It cannot be said that on the eve of the New Year, everyone, except children, is in a good high spirits. The past year turned out to be too full of sad and sad incidents. Does not add joy and that next year will be a leap year. However, it is not recommended to celebrate the holiday with such a gloomy mood, so let's try to think rationally about how real our fears are when trying to consider the near future. It is possible that thanks to this, the coming 12 months will not seem so gloomy.
Leap year - what does it mean, is it good or bad?
If the second month of winter has 29 days instead of 28, then the year is called a leap year. It appears due to a small discrepancy in our astronomical calendar of the number of days with the actual time during which our planet makes a complete circuit around the Sun. Since this happens in 365 days and 6 hours, the “tail” that does not fit scientific world it was decided to take into account in the "extra" day of February.
A leap year means that February of that year is one day longer.
In fact, an extra day in the year has no effect on the outside world, since its appearance is a tribute to convention. If negative changes took place in the lives of people, countries on the eve of a leap year, then the educated tendency, if countermeasures are not taken, will continue due to circumstances and further, and not because of an “extra” day.
However, people who are distrustful of any changes in life tend to "look for an elephant in every fly" and expect bad things at every opportunity. Due to this, in a leap year, many see social and political troubles. It is logical to assume that with such an attitude, the execution of any large-scale affairs for many will be carried out with insufficient zeal and, as a result, the standard of living will definitely decrease from this. As a result, the leap year will be blamed for the worsened state of affairs, and not their carelessness.
wedding during this period
In the old days, in a leap year, professional matchmakers were left without work, because the girls were given the right to independently choose a spouse. It is possible that this is precisely why the expression “you cannot marry” was born - as an indication of the fact that when a family was formed, the initiative was transferred to women. Over time, the essence of the tradition was lost, but a warning rule appeared that did not recommend starting a family in a year whose February has 29 days. Since it was believed that a married couple was expected:
- unstable financial situation,
- unhappy life together.
Interestingly, divorce in a non-standard year is also not recommended. According to forecasts, such couples are guaranteed a lack of personal happiness in the future. But for the most determined connoisseurs of traditional recommendations, a loophole has been left:
If a spouse released from marital obligations comes to church with a towel and utters the cherished words “I pay tribute to the leap year, and you, family angel, stand next to me.”
That is, there is a chance that the one who performed the rite will still be able to find his true "native" soul mate.
Even for those who get married in the church, a verbal amulet has been invented, which must be pronounced by the priest performing the ceremony. It sounds like this: "I crown with a crown, and not with a leap end."
Birth of a child
Superstition favors newborns in a leap year, promising a good fate in all respects. So you need boldly, then two.
What does it mean to be born in a long year?
Omens regarding people born in a leap year, oddly enough, are very favorable. Such people are prophesied luck in business, an easy fate. Those who were born on a rare day in February are credited with beyond possibility: the gift of divination.
For those born on a “strange day”, this actually means that every three years in a row, legal name days will have to be celebrated either on February 28 or March 1.
What can and cannot be done in a year with 29 days in February?
You cannot do:
- For a taboo on a haircut (In order not to harm the health of the unborn child).
- Those planning new events, business projects, talk about plans. (However, if the intentions cannot be notified to the partners, then what business will get off the ground?).
- To drown the kittens. (No comments).
- Sell any domestic animals (Then the livestock farmers will definitely seem hungry for a year).
- Caroling. (Otherwise, a person may be exposed to circumstances under the influence of which he will change greatly).
- Lay the foundation of the house, build a bath. Otherwise, everything erected will soon become unusable or disappear due to fire. (Apparently, in some cities for a decade the leap year has firmly established itself and is not going to leave).
- Change place of residence, source of income.
- Celebrate the "First Tooth" holiday. (As a punishment for non-compliance with the recommendation, you can get bad teeth for life).
- Go out on a quiet hunt for mushrooms. (Experienced connoisseurs say that every four years the mycelium is updated, which negatively affects the quality even good mushrooms- they become unfit for food. However, on which stump to read in what years the local mycelium experienced the process of rejuvenation?).
- Prepare funeral equipment for the future.
- Travel far from home. If you can’t get away from the journey, you need to pronounce a special conspiracy. Or just wish yourself a mental quick and safe return to the same house - if there is a desire to return to it.
You can and should do:
- Burn the old slippers, and put a new pair in their place. It is recommended to burn your used slippers, pronouncing phrases with the wish to burn in the observed fire to all troubles and misfortunes.
- Thank you at new year's eve the forces of the Cosmos for all the good things that happened in the past year, household members, luck in business.
- Hearing a dog howl at any distance from you, you need to say: "Go howl, but not to my house."
