Is the mind subject to something? I think not, and even feelings are not able to force a reasonable and strong personality... I think that a person who is not deprived of reason, a priori, cannot have any duty to feelings, because the sense of duty itself is imposed to a greater extent by society, and reasonable person, as it seems to me, does not depend on society. So, talking about "debt" in this situation is not entirely appropriate. However, if you do not start from the word "duty" itself, you can try to delve into the question of whether feelings are necessary for someone who has reason, and can feelings and reason simultaneously exist in the life of one person?
Feelings are at the same time joy and sorrow, euphoria and depression, disappointment and admiration - and together all this constitutes human happiness, if happiness, in principle, can be interpreted somehow. Should an intelligent person be happy, or does happiness become a rudiment when intelligence appears? It seems to me that he should, because only a person who is deprived of reason can deprive himself of the already rare joys and turn life into a routine and empty existence. However, there are many examples when a person, reaching a certain level of mental development, simply ceased to see the meaning in feelings, was afraid of them, or simply did not have the opportunity to enjoy them. This is the power of reason and the paradox of our existence: a person can forcibly force himself not to feel feelings, being afraid negative consequences, and may even completely lose the ability to feel, the ability to enjoy life and experience satisfaction from it, without wanting to.
So it happened with the hero of Jack London's novel "Martin Eden". Martin started his mental activity thanks to feelings: love for a well-mannered and educated Ruth pushed him to persistent mental development: in a year he completely changed his worldview and turned from a sailor, a representative of the working class, into an educated writer, whose works became bestsellers and gained worldwide popularity. However, simultaneously with the development of thinking, feelings of admiration for the "upper" class, for the bourgeoisie, began to disappear, feelings for Ruth began to fade away, she no longer seemed an inaccessible heavenly body, and her mental abilities and outlook began to have a completely different color. In other words, Martin was disappointed and disappointed in everything. Having achieved money and fame, having achieved high level mental and creative development, the hero no longer experienced the previous feelings and emotions and even stopped feeling zeal for life - it seemed to him that he understood and experienced everything, which means that his life would lose all meaning in the future, and, realizing his own helplessness in this situations, found a way out only in suicide.
However, the true fool is one who misses the opportunity to feel, voluntarily condemning himself to loneliness and unhappiness. The protagonist of the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin" possessed the so-called "blues" - a lack of zeal for life, for communication, for feelings, for emotions, but he had the opportunity to bring more colors into his existence. If the hero reciprocated Tatiana, if he decided to accept her feelings and enjoy them, maybe his life would have at least some meaning, and maybe he would not have made those fatal mistakes from which he later escaped ... Should Eugene take advantage of Tatyana's recognition, accept her love and, who knows, perhaps give her reciprocal feelings over time? I think I should, however, he realized this too late, which was the tragedy of his whole life.
Thus, we can conclude that a reasonable person should live with feelings, if he has such an opportunity, because feelings are what constitutes a person's happiness, but is there any point in being consciously unhappy? However, the paradox lies in the fact that along with reason often comes “apathy”, rejection of the need for feelings, atrophy of emotions, and this is the tragedy of some thinking people.
Happiness is a desirable goal for most people. Everyone has their own idea of it. And questions: “How do you need to live in order to be happy? Mind or feeling? Should feeling prevail over reason? Or is submission to the voice of reason the only path leading to happiness? " - remain open. Writers, classics, who have always correctly felt the subtle soul of a person, tried to find an answer.
So, Bazarov, the main character works of I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons", of course, lived by reason, but rather even reason. Analysis, reasoning, skepticism - these are his constant companions. Forbidding himself to feel, he also did not understand and did not appreciate the feelings of those around him (the father and son of the Kirsanovs, his parents). Even after he fell in love with Odintsov, the hero continued to live, thinking over his every next step. Frightened by feelings, he preferred to hide behind indifference and cynicism. Captivated by the beauty of Anna Sergeevna, he obscenely remarks: “Such a rich body! At least now to the anatomical theater! " And later, assessing her intelligence, he rudely speaks of her as a "woman with a brain."
