Those with accessory elements are divided into several groups. There are three in total. In speech, there may be a complex expression with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses, heterogeneous (parallel) and sequential. Further in the article we will consider the features of one of these categories. What is a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses?
General information
Homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses (examples of such constructions will be given below) is an expression in which each part refers to the main element or to a specific word in it. The latter option occurs if the add-on only distributes certain part main. Sentences with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses have a number of features. So, the spreading elements are of the same type, that is, they answer the same question. Usually they are connected with each other by coordinating unions. If they have an enumeration value, then the relationship is unionless, as with homogeneous members. Here, in general, what does homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses mean.
Communication in context
1. The hushed boys watched the car /1 until it left the intersection /2 until the dust it had raised dissipated /3 until it turned into a ball of dust /4.
Once in the hospital, he recalled how they were suddenly attacked by the Nazis, and how everyone was surrounded, and how the detachment managed to get to their own.
3. If the unions "whether ... or" are used as repeating constructions (in the example, you can change to whether), the homogeneous clauses associated with them are separated by a comma.
It was impossible to tell if it was a fire or if the moon was starting to rise. - It was impossible to understand whether it was a fire, whether the moon was beginning to rise.
Combined connection structures
A sentence with numerous homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses occurs in several variants. So maybe together. For this reason, when parsing, it is not necessary to immediately draw up general scheme or rush to punctuate.
Context analysis
Homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses is parsed according to a certain scheme.
1. Highlighting the grammatical foundations, consider the number of simple elements that make up the structure.
2. They designate all and allied words and, based on this, establish subordinate and main clauses.
3. The main element is defined for all additional ones. As a result, pairs are formed: main-subordinate.
4. Based on the construction of a vertical scheme, the nature of the subordination of subordinate structures is determined. It can be parallel, sequential, homogeneous, combined type.
5. A horizontal scheme is built, based on which punctuation marks are placed.
Analysis of the proposal
Example: The argument is that if your king is here for three days, then you are unconditionally obliged to do what I tell you, and if he does not stay, then I will carry out any order that you give me.
1. This complex sentence contains seven simple ones: The argument is /1 that /2 if your king will be here for three days /3 then you are unconditionally obliged to do /2 what I tell you /4 and / if he does not stay /5 then I will carry out any order /6 that you give me /7.
1) the dispute is;
2) if your king will be here for three days;
3) something ... that you are unconditionally obliged to do that;
4) what I will tell you;
5) if he does not stay;
6) then I will carry out any order;
7) which you will give me.
2. The main sentence is the first (the dispute is that), the rest are subordinate clauses. Only the sixth sentence raises a question (then I will carry out any order).
3. This complex sentence is divided into the following pairs:
1->2: the argument is that... then you are absolutely obligated to do that;
2->3: you are absolutely bound to do this if your king is here for three days;
2->4: you are absolutely bound to do what I tell you;
6->5: I will execute any order if it does not remain;
6->7: I will carry out any order you give me.
Possible difficulties
In the above example, it is somewhat difficult to understand what type the sixth sentence is. In this situation, you need to look at the coordinating conjunction "a". In a complex sentence, it, unlike the subordinating connecting element, may not be located next to the sentence related to it. Based on this, it is necessary to understand what simple elements this union connects. For this, only sentences containing oppositions are left, and the rest are removed. Such parts are 2 and 6. But since sentence 2 refers to clauses, then 6 must also be like that, since it is connected with 2 by a coordinating union. It's easy to check. It is enough to insert a union that has sentence 2, and connect 6 with it with the main one related to 2. Example: The dispute is that I will carry out any order. Based on this, we can say that in both cases there is a homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses, only in 6 the union "what" is omitted.
Conclusion
It turns out that this sentence is complex with homogeneously related subordinate clauses (2 and 6 sentences), in parallel (3-4, 5-7) and sequentially (2-3, 2-4, 6-5, 6-7). To punctuate, you need to define the boundaries of simple elements. This takes into account possible combination on the border of the proposals of several unions.
Dictionary-reference linguistic terms. Ed. 2nd. - M.: Enlightenment. Rosenthal D. E., Telenkova M. A.. 1976 .
