Fast food in English. Cooking in English

1 Related words: Food (sound, transcriptions)

Other words:

food- food (food); meal- food (meal)

sausage- sausage, sausage; fish- a fish; colloquial seafood; beef- beef; pork- pork; ham- ham; eggs- eggs; cheese- cheese; berries- berries; nut- nut; sugar- sugar; spice (season)- spice, spice; milk- milk

cut- cut; slice- cut into slices; chop- chop, crush; toss- toss; stir- stir

bitter- bitter; sweet- sweet; sour- sour; salty- salty; spicy- spicy; tasteless- insipid

2 Related words: Restaurant (sound, transcriptions)

Other words:

first (second, third) course- the first (second, third) dish; main course- main course, hot; garnish (side dish)- side dish; starter (appetizer)- decomp. first dish served; soup- soup; dessert- dessert; snack- snack; beverage (drink)- drink

elegant / first-class restaurant- first-class restaurant; fast-food restaurant- snack bar, fast food restaurant; licensed restaurant- Brit. licensed restaurant (in which it is allowed to sell alcoholic beverages); snack bar (lunchroom, eatery, bistro)- bar, buffet, snack bar; order- order (in a restaurant); reservation- order (places in the restaurant); tip- tips

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3 Song about buying food in a supermarket

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4 Video with English words on the topic: Food and drinks

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5 Video with vocabulary and colloquial phrases on the topic: Restaurant

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6 Table etiquette (text on English language)

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7 Russian translation of English words for meals

breakfast- breakfast;
brunch- decomp. late breakfast;
lunch- lunch (usually around noon, during the working day), lunch;
dinner- lunch (the main meal during the day, often in the evening);
supper- dinner

The equivalence of translating English to Russian words for meals is relative due to cultural differences:
Breakfast exists in two varieties: continental and English - with a stable and regular, meager, from the point of view of Russian traditions, menu. Russian breakfast- this is a completely unlimited variety of food, varying in different social and territorial groups, and just from family to family.
Lunch confuses the picture even more, because it is lunch, and dinner, or rather not lunch nor dinner, which does not coincide either gastronomically, in the set of dishes, or in time ( lunch at 12.00 - too early, dinner- at 20-21.00 too late for lunch).
Dinner is and dinner, and supper... Thus, the entire harmonious system of "translations" "crashed into everyday life," as Mayakovsky would say.

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8 Some features of the use of words denoting meals and types of food in English

1. Names of types of meals and meals in combinations of type to have breakfast (dinner, tea, coffee) corresponds to the Russian verbs to have breakfast, lunch, drink tea. In all these cases breakfast, dinner, supper etc. are used without an article.

When these nouns designate food intake, the article is also not used:
at breakfast (at dinner)- at breakfast (at lunch);
after (before) breakfast- after (before) breakfast;
to have something for breakfast- for breakfast.

2. The interrogative and negative forms of sentences with these words are formed using auxiliary verbs:
Do you have breakfast so early?- Do you have breakfast so early?
We usually do not have breakfast before ten“We usually don't have breakfast before ten.
Have you had breakfast?- Have you already had breakfast?

3. If nouns breakfast, dinner etc. have a descriptive definition, then they are used with an indefinite article:
Didn't give us a wonderful dinner“He gave us a fine dinner.
We had a light breakfast (a good lunch)- We had a light breakfast (good lunch).

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9 Audio lesson: Food (BBC)

Let "s go out for a slap up dinner / Let "s pig out and stuff our faces!- Let's go and eat well / gorge ourselves.
I "m starving- I'm starving.
I could eat a horse!- I'm terribly hungry (ready to eat an elephant).
I "m just a bit peckish- I'm a little hungry.

greasy spoon- eatery, snack bar
nosh- decomp. quick food, snack
grub- decomp. food (grub)
pub grub- food that can be ordered in a pub
takeaway- food sold to go

The food was fusion- The menu was mixed.
I would prefer an Indian / ruby- I would prefer a spicy Indian food curry.

a good fry up / full English breakfast- classic English breakfast
starter- appetizer
main course- Main dishes
pudding- pudding (often - meat dish, sometimes - dessert)
dessert- dessert
service not included- tips are not included in the bill

That hit the spot!- bldg. I satisfied my hunger.
I "m absolutely stuffed!- I ate my fill.
I "m full!- I'm full!
I couldn "t eat another thing if I tried!- I ate too much (does not climb anymore).
I have eaten too much.- I ate.

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10 English words related to food preparation

1. Verb to cook denotes only boil, cook, cook food / food on fire; to cook not used to indicate the preparation of drinks.

2. A number of stable phrases with other verbs are used to name different types of food preparation:

A) to make – to make breakfast – Make a breakfast, to make tea – make tea, to make a meal (a drink) – prepare food (drink)... Similar phrases with a synonymous verb to prepare have a more formal, bookish character. Verb to prepare in such combinations it may matter prepare food for cooking;

B) to bake – oven in the oven without liquid: to bake bread (a pie) – bake bread (pie); to bake apples – bake apples;

C) to roast – fry in the oven or over an open fire: to roast meat (potatoes);

D) to grill(or in American version to broil) – fry over high heat: to grill meat (vegetables);

E) to fry – fry in a pan: to fry fish (potatoes, vegetables);

F) to stew – to extinguish: to stew meat (vegetables, fruit)... In this sense, in American colloquial speech, it is more common to fix, but not to prepare.