- Planting a garden with seedlings, sowing seeds, say something like: “I plant, but I won’t go into the ground.” (Maybe it’s better not to spend all your free time in the garden and take a break sometimes?).
What is dangerous this year?
In fact: what you want, that's what you expect.
People who believe in the unfavorable aura of a leap year are preparing to receive from it:
- complications in the life of a country and a person in particular (due to political or religious instability, which, as a rule, affects household level citizens of the state and the world);
- crop problems (unpredictable frosts, problems with precipitation, excessive solar activity, migration of crop-damaging insects);
- difficulties in concluding partnership agreements, delays in terms of previously concluded agreements;
- health problems, reduced immune forces.
It is dangerous because, having succumbed to the influence of superstitions, a person will begin to lead a less active position. Because of this, even when he can refuse a good career offer, business project, partnership or marital relationship. And good chances in any field don't happen all that often.
Therefore, it is up to you to choose: to build your life with an eye on ancient superstitions that can exist today in the form of concepts that distort the real essence, or to approach the solution of existing problems in an adult way.
Considering the growing popularity of all kinds of negative predictions during periods of financial crises, with the intensification of political confrontations on the world stage, it can be assumed that next year many of the people around will fall into a kind of somnambulistic state and will show low social activity.
The following benefits can be derived from this:
Take a better look at the environment: employees, associates and partners who will make fateful decisions without making allowances for the superstitious restrictions that exist for 2016 are the main driving backbone of your business.
Such people do not draw conclusions on the basis of unsubstantiated conclusions, but are guided by purely facts. An exception can be made only for people - if there are such people in your circle - who really have super abilities and pump the necessary information, as they say, “out of thin air”. Although in reality they are most likely just great analysts.
Concluding contracts with new partners, first try to find out their ins and outs in their personal lives. If it turns out that a person is superstitious by nature, then:
- you can take on the role of a superbeing and make sure that the desired partner now and then catches the eye of “signs” indicating great benefits for him in cooperation with you;
- be prepared for the fact that a change in the terms of the agreements may occur unexpectedly, since the representative on the other side will dream something wrong, dream.
Did you know that not every 4th year is a leap year? Why is a leap year considered unlucky, and what signs are associated with it?
What does leap year mean?
1. A leap year is a year with 366 days instead of 365 as usual. An extra day in a leap year is added in February - February 29 (leap day).The extra day in a leap year is necessary because it takes just over 365 days to complete one revolution around the Sun, or rather 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds.
Humans once followed a calendar of 355 days with an extra month of 22 days every two years. But in 45 B.C. Julius Caesar, together with the astronomer Sosigenes, decided to simplify the situation, and the Julian 365-day calendar was developed with an extra day every 4 years to compensate for the extra hours.
This day was added in February as it used to be last months in the Roman calendar.
2. This system was supplemented by Pope Gregory XIII (who introduced the Gregorian calendar), who introduced the term "leap year" and declared that a year that is a multiple of 4 and a multiple of 400, but not a multiple of 100, is a leap year.
So according to the Gregorian calendar, 2000 was a leap year, but 1700, 1800 and 1900 were not.
What are leap years in the 20th and 21st centuries?
1904, 1908, 1912, 1916, 1920, 1924, 1928, 1932, 1936, 1940, 1944, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1964, 1968, 1972, 1976, 1980, 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016, 2020, 2024, 2028, 2032, 2036, 2040, 2044, 2048, 2052, 2056, 2060, 2064, 2068, 2072, 2076, 2080, 2084, 2088, 2092, 2096February 29 - leap day
3. February 29 is considered the only day when a woman can propose marriage to a man. The tradition began in 5th century Ireland when Saint Brigid complained to Saint Patrick that women had to wait too long for a proposal from worshipers. Then he gave women one day in a leap year - the last day in the very short month so that the fair sex can propose to a man.
According to legend, Brigitte immediately knelt down and proposed to Patrick, but he refused, kissing her on the cheek, and offered her a silk dress to soften the refusal.
4. According to another version, this tradition appeared in Scotland, when Queen Margaret, at the age of 5, announced in 1288 that a woman can propose to any man she likes on February 29th.
She also made it a rule that those who refused had to pay a fine in the form of a kiss, a silk dress, a pair of gloves, or money. To warn fans in advance, a woman was supposed to wear trousers or a red petticoat on the day of the proposal.
In Denmark, a man who refuses a woman's marriage proposal must provide her with 12 pairs of gloves, and in Finland, fabric for a skirt.
