and stronger.

Vibration model. Here, the working sole provides reciprocating movements with a frequency of about 20,000 movements per minute. It is at the expense of these movements and grinding occurs.
The angular grinding machine, which the people are called "Bulgarian". With this tool, it is carried out a rough processing of parts, large logs, and the like. For processing applied abrasive circles of the required grain.
A ribbon grinding machine that is commonly used for work on large surfaces. Structurally, it is rollers driven by the electric motor to which the sandpaper is hoping.

Making a ribbon grinder with your own hands + (video)

It is not entirely difficult to make a ribbon grinder on its own, it is necessary to perform the following steps:

pick up suitable materials and details;
make a reliable basis for fixing the tool;
install a suitable worktop;
consolidate vertical racks with tensioner and drum;
mount the motor and drums;
secure the emery tape.

To process rather large parts and items need to be made a large copy of the serial grinder. For example, if you take an electric motor with a power of 2 kW or more powerful with a rotor speed of 1500 revolutions per minute, then the gearbox can not be installed. The power of such an engine is enough to rotate the drum of the order of 20 cm in diameter and process the parts of about 2 m.

You can also use an electric motor from the old washing machine. The bed in this case is made from a thick sheet of iron, having prepared a place to install the motor and carefully attaching it to the bolts to eliminate vibration. The design of such a typewriter is 2 drums, and one of them is fixed, and the second can stretch and rotates on the bearings around the axis. The base for the machine is desirable to perform from metal or several sheets of thick plywood. The drums make on the lathe of the chipboard. The ribbon is cut from the beans of the emery paper width of about 20 cm and is fixed on the bed. The more the size of the table will be, the largest parts can be laid and processed in the future. Drawings of finished products can be found on the net.

https://youtu.be/vds1gbm_mw4.

Make grinders from the Bulgarian

Many may say that "Bulgarian" is the same an angular grinding machine, but some subtleties are hidden here. It should be borne in mind that the ESM has very high revs and often quite a decent weight. To polish the surface with the Bulgarian, it is necessary to have a lot of experience in this business and use special polishing discs and circles. Grinding machine has a much smaller engine speed and weight. For the work of the factory grinding machine does not require a certain experience and skill.

Alone to make a good grinding machine, not inferior to the factory typewriter in its parameters, only by refining its electrical circuit, by mounting the regulator to lower speed and by applying special grinding nozzles.

We make grinders from a drill

To turn the usual, the household electric drill into the grinding machine should be equipped with its special nozzle - a working drum or a special reference plate, depending on the task set.

The reference or grinding plate is a plastic or rubber base with glued emery paper and a shank for clamping into the cartridge drill. Plates with a flexible shaft are suitable for working with a loose drill, and with hard it is better to apply only for a well-fastened drill.

Grinding drums for household drills are constructively representing a conventional cylinder, a shank and an emotion paper pasted on the cylinder. When using drums, the working surface of the grinders is located parallel to the axis of rotation.

We make orbital grinding

Currently, you can make an orbital machine with your own hands from a broken orbital machine. This is due to a complex working disk rotation device, repeat which is independently quite problematic. It should also be borne in mind that the machine manufactured by a specialized company will cost too much, but it will be very difficult to make it and takes a lot of time.

We make grinders from computer hard drive + (video)

Anyone who served his hard disk can be converted into a miniature grinding machine. For this you need to perform the following steps:

fully disassemble the hard drive and remove everything from the body that is located on the left of the magnetic disks;
cut the work circle from sandpaper, make a spindle hole in the circle;
stick on the rotating drive of the Winchester several bilateral scotch strips and consolidate sandpaper on it;
make a protective screen that protects the eyes from the possible departure of the manufactured emery disk;
connect the finished design to the power supply from the computer and use.

Of course, such a design does not have a high power, but sharpening a small knife or scissors are quite possible.

Grinding machines from the manufacturer are expensive and therefore if they are used infrequently, they involuntarily think - buy it or not.

And if in addition, there are no free money in the presence, then you have to make something like your own hands. So it turned out with this homemade grinding machine.

For the sample, the simplest hand grinding machine was taken (read about how to choose an eccentric grinding machine). In such a grinding, the abrasive ribbon moves along the surface of the sole, a rough side outside (abrasive).