G) Russian to fry bread corresponds to to toast.

H) Russian boil, boil matches the verb to boil.

I) Russian boil in a little hot water or steam, stew matches the verb to poach: to poach eggs- boil eggs for a couple; to poach fish in milk- boil / stew fish in milk.

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11 Healthy eating cartoon (in English)

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12 Gordon Ramsay makes scrambled eggs

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13 Food in English idioms

feed rumors(suspicion) - to feed rumors (suspicions)
merry meal- something nice

bed and breakfast- operation on the London Stock Exchange, which consists in the fact that the owner of the shares sells them in the evening and agrees with the broker to buy the same shares the next morning immediately after the opening of the exchange

box lunch- pre-packaged lunch
early bird lunch- Amer. early bird prices (discount in restaurants, canteens, cafes for people who have breakfast or dinner earlier than usual)
picnic lunch- picnic
free lunch- decomp. anything received for free, "freebie"
out to lunch- Amer., Colloquial. crazy, crazy, out of this world
ploughman "s lunch- "plowman's breakfast" (a sandwich with cheese, onions and pickles, an ordinary dish in pubs)
Joe lunchbucket- common man

Dutch supper- a treat where everyone pays for themselves

to be meat and drink to smb. Give great pleasure to smb.
to make meat of smb. (make mince meat of smb.)- decomp. kill smb. (make a cutlet out of smb.)
easy meat- easy prey, sacrifice; easy business; just spit
meat-and-potatoes- basic, vital; key
meat-head- jarg. idiot, imbecile; colloquial fool
dead meat- problem, difficulty

the first fruit- the first swallow
fruit machine- decomp. slot machine

daily bread- daily bread
bread buttered on both sides- well-being, security
make one "s bread- earn a living
to take the bread out of smb. "s mouth Beat smb.'s bread
all bread is not baked in one oven- people are different
to eat smb. "s bread and salt- to be smb. guest
to break bread with smb. Use smb. hospitality
to eat the bread of affliction- take a sip of grief
to know which side one "s bread is buttered- be on your mind
call bread bread, and wine wine- call things by their proper names
bread-and-butter letter- a letter expressing gratitude for the hospitality

to look as if butter wouldn "t melt in one" s mouth- pretend to be quiet, have an innocent, harmless appearance
butter-fingered- everything falls out of hand

to become a mere vegetable- vegetate, live plant life

salad- all sorts of things, mix
salad-days- time of youthful inexperience

salt of the earth- bibl. salt of the earth; the best, most worthy people, citizens
not worth one "s salt- worthless, not worth being paid
true to one "s salt- devoted to his master
to sit above the salt- sit at the top end of the table; sit above the salt
to eat salt with smb.- to be smb. a guest; be smb. a parasite; be in a dependent position
to earn one "s salt- not for nothing to eat your bread
pepper-and-salt- speckled woolen fabric; hair, beard with gray

mustard plaster- decomp. clingy person, "bath sheet"

coffee hour- meeting over a cup of coffee (com. Women)
coffee klatsch- (ladies') company at the coffee table; conversations and gossip (over a cup of coffee)
coffee ring- Amer. butter ring with nuts and raisins

high / meat tea- "big tea", early dinner with tea (in the north of England and in Scotland)
not smb. "s cup of tea- decomp. not to smb.'s taste (it is not my cup of tea)
to take tea with smb.- decomp. have with smb. relationship with smb. Affairs
tea party- a tea party; colloquial mess
not for all the tea in China- not for any price
Boston tea party- ist. Boston Tea Party (a batch of tea was dropped into the sea from English ships in 1773 in protest against the British tax-free import of tea into North America)

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14 Food Proverbs in English

A spoon is dear when lunch time is near.
The spoon is way to dinner.
After dinner comes the reckoning.
Do you like to ride, love to carry sledges.
There "s no such thing as a free lunch.
There are no free meals. (Free cheese only comes in a mousetrap.)
Breakfast like a king, lunch like a queen and dine like a pauper.
Eat breakfast yourself, share lunch with a friend, give dinner to the enemy. (Eat breakfast like a king, dine like a queen, and dine like a beggar.)
After dinner sit a while, after supper walk a mile.
Sit down after dinner, walk a mile after supper.
When flatterers meet, the devil goes to dinner.
When you meet flatterers, the devil goes to dinner (that is, he has nothing to do).
It "s the same old broth for dinner, only made a bit thinner.
The same cabbage soup, but pour thinner.
Hope is a good breakfast, but a bad supper.
Hope - good breakfast but bad dinner.
No song, no supper.
No song, no supper. (Who does not work shall not eat.)
If you laugh before breakfast you "ll cry before supper.
If you laugh before breakfast, you will cry until dinner.

