Industrial premises, workshops, warehouses, due to their spacious dimensions and taking into account the climatic conditions of Russia, often need to solve such an urgent issue as optimal heating. The word “optimal” means a price / reliability / comfort ratio suitable for a particular industrial building.
This is what we will talk about in our article.
In general, creating a heating scheme for industrial premises is a rather difficult task. This is due to the fact that each separate production facility is built for specific technological processes, and has a very large size and height.
Plus, the equipment used in production sometimes makes it difficult to lay pipes for ventilation or heating. But, despite this, the heating of industrial buildings is an important function, which is impossible to do without.
And that's why:
- a well-thought-out heating system provides comfortable working conditions for employees and directly affects their performance;
- it protects the equipment from hypothermia, which can cause damage, which in turn will lead to financial costs for repairs;
- the warehouses must also have an appropriate microclimate so that the manufactured goods retain their original appearance.
Note!
By choosing a simple, but at the same time reliable heating system, you will reduce the cost of its repair and maintenance.
Plus, much fewer employees are required to control it.
The choice of a heating system for industrial premises
For heating industrial buildings, central heating systems (water or air) are most often used, but in some cases it is more rational to use local heaters.
But in any case, when choosing a production heating system, you need to rely on the following criteria:
- Room area and height;
- The amount of heat energy required to maintain the optimum temperature;
- Ease of heating equipment in maintenance, as well as its suitability for repair.
Now let's try to figure out the positive and negative sides that the above types of heating industrial premises have.
Central water heating
The source of the heat resource is the central heating system, or the local boiler house. Water heating consists of a boiler, (radiators or convectors) and a pipeline. The liquid heated in the boiler is transferred to the pipes, while giving off heat to the heating devices.
Water heating of industrial buildings can be:
- One-pipe - regulation of the water temperature is not possible here.
- Two-pipe - here temperature regulation is possible and carried out thanks to thermostats and radiators installed in parallel.
As for the central element of the water system (that is, the boiler), it can be:
- gas;
- liquid fuel;
- solid fuel;
- electric;
- combined.
You need to choose based on the possibilities. For example, if it is possible to connect to a gas main, a gas boiler would be a good option. But keep in mind that the price of this type of fuel is increasing every year. Plus, there may be interruptions in the central gas supply system, which will not benefit the production enterprise in any way.
Requires a separate safe room and fuel storage tank. In addition, you will have to regularly replenish fuel reserves, which means taking care of transportation, unloading - additional costs of money, labor and time.
Solid fuel boilers are unlikely to be suitable for heating industrial premises, unless they are small in size. The operation and maintenance of a solid fuel unit is a rather laborious process (loading fuel, regularly cleaning the furnace and chimney from ash).
True, at present there are automated solid-fuel models into which you do not need to load fuel with your own hands; for this, a special automatic intake system has been developed. Also, automated models allow you to set the desired temperature.
However, you will still have to take care of the firebox. Pellets, sawdust, wood chips are used here as fuel, and with manual laying, also burning. Although this type of boilers involves labor-intensive operation, it is the most inexpensive.
Electric boilers are also not the best option for large industrial enterprises, since the consumed electricity costs a decent "pretty penny". But heating an industrial room of 70 square meters in this way is quite acceptable. However, do not forget that in our country, periodic power outages for several hours have long been a common occurrence.
As for combined boilers, they can be called truly universal units. If you have chosen a water heating system and want to get efficient and uninterrupted heating of production as a result, then take a closer look at this option.
Although a combined boiler is several times more expensive than previous units, it gives a unique opportunity - practically not to depend on external problems (interruptions in the centralized heating system, gas supply and electricity supply). These units are equipped with two or more burners for different types of fuel.
The built-in types of burners are the main parameter for dividing combi boilers into subgroups:
- Gas-wood heating boiler- there is no need to be afraid of gas supply interruptions and fuel price hikes;
- Gas-diesel- will provide high heating power and comfort in a large room;
- Gas-diesel-firewood- has advanced functionality, but you have to pay for it with lower efficiency and low power;
- Gas-diesel-electricity- a very effective option;
- Gas-diesel-firewood-electricity- improved unit. It can be said that it provides complete independence from possible external problems.
Everything is clear with boilers, now let's see if water heating in production is suitable for the selection criteria that we indicated initially. It is immediately worth saying that the heat capacity of water, in comparison with the heat capacity of the same air, is several thousand times greater (at normal temperatures of air (70 ° C) and water (80 ° C) in the heating system).