That is, in the future ribbon grinding machinei laid the same principles in advance by changing the size of the size - the machine I need a big one, so that it can be handled with a grinding part of at least 1.9-2 meters, and stationary must be installed.

The entire design of the grinding machine is based on an electric motor with a capacity of 2.8 kilowatt and the number of revolutions at 1500, he already had it, so I had nothing to buy.

The gearbox did not have to install, because with an electric motor of such power to achieve normal ribbon speed (which will be enough for grinding) 20 meters per second, the diameter of the drum should be only about 20 centimeters.

In the design of 2 drums: one, rigidly fixed on the shaft - presenter. The second is stretched, it rotates around the axis on the bearings.

To pull or weaken the grinding tape, it is enough to adjust this axis into any of the 2 sides.

The table of the machine is made of thick boards, if possible, in the future I will remake it, and make it from metal sheets.

The length of the working part of the machine, as well as the ribbon itself for grinding, depends, first of all, on the length of the working surface of the table. The second shaft is equipped with a sposue as shown in photo №3, this is necessary in order to provide as smooth touch of the ribbon to the edge of the table.

Both drums can be made from an ordinary wood chipboard. To do this, set the square tiles 20 to 20 centimeters and collect a 24 cm blank from them and then on the current. Increase them to a diameter of 20 centimeters. When making a drum, consider the fact that the tape will hold on it better if it is a couple of millimeters in diameter more than its center.

About grinding ribbon. By samples and errors in practice, I found that the best width of the grinding tape is 20 centimeters - with such a width, you can perform all the task before the machine and besides, cut 5 such ribbons from the meter roll roll, without any residue.

In addition to grinding wooden parts, for which he actually was intended, on such a homemade machine, it is very convenient and quick to sharpen any tools with cutting surfaces - knives, rocks, axes, knives, secateurs, etc. The quality of sharpening is excellent.

In principle, if the construction of the table is not made of wood, but from the metal, then you can sharpen more complex, special tools, with a sharpening of which is not cope with any universal device.

Once again, it is emphasized - in this machine a lot depends on the length of the table. It is she who gives you a space for opportunities, because the part is less than the length of the work surface of the machine, then it is much more convenient to process and the processing will turn out better. For example, with the length of the grinding ribbon in four and a half meters, you can easily process the wooden billets of dieline 200 cm.

Another plus of such a grinding machine made with its own hands is that with some skill you can also work with details having curved surfaces (as shown in photo 16) - To do this, it is enough to remove the wooden table and, putting the workpiece on the bed, grind the part reverse, underside working tape.

Ribbon grinding machine with their own hands: photo

Below the other entries on "How to make your own hands - householder!"

How to make a homemade grinding machine recently ...

The wood is a high-performance apparatus for processing material planes. Applying such aggregates, you can quickly and efficiently treat wood, having received perfectly smooth surfaces.

Classification

The grinding machine on a tree is used at the final stage of wood processing. In the course of work, special rough circles, ribbons, powder pastes are used.

Currently, based on the appointment, the following aggregates are distinguished:

Round-grinding automatic devices.
Devices intended for processing the internal surfaces of parts and blanks.
Flat grinding machines.
Specialized models that are used to implement narrow-controlled tasks.

Scope of application

Areas in which a grinding machine on wood can be used is extremely diverse. The newest achievements in the area of \u200b\u200bcarpentry of parts allow you to replace the overall turning units more convenient to operate mobile devices.

Such common decisions as a drum and ribbon-grinding machine on wood can be successfully used for:

Rough ridding of surfaces of blanks.
Accurate treatment of wood planes.
Obtaining refined surfaces.
Stripping of bars and panel parts, their side and end edges.
Intermediate grinding of paint coatings.

Thanks to a wide range of exploitation, a grinding machine on a tree is one of the most sought-after aggregates in professional carpenters. Manufacturers are constantly improving popular models and offer consumers a whole mass of additional tools for performing complex, specific tasks.

How to assemble a grinding machine on wood with your own hands

We propose to consider the features of self-assembly of the drum tool for processing the outer surface of the wood. This requires several functional structural elements. Some of them can be found in the household.