After meat mustard.
Mustard after lunch. (The road is a spoon for dinner. After the fight, they don't wave their fists.)
One man "s meat is another man" s poison.
What is good for a Russian, death for a German.
A hungry man smells meat afar off.
A hungry godfather has bread on his mind.
He that hath many friends, eateth too much salt with his meat.
Don't have a hundred rubles, have a hundred friends.
They that have no other meat, bread and butter are glad to eat.
There is fish for fishlessness and cancer.

A tree is known by its fruit.
The tree is known by its fruits.

Half a loaf is better than no bread.
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.

Fine / kind / soft words butter no parsnips.
The nightingale is not fed with fables.

Every vegetable has its season.
Every vegetable has its own time.

When the daughter is stolen, shut Pepper Gate.
It's too late to scold when the daughter has already been stolen.

An unfortunate man would be drowned in a tea-cup.
A loser will drown in a cup of tea. (The censer smokes on the poor man.)
Drinking tea with pleasure isn "t working without measure.
Drink tea - do not chop wood.

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15 Games, songs, stories in English on the topic: Food (flash)

On the difference in the perception of food in English and Russian

Words with the same meaning often have different complementary meanings in different languages. Often this additional meaning is expressed in the "reckoning" of the same concept to different classes of phenomena due to the unequal function that these concepts perform in the life and everyday life of different peoples. So, for the Russian bran- feed for livestock, but for an Englishman bran- a dish that is usually served for breakfast. Russian fought- a dish of folk cuisine and is associated with peasant life, while identical to it is English custard- a widespread type of dessert, as common as our compote, or jelly(there is no equivalent for this latter in English cuisine and, accordingly, in English). For us sour cream- an everyday food product and an almost obligatory addition to many types of soups, for an Englishman the same sour cream- this is sour cream, that is, in fact, a spoiled product, etc.

Based on the book by L.S. Barkhudarov. "Language and Translation: Questions of General and Particular Theory of Translation".

The concepts of tasty - not tasty in English

In modern English, the concept of a negative assessment of food (Russian tasteless) is almost completely incomplete and poorly represented lexically.
The main way to express this concept is to combine not good[bad], and the use of this particular form, and not a sharper in emotional-evaluative connotations, a mono-lexical expression of the same concept bad[bad] is apparently no coincidence. In modern English society, as a rule, it is not customary to speak negatively about food, this does not correspond to cultural and ethical requirements, therefore this concept has remained lexically undeveloped, undefined.
The concept of a positive assessment of food - "tasty" - is represented in the language of modern English and American literature much more vividly, it is more detailed, lexically more varied. Along with the word good[good], phrases with words are used to express the concept of "tasty" delicious[tasty], nice[cute], excellent[great], perfect[perfect], fine[beautiful], splendid[excellent], appetizing[appetizing], beautiful[fabulous], savory[spicy].
Interesting observations were made in the study of the social background of the statement, as well as the context of the situation. It turned out that the expression of evaluating food is characteristic mainly for wealthy people, for representatives of the middle and upper strata of society, inclined in this matter to "overestimate" ( overstatement). Poor people, representatives of the lower strata of society, are much less likely to express their attitude to food and are inclined to "underestimate" it ( understatement). Both of these phenomena are easily explained: for representatives of the more prosperous strata of society, food intake is not just a natural function necessary to maintain life, but also a certain socio-cultural ritual, an important phenomenon. public life, for which the quality of food is essential (just remember the famous "lamb saddle" at the ceremonial meetings of the Forsyte family).
Evaluation of food (or food intake) among the wealthy strata of society is distinguished by lexical diversity and richness of shades. When describing the food of the poor, other criteria and lexical means are used, which are limited in most cases to words good[good], tasty[tasty], nourishing[nutritious].
In the food of the poor, the main advantage is its nutritional value, "solidity", "substance", that is, just what is conveyed by words nourishing[nutritious] and tasty[tasty]. It is difficult to imagine evaluating the food of the poor with words such as exquisite[exquisite], delectable[delicious] even delicious[very tasty].
The ways of expressing a positive or negative assessment of food can also be due to factors such as age, gender, and the level of education of the speaker. The tendency to overestimate is characteristic of young people.

From the book by S. G. Ter-Minasova "Language and Intercultural Communication".

Exercises and puzzles on the topic: Food (in English)

Food Poems (in English)

Handy Spandy, sugar candy,
French almond rock;
Bread and butter for your supper,
Is all your mother "s got.

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Molly, my sister and I fell out,
And what do you think it was all about?
She loved coffee and I loved tea,
And that was the reason we couldn "t agree.

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Peter, Peter, pumpkin eater,
Had a wife and couldn "t keep her.
He put her in a pumpkin shell
And there he kept her, very well.

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Peas porridge hot,
Peas porridge cold,
Peas porridge in the pot
Nine days old.

Some like it hot,
Some like it cold,
Some like it in the pot
Nine days old.

