Poliektova Daria
The project work contains a small study of the education system in different countries of the world in order to compare the characteristics of school education on different continents and the relationship of the education index with the development of the economy in the country.
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EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE PANORAMA OF THE COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD The presentation of the project was carried out by a student of the 9th grade of the Kesovogorsk secondary school Poliektova Daria 2014
Relevance of the project To classify the countries of the world, many different indicators are used, which can be used to compile a brief description of the country's features. One of these indicators is the human potential index, the criterion of which is the education index, in the calculation of which two indicators are taken: the adult literacy rate and the total proportion of students in the population. What picture can you paint of a country if you know the number of literates and the number of students in the population? Hypothesis: Do digital indicators of the education index affect economic characteristics countries?
Goals and objectives of the project The aim of the project: to compare education systems in different countries of the world. Tasks: Conduct a study of the structure of education systems in the countries of the world of each continent. 2. Compare the features of school education in different countries of the world. 3. Classify countries by education index and economy. 4. Arouse interest in education among the audience.
There are 289 states in the world
Japan Education in Japan is a cult supported by the family, society and state. The saying “live and learn” is quite applicable to the Japanese education system. In their lives, the Japanese study for almost a quarter of a century, starting from the age of 3, that is, from kindergarten. In elementary school, children study from 6 to 12 years. After finishing the sixth grade, young Japanese, having mastered the phonetic alphabet, receive only basic knowledge of hieroglyphic writing. By the end of elementary school, they have mastered about a thousand characters. In elementary school, where the Japanese spend three years, the amount of characters increased to 2,000. foreign language, the basics of technology, home economics, musical literacy, receive primary knowledge in art history. This completes compulsory education. The next stage is the secondary school of the second stage, in which students study until the age of 18. This is paid education.
France Education in France is compulsory from 6 to 16 years of age. Basic principles of French education: freedom of teaching (public and private institutions), free education, neutrality of education. The schedule in the primary grades, set by the French Ministry of Education, in various disciplines provides sufficient time for each of the 7 main areas of education. mastery of speech and French; life together; mathematics; knowledge of the world; art education. Secondary education is divided into two stages (college and lyceum) and lasts seven years. College education is compulsory, lasts four years (from sixth to third grade) and is divided into three cycles: Adaptation Cycle - Sixth Grade Central Cycle - Fifth and Fourth Grade Vocational Orientation Cycle - Third Grade
India The country ranks seventh in the world in terms of area and second in terms of population. India is a country with rich ancient traditions. Children in India go to school from the age of 4. In some schools, children are taught separately. They study 6 days a week, 6-8 lessons. The school studies Hindi, English, mathematics, computer science, history, geography and natural sciences (chemistry, physics, biology), from grades 6 to 10 - Sanskrit. From grades 10 to 12, students can study in depth the subjects they have chosen, which they choose on their own, as well as teachers. There are summer and winter holidays, as well as various national and religious holidays. Summer holidays last from May to June. On the first of July the children go to school. Winter holidays start at the end of December and last approximately 10 days.
USA Speaking of American schools, I would like to add that in America there is no single central system of secondary education. Each state has its own rules regarding high schools. All fifty states of America from Hawaii to Delaware and from Alaska to Louisiana have their own laws governing education. The grading system in US schools is alphabetic. A- Excellent B - Good C - Average D - Below average F - Poor school. It starts at the age of 5 and is optional. Secondary school already starts at the age of 11-14. During this period, American students study compulsory subjects such as in English and mathematics, and can also choose other additional subjects. High school starts from grade 9 and ends at grade 12. In addition to compulsory subjects, those that are required in many higher educational institutions are studied. For example, a foreign language.
Finland Finland has been leading the list of European countries with the most competitive economy, the least corrupt government, and the most efficient system education. Studying there is not only prestigious, but also cheap. higher education will be free, and the associated costs are quite small compared to other European countries. Preschool education in Finland is free and optional. The choice remains with the parents, however, when the child turns 6 years old, he must receive preparatory education based on kindergartens or schools. General education in Finland is compulsory and free of charge. This applies not only to Finnish children, but also to children of foreign citizens. Compulsory schooling takes 9 years and begins when children reach the age of 7. The country is proud of its 100% literacy of the population. Stages of school education in Finland: Junior general education school - from grades 1 to 6 Senior general education school - from grades 7 to 9 Secondary school (gymnasium) - 3 years
Lesotho Lesotho's education system is underdeveloped and education is not compulsory. Primary schools (the term of study is 7 years) are attended by children from the age of 6. Secondary education (5 years) begins at the age of 13 and takes place in two stages - three and two years. Primary education covers 98% of children of the corresponding age. The higher education system includes the University of Lesotho (located in the suburbs of Manzini Kwaluseni, opened in 1964 as component University of Botswana, Swaziland received the status of an independent university in 1976), agricultural and pedagogical institutes.
New Zealand Education in New Zealand is given a lot of attention. Every sixth dollar from the budget goes to the development and support of education. In this regard, it is of high quality, and costs significantly less than higher education of the same level in European countries. There are about 440 schools in New Zealand. Most of them are state-owned and, accordingly, free. In addition, there are more than a hundred private schools in the country where parents pay for the education of their children, however, these institutions also receive subsidies from the state. All New Zealanders are required by law to complete a secondary education. They usually go to school from the age of 5-6. Education in elementary school lasts 8 years: from the first grade to the eighth. At the age of thirteen, children go to secondary school, where they study in grades 9-13, preparing to enter universities and institutes.
Brazil The full educational cycle in this state includes: 8 years of primary (basic) education; three years of secondary education; higher education - from four to six years; compulsory or optional additional education. In accordance with the Constitution of Brazil, primary (basic) education is free and compulsory. It is not only the parents of the children who are responsible for enforcing these conditions, but also the state itself (including the states, the federal district, the government and the municipality). The most common and serious problem in Brazilian schools is when children stop attending school because they are not supervised by their parents. In this state, child labor is widely used, despite the fact that children under the age of 16 are prohibited from working, and at the same time, primary education is compulsory. And the reason for this is very simple - parents need their children to work and earn money. In this country, private schools are very popular. Higher education in Brazil is also not mandatory. But most of the federal investment is aimed at its development.
England All education in the UK is in English. In general, the education system in England is quite different from ours. Education in the UK starts at the age of 5. At this age, children enter a preparatory school. Then they move on to elementary school and only then to secondary school. The education system in England has evolved over many centuries and today it meets high quality standards. The first important normative document was the "Education Act" of 1944, which, although it was mainly devoted to school education, to a large extent streamlined the education system in England as a whole. Education in England is compulsory for all citizens between the ages of 5 and 16. There are two sectors of education: public (free education) and private (fee-paying educational institutions). Before going to school, 3-4 year old children in England are brought up in kindergartens or Malyshev centers. Compulsory education begins at the age of 5, and children go to a toddler school. From the age of 7 they go to junior school, and from 11 years old - from primary to secondary. The country's secondary education system includes unified, grammatical, technical, modern, special and private schools, among which elite ones stand out. education or acquiring the necessary specialty.