Leap year wedding
5. One in five couples in Greece avoid getting married on a leap year, as it is believed to bring bad luck. In Italy, it is believed that in a leap year a woman becomes unpredictable, and at this time there is no need to plan important events. So, according to the Italian proverb "Anno bisesto, anno funesto". ("Leap year is a doomed year").
February 29
6. The chances of being born on February 29 are 1 in 1461. Around the world, about 5 million people were born on a leap day. 7. For many centuries, astrologers believed that children born on a leap day have unusual talents, a unique personality, and even special powers. Among famous people born on February 29, one can name the poet Lord Byron, the composer Gioachino Rossini, the actress Irina Kupchenko.
8. In Hong Kong, the official birthday for those born on February 29th is March 1st in normal years, while in New Zealand it is February 28th. If you time it right, then traveling from one country to another, you can celebrate the longest birthday in the world.
9. The city of Anthony in Texas, USA is the self-proclaimed "leap year capital of the world." A festival is held here every year, where those who wish from all over the world, born on February 29, gather.
10. The record for the largest number of generations born on a leap day belongs to the Keogh family.
Peter Anthony Keogh was born February 29, 1940 in Ireland, his son Peter Eric was born February 29, 1964 in the UK, and his granddaughter Bethany Wealth was born February 29, 1996.
11. Karin Henriksen from Norway holds the world record for having the most children on a leap day.
Her daughter Heidi was born on February 29, 1960, her son Olav on February 29, 1964, and her son Lief-Martin on February 29, 1968.
12. In the traditional Chinese, Jewish and ancient Indian calendar, not a leap day is added to the year, but a whole month. It is called the "intercalary month". It is believed that children born in a leap month are more difficult to raise. In addition, it is considered unlucky to start serious business in a leap year.
Leap year: signs and superstitions
Since ancient times, a leap year has always been considered difficult and bad for many undertakings. In folk beliefs, the leap year is associated with Saint Kasyan, who was considered evil, envious, stingy, unmerciful and brought misfortune to people. According to legend, Kasyan was a bright angel to whom God entrusted all plans and intentions. But then he went over to the side of the Devil, telling him that God intends to overthrow all satanic power from heaven.
For betrayal, God punished Kasyan, ordering him to be beaten on the forehead with a hammer for three years, and in the fourth year he was released to the ground, where he committed unkind deeds.
There are many signs associated with a leap year:
First, you can't start anything on a leap year. This applies to important matters, business, major purchases, investments and construction.
Also, in a leap year, it is not recommended to change anything, as this will not bring the desired result and can even become disastrous. During this period, do not plan to move to new house job change, divorce or marriage.
Is it possible to get married or get married on a leap year?
A leap year is considered extremely unlucky for marriage. Since ancient times, it was believed that a wedding played on a leap year would lead to an unhappy marriage, divorce, infidelity, widowhood, or the marriage itself would be short-lived. Such a superstition may be due to the fact that in a leap year, girls could marry anyone they liked. young man who could not refuse an offer. Often such marriages were forced, and therefore family life did not ask.
However, it is worth treating these signs wisely and understanding that everything depends on the spouses themselves and on how they build relationships. If you still planned a wedding, there are several ways to mitigate the "consequences":
Brides are advised to wear a long wedding dress that covers the knees to make the marriage last.
The wedding dress and other wedding accessories are not recommended to give to anyone.
The ring should be worn on the hand, not the glove, as wearing the ring on the glove will cause the spouses to take the marriage lightly
To protect the family from troubles and misfortunes, a coin was placed in the shoes of the bride and groom.
The bride must keep the spoon from which the groom ate, and on the 3rd, 7th and 40th day after the wedding, the wife had to give her husband to eat from this spoon.
What can not be done in a leap year?
· In a leap year, they do not carol at Christmas time, as it is believed that you can lose your happiness. Also, according to a sign, a caroler who dresses in an animal or a monster can take on the personality of evil spirits. · Pregnant women should not have their hair cut before childbirth, as the child may be born unhealthy.
In a leap year, you should not start building a bathhouse, which can lead to ailments.
· In a leap year, it is not recommended to tell others about your plans and intentions, as luck may turn away.
· It is not recommended to sell or exchange animals and you should not drown kittens, as this will lead to poverty.
· Do not collect mushrooms, as they are believed to become poisonous.
In a leap year, there is no need to celebrate the appearance of the first tooth in a child. According to the sign, if you invite guests, your teeth will be bad.
You can not change jobs or apartments. According to you, the new place will turn out to be bleak and restless.
· If a child was born in a leap year, he should be baptized as soon as possible, and godparents should be chosen among blood relatives.
· Elderly people should not buy things for the funeral in advance, as this may hasten death.
