Homemade lifting devices are now becoming more and more popular. During construction, when working in a garage, you often have to move loads heavy weight... In construction, manual transportation takes considerable time and it is not always possible to install ramps or scaffolding. In any case, it is much easier and more efficient to use lifts.
Crane diagram
The same applies to the automotive theme, a garage with a lift is much more convenient to operate. The simplest lifts are an ordinary beam, rigidly fixed at one end, and a movable block is installed at the other end. A rope is thrown over the block, with the help of which the weights are tightened by hand.
Such homemade lift quite simple to manufacture, but from a practical point of view, it is very inconvenient. Firstly, the load is still lifted manually, and secondly, dismantling and installing a beam from one place to another takes even more time than simply dragging weights. Similar mechanisms are used in log houses.
Materials and tools:
- pole supports;
- wooden top beam;
- metal guide;
- wheel pulley;
- bearings;
- chain hoist;
- sprains;
- pulley;
- welding machine.
If the question of how to make a log lift yourself makes you think, then here is a fairly simple solution. On 2 vertically dug pillars, an upper beam is installed with a length slightly longer than the length of the future structure. This clearance makes it possible to drag logs directly from the stack to the installation site.
The wooden beam must be provided from above with a metal guide along which the mechanism will move. Further, the technology is simple, the wheel-pulley on the bearing is connected to the L-shaped metal part, to the other end of which a hand chain hoist with a carrying capacity of at least 750 kg is attached. This minimum is explained by the fact that the weight of a thirty-centimeter-wide log house ranges from 270 to 400 kg, depending on the moisture content of the wood.
The pillars for such a structure must be at least 20 cm in diameter, and the beam, based on the load, is a bar of at least 15X20 cm in cross section.
The guide is a piece of reinforcement, to which, at equal distances, no more than half a meter, the tips of the nails are welded. They will attach the guide to the wooden beam.
The beam is fixed a couple of tens of cm away from the posts in order to avoid coupling the transport device and the post.
To strengthen the structure, spacers are installed on the nailed beam. If the height of the pillars is 4-5 m, then for stability they must be dug into the ground by 1 m and spacers must be installed on the side to which the beam is shifted.
The pulley, preferably with sides, is put on the guide and the lift is ready for operation.
Homemade crane
For individual construction, you cannot do without a crane, which can also be made, if necessary, with your own hands.
A home-made crane will help to mount ceilings, foundations and all other structural elements, due to its ability to fall below the zero mark by 2.5 m and rise to a height of about 2 m.
Such a crane allows you to transport cargo over a distance of 3 m. For home construction, the proposed possibilities should be sufficient.
This design does not provide for a slewing mechanism, since the crane is not designed for loads of more than 300 kg and is easily rotated manually along with the entire structure.
In order to do crane do it yourself, you will need:
- 4 telescopic tubes with an outer diameter of 140 mm,
- three-meter I-beam,
- metal corners for supporting structures,
- telpher or hand winch.
Homemade crane
Telescopic pipes are welded in pairs to the ends of beams, consisting of two adjoining corners 1.5 and 0.5 m long, thus, 2 U-shaped structures are obtained, which are welded with a beam along the base for stability and reinforced with triangular spacers.
Additional support angles are welded to the smaller frame, which will serve as the rear support of the crane, to prevent the future lifting device from tipping over.
Bottom center horizontal beams an I-beam is welded so that the smaller frame is on the edge of the I-beam, and the larger one is a little further 1.5 m from the smaller one.
A winch is attached to the lower part of the I-beam, which will be a horizontal mobile device, while a telescopic system will help to move loads in a vertical direction.
Lift in the garage
How to make a homemade garage lift? Motorists often resort to self-repair vehicle, and removing a car engine by hand is not an easy task.
For such purposes, it is simply necessary to have a garage lift, even if it is made by hand. The collapsible beam crane system does not take up much space, and is made from:
- cross tube,
- square racks on triangular supports equipped with casters,
- manual winch.
The pipe is inserted into fasteners welded to the top of the uprights and secured with bolts. The winch is welded to the vertical post, and 2 rollers are welded to the beam, along which the cable from the winch moves. The winch in the garage is also easy to do with your own hands.
After using the homemade crane, the beam is disassembled into 2 supports and a crossbeam, which are placed in any corner of the garage. The advantage of such a crane-beam is that its creation does not require special skills and materials, everything can be found at hand.
In addition, the crane beam will allow you to lift and transport loads up to 800 kg within the garage.