MOU Kesovogorsk secondary school MOU Kesovogorsk secondary school is included in the total number of basic schools in Russia. According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, education in our country is compulsory until the age of 18 and is free. Includes preschool education, primary education, basic education, secondary education, secondary specialized education and higher education. In 2014 our school turns 80 years old. http://www.kgschool.ru/ Pre-school group Primary classes Secondary level
Thus, having studied the sources that reveal the meaning of the structure of education in different countries of the world, I came to the conclusion that: Firstly, the structure of the education system in the countries of the world is the same, it includes preschool, primary and secondary education. The difference remains in the time span of these stages. Secondly, among the features of school education, it can be noted that in some countries only primary education is sufficient, that vacation time is determined climatic features, wearing school uniform Of course, there are significant differences in the assessment of students' knowledge, namely, in many countries, the most important mark is the one obtained for the exam. In the upper grades, education is focused on obtaining specialization and choosing a higher educational institution. Thirdly, countries according to the education system can also be classified according to the economic level of development: Conclusion: developed developing countries with economies in transition The poorest countries England, USA, New Zealand, France, Japan Brazil Russia Lesotho
Thank you for attention!
On the eve of the new academic year, Izvestia studied the education systems in Europe, the USA and Asia, comparing them in a number of ways - from the duration of study to the subjects that are included in the program.
Where summer holidays last no more than 10 days, why students in Italy are forced to change schools and what distinguishes prestigious British education - in a special article by September 1.
Europe
Photo: Global Look Press/ZB/Patrick Pleul
Age
In most cases, children here go to school earlier than in Russia: European first-graders are usually six years old. In Italy, parents can decide when to send their child to school - teachers are required by law to accept even five-year-olds.
Class schedule
Schoolchildren in Europe study longer than in Russia: sometimes they stay at school for eight hours. However, this time includes an hour break for lunch, walks on the street, excursions, games, sports. In addition, they are not given voluminous homework assignments.
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Most often, more complex subjects - for example, mathematics or the native language - are put on the schedule for the first half of the day, especially in the lower grades. The standard set - mathematics, languages, exact sciences, history and social studies - is present everywhere, but the accents are placed in different ways. For example, in Italy, it is believed that literature is too difficult a subject for 13-14-year-old students, so very few hours are allotted to it in the program.
Beginning of the year
In most European countries, the school year starts at the beginning of autumn, and the exact date may vary depending on the characteristics of the region - in hot areas, for example, students may be given an extra week of rest in the fall to make up for it in the winter.
Photo: Global Look Press/Matarazzo/Photogramma/Ropi
Grading system
Throughout Europe, the grading system is different, but everywhere the scale has more than Russian five points. In France, the work of students is evaluated according to a 20-point system. In Italy - by 10 points when it comes to each individual subject. At the final exams, a 100-point system is introduced, and the student is also awarded points for additional activity: sports success, performance at competitions. Therefore, an excellent student who is actively involved in sports or other extracurricular activities may end up with a mark of 110 points. Germany is closest to the Russian system - there a student can get from 1 to 6 points.
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In most European countries, schoolchildren study for 13 years, while compulsory education is designed for 10 years - followed by college or targeted preparation for entering the university.
So, for example, the system works in Italy or France: children go to primary school in early age- at five or six years old. This is followed by high school, and most often the transition is accompanied by a change of class. In Italy, this is generally a prerequisite - primary schools there are in no way connected with secondary schools, and children, having studied in the lower grades, change their educational institution. It is believed that in this way they learn to better adapt to changing life circumstances.
After graduating from high school in Italy and France, those who wish can enter the lyceum, but from that moment on, education becomes paid. The choice of a lyceum - creative, humanitarian, natural science or with an emphasis on vocational education - depends on the student's plans for the future. In Italy, teenagers will decide their future plans at the age of 14-15.
In Germany, schooling lasts the same as in France and Italy, but the separation here occurs even earlier. After graduating from primary school, children who are less inclined to study are sent to a five-year education - after which they can receive professional specialties that do not require high qualifications. More capable students take a six-year course in a real gymnasium, after which they can additionally complete the 11th and 12th grades of the gymnasium. The 13th grade is considered very difficult and is needed only for those who plan to enter the university.
Great Britain
Age
British children start school at age five, however this is a preparatory school where the focus is on play and socialization. In the primary school itself (primary school), the main subjects appear in the program. The emphasis at this time is on project work to help children make friends.
Class schedule
The time a student spends at school may vary depending on the institution - it also depends on whether he is studying in a boarding school or in regular school and whether it is private (which is very common in the UK) or public. Lessons start at 8:30 or 9 o'clock, there is an hour break for lunch. And after classes, in most cases, children are waiting for extracurricular activities - for example, sports or work on joint projects.
Beginning of the school year
Usually students go to school in early autumn, but the date may vary depending on the educational institution - sometimes, for example, lessons start even before September 1st. The school year is divided into three semesters - in summer, schoolchildren rest for six weeks, in winter and spring - for 2-3 weeks.
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The main subjects - mathematics, natural science, sports, language - appear in the program even in elementary school. French is the most commonly used second language in the UK. Closer to the senior classes, students get the opportunity to choose some of the subjects depending on their plans for the future and thus create an individual schedule for themselves - as a result, the composition of the class often changes from lesson to lesson.
Grading system
Estimates in the UK are put on a 100-point scale. At the same time, there is a special classification that allows you to correlate the number of points received with the level of the student. Scores from 70 points and above are equated to the domestic five, from 60 to 69 points to the four with a plus, from 50 to 59 points to the four, from 40 to 49 to the three, from 30 to 39 points to the two with a plus, and that's it. below 30 is an absolute failure.
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Due to the prestige of its education, England stands apart from a number of European countries, although the basic principles here are very similar to the pan-European ones. Education is divided into three stages: primary and secondary schools, as well as the most difficult, pre-university years.
Much attention, especially in primary school, where children stay until the age of 11-12, is given to the socialization of students and sports.
In the UK, more than in other countries, boarding houses are common, in which students study and live throughout the week. In addition, separate education for boys and girls is popular in the country - it is assumed that in this way it is possible to achieve greater equality: children have to fulfill all the duties, and not divide them according to gender, and in the classroom there are no difficulties due to the fact that girls at this age are often more diligent and receptive to knowledge than boys.
USA
Photo: Global Look Press/ZUMA/Alex Garcia
Age
Americans begin to study at the age of six, but in the primary grades, the set of subjects is limited - children learn to write, read, study arithmetic. Most often, students in classes are distributed according to the level of knowledge - based on the results of the tests that they pass at the very beginning.
Class schedule
Pupils are at school for seven hours - on average, lessons last from 08:30 to 15:30. The entire academic year is designed for 180 days and is divided not into quarters, but into semesters. The remaining 185 days fall on weekends and holidays - there is no single system here, they are determined separately in each state and each school.
Beginning of the school year
As in Europe, the US school year begins in late August/early September, and the exact date may vary from state to state.
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As in the UK, American students can make their own program, choosing subjects that correspond to their future goals, abilities or interests: in junior high school this is usually no more than five subjects, in high school you can already choose most of the subjects to study on your own. The compulsory ones for all include mathematics, natural sciences, English and an analogue of domestic social science. For each subject, a certain number of “credits” is assigned - the student must draw up the program himself in such a way that at the end of the semester he has accumulated required amount these points.