Selected restaurants, eateries and bars in the USA

New York:
The four seasons- Restaurant "Four Seasons". The restaurant's interior has remained largely unchanged since 1959, when it was first opened. All of his furniture is part of the collection of the Museum of Modern Art.
Sardi "s- "Sardi". The restaurant is famous for hundreds of cartoons of show business celebrities that adorn its walls. The restaurant has been operating since March 5, 1927.
Grimaldi "s Pizzeria- Pizzeria "Grimaldi". Popular pizzeria in New York. The first and most famous establishment is located under the Brooklyn Bridge in Brooklyn. The pizza is baked on charcoal ovens. Sold only as a whole.
21 Club- "Club 21". A restaurant and a drinking establishment that was illegal during Prohibition (1920-1933), the so-called. "speakeasy" from English "speak easy" - to speak softly). The walls and ceiling of the establishment are decorated with antique toys and sports memorabilia. The most recognizable attraction of the club is the 21 jockey figurines displayed on the balcony above the entrance. In the 1930s, grateful and wealthy clients of the bar presented the club with figurines of jockeys painted in the colors of the stables they owned.
Per se- "Per se" ("per se" in the translation from Lat. "As such", "in itself"). The restaurant is located in Columbus Square, on the fourth floor of the Time Warner Center. In 2011, it was named the best restaurant in the city by the New York Times.

Boston:
Durgin-park- "Durgin Park". Located in the heart of the shopping district next to Boston's largest landmark, Fenyuel Hall. The first restaurant on this site (in a former warehouse) was opened in 1742. It was acquired by John Durgin and Eldridge Park in 1827. In keeping with tradition, the diners of the restaurant sit at long tables.
Union oyster house- "Union Oyster House" (oyster - oyster). Open to the public since 1826, it is one of the oldest restaurants in the United States. The historical figures who visited the restaurant contributed to the popularity of the restaurant. Among them are members of the Kennedy family and Daniel Webster. In addition, in 1796, Louis-Philippe, King of France (1830-1848) in exile, lived in this building on the second floor. They say that toothpicks owe their popularity in America to this very place.

Chicago:
The berghoff- "Berghof". A restaurant near the Chicago Loop, the historic downtown area of Chicago. It was opened in 1898 by Hermann Berghof to sell beer under the family brand. Initially, sandwiches were served free of charge with beer. Until 1969, the Berghof bar served only men.

San Francisco:
Vesuvio Cafe- "Cafe Vesuvius". A historic site in the North Beach area. The bar was founded in 1948 and became a place where representatives of the "broken generation" ("beatniks"), including Jack Kerouac, Dylan Thomas and Neil Cassidy The bar is open daily from 6 am to 2 am.

Los Angeles:
Rainbow Bar and Grill- Rainbow Bar and Grill on Sunset Boulevard in West Hollywood. The restaurant under this name (at the time, the rainbow was a symbol of peace and freedom) opened with Elton John's party in 1972. Rainbow is gaining fame as a place for rock musicians and their fans, among its regulars were: John Lennon, Keith Moon, Grace Slick, Ringo Starr, Neil Diamond, Janis Joplin, Led Zeppelin and many others. And in the 80s, Poison and Guns N "Roses became frequent patrons of the bar.

About English breakfast today

Market analysts in the UK have announced the sad news - the popularity of the famous English breakfast has reached its lowest level ever.
A full English breakfast is also called a roast, as fried eggs, bacon, sausages, mushrooms and tomatoes are the key ingredients of this dish. High quality crispy toasted bacon is considered by many to be the highlight of the breakfast program.
The rhythm of modern life does not allow the British to enjoy all the delights of the morning culinary workout. There is not enough time to cook the toast, and more and more people prefer the continental breakfast to the English breakfast.
However, even for a croissant with jam and a cup of coffee, there is not always time left. Often, early in the morning, you can see people running to the metro station and swallowing a sandwich along the way. Some courageously get to the workplace on an empty stomach and eat their "ready-made breakfast" already there. This type of breakfast mainly consists of oatmeal or cornflakes chocolate bars and fruit.
According to experts, it is such a breakfast in a working chair that is ready to dance on the coffin lid of a traditional English fry.

Foreign enemies
Its main enemies came to Britain from abroad - Swiss muesli, the aforementioned French croissant and American muffin.
Europeans, in turn, look at the dying groans of the fry with surprise. For many foreigners, English breakfast is a stomach test. It seems to them too satisfying for the morning hour and too fatty for their liver. And there is no need to talk about vegetarians.
Meanwhile, since 1997, one in nine cafes specializing in traditional English breakfast has disappeared from the face of the earth without a trace.
The English breakfast also has twin brothers - the classic Irish version and the Scottish one. Each of them differs in some details, but they are all similar to each other, and their sad fate is similar.
Until the frying finally went down in history, we hasten to inform you of its recipe.
Ingredients (per serving): 1 egg ( egg), 1 sausage ( sausage), 2 strips of bacon ( rashers of bacon), 3 mushrooms ( champignons), 1 tomato ( tomato), 1 piece of bread ( slice of bread), if desired, beans in tomato ( beans in tomato sauce)
Fry sausages, bacon and tomato, cut into wedges. Fry mushrooms in vegetable oil. Next, cook the fried eggs. Toast the bread. Arrange everything on one plate.

According to news.bbc.co.uk.