See what "sequential submission" is in other dictionaries:
sequential submission
sequential submission- A method of communication in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses, when the subordinate clause of the first degree is subordinate to the main part, and each subsequent clause is connected to the previous one (a second, third, etc. degree arises ... ... Syntax: Dictionary
This article or section describes some linguistic phenomenon in relation to the Russian language only. You can help Wikipedia by adding information about this phenomenon in other languages and typological coverage ... Wikipedia
Connecting sentences using subordinating conjunctions or allied (relative) words. Makar did not even notice before that it seemed to be getting light on the plain (Korolenko). A guide was needed who would know the forest paths well (B. Polevoy). wed…
Subordination, or subordinating connection, is the relation of syntactic inequality between words in a phrase and a sentence, as well as between the predicative parts of a complex sentence. In such a connection, one of the components (words or sentences) ... ... Wikipedia
Subordination, or subordinating connection, is the relation of syntactic inequality between words in a phrase and a sentence, as well as between the predicative parts of a complex sentence. In such a connection, one of the components (words or sentences) ... ... Wikipedia
Firm- (Firm) Definition of a firm, signs and classification of firms Definition of a firm, signs and classification of firms, company concepts Contents Contents Firm Legal Forms The concept of firm and entrepreneurship. The main features and classifications of firms ... ... Encyclopedia of the investor
scheme for analyzing a polynomial complex sentence- 1) the type of sentence by the nature of the main syntactic connection and the number of predicative parts; 2) the type of subordination according to the method of connection of subordinate clauses: a) sequential subordination (indicate the degree of subordination); b) subordination: homogeneous subordination ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal
A complex sentence, which has more than two parts (see parallel subordination, sequential subordination) ... Dictionary of linguistic terms
Considers the structure of phrases and sentences. At the same time, the construction and punctuation of various types of complex sentences usually cause particular difficulty, especially with three or more predicative parts. Consider on concrete examples types of NGN with several subordinate clauses, ways of connecting the main and subordinate parts in them, rules for putting punctuation marks in them.
Complex sentence: definition
To clearly express a thought, we use a different sentence characterized by the fact that two or more predicative parts are distinguished in it. They can be equivalent in relation to each other or enter into a relationship of dependence. NGN is such a sentence in which the subordinate part is subordinate to the main part and joins it with the help of subordinating conjunctions and / or For example, " [Styopka was very tired in the evening], (WHY?) (since he walked at least ten kilometers in a day)". Hereinafter, the main part is denoted, round - dependent. Accordingly, in NGN with several clauses, at least three predicative parts are distinguished, two of which will be dependent: “ [The area, (WHAT?) (which they were passing now), was well known to Andrei Petrovich], (WHY?) (since a good half of his childhood passed here)". It is important to correctly determine the sentences where you need to put commas.
NGN with multiple clauses
A table with examples will help determine what types of complex sentences with three or more predicative parts are divided into.
Type of subordination of the subordinate part of the main | Example |
Sequential | The guys rushed into the river with a running start, the water in which had already warmed up enough, because last days it was incredibly hot. |
Parallel (non-uniform) | When the speaker finished speaking, there was silence in the hall, as the audience was shocked by what they heard. |
Homogeneous | Anton Pavlovich said that reinforcements would soon arrive and that you just need to be patient a little. |
With different types subordination | Nastenka reread the letter for the second time, which was trembling in her hands, and thought that now she would have to quit her studies, that her hopes for new life were not justified. |
Let's figure out how to correctly determine the type of subordination in NGN with several subordinate clauses. The examples above will help.
Sequential submission
In a sentence " [The guys ran into the river] 1 , (the water in which has already warmed up enough) 2 , (because the last few days have been incredibly hot) 3»First, we select three parts. Then, with the help of questions, we establish semantic relationships: [... X], (in which ... X), (because ...). We see that the second part has become the main one for the third.
Let's take another example. " [There was a vase with wild flowers on the table], (which the guys gathered), (when they went to the forest on an excursion)". The scheme of this NGN is similar to the first: [... X], (which ... X), (when ...).
With homogeneous subordination, each subsequent part depends on the previous one. Such NGN with several subordinate clauses - examples confirm this - resemble a chain, where each subsequent link joins the one in front.