In this case, the water consumption for the same room will be thousands of races less than the air consumption. And this means that less connecting communications will be required, which, of course, is a big plus, given the design of industrial premises.
Note!
The water heating system allows you to control the temperature: for example, you can set the standby heating of production (+ 10 ° C) during non-working hours, and set a more comfortable temperature during working hours.
Air heating
This type is the very first artificial space heating. So air heating systems have been confirming their effectiveness for quite a long time and, it should be noted, they are in constant demand.
All this thanks to the following positive aspects:
- Air heating assumes the absence of radiators and pipes, instead of which air ducts are installed.
- Air heating shows a higher level of efficiency compared to the same water heating system.
- The air in this case heats up evenly, throughout the volume and height of the room.
- An air heating system can be combined with a supply ventilation and air conditioning system, which allows you to receive clean air instead of heated air.
- It is impossible not to mention the regular change and purification of the air, which has a beneficial effect on the well-being and performance of employees.
In order to save financial resources, it is better to choose a combined industrial air heating, which consists of natural and mechanical air induction. What does it mean?
The word "natural" means the intake of already warm air from the environment (warm air is available everywhere, even when it is -20 ° C outside). Mechanical induction is when an air duct takes cold air from the environment, heats it up and delivers it into the room.
For heating a large area, air heating systems for industrial premises are perhaps the most rational option. And in some cases, for example, in chemical plants, air heating is the only permitted type of heating.
Infrared heating
How to heat a production facility without resorting to traditional methods? With the help of modern infrared heaters. They work according to the following principle: emitters generate radiant energy over the heated area and transfer heat to objects, from which the air in turn heats up.
Information! The functionality of infrared heaters can be compared to the Sun, which also heats the earth's surface with the help of infrared waves, and as a result of heat exchange from the surface, the air heats up.
This principle of operation excludes the accumulation of heated air under the ceiling and, as a result, large temperature drops, which is very attractive for heating industrial enterprises, since most of them have high ceilings.
IR heaters are divided into the following types according to the installation site:
- ceiling;
- floor;
- wall-mounted;
- portable floor.
By the type of emitted waves:
- shortwave;
- medium-wave or light (their operating temperature is 800 ° C, so they emit soft light during operation);
- long-wave or dark (they do not emit light even at their operating temperature of 300-400 ° C).
By type of consumed energy:
- electrical;
- gas;
- diesel.
Gas and diesel infrared systems are more profitable and their efficiency is 85-92%. However, they burn oxygen and change the humidity in the air.
By type of heating element:
- Halogen- the only drawback is that the vacuum tube may break if dropped or hit hard;
- Carbon- the main heating element is made of carbon fiber and is placed in a glass tube. The biggest plus compared to other IR devices is the lower power consumption (about 2.5 times). If dropped or hit hard, the quartz tube may break.
- Ten;
- Ceramic- the heating element is made of ceramic tiles assembled into one reflector.
The principle of operation consists in the flameless combustion of a gas-air mixture inside a ceramic tile, as a result of which it heats up and transfers heat to surrounding surfaces, objects, people.
IR heaters are most often used for heating:
- industrial premises;
- shopping and sports facilities;
- warehouses;
- workshops;
- factories;
- greenhouses, greenhouses;
- livestock farms;
- private and apartment buildings.
Pros of infrared heating:
- First of all, it should be noted that IR heaters are the only type of devices that allow zone or spot heating. Thus, different temperatures can be maintained in different parts of the production area. Zone heating can be used to heat workplaces, parts on a conveyor, engines in a car, young animals on livestock farms, etc.
- As mentioned above, infrared heaters heat surfaces, objects and people, but do not affect the air itself. It turns out that there is no circulation of air masses, which means there is no loss of heat and drafts and, as a result, fewer colds and allergic reactions.
- The low inertia of infrared heaters allows you to feel the effect of their action immediately after starting, without preheating the room.
- Infrared heating is very economical due to its high efficiency and low energy consumption (up to 45% less energy than traditional methods). Probably, there is no need to explain that this significantly reduces the financial costs of the enterprise and quickly pays back all the funds invested in infrared heating.
- IR heaters are durable, lightweight, take up little space, are easy to install (detailed installation instructions are included with each product) and require virtually no maintenance during operation.