Engine

To assemble a grinding machine on a tree, the easiest way to remove the engine from the old washing machine. The benefit of the Soviet production model is dusting without affairs in many Chulans. From here you can take straps, pulleys and electrics.

However, for the assembly of the grinding unit, any engine with a capacity of 200 to 300 W is suitable. It is desirable that its design is distinguished by compact dimensions.

If necessary, the maximum efficiency of the efficiency will have to find an asynchronous motor capable of issuing 1500-3000 revolutions.

Drum

This design element can be made using all sorts of residues of building materials. Sometimes to assemble the drum grinding machine on a tree, it is enough to take a pipe that is placed with old linoleum glued together with rubber rings or cylindrical bars fixed on a metal axis. Let's consider the first of these options.

For the manufacture of the drum, it is enough to use the segment of the PVC pipe, a metal rod, a solid board, screws, glue and linoleum. Cuts cut out from the tree corresponding to the cross section of the existing tube, in which the holes for the rod are drilled. Such locking elements are inserted into the pipe and are strengthened with screws.

The metal rod is passed through the plugs and sits on epoxy glue. The pipe from polyvinyl chloride is pasted with a layer of dense linoleum. Alternatively, you can use coarse rubber. Such a shell performs the basis for fixing emery paper. Fix the last on the finished drum can be using double-sided tape or stapler brackets.

Housing

For the manufacture of the housing, where the homemade grinding machine on the tree will be placed, the usual plywood is suitable. You can make the design of a rather unpretentious structure. It is enough to install the side panels, a desk and additional strengthening spacers. If desired, you can make a metal shell.

Installation

The engine is securely fixed on the static established base. The torque axis is loaded through the pre-prepared hole in the wall of the case. The grinding drum is installed in the upper part and relies on the bearings in the cliffs, which are fixed on the side walls of the structure.

At the axis of the drum and the engine attached pulleys. The drive belt is stretched. Connect the wiring and switches. On the sides of the case, clamping bolts are screwed, and in its lower part - adjustment.

To make the design completed and attractive, you can handle the surface of the paint. Naturally, it is necessary to be accepted for such work before assembling and installation of an aggregate. To enhance safety during the operation of the device, the design can be supplemented with a protective casing placed above the drum.

Finally

Thus, we tried to consider the basic classes of grinding machines, their scope of their use, and also led an example of self-assembly of a drum type unit. Ultimately, the decision to buy a factory device or its assembly of the existing materials depends on the size of the budget, the goals, the available tools and the needs of each individual user.

Anyone who was engaged in the repair, reconstruction, manufacturing of parts and devices, faced finishing work. It is very difficult to perform them manually and a long time, the process can stretch for several hours, or even days. With the task perfectly handle the grinding machine. There are devices for various purposes - from riding to polishing. If there is no opportunity to buy a tool, it is made by hand.

Grinding machines - types and features of aggregates

Known 3 types of grinders, which are characterized by specialization and functionality:

large layers from extensive areas are removed with ribbons;
flatSheliforms are used at finishing;
eccentrics work on the verge of polishing.

Many masters professionally engaged in grinding have the entire set of these tools in their arsenal. The vehicles in the overwhelming majority work from 220 V. They are heavy, overheat. The pneumatic machine is easier than electric, but a source of compressed air is required. Such aggregates issue a few firms from the most famous - BOSHH.

Ribbon devices - "Tanks" among similar devices

Such a grinding unit with its working body in the form of an infinite ring resembles a tracked car, and it looks like. It is relatively powerful, its design is simple, but reliable. From the engine, the skin tape is driven through a gearbox and clinorem.

Works with all sorts of materials: wood, metal, polymers, minerals. Removes several millimeters from the plane, performs roundings, edges. Quality is not the best - an orbital (eccentric) or a flat octic (vibration) machine is required for finishing finish.

Performance directly depends on the power of the motor. LSHM has engines 0.5-1.2 kW. Another important indicator in the technical characteristics of these aggregates is speed. The fast apparatus will make more, but it will not be able to press it due to the high torque. In addition, in this case there is not enough power. For responsible manufacturers, the indicators are maximally balanced, often the possibilities adjusts the electronics.

