Emergency contraceptives. Emergency contraception: modern methods and folk remedies. How effective are pills for pregnancy

The child in the family must be desired, so every pregnancy must be carefully planned. But situations often occur when you need to use emergency contraception. This method is a good way to prevent unwanted conception. How does it work? Is emergency contraception safe for the female body?

Emergency contraception can help prevent unplanned conception. The effect of such techniques is to suppress the ovulatory process in the female body, that is, they do not allow the meeting of the sperm with the egg.

Appropriate techniques are used even if conception has already occurred, but it is urgent to prevent further development of the fetus. In this variant, it is impossible to attach a fertilized egg to the uterine wall.

Situations when a woman can use contraception:

• unprotected sexual contact;
• improper use of contraceptives (breakage, slipping of a condom during sex);
• skipping oral contraception;
• incorrect counting of "safe" days;
• unsuccessfully interrupted intercourse;
• rape.

In all these situations, there is a high risk of unwanted fertilization. And if a woman does not plan to become a mother in the near future, then she needs to use contraceptives as soon as possible (after sex).

The effectiveness of the technique depends on the period of admission. A greater effect will be observed if the reception occurred in the period from 1 to 5 days.

Frequent use of such methods is prohibited. This can negatively affect a woman's health and, especially, the functionality of the reproductive system. It is allowed to use emergency contraceptive methods twice a year.

Douching

Some women believe that douching can protect them from unwanted conception. In fact, this is a myth. Active sperm (after ejaculation) reach the cervix within 1 minute. Sperm are present in the lubricant, which is able to penetrate the female genitals, which can also result in fertilization. Douching is not able to "eliminate" sperm from the reproductive organs of a woman.

It is necessary to point out one more important aspect. Douching negatively affects the microflora of the vagina. Solutions injected into the genitals change the vaginal pH and acidic to alkaline. It is the alkaline environment of the vagina that provokes the development of various gynecological diseases.

Which remedies are better?

If we compare the installation of an IUD and the use of tablets, then the first method is the safest for the female body. The effectiveness of the coil has also been established by numerous medical studies. In the event that a woman has contraindications to the installation of an IUD, she will have to use pills.

The use of antigestogens is safer. Such funds are effective and not so aggressive for the female body when compared with gestagens.

But when choosing emergency contraception, it should be borne in mind that the effectiveness and safety of the drug depends on the time of administration and the phase of the menstrual cycle. Scientific and medical studies have proven that if unprotected sexual contact occurs before the ovulation period, then drugs based on gestagens can be used. In this case, they will be both safe and effective for the female body.

We will take antigestogens regardless of the phase of the menstrual cycle. They will always be as effective as possible and relatively safe.

There are also cases when methods of emergency contraception become completely ineffective. You can determine the onset of conception (after taking the appropriate funds) by the following signs:

• delay (by 1 or more weeks) menstruation;
• the past menstruation was accompanied by scant bloody discharge and lasted less than usual.

Navy

IUD insertion is one of the most common and most effective methods of emergency contraception.

In terms of external parameters, the spiral is a special tool of small dimensions, made of plastic with the presence of alloys of gold, copper or silver.

The introduction of the IUD is performed no later than 5 days after unprotected sexual contact. The procedure for installing the spiral is carried out by a gynecologist in a medical institution. The establishment of a spiral is allowed only for women who have no contraindications to the corresponding procedure.

The IUD effectively prevents the onset of unwanted fertilization, but it is not able to protect the female body from the invasion of various kinds of infections (including sexually transmitted infections).

Your periods after IUD insertion always become more abundant, last longer than usual, and are accompanied by physical discomfort.

If the IUD was used only in the form of an emergency contraception, then one month after installation it must be removed. The spiral is removed by a gynecologist. It is forbidden to independently remove the IUD, as this may result in adverse consequences for the female body.

Medicines

This group includes pills that contain a large dosage of hormonal substances.

Depending on the active hormone that is part of the product, there are several methods of using emergency contraception:

• Yuzpe method - taking twice during the day (after 12 hours) equal dosages of drugs based on Ethinylestradiol (200 mg) and Levonorgestrel (1.5 mg).
• Acceptance of funds based on Levonorgestrel (1.5 mg). It is allowed to take twice a day, and the total dosage is divided into 2 equal parts. Another way is to take a high dosage once.
• Taking pills based on Mifepristone or a progesterone hormone antagonist. It is taken in a single dose of 10 mg.

Comparing the methods, it is necessary to point out that the Yuzpe method is less effective.

