Grechishnikova Marina Anatolyevna,
teacher of Russian language and literature
MBOU "Secondary School No. 2" Urengoy
Complex sentences with several subordinate clauses. Types of subordination.
Preparing for the GIA. Task B8.
Target - systematize the knowledge of students on the topic, improve the skills of working with tests and texts in preparation for the GIA
Lesson Objectives:
Educational
- improve the ability to distinguish between types of subordination in a complex sentence;
- to acquaint with the work of Yuri Afanasyev.
Developing
- develop syntactic skills;
- develop skills in working with text;
- develop skills in working with tests (tasks A1 - B9).
Educational
- foster love for the native land, respect for the culture of the peoples of the North inhabiting Yamal;
- to educate the thinking reader on the works of Yamal writers.
Lesson equipment:
- a computer;
- interactive board;
- textbook;
- notebooks;
- handouts (tests, texts).
During the classes
- Language warm-up
- Read the text - an excerpt from Yuri Afanasyev's story "Two Spruces" (print the texts for each student or project onto the blackboard).
1. Because of the storm, the tug was defended in the backwater. 2. Time was in a hurry. 3. For almost a week Eduk and Oksana traveled through the channels to the village on the Kaldanka. 4. Almost a week is in time. 5. And in life for Eduk there was one moment. 6. During these days he learned about the world as much as he could not know the most ancient old man... 7. The world turns out to be very big and restless. 8. Like animals in the taiga, all sorts of people inhabit it. 9. Everyone has a lot of worries. 10. But the most incredible thing for Eduk was to hear that there are lands where people all year round go almost without clothes. 11. Just think, imagine yourself in the Arctic without clothes, even if not in winter, even in summer (?!). 12. However, he could not help but trust Oksana. 13. Their relationship was so close, her eyes understood him so deeply that he was afraid of his bad thoughts. 14. “What? - thought Eduk. - Why not become related, be your own man in a warm, nourishing village?
15. And then the village suddenly appeared because of the thawed cape. 16. Scattered on the hillside houses on the slope huddled like chickens. 17. Among them the church towered like a capercaillie, glowing reddishly with larch logs. 18. And beyond the village spiky spruce trees were sticking out like a comb. 19. A subtle smell was dizzy warm bread... 20. This smell Eater could distinguish from a great distance. 21. You can't confuse him with anything ...
- Find dialect words in the text, replace them with stylistically neutral synonyms.
Kaldanka (in ave. 3) - boat
Uval (in prospect 16) - upland, slope
- Find comparisons in paragraph 2. Write down the numbers of the sentences with comparisons.
16 - like chickens
17 - wood grouse (instrumental)
18 - comb (instrumental)
- Write down the sentence number with the introductory word.
- Write the grammatical basics out of sentences 7, 12, 20
7 - the world is big, hectic
12 - he couldn't help but believe
20 - Eater could tell
- Define the kind subordination in the phrase "animals in the taiga" (sentence 8). Replace this phrase synonymous with the subordination agreement.
Communication - management; taiga animals
- Define the type of subordinate relationship in the phrase "restless world" (sentence 7). Replace this phrase synonymous with the subordinate relationship management.
Coordination; peace without rest
- Write down the numbers of complex sentences.
6, 10, 13
- Knowledge update
Write out sentence 10 from the text.
But the most incredible thing for Eduk was to hear that there are lands where people walk almost without clothes all year round.
Build a diagram of this sentence: [===], (which === ____), (where ____ ===).
Determine the type of submission (sequential).
What types of subordination in a complex sentence do you know? (Memo, Appendix 1).
Give examples.
- Anchoring
- Determine the type of submission. Fill in the table (Appendix 2). Comment on the answer verbally. Print tables with sample sentences for each student. Graduates fill in only 2 columns.