Quick devices are usually low. If they still give force, it will be difficult to manage, the cost will increase significantly, with inept use it is easy to spoil the item. High-speed lightweight machines are easy to process large areas in a short time. If the upcoming load on the grinders is unknown, professionals are recommended for home to choose at a lesser rate, which can be pressed (the usual range of devices 150-550 m / min.). Even more convenient, a ribbon version with a pre-installation of the speed mode, for example, Dewalt DW433.

PlaneCyl eye units - the importance of the platform in the design

The devices occupy an intermediate place between tape and orbital tools for purity of processing. They are popular due to the available cost, the availability of additional equipment, the possibility of separating fairly significant areas, including corners. Motor is usually 150-300 W, but power is enough.

The main thing in such an ESM is a plate moving in the proginary direction with a high frequency. The most important features:

1. The amplitude of the stroke of the sole, which is preferably 1-3 mm. There are models where it reaches 5-6 mm. An increase in the indicator leads to a faster processing, but less than high quality.
2. Platform travel frequency. The layer is thicker removed at high indicators, but when they are smaller, grinding more accurate. Some devices, such as BOSSH GSS AEL-BOXX, the speed of 20 thousand moves per minute.
3. Plate material and sizes. According to the latter, there are standard and mini (100 mm2). Budget models have a steel or plastic platform. It is better from a porous polymer with a small vibration.

Major attached emery. It is more convenient to velcro, but they are more expensive. The spring-loaded clamps are more complex, but you can use paper chopped personally.

Eccentric (orbital) Machines - high-quality processing warranty

Work both with a flat surface and with a profile, bulk, curvilinear, except angular. The design is similar to PSHM, but the stove is moving not only along the axis, but also orbital with a small amplitude, which is specified by the eccentric. Complex movement and high speed provide high-quality surface treatment. Motors are usually 200-900 W: the more powerful, the greater the sole is pulled.

Speed \u200b\u200b(amplitude and orbital) are also different. This is the same as the same rule as for the units of other types: above the speed mode - more area processing area per unit of time, but worse quality. Eccentric grinder is rich in electronics, which is involved for performing various functions: support frequency, brake, launching limit.

The simplest grinders based on low-power electric motors

Somewhere in the distant corners of the garage can be kept by a weak motor, about which forgotten as unnecessary. And it can be turned into a small grind. The device that is useful in some cases. Alteration simple, the main thing is a grinding wheel. It uses the factory, adapting to the device, or is made independently from a suitable material.

Winchester from a computer in an unusual role

The old suspended PC, which is covered by dust as unnecessary, no one is not surprised. But in it there is a knot, which will still serve in the farm - this is a hard disk. It is equipped with an electric drive, which is used for the manufacture of the simplest ESM.

Grinding machine from hard drive - installation sequence

Actions simple:

1. Disassemble the device, remove the lid and remove everything that is located on the left side of the disks.
2. On the abrasive paper draws a circle of 9 cm, cut off. Where there was a feet of a circulation, make a hole in the size of the spindle. They stick to the pancake of the hard disk double-sided adhesion, fasten the sandpaper.
3. To protect the eye of the operator, an aluminum can be installed. Connect to the computer power supply.

The design will not surprise with its power, but to sharpen the knife, the small drill can be.

Polishing device from automotive electric motor

In the garage there can be motors from the fan. It can be used to make cosmetic repairs in the car and for other business purposes. A small neat grinding machine will get rid of the need to buy an expensive orbital unit to silent a small scratch or with his own hands, then paint.

Power supply in the garage there is a car battery. A multicore copper wiring is needed to deliver to any point of the machine. The engine is powered by sketching the "crocodiles" clamps on the battery terminals or through the cigarette lighter socket. A toggle switch to the motor is tangled to control the device.

Automotive electric motor will come in handy for a small ESM

The working body is a circle. It is better to use the finished with a velcro, which is sold for the grinder. Only the mount need to do another. There are many options, but in any case, the sleeve is necessary. Its inner diameter must correspond to the size of the electric motor shaft, and the conjugation of being the same - the key or thread.

When the device is planned not only in the garage, make a portable option. A household battery is used as a power source. Its and the motor, and the switch is fixed on a piece of plywood, the wires are fixed with staple brackets. Such an apparatus can be pulled out a tree and a metal surface, perform bodywork.