Parallel (heterogeneous) subordination
In this case, all subordinate clauses refer to the main part (to the whole part or the word in it), but they answer different questions and differ in meaning. " (When the speaker finished speaking) 1 , [there was silence in the hall] 2 , (as the audience was shocked by what they heard) 3 » . Let's analyze this NGN with several clauses. Its scheme will look like this: (when ...), [... X], (since ...). We see that the first subordinate part (it stands before the main one) denotes time, and the second - the reason. Therefore, they will answer different questions. Second example: [Vladimir certainly needed to find out today] 1, (at what time the train from Tyumen arrives) 2, (in order to have time to meet a friend) 3". The first subordinate clause is explanatory, the second is purpose.
Homogeneous submission
This is the case when it is appropriate to draw an analogy with another well-known syntactic construction. For registration of PP with homogeneous members and such NGN with several subordinate clauses, the rules are the same. Indeed, in the sentence [Anton Pavlovich talked about] 1, (that reinforcements will arrive soon) 2 and (that you just need to be patient a little) 3» subordinate parts - 2nd and 3rd - refer to one word, answer the question "what?" and both are explanatory. In addition, they are interconnected with the help of the union and, which is not preceded by a comma. Imagine this in a diagram: [... X], (what ...) and (what ...).
In NGN with several clauses with homogeneous subordination, any clauses are sometimes used between the clauses coordinating conjunctions- the rules of punctuation will be the same as in the design of homogeneous members - and the subordinating union in the second part may be completely absent. For example, " [He stood at the window for a long time and looked] 1, (as cars drove up to the house one after another) 2 and (workers unloaded building materials) 3».
NGN with several subordinate clauses with different types of subordination
Very often, four or more parts are distinguished as part of a complex sentence. In this case, they can communicate with each other in different ways. Let's look at the example in the table: [Nastenka re-read the letter for the second time, (which was shaking in her hands) 2 , and thought] 1 , (that now she would have to quit her studies) 3 , (that her hopes for a new life were not justified) 4". This is a sentence with parallel (heterogeneous) (P 1,2,3-4) and homogeneous (P 2,3,4) subordination: [... X, (which ...), ... X], (what ...), (what ... ). Or another option: [Tatyana was silent all the way and only looked out the window] 1, (behind which small, closely located villages flickered) 2, (where people fussed) 3 and (work was in full swing) 4)". This is a complex sentence with sequential (P 1,2,3 and P 1,2,4) and homogeneous (P 2,3,4) subordination: [... X], (followed by ...), (where ...) and (... ).
Punctuation marks at the junction of unions
To arrange in a complex sentence, it is usually enough to correctly determine the boundaries of the predicative parts. The complexity, as a rule, is the punctuation of NGN with several subordinate clauses - examples of schemes: [... X], (when, (which ...), ...) or [... X], [... X], (how (with whom ...), then ...) - when two subordinating unions (allied words) are nearby. This is characteristic of sequential submission. In such a case, you need to pay attention to the presence of the second part of the double union in the sentence. For example, " [An open book remained on the sofa] 1, (which, (if there was time) 3, Konstantin would certainly have read to the end) 2 ". Second option: " [I swear] 1 , (that (when I get back from my trip home) 3 , I will definitely visit you and tell you everything in detail) 2 ". When working with such NGN with several clauses, the rules are as follows. If the second clause can be excluded from the sentence without compromising the meaning, a comma is placed between unions (and / or allied words), if not, it is absent. Let's return to the first example: " [There was a book on the sofa] 1, (which had to be finished in time) 2 ". In the second case, if the second subordinate part is excluded, the grammatical structure of the sentence will be violated by the word "that".
Should be remembered
A good assistant in mastering the NGN with several subordinate clauses - exercises, the implementation of which will help consolidate the knowledge gained. In this case, it is better to act according to the algorithm.
- Read the sentence carefully, mark the grammatical foundations in it and indicate the boundaries of the predicative parts ( simple sentences).
- Select all means of communication, not forgetting about compound or used conjunctions.
- Establish semantic connections between the parts: to do this, first find the main one, then ask a question (s) from it to the subordinate (s).
- Build a diagram, showing on it with arrows the dependence of parts on each other, put punctuation marks in it. Move commas into the written sentence.
Thus, attentiveness in the construction and analysis (including punctuation) of a complex sentence - NGN with several specific clauses - and reliance on the above features of this syntactic construction will ensure the correct execution of the proposed tasks.