Grading system
Grades are given in letters, there are five of them - A, B, C, D, E. However, they are still calculated according to a 100-point system. So, A - an analogue of our five - is set for 93 points or more, and less than 63 points is already E, the lowest possible rating. Wherein school marks in the USA are not reported to anyone except the student and his parents.
Photo: Global Look Press/ZUMA/Sandy Huffaker
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American children go to school at the age of six and study until about 17: school system includes 12 classes. Children begin to prepare for school in the older groups of the kindergarten or in the preparatory school, where they enter at the age of five.
Education in elementary school is designed for 6-7 years, depending on the educational institution, after which children move on to secondary school, where they remain until the ninth grade. Secondary schools may be multidisciplinary, academic or vocational. This is followed by the so-called senior secondary school - grades 10-12, but they are primarily attended by those who would like to enter the university after their studies.
Formally, school education is public, but the authorities of individual states can contribute to common system their edits - so the life of schoolchildren may differ from state to state.
Asia
Photo: Global Look Press/DanitaDelimont.com
Age
The Japanese and Chinese begin to study at the age of six, not counting the kindergarten and preparatory groups, the programs of which are much richer than in Europe.
Class schedule
In China, school starts at 8-9 am, but it is assumed that by this time the student has already devoted at least an hour to self-study. Lessons end at about 4, after which the child spends a few more hours in additional classes and, if he has enough strength, devotes some time to independent study in the evening. The weekend schedule is not much different from weekdays.
In Japan, the schedule for children is about the same - classes last from 8 am to 6 pm, while, as in Europe, they have an hour break in the middle of the day. In the evening, children go to tutors or study at home on their own. And vacations are used as a chance to improve knowledge in individual subjects.
Beginning of the school year
In Japan, the school year begins in April and is associated with the beginning of a new cycle in nature. In China, it is tied to the global system - students go to school on September 1st. The study is divided into six months - the second begins on March 1, and summer holidays often last no more than 10 days.
Photo: Global Look Press/ZUMA/Zhao Yuguo
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Most of the time at school is spent on the native language and mathematics, followed by generally accepted subjects - history, natural sciences, social studies. It is mandatory to study a foreign language, most often English.
In Japan, at the same time, schoolchildren study not only modern Japanese, but also ancient and medieval. As a bonus, most schools have good sports grounds and music rooms equipped with a variety of modern instruments.
Grading system
In Japan, as in the United States, grades are given by letters - five letters in total, from A to E - each letter corresponds to a certain result on a 100-point system. China also has an alphabetical grading system.
However, the highest point of tension and the most important assessment for Chinese and Japanese schoolchildren are the results in final exams and entrance exams to universities. The Chinese national gaokao entrance exam, for example, lasts for three days and is a real test of endurance. The final exams are no less stressful for the Japanese - their results are published on special scoreboards, in front of which applicants gather.
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In the East, and primarily in China and Japan, the school system differs from the European and American in its demands on students. If in the West the emphasis is on the social adaptation of children, their individual development and sports, then in Japan, for example, children begin to learn arithmetic in kindergarten.
There they also learn self-government, when four-year-olds are appointed in turn to be senior duty officers in the group.
In both China and Japan, vacation time for children is extremely limited, and most of their free time, even on school days, they spend on self-study, trips to tutors and in special out-of-school study groups. The same applies to short holidays, during which they use their free time to complete more additional tasks and further improve their level of knowledge.
As in other countries, school education here is divided into three stages: primary, secondary and graduation, in total it consists of 12 classes, and nine are compulsory. Moreover, parents have to pay for education in grades 10-12.
Latin America
Photo: Global Look Press/ZB/Peter Zimmermann
Age
Primary education in Argentina is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 12. A similar system operates in Cuba, where every child between the ages of 6 and 11 is required to complete a basic school course. In Brazil, primary education lasts 8 years, while in Argentina and Cuba it lasts 6 years, excluding preschool. As for secondary education, in Cuba it is divided into basic secondary lasting 4 years and complete secondary lasting 2 years. At the same time, in Brazil, secondary education can be obtained in 3 years, and in Argentina - in 5-6 years. In Mexico, children enter first grade at the age of 6. After 6 years they go to junior high school. After studying for another two years, students decide whether to continue their studies or go to work.
Class schedule
In Argentinean schools, there is a regular five-day week. In elementary school, classes usually start at 8:30, while in middle school, the first lesson may start an hour earlier, at 7:30. Morning training lasts there, as a rule, until 13:00, and evening - from 13:00 to 17:00. With a difference of half an hour to an hour, studies begin in most other countries of Latin America. The academic year there lasts an average of 180 to 190 academic days.
Beginning of the school year
Since winter in Latin America begins at a time when it is summer in Russia, the start of the school year falls on other months. For example, Brazilians, Argentines and Costa Ricans go to school in the first week of February. And in Chile and Uruguay, students go to school in March. The exception is Mexico. There, the academic year begins in September and lasts until June 30, with holidays in December and April.
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Education in Cuba consists of several stages. From the first to the fifth, children study mathematics, computer science, natural history, receive artistic education and attend physical education classes. At the sixth step, several more subjects are added: English, Cuban history, Cuban geography and labor education. It is also worth noting that earlier in Cuba, from 30 to 45 people studied in one class, but after the modernization of the education system, the number of students in one group decreased to 15 people.
In Argentina, for example, bilingual schools are popular. There, the school day consists of two shifts, while the second shift takes place in a foreign language. In ordinary schools in Argentina, the second language is taught from the fourth grade. In addition to English, children can also choose French and Italian. Special attention given to musical and theatrical education. Students have the right to choose a direction in education, one of which is devoted to art. Among the most popular clubs are gymnastics, choir and dance.
In addition, the literary program of Latin American countries attracts attention. The works that are studied in Russia in higher educational institutions are included in the compulsory school curriculum in Colombia. You can't go to university there without reading "One Hundred Years of Solitude" by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, "Playing the Classics" by Julio Cortazar, the poetry of Pablo Neruda, "Humble Hero" by Mario Vargas Llosa and other works by the masters of "magical realism".
Photo: Global Look Press/imagebroker.com/Egon Bömsch
Grading system
Estimates are put on a 10-point scale. At the end of each trimester, students receive a score, which is calculated from the results of intermediate tests. A passing mark is 7. But even if the student does not pass all the subjects, he can continue his studies. However, he will not receive a certificate of completion of high school until he closes the debt.
Some schools have a 5-point grading scale. Such institutions are found in Colombia. According to the local scoring system, 0 to 2.9 is unsatisfactory, 3.0 to 3.4 is acceptable, 3.5 to 3.9 is good, and 4.0 to 5.0 is excellent.
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In recent decades, the level of education in Latin America has risen sharply. Against the general background, Cuba stands out in particular. Back in the mid-1950s, about 1 million children were not in school at all. Now Cuba spends on public education, according to some reports, 10% of the budget, ahead of both the United States and Great Britain in this indicator.
Nevertheless, the palm for the quality of higher education belongs to Brazil. According to the ranking of the best universities in Latin America, the first place is occupied by the University of Sao Paulo, and the second line is the State University of Campinas, which is also located in Brazil. The top three is closed by the Catholic University of Chile.
At the same time, the focus of training, depending on the countries, varies greatly. In Brazil, about 60% of universities are liberal arts. At the same time, applicants' interest in nuclear energy is growing in Argentina, although medicine continues to be the leading field of science there.