Offer | Subordination type |
The most important hero in Khanty mythology is a bear who considered the progenitor | Sequential (main → subordinate determinant → subordinate consequence) |
do not cite that only scrupulous work will let him come out come | Homogeneous (main → explanatory subordinate clause, explanatory subordinate clause) |
If you contact | Parallel, or heterogeneous ( clause clause→ main → explanatory clause) |
have to overcomemany obstacles, | Parallel, or heterogeneous (clauses of a goal → main → clauses) |
Task maintaining traditions complicated by the fact that many Russian speaking younglearn your native language, prefer | Sequential (main → explanatory subordinate → attributive subordinate) |
the role figures in the legends. | Sequential (main → explanatory clause → clause of an assignment) |
For the rights of the people, who turns out to be a poet who calls out | Parallel, or heterogeneous (subordinate attributive → main → subordinate attributive). In this clause, the clauses refer to different words in the main clause. |
The writer is often resorts to taking"References to the past", to force | Homogeneous (main → clauses of the goal, clauses of the goal). |
- Compress the text. From sentences 6-8 (an excerpt from the story "Two spruces"), make 1 complex subordination with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.
What is the name of this method of compressing text? (Simplification - merging several sentences into one).
- Among the sentences below, find the SPP with sequential subordination of clauses:
1. Without making out the road, he fled to the forest-tundra, ran towards the Urals. 2. I ran to exhaustion. 3. He was afraid to stop. 4. He felt that if he stopped, he would be torn from the inside. 5. The heart will not stand it. 6. And he ran, ran off-road, splashing out of himself bitterness and resentment.
Answer: 4
- Using the text of the story-were by Y. Afanasyev "Two Spruces", continue the sentences so that you get the SPP with different kinds subordination:
Consistent: I cannot say how old these spruces are ... .. (which grow on the banks of the Ob).
Homogeneous : Loneliness or the expectation of the morning, when the village wakes up with fishing sweat, mooing of cows, breath of fresh wind, brought us closer together. (when the snipe-snipe with a wooden shaman's trill informs the day that has begun.
Parallel (heterogeneous): When the headman smiles, it seems…. (that he, like a small fish, is ready to swallow you).
- Testing. Part B8. Presentation (it is better to conduct a lesson with a mobile computer class, so that each graduate can independently work with the tests. If this is not possible, the assignments can be printed out for each student).
1. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
(1) Many went not to explore the North and live on Yamal, but to earn money. (2) Did it come from here: I worked for 15 years, gave "all my strength" to the wild North - return me to my place, give me everything. (3) They both gave and kissed goodbye, and the “silent” ones were more and more thrown into the darkness, as if they had been sentenced in advance: you cannot grow local cadres. (4) In the second and third generations, the children of dispossessed people were not given passports.
(5) “Yamal received the third blow with the beginning of the development of oil and gas. (6) Now the organizers themselves do not know why they built the cities, what to do with the population. "
2. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with parallel (non-uniform) subordination. Write the number of this sentence.
(1) With the closure of navigation, it is practically forbidden to put nets on the Ob. (2) But every year the nets are put, and it is impossible for the fish inspector with the fish to remove all of them. (3) How many holes do you need to cut ?! (4) To streamline recreational fishing, it is appropriate in some cases to apply licensed fishing according to the experience of Guryev residents. (5) This experience is justified with an insignificant by-catch of valuable fish species, which does not in any way negatively affect the reproduction of fish stocks, and in the fall on smooth sands, when the fishermen leave the latter, migrating to winter quarters.
(6) It should be borne in mind that northern fishing in the autumn, in the wind, in icy water, is not an easy pleasure.
3. Among sentences 1-5, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
(1) The profitability of licensed fishing is not only in the collection of funds, part of which should go to the development of fishing, the main thing is in the education of the person himself. (2) If you want to fish, work on cleaning livestock, plant some bushes to strengthen the banks of spawning rivers, make your contribution to rescue juveniles. (3) The one who took the fish, but did not give it to it, who violated the fishing rules, may be excluded from society or suspended from fishing. (4) It seems that amateur fishermen at their place of residence will more jealously monitor their site, and will also help in the fight against malicious poaching. (5) The opening of the cases of the latter is so far insignificant.
4. Among sentences 1-7, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
(1) Poachers. (2) Who are they? (3) Of course people. (4) But these are people who deliberately go to harm nature. (5) And what about the others who love their Ob, who for one reason or another fall into violators? (6) Does the word “poacher” offend his hearing? (7) So far, such a difference is not visible, and only because not everything is used in the organization of recreational fishing.