Only in the third quarter, ninth graders get acquainted with the topic “Types of subordination of subordinate parts in a complex sentence”, but they are preparing for the exam from the beginning of the school year.
Let's try to deal with task 13 in the test part of the OGE. For observation, let us turn to the story of A.P. Chekhov "Dear Lessons"
Recall the wording of this task: “Among the sentences ___ find a complex sentence cuniform submission. Write the number of this proposal. Instead of words in bold style, there may be such words: " with heterogeneous (parallel) subordination" or " with sequential submission».
Decide on symbols, which will help us in analyzing the structure of a complex sentence (abbreviated SPP). To highlight the main part, use square brackets, for the subordinate clause - round (). We will draw up both linear and vertical supply schemes.
First, let's practice drawing up NGN diagrams with one adnexal part. Please note that the position of the subordinate clause can be different: preposition, interposition and postposition. Prefixes in the word "position" already contain an indication of the place of the subordinate clause in the sentence.
Consider examples.
1. Preposition adverbial adverbial goal: (To breathe easier) 1, [he always works in a nightgown] 2.
2. Interposition of adverbial adverbial time: [The next day in the evening, (when the clock showed five minutes to seven) 2, Alisa Osipovna came] 1 .
3. Postposition of the adverbial adverbial tense: [Vorotov felt this strongly] 1, (when, having left the university with a candidate's degree, he took up a small scientific work) 2.
In the first example, we found the clause at the beginning of the sentence, in the second - in the middle, in the third - at the end of the SPP.
Let us explain that complex sentences there may be various cases of complications in the text, and if you do not recognize them, you can get confused, so we will explain these complications in each example. So, in the third sentence, the subordinate clause is complicated by a separate circumstance, expressed participle turnover(abbreviated to).
Determine if the following three examples any type of complications. What is the position of the adjective in them?
2) Her facial expression was cold, businesslike, like that of a person who came to talk about money.
3) If this strange proposal had been made by a minor, then, probably, she would have been angry and shouted.
You should have noticed that in the first two sentences the clause is in postposition, but in last example— in preposition.
So, let's check our observation.
2. [The expression on her face was cold business, like a person] 1 , (who came to talk about money) 2 .
3. (If this strange proposal was made by a minor) 1, [then, probably, she would be angry and shouted] 2 .
Line diagrams are very convenient.
Now let's find out what types of complications we encountered here. The first sentence has standalone application, expressed by a proper name, and homogeneous predicates. In the second, a separate circumstance expressed by a comparative turnover, and homogeneous definitions are in the main part. And, finally, in the third sentence there is an introductory word and homogeneous predicates in the main part.
We will not introduce all these complications into the schemes, since only homogeneous predicates play the main role in the structure of the NGN, and yet we will keep them in mind.
Now let's get acquainted with the types of subordination in NGN, which have several subordinate parts.
It is difficult to say exactly which type is more common, most likely, various combinations and mixed cases are possible, when several types of submission can be in one NGN. But you will not find such examples on the exam.
Let's analyze the proposal:
And he also asked her if she wanted tea or coffee, if the weather was good outside.
In this sentence, from the main part to two explanatory clauses, we ask the same question "about what?", These clauses can easily be interchanged with each other, they are very similar to homogeneous members sentences and are connected to the main one with the help of the conjunction LI.
[And he also asked her] 1 , (does she want to tea or coffee) 2 , (is the weather good outside) 3 .
To compare the two types of schemes, we offer both: linear and vertical.
NGN SCHEMES with homogeneous subordination:
This way of submission is called homogeneous. If there were more than two subordinate parts with a similar structure, then one of the unions LI would be omitted to avoid repetition. But restoring it is very easy.
Consider another suggestion:
Now we find the main and subordinate parts, draw up diagrams.
[On one winter afternoon, (when Vorotov sat in my office and have worked) 2 , the footman reported] 1 , (that some young lady asked him) 3 .
NGN SCHEMES with heterogeneous (parallel) subordination:
Here, from the main part, we ask two different questions: the lackey reported "when?" and "about what?". The accessory parts are no longer homogeneous, they have different meaning: one of them is adverbial tense, the other is explanatory. This method is called parallel.