The use of Levonorgestrel is aimed at inhibiting ovulation, but it does not affect the process of introducing a fertilized egg to the uterine wall. This feature must be taken into account when using the drug after the ovulation period. If you do not follow these nuances, then pills based on Levonorgestrel become completely ineffective and do not protect a woman from unwanted conception in any way.

Mifepristone-based drugs inhibit the ovulation process and prevent the introduction of a fertilized egg to the uterine lining. Scientific studies have also proven that they are able to "delay" the onset of ovulation by 4 or more days.

This feature of Mifepristone is very important, since the vital activity of sperm in the female genital organs is 3-5 days. If taking tablets based on Mifepristone fell on the date of ovulation, then the drug will be effective and will continue to work actively for another 3-5 days.

Side effects

All medications can cause a number of side effects:

• aching headache;
• urge to vomit;
• diarrhea;
• discomfort or sharp pain in the lower abdomen;
• discharge with impurities of blood;
• allergic reactions (nasal congestion, skin rash, choking, etc.).

Menstruation after pill emergency contraception is slightly modified. Often there is a change in the date of the onset of menstruation (up or down). Some women note that after taking medications, there is a slight spotting between periods. This feature is not a pathology or cause for panic.

After using the chosen method of contraception, a visit to the gynecologist is recommended. This is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of the drug and eliminate the risk of pregnancy.

Interaction with other medications

The concurrent use of certain medicines and emergency contraceptive medicines is unacceptable. In order not to provoke the onset of side effects:

• Concomitant use with Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Barbiturates, Tacrolimus, as well as Griseofulvin reduces the effectiveness of contraceptive action.
• Taking contraceptives simultaneously with means for normalizing glucose levels, as well as anticoagulants, reduces the effectiveness of the latter.
• The combined use of contraceptives and glucocorticosteroids leads to the accumulation of the contraceptive effect of the corresponding drugs in the blood.
• The simultaneous use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and Mifepristone is prohibited.
• It is not recommended to take Mifepristone and Levonorgestrel before responsible work.

Pregnancy after taking

No contraceptive drug gives a 100% guarantee against unwanted conception. And if, after taking the appropriate means, pregnancy still occurs, then gynecologists advise women to terminate it.

The effect of hormonal agents on the fetus is not fully understood, therefore, abortion is necessary to avoid negative consequences.

Ectopic pregnancy

It is important to clarify that the risk of an ectopic pregnancy occurs only after taking levonorgestrel-based tablets. This feature is explained by the fact that the hormone inhibits the "movement" of the egg after the period of ovulation through the fallopian tube. On the one hand, this feature provides protection against unwanted conception, but on the other hand, it contributes to the development of an ectopic pregnancy.

When taking drugs based on Mifepristone, the risk of ectopic pregnancy is reduced to 2%. On the contrary, it accelerates the "movement" of the egg through the fallopian tube. Moreover, scientific studies have proven that Mifepristone can be used as a complex agent in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy.

Emergency contraceptive pills

Emergency contraceptive pills are classified according to the active ingredient into several forms:

• Levonorgestrel-based drugs - Postinor, Escapel, Levonelle.
• Based on Mifepristone - Agesta, Ginepristone, Zhenale.
• Oral contraceptives - Ovidon, Marvelon, Ovret, Mikroginon.

Postinor

One of the most famous emergency contraceptives contains 0.75 mg. Levonorgestrel.

Reception method:

• the total dosage is divided into 2 doses;
• take the first pill no later than 3 days after unprotected sexual contact;
• the second - no later than 12 hours after taking the first pill.

The effectiveness is 94%, if the reception is carried out within the first day after unprotected sex. The effect will be 86% if Postinor is taken on the 2nd day and 57% - on the 3rd after unprotected intercourse.

Escapel

It is analogous to Postinor. Escapel contains 1.5 mg of active Levonorgestrel.

Method of administration: single use of 1 tablet no later than 4 days after unprotected sexual intercourse.

The efficiency of Escapel (subject to the principles of application) reaches 98.9%.

Ginepristone (Agesta)

The base contains 10 mg. Mifepristone.

Method of administration: a single dose of 1 tablet of the appropriate agent no later than 3 days after sexual contact.

Numerous studies have proven that it is drugs based on Mifepristone that most effectively protect against unwanted conception.

Oral contraceptives

The active ingredient in such funds is Ethinylestradiol. Oral contraceptives can replace emergency contraceptives. They perform the same function and have roughly the same effect.

Reception method:

• the total dosage of the product is divided into 2 parts;
• take the first pill no later than 3 days after unprotected sex;
• the second - 12 hours after taking the first pill.

