Biology test questions. Sample test questions in biology for university applicants

The 2019 state final certification in biology for graduates of the 9th grade of general educational institutions is carried out in order to assess the level of general education of graduates in this discipline. The tasks test knowledge of the following sections of biology:

The role of biology in the formation of the modern natural-science picture of the world, in practical activities of people.
The cellular structure of organisms as evidence of their relationship, the unity of living nature.
signs of organisms. Unicellular and multicellular organisms. Kingdom of Bacteria. Mushroom Kingdom.
Kingdom of Plants.
Kingdom Animals.
The general plan of the structure and processes of life. The similarity of man with animals and the difference from them. Reproduction and development of the human body.
Neurohumoral regulation of vital processes of the body.
support and movement.
Internal environment.
Transport of substances.
Nutrition. Breath.
Metabolism. Selection. Body covers.
Sense organs.
Psychology and human behavior.
Compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards and rules of a healthy lifestyle. Techniques for providing first aid.
Influence environmental factors on organisms.
Ecosystem organization of wildlife. Biosphere. The doctrine of the evolution of the organic world.

In this section you will find online tests to help you prepare for passing the OGE(GIA) in biology. We wish you success!

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2019 format in biology contains two parts. The first consists of 28 tasks with a short answer, the second - of 4 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e., the first 28 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, only 22 of these questions offer answers. But for the convenience of passing the tests, the site administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in biology contains two parts. The first consists of 28 tasks with a short answer, the second - of 4 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e., the first 28 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, only 22 of these questions offer answers. But for the convenience of passing the tests, the site administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2017 format in biology contains two parts. The first consists of 28 tasks with a short answer, the second - of 4 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e., the first 28 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, only 22 of these questions offer answers. But for the convenience of passing the tests, the site administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2016 format in biology contains two parts. The first consists of 28 tasks with a short answer, the second - of 4 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e., the first 28 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, only 22 of these questions offer answers. But for the convenience of passing the tests, the site administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2015 format in biology contains two parts. The first consists of 28 tasks with a short answer, the second - of 4 tasks with a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (i.e., the first 28 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, only 22 of these questions offer answers. But for the convenience of passing the tests, the site administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), the number of answer options has been significantly increased in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

one correct option.

When completing tasks A1-A24, select only one correct option.

Biology - a set of sciences about wildlife. Its name comes from Greek words"bios" - life and "logos" - teaching.

The subject of biology studies the structure and functions of living beings, their origin, development and distribution, natural communities, their relationship with each other and environment. All organisms that make up living nature - plants, animals and humans, are considered by biology in their historical development, movement, change and complication.

Suggested tests include questions on general biology, botany, zoology, anatomy, human physiology and hygiene, the basics of genetics, ecology and the biosphere, used when passing the exam and at entrance exams to medical universities.

The biology test consists

of 10 questions randomly selected from the database,

based on source

Bogdanova T.L. Biology. Tasks and exercises. Allowance for entering universities. M., Higher School, 1991

When completing the test, mark, in your opinion, the correct answers to the questions presented and click the "Finish" button at the bottom of the page. The test is considered passed with 100% correct answers submitted within 10 minutes.

The test is completely free

does not require registration, sending SMS, phone number, etc.

Thanks, comments and suggestions are accepted on the forum

Understanding the mechanism of mitosis, indirect cell division, is of great importance for passing the exam in biology for a high score. Knowledge of how mitosis occurs is required not only to answer many test tasks, but also for solving problems in cytology (question 27). In these tests, only some of the tasks that consider mitosis are presented, but for the entire the history of the exam there were a lot of them. Mitosis is directly related to meiosis. Complex life cycles different organisms contain a regular alternation of the processes of mitosis and meiosis.

The process of meiosis, reduction cell division, is understood by many students even worse than mitosis. It has more phases - 8, not 4, as in mitosis. In addition, for living organisms, it has an even more important and subtle meaning. When answering USE assignments it is required to explain the events of meiosis in detail and in detail. Specifics are important, not generalities. Examples of questions regarding meiosis: “Which chromosomes are characterized by independent segregation? What significance does it have?”, “Why are the causes of combinative variability also laid down in meiosis?”.

Ontogeny is the most important topic in biology, considering the processes of development of living organisms. Here, try to answer the questions without hesitation: “In which organisms did the third germ layer appear for the first time in the process of evolution? What organs and systems developed from it? Are you having trouble?

