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I would like to clarify what is possible and what is not allowed for women during menstruation. You wrote that, according to the canons, you can’t only take communion, but you can venerate icons, is it possible to do the same
— to venerate the cross, to the gospel?
There are no canons forbidding touching or kissing the cross or the Gospel during menstruation.
Is it possible to approach the anointing at the evening service?
There are no canons forbidding to be anointed with oil (consecrated oil) during menstruation.
-light candles?
Yes, you can.
- take communion with a child?
Yes, you can.
- take holy water, if not, is it possible to pour it for someone?
There are no church canons forbidding drinking holy water or being sprinkled with it during menstruation.
- Is it possible to eat the holy prosphora, is it possible to finish eating after the child?
The prosphora is directly related to Communion. This is liturgical bread, from which particles are taken out, transubstantiated into the Body of Christ. In addition, the prosphora particles distributed at the end of the service are, as it were, "Communion" for those who did not take communion ("antidor" - from the Greek άντί - "instead of" and δωρον - “gift”, i.e. "instead of the Gift", "instead of Communion"). Therefore, it seems to me that it makes sense to refrain from eating prosphora during menstruation. However, antidoron should not be eaten by those, for example, who did not observe liturgical fasting or are under a ban or excommunication from Communion.
Is it possible to be in any part of the temple? Or is it better to stand in the porch?
There is a very ancient and well-established tradition, according to which women during menstruation not only did not go to the temple, but generally avoided visiting public places. This was due to the fact that modern hygiene products appeared relatively recently, and before their appearance there was a high probability that blood would bleed on the floor. In addition to leaving behind bloody footprints in itself is not very decent, in the religious consciousness, the shedding of blood is associated with desecration. For example, if blood is shed in the church (menstrual or any other, for example, from a cut on a man’s hand), then the church must be re-consecrated.
Woman using modern hygiene products, nothing prevents you from going to public places, including the church. If a woman stands in the porch during menstruation, this is her own business; there are no church canons that would prescribe her to be there. If she comes forward and prays with everyone, there's nothing wrong with that. In this regard, it is worth noting that if a woman uses menstruation as an excuse to skip prayer and church service, and instead start doing laundry or go shopping on Sunday morning, then this is an undoubted sinful disrespect for the Lord's Day, and not the observance of some "pious" tradition.
Is it wrong to wear earrings in your ears?
No, it's not wrong. Holiness (and sinfulness) is less about what's in your ears than what's in your heart. Look, for example, at the photographs of the Holy Martyr Elizabeth Feodorovna Romanova—earrings in her ears and holiness in her eyes. Her life and death are an amazing example of holiness! So, "wearing earring" in itself is not a sin. Someone doesn’t like it—let them not wear it, it’s a matter of their taste. If you like it, wear it, there is no sin in it. But if a person is too fond of various trinkets, hairstyles and fashionable outfits If a girl is difficult to tear away from the mirror, if the only thing on her mind is how she looks, this can be a symptom of either spiritual emptiness or sinful passion that needs to be fought. But this question is no longer for the Internet, but for a personal conversation with a confessor.
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Is it wrong to wear a nose ring?
No, it's not wrong. Rebekah's foremother, the wife of Isaac's forefather, for example, wore a nose ring (Gen. 24:28, 47). Also, through the prophet Ezekiel, the Lord says: “[I] gave you a ring on your nose and earrings on your ears…” (16:12) Of course, this is a figurative description of how God cared for His people. But it is obvious that the image of the ring in the nose is positive.
Is it wrong for women to shave their hair?
No, it's not wrong. Shaving under the armpits is also not a sin.
Is it possible for a woman to touch icons during her period?
Can. Church canons they only say that women during menstruation should not take communion. There are no prohibitions on touching icons in the canons.
ATTENTION! Questions can be asked
Critical days are integral companions of a woman from the moment of puberty until the onset of menopause. Cyclic bleeding indicates health as reproductive system, and the whole body of a woman. But can this manifestation of bodily well-being affect her spiritual life? How, from the point of view of religion, is interpreted female cycle? Is it possible to read prayer during menstruation? Is it permissible to go to church when menstruating? Let's try to understand these issues, relying on the Holy Scriptures and the opinions of the Holy Fathers of the Church.