Depending on the name of the drug, the content of the active hormone may vary. This is important to consider when formulating the dosage of the oral contraceptive.

For example, if you use Mikroginon or Marvelon as an emergency contraceptive drug, the total dosage of pills will be 8 pcs., Respectively, a single dose will be 4 tablets, and the remaining 4 of the total dose will need to be taken in 12 hours.

When using Ovidon or Ovulen, the total dosage of tablets is 4 pcs., Respectively, 2 tablets for each dose.

EllaOne

Included in the group of new generation products. Can be used as an abortifacient.

Method of application: one-time, no later than 5 days after sexual intercourse.

Precautions

1. Before taking the drug, carefully study the instructions for use, especially contraindications.
2. Strictly follow the recommendations specified in the instructions.
3. The tablets are recommended to be taken on an empty stomach (or 2 hours after a meal). Thus, the maximum contraceptive effect is achieved.
4. The tablets must be taken with plenty of cool water.
5. If the instructions say to divide the total dose of the drug into 2 parts, then you need to do so. Ignoring this point can result in the development of serious side effects.

Only well-protected sex can protect a woman from unwanted pregnancy.

Although emergency contraception is harmful to the body, and many women know about it, nevertheless, it remains very, very popular. In some situations, the use of this kind of drugs is really the only way out of the situation, in others it is unjustified harm to the body. Let's look at the most popular and recommended by gynecologists emergency contraceptive drugs, how to take them correctly, what side effects they cause, what contraindications, etc.

When is emergency contraception needed?

The main reason for taking these drugs is unprotected intercourse. Yes, despite the widespread prevalence of modern methods of contraception and their convenience, some couples forget about it. At the right time, there is no condom at hand or ... it just breaks. Do I need to panic in this case?

First, you should calm down and try to calculate what day of the menstrual cycle is now. After all, emergency contraception is not so safe, the pills taken can lead to unpleasant consequences. So, if you had unprotected intercourse in the first or last 7-8 days of the menstrual cycle, and its (menstrual cycle) duration is the classic 28-30 days and it is regular, then you probably should not take pills, since ovulation (the day when pregnancy may occur) falls in the middle of the menstrual cycle.

Another common question is whether emergency contraception can be used in conjunction with planned? For example, in the first 14 days of the first cycle of taking oral contraceptives, you should use another method of contraception at the same time, since the first has not yet fully "entered into force". Or there was a simultaneous intake of OC with antibiotics or other drugs that have the peculiarity of reducing the effectiveness of contraceptives. In this case, “emergency” drugs should not be taken from above. In addition to OC, non-hormonal contraception should be used. Another thing is the use of spermicides (if, for example, the candle was inserted into the vagina not before intercourse, but after or immediately before intercourse, without waiting for the recommended time interval of 5-10 minutes) or condoms (they sometimes tend to break).

What if a woman is breastfeeding? Do I need emergency contraception in this case? Of course, it is better to avoid such situations, but if there is a "discrepancy", you can use urgent drugs. But in this case, you will have to postpone breastfeeding for one day, until the drug is completely removed from the body.

Emergency protection options

Gynecologists offer several possible drug regimens and the drugs themselves also have a number.

The most famous and still popular is postinor. But it is considered an "old generation" drug with a huge number of side effects. Reception is carried out as follows: within 48 hours (but not later than 72 hours) after intercourse, the woman drinks one pill, and after 12 hours - another. Moreover, the earlier the first pill is taken, the higher the likelihood that emergency contraception will take effect, the drugs are taken for a reason, and pregnancy will not occur.

Escapel is a more modern drug. Its distinctive feature is the content of 1.5 mg of levonorgestrel in 1 tablet. In this connection, there is no need to take a second pill (the previous generation emergency contraceptive drugs contained 2 times less of this hormone, therefore, a two-time dose was required). WHO advises giving preference to drugs that contain 1.5 mg of levonorgestrel. Although both have side effects. The reactions of different women to taking pills are individual. Excapel should be taken no more than 72 hours after unprotected intercourse.

And, finally, the third option is to drink conventional combined oral contraceptives in a higher dosage according to a special scheme. Or drink 3 tablets of Silest (or its analogues - Regividon, Minisiston) at a time and after 12 hours drink 3 more tablets. Or drink 4 Marvelon tablets, and after 12 hours - the same amount.

The following rule applies to all the drugs described above - if vomiting or diarrhea occurs within 2-3 hours after taking them, it is likely that the pills have not been completely absorbed, respectively, and will not work fully, which means pregnancy is possible. You need to repeat the technique.