Alteration of household power tools

Almost every owner there will be Bulgarian. It can be made of gross finish - clean the metal from rust, walls before plastering. For subtle work, for example, body, not suitable - too large revs. One careless movement - and in the hole of the hole. If you equip the voltage regulator, which stands on professional models, a delicate grinding will be possible.

Anyone who is a bit disassembled in radio engineering will gather the device with his own hands. We will need running parts that are easy to buy or drop out of old products. I can read the explanations of the electric hammers.

Scheme of homemade revolt controller for Bulgarian

The order of work is as follows:

soldered using a printed circuit board or mounted installation;
thyristors are installed on radiators;
testing a light bulb by 40-60 W (it should smoothly change the brightness when rotating the trimmed resistor);
after successful test, the device is mounted under the tool casing.

The proposed scheme is simple, it is connected to the network nutrition of the ESM.

Bulgarian ribbon grinder - device ideas

A small ushm is used as a drive, which is a little cost, and there are almost everyone. Making works are simple: it is necessary to make a frame for fastening the tool. They are different, so the bed in each particular case will be different. Other important nodes: the leading shaft and wheels for sandpaper - everything is made of thrusters, turning works are not needed. A little profile pipes, sheet metal, welding machine and Bulgarian are required.

Schematic diagram and work

The emery tape in the device moves on the rollers, which is transmitted rotation from the electric motor. In the role of the drive in this case, the Bulgarian performs, but a drill or any suitable motor can be used with the same success. They join the bed with reliable fasteners.

The principle of the device of the tape console

So that the belt does not resist, use the stretching mechanism with a spring, which is stretched to one of the rollers. From the manual unit stationary is distinguished by a table for fixing the processed parts. Security provides a transparent screen from acrylic.

Industrial model

On sale there are ribbon consoles of factory manufacturers to grinders. They make the impression of solid powerful designs, but users complain about poor mounting, excessively long tape, for the drive of which a powerful engine is required. So according to purely practical considerations, and not only because of the high cost, many prefer to make a prefix themselves.

Ideas of homemade machines

There are many original options for processing household power tools in order to expand functionality. How to make a ribbon grinding machine from the grinder, shown in the drawing below.

The implementation of the second idea is more difficult. It is required first to make a bracket under the drive - the shape and dimensions can be different. Measure the tool, think about how to fix it. For the manufacture, steel plates are used, which strifting the letter "P". Details weld. The main task of this node is to securely hold the Bulgarian.

The bracket is attached to the frame on the hinges

The following photo presents a general type of product. It is important to pay attention to 2 details that serve to adjust the tool. This is a spring between the base and the bracket, which is tensioning the working tape. There are also bolts in the attachment. They are needed to change the angle of inclination of the grinder. This is necessary in order to achieve a position when the abrasive belt will be in the center of the drive wheel and does not flit from it.

Further do slave rollers - there are two of them. Take closed bearings that put on the bolt of suitable diameter and length, fix the nut. Top covered with a segment of a plastic pipe. As a master, a footboard is used for a bike, which is installed to perform various tricks.

Lead roller

The following photo demonstrates a common type of product. In front - a table from a piece of leaf iron, welded to the base. The processing of parts is made with fixation on it.

stretch, but remain whole.

The size of the factory emery tape is more and more, but for a homemade device should not be taken longer than 1230 mm. Otherwise, the dimensions of the product are significantly increasing, and these are extra problems.

Independent manufacture of grinding machine is quite possible. The implementation of options does not represent a special difficulty, the main thing is to choose the appropriate drive.

Principle of operation

Another variation of the machine - the side view of the working surface of the ribbon

How to make a tape-grinding machine

Another feature of the face

Drawings and detailed analysis of some parts made of wood.

Tape-grinding machine made of wood (click to enlarge)

Tilt adjustment mechanism plate plate tension tensioner

When making construction and repair work, men often have the need to treat wood, stone or metal. For high-quality work, it is desirable to purchase a ribbon grinding machine. But how to be when finances do not allow such a purchase? To do this, it is enough to build a ribbon grinding machine with your own hands.

Purpose of the belt grinding machine

Wood is widely used in various manufacturing organizations. Many all kinds of parts and products are made of wood. In order for the wooden billet to handle properly and give it the appearance of the finished product, it is customary to use various equipment, including tape grinding machines.