5. Among sentences 1-5, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
(1) B the last days outgoing leap year stocky log house in the village, from the weight of the snow on the roofs, they pressed even more tightly to the ground. (2) An old office building, unable to withstand such a load, leaned against a nearby fence, but a flag fluttered proudly and brashly on a spruce pole, all wet and it was unknown when and by whom it was hoisted there. (3) The flag glorified the still indestructible and mighty Union, when for the second year in the courtyard there was a completely different political weather. (4) But the people of Yamalsk have not changed in any way morally and in their actions. (5) A peeling slogan still hung on the pediment of the office, which called on the fishermen and fishwomen to work hard and give one more percentage over the plan, for the fate of the Motherland depends on this percentage.
6. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex clause with parallel subordinate clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
(1) "Now there will be a" zhik "!" - explained Styopka to his mentor, who perceived the noise of children with migraine pain and waited impatiently for her watch to end. (2) Where she came from, Styopka did not know. (3) But how could he be interested in the fact that some go to the Far North to build, others - to work out the northern experience for retirement, for a coefficient. (4) But the teacher of the boarding school in the village was noticed for her unsociability, did not trust the cleanliness of the berries and malitsa, was wary of visiting tundra families. (5) It is not easy to gather reindeer herders and fishermen into a boarding school for parent-teacher meeting, but coming to your house - chum - is revered. (6) And if the teacher began to speak, moreover, in their native language, then he became no less like a room - a friend to whom, on occasion, a present must be made.
7. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with homogeneous clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
(1) The blizzard howled louder and angrier, but voices in the plague, illuminated from outside by several electric bulbs, were heard far away. (2) Before Chuprov had time to throw back the canopy, a man in a mask splashed a full bucket on his collar ice water... (3) "What a joke," Styopka gasped. (4) The owner liked the joke, and this trick added noise and fun to all the guests.
(5) How then did he not foresee all the consequences? (6) After all, he should know that he is being invited and taken, like a hostage, to One-Eyed, that if necessary and for the sake of the owner, the purveyor is taken to the village.
8. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
(1) He had known a brood of wolves since last year, and now four one-year-old puppies were also practicing in a blizzard. (2) As they cut all the weakened deer with a knife, their corpses turned black in the snow. (3) In some places, the wolverine tried: jumping from tree to tree, she gnawed at her throat, drank blood, and so she threw the animal ...
(4) Hunzi no longer thought about Zyryanov's promises - with one hundred percent safety of the reindeer to transfer thirty percent to him. (5) This whole market is not for him. (6) The only thing he just thought about was that the snow, sky, air, tundra, where he walks, no one can take away from him.
9. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
(1) Hunzi went to the wolf unarmed, only with this stick-spatula. (2.) He had neither fear nor anger against the wolf. (3) What he dreamed was gone. (4) Hunzi, peering into the trail, saw that he was trying to jump over the ravine, but he took care of a large snow drift, that he sat, turned around and again moved directly.
(5) Finally Hunzi saw a wolf on the opposite bank of the Yugan River. (6) The floodplain was covered with snow two to three meters deep - you can't easily run across ...
10. Among sentences 1-5, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
(1) Farther and farther the deer carries the shepherd away. (2) With such a deer, even an unarmed person is not afraid to ride. (3) How not to rejoice in the reindeer shepherd, how not to sing a song about them! (4) Narasyukh, tell us about the blue wind of touch and about the deer-miniruv, the holy deer, who in his entire life does not know what a team is. (5) Tell us how the mineruv put the sun on its horns and how on a quiet night the stars are ringing bells in their ears from a fast run ...
Answers
- Reflection. Summing up the lesson.
- What new did you learn in the lesson?
- How to find complex sentences with different types of subordination?
- What is the difference between homogeneous subordination and parallel submission?
- What problems does Yu.N. Afanasyev in his works?
- What lexical features can be noted in the texts used in the lesson? ( Dialect words, an abundance of means of expression, especially comparisons).
- Have you noticed the syntactic features of the works of the writers of Yamal? (Simple sentences, introductory words, inversion).
- Differentiated home assignment (optional).
- Prepare a presentation of 20 slides on the topic “Preparing for the GIA. В8 "(Execution in groups is possible).
- Develop a memo for memorizing theoretical material on the topic.
- Make a table to systematize knowledge on the topic and memorize theoretical material.
- Solve several options for tasks B8 from the collection for preparation for the GIA.
Bibliography
- Gosteva Yu.N., Vasilievykh I.P., Egoraeva G.T. GIA 2014. Russian language. Grade 9. 30 variants of typical test items and preparation for the implementation of part 3 (C) / Yu.N. Gosteva, I.P. Vasiliev, G.T. Egoraeva. - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2014.
