An excellent decoration of the site will be not only a properly selected fence, but also a beautiful gate. Therefore, many, after its construction, opt for wrought iron gates. They are now in fashion and this is quite justified, because the appearance of this design is quite refined and luxurious.
The downside of wrought iron gates is that they are expensive. Therefore, many make this product on their own. In addition, installing wrought iron gates is quite simple. Also, today it is possible to make such a product with your own hands or buy a ready-made version.
It is important to first create a sketch before making a wrought iron gate. It must be of the correct scale. It is important to apply all sizes too, so that everything is as clear as possible. With the help of this drawing, it will be possible to correctly make the design.
Installation of pillars - the material has been purchased and the sketch of the gate is ready, you can proceed with the installation of the supporting elements. It is on them that the main structure will be attached in the future. It is important to create strong and reliable supports for the gate. Metal pipe works best.
Such elements are further finished with bricks.
1. First, the installation site of the pillars is marked. Then holes are pulled out with a depth of approximately 1 meter.
2. In progress. In this case, it is necessary to check their perpendicularity with a plumb line. Pillars must be installed strictly vertically. Otherwise, the design will be installed incorrectly.
For supports, it is not advisable to use pipes with a diameter of less than 100 millimeters. Thick metal poles are best. Pipes are covered with rubble.
4. At the end, the pillars are poured with cement mortar.
After the supports are securely fixed and the solution is completely dry, you need to outline the attachment points for the loops.
This stage is considered the most time consuming. After all, all forged parts need to be fastened to each other. For this, welding is used. It is important to weld all the elements so that the seams are as invisible as possible.
Large sagging at the seams can be cut with a grinder. The joints must be cleaned of slag. Finally, the finished structure is hung on the supporting elements and processed with special tools.
Gone are the days when gates were made of wood. Currently, any owner seeks to install metal gates. Metal structures have a lot of advantages compared to wooden structures: they can serve for decades, do not require special care, and perform their main function (protection of the territory from the intrusion of uninvited visitors) much better than wooden structures do.
In the forges of Alois you can order the manufacture and installation of metal gates of any type - for a fence or for a garage. Our master will measure and offer several options for the gate, the most suitable for your conditions. We will do all the work quickly, efficiently and not expensive.
As for design, here you can choose standard options for such products or order products with an exclusive design, for example,.
Installation of swing metal gates
Swing gates, when opened, move inside the site, freeing the entrance for the car or the entrance to the site for the pedestrian. If this product is intended for a garage, then the doors will open outward.
Swing gates are cheaper than sliding gates (the second type of metal gate, which will be discussed later). Due to the simplicity of design and installation, their cost will be on average 20-30% lower.
Installation of swing gates consists of several stages:
measurements. To install the gate correctly, before starting work, it is necessary to carry out work to calculate the dimensions and determine the exact location of the gate. To take measurements, you need to take a ruler, pencil and paper, draw a fence plan taking into account the pillars and other elements of the building envelope, and then use a calculator to calculate how much space is left for the gate and where they can be placed. A competent master will take into account the reliability of the structure on which the gate is to be hung, and also evaluate the effectiveness of protection. He will also recommend the design, materials, fittings and locks.
Pole installation. After all measurements are taken, you can begin to install the pillars (supports) to which the gate will be attached.
- To install supports, it is necessary to dig a hole in the ground (the diameter of the hole depends, firstly, on the diameter of the pole, and secondly, it also depends on the type of installation of the support selected) and install a support in it.
- For reliable fixation in the ground, it is not enough just to cover the post with earth, it should be concreted with a mixture, which, in addition to concrete, must necessarily include small pieces of bricks and stones.
- In the garage, such gates are hung on a solid metal frame, securely mounted in the walls (if the garage is brick).