Ribbon grinding equipment, as a rule, is used at the final stages of production when the parts are subjected to finishing machining. Such devices are conveniently used in the manufacture of furniture and different products from the consumer tree. Depending on the material used, the belt grinding machines work with a tree or metal.

The main objectives of the use of grinding machines on a tree are the final leveling of the surface, bringing their roughness level to the required value, obtaining smooth and smooth surfaces in products from wood and wood material to a lining or after the coating of varnishes and other finishing materials, removal of local irregularities in the form of recesses and elevations, ripping of burstles and removal of local pollutes of varnish and primer, removal of graphs, internal grinding and grinding of roundings.

Ribbon grinding machines for metal operate with various materials and formats, which are stiff in metalworking: simple and alloyed steel, non-ferrous metals in the form of quadrangular, round and flat blanks. Grinding machines allow rational and minimal time to grind busions and pipes of large diameter.

Depending on the type of processing and type of feed, ribbon grinding machines are intended:

for grinding a curvilinear surface with a free grinding ribbon;
for the processing of a flat surface with a fixed table, manually moving the iron and table, as well as mechanized movement of the desktop and manual movement of the iron;
for processing shield and bars parts, their ends and side edges;
for an intermediate grinding procedure of paints and varnish coatings.

Construction of a ribbon grinding machine

Ribbon grinding machines are available in modern foreign and domestic producers in a wide range. Prices of grinding machines vary significantly. They also differ in possible productivity and their design. However, they have something in common. They are combined by the fact that absolutely all machines have abrasive tape as a working body, which is most often connected to the ring and placed between rotating drums.

One drum is a leading, and the other - slave. This means that the first one is equipped with a mechanical transmission, which is based mostly on belt transmission, with which the rotational moment from the electric motor is transmitted to it. Any ribbon grinding machine is designed so that the speed of movement of the drum drum, and therefore the speed of moving the abrasive ribbon can be changed, providing different surface treatment modes.

Abrasive tape can be vertically or horizontally. In addition, there are modifications of equipment in which the working body is installed at a certain angle. The abrasive tape is mounted on the bed, on which the processed products are usually located. The blanks may be held by the operator manually, or with the help of special devices that facilitate the work of consumers and make the processing procedure more efficient and safe.

The machine table is made of metal sheets or thick boards. If the design provides for the manufacture of a table from metal, then it turns out to sharpen more complex products. The length of the working part of the ribbon-grinding machine and the ribbon itself for grinding primarily depends on the length of the products that will be ground on the machine.

If the item has a smaller length than the working surface of the machine, it will be much more convenient to process it, and the processing will be better. For example, at the length of the grinding tape 4.5 meters, you can handle the ease of wooden blanks, which have a length of 200 centimeters.

Ribbon grinding machines are divided into equipment with a fixed and movable desktop and free ribbon devices. A special group is a bag of grinding machines that have a table that is made in the shape of a caterpillar simultaneously and the feed authority. In the tables with tables, the tape is located horizontally, in designs with a free ribbon it is set in different ways.

Since a lot of dust is inevitably formed in the grinding process, all band grinding machines are usually equipped with special powerful hoods that remove it most during the technological process. Grinding machines operate from an electric motor, which has a power of about 2.8 kilowatta. With a high power motor, the normal speed of the tape reaches 20 meters per second.

Abrasive ribbons for grinding machines

The cutting tool of band-grinding machines is a grinding tape, which consists of a tissue or paper base and abrasive grains, which are attached to it with adhesive substances. Abrasive tapes are manufactured by two methods: mechanical and electric. The first method consists in a uniform embankment of abrasive grains on the base, which is covered with glue, and the second method occurs in an electric field, which orients grains up the most sharp edges to improve the cutting properties of the grinding machine.

Abrasive grains based on a bundle tightly or rarely. The most effective is the abrasive tape with a rare backfill, when the grains occupy less than 70% of the area, because it is not possible to climb wood dust in the grinding process. Can be used as an abrasive material. Natural minerals or artificial materials that have high hardness, such as green and black silicon carbide, white and normal monocorundant, as well as normal electrocorpp.