By the way, what will happen if pregnancy occurs? Will this emergency contraception affect her and the health of the unborn child? Doctors agree that an abortion should not be done because of taking medications, they will not have any effect on the child's health. Another thing is if the drug is taken already during pregnancy (thus some persons are trying to cause a miscarriage on their own), in which case problems may arise. However, the principle “all or nothing” operates in the early stages, therefore, if a miscarriage did not occur in the early stages, most likely, everything went well, or rather, screenings that the woman will undergo if she wants to keep the pregnancy will be shown.

Side effects and frequency of administration

Emergency contraception should only be used in force majeure situations when there is no other way out. Desirable - no more than 2-3 times a year, and even better - if less often. The most common side effect of emergency contraceptive pills is uterine bleeding, which usually occurs a few days after taking them. And other women, on the contrary, have monthly delays, the menstrual cycle is disrupted. Other common side effects are headaches, dizziness, diarrhea and vomiting, and various allergic reactions.

Other emergency contraception options

There are other methods of postcoital contraception - effective and not very effective. The first includes the emergency installation of an intrauterine device (it is not always feasible in a short time, since you need to pass a number of tests and undergo an ultrasound scan; in addition, there are many contraindications to the installation). If this is done within 3 days after unprotected intercourse, then even if the egg is fertilized, it will most likely not be able to implant in the uterine wall. This option is suitable for women who already planned to install a spiral. A significant disadvantage is that the cervix can be injured, since only at the beginning of the menstrual cycle the cervix is \u200b\u200bsoftened, more adapted to the safe introduction of the IUD.

Other methods are popular, with unproven effectiveness and even dangerous. With the help of them, women are trying to provoke the onset of menstruation ahead of schedule, but in fact, they want to cause a miscarriage in early pregnancy. Popular methods of emergency contraception include a "meal" of sugar with iodine, ascorbic acid, parsley, hot baths, herbs like tansy and much, much more. But we do not recommend using these tools.

Always remember that emergency contraception is quite dangerous, but less dangerous than abortion. In order not to check either the first or the second from your own experience, choose a reliable method of planned contraception.

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An unplanned pregnancy triggers panic. About 40% of pregnancies are unintentional, but there are pills and methods of emergency contraception that can help in this situation.

Emergency contraception is a method that prevents an unplanned pregnancy. It suppresses the ovulatory process in the female body. If fertilization has occurred, then as a result of using this method, the egg will not attach to the uterine lining.

When to take emergency contraceptive pills

Emergency contraceptive pills are used in the following cases:

1. Sexual intercourse without protection.
2. Sexual abuse.
3. Cases in which there is reason to believe that the contraceptive used was ineffective.
4. Broken condom.
5. The prolapse of the intrauterine device.

Emergency contraceptive pills must be taken immediately after intercourse

The maximum effect will be achieved if the pill was taken on the first day after intercourse.

Emergency contraception methods

Method	Explanation
Emergency contraceptive pills	Should be taken immediately after intercourse, within 72 hours.
Intrauterine device	Establish no more than 5 days after intercourse. Introduced by medical personnel.
Condom	Prevents unwanted pregnancies and protects partners from sexually transmitted diseases.
Calendar	Suitable only for those with regular periods.
Contraceptive patch	A plaster is attached to the abdomen, hormones penetrate through the skin and do not allow the egg to mature.

Switching to permanent contraception

After using the pills, you can return to continuous contraception. If IUDs are used for her, then no other protection is needed anymore. After using pills that contain LNG, women can return to their method and start using it.

After using UPA tablets, women can extend the use of any progesterone-containing drugs for the sixth day after using UPA.

Classification of emergency pills

There are three different types of emergency contraceptive pills:

1. Progestin-only contraceptives. They act by thickening cervical mucus, so it is important to apply them at the same time of day. If you miss an appointment for more than a couple of hours, additional protection measures are required. The products do not suppress ovulation, and the menstrual cycle does not change with use.

Such drugs can be used by women:

• any age;
• wishing to have protection against unwanted pregnancy;
• women with anemia;
• overweight women.

2. Antiprogesterone drugs. These are agents that suppress the action of gestagens at the level of progesterone receptors. Immediately after using the medication, the generation of prostagladins is activated in the endometrium. Such drugs are used in obstetric and gynecological practice to terminate pregnancy in the first trimester.

3. Combined oral contraceptives. Their action is based on the influence of sex hormones. These drugs are composed of progesterone and estrogen and are divided into one-, two- and three-phase drugs. These are the best contraceptives for women, because they can be selected depending on the characteristics of the body.

Three-phase preparations contain the maximum amount of progesterone and estrogen. In biphasic, the ratio of hormones changes twice. Single-phase drugs least of all respond to natural processes, but they act on the body, just like others, preventing pregnancy.