How does the church relate to menstruation according to the Old Testament
To answer the question of whether it is possible to go to church with menstruation, it is necessary to understand the view of the Orthodox Church on this physiological phenomenon.
Sin of Eve and Adam
According to the Old Testament, menstruation is the punishment for the human race for the fall into which Eve pushed Adam. Having tasted the fruit of the forbidden tree on the advice of the Serpent Tempter, the first of the people, having seen their physicality, lost their angelic spirituality. The woman, revealing the weakness of the spirit, doomed the human race to eternal suffering.
In the third chapter of Genesis Old Testament, after Adam and Eve saw their nakedness and confessed their deed to God, the Creator said to the Woman: “I will make your pregnancy painful, in pain you will give birth to children.”
Later, many biblical scholars of antiquity were inclined to believe that not only the hardships of pregnancy and the pain of childbirth became a punishment for the female half of the human race for the sin of disobedience, but also menstruation is a monthly reminder of the loss of the former angelic nature.
Answering the question: “Is it possible to go to the temple with menstruation?” from the point of view of the Old Testament theologians, one can say with confidence: “No!”. Moreover, any of the daughters of Eve, who disregards this prohibition, defiles Holy place and plunges his race into the abyss of sin.
Symbol of death
Many theologians are inclined to personify the monthly blood not with the sacrament of birth, but with a systematic reminder to the human race of its mortality. The body is a temporary vessel filled with the Holy Spirit. Only by constantly remembering the imminent demise of “matter”, you tirelessly improve the spiritual principle.
The ban on visiting the temple during menstruation is closely related to the processes that give rise to the appearance of bloody discharge. During menstruation, the body rejects the unfertilized egg. This process, quite physiological from the point of view of medicine, in religion borders on the death of a potential fetus, and hence the soul, in the mother's womb. According to the religious dogmas of the Old Testament times, a dead body defiles the Church, reminding of the lost immortality.
Christianity does not forbid praying at home, but a woman, according to orthodox theologians, is forbidden to visit the House of God.
Hygiene
Another reason forbidding a woman to cross the threshold of the Holy House during menstruation is the concern for hygiene. Pads, tampons, and menstrual cups are relatively new. Means of "protection" against the outpouring of uterine secretions in the past were quite primitive. Speaking about the date of birth of this ban, one must remember that the church was then the place of the most massive gathering of people. Especially during festive, iconic services.
The appearance of a woman during menstruation in such a place endangered not only her health, but also the health of those around her. There were, and still are, many diseases transmitted through substances rejected by the body.
Summing up the first results of the search for an answer to the question: “Why you can’t go to church during menstruation,” we highlight several reasons for this ban from the perspective of the Old Testament theologians:
- Hygienic.
- Menstruation is a tangible reminder to posterity of the fall of Eve.
- A rejected egg, from the point of view of religion, is equated to a fetus that died as a result of a miscarriage.
- Equating spotting with a symbol of the mortality of all things.
Menstruation according to the New Testament
Christianity of the New Testament era looks more loyally at the possibility of a woman to participate in church life in critical days. Changes in views, and hence theological interpretations, are connected with a new concept of human essence. Having accepted suffering for human sins on the Cross, Jesus Christ freed mankind from the mortal shackles of the body. Only spirituality and purity, fortitude are paramount from now on. A woman who bleeds from month to month is what the Lord intended, which means that there is nothing unnatural in menstruation. After all, carnal things cannot interfere with a pure and sincere striving for communion with God.
In this case, it is appropriate to recall the apostle Paul. He argued that every creation of God is beautiful and there cannot be anything in it that could defile the Creator. New Testament does not give an unequivocal answer to the question of whether it is possible to visit holy places during menstruation. This position was the cause of the birth of disagreements between the Holy Fathers. Some were sure that forbidding a girl to attend Church means going against the very teachings of Christianity. In support of their words, theologians who hold this opinion cite biblical parable about Jesus and the woman bleeding long time.
Touching the skirts of the Savior's clothes healed her, and the Son of Man not only did not push the sufferer away, but said to her: "Be bolder, daughter!" Many women ask if prayers can be read during menstruation at home. Wouldn't this be a deviation from the accepted canons. Christianity is loyal to this issue and does not consider critical days an obstacle to communication with God.
Is it possible to go to church on "unclean" days
There is no definite answer from the priest about whether it is possible to enter the church during menstruation. It is necessary to ask for blessings from the priest-rector of the church that the woman wants to visit.