Dining at the hotel (abbreviations)

RO(Room only), EP(European Plan), BO(Bed Only), AO(Accommodation Only) - room type without meals.
B&B(Bed and breakfast) - "bed and breakfast". Breakfast usually means a buffet ( BB- Buffet Breakfast).
HB(Half Board) - half board. As a rule, breakfast and dinner, but breakfast and lunch are also possible. May be called MAP(Modified American Plan).
FB(Full Board) - full board (breakfast, lunch, dinner). Letters AP(American Plan) also stands for three meals a day.
Ai(All Inclusive) - all inclusive - breakfast, lunch and dinner (buffet). During the day, drinks (alcoholic and non-alcoholic) are offered in unlimited quantities, as well as additional meals (lunch, afternoon tea, late dinner, light snacks, barbecue in hotel bars, etc.)
Additional forms of nutrition
CB(Continental Breakfast) - Continental breakfast. There is the name "French breakfast".
AB(American Breakfast) - "American breakfast". There is also an "English breakfast" - EB (English Breakfast).
UAI(Ultra All Inclusive) - breakfast, brunch, lunch, afternoon tea and dinner (buffet).

One can endlessly talk about delicious food and cuisine from around the world. We all love to have a snack somewhere in a cafe or cook something special at home. The topic of food and nutrition is always relevant - talking about food can unite even unfamiliar people and help keep the conversation going. Not all the same to talk about the weather :)

Today we'll talk about food vocabulary in English. About what food is called, what the British prefer, how to talk about food correctly and, of course, we will learn many new words about food in English with translation.

British and food. What do the British eat for breakfast, lunch and dinner?

The British are known for their traditions and respect for history. Everyone knows that the British are very polite in communication: they are unlikely to push in front of the bus, pushing everyone with their elbows to make it to board. Rather, they will sincerely apologize if they accidentally hit you on the street. The British as a nation honor and respect traditions, follow them with pleasure and instill love for them in the next generation. So it is with food - in the life of the British, it is far from the last place and many customs and everyday habits are associated with it.

What eating habit do you think of when we talk about England? Of course, about 5 o'clock tea!

From 4 to 6 pm in Britain comes "tea time". Usually the British drink black tea with milk and small sandwiches. The British can quite compete with the Chinese in the culture of tea drinking, because for them tea is not just a drink, but a whole ritual. In Great Britain they love tea very much and even joke good-naturedly on this topic themselves.

According to the British, tea must be strong, hot, and sweet like a woman’s kiss - Tea must be strong, hot and sweet, like a woman’s kiss.

Several idioms associated with tea:

Not somebody's cup of tea - Not somebody's cup of tea.

To take tea with somebody - Drink tea with someone (have a relationship with someone, do business)

Нusband "s tea - husband's tea (very weakly brewed tea)

For breakfast, the British prefer simple and hearty food: oatmeal, scrambled eggs and bacon, toast with jam and, of course, tea or coffee.

You can often find such a meal as brunch - it is formed by a combination of the words breakfast and lunch. This is such a snack between breakfast and lunch, or just "second breakfast".

The afternoon meal is called lunch. The most traditional meal for lunch is fish and chips. Fish and chips can be found everywhere in England, be it a gourmet restaurant or a street food truck. The British rarely eat pasta or rice. For sweets, they prefer warm apple pie (apple pie) or pudding (milk pudding).

Dinner (dinner) is much like lunch in composition, only lighter. After dinner, before going to bed, the British can drink cocoa with light snacks... This meal before bed is called supper.

Expressions on the topic of food intake in English:

Have breakfast - have breakfast

Have lunch - have lunch

Have dinner - have dinner

Have supper - eat before bed

Have (a) coffee / tea - drink coffee / tea

Have a meal - to eat

Have a snack - have a snack

Have a drink - to drink

Shopping list: product names in English with translation

Before heading to the grocery store for dinner, it's worth figuring out exactly where to go. In addition to the well-known supermarket, minimarket or grocery shop, there are specialized stores. The name of a butcher's shop or, for example, a pastry shop in English, see below:

Butcher's - butcher's

Sweet / candy shop - confectionery

Bakery - bakery

Dairy - dairy shop

Fishmonger’s - fish store

Greengrocer's - grocery store

Health food store - health food store

Liquor store - alcoholic store

Delicatessen - gastronomic department

Produce - fruit and vegetable section (in the supermarket)

Food and groceries in English with translation

It doesn't matter if you're shopping at the supermarket or the nearest corner shop - you need to know what to buy. How will there be different products in English. Let's divide them into subtopics to make it easier to remember.

Meat

bacon - bacon
beef - beef
chicken - chicken
duck - duck
ham - ham
lamb - lamb meat
liver - liver
meat - meat
mutton - mutton
ox tongue - beef tongue
patridge - partridge
pork - pork
poultry - bird, game
sausage - sausage
tenderloin - fillet, tenderloin
turkey - turkey
veal - veal
venison - venison

A fish

cod - cod
eel - eel
grouper - sea bass
herring - herring
mackerel - mackerel
pike - pike
pikeperch - pike perch
plaice - flounder
salmon - salmon
sardines - sardines
sole - sole
sturgeon - sturgeon
trout - trout