How to choose emergency contraception

Only a specialist can choose the appropriate contraceptive pill after examining the patient, which consists of:

• doctor's appointment;
• taking an analysis from the cervix;
• biochemical blood test;
• a blood test for hormones;
• Ultrasound of the mammary glands.

Also, the doctor provides for the height, weight and age of the patient.

Top 10 emergency concentration pills from the pharmacy

The pharmaceutical market is saturated with a wide range of contraceptives. The rating of the best of them presented in the article will help you understand which tools are better to choose.

Contraception for nulliparous girls

For young girls, contraception issues are especially relevant, because abortion is the cause of many problems in the future, especially when it comes to the first pregnancy. Taking contraceptives for young girls is the most effective method of protection against unwanted surprises.

The best way to protect yourself from unwanted pregnancy at this age is with combined contraceptives. They can be used by teenage girls who are sexually active.

Tri-regol

Tri-regol tablets are a contraceptive device related to three-phase emergency contraception. The medication is produced in tablets of 3 different colors: pink, white and yellow. The product contains 2 active ingredients - ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel. The medication is packaged in 21 pieces. in one box.

After use, the tablets are rapidly absorbed into the central bloodstream, evenly distributed in tissues and have a positive effect due to their action on various receptors. The main indication for using the pill is to prevent pregnancy.

Contraindications:

• liver pathology;
• cholecystitis;
• bowel disease;
• jaundice;
• herpes;
• pregnancy.

The tablets are used in the morning, starting from the first day of critical days according to the scheme specified in the instructions. If the drug intake was missed, then it must be drunk as early as possible, no later than 12 noon. The drug is dispensed in the pharmacy by prescription and its cost is from 250 rubles.

Triquilar

Trikvilar is a combined three-phase contraceptive.

Its effectiveness depends on the action of three mechanisms that complement each other:

• suppression of ovulation;
• modification of the assessment of cervical secretion;
• transformation of the endometrium.

The drug includes levonogestrel and ethinyl estradiol, as well as several minor components: calcium carbonate, iron oxide, corn starch. The tool is produced in the form of tablets in the amount of 21 pcs. in one package. The medication is prescribed for contraception.

Contraindications:

• thrombosis;
• diabetes;
• migraine;
• pancreatitis;
• liver pathology;
• crohn's disease;
• hypertension.

The package contains instructions for using the drug, a blister with an arrow and 21 pcs. tablets located along the circle. The use of the tool must begin with the "Start" sign and then follow the direction of the arrows.

The tablets must be taken at the same time, the duration of admission is 21 days. Then you should take a week break and start taking the medicine again. The medication can be bought at a pharmacy with a doctor's prescription and its price is from 576 rubles.

Mercilon

Mersilon is a contraceptive drug that includes progestogen and estrogen. The drug has the ability to inhibit ovulation and increase the secretion of cervical mucus.

Contraindications:

• liver pathology;
• thrombosis;
• arterial thrombosis;
• vaginal bleeding;
• diabetes;
• pancreatitis.

If any of the above conditions appears, a woman needs to stop taking medications and consult a specialist. Tablets are prescribed every day for 1 pc. for 21 days. If a woman has not used hormonal contraceptives for 30 days, it is better to start using the medication in the first days of the critical days. The drug is dispensed in a pharmacy by prescription and its price is from 1300 rubles.

Marvelon

A hormonal contraceptive for oral use. It contains desogestrel, progestin, ethinyl estradiol. All substances have a contraceptive effect and prevent unwanted pregnancy.

Also Marvelon:

• reduces the risk of developing anemia;
• prevents ectopic pregnancy;
• reduces the possible manifestation of cancerous tumors;
• makes critical days regular.

Contraindications:

• thrombosis;
• diabetes;
• infectious liver damage;
• period of bearing the child;
• lactation period;
• high concentration of triglycerides in the blood.

The drug should be used constantly at the same time, strictly following the order on the package. Duration of use is 21 days. If the interval after using the drug has exceeded 12 hours, then the effect of contraception becomes lower. The tool is produced strictly according to the prescription and its cost is from 1400 rubles.

Contraception for women after 30 years

For women over 30, the choice of emergency contraceptives is of great importance, since her health at this age is not ideal, and some incorrectly selected drugs will only aggravate the situation even more.

Claira

Klayra's emergency contraceptive pills are a combination drug. As part of the drug estradiol valerate, dienogest, as well as several additional substances: corn starch, povidone, magnesium stearate. The product has several positive properties that can help you choose the right way to protect yourself from pregnancy.