You can not get divorced, because in the future you will not be able to find your happiness.
There are many superstitions about certain events. A leap year is a year whose duration is 366 days instead of the usual 365. It would seem that one extra day changes, but esotericists attribute mystical properties to them. Accidents that happen, troubles - that's why a leap year is considered bad.
Since ancient times, people have been surrounded by various superstitions. Even in pagan times, time was perceived as a good and a bad phenomenon. If it was a period of change, then the change was considered to be influenced by evil. The last day of winter was endowed with sacred meaning:
- transition to summer;
- the beginning of a new agricultural cycle;
- end of the old.
Slavs celebrated New Year March 1 and even lived periods were counted according to “spring”: it’s not for nothing that “peers” are people born in the same year.
The last day of winter is the most dangerous. In terms of mythology, winter lengthens every four years and on February 29 receives special mystical rights. In the perception of people, the whole period becomes unfavorable. It is believed that at this time there is a massive sea of cattle, wars, epidemics and other troubles.
With the advent of Christianity, the situation did not change. St. Kasyan's Day was celebrated on February 29. People transferred their prejudices to him and represented him as evil, envious and a bad person. They endowed his appearance with ugliness. Appeared special signs: “Wherever Kasyan looks, everything fades” and others. To avoid misfortune, people tried not to leave their homes and not let their livestock out.
Representations in the modern world
Today, people are no less subject to various superstitions. Many well-known fortune tellers give different warnings about the upcoming leap year. Possible list of incidents:
- catastrophes;
- natural disasters;
- cataclysms.
If we turn to world history, we can find enough evidence of the danger of a leap period. So in 2000 there was a fire at the TV tower, the Kursk submarine sank and an airliner crashed near Paris.
It is not recommended to make a marriage proposal this year. Any new beginnings will end in failure. This also applies to marriage. There is a belief among the people that one who marries in the year of Kasyan will certainly become a widower. Few people know about whether it is possible to get divorced in a leap year. This is not recommended, as a person will be unhappy in a new relationship or remain lonely.
Violations of the geomagnetic environment and homeostatic field - that's why the leap year is hard. This affects sensitive people and they may experience aggression or overwork.
Behavior rules
In a leap year, it is worth adhering to certain prohibitions. This will avoid many problems. Trouble is easier to prevent.
A change of residence threatens to disrupt all plans and the appearance of obstacles - this is why you can’t move in a leap year. Experienced magicians are not advised to start building housing, as this will certainly end in an accident. Buying property won't work. The person will only lose money and time. Moving will also bring Negative consequences. Selling an apartment or renovating it is also not worth it. Any changes will turn against a person: poor-quality materials, the appearance of scammers, etc.
Some people think about whether it is possible to buy a car in a leap year. Experienced magicians do not advise doing this. It's all about Kasyan. He patronizes the envious and evil people, they can ruin the purchase.
The most difficult thing is with the birth of children: you can’t order them not to appear at a certain period. The people have an ambiguous opinion about those born at such a time. Some consider such children to be chosen and talented, others unhappy and with a difficult fate.
Those born on February 29 appear with the gift of a sorcerer or witch. They are connected with the underworld. Because of their special gift for foreseeing the future, people avoid meeting with them.
Pregnant women should not cut their hair until the very birth - it protects the baby from misfortunes and diseases. You should not celebrate the appearance of the first tooth in a child, otherwise they will be crooked and sick. Those born in Kasyanovo time need to be baptized faster.
Ways to stay out of trouble
A well-chosen talisman will protect from the evil eye. A regular shower before going to bed washes away negative energy. Be sure to wear a pectoral cross.
You can pay off the lack of money by giving the third killed (in reality modern world- bought) a bird to a neighbor. So Kasyan receives a kind of sacrifice.
Leap year (lat. bis sextus - “second sixth”) - a year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, the duration of which is 366 days - one day more than the duration of a regular, non-leap year. In the Julian calendar, a leap year is every fourth year. Gregorian calendar there are exceptions to this rule.
A year is a conventional unit of time, which historically meant a single cycle of seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter). In most countries, the calendar length of the year is 365 or 366 days. At present, the year is also used as a temporal characteristic of the revolution of planets around stars in planetary systems, in particular the Earth around the Sun.
The calendar year in the Gregorian and Julian calendars is 365 days in non-leap years and 366 days in leap years. The average length of the year is 365.2425 days for the Gregorian and 365.25 days for the Julian calendar.
The calendar year in the Islamic calendar contains 353, 354 or 355 days - 12 lunar months. The average length of the year is 354.37 days, which is less than the tropical year, and therefore Muslim holidays "roam" according to the seasons.