In addition, most universities in Latin America provide free education. The only exception is Chile: there the state pays only primary education, while the cost of education in Chilean universities is second only to the United States in terms of value.
STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION "ORYOL STATE UNIVERSITY"
FACULTY OF PHILOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF JOURNALISM AND CO
Essay
"Education systems in different countries of the world"
UK classical education
Great Britainrightfully has a reputation as a country of high-quality classical education, the history of which goes back more than one hundred years. The issued diplomas are quoted all over the world.
The UK has an extensive system that allows you to get a good education and training at any level. There are about 30,000 schools in the country, of which 2,500 are private, and more than 170 institutions of higher education. One of the traditions of the country is the openness of the education system for foreigners. Of the 2 million students, 214 thousand are people who have come from abroad. According to the British Council, as of September 12, 2001, 13,400 Russian citizens were educated in various educational institutions in the UK. Of these, 1360 people are university students.
The education system is built in such a way that a foreigner can "enter" it at almost any stage. But the requirements are high and it is not easy to do so. In addition, it should be taken into account that the Russian matriculation certificate is not recognized as equivalent to the British one (to obtain it, one must study in a Russian school for 11 years, and in a British one - 13).
Schools. English children start school at age 5 and graduate at 16, receiving a certificate of secondary education (General Certificate of Secondary Education, GCSE). Until the age of 14, they study basic general education subjects according to the mandatory unified state program. Then, within two years, there is preparation for passing the GCSE exams in 6-10 subjects. After passing these examinations, the compulsory secondary education program is considered completed. But this is not enough to enter the university. It is necessary to study for two more years on the A-level program, which provides for in-depth study of three to six subjects. The results of the A-level exams serve both the British and foreigners as a "start in life" for continuing their education: according to the competition of certificates, you can enter a university.
In order for a child from Russia to receive a quality English education, it would be nice to start right with English school. More than 90% of secondary schools in the UK are public and free. However, as a rule, foreigners are not accepted there, so it remains to enter a private school. Although they are attended by only about 6% of all students, private schools provide about 50% of those entering the elite Oxford and Cambridge. In general, 90% of graduates of English private schools easily enter the leading universities in the UK, USA, Canada. Private schools accept foreigners aged 8 to 18 years old, boarding schools - from 7 to 16 years old.
Colleges. English youth receives secondary and special education in colleges. They also accept foreigners. You can also enter an English college after graduating from a Russian school. Colleges provide vocational training and are an intermediate step between school and university.
College curricula are primarily focused on practical training to professional activities. But increasingly, they are also used for university preparation, and the highest of the qualifications they assign is equivalent to the A-level matriculation certificate. In fact, these colleges allow students to complete a two-year A-level program at an accelerated pace - in a year.
Foundation preparatory courses operate on the basis of a number of British colleges and universities. Their duration is one year, the program includes an in-depth study of the English language and basic majors.
Universities. Higher education institutions in the UK are divided into three types. There are colleges (Colleges of Higher Education), which, like universities, award academic degrees (only bachelor's level) and issue diplomas of higher education. But unlike universities, they are highly specialized educational institutions in areas such as painting and design, music, theater arts, and education. There are polytechnic institutes where engineering specialties are usually acquired. There are university colleges, which, as a rule, are part of universities. Finally, there are classical universities, which, as before, remain centers of academic education and scientific work.
language schools. In the UK, there are about 1,500 educational institutions teaching English to foreigners, about 800 of them are private specialized language schools. Over 370 schools are accredited by the British Council, which means that they meet strict quality standards and are recommended for international students.
Irish education system
There are more than 3,000 primary, over 800 secondary, more than 150 language schools, 14 institutes of technology, several private pedagogical and business colleges, and seven universities in Ireland.
All educational institutions are controlled at the state level by special bodies that monitor the compliance of the educational process with accepted standards.
Rich traditions and high quality of education, the opportunity to earn money legally attract many foreigners to Ireland. Over 150,000 students come to Irish language schools alone every year. The share of students from abroad in Irish universities varies from five to ten percent, depending on the institution.
Schools. The Irish receive primary education from 4-6 years. The National Curriculum, culminating in a certificate of secondary education, is designed for 12-14 years of study, depending on the age at which the child started school. Some private schools offer the International Baccalaureate and British A-levels.
Secondary schools in Ireland are public and private, mixed and separate, day and boarding schools. Most secondary schools in Ireland are private. Children from abroad are accepted in both private and public schools. In the latter case, the fee is very moderate and lower than in private schools. After 6-8 years of primary school, there is usually a test of general development and knowledge of the main subjects of the school curriculum. At the age of 12, an Irish child goes to high school, where he studies English and Irish, mathematics, economics and science for six years.
Those wishing to receive higher education must spend an additional three years at school. Over the past two years, Irish schoolchildren have been studying 6-8 subjects, in which they take exams for a certificate of complete secondary education - Leaving Certificate.
For Russian schoolchildren boarding schools available already at the age of 9-12 years.
Colleges. The specificity of Ireland lies in the fact that colleges and universities in its educational system are not separated, believing that together they form the so-called "third level". Therefore, many undergraduate programs are organized on the basis of colleges.
Vocational education is available from institutes of technology and private independent colleges. They can study information technology, hotel management, accounting and other areas of applied nature.
Universities. There are seven universities in Ireland, and most of them are built according to the classical model, i.e. offer bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees in a wide range of disciplines.
Scientific research is actively conducted on the basis of universities. The Advanced Technologies Program finances scientific projects in the field of biotechnology, optoelectronics, information technology and telecommunications.
Colleges of Education train primary school teachers. In them, in three years, you can get a bachelor's degree. High school teaching requires a university degree or diploma, so many colleges are either affiliated with Irish universities or enter into agreements with them.
The second option is the preparatory departments (Foundation), which first appeared in Ireland not so long ago. This program is accredited by the NCEA and is recognized by both Irish and foreign educational institutions.
language schools. The backbone of Irish education is made up of schools that are members of the MEI-RELSA (Marketing English in Ireland - Recognized English Language Schools Association), created to strengthen the prestige of Irish education abroad. Quality control and accreditation of schools is carried out by the Advisory Council for English Language Schools (ACELS).
By the number of higher educational institutions, and consequently, the number of students receiving education in them, the United States ranks first in the world. More than 15 million people study in American universities, 500 thousand of which are foreigners. They are attracted by a high standard of living, a huge selection of study programs, and a decent quality of academic training.
Education in the USA
educational training college university
It is believed that the US the best option for master's and doctoral studies. Many American universities play a leading role in research projects of international importance. Their level is determined by an excellent laboratory and technical base, easy access to all conceivable sources (scientific periodicals, library collections, etc.) and the availability of world-famous teachers.
Schools. American children go to school at age 6 and study until the age of 18, i.e. 12 years old. Schools are divided into public and private. Due to the lack of a unified national curriculum, graduates of secondary schools have different levels of training. The best knowledge is received by students of prestigious private boarding schools.
Preparation for entering the university is carried out in the senior classes of the American high school, where a wide range of general subjects is studied - English and foreign languages, history, natural sciences, etc. Many private schools offer an International Baccalaureate program as an alternative.