Remember that spiritual matters are purely individual. In case of extreme need or spiritual confusion, the priest will not refuse to confess a woman. Bodily "impurity" will not become a hindrance. The doors of the Lord's House are always open to the afflicted. There is no strict canon on how to behave properly or incorrectly in matters of the Faith. For God, both a woman and a man are a beloved child who will always find refuge in his loving arms.
If there is a ban on visiting the cathedral, then the question naturally arises, and what to do if the event cannot be rescheduled. Follow the link for answers to these questions.
Norms of behavior in the church on the days of menstruation
The opinion has taken root that a woman can visit the Temple during her menstruation, but she should adhere to certain rules, the observance of which will avoid desecration of the holy place.
During menstruation, a woman cannot take part in any church sacraments.
Is it possible to confess
Many of the women who are looking for a priest's answer on the forums ask if it is possible to confess during menstruation. The answer is quite categorical: no! It is impossible to confess, to receive communion, to get married, or to take part in baptism these days. The exceptions are severe illness due to which bleeding is prolonged.
If menstruation is the result of a diseased condition, it is necessary to ask for blessings from the priest, and only then take part in the Sacraments of the Church and partake of the Body and Blood of Christ.
Is it possible to drink holy water during menstruation
There is no exact answer to this question in the Bible, but when studying the regulations church service you can stumble upon a ban on this action. Regardless of whether it happens at home or in the temple, it is better to wait until the end of the critical days. AT modern Christianity you can meet a ban on the use of prosphora and consecrated cahors on critical days.
Is it possible to apply to the icons during menstruation
Turning to the works of New Testament theologians, it becomes clear that kissing icons or an iconostasis is strictly prohibited. Such behavior desecrates a holy place.
During menstruation, you can go to the service, but it is better to take a place for the "catechumens" or next to the church shop.
The New Testament says that the Temple is where the name of Christ is remembered. Do the strict prohibitions also apply to prayer at home? The works of theologians say that it is not forbidden to turn to God in prayer form both at home and in the Church in any state of body and spirit.
Is it possible to take communion during menstruation
Those who seek the priest's answer to this question receive a categorical refusal. Democratic Approach modern church and a number of indulgences for women during critical days do not apply to the Holy Mysteries. It is worth abstaining from confession, communion and chrismation until the end of menstruation. The only exception is cases of severe illness. Bloody discharge caused by a long illness cannot become a hindrance even for Holy Unction with prior preparation for Communion.
Please note that before taking part in the Holy Mysteries, even in a state of illness, it is necessary to take a blessing from the Father.
Many stories on thematic forums that tell that a woman was confessed and allowed to venerate shrines during menstruation are connected precisely with the illness of the one in question.
It is worth noting that girls who came to church on critical days are allowed to submit prayer notes for the health and repose of their loved ones.
Is it possible to visit the monastery with menstruation
Many girls are concerned not only with the question of the possibility of home prayer and visiting during the regulars of the House of God. Women attending religious forums are keenly interested in the question of whether it is possible to come to the monastery during menstruation. Sister Vassa answers this question in detail and vividly in her materials.
Summarizing the information contained in her materials, we come to the conclusion that no one will expel a woman from the monastery just because she arrived on “unclean” days.
Restrictions may be imposed on attendance at services, the keel way of life, or restrictions on obedience. The nuns continue to carry out their obedience in accordance with the charter of a particular monastery. You can learn about the restrictions imposed on a novice or sister during menstruation from the Mother Superior of the monastery where the fair sex arrived.
Is it possible to apply to the relics during menstruation
Many of the women visit the monastery in order to touch the remains of the Saint, who was laid to rest on the territory of a particular monastery. Connected with this desire is the desire to get the priest's answer to the question of whether it is possible to venerate the relics during menstruation. There is no single answer to this question. It is unlikely that there will be those for whom the action is of an idle nature.
Before the trip, regardless of whether it coincides with the regulations or not, it is necessary to ask the blessing of the Priest of the parish in which the woman leads the church life. In this conversation, it is advisable for the girl to state the motives and warn about the possibility of menstruation. Having weighed all the pros and cons, the priest will be able to give an unambiguous answer.
Is it possible to pray during menstruation at home
Orthodoxy
It is not forbidden to offer a prayer to the Lord during menstruation at home.