Now let's look at the last example.
Only once did her face flicker with bewilderment when she found out that she was invited to teach not children, but an adult, fat person.
We come to the conclusion that the adnexal parts also answer different questions: there was a flash of bewilderment "when?", she found out "about what?". We ask these questions not from the main part, but sequentially: from the first subordinate to the second subordinate part.
[Just once, a look of bewilderment flashed across her face] 1 , (when she found out) 2 , (that she was invited to teach not children, a adult, fat man) 3 .
NGN SCHEMES with serial subordination:
This way of subordination is called sequential.
For self-examination, we offer five suggestions. Be aware that you may encounter mixed type subordination, if there are more than two subordinate parts.
Self test
1) Alisa Osipovna, with a cold, businesslike expression, answered him that she had completed her course at a private boarding school and had the rights of a home teacher, that her father had recently died of scarlet fever, her mother was alive and was making flowers ...
2) She apologized and said that she could only study for half an hour, as she would go straight to the ball from the lesson.
3) And Vorotov, looking at her embarrassment, realized how dear the ruble was for her and how hard it would be for her to lose this income.
4) She, apparently, did not want her gentlemen to know that she had students and that she gave lessons out of need.
Clue!
Here, unions are highlighted in color, and all complications are in italics:
1. [Alisa Osipovna with cold business answered him with an expression] 1, (that she finished the course in a private boarding school) 2 and (has the rights of a home teacher) 3, (that her father had recently died of scarlet fever) 4, (mother is alive ) 5 and (makes flowers) 6...
2. [She apologized and said] 1 , (which can only be done for half an hour) 2 , (since the lesson will go straight to the ball) 3 .
3. [And Vorotov, looking at her embarrassment, understood] 1, (how dear the ruble was for her) 2 and (how hard it would be for her to lose this income) 3 .
4. [Hey, apparently, didn’t want] 1, (for her gentlemen to know) 2, (that she has students) 3 and (that she gives lessons out of need) 4 .
Now let's read the whole story in full.
A.P. Chekhov
Dear Lessons
For an educated person, ignorance of languages is a great inconvenience. Vorotov felt this strongly when, having left the university with a Ph.D., he took up a small scientific work.
It's horrible! - he said breathlessly (despite his twenty-six years, he is plump, heavy and suffers from shortness of breath). - It's horrible! Without tongues I am like a bird without wings. Just quit your job.
And he decided at all costs to overcome his innate laziness and learn French and German languages and started looking for teachers.
One winter afternoon, when Vorotov was sitting in his office and working, the footman reported that some young lady was asking him.
Ask, - said Vorotov.
And a young, in the latest fashion, elegantly dressed young lady entered the office. She introduced herself as a teacher French, Alisa Osipovna Anket, and said that one of his friends sent her to Vorotov.
Very nice! Sit down! - said Vorotov, panting and covering the collar of his nightgown with his palm. (To breathe easier, he always works in a nightgown.) - Pyotr Sergeyevich sent you to me? Yes, yes... I asked him... Very happy!
Negotiating with m-lle Annette, he looked at her shyly and with curiosity. She was a real, very elegant Frenchwoman, still very young. On the face, pale and languid, on the short curly hair and with an unnaturally thin waist, she could have been given no more than 18 years; glancing at her broad, well-developed shoulders, beautiful back and stern eyes, Vorotov thought that she must be at least 23 years old, perhaps even all 25; but then again it began to seem that she was only 18. Her expression was cold, business-like, like that of a person who came to talk about money. She never smiled, did not frown, and only once did a flash of bewilderment flash across her face when she learned that she had been invited to teach not children, but an adult, fat person.
So, Alisa Osipovna, - Vorotov told her, - we will study daily from seven to eight in the evening. As for your desire to receive a ruble per lesson, I have nothing to object to. For the ruble - so for the ruble ...
And he also asked her if she wanted tea or coffee, if the weather was good outside, and, smiling good-naturedly, stroking the cloth on the table with his palm, he amiably inquired who she was, where she finished her course and how she lives.
Alisa Osipovna, with a cold, business-like expression, answered him that she had completed her course at a private boarding school and had the rights of a home teacher, that her father had recently died of scarlet fever, that her mother was alive and making flowers, that she, m lle Anket, studied at a private school until lunchtime. boarding house, and after dinner, until the evening, walks along good houses and gives lessons.