In girls using Claira, pain and discharge during critical days decrease, thereby reducing the risk of iron deficiency anemia.

Contraindications:

• venous thrombosis;
• diabetes;
• pancreatitis;
• liver failure;
• period of bearing the child;
• breastfeeding period.

It is necessary to use the medication without interrupting the course. You need to apply the product 1 pc. 28 days according to the scheme indicated in the instructions. The tool is dispensed only by prescription and its price is from 1100 rubles.

Jess

Jess is a contraceptive drug that contains the active ingredients ethinylestradiol and drospirenone. In addition, the product contains corn starch and magnesium. The tablets are double-convex, round, pink in color. The package contains 28 pcs. The drug Jess is a monophasic contraceptive that has an anti-mineralocorticoid effect on the uterus.

Also, the agent suppresses the ovulation process and has an effect on cervical secretions, which is why spermatozoa do not penetrate into the uterus. The active substances of the drug prevent weight gain and the occurrence of puffiness. It has a positive effect on the state of the female body during critical days, stabilizes the psycho-emotional background.

The medicine is prescribed as a contraceptive and also to treat acne.

Contraindications:

• venous thrombosis;
• diabetes;
• pancreatitis;
• renal failure;
• lactation period.

The tablets must be used strictly according to the instructions on the package. Every day, the product must be used 1 pc. per day for one month. The medication is sold in pharmacies by prescription and its price is from 980 rubles.

Logest

Logest is a low-dose combination emergency contraception. Round form white 21 pcs. in a blister, in a cardboard box 1 or 3 blisters.

The drug includes the active ingredients - gestodene and ethinyl estradiol. Also, the preparation contains several additional agents: corn starch, polyvidone, calcium carbonate.

Contraindications:

• angina pectoris;
• diabetes;
• thrombosis;
• vaginal bleeding;
• period of bearing the child.

The medication should be taken from the first day of menstruation, 1 tablet per day for 21 days. Next, you need to take a break for a week and start taking the drug again on the 8th day. The product is available with a prescription and costs from 700 rubles.

Contraception for women over 40

In adulthood, women experience an unusual period - premenopause. It is characterized by declining fertility, changes during critical days, and hormone levels. The female body at this age is not young and during the premenopausal period, symptoms of menopause are observed - increased sweating and irritability.

The choice of contraceptives at this age should be made in consultation with the gynecologist, as there are adverse reactions to medications.

Janine

Janine is a multiphasic contraceptive agent. It contains unique substances that prevent unplanned pregnancy. The tool regulates the menstrual cycle, eliminates painful sensations with irregular menstruation.

The drug is produced in the form of white dragees, packed in blister packs of 21 pieces. The medication contains dienogest and ethinyl estradiol. Also, the drug includes excipients: sugar syrup, magnesium stearate, potato starch.

Indications:

• endometriosis;
• dysmenorrhea;
• amenorrhea;
• menorrhagia;
• prevention of unwanted pregnancy.

The effect of the drug is achieved through complementary mechanisms, the most important of which is the suppression of ovulation. In girls who take this remedy, the menstrual cycle becomes regular, painful sensations disappear during critical days and the risk of anemia decreases. The tool is taken 1 tablet once a day for 21 days.

Contraindications:

• bleeding;
• pregnancy;
• breastfeeding period;
• diabetes;
• liver tumor.

The medication is dispensed by prescription and its price is from 1100 rubles.

Divina

Divina is an anti-climacteric agent. The medication is available in tablets and includes estradiol valerate, kollidone, corn starch. The drug is prescribed for women in menopause to remove symptoms that appear due to estrogen and progesterone deficiency. Also, the agent is prescribed for the prevention of osteoporosis.

Contraindications:

• liver disease;
• sickle anemia;
• endometriosis;
• pregnancy;

The drug is taken in the evening, 1 tablet for 21 days. Then you need to take a break for 7 days and continue drinking in the same way. The funds are dispensed with a prescription and its price in pharmacies averages 600-800 rubles.

Charosetta

Charosetta emergency contraceptive pills are a gestagen-containing drug. The preparation contains desogestrel, lactose, povidone, silicon dioxide. The product does not contain the hormone estrogen, so it can be used by women during breastfeeding.

Charosette package contains 28 pcs. tablets and it contains instructions for use. The drug must be taken following this scheme, 1 pc. per day at the same time.

Contraindications:

• pregnancy;
• venous thrombosis;
• liver disease;
• lactase deficiency;
• an allergic reaction to the substance of the agent.

Charosetta is dispensed with a doctor's prescription and its price is from 1200 rubles.