Islam
In Islam, it is widely believed that a woman on such days is in a state of ritual defilement. Such a view of menstruation entails a ban on the fair sex from performing prayers until the end of menstruation.
Khaid means natural monthly hemorrhaging, and istihadah means bleeding that goes beyond the cycle or postpartum discharge.
The opinions of Islamic theologians differ regarding the possibility of prayer, but, in most cases, it is recommended to refrain from praying and touching Holy Quran on the Arabic.
When can I go to church after giving birth?
Returning to the review of the opinions of the Fathers of the Church, it is worth noting those who, without insisting on a strict ban, put forward a number of rules governing the presence of the fair sex in the church on critical days and after the birth of a child. Looking ahead, it is worth noting that this religious belief has taken root and exists to this day.
One thing is certain: despite the many opinions of theologians and the variety of interpretations Holy Scripture, in order to answer for yourself the question of whether it is possible to go to church during menstruation and when it is worth returning to church life after childbirth, you need to find out the answer of the priest of the parish to which the woman “belongs”.
Questions of religion are always discussed by all generations, by every inhabitant of the planet. How many people, so many opinions. On some issues, the priests are not unanimous. Is it possible to take communion during menstruation? The main question that worries women so much.
History goes back to the time of Jesus Christ. The whole procedure of communion is described repeatedly in the Bible in the New Testament. On the eve of the great feast of Easter, the Last Supper of Jesus Christ and his disciples, the 12 apostles, took place. The teacher broke off a piece of bread for each, handed it over with the words: “Eat, this is my body!” Then he drank a sip of wine from a glass, handed it to the students, they did the same in turn. Jesus said, "Drink, this is my blood!" For this, the royal soldiers came for Christ, and subsequently they carried out the crucifixion. What does this procedure mean, what meaning did Jesus put into these words? Some see it materially, others spiritually. This is the essence of the disagreement.
Communion itself signifies unity with Jesus Christ. Everyone eats his body, drinks the blood of those who touch him. In material terms, they bake bread, make wine, they all eat it in turn. Where is the highest? Where is God? "Bread" and "body" means the teaching of Jesus Christ. “Eat” means read the bible, follow Christ. "Wine" means faith. Without faith in the power of Jesus Christ, God Most High, eating pastries and drinks is meaningless. Not a word is indicated in this place about the ban on the sacrament of communion for women with menstruation. If everything is considered physically, women generally do not have the right to receive communion, since only men were present at the Last Supper.
Is it possible to go to confession during menstruation
One of the conditions for proper communion according to the Christian faith is the need to confess. Easter is coming, and menstruation is right there. What to do in this case? This issue is also approached in different ways. Some go to the temple because it is required by the law of the church. Others at the call of the soul. If this is the second case, it does not matter whether menstruation is coming or not. For God, the flesh itself is considered unclean. Men and women are equally unclean. God pays attention to inner world man, his thoughts, desires, aspirations. You can confess both on the first day and on the last day of menstruation! Purification is spiritual. If a tradition is carried out blindly, there is absolutely no power in it.
Is it possible during menstruation to the temple
On what day after menstruation can I take communion
The tradition is followed by Christians all over the world. It should be remembered that the purification of the body occurs after the purification of the soul. During menstruation, you can go to the temple. Communion is necessary at the call of the soul with an understanding of everything that happens. Merely eating bread will not lead to purification. The question is absolutely not appropriate, is it possible to do this on the 7th day. Exploring further the scriptures of the Bible, one can notice that the “church” is faith, and the “temple” is located inside every person - in the soul. Strictly speaking, for communion it is not at all necessary to go to a building constructed by people. At one of his sermons, he said: “A temple built by people can be destroyed in one day, but a temple built by God cannot be destroyed forever and ever!” Jesus held the Last Supper, mind you, in an ordinary room. The main thing is to understand why all this is being done. Some people after the tradition of communion in the temple remain the same "dirty" thoughts and deeds as before. Menstruation has absolutely nothing to do with it.
Of course, many are interested in the answer of the priest. It's no secret, priests are different. And at a certain moment, they also emphasize - the priest is also a person. Opinions are different. Some priests insist on the ban, others see nothing wrong with a woman visiting church during her menstruation.