- Infrared heaters are the only type of heating device that can provide efficient local heating (that is, without resorting to centralized heating systems).
Finally
Finally, I would like to suggest that you familiarize yourself with the photo-table, which indicates the specific heating characteristics of industrial buildings.
We examined the main types of heating in industrial premises. Which one will be the most optimal in your case is up to you. We hope this article was helpful to you. You will find more information on this topic in the specially selected video material.
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In the cold season, the autonomous heating of the industrial premises provides the employees of the enterprise with comfortable working conditions. The normalization of the temperature regime also has a beneficial effect on the safety of buildings, machines and equipment. Heating systems, with the unity of the task before them, have technological differences. Some use hot water boilers to heat industrial premises, while others use compact heaters. Consider the specifics of industrial heating and the effectiveness of the use of various systems.
Requirements for heating industrial premises
At low temperatures, heating of industrial premises, as required by labor protection, should be carried out in cases where the time spent by workers there exceeds 2 hours. The only exceptions are premises in which the constant presence of people is not necessary (for example, rarely visited warehouses). Also, they do not heat structures, being inside which is equivalent to carrying out work outside buildings. However, here, too, it is necessary to provide for the presence of special devices for heating workers.
Labor protection imposes a number of sanitary and hygienic requirements on heating industrial premises:
- heating the air inside the premises to a comfortable temperature;
- the ability to regulate the temperature due to the amount of heat released;
- inadmissibility of air pollution with harmful gases and unpleasant odors (especially for stove heating of industrial premises);
- the desirability of combining the heating process with ventilation;
- ensuring fire and explosion safety;
- reliability of the heating system during operation and ease of repair.
Heating calculation
To carry out a thermal calculation, before planning any industrial heating, you need to use the standard method.
Qt (kW / h) = V * ∆T * K / 860
The heat loss coefficient, which is included in the calculation of the heating system for industrial premises, changes taking into account the type of building and the level of its thermal insulation. The lower the thermal insulation, the higher the value of the coefficient.
Steam heating of industrial buildings
Heating the production room with steam allows you to maintain a high ambient temperature (up to 100 degrees). When organizing the heating process, it is not necessary to take into account the number of floors. The temperature can be brought to the required value in a short time. This applies to both heating and cooling. All equipment, including communications, does not take up much space.
The steam heating method is optimal if the production room needs to be heated up or the temperature reduced periodically. The method is more effective than the water method.
The following disadvantages are highlighted:
- there is a lot of noise during operation;
- it is difficult to regulate the steam consumption;
- the steam method is not recommended for use in rooms with aerosols, flammable gases, strong dust.
Water heating of industrial facilities
Water heating is appropriate if there is a private boiler room nearby or if the central water supply is functioning. The main component in this case will be an industrial heating boiler that can run on gas, electricity or solid fuel.
The water will be supplied at high pressure and temperature. Usually, with its help, it is impossible to qualitatively heat large workshops, therefore, the method is called "duty". But they reveal a number of advantages:
- air circulates calmly throughout the room;
- heat spreads evenly;
- a person can actively work in conditions with water heating, it is absolutely safe.
The heated air enters the room, where it mixes with the environment and the temperature is balanced. Sometimes it is necessary to reduce energy costs. To do this, filters are used to clean the air and reuse it for heating industrial buildings.
Air heating
Most enterprises during the existence of the Soviet Union used a convection heating system for industrial buildings. The difficulty in using this method lies in the fact that warm air, according to the laws of physics, rises up, while the part of the room located at the floor remains less heated.
Today, more rational heating is provided by the air heating system of industrial premises.
Operating principle
Hot air, which is preheated in the heat generator by means of air ducts, is transferred to the heated part of the building. Distribution heads are used to distribute heat energy throughout the space. In some cases, fans are installed, which can be replaced by portable equipment, including a heat gun.
Advantages
It should be noted that such heating can be combined with various supply ventilation and air conditioning systems. This is what makes it possible to heat huge complexes, which previously could not be achieved.
This method is widely used in heating warehouse complexes, as well as indoor sports facilities. In addition, in most cases, such a method is the only possible one, since it has the highest level of fire safety.
Flaws
Naturally, some negative properties were not without. For example, the installation of air heating will cost a pretty penny to the owners of the enterprise.
Not only are the fans necessary for normal operation costing a lot, but they also consume huge amounts of electricity, since their performance reaches about several thousand cubic meters per hour.