Gate leaf installation. After the concrete mixture has completely hardened, it will be possible to begin installation of the gate leaves. To install the gate leaves in the place provided for this, it is necessary to attach special hinges to the supports (they come with some poles, if they are not included in the delivery set, such hinges can be purchased at any hardware store), and then fasten them to them (or weld them to these loops) the sashes themselves.
Primer, painting. The last step in the installation of swing gates is the priming and painting of structures in order to extend their service life and improve the appearance of the building envelope. After painting and priming is completed and after the liquids have completely dried, a gate can be installed in the gate (if such a possibility is provided). Coloring, like the whole process of work, is still better to entrust to the master. In this case, you will get beautiful, evenly stained doors that will not rust.
Installation of sliding metal gates
Such designs are in rather high demand, which is explained by the presence of automation elements in such systems. It opens and closes the gate, which is undoubtedly convenient, especially if the use of heavy metal structures is implied. Installation of sliding metal gates is carried out in several stages, each of which is worth talking about in more detail.
Building a foundation. Sliding metal gates, unlike swing gates, need a sufficiently strong underground support that can withstand heavy loads (the total weight of sliding gates is several times greater than similar swing-type structures). In order for the sliding gates to serve for a long time and not fail at the most necessary moments, before installing them, it is necessary to make a powerful foundation, for which it is necessary to dig a fairly wide trench 1-2 meters deep under the place of the proposed fixing of the gate, and then fill the hole with a mixture of crushed stone and sand, tamp the mixture and fill the rest of the hole with concrete.
Installation of constipation. To prevent the gate from opening and closing on its own, but only when necessary, it is necessary to install locks (latches, bolts and other types of locks) on the inner sides of the metal structures and install stops on them so that the gate wings cannot move freely .
Mounting racks. Gate leaves are usually mounted on special posts that go underground and enter special pipes that rest on the foundation. To fix the rack in place, it is necessary to dig a small hole in this place, the diameter of which should be slightly larger than the diameter of the rack, and hammer the rack itself into it so that it enters the pipe. After completing the procedure, you can make an oblique slot in the upper part of the structures and fix a shaped latch in this place, which will prevent the lower part of the gate leaf from moving when its upper part is moved.
Installation of bolts. Many sliding metal gates, installed using the wrong technology or serious mistakes were made during installation, cannot stay closed for a long time, constantly opening. To prevent this from happening, at the end of the procedure for installing sliding metal gates, it is necessary to fix several latches on the gate posts, which will hold the gate leaves in the closed state and thus prevent them from opening.
Installation of this type of gate should be carried out exclusively by specialists, especially when it comes to a garage. Such cases, when improperly mounted gates jammed, are not uncommon. There were even cases of death of people who could not get out of a tightly closed room. In addition, any distortions and flaws will sooner or later lead to damage to the automation, and the repair will cost much more than the gate installation fee given to the master.
When it comes to your own home, you want it to be securely protected. This function is primarily performed by the gate.
Installing a wrought iron gate with your own hands is not at all a difficult task. It is enough to watch the training video, show imagination and make every effort, diligence and accuracy.
What are the gates?
There are many types of wrought iron gates.
1) By type they can be divided into:
- deaf, they are covered with an opaque material. Completely hide the fenced area
- blind gate design.
- transparent, made of rods with various additional ornaments. This is the option that you can do yourself, without having blacksmithing skills.
- combined, combination of the first and second types
2) By design:
- swing. When the gate has two wings and opens in different directions.
- retractable. When opened, they move to the side.
Both gate designs can be automated.
What are the advantages of wrought iron gates:
- They are universal. Perfectly combined with all building materials: wood, brick, stone, corrugated board.
- A wide variety of design solutions. They can be of a classic rectangular shape, in the form of an arch, decorated with all kinds of peaks and weaves. They can be made wide for the entry of cars or narrow in the form of a gate.
- Exclusivity. As a rule, such things are made completely at the request of the customer. That is, you yourself can think about how the entrance to your house will look like.