Homemade garage winch. The design of the winch assumes the presence of a drum with a cable, which is attached to the shaft to a frame made of square pipes. A large sprocket is attached to the outer edge of the drum, and a small one on a chain drive is attached to an electric drive. If the winch is planned to be manual, then a handle is attached to the shaft on which the drum is fixed.
Car lift in the garage. To fix a car in the garage, a pit or overpass should be provided, but it is easier to organize a lift. Although this is a rather risky undertaking, equipping a lift in the garage with your own hands makes a practical and economic sense.
The simplest car lift is the already described overhead crane with a winch, in which case, after lifting to the required height, the car is placed on platforms. But there is a risk of the rope breaking, so there is another garage lift.
To make a scissor lift you will need:
- channel bars from which the platform and base are made,
and for the manufacture of scissors are suitable:
- I-beams,
- hydraulic cylinder,
- bushings,
- pump,
- distributor for two sections.
The beams are held together by bushings on the scissor principle, and a hydraulic cylinder with a handle helps to raise the scissors to the desired height.
To service the car in the station conditions Maintenance a bunch of special equipment is used, from a penny to very expensive, completely inaccessible to a private master or simply to a vehicle owner who is used to servicing the car with his own hands. There are very highly specialized devices that can be useful to a private trader once or twice a year. And there are those without which any repair or prevention is simply impossible. Car lifts are exactly the case.
Why is it needed
Buying it in most cases does not make sense. Both in terms of finance and in terms of free space in the garage. Although, for car owners who have a large garage workshop, its presence is already a huge plus.
First, let's not complicate our life and dig a viewing ditch, which, in principle, gives nothing but access to the bottom. However, in the case of a lift of any type, we get a certain benefit:
Market prices
In a word, there are many advantages, but the price bites. For example, one of the most reliable types, a scissor, costs between 150-220 thousand rubles. The price bites, especially if you have to service a ten-year-old nine, which costs three times less. And the quality of cheap products leaves much to be desired, and more or less serious models can be bought already from 300 thousand.
In order not to spend such an amount, it is quite possible to do it yourself. It is worth familiarizing yourself with the factory samples and weighing the pros and cons, which we will now do. We have placed some drawings and diagrams of scissor devices on the page and they, perhaps, will push on the necessary design idea. It is clear that it makes no sense to copy the dimensions from the diagrams, since the conditions are different, as well as different requirements for the mechanism.
equipment requirements
First of all, this equipment will need the ability to lift the machine to such a height at which it is convenient to maintain it. You can just raise it, or you can raise it to full human height. The second and, perhaps, the most important requirement for it is to ensure the complete safety of people and the integrity of the car. We will not give sad examples, but, unfortunately, they do exist.
In addition, it is necessary to think over the drive and the system of the lifting mechanism, think over the control, adjustment and fastening to the garage floor. By the way, most of the factory products are tightly attached to the floor anchors and concreted. This is necessary to prevent rollover and reduce the risk of injury and damage to property, however, there are also self-propelled hydraulic lifts.
Drive and lift
The drive of all hoists can be both hydromechanical and electromechanical. In the first case, to raise the overpass or table, it is used Electrical engine with pump and hydraulic cylinder system. Its principle of operation is quite simple and it is clear from the diagrams and the given drawings. As a rule, a 380 Volt three-phase electric motor is used for the operation of the hydraulic station of the lift, and the hydraulic fittings must be strictly adjusted in parameters depending on the expected load.
Low-cost hydroelectric power plants also operate from a 24-volt electric motor, but their carrying capacity is severely limited, and reliability, based on the country of manufacture, is incredibly low. That is why it will be much more rational and cheaper to assemble it yourself than to buy Chinese scrap metal, although the manufacturer differs from the manufacturer.
Video tutorial
Be that as it may, but the design and technological engineering calculations must be approached very seriously. So, it will be necessary to calculate the minimum cross-section of the beams, the calculation of the axes of the hydraulic cylinders, the selection of hydraulic cylinders according to the capacity and the length of the rod, to choose the right hydraulic pump and control system. Special attention when designing, they pay attention to safety and emergency mechanisms for raising / lowering the car.
The task is quite difficult, but solvable. With the materials and knowledge, you can build a small scissor lift that will be useful not only to you, but also to your friends and neighbors. Happy design!
And not to buy it in a special equipment store. This is an understandable desire: the cost of such equipment may not be much less than the cost of your car, while it will be rarely used (only if you are not going to open a service station in the garage).
An idea arose, a desire too, now it's time select the design of the device to be created... To do this, you should pay attention to factory-made elevators presented on the special equipment market, "peep" their device and imagine if you can do something like that.