- Lvova S.I. GIA 2014. Russian language: training tasks: grade 9 / S.I. Lvova, T.I. Zamuraeva. - M .: Eksmo, 2013.
- T.N. Nazarova GIA. Workshop on the Russian language: preparation for the assignments of part B / T.N. Nazarova, E.N. Violin. - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2014.
- Russian language. 9th grade. Preparation for GIA-2013: teaching aid/ Ed. ON. Senina. - Rostov n / a: Legion, 2012.
- Khaustova D.A. Russian language. Preparation for the GIA (writing a concise summary). Versatile materials with guidelines, decisions and answers / D.A. Khaustov. - 3rd ed., Rev. and add. - M.: Publishing house "Exam", 2012.
Internet resources
- Gubkin Centralized Library System.http://www.gublibrary.ru
- Afanasyev Yu.N. The rhythms of the tundra. Once stepping on a rake. Two ate. Corporate information and library portal of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.http://libraries-yanao.ru
Annex 1.
REMINDER
TYPES OF SUBMISSION
A complex sentence can have two or more subordinate clauses. The relationship of such subordinate clauses among themselves determine the type of subordination.
1. Parallel subordination
With parallel subordination, different types of subordinate clauses that answer different questions are related to the same main one:
Reason, (in spite of what?) Even if it is oppressed and neglected, ultimately always prevails (why?), Because it is impossible to live without it (A. France).
2. Uniform subordination
With homogeneous subordination, subordinate clauses are of the same type, answer the same question and refer to the same member of the main clause or to the entire main clause as a whole. Homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected with each other by a compositional or non-union connection:
Yegorushka saw (what?) How little by little the sky darkened and the darkness fell to the ground (what?), How the stars lit up one after another (A. Chekhov).
3. Consistent submission
With successive subordination to the main clause, the subordinate clause (subordinate clause of the first degree) submits, which, in turn, submits the next subordinate clause (subordinate clause of the second degree), etc. (parts form a chain). With such a connection, each subordinate part becomes the main part in relation to the next, but only one remains the original main part: which the considered the progenitor people, therefore, the largest number of legends is dedicated to him.
Historical experience proves that all attempts "Jumping" over some stages of culture is useless do not cite that only scrupulous Work to restore the historical memory, "childhood and youth" of the people let him get out on the main road of world culture and to come to the feeling of spiritual fullness of being.
If you contact to foreign literature, then with confidence we can say that the fairytale hero of R. Rugin has long been known already in the vastness of Europe from France to Russia.
To become masters of your destiny , Khanty and other small peoples of Siberiahave to overcomemany obstacles, which modernity has prepared for them.
Task maintaining traditions complicated by the fact that many Russian speaking young Khanty who don't see the point learn your native language, prefer study English instead.
It is significant that the deer plays in Khanty mythology less significant role than in the legends of the Nenets, although also appears in legends.
Roman Rugin is also a fighter for the rights of the people, who addresses to the mind of its reader and sets out the facts, and the poet who calls out to the hearts of people and their emotions.
The writer is often resorts to taking"References to the past", to force a Khanty reader to look at his past, to go forward, to build the future.
Polynomial complex sentences (SPP) are divided into two types. The first type is WBS, in which all subordinate clauses refer to the main clause. Depending on the meaning of subordinate clauses and their relationship to the main thing, they divide homogeneous suggestions and heterogeneous.
Homogeneous and heterogeneous
Homogeneous clauses are subordinate clauses that refer to the same member of the main clause, or to the main clause as a whole. They are connected with each other by a compositional or non-union connection and are called subordinate clauses.
Examples of: I saw how she left, and how he looked after her for a long time.
Until recently, we recalled that we were very friendly with him and that whenever possible we tried to see each other.
Inhomogeneous clauses are subordinate clauses related to different types by value, as well as subordinate clauses of the same type, but referring to different members of the main clause.
Examples of: When he approached, I asked where to go next.
He explained that we would have to leave as soon as possible and added that he would give us some food for the journey.
The second type is formed by SPP, in which the subordinate clauses form a logical chain, that is, the first refers to the main one, the second to the first, the third to the second, etc. Such subordination is called sequential, and the subordinate clauses are, respectively, the first degree subordinate clauses, the second degree subordinate clauses, etc.