Many Orthodox girls and women are worried about whether it is possible to go to church with menstruation, take communion and confess, whether this is a violation of the canons. Sometimes there are situations when it is very necessary to visit the temple, an important rite for the family is appointed, on Easter or another significant holiday.
How to be in such a situation? Skip the service or still not pay attention to critical days. This question has been asked by Christian women and clergymen for centuries. Often they look for the answer themselves in the Bible or the sayings of the saints.
In those distant times, women, along with plague people, were put on the same level. These days, according to the clergy, they were unclean. In order not to be on the same level with them, they should not be touched. Hence, visiting a girl during menstruation in a church building was strictly forbidden, and even more so it was impossible to perform any rituals.
After giving birth, it was also impossible to immediately come to church. The period of abstinence from visits depended on the sex of the baby. If it was a boy, then within a month, and if a girl was born, then longer - 3 months. In general, they indicated a period of about 40 days. In those days, they said that while a woman is undergoing postpartum cleansing, she should not be in worship. The same applied to the condition of a woman after a miscarriage. Today, this tradition is hardly followed.
According to the New Testament: is it possible to attend church during menstruation
In subsequent centuries, views changed, but were not unambiguous. For example, the Apostle said that everything created by God is light and beautiful. A woman is also His creation, and the menstrual cycle is not some kind of her fault, but just a natural phenomenon, so there should not be a ban on visiting church during menstruation.
In confirmation of his words, he cited a parable about a parishioner who had been ill for a long time. She was bleeding, and there was no way for the doctors to help her. Having learned about the Son of God passing by, she went to meet him with a prayer, touched his clothes lightly and with trembling with a pale hand. The Lord healed her, saying with approval that it was the faith of the sick that helped her. So, the bleeding woman was not pushed away by Christ himself, which means that visiting the temple is possible for her.
Dionysius of Alexandria was not against a woman visiting the temple on critical days, but her actions should be limited:
- Just pray and be baptized.
- Communion prohibited.
- The ban on touching the holy relics.
Is it possible for a woman to confess and receive communion during menstruation
If in our time we turn to priests with a similar question, we get several different answers. Someone points out that women on critical days can do everything in the church that is customary, only they can’t touch temple shrines. Others are against parishioners taking part in the Sacraments these days. How to be? First of all, you need to know the rules that exist in this temple and follow them. This issue can be resolved by talking with the priest.
If a trip to holy places is planned, then the woman needs a blessing, as well as the advice of a confessor. Some ministers of the Russian Orthodox Church have a negative attitude towards visiting a woman with menstruation in church.
The main reasons for the ban
- The main thing is that, according to popular beliefs, no one should shed blood in the temple. Even if someone in ancient times managed to get hurt in the temple, he had to leave it in order to stop her outside the church walls. This applied to both ordinary citizens and clergy. If, nevertheless, it happened that the blood sprinkled the floor or the icon, it needed to be re-consecrated.
- In the old days, women's clothing was different, and the risk of menstrual blood getting on the floor was very high. For this reason, they were not allowed inside. Today this is not possible, as there are many useful tools hygiene.
- Another version is the death of the egg, which some consider to be a spontaneous abortion. Allegedly, the painful bleeding given to a woman by nature is a punishment for the fall of Eve in paradise.
Communion and baptism
The first rite symbolizes unity common man with the Son of God, who before the coming sufferings, like his own flesh and blood, shared the bread and wine with the disciples. Communion is a beautiful sacrament, which is strictly forbidden during menstruation. The only thing is that if a woman is seriously suffering from an illness associated with severe bleeding, which happens with tumors, fibroids, etc., then she is allowed, but she must be clean bodily, as far as possible in her serious condition.
Suffering must necessarily warn the priest about their situation. The first prayer will always be for health. Before her, the sick confess and take communion.
If the start of menstruation unexpectedly happened earlier than usual, then the planned event, such as baptism, is best rescheduled. If this happened to the mother, she is not allowed into the temple, but the baby is still baptized.
Conclusion
Based on the above, we can draw the following useful conclusions.
- visit Orthodox Church during menstruation, only the priest can allow.
- Confess and Communion healthy woman on critical days it is impossible.
- The clergyman will not refuse confession and communion to a woman with bleeding if she is seriously ill and will pray for healing.
The rest should wait out the unfavorable days and pray at home.