In order to glue grains, synthetic resins and meter glue are used. As the basis, use such fabric as a hazard and sarza, or a special grade paper. The magnitude of the abrasive grains is denoted by the number that corresponds to the size of the sieve cells, in which these grains are delayed, and is displayed in the hundredths of the millimeter.

If you are interested in how to make a ribbon grinding machine, then you should pay attention to the following dimensions of grinding powders and abrasive grains and their classification: grinding grain - from 2000 to 160 μm, grinding powders - from 125 to 40 microns; Microposters - from 60 to 14 microns, very thin micropowers - from 10 to 3 microns.

On woodworking enterprises, a grinding skin comes in sheets or rolls. On the non-working surface of the skins there is a marking with the specified characteristics of the skins and the manufacturer. For a ribbon grinding machine, skins are used in rolls and cut on tapes of a certain length and width. The length of the cutting tool is determined, depending on the method of its connection - a mustache or angle at an angle.

The ends are cut when gluing an approach at an angle of 45 degrees and is glued after that on a linen lining with a width of 80 to 200 millimeters. At one end of the ribbon, when gluing the pectorist, abrasive grains are removed by hot water over 80 to 100 millimeters, then the other end of the tape is applied to the blurred glove. Compress the connected ends and dried them when using a special device or adhesive press.

Sheet skins are used for combined ribbon grinding machines. For grinding disks, it is customized to cut the skin in the form of a circle on the pattern, the diameter of which is more than 60-80 millimeters of the disk diameter. Using a rectangular pattern, billets are cut for reels. After cutting, they have smooth edges without disconse. The presence of non-flimsy ends or seals When gluing the tapes can provoke a premature tape break.

The skin is cut out for broad grinding machines on the pattern sheets, which is made of plywood or aluminum sheet. The skin is cut into such a way that the edges turn out to be smooth, and the difference in the length of the side edges was at least 1 millimeter. One of the beveled edges is cleaned by removing abrasive on a width of 20 millimeters. The stripped edge and longitudinal edges are covered with a strip of tracing, which has a width of 40 millimeters, which protrudes over the edge of the skins by about 10 millimeters.

Lubricate the beveled edge with a cushion with glue and withstand in air, depending on the viscosity and type of glue. Then the beveled edges are connected and put the skins strip into the place of the joint, the connection site is compressed and kept in the press. Ready endless ribbons are made to hang on special brackets and withstand no less than a day in a dry room before installing on a grinding machine.

Principle of operation of a tape-grinding machine

The ribbon grinding machine consists of a tabletop with a desktop for fastening the cutting tool. This table is fixed in different positions on the table top. The material for the countertop usually serve a laminated chipboard with a thickness of 25 millimeters. The desktop on the rollers is moved manually or in the transverse direction by means of a mechanical drive by round guides that are attached to the calipers.

Over the table there is a working tape, reliable on an unkind and drive pulleys. Grinding tape is stretched and adjustable with a screw device with a pneumatic cylinder. Two-year-old grinding machines have two identical grinding tools that are placed sequentially on the bed and have grinding ribbons that move towards each other.

Grinding is performed with the transverse movement of the desktop and the longitudinal movement of the short iron, which presses the tape to the material being processed. Grinding tapes in motion are driven from an electric motor through belt transmission. Waste, which are formed during grinding, is captured by a dustmaker, which joins the exhauster network.

Assigning grinding mode is recommended for certain roughness and material properties, which is processed, choose the grain of the skin, the feed rate and the force of climbing the tape to the product. The skin grain is taken, depending on the hardness of the material being processed and the required surface roughness. The clamping force and feed rate are interdependent values. With a slight effort and high skin feed speed, some surface seats are capable of not passing, damaged and blackening material are possible with a large pressure and low supply.

Before installing the tape, check the quality of its gluing. You should not apply incorrectly glued and needed grinding ribbons with an uneven edge. With the help of the handwheel, you can reduce the distance between the pulleys and wear the ribbon. The bonding place is placed in such a way that the end of the seam outside the abrasive is headed against the working movement of the grinding tape.

The tension of the tape is obtained by moving the tension roller for a ribbon-grinding machine or an unkind pulley. It is not desirable too tensioning the ribbon, because it leads to her rupture. But the grinding tape with a weak tension slips on pulleams and heated very quickly. The pulp strength is determined, depending on the strength of the base tool and determine the arrows of its deflection with a small naja on it.