Example: I thought it was time to move, so that in the evening I would be where we were supposed to meet.
Also, complex sentences with several subordinate clauses can combine both types.
For example: Yesterday he said that people are leaving their homes, and that soon there will be no one to grow wheat, and that no one knows what to do.
We were told that we would have to be there when the guests came to open the door and to take on our outer garments.
In the first example, the first three subordinate clauses refer to the main clause, and the last subordinate clause (what to do) - to the subordinate clause “that nobody knows”. In the second, the first subordinate clause is a subordinate clause of the first degree (second type of SPP), and the other three subordinate clauses are not only subordinate clauses of the second degree, but also heterogeneous (the first type of SPP).
Also, polynomial complex sentences include those in which one subordinate clause is given a question from two or more main sentences... In this case, the main sentences are linked by a non-union or compositional relationship.
Example: He was clearly in pain, he was gasping for breath, and his heart was beating wildly when the ambulance finally arrived.
Lesson: "Types of subordination of subordinate clauses"
Lesson objectives : to teach how to define the type of subordination in a complex sentence with several clauses; to form the ability to correctly put punctuation marks in sentences of the specified structure.
Lesson Objectives :
Educational:
To expand the understanding of students about complex sentences, about the types of subordination;
Review and deepen the syntax of a complex sentence;
Repeat types of subordinate clauses;
To form skills and abilities of competent writing;
To consolidate the knowledge of terms, to teach participation in a conversation, the construction of an utterance.
Developing:
Develop the ability to systematize, analyze;
Develop attention and speech, logical thinking;
Develop skills in working in small groups (in pairs and in a group);
Educational:
Raise the need for knowledge;
To cultivate love for the native language.
Course of the lesson:
1.Organizational moment .
Guys, we continue to work with you to prepare for the exam. Today we have a new topic of the lesson, it is connected with complex sentences. We will introduce you to new types of syntactic constructions.
Look closely at task 13 of one of the GIA options. It sounds like this:
13. Among sentences 8 - 12 find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of clauses. Write the number of this sentence.
Answer: __________________________________________. (On the desk)
Try to formulate the topic of the lesson yourself.
The topic of the lesson is: "Types of subordination of subordinate clauses"
What are our goals and objectives?
Learn to define the type of subordination in a complex sentence with several clauses; to form the ability to correctly put punctuation marks in sentences of the specified structure.
We write down the number and topic of the lesson in the GIA notebook.
Before you start exploring new topic, let's do the repetition.
2. Spelling warm-up (Test each with subsequent verification)
Each of you has a test with tasks - indicate words with an alternating vowel at the root. You need to find a word in each task, select the root and explain what the spelling of a given vowel in the root depends on. (Time - 3 minutes)
1. Specify a word with an alternating vowel at the root:
1.bush ( -poC- - o, -raST-, -pSh)
2.dew
3.darkness
4. belated
The spelling of a vowel fundamentally depends on what consonants follow it: laG- - a, -loZh- - o: expound - expound; -roC- - o, -growth-, -growth- - a: grown - grow, grow.
Exceptions: sprout, usurer, Rostov, Rostislav, industry.
2. Specify a word with an alternating vowel at the root:
1.withstandingly
2.walk (-e - / - and- :)
3.proceed
4. thin out
The spelling of a vowel depends on the suffix following the root.
Ber- - -bi-: take away - take away
Der- - -dira-: I get away - I get away
Mer- - mira-: die - die
Per- - -pira-: lock - lock
Ter- - -tyra-: wipe - wipe
Shine- - -blista-: shine - shine
Stel- - -style-: to lay - to cover
Burn - - - fire -: light - light
3. Specify a word with an alternating vowel at the root:
1.nude,
2.devote
3.amaze
4.plain ( equal - - - equal -) Roots in which the spelling of the vowel depends on the meaning.
-equiv- - written in words meaning equality:Solve the equation.
Rovn- - in words that mean something even, i.e. smooth, straight: Smooth out the folds.
3. Syntactic warm-up.
1 task (orally)
1. Replace the phrase built on the basis of agreement with a synonymous phrase with the relationship management.
Management approval.
a bookstore (book store), a wooden shed (a shed of boards), in a crystal vase (in a crystal vase), evening coolness (coolness of the evening), a flock of goose (a flock of geese).