Colleges. Characteristic American education system - a developed system of colleges. There are more than 3,000 colleges in the United States, which are divided into several main types: two-year technical, community and four-year colleges, which are equated in status with universities. The latter can be both independent institutions of higher education, as well as be part of other universities.
Foreigners often prefer Community Colleges because they are easier to get into. These educational institutions not only teach professions, but also offer academic training programs corresponding to the first two years of university. Typically, local colleges have agreements with public universities in their state to transfer students.
Universities. American universities are divided into private and public. Both can be of different levels: along with the brilliant Yale and Harvard, there are a number of small and unremarkable educational institutions. Science course they are much cheaper, but the diploma is quoted much lower.
Obtaining a bachelor's degree provides for four years of study. The curricula of American universities are distinguished by the ability to combine elective subjects as widely as possible.
The second stage of higher education is master's programs, designed for an average of two years. Their students make up about 52% of foreigners studying in the USA.
Foreign students prefer to study business administration, management, economics, i.е. disciplines in which Americans are undisputed world leaders. The MBA programs of American business schools are very popular.
Language classes. One of the main requirements for those who are going to study in the USA is an excellent knowledge of English. You will have to take the TOEFL test of English as a foreign language, and it requires a lot of specific preparation. The test is designed to test the ability to understand oral and written language, formulate your thoughts and write an essay. Usually for admission to the university you need to score 550-600 points.
All major international linguistic centers - LAL, Aspect, EF, International House, Regent, etc. - have their branches in different regions of the United States. Many branded language programs provide for a combination of study with relaxation in American resorts.
Education system of Canada
Canada is one of the states whose diplomas are quoted all over the world. This is not surprising: Canada spends more money on the development of the education system than many other developed countries.
Canada is one of the world leaders in the field of high technologies, aerospace industry, microelectronics. As a result, all these areas are taught here at a very high level. Canadian engineering education, as well as programs in business and natural sciences, enjoy a good reputation. Diplomas from Canadian educational institutions are recognized all over the world. All these advantages attract over 100,000 international students to Canada every year.
Since there are two foreign languages in Canada - English and French, a foreign student can study at a university where teaching is conducted in any of them. English is more widely spoken (in Quebec - French).
Among Canadian educational institutions there are both public and private ones. The quality of education they provide is about the same. But the content of curricula in a particular province may vary somewhat, because. According to the Canadian constitution, education is the responsibility of local authorities.
Schools. More than 5 million students study in Canadian schools. For foreigners - education is paid. The amount of payment is determined by the educational institution itself. Private schools offer paid programs. The choice of such schools is very large - with separate or joint education for boys and girls, with full board or only daytime education.
There are relatively few private schools in Canada and they have a rather high competition. On average, private boarding schools are better equipped than public ones. Graduates of well-known Canadian private schools easily enter the leading Canadian universities in the UK, USA and Canada.
Children go to first grade at the age of 6. Education in primary and secondary schools is conducted on one of official languages country - English or French. In most provinces, complete secondary education, which opens the way to a university, takes 12 years, then those who want to prepare for entering the university study for another 2 years at the preparatory department at the college.
Colleges. There are about 175 public and private colleges in Canada. Approximately 300,000 people study in the vocational education system. The quality of education is monitored by representatives of the ACCC (Association of Canadian Community Colleges).
Canadian colleges are divided into community, technical and already mentioned colleges of the CEGEP system. The main task of colleges is to prepare professional personnel for industry and business. In particular, technical colleges are something like Russian vocational schools, whose students receive a profession in a short time. Typically, college students study for two years, and most of the study time is spent not in classrooms, but in laboratories and workshops. At the end of the students are waiting for certificates and professional diplomas.
Many colleges have bachelor's degree programs with universities. Graduates of such a college are enrolled immediately in the second year of the partner university.
Universities. There are no private higher education institutions in Canada (with the exception of a few closed religious universities), all of which are financed by two-thirds from the state budget and public funds. All universities are members of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC).
Canadian universities are equipped with modern material and technical equipment and have good libraries. The strength of Canadian higher education is the close connection between science and practice. University clinics are considered the best in the country, business schools are actively involved in advising entrepreneurs and taxpayers. According to official statistics, Canadian university science creates 150,000-200,000 jobs in the country every year.
In total, more than 1.5 million students study at Canadian universities, including about 30 thousand foreigners. Students from abroad make up approximately 5% of the total number of students. But among graduates of such educational institutions as Windsor University and New Brunswick University, one in four is a foreigner.
Study in Australia
Australia in recent decades has become one of the leaders in the international educational market. Education on the "green continent" has many advantages: English as the state language, a high standard of living, the opportunity to enjoy all the delights of a warm climate all year round. Therefore, more than 160 thousand students from abroad come to this country every year.
Today in Australia there are about 10 thousand schools, more than 300 public colleges and 40 universities, two of which are private. All educational institutions - both public and private - are under the control of the Ministry of Education, comply with state standards and guarantee the high quality of education.
Schools. Public schools make up 71%, the rest are private. By type, schools are divided into joint, only for boys and only for girls.
The education system varies from state to state. On average, Australian children go to school from the age of 6. Until the age of 12 they study at the first stage, until the age of 16 - at the second stage, until the age of 18 - at the third stage of secondary education. In general, it is designed for 12 years, which is why the Russian certificate of secondary education is not recognized as equivalent to the Australian one.
There are not so many foreign students in Australia - they make up about 5% (about 15 thousand). Boarding schools are the most suitable for children coming to Australia from abroad. The vast majority of foreign students are concentrated in the last two graduation classes. Their goal is to get an Australian Higher School Certificate and go to university on a regular basis.
A foreigner who wants to get an Australian education must provide completed questionnaires, a certificate of grades in a Russian school, and pass an English language test. The most prestigious schools sometimes also require tests in core subjects.
Colleges. Australian colleges provide vocational training in a wide range of areas. Colleges are divided into public and private. State, united in the TAFE (Technical and Further Education) system, are considered more prestigious.
The typical set of college offerings includes a program in business, management, marketing, accounting, information technology, secretarial science, design, tourism and hospitality management. Training has a pronounced practical orientation. In a number of specialties, you can get an internship (most often paid).
Universities. Australian universities are leaders in the Pacific region, their diplomas are recognized all over the world. More than 680 thousand students study at the country's universities. The list of only bachelor's programs includes more than 2000 positions.
For foreign applicants there are preparatory courses (Foundation). They are calculated on average for 24 weeks of training. Successful completion of the Foundation program guarantees a place in the first year.
New Zealand education system
Until 1907, New Zealand remained a British colony, so the English influence is felt here in everything, even in the education system built on the British model.
Foreigners like to study in this country. Every year about 30 thousand students from abroad come here. In New Zealand, they are attracted by safety, a high standard of living and excellent ecology.
Schools. There are about 440 schools in New Zealand, about 20 of which are private. As in many European countries, schools are divided into separate (only for girls or only for boys) and joint type. Most of them are state-owned, therefore, free, but they, as a rule, do not accept foreigners. Along with the state ones, there are private schools - boarding houses, access to which is also open to schoolchildren from abroad. These schools offer foreigners a very good education and basic training, with which you can easily enter the best universities in English-speaking countries.