But cynicism is a poor defense for a suffering soul. And in the end, without finding happiness, Bazarov falls into a state of blues, indifference to his own life, which leads him to an early death.
But is it the only reason that can lead to unhappiness? Maybe feelings and emotions are also capable of plunging a person into a state of despair?
L.N. Tolstoy in his novel War and Peace shows us in many episodes that this is so. A storm of feelings, emotions, a desire to love and be loved overwhelmed Natasha Rostova, when Anatol Kuragin began to court her, waiting for her fiancé, Andrei Bolkonsky. Without realizing herself, she was ready to run away with him from her home, into the unknown, leaving in the past her fiancé, parents, her honor, her former life. Undoubtedly, such actions could not do good. Subsequently, she bitterly regretted the perfect thing. But who knows if she would have been able to live at all, would she have forgiven herself if she had run away, succumbing to emotions? Having succumbed to a sudden impulse, a vague hope of happiness?
Nevertheless, in the literature there are examples when heroes find happiness, living mainly either by reason or by feelings. So, in Goncharov's novel Oblomov, rational Stolz and Oblomov, living with feelings, despite differences in upbringing, beliefs, behavior, attitude to life, eventually found a family, peace of mind, and became happy.
So what's the best way to live? Reason? Feelings? Or find harmony between them?
I think the latter is closer to the truth. It is important to understand when you can give vent to your feelings, and when you need to follow the voice of reason. This is the only way a person can live in harmony with himself, which means he can be truly happy.
405 words
Composition by Anastasia Koshkina
If Aristotle defined a person as homo sapiens, by this he defined not so much a fact as a guideline for a way of life: "Man is the one who lives." In all centuries, in all world religions, people have been taught to pacify their passions, clear their minds of heated emotions and more often live in spirit. For Christians, "passions" are an obstacle to the soul's admiration for God.
According to St. Theophan the Recluse, “God created our nature pure from passions. But when we fell away from God and, dwelling on ourselves, instead of God began to love ourselves and to please ourselves in every possible way, then in this self we perceived all the passions that are rooted in it and are born from it. "
In Islam, the concept of "nafs", that is, this bodily-sensual essence of a person, is compared with a horse: if a horse is unbridled, it must be fought with; if it is curbed, it must be controlled. For secular people, the Age of Enlightenment proclaimed the supremacy of reason and the need to subordinate to reason all other principles in man and society.
"Timeless, ahistorically understood, always identical to itself" rationality "as opposed to" delusions "," passions "," sacraments "was considered by the enlighteners as a universal means of improving society." - Pavel Gurevich. Philosophy of man. Part 2. Chapter 3. The Age of Enlightenment: the discovery of the subject.
However, times are changing, and starting somewhere in the 60s of the twentieth century, there is a massive propaganda of views "above reason". Previously, it was written about only in women's novels, but soon it moved into quasi-spiritual literature (Osho about the priority of intuition and feelings), became fashionable in the books of Paulo Coelho ("live with feelings!") And soon became a common place in gestalt therapy.
"Feeling is closer to intuition. I do not expect the impossible, I do not say:" Be intuitive "- you cannot do this. Right now you can do only one thing - go from head to feeling, that will be enough. Then from feeling to intuition go it will be very easy. But the transition from thinking to intuition is very difficult. They do not meet, they are polar to each other. " - Osho.
The only place where respect for reason is still preserved and it is proposed to remove feelings when solving serious issues is business. If, when deciding on the placement of shares, you bring the boss not an analysis of stock market reports, but refer to your inner feelings, you will soon have to leave the position of a financial consultant.
The slogan "live with feelings" became fashionable when women entered the public scene. Women are great at living with their heads, women are smart and practical, but women like to live with feelings, and where they can afford it, they do it. At work, a woman thinks well, is responsible and reasonable. But only a text message from her lover was displayed on the phone, the woman turns off her head and answers no longer as smart, but as is customary in female culture - impulsively, on the sails of feelings and emotions. When forming decisions in her business plan, a woman calmly considers the risks, but if her child is ill, her reaction is more often emotional: her head turns off, anxiety and anxiety go.