2. Replace the contiguous phrase with a synonymous phrase with the control link.
Adjacency to control.
treat humorously (treat with humor), drearily shrank (shrank with longing), look frightened (look with fear), solidly rules (rules with solidity)
3. Replace the control-based phrase with a synonymous phrase with an adjacency relationship.
Adjacency control.
ate greedily (ate greedily), sat down for lunch (sat down to dine), got out with dexterity (got out dexterously), speaks with joy (speaks happily)
4. Replace the control-based phrase with a synonymous phrase with the matching relationship.
Management for approval.
Krylov's fable (Krylov's fable),exhibition of paintings (art exhibition), the war years (war years), strawberries in the meadow (meadow strawberries)
2 task (on sheets, a sentence is written on the board, one is working at the board)
- Write down the complex subordination of the sentence, highlight the grammatical bases, indicate the boundaries, determine the type of clause.
[ View him was like that ], (as if its somebody offended ). (definitive)
[X], (what ...)
[ It was night ],(when I went out to the street from home), (where in the circle of loved ones was reading your story), ( because I trusted their literary taste)
(1 accessory - attributive, 2 - attributive, 3 - explanatory)
Which? Which one? Why?
[X], (when ...), (where ..), (because ....)
How are these offers different? (in the 1st one subordinate clause, in the second three subordinate clauses.
Output: A complex clause can have one or more subordinate clauses.
4.Exploring a new topic
Let's do some research. Let's recall the material on physics "Types of conductor connection"
What kinds of conductor connections are there? (Serial and parallel)
How are the conductors connected in series? (series connected receivers electric current follow each other, for example - a Christmas tree garland).
How are conductors connected in parallel?
(All conductors are connected at two points - nodes. When connected in parallel, the beginnings of all conductors are connected to one point of the electrical circuit, and the ends to another).
We have noted such phenomena as sequential and parallel submission. The Russian language also has such phenomena.
We noted that there may be several subordinate clauses in a complex sentence. In this case, it is important to understand how all the parts of a complex sentence are related to each other, what obeys what.
Possiblethree types of subordination of subordinate clauses :
1) consistent subordination,
2) parallel subordination,
3) homogeneous subordination.
1 consistent submission
With successive subordination, a chain of sentences is formed: the first subordinate clause is subordinate to the main clause, the second subordinate clause is subordinate to the first subordinate clause, etc. With this type of subordination, each subordinate clause is the main one for the subsequent subordinate clause.
Consider (All suggestions on the board)
[ I'm afraid ], (what Anna will be late for the exam), (which should start early in the morning). (1 accessory - explanatory, 2 - attributive)
Scheme: […], (union that…), (union word that…).
what? Which?
[X], (what ...), (which ...)
(Consecutive, if a part of a chain or a sentence is removed, the electrical circuit is broken, the semantic and grammatical integrity of the sentence)
With successive subordination, the subordinate clause related to the main one is called the subordinate clause of the first degree, and the next subordinate clause is called the subordinate clause of the second degree, etc.
2. Parallel submission
If one main clause includes subordinate clauses different types, then a parallel subordination is formed. In this type of subordination, both subordinate clauses refer to the same main one. It is important that these clauses are of different types, and they answer different questions.
(When the teacher came in) [the guys stood up] (to greet her).
(1 - time, 2 - goals)
Scheme: (union word when…), […], (union to…).
when? For what purpose?
(when ...), [X], (to ...)
(Parallel., If a part of a chain or a sentence is removed, the electrical circuit is not broken, and the semantic and grammatical integrity of the sentence)
3. Uniform subordination
If the subordinate clausesare sentences of the same type andrefer to the same member of the main sentence or the whole main sentence as a whole , then a homogeneous subordination is formed. With homogeneous subordination, the clausesanswer the same question .
[ I AM suddenly felt ], (how the tension has subsided ) And How it became easy in my soul). (both explanatory clauses)
Scheme: [...], (union as ...) and (union as ...).
What ?
[X], (like ..) and (like ..)
Explanatory clauses are similar to homogeneous members of a sentence, they are connected with each other by the union and. Both clauses refer to the clause of the sentence in the main. There is no comma between them.
5. Anchoring
Work in rows. Complete the task: arrange punctuation marks, determine the type of subordination of subordinate clauses
1 row. He threw himself on the deer and pulled the rope,while not convincedwhat the animals are standing.