The calendar year in the Jewish calendar contains 353, 354 or 355 days in a simple year and 383, 384 or 385 days in a leap year. The average length of the year is 365.2468 days, which is close to the tropical year.
The length of the tropical year (the time between the two vernal equinoxes) is 365 days 5 hours 48 minutes 46 seconds. The difference in the duration of the tropical year and the average Julian calendar year (365.25 days) is 11 minutes 14 seconds. Of these 11 minutes and 14 seconds, approximately 128 years add up to one day.
As the centuries passed, a shift in the day of the vernal equinox was noticed, with which church holidays. TO XVI century the spring equinox came about 10 days earlier than March 21, used to determine the day of Easter.
To compensate for the accumulated error and avoid such a shift in the future, in 1582, Pope Gregory XIII reformed the calendar. In order to better match the average calendar year to the solar year, it was decided to change the leap year rule. As before, a year remained a leap year, the number of which is a multiple of four, but an exception was made for those that were a multiple of 100. From now on, such years were leap years only when they were also divided by 400.
In other words, a year is a leap year in two cases: either it is a multiple of 4, but not a multiple of 100, or it is a multiple of 400. A year is not a leap year if it is not a multiple of 4, or it is a multiple of 100, but not a multiple of 400.
The last years of centuries ending in two zeros are not leap years in three cases out of four. So, the years 1700, 1800 and 1900 are not leap years, since they are a multiple of 100 and not a multiple of 400. The years 1600 and 2000 are leap years, since they are a multiple of 400. The years 2100, 2200 and 2300 are non-leap years. In leap years, an extra day is introduced - February 29. The Catholic world lives on julian calendar. Unlike the Julian calendar, the Gregorian calendar takes into account only one object - the Sun.
We currently live by the Julian calendar a new style), before the revolution they lived according to the Gregorian ( old style). The difference between the old and new styles was 11 days in the 18th century, 12 days in the 19th century, and 12 days in the 20th century. XXI centuries- 13 days. In the 22nd century, this difference will already be 14 days. The Gregorian calendar was introduced with Soviet power from February 14, 1918 (after January 31, it was no longer February 1, but immediately the 14th). The last leap year was , the next one will be .
1996, 1992, 1988, 1984, 1980, 1976, 1972, 1968, 1964, 1960, 1956, 1952, 1948, 1944, 1940, 1936, 1932, 1928, 1924, 1920, 1 916, 1912, 1908, 1904, Gregorian 1900 is a non-leap year, Julian is a leap year. 1896.
Note: For most computer and mobile systems, valid dates are from December 13, 1901, 20:45:54 GMT to January 19, 2038, 03:14:07 GMT. (These dates correspond to the minimum and maximum value of a 32-bit signed integer). For Windows, valid dates are from 01-01-1970 to 01-19-2038.
We all know that a regular year has 365 days, but there is also a leap year that has 366 days. It happens once every four calendar years, and the month of February in such a year includes one more day. But why such a year is called a leap year, few people think, and today we will tell you about the origin of this name.
Origin of the name "Leap Year"
As is the case with many other names known today, the origin of the "Leap Year" originates in Latin. Such a year has long been called "Bis Sextus". The translation from Latin of this name means "Second Sixth".
It is worth noting that such a calculation of time was introduced by the Romans, and in the Roman calendar BC, the days were not considered in the same representation in which it happens today. The Romans used to calculate days in terms of the number of days left until the next month. The Romans inserted an extra day between February 23 and 24. February 24 itself was called "sektus", which meant "the sixth day before the beginning of March." In a leap year, when an extra day was inserted between February 23 and 24, February 24 came twice, which was called "bis sectus", as we have already noted - the "Second Sixth" day.
It is easy to understand that "Bis sektus" in the Slavic sense can be easily converted into "leap", because these names are consonant. However, in the modern Gregorian calendar, as you know, an additional day is inserted not between February 23 and 24, but after February 28. So, once every four years, we have the opportunity to observe on wall calendars, calendars in our computers and smartphones, the day of February 29th.
Why do we need a leap year
Having figured out why the leap year is so called, it is also necessary to conduct a short digression about why such a year exists at all, why it was introduced.
We all know that an ordinary year consists of 365 days, we are used to it, and we do not doubt this statement for a second. However, in reality it is not entirely true, since each year is equal to 365.4 days, that is, 365 days and 6 hours. Of course, such a calculation of time is very inconvenient, and it certainly leads to certain shifts in the perception of the flow of time by people. That is why scientists astronomers decided to calculate each multiple of four years in the amount of 366 days (using 4 passages of 6 hours from other years), and all the rest - exactly 365 days each.