Living with the senses or living with the head are two fundamentally different lifestyles. If a person lives with feelings, then he lives his luck through his feelings - through the feeling of joy, lightness and enthusiasm. If a person lives by feelings, then he lives through the mistakes he makes through his feelings - through feelings of guilt, experience, repentance and redemption. This is how he lives. If a person lives by reason, his life pattern is different: "I thought - I did it." More: comprehended, evaluated, rethought and made conclusions, set a task, corrected behavior, evaluated the results, set the following tasks. This is how a rational person acts.
Why do some people live with their senses and others with their heads? First of all, this is the result of education. As people have been taught, so they live.
I lived among those who always turned on the head - I used to live the same way. I lived among those who have always lived with feelings, for me it became my life norm. Children and some girls are so accustomed to living with feelings that they, that one day you can be guided by your head.
Age and gender characteristics play a certain role. Children often live with feelings adulthood assumes a large role of reason, however, where people can choose their way of life on their own, men are more often guided by reason, women - by feelings.
Against the background of a hormonal storm, it is really difficult to turn on the head, and if a girl is expected to have a rather soft character than a sharp mind, then the habit of “turning on her head” may not develop. And it will be difficult to turn on the head.
Is it difficult to live with your head on? It can be difficult to turn on the head often at first, but over time it becomes easier and easier. On the one hand, the head learns to think always and it becomes natural, just like using a spoon and fork while eating (this is no longer annoying, moreover, without this, it’s even somehow uncomfortable, right?), On the other hand, in the process of life, many similar situations will gradually be solved by the worked out templates, automatically. You do everything right, and your head is free. See Patterns: Harm or Benefit.
A fragment from the TV series "Sex in big city": Samantha decided to have an affair with a rich man. He made her VERY expensive gifts, but when she saw him naked, Samantha CHECKED and ran away (well, with gifts). feelings, then there are no ethical claims to her. Well, what do you want from a woman in feelings? "
Those who do not turn on their heads and live with feelings, and other troubles, and in the presence of at least some intelligence with age, the understanding comes: "it is useful to think." but modern life arranged in such a way that it is quite possible to live your life without including your head, in difficult situations you can just cry, and in very difficult situations, kind relatives and social security assistance will always help. The only question is - would you yourself want to live next to such a person? Will you teach this to your children?
Appreciate the mind, live with your head. Learn to think, more often turn to the mind - and to your own mind, and to the minds of the people around you. Does this mean that you need to live without emotions? Of course not! Just distinguish between left and right emotionality. Indeed, there is impressionability and impulsive response, and there is the power of temperament and emotional expressiveness. The tendency to splash out feelings, impressionability and impulsive reactions is more of a problematic feature and a bad habit that makes people worry, make stupid purchases and make decisions that the person himself and those around him will regret. This is left emotionality. On the other hand, high energy of emotions, expressive gestures and strength of temperament - useful tool and a good personality trait, since it is easily combined with the reasonableness of decisions and behavior. This is the right emotionality, it is joyful, useful and great.
Smart people emotions paint life, but in a situation they are able to push aside emotions and turn to the mind.
If your emotions coincide with what you came to with your head - great, include emotions. If emotions contradict the head - remove them. It is not obvious that with your head you will always come to best solutions, but this will mean not that you need to live with feelings, but that you need to become a more educated person and learn to think better.
For modern man the mind is important, first of all. It is on him that we focus, taking important decisions... But what about feelings? After all, they also play a certain role in our life. Should a reasonable person live by feelings?
At one of the stages of evolution, people separated from the animal world. This happened, no doubt, thanks to reason. Years, centuries, millennia passed. Epochs followed each other. Civilization did not stand still. Discoveries were made in science, technical innovations appeared, new lands were mastered - reason moved humanity forward.