They usually go to school from the age of 5-6. Education in elementary school lasts 8 years - from the first to the eighth grade. At the age of 13, children move on to one of the secondary schools, sometimes referred to as "colleges" or "high schools". In grades 9-13, children are prepared to enter the university and polytechnic institutes. In the upper grades, students will have to choose 6 major subjects. The full list of disciplines includes up to 30 positions and is approved by the New Zealand Organization for the Recognition of Qualifications (NZQA).
At the end of grade 11, students who have successfully passed the exams receive a certificate of secondary education. The 12th grade ends with the exams for the Sixth Form Certificate, and at the end of the 13th grade, students take final exams, which are also entrance exams to universities. At these exams - in fact, they are an analogue of the British A-level - knowledge is tested in 4-6 major subjects.
Colleges. Vocational and technical educational institutions - "polytechs" are very popular among the youth of New Zealand. They offer professional qualifications or a bachelor's degree.
The course lasts from six months to two years. Classes are held in small groups. After passing each stage, the student receives the appropriate document: a certificate, a professional diploma or a bachelor's degree (the latter is issued after the completion of a three-year program). The programs are designed in such a way that students, after studying for one year, can immediately go to the second year of the university that has partnerships with the institute.
In addition to traditional programs in hotel management, tourism, information technology, some educational institutions offer less common options. For example, at the Eastern Technological Institute, you can take the course "Viticulture and winemaking."
Universities. The total number of students in New Zealand universities exceeds 110 thousand, 3-10% are foreigners. The first universities in New Zealand emerged about a century and a half ago. The British model was adopted as the basis for their creation.
Since the duration of education in a Russian secondary school does not correspond to that accepted in New Zealand, it is still impossible to enter a university in this country with a Russian matriculation certificate. As a rule, applicants need to complete one or two courses at a Russian university or study in another city in New Zealand - at the preparatory department or at a vocational school. Another way is to complete a New Zealand high school.
Tuition fees in New Zealand are significantly lower than in Europe and Australia. At the same time, diplomas from New Zealand universities are recognized in most countries of the world (70% of graduates work outside New Zealand). Anyone who likes life in New Zealand has the opportunity, after three years of study, to obtain permission to stay here to work in the acquired specialty for a period of up to two years.
Language classes. In New Zealand, there are both language centers organized at schools and universities, as well as separate private language schools. In New Zealand language schools, English + sports programs have become widespread. The variety of sports that can be practiced in New Zealand all year round is amazing: skiing, scuba diving, climbing, sailing, golf, horse riding.
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The education system is a kind of hierarchical structure of educational institutions, which allows a person to master knowledge, skills and abilities in the learning process.
The education system is individual for each country. In this article we will try to give information about the main systems that exist in modern world. We hope that this information will be useful and will help you choose a high-quality study abroad program.
Education system in Australia
The Australian education system is based on the British model. The educational institutions of this country offer courses that can satisfy any request. The Australian education system has a good reputation all over the world, which is the result of careful control over all educational institutions in the country. Currently, foreign citizens have the opportunity to study at any of the levels of the Australian education system, except for pre-school education.
Australians go to school for 12 years. Australia is dominated by public schools. 70% of schoolchildren study in public schools, the rest in private schools. School graduates receive a state certificate called Year 12. To enter the most prestigious universities, the child not only needs to speak English but also pass the entrance exams. Australians get a profession at TAFE public colleges. Higher education can be obtained at the university. The learning process is divided into 2 parts, the bachelor's program and the master's program.
UK education system
The British education system has the right to be called the most traditional and of the highest quality. Having developed many centuries ago, the education system in Britain has not changed today. All British children are required by law to go to school from the age of 5 to 16. Education at school begins with pre-preparatory school, after a year, two students move to primary school, which lasts until 11-13 years old. After that, the high school stage begins, which ends with the passing of exams for the GCSE certificate of secondary education. At this point, compulsory secondary education ends, and then you can go to work or go to college. In order to enter the university, students need to pass the A-level exams. The IB program is becoming more and more popular in British schools. The education system of England ends with higher education, which, like most countries, will be divided into a bachelor's program (3-4 years) and a master's program (1-2 years).
Education system in Ireland
Education in Ireland at all levels is one of the highest quality in the world. School education in Ireland, as in other countries, consists of three stages: primary, secondary and high school. At the last stage, 6-8 selected subjects are studied in depth, in which, as a result, exams for the matriculation certificate are taken. This certificate is similar to the British A-level or IB. Higher education consists of 2 stages: bachelor's degree, master's degree. Upon graduation from the master's program, students can receive a degree.
The education system in Europe varies by country
Education system in Poland
Secondary education in Poland lasts 12 years, the first 8 classes are the basic level, and the four upper classes are the lyceum. There are two types of lyceums - general education and technical.
The higher education system, as in many countries, consists of universities and vocational colleges. The program of colleges and academies is designed for 3-4 years, upon completion a licentiate, engineer or bachelor's degree is issued - depending on the educational institution and specialty. A complete university education leads to a master's degree. The doctorate degree is awarded after passing certain examinations and defending a dissertation.
Education system in the Czech Republic
The Czech education system is similar to other European countries. Czechs begin education at the age of 6-7 and study at a basic school until the age of 10. When the children are 11 years old, they enter hysnasia. The curriculum of the gymnasium includes compulsory disciplines and optional subjects. General education continues until the age of 16. After that, schoolchildren either go to special colleges or stay in high school to get a diploma and go to university.
After leaving school, most students go to universities.
Education system in Japan
School education in Japan lasts as long as 12 years, more than half of which goes to elementary school due to the excessive difficulty of learning the native language. At least each student must master 1850 hieroglyphs (these requirements were established by the Ministry of Education of Japan). Throughout their education, children learn not only their language, they have to spend a lot of time studying the history of their native country.
After studying in high school, students enter a higher educational institution. For foreign students, education is provided in English at universities in Japan. The Japanese education system is adapted for international students. The educational institutions of this country offer not only Japanese language programs, but also programs for obtaining bachelor's and master's degrees.
Chinese education system
The system of education in educational institutions of the People's Republic of China includes: - pre-school education, elementary school, junior high school, high school, university, graduate school.
The education system in China starts with pre-school education. Kindergartens accept children from the age of 3 years. Primary education in China starts at the age of 6 and lasts for 6 years. The main subjects of education are: Chinese, mathematics, natural science, foreign language, moral education, music, etc. Sports education is considered an important part of primary education.
Secondary education in China has three stages. The first stage is free, students have the opportunity to study the following subjects: mathematics, Chinese, a foreign language, physics, chemistry, moral education, computer science, etc. The second stage is three years of study. The third step, the final one, is 2 years of study. At the last stage, students study in vocational and specialized schools.
Students from Ukraine have the opportunity to receive an international diploma of secondary education, which is taught in English. Chinese is studied as an elective. There are three types of higher education in China: courses with special curricula (duration of 2-3 years), bachelor's degree (4-5 years), master's degree (additional 2-3 years). IN Lately China is actively developing international cooperation in the field of education. Universities in China are actively accepting foreign students and adapting teaching.
The education system in the USA
Historically, America has not had a unified national education system. Each of the 50 US states has its own Department of Education, which sets the educational standards for the state. The education system is characterized by a high degree of decentralization. Under the 10th Amendment to the Constitution (“powers not delegated by the Constitution to the government of the United States and not prohibited by it to the states are reserved to the states themselves”), the federal government does not have the right to establish a nationwide education system, determine policies and curricula for schools and institutions.Decisions on these issues are made at the state or district level.