- Strong and durable. Withstand the most severe weather conditions, temperature extremes. The maximum that can happen to them is to be covered with a patina, but this gives them originality and beauty.
- Such gates can be equipped with an electric drive, video surveillance and complex locks.
Step-by-step instructions for self-installation of the gate
So, in order for the installation of forged swing gates made by hand to be correct, you need to adhere to the following algorithm of actions:
- To begin with, we make a sketch of the future gate in real scale. This creative process is the most responsible. If you have never painted and do not have enough imagination, you can use catalogs or the Internet. For those who have little experience in welding, it is better to choose the simplest option, without any frills.
- Lay out all parts of the drawing on a smooth horizontal surface, carefully checking the sketch and making sure that the drawing is even.
Forged parts of the gate do not need to be produced by yourself. They can be bought in stores that offer a wide range for every taste.
- Welding of all elements. This stage of work does not tolerate haste and should be given the most attention. Finished seams should be barely visible and thin.
- After welding, carefully process all seams, remove all dust. Then prime the metal and paint it in a pre-selected color.
At this stage of manufacturing the gate itself is completed, you can proceed with its installation:
1) It is necessary to install the pillars on which our sashes will be held. Here it is important to choose poles that can withstand heavy loads. The best option is a metal frame, which will then be covered with bricks.
Important! It is necessary to use material for a post thicker than 100 mm. It will be able to withstand heavy loads and the gate will not sag in the future.
The sequence for installing the pillars is as follows:
- A marking is made of the place where the metal pipe will be installed. The depth must be at least one meter, and the width is calculated from the width of the structure (including bricks) plus 10 cm on each side.
- Pillars are inserted, perpendicularity is checked, and then covered with rubble.
If at this stage you do not check the evenness of the installation and a small cosine appears, then the installation of all other parts will have errors. As a result, you will not get the desired result and you will have to start the installation again.
- We prepare a solution of sand and cement (in a ratio of 3: 1 for M300 cement), add water and stir the mixture until smooth. Fill the gravel, check the evenness, correct if necessary.
- We lay out the brick. Each next row should overlap the seam of the previous one.
- We make the attachment point of the flaps: for this, where the curtains will be attached, we weld the shank and release it through the seam.
After the seams between the bricks have dried up, you need to do the jointing. This compacts the cement mortar, giving the structure the necessary rigidity.
2) On one leaf we drill holes for the lock and the deadbolt. A hole for the valve on the second half of the gate, we make it already in the process of collecting.
3) We hang the gate on the finished poles, which must be completely dried.
4) We make a hole for snapping the lock.
5) We check whether the doors are closed, whether there is a skew. This will be the final step in installing the swing gate.
Installation of sliding gates is somewhat similar to swing gates:
- Support poles are installed.
- A foundation is made using a 20 cm channel, which is installed at a depth of 1.5 m. Reinforcement with a cross section of 12-16 mm is welded to it, not less than half the length of the gate. Then the channel is poured with concrete and 28 days are given for shrinkage.
- Installing electrical wiring. Usually, schemes are attached to sliding gates, according to which you can make this item yourself.
- On the channel filled in the foundation, carriages are installed. Then the gate frame is put on them and set to the desired level. Next, the carriage platform is lightly welded to the channel. If everything is done correctly, you can completely scald the gate carriage platform.
- Make sure there is no gouge and you can weld the support and end rollers to the catchers.
If you can get the job done, you end up with a beautiful gate and save your money.
If you are the owner of a private house, then you are probably familiar with the difficulty of choosing a gate. They are the first thing guests and people passing by pay attention to. Gates can say a lot about homeowners: about their status, the presence or absence of taste.
Beautiful and expensive - of course, forged gates. A homeowner who is used to doing the work on his own can make them saving a lot, because many workshops often use elements sold in any hardware store, despite the fact that the customer must provide the sketch himself (drawing, selection from the catalog / Internet, photo, and so on). In the article we will talk about how to make a wrought iron gate correctly, give diagrams, drawings and photo instructions for assembling gates and gates.