Genetics is one of the most complex branches of biology. According to the state program, about 4-5 months are allotted for the study of genetics at school, its foundations are laid already in the 9th grade, the course continues in the 10-11th grades. For the Unified State Examination in Biology, a lot of problems in genetics have been developed, which are placed in the very last question number 40. Is it possible to solve problems perfectly without a deep understanding of the theory? Certainly not. These tests will help you understand the difficulties of genetics.

To understand the stages of evolution, knowledge of zoology and botany is very important. But they alone are not enough. You need to understand the connections between various organisms, draw conclusions about when historical development there were complications in the structure and functions. Any stage of evolution could be characterized by various directions - aromorphosis, idioadaptation, general degeneration. Hundreds and thousands of different groups of living organisms have undergone these trends for many millions of years. What are their features? What significance do they have for evolution? Test yourself!

To understand the process of evolution, knowledge of zoology and botany is important, but that's not all. It is necessary to trace the connections between various organisms, to be able to draw conclusions about at what point in historical development complications in structure and functions appeared. Any stage of evolution could be characterized by different directions: aromorphosis, idioadaptation, general degeneration... Hundreds and thousands of different groups of living organisms developed in these ways over many millions of years. What are their features? What significance do they have for evolution? Test yourself!

The topic "Brain" is one of the most interesting and difficult in biology. Structure nervous system of a person is traditionally poorly understood by students due to the large amount of information. The nervous system controls a huge number of body structures. Examples of USE questions on this topic: “What proportion of the brain is responsible for final formation visual sensations?”, “What part of the brain regulates body temperature and is the center of thirst, satiety?”, “Where are the centers that control human conscious behavior?”, “What is the function of the midbrain?”, “Which human brain controls metabolism? ".

Misunderstanding of the difference between the structures of the autonomic and somatic nervous systems is typical for many students. When answering an exam, this can be critical. So, in the second part of the tasks of the USE in 2016, the developers created new questions in which it was necessary to indicate the location of the nuclei and nodes of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. These questions, first of all, require knowledge basic concepts section "Nervous system", such as "dendrite", "neuron body", "axon". Well, for a deep understanding of the topic, you need to know the functions of all parts of the nervous system. Work with online tests and improve your knowledge.

This test will help you determine your baseline. It includes questions only on general biology.

1. Calcium ions are responsible for:
1) Immunity
2) Blood clotting
3) Transport of gases
4) Nutrient transport

2. Biological catalysts (enzymes) by their nature are:
1) lipids
2) proteins
3) carbohydrates
4) vitamins

3. Biological oxidation in the cell occurs:
1) in the cell center
2) in the cytoplasm
3) in mitochondria
4) in the core

4. Genetic material in a eukaryotic cell contains:
1) in the core
2) in the cytoplasm
3) in the cell center
4) in the membrane

5. Photosynthesis happens
1) in plants
2) in bacteria
3) in mushrooms
4) in plants and bacteria

6. When doubling DNA, opposite adenine is located:
1) uracil
2) thymine
3) guanine
4) cytosine

7. As a result of mitosis, the following is formed:
1) two different cells
2) two identical cells
3) four identical cells
4) four different cells

8. The totality of all the genes of the body:
1) phenotype
2) genotype
3) crossing over
4) chromosome

9. According to Mendel's 2nd law, splitting occurs in the ratio:
1) 1:1
2) 2:1
3) 3:1
4) 4:1

10. Form of natural selection, in which the value of the mean changes:
1) driving
2) stabilizing
3) interspecies
4) intraspecific

11. The theory of abiogenic synthesis of organic substances was proposed by:
1) J-B. Lamarck
2) L. Pasteur
3) A.I. Oparin
4) K. Linnaeus

12. In the Mesozoic era, the Earth was dominated by:
1. amphibians
2. reptiles
3. birds
4. mammals

13. The cat family and the canine family unite
1) genus carnivores
2) predatory detachment
3) class predatory
4) type predatory