And yet, the educational programs in the 50 states are very similar. The Americans explain this as a result of the impact of such common factors as the social and economic needs of the country, the frequent movement of students and teachers from one part of the country to another, and the role of nationwide agencies.
The American education system is organized around three main levels: primary (including preschool and primary school), secondary and higher. It is mandatory starting at age seven in 29 states, age six in 18 states, and age five in three states.
In total, there are about two and a half thousand colleges with a four-year course of study (bachelors) and universities in the USA. Almost 15 million students study there. Along with private higher education in the United States, there is a state form in the form of public (public) universities and colleges. Each of the 50 states has at least one public university and several colleges. Even 40 years ago, half of school graduates entered universities.
There are four academic degrees established in the USA: Associate's- this degree is awarded to a graduate of a secondary specialized educational institution or technical school; Bachelor's- bachelor degree; Master's- master's degree; doctorate- doctor degree.
In order to get a specialty in a college or university, you need to take a certain number of compulsory subjects and a few optional ones. The education system in America is adapted for students from Ukraine. School graduates can directly enter the first year of the university by providing an English language exam and a certificate of secondary education. If the level of English is not enough to start studying, students can take a preparatory program on the basis of a university or college.
Education system in Spain
Spain is not only a country warm sea, passionate flamenco and the famous paella. It is also a prestigious European education. Every year, thousands of students from all over the world come to Spain to receive a prestigious Spanish education. Every year, thousands of students come to Spain to get higher education. Higher education in Spain meets high European standards and is very affordable.
In the process of obtaining higher education in Spain, special emphasis is placed on the professional orientation in education. Subjects that are directly related to the future specialty are studied from the 1st year. Public universities in Spain are the oldest academic traditions combined with modern teaching methods, including the most advanced technologies. Huge scientific libraries and high quality laboratories.
Education system in Switzerland
Switzerland is a small country in the very center of Europe. Despite its small territory, it borders five European countries: Germany, France, Italy, Austria and the Principality of Liechtenstein. Such a convenient location attracts many tourists here, as well as those wishing to get a European education. Approximately 8% of the country's population are foreigners.
Secondary education: In addition to the inevitable close contact with native speakers of the main European languages, a healthy climate, opportunities to practice any kind of sports, Swiss boarding houses can be considered the most comfortable in Europe. Children live here in rooms for one or two people, eat varied and delicious (French, Swiss, Italian cuisine, if necessary - kosher food). This is probably why studying in a Swiss boarding school is 30% more expensive than in the UK.
Switzerland is Europe in miniature. Is it any wonder the variety of school programs and secondary education certificates offered there: from Swiss Matura to English A-level, from German Abitur, Italian Maturita and French Baccalaureat to the international program International Baccalaureate, while all programs include the study of 2-3 foreign languages .
Higher educationSwitzerland: There are 12 official institutions of higher education in Switzerland (10 cantonal universities: in the German-speaking part of the country: in Basel, Bern, Zurich, St. Gallen, Lucerne; in the French-speaking part of the country: in Geneva, Lausanne, Friborg, Neuchâtel; in Italian-speaking part of the country: in Ticino - and 2 federal technological institutes: in Zurich and Lausanne).
Turkish education system
The education system in Turkey is identical to education in Ukraine. Primary education in Turkey, like in Ukraine, lasts 8 years, and secondary education lasts 10 years. Thus, our Ukrainian students can receive higher education in Turkey, as our graduation certificate meets their requirements in universities.
Today in Turkey the scientific lyceum is considered the most prestigious, which trains future doctors, engineers, scientists and researchers. Usually successful students choose it. There are also a number of other lyceums: translation, polytechnic, lyceum that trains specialists in computer technology and others.
After graduating from school or lyceum, students take an entrance exam to the university in which they want to study. If they gain a passing score, the state pays for their studies.
In Turkey, higher education is two-stage: Bachelor's and Master's. After graduation, students receive a bachelor's or master's degree.
Today, specialties such as engineering, medicine, pedagogy and lawyers are in high demand in Turkey.
The organization that helps me foreign students to enter Turkish universities is called OSYM (Orgenci Sceme re Yerlrestime Merkeri). You can find the necessary information on the website of the organization (oysm.gov.tr).
Education system in Austria
Austria is a country of traditional winter tourism. Along with Switzerland, this country is a kind of ski "mecca" for Europeans. Today, tourism is the main source of income for Austria, covering the traditionally negative trade balance.
In Austria, a tourist service system has long been formed and debugged. Many towns and villages such as Bad Gastein, Millstatt, Ischgl or Mayrhofen have turned into major European resorts, and the former villagers are engaged in the hotel business. Ski tourism has changed Austria and the Austrians - today for them it is life and hope for the future.
The Austrian education system has a high degree of freedom and offers a wide range of educational programs. Tuition at Austrian universities was free until 2001, the same year accreditation of private universities began. The largest universities are Vienna (the oldest university in Austria, founded in 1367), Vienna Economics, Graz, Innsbruck, Salzburg universities. Since 2009 training in public universities Austria free. To enter Austrian universities, Ukrainian students must provide a Matura certificate of secondary education, as well as pass a test for knowledge of the German language OSD (levels C1 and C2).
Education system of Canada
In Canada, you can get an excellent education, enjoy a beautiful and peaceful environment, and learn a lot about this fascinating country. Canadian schools are known worldwide for their academic excellence, career preparation, cutting-edge technology, and exceptional English or French as a second language programs.
Canada has one of the highest standards of living in the world. In addition, this country is famous for its clean environmental cleanliness and safety. The United Nations has repeatedly ranked Canada in first place in the ranking of countries in the world in terms of quality of life.
Canada has over 350 universities and colleges offering a wide variety of degrees and diplomas. Canada's universities are known for their academic and research programs, and the colleges outperform other colleges in the world in using cutting-edge technology and keeping up with the latest industry and trade requirements. The degree, diploma or certificate you earn in Canada will help open doors to the best companies in the world.
Canadian universities are famous all over the world high quality both teaching and research work. They vary in student numbers from a few hundred to 50,000 and offer a full range of degrees, from bachelor's to doctorate in various disciplines.
The education system in Greece
Education in Greece is either public or private and is coordinated by the Ministry of National Education.
The oldest universities in Greece are Athens (founded in 1837) and Thessaloniki (founded in 1925). Athens is also home to the Athens Polytechnic Institute and a number of other higher education institutions, including the Higher School of Economics and Business and the School of Political Science. However, classical universities are still quite closed to foreigners.
However, for foreign students wishing to study hospitality and tourism management, Greece provides an excellent opportunity to obtain an international diploma and paid practice in the best cruise companies in the world.
Education system in New Zealand
Thousands of students choose to study in New Zealand because of its unique nature. New Zealand offers not only high-quality educational programs, but also a great environment.
New Zealand is almost the same size as the UK, but has only 3.8 million inhabitants. The stunning beauty, temperate climate and relaxing atmosphere make this country ideal for students and tourists.
New Zealand offers international students a complete education system, where each student will find "their" program.