Infrared heating
Not every company is ready to spend a lot of money on an air heating system, so many people prefer to use a different method. Infrared industrial heating is gaining in popularity every day.
Principle of operation
The infrared burner operates on the principle of flameless combustion of air located on the porous part of the ceramic surface. The ceramic surface is distinguished by the fact that it is capable of emitting a whole spectrum of waves, which are concentrated in the infrared region.
A feature of these waves is their high degree of permeability, that is, they can freely pass through air currents in order to transfer their energy to a certain place. The infrared beam is directed to a predetermined area by means of various reflectors.
Therefore, heating industrial premises using such a burner allows for maximum comfort. In addition, this heating method makes it possible to heat both individual work areas and entire buildings.
Main advantages
At the moment, it is the use of infrared heaters that is considered the most modern and progressive method of heating industrial buildings due to the following positive characteristics:
- fast warming up of the room;
- low energy consumption;
- high efficiency;
- compactness of equipment and easy installation.
Having performed the correct calculation, you can install a powerful, economical and independent heating system of the enterprise, which does not require constant maintenance.
Scope of application
It should be noted that such equipment is used, among other things, for heating poultry houses, greenhouses, café terraces, auditoriums, trade and sports halls, as well as various bituminous coatings for technological purposes.
The full effect of the operation of an infrared burner can be felt in those rooms that are distinguished by large volumes of cold air. The compactness and mobility of such equipment makes it possible to maintain the temperature at a certain level, depending on the technological need and time of day.
Safety
Many people are concerned about the issue of safety, since the word "radiation" they associate with radiation and harmful effects on human health. In fact, the operation of infrared heaters is completely safe for both humans and indoor equipment.
SNiP standards for heating industrial premises
Before proceeding with the design of a particular system, think about which industrial heating boiler to choose, you need to study the following rules and follow them. It is imperative to take into account the heat loss, because not only the air in the room heats up, but also equipment and objects. The maximum temperature of the coolant (water, steam) is 90 degrees, and the pressure is 1 MPa.
Today, many commercial and industrial organizations are faced with the acute issue of savings. In winter, heating an industrial premises with a constant rise in electricity prices can become "a pretty penny", therefore, the demand for efficient heating methods is increasing - first of all, direct heating of air using the currently cheapest fuel - natural gas. Air heating systems for industrial and commercial premises offered by our company are among the most efficient, profitable and advanced on the Russian market. Let's consider the main characteristics of such systems.
Features of air heating systems
For industrial premises requiring heating and ventilation, systems are used in which air is supplied to the premises through air ducts. It is most advisable to use such systems, if necessary, not only to heat, but also to ventilate and / or condition the room - since in this system it is possible to combine all these functions. A similar system is mounted using large industrial units, usually located on the roof. This is how the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system is built in large shopping centers, office buildings, as well as production workshops. The system allows you to maintain the desired climatic parameters in the room - temperature, humidity, purify the air from microbes, dust and other harmful impurities, creating the most favorable environment for people in the room. If the task is only to heat the production premises with minimal costs, then the most optimal way is to install local gas air heaters. This is a compact and inexpensive equipment operating on the principle of a fan heater. Local air heaters are controlled by thermostats that regulate the temperature in the room and give a signal to turn on if it drops to a certain value. And in fact, and in another case, the heating system of an industrial or warehouse premises has several undoubted advantages:- use of a cheap energy source (gas)
- no additional coolant, as well as the associated bulky system (pipes, boilers, pumps)
- extremely low inertia - no time is required to transfer heat from the coolant to the battery, heated air immediately enters the room
- extremely high efficiency - up to 93%
- creating a more even distribution of heat due to constant air circulation in the room
Implementation of an air heating system in production
Design and installation of air heating systems is a task for professionals in this field, which requires taking into account a lot of nuances. This is the calculation of power and the selection of optimal equipment, taking into account heat losses in a particular room, aerodynamic calculation and many other parameters. Errors at the design stage can lead to unsatisfactory functioning of the system, the appearance of undesirable side effects - for example, excessive noise in the room, imbalance in the distribution of air flows, stagnant air, or vice versa - the appearance of drafts. Only after all the features of the production facility and the customer's wishes have been taken into account and agreed upon in the form of a finished project, the company's engineers proceed to the supply and installation of equipment and air duct systems.Operation of air heating systems
The air heating system of a production workshop or warehouse is necessarily equipped with automatic protection and regulation devices. Before handing over the system to the customer, the contractor performs commissioning works, checking all the parameters of the system and its safe operation. Regular maintenance of the system is an important part of its long, efficient and trouble-free operation. As a rule, the specialists of our company are engaged in regular maintenance of the installed systems. Remember - even such "small things" as an untimely replacement of the filter can lead to a serious deterioration in performance. Before each heating season, it is necessary to carry out a complex of preventive work, including checking the equipment and the air duct system.