Most likely, you will be the first to see two-post lift, which can be found in almost every body shop. This type of device can be equipped with an electromechanical or electro-hydraulic drive.
In the first case inside each rack there is a threaded shaft rotated by an electric motor with a gearbox. A bearing nut is located on the threaded shaft, which moves along it and, accordingly, raises and lowers the "paws" on which the car is supported.
In a two-column electro-hydraulic In the elevator, the shaft is replaced by a hydraulic drive, the pressure in which is generated by an electric motor.
Exists other options for a similar design but with one, three or four posts.
Another type of lift - scissor where a platform with a system of levers (called "scissors") is raised and lowered using hydraulic actuators powered by electric motors.
When creating such designs, you can face many questions and problems that need to be solved. First of all, it is work safety- no one wants to receive a serious injury or injury due to a broken lift on one not very successful day.
Therefore, you should choose the materials and design of the device so that it can withstand the weight of the car, while with a solid margin.
It is also worth taking care of the manufacture of locking mechanisms., allowing you to keep the car in place in emergency situations with a lift.
And in order to prevent the latter, you need to regularly inspect them: for an electromechanical drive, you need to check the wear of the threaded shaft and bearing nut, for an electro-hydraulic drive, you need to check the integrity of the hoses and cylinders.
AND main problem faced by those wishing to make a two-post or scissor car lift do it yourself - the complexity of manufacturing and the high cost of parts. At home, it is almost impossible to create a long threaded shaft, the selection of cylinders and hydraulic hoses is a difficult matter, and they do not differ in cheapness.
But there is a simpler and more suitable for manufacturing in garage conditions version of the car lift, which turns the car on its side at an angle of 45 ° -60 ° and is called tipper... Let's take a closer look at it and see what and how it can be made.
Making a tipper with your own hands
How to make a lift in the garage with your own hands? Lift-tipper consists of several parts: A-pillar, shoe, platform, top, bottom and rear beams and connecting elements between them.
For manufacturing, you need 4 mm thick steel sheets, corners, bushings, fasteners and tools for welding, cutting and drilling metal.
The first stage of tipper production- a shoe that serves as a supporting surface for the jack. The shoe should be made of steel sheet as shown in the drawing, while it is very important to maintain the dimensions of the "eyelet" so that it moves freely up and down the A-pillar.
Itself the rack is made of corners 32, length 1500 mm, which are assembled into "squares" and welded. We need two such "squares" connected by segments of corners, the distance should be such that the upper beam could move between the "squares".
In their lower part, make a hole for the support pipe, then you need to make several holes at regular intervals - they are necessary for the metal fingers that will fix the shoe and the upper beam.
Second phase creating a tipper with your own hands - creating this beam and a platform for it. The platform is assembled from a steel sheet, the edges of which must either be bent in order to obtain a "box", or its sides must be welded to the cover of the "box".
In our case, the length of the platform is 350, the width is 150, and the depth is 20 millimeters. Inside the "box" you should put a piece of wood cut out according to its dimensions, it is fixed with fasteners inserted into the preliminary drilled holes in the side sheets of the site. Rubber is attached to the tree from above, an eyelet is welded to the metal from below for fastening to the upper beam and stiffeners - and that's it, the platform is ready.
The upper beam itself is assembled from two corners with a length of 1500-1700 mm, welded together into a U-shaped profile. Inside, approximately in the middle, you need to weld a metal insert, which is necessary for better fixing of the jack. Next, you need to weld a plate of the same length and height to the U-profile so that at the end you get a rectangular beam.
One end of it is tightly welded with a small plate, to which, in turn, a bushing is attached to connect to the rear beam, guides for a jack and bushings for metal stopper fingers are welded to the other end.
Next step- manufacturing of the rear beam, it is necessary to support the car from the side opposite to the overturned one. The length of the beam should be approximately equal to the length of the machine, therefore, they take four corners 32 with a length of 1500 mm, weld two into a square profile.
They should be connected to each other using a square bar inserted inside the profiles, and using rivets.
In the middle of the rear beam, it is necessary to weld a connecting node made of sheet metal... It is required to connect the rear, upper and lower beams to each other.
Many motorists were faced with the need to repair or inspect a vehicle on their own. This can be done using special observation holes or lifts. Not every driver succeeds in making a hole in the garage, and it is not always possible to get to it in a broken car. It is in this case that an autolift will come in handy, which you can do yourself or buy in a store.
Lift classification
Like other designs, these devices come in several types. They are classified by the way the car is raised (platform, scissor), and by the type of working mechanism (chain, hydraulic, screw).