She left, leaving behind a light, very delicate smell of a woman's dress. Vorotov did not work for a long time afterwards, but sitting at the table, stroking the green cloth with his palms and meditating.
"It's very nice to see girls earning a piece of bread for themselves," he thought. - On the other hand, it is very unpleasant to see that even such graceful and pretty girls as this Alisa Osipovna are not spared by need, and she also has to fight for existence. Trouble!.. "
He, who had never seen virtuous French women, also thought that this elegantly dressed Alisa Osipovna, with well-developed shoulders and exaggerated slim waist, in all likelihood, besides the lessons, doing something else.
The next day in the evening, when the clock showed five minutes to seven, Alisa Osipovna came in, pink from the cold; she opened the Margot she had brought with her and began without preamble:
French grammar has twenty-six letters. The first letter is A, the second B...
Guilty, ”Vorotov interrupted her, smiling. “I must warn you, mademoiselle, that for me personally you will have to change your method somewhat. The fact is that I know Russian, Latin and Greek... studied comparative linguistics, and, it seems to me, we can, bypassing Margot, directly start reading some author.
And he explained to the Frenchwoman how adults learn languages.
One of my acquaintances, he said, wanting to learn new languages, put the French, German and Latin gospels in front of him, read them in parallel, and painstakingly analyzed each word, and so what? He achieved his goal in less than one year. We will do so too. Let's take some author and we will read.
The Frenchwoman looked at him in bewilderment. Apparently, Vorotov's proposal seemed to her very naive and absurd. If this strange proposal had been made by a minor, she would probably have been angry and shouted, but since there was a grown-up and very fat person at whom it was impossible to shout, she only shrugged her shoulders barely perceptibly and said:
As you wish.
Vorotov rummaged through his bookcase and pulled out a tattered French book.
Is it good? - he asked.
Doesn't matter.
In that case, let's get started. God bless. Let's start with the title... Memoires.
Memories, - translated m-lle Anket.
Memories... repeated Vorotov. Smiling good-naturedly and breathing heavily, he fiddled with the word memoires for a quarter of an hour and the same with the word de, and this tired Alisa Osipovna. She answered questions languidly, confused, and apparently did not understand her student well and did not try to understand. Vorotov offered her questions, while he himself looked at her blond head and thought: “Her hair is not naturally curly, it curls. Marvelous! He works from morning to night and still manages to curl.
Exactly at eight o'clock she got up and, saying a dry, cold "au revoir, monsieur" (goodbye, sir - fr.), went out of the office, and after her all that gentle, subtle, exciting smell remained. The student again did nothing for a long time, sat at the table and thought.
In the days that followed, he became convinced that his teacher, the young lady, was sweet, serious and tidy, but that she was very uneducated and did not know how to teach adults; and he decided not to waste time, to part with her and invite another teacher. When she came for the seventh time, he took out an envelope with seven rubles from his pocket and, holding it in his hands, became very embarrassed and began like this:
Excuse me, Alisa Osipovna, but I must tell you... I have been placed in a dire need...
Glancing at the envelope, the Frenchwoman guessed what was the matter, and for the first time in all the lessons her face trembled, and cold, business expression disappeared. She blushed slightly and, lowering her eyes, began nervously fingering her thin skin. gold chain. And Vorotov, looking at her embarrassment, realized how dear the ruble was to her and how hard it would be for her to lose this income.
I have to tell you ... - he muttered, even more embarrassed, and something sank in his chest; he hurriedly thrust the envelope into his pocket and continued:
Excuse me, I... I'll leave you for ten minutes...
And pretending that he did not want to refuse her at all, but only asked permission to leave her for a while, he went into another room and sat there for ten minutes. And then came back even more confused; he realized that this departure of his a short time she could explain in her own way, and he was embarrassed.
The lessons started again.
Vorotov worked without any desire. Knowing that nothing would come of the lessons, he gave the Frenchwoman full rein, did not ask her about anything and did not interrupt. She translated as she wanted, ten pages in one lesson, but he did not listen, he breathed heavily, and, having nothing to do, looked at the curly head, then the neck, then the delicate white hands, inhaled the smell of her dress ...