| Fan heater prices | |
|---|---|
| TBEu-0.1 (Firebox, heat exchanger, bunker, smoke exhauster, blower fan, ShU) | RUB 321,300 |
| TBEu-0.1k (Firebox, heat exchanger, smoke exhauster, blower fan, ShU) | RUB 321,300 |
| TVEu-0.2t (Firebox, heat exchanger, bunker, smoke exhauster, blower fan, ShU) | RUB 552,700 |
| TVEu-0.2s (Firebox, heat exchanger, bunker, smoke exhauster, blower fan, ShU) | RUB 514,100 |
| TVEu-0.2k (Firebox, heat exchanger, smoke exhauster, blower fan, ShU) | RUB 552,700 |
| TBEu-0.4m (complete with a hopper, a circulation fan and a smoke exhauster) | RUB 1,240,200 |
| TVEu-0.4s (Firebox, heat exchanger, bunker, smoke exhauster, blower fan, ShU) | RUB 1,028,300 |
| TVEu-0.4 (Firebox, heat exchanger, bunker, smoke exhauster, blower fan, ShU) | RUB 1,028,300 |
| TBEu-1,2 (Complete with a bunker, blowing and circulation fans, smoke exhauster) | RUB 1,928,300 |
Heating industrial premises is a laborious task that requires competent design of the heating system and the calculation of optimal capacities.
As a rule, one of three types of heating is most often used in workshops and other industrial premises:
- Centralized. The traditional method is water as a heat carrier.
- Infrared. Infrared heating technology.
- Air. A modern method that is optimal for most industrial premises.
More and more entrepreneurs are choosing an air heating system for a warehouse or workshop, as it has a number of obvious advantages.
6 reasons to choose air heating
- The air heating system can perform the function of ventilation, which makes it economical.
- The air heating system has an efficiency of up to 93%.
- The absence of an intermediate heat carrier allows you to quickly and efficiently warm up the air in the heated room.
- Installation of radiators, air heaters, laying and installation of pipelines is not required.
- A fan heater when heating with air in industrial premises can only work during those periods when there is a need for heating (there is no need for round-the-clock and daily work).
- The cost of heat received from a solid fuel heater is several times lower than the cost of heat from a hot water boiler house.
Principle of operation and scope
The air is heated in a heat exchanger through a metal wall, without having direct contact with flue gases. The maximum temperature of the heated air can reach 200 C. The specificity of the process makes it possible to use fan heaters in different industries:
- drying of lumber, sawdust, wood chips, firewood;
- concrete steaming;
- drying sand and other building materials;
- drying of agricultural products (grain, rice, seeds, vegetables, fruits, etc.);
- warming up the soil during construction;
- workshops where there is a need to quickly and inexpensively obtain a large amount of hot air (emergency, repair, construction work).
The air heating system of industrial premises, warehouses and workshops is an economical and highly efficient equipment that will minimize the cost of finance and time for start-up and further maintenance. Contact our managers to get advice or leave a request.
Fierce competition between manufacturers of a particular type of product forces the owners of industrial facilities to reduce the cost of their products by maintaining an optimal level of costs for the production process and organization of product sales.
The problem of choosing the most economical option for heating production areas plays an important role in reducing costs.
Air heating of warehouse, industrial and utility premises is one of the most effective and cost-effective options for a heating system that allows you to maintain the required temperature throughout the entire operating cycle.
In this article, we will consider the features of the design, installation and operation of air heating of industrial premises of various profiles (warehouse, workshop, etc.).
When heating large areas, more powerful equipment must be used.
Air heating is a heat generator or a water heater that heats the air, and a system of branched air ducts designed to transport air flows to the heated areas of a workshop or warehouse.
Inside industrial premises, heated air is distributed due to the operation of a fan or distribution heads, directing the air flows in the required direction.
Industrial air heating can be presented in the form of a mobile option for heating local areas of the workshop - portable heat guns that successfully perform the task of operational heating of certain areas.