Vegetables

asparagus - asparagus
avocado - avocado
bean sprout - green beans
beans - beans
beet - beetroot
broccoli - broccoli
brussels sprout - Brussels sprout
cabbage - cabbage
carrot - carrot
cauliflower - cauliflower
chard - chard, beetroot
chick pea - chickpeas, chickpeas
cucumber - cucumber
eggplant / aubergine - eggplant
garlic - garlic
kohlrabi - kohlrabi
leek - leek
lentils - lentils
onion - onion
pea - peas
pepper - capsicum
potato - potatoes
scallion - green onions
spinach - spinach
pumpkin / squash - pumpkin
sweet potato - sweet potato
turnip - turnip
zucchini - zucchini

Fruits, berries and nuts

almond - almonds
apple - apple
apricot - apricot
banana - banana
berry - berry
blackberry - blackberry
blueberry - blueberry
brazil nut - Brazilian nut
cashew - cashews
cherry - cherry
cranberry - cranberry
grape - grapes
grapefruit - grapefruit
hazelnut - hazelnut
lemon - lemon
lime - lime
macadamia - macadamia nut
melon - melon
orange - orange
peach - peach
peanut - peanuts
pear - pear
pecan - pecan nut
pineapple - pineapple
pistachio - pistachios
plum - plum
raspberry - raspberry
strawberry - strawberry
tangerine / mandarin - mandarin
walnut - walnut
watermelon - watermelon

Cereals

barley - barley
buckwheat - buckwheat
grain - grain
lentil - lentils
pea - peas
pearl barley - pearl barley
rice - rice
semolina, manna groats - semolina
wheat - wheat

Milk products

butter - butter
cheese - cheese
condensed milk - condensed milk
cottage cheese - cottage cheese
cream - cream
cultured milk foods - fermented milk products
dried milk - milk powder
eggs - eggs
ice cream - ice cream
kefir - kefir
lactose - lactose, milk sugar
milk - milk
milk shake - milkshake
sheep cheese - sheep cheese
sour cream - sour cream
whey - whey
yogurt - yogurt

Desserts and sweets

bagel - bagel (yeast dough pretzel)
biscuit / cookie - cookies
box of chocolates - box of chocolates
bun / roll - bun
butterscotch / toffee- butterscotch
cake - cake, cupcake, cake
sweet / candy - candy
candy bar - chocolate bar
caramel - caramel
carrot cake - carrot cake
cheesecake - curd cake
chewing gum - chewing gum
chocolate - chocolate
chocolate bar - chocolate bar
cinnamon - cinnamon
cinnamon roll - cinnamon roll
cracker - cracker
croissant - croissant
cupcake - cupcake
custard - sweet custard
danish pastry - yeast puff pastry
dessert - dessert
flan - open pie with berries, fruits
fritter - deep-fried meat or fruit
frosting - frosting
frozen yogurt - frozen yogurt
gelato, ice cream - ice cream
gingerbread - gingerbread
granola - muesli
honey - honey
jam - jam; jam
jelly - jelly
lollipop - lollipop
maple syrup - maple syrup
marmalade - jam, confiture
marshmallow - marshmallow
muffin - muffin
nougat - nougat
oatmeal cookie - oatmeal cookies
pancake - pancake, pancake
peanut butter - peanut butter
popcorn - popcorn
canned fruit - canned fruit
pretzel - pretzel
pudding - pudding
pumpkin pie - pumpkin pie
sponge cake - sponge cake, sponge cake
strudel - strudel
sugar - sugar
toffee - toffee
vanilla - vanilla
waffle - waffle

Soft drinks

coffee - coffee
juice - juice
carbonated water / sparkling water / club soda - gas water
cream - cream
hot chocolate - hot cocoa
iced tea - iced tea
lemonade - lemonade
milkshake - milkshake
mineral water - mineral water
root beer - root beer (non-alcoholic herbal carbonated drink)
soda - carbonated flavored water
soft drink - non-alcoholic drink
still water - water without gas
tea - tea
water - water

Alcohol

red / white / rose wine - white / red / rose wine
cooler - alcoholic cocktail, usually based on wine
beer - beer
bourbon whiskey - bourbon whiskey
champagne - champagne
sparkling wine - sparkling wine
cocktail - cocktail
eggnog - an alcoholic drink based on beaten eggs
liqueur - liqueur
mulled wine - mulled wine
scotch whiskey - Scotch whiskey

When choosing food products, pay attention to the packaging and the following markings:

caffeine free - does not contain caffeine
decaf - decaf (about coffee)
diet - does not contain sugar (about drinks)
fat free - fat-free (about dairy products)
lean - low in calories, lean (about products)
light - low in alcohol
low cholesterol - low in cholesterol
low fat - low fat (about dairy products)
no preservatives - no preservatives

Don't forget that at the supermarket you might need a trolley or shopping-cart. After all purchases, go to the cashier's desk to pay for the goods.

Names of dishes in English with translation

Now that we know the main names of the products, it's time to talk about what you can cook from them at home or order at a restaurant.