The birth control pill is an excellent emergency contraception method that helps prevent unwanted pregnancies and has medicinal properties.

Article design: Svetlana Ovsyanikova

Video on the topic: emergency contraception

Overview of emergency contraception:

In this article, we'll look at the most effective birth control pills after unprotected intercourse. You will find the rules for the use of these drugs, as well as their features.

Postcoital contraception is considered to be the prevention of pregnancy, which is highly undesirable. The need to take these funds arises if a woman forgot to take an oral contraceptive on time or a condom broke during intercourse. Often, postcoital contraception is used after violent intercourse.

It should be noted that the prevention of pregnancy is possible only if the woman has taken emergency contraceptive within 3 days from the moment of unprotected intercourse.

Levonorgestrel birth control pills

Emergency contraceptives, which contain levonorgestrel, prevent the fertilization of the egg. After taking the pill, ovulation is delayed due to cervical mucus, which prevents sperm from entering the egg.

Will these birth control pills help after intercourse? depends on the time that has passed since sexual contact:

• up to 24 hours - efficiency 95%;
• 25 - 48 hours - 85% efficiency;
• 49 - 72 hours - efficiency 58%.

Consider which levonorgestrel-based birth control pills are currently the most effective:

Name	How long to take	Instructions	Photo
Within 72 hours	The use of an emergency contraceptive is effective for 3 days. It should be noted that there are 2 tablets in the package, respectively, the emergency contraceptive must be taken twice. The second pill should be drunk 12 hours after the first one. Drink clean water without chewing.
Within 72 hours	Within 3 days after sex (unprotected), you must take one tablet. If there are side effects in the form of vomiting, the drug must be taken again.

Emergency contraception based on mifepristone

Thanks to the active substance (mifepristone), ovulation becomes impossible if you take the pill within 3 days from the moment of unprotected intercourse. In the event that more than 3 days have passed, mifepristone (increased dosage) is used as an early termination of pregnancy (up to 9 weeks).

Name	How long does it take to take	Instructions	Photo
Ginepristone	Within 72 hours	Take 1 tablet with a little water.
Zhenale	Within 72 hours	It is preferable to take this drug 2 hours before meals, provided that at least 2 hours have passed since the last meal.
Agesta	Within 72 hours	Take 1 tablet with a small amount of water. It is preferable to take this drug 2 hours before meals, provided that at least 2 hours have passed since the last meal.

Combined oral contraceptives for emergency contraception (Yuzpe method)

The Yuzpe method is an emergency contraception, which is based on taking oral contraceptives.

To effectively prevent unwanted pregnancies, it is recommended to take the pill within 24 hours of unprotected intercourse. This method is characterized by taking the following medications:

• Marvelon.
• Microgenon
• Regulon.
• Rigevidon.
• Minisiston.

You can also use low-dose hormonal drugs such as Novinet, Logest or Mersilon. In this case, it is necessary to take 5 tablets twice with an interval of 12 hours.

Emergency contraceptives for lactation

Women who are breastfeeding can use two types of emergency contraception:

Contraceptive	Characteristic
Installation of an intrauterine device	To prevent unwanted pregnancy, the installation of an ectopic device must be carried out within 5 days from the moment of unprotected intercourse. In this case, you do not need to interrupt breastfeeding. It should be noted that after the installation of the intrauterine device, the contraceptive effect will remain in the future.
Taking hormonal pills	If a woman who is breastfeeding decides to use hormonal agents to prevent unwanted pregnancy, you must stop breastfeeding for 36 hours. In order not to disrupt milk production in a given period of time, a woman needs to express milk, and replace the baby's nutrition with milk formulas by age. During lactation, a woman can choose any of the above types of medications. However, experts recommend giving preference to levonorgestrel pills. The most suitable option would be Escapel tablets, which are taken once.

Non-hormonal emergency contraceptives

There are two types of emergency contraception:

1. hormonal drugs;
2. non-hormonal drugs.

Drugs that do not contain hormones include drugs based on mifepristone. Let's list their names:

1. Zhenale;
2. Ginepristone;
3. Agesta.

Preparations based on this active substance do not violate the hormonal background. Mifepristone tablets are believed to be more effective than levonorgestrel tablets.

Another advantage of non-hormonal drugs is considered a lower percentage of side effects.

What are the safest contraceptives

The safest emergency contraception is the Yuzpe method. Low-dose medications have fewer side effects. If you follow the conditions for taking pills, the effectiveness of this method is 90%.

These birth control pills are available without a prescription.

It should be noted that vaginal contraceptives are not suitable for emergency contraception due to their low effectiveness.