Air recirculation additionally solves the issues of compliance of air parameters in the serviced or working area of industrial premises with sanitary and hygienic requirements and standards.
Advantages and disadvantages
Air heating of industrial and warehouse premises has a number of competitive advantages over other heating systems:
- High efficiency (up to 93%), no intermediate links (pipes, radiators, etc.).
- Maintaining a constant level of microclimate inside industrial premises due to the possibility of integrating climate and heating systems.
- Low inertia, allowing for a short period of time to warm up the premises to the required level.
- Significant savings in financial resources and reduction in production costs.
The obvious advantages may overshadow some of the disadvantages:
- The need for regular maintenance, the complexity of modernization.
- The need to equip with a backup power supply.
For the installation of an air heating system for a workshop and other industrial premises, the following sequence of actions must be followed:
- Development of a design solution.
- Heating system installation.
- Carrying out commissioning and testing by air and triggering of automation systems.
- Acceptance for operation.
- Exploitation.
Below we will consider in more detail each of the stages.
Air heating system design
The correct location of heat sources around the perimeter will allow heating the premises in the same volume. Click to enlarge.
Air heating of a workshop or warehouse must be installed in strict accordance with the previously developed design solution.
You should not engage in all the necessary calculations and selection of equipment on your own, since errors in design and installation can lead to malfunction and the appearance of various defects: increased noise level, imbalance in the air supply through the premises, temperature imbalance.
The development of a design solution should be entrusted to a specialized organization, which, based on the technical specifications (or technical specifications) provided by the customer, will deal with the following technical tasks and issues:
- Determination of heat losses in each room.
- Determination and selection of an air heater of the required power, taking into account the magnitude of heat losses.
- Calculation of the amount of heated air taking into account the capacity of the air heater.
- Aerodynamic calculation of the system, made to determine the head loss and the diameter of the air channels.
After the completion of the design work, you should proceed with the purchase of equipment, taking into account its functionality, quality, range of operating parameters and cost.
Air heating system installation
Work on the installation of the air heating system of the workshop can be performed independently (by the efforts of specialists and employees of the enterprise) or resort to the services of a specialized organization.
When installing the system yourself, it is necessary to take into account some specific features.
Before starting the installation, it will not be superfluous to make sure that the necessary equipment and materials are complete.
The layout of the air heating system. Click to enlarge.
At specialized enterprises that produce ventilation equipment, you can order air ducts, tie-ins, butterfly valves and other standard products used in the installation of an air heating system in industrial premises.
Additionally, you will need the following materials: self-tapping screws, aluminum tape, mounting tape, flexible insulated air ducts with a noise suppression function.
When installing air heating, it is necessary to provide for insulation (thermal insulation) of the supply air ducts.
This measure is intended to eliminate the likelihood of condensation forming. When installing main air ducts, galvanized steel is used, on top of which self-adhesive foil insulation is glued, with a thickness of 3 mm to 5 mm.
The choice of rigid or flexible air ducts or their combination depends on the type of air heater defined by the design solution. The connection of the air ducts to each other is carried out using reinforced aluminum tape, metal or plastic clamps.
The general principle of air heating installation is reduced to the following sequence of actions:
- Carrying out general construction preparatory work.
- Installation of the main air duct.
- Installation of outgoing air ducts (distribution).
- Air heater installation.
- Thermal insulation device for supply air ducts.
- Installation of additional equipment (if necessary) and individual elements: recuperators, grilles, etc.
Commissioning tests, air heating commissioning
Air heating of an industrial warehouse or production workshop without fail includes automatic control and protection systems.
Carrying out commissioning tests of automation is an integral part of the comprehensive testing of the newly installed equipment and its acceptance into operation (in the case when a third-party specialized organization was involved in the installation).
It is best to entrust the work of conducting commissioning tests by air and triggering the automation to a specialized organization (if there are no specialists of this profile on the staff of your company).
The reliability and efficiency of the entire air heating system of industrial premises will depend on the quality of the commissioning tests.
Air heating system operation
Air heating of a warehouse or a production workshop is a modern heat supply system, the efficiency and operability of which depends on the implementation of a set of measures for its timely maintenance in preparation for the heating season.
During operation, it is necessary to adhere to the recommendations of the manufacturers of the mounted equipment and the requirements of regulatory legal acts.
ultra-term.ru
Air heating systems for industrial premises: pros and cons
Traditional hot water heating is widely used for residential and office buildings. But when it comes to heat supply for large-scale buildings (production halls, warehouses, hangars, agro-industrial facilities, etc.), more economical and efficient solutions are required, such as air heating systems.