The most common are fork-type screw lifts. They are able to withstand and lift a car weighing from 2000 to 3000 kilograms. At the same time, they are the most difficult to manufacture, and it is almost impossible to make them yourself. But at home, you can make a platform-type lift.
The components of such a mechanism are two beams laid on the side. They are attached to two screws for lifting, which is carried out by means of two pairs of shafts.
During lifting, the wheels of the machine are on the beams, therefore, a jack should also be used to repair the transmission. In addition to the screw mechanism, a chain drive is also used in platform lifts, but it is much more difficult to create such a device at home. Also, craftsmen make scissor-type autolifts, powered by hydraulics, but a similar device made on their own will be less safe.
Purchase or do-it-yourself production?
A person who is faced with the need to start an autolift has several options for solving this problem. New lifts of all types can be purchased in the store or purchased from a suitable used apparatus "hand-held". There is a third option - to do it yourself.
At first glance, a self-made car lift should be much cheaper than a new one, since its price does not include the salary of the worker who worked on it. But it seems so only at first glance. New Chinese car lifts will cost 90-100 thousand rubles, while materials for our own lift will cost from 100 to 120 thousand.
On the other hand, used car lifts from expensive firms can be more expensive than new Chinese lifts. Thus, the main selection criterion is the reliability of the mechanism.
At self-production the lift is taken as a basis for the scheme of loads developed by someone, on which you have to rely on the operation of the autolift. Before deciding to buy a lift and make it yourself, everyone must answer the question who he trusts more: himself or the workers of the plant and the technologies that created this or that autolift?
Video: do-it-yourself car lift.
What do you need?
If you have decided to make a lift for your car yourself, then first of all you will need a drive mechanism and a stopper. These structural elements can be found in specialized stores selling similar equipment, or in enterprises that refuse old, but working machines.
If you decide to make a scissor lift, then you should choose two hydraulic cylinders of the appropriate capacity and length. Lifts of this type are very difficult to equip with a reliable and safe stopping system. Otherwise, their manufacture is easier than the creation of alternative designs of hoists.
If you decide to make a platform lift, then it is best to look for basic spare parts in enterprises that carry out technical re-equipment of production facilities. There you can find electric motors with gearboxes.
It is worth noting that it is much easier to install stoppers on platform or fork lift trucks than on scissor lifts. For this, an oblique steel strip and a retainer with a thickness of 2-3 centimeters are enough. When starting the manufacture or operation of a homemade lifting mechanism, remember that you rely on the reliability of a self-created structure, so carefully check the performance and integrity of all its parts!
For repair and maintenance of vehicles, a lift is often required. Such a structure is designed to fix the car and raise it to a certain height, which provides access to the suspension, chassis and many other elements of the vehicle. A similar design is often found at service stations, less often in private garages due to high cost... If you wish, you can make a homemade car lift. It will be relatively inexpensive and almost in no way inferior to purchased models in terms of performance.
Choosing the most suitable design
First, you need to decide what type of construction will be created. To do this, it is enough to pay attention to the elevators of factory origin - they become the main base when creating a homemade structure.
The most widespread are:
By the way the car is raised the following types of construction are distinguished:
- Forklift.
- Scissor.
- Platform.
The force can be transmitted from a screw, chain or hydraulic drive.
A homemade do-it-yourself car lift should be created taking into account the fact that the design must be safe, securely fix the vehicle. Do not forget that during the execution of almost any work, the master is under the vehicle, the weight of which is more than a ton.
Difficulties in making the lift
The installed car can break down for the following reasons:
Difficulties in manufacturing arise due to the fact that some structural elements cannot be made by hand. An example is long lead screws. Therefore, they rarely make a do-it-yourself scissor lift. Blueprints homemade designs often provide for the creation of a tipper, which is much easier to manufacture. DIY scissor lift drawings, if necessary, can be downloaded on the Internet, but it should be borne in mind that most of the parts will have to be purchased, due to which the cost finished structure will not decrease. In addition, you will have to miscalculate the strength of all elements used.
Such work can only be performed with high quality by an engineer who has extensive experience. If mistakes are made at the time of calculations, it is likely that lifting mechanism will not withstand the load exerted. Therefore, in the absence of confidence that the skills and knowledge will be enough to implement a complex project, it is best to create less complex mechanisms that will have more reliability.
DIY car lift in the garage can be made as follows:
This design is most suitable for lifting the engine and other heavy equipment. It is less suitable for lifting a vehicle.
In conclusion, we note that it is almost impossible to create a classic lifting device from scrap materials, which is found at a service station. A tipper can be created to work with the chassis or the underside of the vehicle.