However, our existence would hardly be full if we did not from time to time surrender to the power of various feelings: love and hate, friendship and hostility, joy and grief, pride and disappointment.
We have a different temperament different tempers, dissimilar destinies. And therefore life values ours are different. Some people live exclusively by reason, always making conscious, balanced decisions. Others are accustomed to listening only to the voice of the heart and intuition.
We find many examples of unequal and sometimes directly opposite attitudes towards life in the literature.
Natasha Rostova, the heroine of Leo Tolstoy's epic novel, lives with feelings, thinking little about the causes and consequences of her actions. She rejoices and falls in love, is sad and yearning, makes mistakes and experiences remorse. All this outwardly looks unusually natural and cute. It is no coincidence that Natasha is adored by the household; men cannot resist such childish spontaneity and sincerity of feelings. Denisov falls in love with the girl, she wins the hearts of Pierre Bezukhov and Andrei Bolkonsky, Boris Drubetskoy and Anatol Kuragin are fond of her. This example shows what an attractive force sincere feelings have for a person.
The hero of the same work, Andrei Bolkonsky, until a certain time follows reason, and feelings in his fate do not play any noticeable role. However, a lot changes when Bolkonsky fell in love with Natasha. Love illuminates Andrey's life, filling it with new meaning, making it bright and rich. The prince had a chance to experience a whole gamut of feelings: joy from reciprocity, bitterness from loss, jealousy, hatred.
At the same time, Andrei does not lose the rational principle - on the contrary, love enriches the life of the mind with new shades, facets. On the eve of the battle at Borodino, like ordinary soldiers, Bolkonsky feels "the warmth of patriotism." But love for the Fatherland, as they say, is the highest manifestation of reason. At the end of his life, Andrei comprehends the main wisdom - love for God. It turns out that the secret of human happiness lies in harmonious combination reason and feeling. Isn't that what the life of Tolstoy's hero proves?
So, despite the decisive role of reason, feelings are of great importance for each of us. They brighten up our existence, adding new meaning to it. To live only with feelings, of course, is not worth it. But they cannot be ignored either.
How to live with reason or feelings?
How to live, mind or feelings? There are two poles in this matter: reason and feelings. Likewise, the two opposites in the novel by I. Goncharov "An Ordinary History". These are Alexander and Peter Ivanovich, feelings and reason.
Using Alexander as an example, we will consider a person who lives only by feelings. Alexander sees at the beginning of the novel the whole world through "rose-colored glasses". It seems to him that everyone loves him, and he loves everyone. He believes in love to the grave and eternal friendship. But upon arrival in St. Petersburg, his lenses are cracking in his "glasses", and he sees everything in a new, more natural light for that time. At the moment of Alexander's meeting with the reality, his dreams and ideas crash against the "stone wall" of reality and inflict mental wounds on him. The life of a romantic is not sweet, in it more grief than happiness. The romantic wants his whole life to be happiness, and behind his continuous dreams he does not see true happiness and cannot rejoice in it. Such people cannot reason soberly, and often because of this, not only they suffer, but also those around them.
Now let us consider a person who lives only by reason, as exemplified by Pyotr Ivanovich. The life of such a person is boring and monotonous. He becomes a "machine" that is capable of working for a place in society and fortune, but does not have a soul and feelings. For such a "machine" happiness lies in good condition, and grief in a large monetary loss. Even these "robots" go to marriage if the bride is rich and has a position in society. People who surround such a "machine" have a very bad life, because the machine is not capable of sympathizing and loving, it can only issue "advice", more precisely, harsh, petrified phrases.
It is impossible to live only by feelings or reason. Living feelings do not have enough sobriety in their actions, they and their lives are like a fire that flashed brightly for a second and then irrevocably extinguished. Those who live by reason are like the "Snow Queen" who lives in icy palaces, where everything is dead and cold.
A person must combine both feelings and reason, only then he will be able to live truly fully, creating comfort both for himself and for those around him.