How properly the ribbon runs, you can check when the pulley is turned manually or the short-term power on the electric motor. The axis of the pulley when scaling the tape rotate the handle on a small angle and fix the locking device. After setting up the band-grinding machine, the dust suction system is turned on, test processing of parts and their quality is checked.

Ribbon-grinding machine with manual feed can serve one worker. By moving the product relative to the cutting tool in the longitudinal direction, and turning the part around the axis, the operator in contact with the ribbon sequences all areas that form the treated surface. When slowing the speed or careless motion, the formation of strokes is possible.

Separate parts details are made to grind over several passes. It is possible to achieve high-quality alignment with proper pressure control, which turns out to be on the handle of the iron, and the movement speed of the table and iron. Pressure when approaching the edges must be reduced to prevent them with stabbing. To increase the quality and performance of grinding, small bars are placed on a table in a series of several pieces at the same time.

Ribbon grinding machines with mechanical feeding of products serve two operators. One of them puts the detail on the conveyor, orients it in the width of the desktop and directs the product under the clamping elements of the machine. Details when capturing the conveyor cannot be moved in the side direction.

The billets that have an unequal thickness and parts with rude surface defects are not allowed. The feed rate and pressure of the presser beam, as a rule, do not regulate during the processing. The second operator is engaged in the reception of finished parts and watches so that there is no unacceptable rounding of edges and pasting.

Production of a ribbon grinding machine

The price of ribbon-grinding machines from the industrial manufacturer is quite high, so when they are inappropriately using the masters, they involuntarily think about - buying equipment or not. Alternative to buying an expensive machine - the assembly of him with his own hands. The main parts of the machine is the bed, rollers and the engine.

The engine can be removed from the old washing machine. Stanna cut out of thick iron with a size of 500 to 180 to 20 millimeters. One side smoothly cut on the milling machine for metal, it is required to attach the platform with the engine. The dimensional dimensions are 180 to 160 by 10 millimeters. Make marking and drill three holes in the end of a smoothly cropped bed. It is necessary to attract the platform to the bed with three bolts.

Remember that the larger length has a desktop, the more opportunities you get when choosing technological reception for grinding and processing the product. If the length of the workpiece is less or equal to the length of the desktop, then you can achieve perfect grinding much easier than when moving a major billet.

The engine must be placed tight on the bed. It must have a power of about 2.5-3.0 kW and the number of revolutions per minute of about 1500. If you select the speed of movement of the grinding ribbon of approximately 20 m / s, then the diameter of the drums should be about 200 millimeters. Thus, with sufficient engine speed, the gearbox for grinding machine is not required.

One of the two drums will play the role of the lead, which should be hard to fasten the engine on the shaft, and the other tension must freely rotate around the stationary axis on the bearings. The table from the slave drum should have a certain SCOS, which will provide a smooth touch of the surface tape of the desktop surface, especially this is relevant for the skled joint.

Make a tension drum and a drum that leads a grinding tape, you can from chipboard. To do this, it is necessary to drink blanks from the slab with overall dimensions of 200 per 200 millimeters and from them to assemble a package of 240 millimeters. Square tiles or their package should be folded on the axis and diligence up to a diameter of about 200 millimeters.

Remember that in the center the diameter of the drum should be 2-3 millimeters more than around the edges. With such a geometry of the surface, the flexible grinding ribbon will be located in the middle of the drum. The optimal width of the tape is the figure of 200 millimeters. From the roll of the emery canvas, which has a width of 1 meter, it will be easy to glue 5 such tapes.

Glue cutting tool need to join, while putting thin dense material, for example, tarpaulin. Glue is recommended to use the highest quality that you can get. Tensioning the rubber on the rollers at mandatory, the width of which reaches 30 millimeters. Rubber can be taken from the chambers of the moped or bike.

On a homemade belt grinding machine, except for grinding wooden products for which it actually is intended, it is very convenient to sharpen the tools with cutting surfaces - the chisels, knives, axes, secateurs. Another plus of this grinding machine is the ability to work with the details that have a curvilinear surface - for this you need to grind the product being processed by the back side of the working tape.