There are two ways to make a gate:
- You will approach the matter professionally, and make all the forged elements yourself. This requires a lot of time and basic knowledge in working with metal.
- You can make gates from finished forged and metal elements by assembling them. This will require minimal tools and text with explanations.
Material calculation
Selecting a sketch is the first and most essential step. You can find ready-made (photo, sketch from the Internet) or do it yourself. And only then buy the necessary material. This will save you from mistakes and incorrect calculations.
First we need the size of the opening. Divide the width by a factor of 1.60 to get the optimal height. For doors with a curved shape at the top, calculate the area from the top of the curve.
You will find the cost of the material by multiplying the area and the cost of 1 m 2 of the selected canvas.
A good pipe is a profile square. The material for the base rods should be thicker, and a square rod with a small section is suitable for small curls, strips of 12x6 mm for baroque curls.
Production of wrought iron gates from prefabricated elements
A method for an amateur, involving the use of finished metal elements with their further assembly.
Necessary materials and tools
- Electric welding.
- Forged items.
- profiled sheet.
- Installation diagram.
- Everything you need for gas welding.
- Small yews.
- Strong vise that is well secured. By holding the peak in a vise, you can make turns on it.
- Quadrilateral.
- Drawing.
- profile pipe.
- Loops.
You need to purchase metal products for the manufacture of gates:
- sheet;
- bar;
- tetrahedron;
- corners;
- decoration elements.
The third is indispensable for the base of the peak, they are made from sheet material, the amount of which is calculated by the formula: the sum of the number of peaks + 30% margin.
Gate manufacturing technology: how to make a frame and fix the details
Decor elements often increase in size after bending or trimming, and this must be taken into account. Manufacturing will be greatly facilitated if the metal is heated and allowed to cool in air (this eliminates the springiness of the metal).
Frame making:
- The pipe for the frame is cut by turning (for an even cut), in accordance with the required dimensions. If you need a curved upper part of the frame, then this is done on a pipe bender.
- You can assemble the frame parts only after all the details have been completed.
- Then the frame parts are laid out and welded to each other by electric welding to form a complete structure. Clamps can be used to secure the profile.
- Then, with neat welding seams by electric welding, we fix the forged parts on the frame according to the sketch. This must be done carefully so that the seams are not visible. First you need to fix the large parts of the frame, and then fill the gaps with small ones. The sags in the seams are removed with a grinder.
- If it is necessary to make a blind gate, a profiled sheet is welded on the reverse side.
Video: assembling a wrought iron gate from prefabricated elements
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Complete independent production of wrought iron gates
Professional level. All forged elements (curls, spirals, peaks) are made by hand.
Tools and materials
- Profile pipe (preferably thick-walled).
- Installation diagram.
- Furnace/hearth
- Electric welding.
- Various hammers and hammers.
- Sheet metal.
- Everything for welding (gas).
- Vice.
- Quadrilateral.
- Drawing.
- Anvil.
- Ticks.
- Small yews.
- Machine tools for bending works.
- Welding machine.
- Breakouts.
- Bulgarian.
Bending machines (cold forging)
It is worth saying a few words about cold forging. This method, of course, is more complex than the manufacture of forged gates from prefabricated elements. Nevertheless, with the availability of equipment, it is possible to create forged elements without special technical training. For this you need bending machines. They are different. Each is used to manufacture a certain type of element.
| Machine | Description |
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Machine "Snail" is used for the manufacture of curls. The blanks are quite easily processed and twisted in turn on each side. |
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On the "Eccentric" it is best to make a sharp pike. |
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"Torsion" is suitable for spirals. If in this way you will make peaks, then keep in mind that all the rods are scrolled the same number of times. This is necessary so that they look identical. |
 |
"Flashlight" several thin round rods are fixed together, and by rotation a blank is obtained that resembles a flashlight. |
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"Gnutik" allows you to bend the workpiece at any angle. |
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"Wave" with its help, you can make a blank in the form of a wave. |
For a beginner, the first three machines will be enough for the eyes. In principle, you can even get by with one "snail". The rest of the machines should be purchased or made by those who already have experience in the manufacture of forged elements and do this all the time.