How long? What is it?
[... pulled on], (until ... I was convinced ), ( what… )
Consistent submission
2 row. Now,when the deer were cut off from the willow cape,when he averted the greatest danger for the herd, Arsin gradually calmed down ...
When?
[…, (When…), (when…)… calmed down]
Uniform subordination
3 row. When the coniferous forest began, he immediately felthow much the wind is weaker here.
When? What?
(When ... started), [... felt], (how much ...)
Parallel subordination
6.Evaluation of educational - cognitive activities
FI
tasks
the outcome
Exercise 1.
1) Arsin had no choice but to start pulling off the tarpaulin drifts filled with water and swollen like logs, the soaked malitsa.2) When it became quite warm in the hut, Taya went out so that he was left alone and could dry his canvas shirt and trousers.
Assignment 2 . Among the sentences, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of clauses. Enter the offer number. Write your answer on the score sheet.
1). There was still no movement of the ice, and the banks remained narrow and shallow for the time being: even from here it was noticeable that the water barely reached the belly of the animals. 2) Fawn cubs that had just been born were mincing next to some vazhenki.3) Arsin saw how hesitantly the babies started swimming, how vigorous at the same time the little girls gurgled, making a signal to follow them.
Task 3. Among the sentences, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of clauses. Please enter the offer number. Write your answer on the score sheet.
1) The bubbling water under their hooves grew louder and louder, and Arsin realized that a rather large herd was being transported to the island, moving faster and faster. 2) To be convinced of this, he decided to climb up the stairs, built to survey the surroundings even when they were building a hut with his father. 3) They stuffed a dozen strong cross-beams onto two larch trees standing next to each other - it turned out to be a reliable structure that has served well for almost five decades ... (according to R. Rugin)
Task 4. Find a complex clause with parallel subordinate clauses among the sentences. Please enter the offer number. Write your answer on the score sheet.
1) He could not tell how long he trudged on the heavy kamuses, where he was going. 2) I came to my senses only on the banks of the wide Meleksimskiy litter, twenty kilometers from the previous place. 3) I raised my head: the sun was already approaching noon ... (according to R. Rugin)
Assignments are checked against the teacher's checklist and grade sheets.
7. Lesson summary
Let's summarize the lesson:
What are the ways of subordinating clauses in a complex clause?
Why do you need to know SPP groups by subordination method?
(To add punctuation marks in WBS with several clauses, complete test exam tasks)
8.Homework:
1. Indicate SPF with homogeneous reporting.
A) They write to me that you, melting your anxiety, are very sad about me, that you often go to the road in an old-fashioned shabby shushun.
B) The closer the boat approaches, the brighter the night seemed to him, although everyone would call this darkness total.
C) I want you to hear how my living voice yearns.
2. Determine the type of subordination of subordinate clauses.
When the first warmth came, there hadn't been a day since mine early childhood so that I do not go to play in the nearby garden of the medical academy.
A) Homogeneous.
B) Parallel (heterogeneous).
C) Consistent.
3. Find a HBS with several clauses.
A) Only rooks, aged in the steppe, calmly hovered over the grass, or indifferently, not paying attention to anything, hammered the stale ground with their beaks.
B) Quietly, as only animals can, the bear sat next to a motionless human figure, barely visible on the slope of a snowdrift.
C) No matter how worried she was, she could not help answering that the Germans did not have anti-aircraft artillery here.
4. Specify the WBS with sequential reporting.
A) While we are burning with freedom, while hearts are alive for honor, my friend, we will devote our souls to our homeland with beautiful impulses!
B) The night was so black that in the first minutes, until my eyes got used to it, I had to grope my way.
C) When all the units were again pulled to the highway, the news came that the commander was wounded in the head.
5. Indicate SPF with homogeneous reporting.
A) I went to a bus stop where no one was there because the bus had just left.
B) The question is not who is to blame, but the question is what to do now.
C) Something happened that Davydov could not forget for a long time and that from time to time made him shudder.
Among complex sentences with several subordinate clauses, complex sentences are distinguished
- with consistent subordination,
- with homogeneous subordination
- with parallel submission.
Subordination is when two or more subordinate clauses obey one main clause.
- With homogeneous subordination the subordinate clauses not only explain the main part, but are also subordinate clauses of the same type.