When traditions don't warm up
Air heating circuit, fig. one
First of all, it is worth understanding why water heating systems so common for small residential and office premises are not suitable for workshops, warehouses or hangars.
Air heating system diagram, fig. 2
The fact is that rooms in apartments and private houses, as well as offices, most often have a ceiling height of no higher than 3-4 m. Warm air flows from heating devices located under windows or along walls rise up. Because of this, the difference in air temperature between the floor and the ceiling increases by 2 ° C with each meter. Thus, in living rooms, this difference can reach 6-8 ° C, which is quite acceptable, since a comfortable temperature (+ 18-22 ° C) should be maintained only up to the height of human growth.
Air heating system, diagram, fig. 3
But the higher the ceiling, the more the heating unevenness grows. In a room heated by convection, warm air mainly accumulates under the ceiling, which naturally increases heat loss through the ceilings or roof. At the same time, at the height of human growth, the temperature remains much lower than the comfortable one.
Air heating circuit, fig. 4
Due to the huge temperature difference between the floor and the ceiling, when using water heating systems in rooms with high ceilings, you have to resort to additional measures to evenly heat the entire volume of air. It can be electric or water “warm floors” or ceiling fans, which additionally increases the already considerable costs of heating the building. All this makes hot water heating an extremely unprofitable and ineffective solution for heating buildings with high ceilings. So it is being phased out in favor of more economical air systems.
Scheme, Fig. 5
Air heating system: pros and cons
Advantages
You can set the thermostat to a low maintenance (so that the water does not freeze) temperature, leaving the unit for a while. Upon returning, the regulator switches back, the building warms up.
You can, if necessary, set a flexible temperature regime: at night - one, during the day - another.
Air heating can work alongside an air humidifier in dry climates, while avoiding the problems associated with the build-up of "static electricity".
In regions with a humid climate, air heating systems dry the air in rooms, which prevents moisture condensation and the spread of mold and mildew.
Air heating systems with an air intake inside the building are equipped with cleaning filters or ionizers, this allows you to remove pollutants and allergens from the air.
During the warm season, air ducts of forced draft air heating systems supply cold air to the premises.
Fans of air heating systems, in the presence of forced draft, are used in conjunction with solid fuel stoves, heating the house in the event of unforeseen failures or planned interruptions in the operation of centralized heating. Such an alternative system, located near the air intake fan, is able to assist the main heating system in particularly severe cold weather.
Flaws
Air heating systems with the same forced draft "successfully" suck dust from the street inside the room. All dust is not captured by the air filters. The problem can be alleviated by using systems with an air intake located inside the building.
Air filters require frequent replacement; if this is not done, the system loses its effectiveness.
If the fan breaks down, heat will not be supplied.
In the event of any malfunction with the ingress of CO into the air duct system, carbon monoxide will spread through the building.
teplolivam.ru
An air heating system is simply ideal for heating industrial premises
Calculators SNiPs and GOSTs
Heating industrial premises is an important matter for the owner of a large enterprise. Since it is necessary, first of all, to think about the employees. After all, when workers spend their workday in comfortable conditions, they, accordingly, get sick less and work better.
Advantages of air heating of industrial premises:
- This heating system is much more economical than, for example, gas;
- Installation of equipment for air heating will cost the owner in large establishments much cheaper than building his own separate boiler room;
- Also, this heating system is able to save a lot of money for electricity. The thing is that the air heats up, thanks to this equipment, much faster, and the heat lasts longer;
- The owner of any large room will save money on maintenance of this system. Since air heating of industrial premises requires fewer employees in order for them to service this heating equipment.
Installation options for this heating equipment
Air heating can be installed in 2 options. The first option is to install production units on the roof or near the wall. A special system goes inside from them, thanks to which the air is distributed over all the blowers and evenly heats the room. This option is suitable if, in addition to heating the institution, it is also necessary to cool and ventilate it in the warm season.
Business owners will no longer have to think about purchasing air conditioners and installing them. You can save great money by connecting only one heating system, and in the end you will get 2. Such heating of industrial premises is often used in shopping centers and department stores. Air humidifiers and antibacterial lamps can be connected to heating equipment, which contribute to the creation of an ideal microclimate in the room.