Video: How to make a snail machine yourself
Video: gate assembly and production of elements on cold forging machines
Instructions for making peaks, spirals, curls in a hot way
It is possible to produce forged elements in a hot way. However, this option is even more complicated than the first two. Let us briefly analyze the manufacturing process of popular types of elements.
How to make spades
- Cut off from the sheet material of the workpiece.
- Give them the look of a grinder.
- Heat on fire until white.
- Transfer with tongs to the anvil and splash with a large hammer.
- The workpiece should be left to cool under natural conditions. When hardening of metal is needed, it must be lowered into ice water.
- To give the original shape, you can make cuts and notches on the sides.
- Peaks are fixed on high rods or on spiral elements.
Making spirals
- Take a tetrahedral pipe (square section). Measure the desired length and make an incision, clamping the pipe in a vise.
- Heat in the oven and scroll with a vise several times.
- In order for several spirals to be identical, the revolutions must be counted.
- Next, straighten the hot spiral on the anvil.
Curls in a hot way
- Cut off a piece of a tetrahedron with a vise.
- Heat the metal using gas welding, which will make it flexible and pliable.
- Curls are easily made on a bending machine.
Video: making an artistic element by hot forging
Wrought iron gate installation
So, the gate leaves are ready. Now you need to install the gate.
Pillar installation
They are needed for fastening a metal structure. As the main materials, a metal pipe and a face brick will be required.
Actions:
- We make markings for installing pipes. In this case, it must be borne in mind that the pipes will be lined with bricks, so the dimensions must be calculated accurately.
- We dig two holes with a depth greater than the freezing depth so that the pillars do not float when the soil is heaving, and the width is 10 cm more than the width of the pipe. We insert the pillars into them, fill the holes with gravel, and tamp. The perpendicularity of the installation of the pillars is checked with a plumb or building level.
- We prepare a cement-sand mortar in a ratio of 1: 3 (M500 cement). Add water to dry mixture. Please note that the solution should be quite liquid.
- Crushed stone after tamping is poured with a cement composition. Then you have to wait until it is completely dry.
- Then mortgages are welded where they will fix the gate leaves. For a wrought iron gate, most likely, three embedded elements will be required, because they will turn out to be heavy. The width of the mortgage for fastening the wings should be at least 5–6 cm. Moreover, it is important to calculate the parameters of the mortgage so that it looks out of the bricks after the pipe is lined with them.
- Then prepare a mortar for laying bricks around the pillars. The consistency of the solution is creamy.
Masonry is done with a trowel. The rigidity of the structure will be greater if the seams of the previous row of masonry are covered with bricks in the future.
Video: laying a brick pillar
Video: how to install mortgages for gates
A cap is installed above the pole to protect the pole from precipitation.
Video: how to make a cap for a fence
Often, to install brick pillars under the gate, a pile-strip foundation is laid, which is integral with the foundation of the fence.
Video: pile-grillage foundation for a fence
How to arrange hinges, install fittings
The lowest of the hinges is attached 40 cm above the lower edge of the sash. The gates are hung so that at least 8-10 cm remain to the ground. You need to take care of the place for the hinges on heavy gates in advance.
Hardware installation process:
- Lubricate the hinges with solid oil (or other thick grease);
- If there are no mortgages, they are installed.
- On the door leaf, markings are made in accordance with the above requirements for the location of the hinges.
- Loops are welded to the canvas, and reciprocal loops to mortgages on poles.
- The canvas is installed.
To prevent the gate from being removed, the upper hinge is installed upside down when the gate is already installed.