At homogeneous subordination subordinate commas are placed in the same way as for homogeneous members of a sentence. If homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by repeating unions, then a comma is put between them, and not put if the unions are non-repeating.
- When in complex sentences different clauses belong to the same member of the main part or in which the same clauses explain different words in the main part, represent sentences with parallel subordination.
Example: To a person, when he is overly tired, it seems that he will sleep for an unknown amount of time.
- Consistent submission- this is a sequence of subordinate clauses, in which each subsequent subordinate clause is associated with the previous part, and only the first subordinate clause is associated with the main part.
With the consistent subordination of subordinate clauses, unions can appear what and if, what and when, etc. Between the unions, a comma is placed, if there is no further part of the union, then or so, for example: He warned that if the fire is not extinguished now, the flame will spread to roof. It is permissible that there is no subordinate union before the second subordinate clause.
Combined subordination- these are various combinations of a subordinate relationship in one complex sentence.
Types of clauses in a complex sentence
- Definitive
Refers to a noun or a noun phrase with demonstrative words one, such. Answers the question what?
- Pronoun-definitive
The one, everyone, everyone refers to the pronouns; everything, such, such. Answers the questions; who? which? what?
- Explanatory
Refers to a verb of thought, speech, perception, or a noun combined with the index word that. Answers case questions.
- Accessory
Refers to the entire main part.
- Concession
Refers to the entire main part
Rules for placing punctuation marks
If there is one union word in an incomplete subordinate clause, then it is not separated from the main comma, for example: I want to help you, but I don’t know how.
If the subordinate clause at the end of a complex clause is an indirect question, question mark not put (unless, of course, the main thing is interrogative), for example: Indicate which of the definitions stand out.
A comma is not put if homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by connecting or separating unions, for example: Like someone sentenced to death and confident in the impossibility of pardon.
In this type of SPP, simple sentences form a kind of chain: From the main sentence we ask the second clause question, from the second we ask the third question.
In the following examples, questions to the next clause will be placed in parentheses.
And Nikolai went to work (why?) So that no one would say that he didn’t like his job (which one?), Which he really didn’t like.
SPP with a comma at the junction of 2 unions has sequential subordination.
He said that when our father comes, we will go to the park. (The proposal is discussed below.)
Analysis: He said (what?) -> let's go to the park (when?) -> when the father comes.
Unionless proposal
Unionless complex sentence
Unionless compound sentence is a complex sentence in which simple sentences are combined into one whole in meaning and intonation, without the help of conjunctions or union words: [Habit above us given]: [replacement happiness she](A. Pushkin).
Semantic relationships between simple sentences in allied and non-allied complex sentences expressed in different ways. In union sentences, unions take part in their expression, therefore, semantic relations are more definite and clear here. For example, the union so expresses the consequence, because- the reason, if- condition, but- opposition, etc.
Types of complex non-union proposals.
The most widespread classification of types of non-union proposals is lexical meaning... In accordance with this, the following SBPs are distinguished:
- explanatory SBPs:
Something incomprehensible was happening on the street: suddenly an incredible noise was heard.
- SBP with sequence value:
The spring sun peeped out from behind the clouds, quickly warmed up.
- additional UPS:
He decided to go to work: he had to go out instead of a sick partner.
- SBP with condition value:
When I return home, I’ll drive everyone out.
- UPS with a reason value:
There was a noise of the opening door: Vika returned from school.
- SBP with time value:
The sun rose - the birds chirped merrily.
- SBP with matching value:
Business is time - fun is an hour.
- SBP with the meaning of the investigation:
The TV has broken down: a power surge has occurred.
Direct speech and its design in writing.
Making direct speech
1. Direct speech should be highlighted with quotation marks.
3. If direct speech precedes the words of the author, then a comma and a dash should be placed after it. In the event that direct speech contains an exclamation or question, then after it a question or exclamation mark and a dash should be put. Moreover, in all cases, the words of the author should begin with a capital letter. Direct speech sentences:
"I won't give you to anyone," Anton whispered excitedly.
"Who's there?" - Pashka asked fearfully.
"Let's run quickly!" - shouted Seryozha.
2. If at the place where direct speech breaks, it is supposed to put a full stop, then after direct speech it is necessary to put a comma and a dash, and after the author's words - a full stop and a dash. In this case, the second part should be written with a capital letter. The design of direct speech in this case looks like this.