The menstrual cycle is laid down by nature. Women experience a lot of inconvenience, some severe pain. Believers perceive such a ban as unfair.
The Russian Orthodox Church does not have a consensus on why it is impossible to go to church with menstruation. All priests interpret the ban at their discretion.
Reasons for the ban
To determine whether it is possible to attend church during menstruation, you need to read the Bible and try to find the answer in it. The ban on entering the church in Old Testament times was physical disturbances in the human body:
- Infectious diseases;
- Inflammatory processes in the active phase;
- Discharge from the urethra in men;
- Menstruation in women.
In addition, it was forbidden to visit the temples who had physical contact with the deceased (washing, preparing for burial). For young mothers to attend church 40 days after the birth of a son and 80 days after the birth of a daughter.
The ban on women with a menstrual cycle is associated with the fact that blood cannot be shed in the church. Priests or parishioners, injured, must leave the temple and stop the bleeding outside. Blood on the floor, icons or sacred books is unacceptable, because after that it must be re-consecrated.
With the advent of the New Testament, the list of conditions forbidding church attendance has been reduced. It still has 40 days since the birth of children and menstruation. The latter is considered a sin. Offensive menstrual cycle, according to some interpretations, indicates a dead egg and spontaneous abortion.
There is evidence in the New Testament of Jesus healing a woman with uterine bleeding. During the ceremony, she touched him with her hand and the bleeding stopped. Some clergymen associated such a state of a woman with the possibility of the birth of a new life, with which the Almighty awarded women to her. Others considered bleeding as a punishment for the sins of the first woman - Eve.
The attitude of the modern church
Is it possible to go to church with menstruation?! With this question, young women come to the clergy and ask for advice. To allow or not is a personal matter of the minister.
Priests are allowed to be present in the church, but you can not:
- Put candles;
- Touch the images.
It is allowed to enter and pray in the temple. The priests are indulgent towards the sick. Some women and girls are worried uterine bleeding during the establishment of the menstrual cycle and its completion. Unfortunately, medicine is not able to stop them at once. Periodic treatment does not bring results. Then they go with a prayer to the Lord and the saints for health.
In such situations, the first prayer must be said in the church by lighting a candle. Before prayer, it is customary to go through the rite of confession and communion. Before him, the holy father is warned about his situation and asked for blessings.
Is it possible to take communion during menstruation
Confession, communion and baptism are not carried out for girls, girls and women during menstruation. The church is a place of bloodless sacrifice and, according to the laws, people with bleeding wounds cannot visit it.
On the subject of baptism
The sacrament of baptism consists in the death of sinful flesh and its rebirth by the Holy Spirit. Man is cleansed of sins and reborn church customs. During baptism, prayers are read, washed with holy water.
Infants are completely dipped, adults are washed head and face. After the person is dressed in clean clothes. In spite of modern facilities hygiene, a woman with a period is pure in soul, but not pure in body. Therefore, the sacrament of Baptism is not performed during the period of the cycle.
They prepare for baptism in advance, and if suddenly menstruation began earlier and fell on this day, then it is better to reschedule it to another date. The priest is notified in advance f. When a child is baptized, the clergyman may forbid the mother from participating in the baptism because of the menstrual cycle.
Possibility of confession
Every believer goes through the ritual of confession. It is aimed at spiritual purification. With worldly problems, misdeeds, people turn to the clergyman.
The priest releases sinful thoughts and deeds to a person, gives advice and instructions for a righteous life. In addition to spiritual cleansing, bodily cleanliness is also necessary. During menstruation, this is impossible, therefore, they do not go to confession on such days.
sacrament of communion
This is the sacrament of union with the Lord, established by him before suffering. Then he divided the bread and wine among the apostles as his own flesh and blood. The rite has much in common with the actions of Christ.
After the service and prayer, people come to the altar in anticipation of the bowl. Children are skipped ahead. They do not drink from the cup, but open their mouths to receive a church drink and kiss its bases. Prosphora are used as bread.
The sacrament of communion is prohibited during menstruation, an exception is made for diseases in which there are uterine bleeding. For communion, a person purifies the soul and must be clean in body. This condition cannot be fulfilled with the physiological characteristics of the female body.
Sincerely believing women are sympathetic to the covenants and canons of the Gospel and with dignity accept the will of the clergy. Therefore, it is not difficult for them to refuse the sacrament or prayer in the church.