He would catch himself thinking bad thoughts, and he would feel ashamed, or else he would be touched, and then he would feel chagrin and annoyance because she treated him so coldly, businesslike, as with a student, without smiling and as if afraid that he would touch her. to her by accident. He kept thinking: how to inspire confidence in her, get to know her better, then help her, let her know how badly she teaches, poor thing.
Alisa Osipovna once came to a lesson in a smart pink dress, with a small neckline, and such a fragrance came from her that it seemed as if she was shrouded in a cloud, as if one had only to blow on her, she would fly or dissipate like smoke. She apologized and said that she could only study for half an hour, as she would go straight from class to the ball.
He looked at her neck and at her back, bare near the neck, and seemed to understand why it was French women who enjoyed the reputation of frivolous and easily falling creatures; he was drowning in this cloud of aromas, beauty, nakedness, and she, not knowing his thoughts and probably not at all interested in them, quickly turned over the pages and translated at full speed:
- "He walked in the street and met the gentleman of his acquaintance and said:" Where are you rushing, seeing your face so pale, it hurts me.
The Memoires had long been finished, and now Alice was translating some other book. Once she came to the lesson an hour earlier, apologizing for the fact that at seven o'clock she had to go to the Maly Theater. After seeing her off after class, Vorotov got dressed and also went to the theatre. He went, as it seemed to him, only to rest, to have fun, and he had no thoughts about Alice. He could not allow a serious person, preparing for a scientific career, hard on his feet, to give up business and go to the theater only to meet there with an unfamiliar, not smart, little intelligent girl ...
But for some reason, during the intermissions, his heart was beating, he, without noticing it, how the boy ran along the foyer and along the corridors, impatiently looking for someone; and he grew bored when the intermission was over; and when he saw the familiar pink dress and beautiful shoulders under the tulle, his heart sank, as if from a premonition of happiness, he smiled joyfully and for the first time in his life experienced a jealous feeling.
Alice was walking with some two ugly students and an officer. She laughed, spoke loudly, evidently flirted; Vorotov had never seen her like this. Obviously, she was happy, satisfied, sincere, warm. From what? Why? Because, perhaps, these people were close to her, from the same circle as she... And Vorotov felt a terrible gulf between himself and this circle. He bowed to his teacher, but she nodded coldly to him and quickly passed by; she, apparently, did not want her gentlemen to know that she had students and that she gave lessons out of need.
After meeting at the theater, Vorotov realized that he was in love ... During the next lessons, devouring his graceful teacher with his eyes, he no longer fought with himself, but gave full speed to your pure and impure thoughts. Alisa Osipovna's face did not cease to be cold, at exactly eight o'clock every evening she calmly said "au revoir, monsieur", and he felt that she was indifferent to him and would be indifferent and that his situation was hopeless.
Sometimes, in the middle of a lesson, he began to dream, hope, make plans, mentally compose a love explanation, recall that French women are frivolous and malleable, but all he had to do was look at the teacher’s face for his thoughts to instantly go out, like a candle goes out when it’s windy in the country take it out to the terrace. Once he, drunk, forgetting, as if in delirium, could not stand it and, blocking her way, when she went out of the office into the hall after the lesson, panting and stuttering, began to declare his love:
You are dear to me! I... I love you! Let me speak!
And Alice turned pale - probably from fear, realizing that after this explanation it would no longer be possible for her to come here and receive a ruble for a lesson; she made frightened eyes and whispered loudly:
Oh, it's impossible! Don't speak, please! It is forbidden!
And then Vorotov did not sleep all night, was tormented by shame, scolded himself, thought hard. It seemed to him that with his explanation he had offended the girl, that she would no longer come to him.
He decided to find out her address in the address table in the morning and write her an apology letter. But Alice came without a letter. For the first minute she felt awkward, but then she opened the book and began to translate quickly and glibly, as always:
"Oh, young master, don't tear those flowers in my garden that I want to give to my sick daughter..."
She walks until today. Four books have already been translated, but Vorotov knows nothing but the word "memoires", and when asked about his scientific work, he waves his hand and, without answering the question, starts talking about the weather.
Connecting sentences using subordinating conjunctions or allied (relative) words. Makar did not even notice before that it seemed to be getting light on the plain (Korolenko).