Table: Comparison of the effectiveness and side effects of birth control pills after unprotected intercourse

The cost of emergency contraceptives

How much do the pills that prevent unwanted pregnancy cost? Consider a list of pills and their average cost:

Please note that the price for drugs is average. Depending on the region of residence, the cost may vary.

When is postcoital contraception acceptable?

It is possible to use emergency contraceptives if pregnancy is highly undesirable:

1. Less than 2 years have passed since the cesarean section.
2. Sexual intercourse was violent.
3. Past attempts to get pregnant have ended with fetal fading or ectopic pregnancy.

Before taking a serious medication, its contraindications should be considered:

• Age under 18.
• Existing pregnancy.
• Menstrual irregularities.
• Malignant tumors.

If, after taking an emergency contraceptive, there are spotting, urgently consult a gynecologist.

If, 2 weeks after using the contraceptive drug, your period does not come on time, you should also consult your doctor.

How to choose birth control pills after intercourse (

Most contraceptive methods are used before sex. But sometimes it happens that there was sex, but there was no protection. This may be a common everyday situation, when it was “not before”, a condom broke, you forgot to take a contraceptive pill. Finally, we must not forget about rape.

In all these cases, emergency contraception will help prevent pregnancy - means that act after, not before.

Most often, medications are used to prevent pregnancy after intercourse. Emergency contraception pills are hormonal drugs based on levonorgestrel and ulipristal acetate Emergency contraception. WHO fact sheet... These are not the only options, but the most popular and effective ones. If you take pills in the first 72 hours after intercourse, the chance of getting pregnant is How Does Emergency Contraception Work? only 1–2%.

How emergency contraception works

Emergency contraception works in several ways Plan B One-Step:

1. Suppresses ovulation. Since ovulation does not occur, then there is no ripe one that could be fertilized.
2. Prevents fertilization.
3. Prevents the attachment of the ovum to the uterus.

In any of these cases, pregnancy does not occur.

But if you're already pregnant, the hormone doses offered by emergency contraception no longer work. Emergency contraception.

When to take pills

Any emergency contraceptive drug should be used as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse. Ideally, in the first 72 hours: on the fourth or fifth day, the effectiveness of the tablets will be low.

How to take pills correctly

Strictly according to the instructions, because there are many drugs and each has its own characteristics. If before use there is an opportunity to consult a doctor, then it is better to do this: the doctor will advise pills that have a minimum of side effects.

But this is not always possible. And, in principle, there are no special contraindications for taking pills Emergency contraception... Standard exceptions:

1. If a woman is not allowed for some reason.
2. If there is an allergy to the components of the medicine.
3. If you already have a pregnancy Plan B One-Step.

There is no need to do any special examinations and tests before emergency contraception.

What will happen after taking the pill

If you take pills after unprotected intercourse, you may experience side effects.

These are primarily minor bleeding and cycle changes: the following may be stronger or, conversely, light.

Other side effects:

1. Lower abdominal pain.
2. Tension in the chest.
3. Headache.
4. Nausea.
5. Fatigue.

These symptoms should go away in a couple of days, otherwise you should see a doctor.

Is emergency contraception an abortion?

Abortion is the removal of the ovum that has already attached to the wall of the uterus. During the time that emergency contraception works, this does not happen. Moreover, during this period it is not even possible to predict or check whether fertilization has occurred.

So no, emergency contraception is not an abortion.

However, religious organizations may have a different opinion. In some religions, any contraception is considered abortion.

What to do after emergency contraception

It all depends on the situation. Emergency contraception does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, if there is a suspicion that you could get them, you need to consult a doctor and conduct all the necessary research.

We remind you that this should be done a week or two after unprotected intercourse, and the test for HIV infection must be repeated after two months.

How often can this method be used

Emergency contraception is not the best method of permanent contraception. Even if a woman does not have a regular sex life, there is always a remedy that will take into account the needs and will not increase the risks of side effects.

And often the use of emergency contraception is precisely this that is dangerous: the risk of menstrual irregularities increases Emergency contraception... But this does not mean that the pill cannot be taken more than once in a lifetime.

Emergency contraception isn't just about pills

To quickly prevent unwanted pregnancy, they use not only hormonal pills, as is commonly thought, but also intrauterine contraceptives.

Installing a conventional intrauterine device within seven days after unprotected intercourse prevents pregnancy by almost 99%. In addition, this method automatically switches to long-term contraception.

The spirals are installed only by a doctor.

Coils have pros and cons that should be discussed with your healthcare provider. But even if you decide on this method, remember that you still have to pass the STI test.