Common dishes that can be found on the menu:

chop - meat on the bone
cutlet - cutlet
bacon and eggs - bacon with eggs
baked potatoes / jacket potatoes - jacket baked potatoes
boiled rice - boiled rice
burger - burger
eggs over easy - fried fried eggs on both sides
french fries - French fries
fried eggs / eggs sunny side up - fried eggs
fried rice - fried rice
grill - grilled meat
goulash - goulash
hash browns / hash brown potatoes / potato pancakes
hot dog - hot dog
lasagne - lasagne
mashed potatoes
noodles - noodles
omelette / scrambled eggs - omelette
onion rings - onion rings
pasta - pasta
pizza - pizza
poached eggs - poached eggs
porridge - porridge
roast - meat fried over an open fire
roast goose - Christmas goose
roasted vegetables - baked vegetables
sandwich - sandwich, sandwich
salad - salad
soup - soup
spaghetti bolognese - spaghetti bolognese
stew - stew
sirloin steak - boneless steak (large piece)
spare ribs - ribs
steak - steak
tempura - batter

In the restaurant, we study the menu and find out what is the main course in the restaurant, what soup of the day is served and what is offered for dessert.

If you order meat, then remember that there are several degrees of doneness: with blood - rare; medium roast with blood - medium rare; full roast - well-done.

For meat, you can choose something from the wine list (wine list) or order a soft drink (non-alcoholic drink).

Types of eateries where you can dine:

all-you-can-eat buffet - buffet-style snack bar
buffet - buffet
cafe - cafe
coffee house - coffee house
diner - An inexpensive eatery, often located by the side of the road (found in American)
drive-through / drive-thru / drive in - a car diner in which visitors place and take an order without leaving their car
restaurant - restaurant

Here are some phrases to help you order at a restaurant:

Can I have the menu, please? - Can I have a menu, please?

Can I take your order? - May I take your order?

Would you like something to drink? - Will you have any drinks? / Would you like something to drink?

What would you like for dessert? - What would you like for dessert?

I am not ready yet - I am not ready yet (in response to the waiter's question, are you ready to place an order)

What is this dish? - What is this dish?

What do you recommend? - What do you recommend?

What are your specialties? - What are your specialties?

I will have ... - I will ...

I would like ... - I would like ...

I will take this - I will take it

Could we have an extra chair, please? - Can we have an extra chair, please?

Could I see the wine list, please? - Can I see the wine list, please?

Do you serve wine by the glass? - Do you have wine by the glass?

Can I change my order? - Can I change my order?

Can I get this to go? - Can I take this with me?

Nothing else, thank you - This is not what I ordered - This is not what I ordered

Can I get / have the bill / check, please? - Could I have the bill, please?

How much is the total? - How much is the total?

Does the bill include the service charge? - Does the bill include tips?

I am paying for everyone - I pay for everyone

We are paying separately - We pay separately

Can I pay by card? - Can I pay by card?

Keep the change - No change needed / Keep the change for yourself

Everything was great, I’ll come again - Everything was great, I’ll come again

Idioms about food in English with translation

And finally, let's learn a few well-established expressions and idioms in English that will help you speak like a native speaker and understand English even better.

Big cheese - a big bump, an important person (literally: big cheese)

To bring home the bacon - make money for a piece of bread (literally: bring home the bacon)

A piece of cake - like two and two, easy (literally: a piece of cake)

To be as cool as a cucumber - calm like a boa constrictor (literally: to be cool as a cucumber)

To be full of beans - energetic, groovy, full of energy (literally: to be full of beans)

To buy a lemon - buy something unnecessary (literally: buy a lemon)

Chew the fat - wash bones (literally: chew fat)

Like two peas in a pod - two boots of a pair, one field of berries (literally: like two peas in a pod)

To eat a humble pie - accept, swallow a grudge (literally: eat a humble pie)

Carrot and stick - carrot and stick (literally: carrot and stick)

To cry over spilt milk - grieve over trifles (literally: cry over spilled milk)

For peanuts - very cheap, for pennies (literally: for peanuts)

Go bananas - go crazy (literally does not translate)

Meal ticket - something that will provide a comfortable life, a source of income (literally: meat ticket)

Hot potato - a situation that can get you in trouble (literally: hot potato)

Be in the soup - to be in a quandary (literally: to be in the soup)

To polish the apple - to deserve someone's favor (literally: to polish an apple)

To walk on eggs - be very careful (literally: to walk on eggs)

Traditional English food has been greatly influenced by other national cuisines in recent years. Despite this fact, if you travel to Britain, you can still be served up traditional English dishes in a restaurant or at a hotel.

A typical English breakfast is usually quite big and substantial. It includes pork sausages, bacon and eggs, tomatoes, baked beans, mushrooms and a toast. Some people enjoy porridge, fruit and yogurt in the morning, followed by a toast and jam, or orange marmalade. A traditional breakfast drink is tea, which British people prefer having with cold milk. Another popular morning drink is orange juice.

For many Englishmen lunch is a fast meal. In big cities there are a lot of sandwich bars where office clerks can choose all sorts of sandwiches with meat, fish, chicken, ham, prawns, eggs, cheese, vegetables and lettuce. Russian pubs also serve good food for lunch, hot and cold. Quite a lot of workers go to famous “fish and chips shops” and buy their favorite deep fried cod or haddock with French fries.

A lot of Englishmen drink their 5 o'clock tea. It's a traditional light meal after work. People enjoy their favorite teas with cookies, cakes, freshly baked sweet buns, scones and other pastries.