The New Zealand education system was created on the basis of the British one. New Zealand has 8 national universities and 20 polytechnics.
New Zealand offers a wide variety of:
- English language courses
- preparatory courses for admission to universities
- university undergraduate programs
- postgraduate programs
Each university uses its own timetable, but in general, the academic year starts in late February or early March and runs until October.
Each year is divided into two semesters with a break in July. Some universities offer "summer courses" from November to February to help you prepare for university or brush up on your language skills before starting the next stage of your studies.
The academic year at polytechnics usually runs from February to June and from July to November. Some semi-annual courses may start in July.
Language schools offer a wide variety of courses that can last from a few weeks to one year.
Education system in Holland
The Netherlands is a prosperous industrialized country, and its education system was not borrowed from any state, but originated and developed in Holland itself and is associated with all the traditions and customs of the country.
Syktyvkar State University
Department of Management
TEST
Education systems in the countries of the world.
Syktyvkar 2009
Introduction
1.1 UK
1.2 Germany
2. General analysis of education systems
2.1 Secondary education
2.2 Higher education
Conclusion
List of used literature
Introduction
One of the driving forces behind progress in any field human activity and knowledge is the synthesis of accumulated world experience. In the context of the reform of the education system in our country, the study and analysis of trends in the development of education abroad is becoming increasingly important.
As is known, democratization processes are currently taking place in the education systems in the leading countries of the world. Its essential feature - along with accessibility, variability and differentiation, decentralization of management - is openness, continuity of all its stages.
Nowadays, the world community determines the content of new education, develops and implements Newest technologies education, the educational process is constantly being improved. This is facilitated by many important factors: the ever-increasing amount of knowledge, skills and abilities needed by schoolchildren, the results of research into the nature of childhood, and the experience of educational institutions in different countries. In addition, world education needs to correspond to a new level of production, science, and culture. This means that updating the education system is an urgent, inevitable task.
Education is one of the decisive life values. The craving for education is due not only to the desire to acquire knowledge as a guarantor of the extraction of material benefits, but also to the awareness of the need for a broad culture. When ranking life values, the majority of the population developed countries world prioritizes education.
Therefore, we can say that the analysis various systems education and the identification of their advantages and disadvantages make it possible to highlight the prerequisites and trends in the formation of a single educational space.
Based on this, the purpose of this test is to study modern education systems (using the example of the USA, Great Britain, Germany).
The object of study is educational systems modern countries, and its subject is the analysis of various aspects of education systems in developed countries.
Research objectives:
To study the pedagogical literature on the research problem;
Analyze the educational systems of modern countries (on the example of the systems of the USA, Great Britain, Germany);
Reveal specific features development of educational systems of these countries.
The purpose and objectives of the study determined the choice of its methods:
1. Analysis of pedagogical literature and periodicals.
2. Note-taking, summarizing sources.
The structure of this work includes: introduction, three chapters, conclusion and bibliography.
1. Characteristics of educational systems
1.1 UK
1.1.1 Primary and secondary education
In recent decades, education in the UK has become one of the highest priority areas in public policy regardless of what political forces are in power. Decision-making that determines the prospects for the development of the industry is carried out at the highest level in the hierarchical structure of the parliament and government. The Law on Education of 1944 is considered the first act of national importance, which, although it was mainly devoted to school education, to a large extent streamlined the education system as a whole and determined its governing bodies. Then the adopted acts were reviewed and supplemented. But by the 1960s there was a need to revise and improve the quality of education, and it tends to exist in modern England as well. Thus, in 1993 the UK National Education Commission published a report with the eloquent title “Learning to Succeed. A radical view of education today and a strategy for the future, which provides recommendations on how to achieve positive changes in education.
In accordance with the administrative division and established traditions, the UK education system is divided into three subsystems: 1) England and Wales, 2) Northern Ireland and 3) Scotland. The education systems of England, Wales and Northern Ireland differ slightly in their structure, while the Scottish education system has its own traditional features. The modern system of education in Great Britain includes: preschool education, primary education, general secondary education, further education and higher education.
In the UK, about 50% of three- to four-year-olds are brought up in kindergartens or baby centres. Compulsory education begins at the age of 5, and children go to a toddler school.
The compulsory education system covers children and adolescents from 5 to 16 years of age. In accordance with the Education Reform Act (1988), the period of compulsory education is divided into four "key stages": from 5 to 7 years old, from 7 to 11 years old, from 11 to 14 years old, from 14 to 16 years old.
Primary education covers the first two stages (from 5 to 11 years). Children are usually grouped into age classes. All subjects are taught by one teacher. The lesson lasts from 15 to 45 minutes. After graduation, children do not take exams and do not receive graduation certificates. In elementary school, most of the time is devoted to learning English (40% of study time), 15% is physical education, about 12% manual labor and art, the rest of the hours are distributed between the lessons of arithmetic, history, geography, natural history and religion.
In the system of secondary education in Great Britain, there are two main types of schools: grammar and integrated (in addition to them, technical and modern secondary schools also function). The most popular type of schools are joint schools. About 90% of students in England study in them. Alumni are admitted to the joint school primary schools with different levels of mental abilities and abilities. United schools were organized with the aim of creating equal opportunities for education. They were supposed to provide joint education for students with different abilities, interests and opportunities. Grammar schools provide general complete secondary education and prepare students for higher education. After the end of the 5th grade, approximately 60% of students who pass the exams and receive a general certificate of education at the ordinary level leave school. The remaining 40% continue their education on individual curricula in the two-year 6th grade, which is graduation.
The system of further education (in our understanding, “secondary vocational education”) is a conglomeration of a large number of various colleges, training centers, institutes that provide training at various levels from vocational to higher. In total, there are about 700 specialized educational institutions in the further education system, from local colleges, which train young people aged 16-18 years on the job, to polytechnic, comprehensive educational institutions, which provide training at various levels, including and supreme.
All institutions of further education are under the control of local authorities. The exception is educational institutions that have royal charters. Compared to previous years, the number of full-time students in the general student body is growing. Significant changes have taken place in the system of further education since the 1960s. Its educational institutions were given the right to award academic degrees, i.e. there was an opportunity to get higher education not only at universities, but also at polytechnic educational institutions, opened on the basis of the largest technical and commercial colleges. At present, polytechnic colleges are the main institutions of the system of further education, in which the training of specialists with higher education is concentrated.
Vocational training is carried out in integrated schools, technical (vocational) colleges, industrial training centers and employment centers. In a special place are vocational colleges. Here there is the widest range of training - from a skilled worker to an intermediate level specialist. Colleges are closely related to on-the-job training. The terms of study in a professional college range from one to five years.
1.1.2 Development of the higher education system
Higher education in the UK is represented by universities and polytechnics. Until the 60s. it was carried out exclusively in universities. But in the 50s and 60s in the UK, the contradictions between the capabilities of the education system at all its levels and the social needs of a socio-economic nature are beginning to sharply intensify. Education reforms in the UK began with higher education. In the early 1960s, an acute shortage of highly qualified personnel began to be felt in the country.
The 1960s are marked by the rapid growth of university education. During this period, 23 universities were created in the country, or half of those that currently exist.
In 1964-1977. A new type of higher education institution for Great Britain was created - a technological university. The 10 former "colleges of advanced technology" became universities of technology.