14. Functions of water in a cell:
1) reaction medium
2) thermoregulation
3) solvent
4) everything is correct

15. Cholesterol is:
1) carbohydrate
2) protein
3) lipid
4) nucleic acid

16. Protein biosynthesis occurs:
1) in the membrane
2) in ribosomes
3) in the core
4) in the cytoplasm

17. Animal cage DOES NOT contain:
1. lysosomes
2. plastids
3. ribosomes
4. cell center

18. Chemosynthesis is possible:
1) in mushrooms
2) in bacteria
3) in plants
4) in animals

19. The composition of the DNA molecule is NOT included
1) cytosine
2) adenine
3) uracil
4) thymine

20. As a result of meiosis, the following are formed:
1. two identical cells
2. two different cages
3. four absolutely identical cells
4. four different cages

21. The totality of all signs of the body:
1. genotype
2. phenotype
3. genome
4. gene

22. According to Mendel's 3rd law, splitting occurs in the ratio:
1. 9:3:3:1
2. 1:1:1:1
3. 9:7
4. 9:6:1

23. Polyploidy is:
1. gene mutation
2. chromosomal mutation
3. genomic mutation

24. A group of organisms similar in structure, origin and habitat is called:
1. population
2. view
3. native
4. breed

25. Evolutionary factors include:
1. genetic drift
2. insulation
3. natural selection
4. everything is correct

26. In the Cenozoic era, the Earth is dominated by:
1) mammals
2) reptiles
3) birds
4) amphibians
27. Taxonomy in modern form founded:
1) Ch. Darwin
2) K. Linney
3) J-B. Lamarck
4) V.I. Vernadsky

28. . The macroelements of the cell include:
1) fluorine, iodine, sodium, magnesium
2) carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen
3) gold, platinum, silver

29. Glycogen is
1) lipid
2) protein
3) carbohydrate
4) inorganic matter

thirty . Transcription takes place:
1) on the membrane
2) in the core
3) in the cytoplasm
4) in the vacuole

31. Plant cell DOES NOT contain:
1) vacuole
2) chloroplasts
3) cell center
4) shell

32. Animals include:
1) to autotrophic organisms
2) to photosynthetic organisms
3) to heterotrophic organisms

33. When DNA is duplicated, guanine is located opposite
1) adenine
2) thymine
3) cytosine
4) uracil

34. Asexual reproduction occurs:
1) disputes
2) division
3) budding
4) everything is correct

35. Allelic genes are:
1) genes responsible for the development of various traits
2) genes responsible for the same development of one trait
3) genes responsible for alternative development
one sign

36. According to the 1st law of Mendel:
1) in F1 all hybrids are different
2) in F1 all hybrids are the same
3) 3:1 splitting occurs in F1
4) 1:1 splitting occurs in F1

37. The forms of struggle for existence include:
1) interspecific struggle
2) intraspecific struggle
3) both answers are correct

38. The direction of evolution, in which there is a qualitative complication of organisms:
1) idioadaptation
2) aromorphosis
3) general degeneration

39. Amphibians dominated the Earth:
1) in the Archean era
2) in the Mesozoic era
3) in the Paleozoic era
4) in the Cenozoic era

40. The squad of rodents and the squad of insectivores unite:
1) chordate class
2) chordate family
3) class mammals
4) type of mammals

41. Iron ions are part of:
1) insulin
2) growth hormone
3) vitamin A
4) hemoglobin

42. Starch is:
1) carbohydrate
2) fat
3) protein
4) vitamin

43. During the oxygen breakdown of glucose, the following is formed:
1) lactic acid
2) glycogen
3) oxygen
4) first PVC, then - carbon dioxide and water

44. A bacterial cell does NOT contain:
1) membrane
2) cytoplasm
3) core
45. When DNA is duplicated, opposite cytosine is located:
1) guanine
2) thymine
3) adenine
4) uracil

46. Types of sexual reproduction:
1) hermaphroditism
2) dichotomy
3) parthenogenesis
4) everything is correct

47. Gamete purity rule:
1) each gamete carries only one of the allelic genes
2) each gamete carries two allelic genes
3) each gamete carries three allelic genes
4) each gamete carries four allelic genes

48. Color blindness is a disease transmitted through:
1) food and water
2) X chromosome
3) Y chromosome
4) by airborne droplets

49. The fitness of organisms is:
1) relative nature
2) absolute character
3) in some species - an absolute character, in others - a relative one
4) all options are wrong

50. The foundations of modern evolutionary theory were laid by:
1) K. Linnaeus
2) Ch. Darwin
3) L. Pasteur
4) I. Sechenov

51. At present, the following invertebrates dominate on Earth:
1) worms
2) insects
3) protozoa
4) coelenterates