The second installation option is when the production premises are heated by local air heaters. Such equipment is perfect for various warehouses and premises where goods are stored. Air heaters should be installed in the right places around the perimeter and just turn them on. If the temperature drops significantly, then the sensor will record this, and the units will start their work again.
How to proceed when installing air heating in warehouses and other institutions
As always, before starting absolutely any work, you need to think carefully about everything. In this case, you need to make a good project so that after installing the heating equipment there are no problems. Of course, the owner of the production establishment will not do all this. Therefore, the best way to cope with this task is to hire competent workers in this area.
So, what actions should be taken before installing this design:
- First you need to make a project before proceeding with the installation of air heating at the enterprise;
- Next, you need to do the installation of the heating system;
- Then all devices should be tested. These will be tests of all automatic systems and air tests;
- If the check is successful, then you can hand over the "work" for use;
- The last point is, directly, the use of this heating system.
The calculation of all units, spare parts and their quantity should be done by an experienced person in this area in order to protect himself from "unnecessary" purchases.
Heating of industrial premises and enterprises requires absolute compliance with the project itself. You should not do all the calculations yourself, even if you are good at it all. After all, one small mistake can ruin the work of the entire system. Various defects may also appear, which are accompanied by an increased noise level (and for shopping centers this is an unacceptable situation), an imbalance in the air supply to various rooms, an imbalance in the temperature regime, etc.
A specialized organization (namely, here the customer needs to apply for a heating system project) must resolve the following issues:
- Determine heat losses in each individual room;
- Having learned the heat losses, the employees of a specialized organization select air heaters of the required power, taking into account all heat losses;
- Calculate the amount of heated air and take it into account with the capacity of the air heater;
- Make a calculation of the aerodynamic system, which determines the head loss and the diameter of the air channels.
And only after all this, you can proceed to the purchase of all the necessary materials, and then begin to install the heating system for industrial premises.
Rice. 2 Calculation of the heating of the industrial premises Air heating system and its installation
Work on the installation of equipment for heating industrial premises can be undertaken by both "all our own" and workers from a specialized organization. Before starting the installation of air heating in the room, you need to make sure that you have all the materials for work.
In addition to the heating system, it is also necessary not to forget about self-tapping screws, aluminum tape, mounting tape, flexible insulated air duct and other additional materials. All air heating blowers in the room must be insulated. This must be done in order to avoid condensation of blowers in production areas.
Rice. 3 Air heating system in industrial establishments An air heating system with main blowers requires a special approach to insulation. The material used for these blowers is galvanized steel, so a self-adhesive insulation (foil) must be glued on top of it. The thickness of the insulation should be 3-5 mm.
It is best to hire experienced workers to install the heating system in large rooms, who can easily install all the necessary equipment.
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Home> Air heating of industrial premises
Today, many commercial and industrial organizations are faced with the acute issue of savings. In winter, heating an industrial premises with a constant rise in electricity prices can become "a pretty penny", therefore, the demand for efficient heating methods is increasing - first of all, direct heating of air using the currently cheapest fuel - natural gas. Air heating systems for industrial and commercial premises offered by our company are among the most efficient, profitable and advanced on the Russian market. Let's consider the main characteristics of such systems. For industrial premises requiring heating and ventilation, systems are used in which air is supplied to the premises through air ducts. It is most advisable to use such systems, if necessary, not only to heat, but also to ventilate and / or condition the room - since in this system it is possible to combine all these functions. A similar system is mounted using large industrial units, usually located on the roof. This is how the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system is built in large shopping centers, office buildings, as well as production workshops. The system allows you to maintain the desired climatic parameters in the room - temperature, humidity, purify the air from microbes, dust and other harmful impurities, creating the most favorable environment for people in the room. If the task is only to heat the production premises with minimal costs, then the most optimal way is to install local gas air heaters. This is a compact and inexpensive equipment operating on the principle of a fan heater. Local air heaters are controlled by thermostats that regulate the temperature in the room and give a signal to turn on if it drops to a certain value. And in fact, and in another case, the heating system of an industrial or warehouse premises has several undoubted advantages: - use of a cheap energy source (gas)
- no additional coolant, as well as the associated bulky system (pipes, boilers, pumps)
- extremely low inertia - no time is required to transfer heat from the coolant to the battery, heated air immediately enters the room
- extremely high efficiency - up to 93%
- creating a more even distribution of heat due to constant air circulation in the room