If different, then this is a parallel subordination. From one sentence questions are raised to subordinate clauses or from different ones? Among sentences 712, find a COMPLEX SUBJECT SENTENCE with homogeneous subordinate clauses (7) The artist, who stepped on the stage, becomes a working tool himself. Among sentences 6 7 find a complex sentence with a serial connection. Find a SPP with successive subordination of subordinate clauses 1. The whole difficulty lies in the fact that the grain appears and that it falls into favorable conditions.
Complex sentence
NGN is a sentence, the parts of which are connected by subordinating unions. Subordinating unions - what, because, if, although, in order to, how, when, in order to, like many others. NGN with a comma at the junction of 2 unions has a consistent subordination. From the main clause to the subordinate clause, we always give a question. 3. The subordinate clause is always separated from the main one by commas.
Combined submission. Homogeneous subordinate clauses, like homogeneous members, have same value, answer the same question and depend on one word in the main clause. It should be borne in mind that with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses, it is possible to skip the union or allied in the second (third) clause.
1. Determine the type of sentence according to the purpose of the statement (narrative, interrogative, incentive). 2. Specify the type of offer for emotional coloring(exclamatory or non-exclamatory).
Complex sentences of a complicated structure
Much more often in the texts there are sentences of three or more parts in which several subordinate clauses are used. The arrows show where exactly we ask the question to the subordinate clause (from the end of the previous part, from the beginning or from the middle). It can be seen from this diagram that the second part breaks the first one, since the question is asked from the middle of the main sentence. AT this example the homogeneity of the parts is established simply: between them is the union AND, while in both parts the union HOW is repeated. Pay attention to punctuation with homogeneous clauses. In previous sentences, subordinate clauses were joined using the same unions.
And on this day, when the count had already left, Alexander tried to seize a moment to talk with Nadenka alone (A. Goncharov). After saying hello, dad said that he would beat us back in the village, that we had ceased to be small and that it was time for us to study seriously (L.N. Tolstoy).
It consists of three ordinary sentences: the first is the main one, the others are additional clauses. In this sentence there is a combination of subordinating conjunctions at the junction of sentences 2 and 3 (which is in that case). In addition, the coordinating alliance a, which refers to sentence 6, comes before sentence 5, forming a combination of conjunctions with a subordinating conjunction in that case (and in that case). By general rules they must share commas, but then the 2nd part of the double union follows in that case ... What are the rules for punctuation in a complex sentence? What are the conditions for the inevitable dismemberment of a compound union in a complex sentence? Where can I find exercises on the topic "Complex Subordinate Sentences"?
Read the sentence carefully, mark the grammatical foundations in it and indicate the boundaries of the predicative parts (simple sentences). Establish semantic connections between the parts: to do this, first find the main one, then ask a question (s) from it to the subordinate (s). 2. The sentence consists of five parts, connected by a homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. 13. Analyze complex polynomial sentences with subordination. Trying to instill a love for complex sentences and children. I say that you can give one sentence for analysis and understand how well the student knows Syntax.
First, let's practice drawing up NGN diagrams with one subordinate part. Prefixes in the word "position" already contain an indication of the place of the subordinate clause in the sentence. Let us clarify that complex sentences in the text can have various complications, and if you do not recognize them, you can get confused, so we will explain these complications in each example. If there were more than two subordinate parts with a similar structure, then one of the unions LI would be omitted to avoid repetition. Why? Because, perhaps, these people were close to her, from the same circle as she... And Vorotov felt a terrible gulf between himself and this circle. Four books have already been translated, but Vorotov knows nothing but the word "memoires", and when asked about his scientific work, he waves his hand and, without answering the question, starts talking about the weather.
You will learn about all this in the lesson. Exercises, tests and simulators must be performed not only in order to master the topic, but also as a means of repeating the "Complex sentence" section. We ask a question from the main part: sad to think about what? that youth was given to us in vain. 1st subordinate clause - explanatory. One more question from the main one: what kind of thirst? which burns me - the relative attributive. But we are already asking the question from the subordinate measure and degree. We ask questions: which one? who in his youth did not bind himself with strong ties to an external and wonderful deed, or at least to honest and useful work - an adjective pronoun. The next question: can he consider his youth completely lost no matter what? no matter how fun it was - a subordinate concession.