Video: how to weld loops
- Make sure the gate opens and closes correctly
- Sand out imperfections.
- Prime the gate and paint with anti-corrosion paint.
We examined the main methods for making wrought iron gates at home. Which one to choose depends on your technical level. All that is needed now is patience. Making your own wrought iron gate is difficult, but possible. If you have any questions, ask them in the comments. You can also talk about what happened to you personally and how you achieved the result.
All the secrets of the correct installation of forged gates
Of course, a wrought iron gate is the face of the site and a stunning architectural element. But first, in order not to become one, it needs to be beautifully and, most importantly, correctly installed.
This process, at first glance, is quite complicated, but in practice it is simple and it will not be difficult to deal with it.
Features of installing a forged gate
Installation of a forged gate can be carried out on several different types of bearing supports. These are the supports laid down during the construction of the fence itself. They may be:
- brick
- concrete
- metal
Stages of installing a forged gate on a brick or concrete frame
Stage one
First of all, you should make sure that all dimensions correspond to those specified in the project. The leaf of the gate should be narrower than the opening by about 2 cm, 1 cm on each side. This will ensure unhindered opening and closing of the gate without touching and rubbing against the supporting frame.
Stage two
Since the forged gate is a metal product, you will have to use a welding machine during installation. But how to weld a metal gate to concrete or brick? Everything is very simple. When erecting load-bearing columns, reinforcing bars must be laid at the installation site of the future gate. If there are none in the intended attachment points, they must be installed. Hinges will be welded to them, on which the gate will hold. To do this, it is necessary to mark future holes, drill them at an angle of 45 degrees or close to it, and hammer a reinforcing bar into it, so that the lower edge looks down. This angle was not chosen by chance. The forged gate has a rather large weight and constantly shifts its center of gravity when opening and closing. Therefore, if the reinforcing bars are installed horizontally, over time, the weight of the gate will break the holes and the structure will warp or sag. Reinforcement clogged to the depth of the hole should be cut almost to the root. Leave only a couple of millimeters in order to be able to weld metal dies.
Stage three
Using measuring tools, a level and a thread beacon, it is necessary to install the gate in the opening and fix it there. The distance from the lower profile to the paving path should not be less than 5 cm. For the free operation of the gate, the distance on the sides between the vertical profile and the opening should be at least 1 cm. To a level gate and pre-installed reinforcing bars with dies, using a welding machine loops are welded. The seams must be made thick and reliable, taking into account, again, the weight of the gate. If necessary, reinforcing bars must be reinforced. After completion of welding work, the fixed gate can be released. Sometimes there are forged gates, already with hinges welded to it. In this case, a profile is welded to the rods, on which they are held.
Stage four
Now the gate is standing and even working. But this installation is not finished yet. Welding points must be protected. To do this, with the help of a grinder, it is necessary to clean the surface of scale and rust. After primer and paint. In this case, the loops will serve for a long time and reliably.
Installation of a forged gate on a metal frame
Stage one
To organize an opening for a forged gate, materials with a margin of safety should be used. Forged gate has a fairly good weight and when using insufficiently strong materials, it threatens to destroy the entire structure. For load-bearing pillars, it is better to use a profile pipe of at least 50 x 50. For it, you need to dig a hole of 1 meter and half fill it with stones or broken bricks. This is necessary to set a very accurate size between the supporting pillars. After the work is done, the pillars are concreted and stand for one to four weeks.
Stage two
After the concrete has hardened, you can proceed with the installation of the gate. The installation process is the same as for concrete and brick frames. The leaf of the gate is installed in the opening and, with the help of measuring tools, it is evenly set and strengthened. After using the welding machine, the loops are welded and the work can be considered completed.
Stage three
Since the structure is metal, after welding, it must be protected from corrosion. To do this, with the help of a grinder, it is necessary to clean the surfaces of welding and poles from rust and scale and paint them, having previously treated them with a primer.