British people eat their evening meal at about 7 o'clock, when all members of the family are at home together. As a rule, a typical dinner is meat and vegetables. It can be roast chicken or lamb with potatoes, or steamed vegetables with meat gravy. For dessert, English wives cook various puddings and serve them with ice-cream or jam.

On Sundays British families like to sit together at the table enjoying roast beef, lamb or chicken, served with Yorkshire pudding and dressed with English mustard, apple sauce, cranberry sauce or mint sauce.

English food is simple but very delicious. Today it continues to merge in national cuisines from all over the world.

Translation

Traditional English food has been heavily influenced by other national cuisines in recent years. Despite this fact, if you travel to the UK, you may still be served traditional English food in a restaurant or hotel.

A typical English breakfast is usually quite large and substantial. It includes pork sausages, bacon and eggs, tomatoes, baked beans, mushrooms and toast. Some people like to eat porridge, fruit and yogurt in the morning, followed by toast with jam or orange marmalade. The traditional breakfast drink is tea, which the British like to drink with cold milk. Another popular morning drink is orange juice.

For many Englishmen, lunch is a quick meal. In big cities, there are many sandwich bars where office clerks can choose any kind of sandwich with meat, fish, chicken, ham, shrimp, eggs, cheese, vegetables and lettuce. English pubs also serve good food for lunch, hot and cold. Quite a few workers go to the famous Fish and Chips cafes and buy their favorite deep-fried cod or haddock and chips.

Many Englishmen drink five-hour tea. This is a traditional light meal after work. People enjoy their favorite tea with cookies, cakes, freshly baked sweet rolls, tortillas and other pastries.

The British have dinner in the evening at about 7 o'clock, when all family members are at home together. Typically, a typical dinner consists of meat and vegetables. This can be roast chicken or lamb with potatoes, or steamed vegetables and meat with gravy. For dessert, English wives prepare various puddings and serve them with ice cream or jam.

On Sundays, British families love to sit down and enjoy roast beef, lamb or chicken, served with Yorkshire pudding and spiced with English mustard, applesauce, cranberry sauce or mint sauce.

Food theme includes a lot of words and the list is endless. For those who have just joined us, here is And here is an additional list of food-related phrases that will come in handy if you are going on a trip abroad - . I advise you to go there and memorize the names of those products that you will eat and, of course, your favorite dishes!

List of English words # 2 on the topic "Food" (for advanced)

bacon and eggs - scrambled eggs with ham (bacon)
omelette ['omlit] - omelet
cottage cheese - cottage cheese
sausages - sausages
a hamburger - hamburger
boil - to boil
fry - fry
boiled eggs - boiled eggs
soft-boiled eggs - soft-boiled eggs
hard-boiled eggs - hard-boiled eggs
semolina [ˌsem (ə) ’liːnə] - semolina porridge
ham - ham
biscuits - cookies
pancakes - pancakes
cocoa - cocoa
mushroom soup - mushroom soup
fish soup - fish soup
pea soup - pea soup
roast meat (chiken) - fried meat (chicken)
fried potatoes
boiled potatoes - boiled potatoes
mashed potatoes
buckwheat [‘bʌkwiːt] porridge - buckwheat porridge
letice - lettuce
a side dish - side dish
a filling - filling
soft drinks - non-alcoholic drinks
strong drinks - strong drinks
cocktail - cocktail
wine - wine
dessert - dessert
strong tea - strong tea
weak tea - weak tea
cream - cream
lump of sugar - sugar cube
have three meals a day - eat 3 times a day
meal - food (meal)
for a starter - for a snack
for the first course - for the first (dish)
for the second course - for the second (dish)
for the dessert - for dessert
at the canteen (a cafe) - in the buffet (in the cafe)
at a restaurant - in a restaurant
at a bar (a pub) - in a bar (pub)
taste - to taste
smell - to smell
pour- pour
stir - to stir
lay the table - lay the table
clear the table - clear the table

Phrases:
What about having a bite? - How about grabbing a bite to eat?
What about asking for more? - How about asking for more?
Let’s drop into this small café. - Let's drop by this cafe.

Text 1. Read and translate.

For breakfast people may have eggs or an omelette. If eggs are boiled 2 or 3 minutes we call them soft-boiled eggs. If they are boiled 5 minutes or more we call them hard-boiled eggs. Some people don’t like eggs. They prefer porridge or semolina for breakfast. After porridge, eggs or an omelette people drink coffee or tea. I don’t like to drink strong tea or coffee. I prefer weak coffee with milk. My friend drinks coffee without milk. We always put some sugar into our coffee or tea. To make our coffee or tea sweet we put 2 or 3 spoonfuls of sugar and stir it with a tea-spoon.

spoonful - a teaspoon (what's in it)

tea-spoon - a teaspoon

Exercise 1. Name the objects (utensils).

spoon - spoon
tea-spoon - a teaspoon
fork - fork
knife - knife
plate - plate
dish - dish
bottle - bottle
cup - cup
saucer - saucer
glass - glass
mug - mug
jug - jug
kettle - kettle
tea-pot - teapot
sugar-basin - sugar bowl

Text 2. Read and translate.

Our mother always lays the table. She puts cups and saucers on the table. Then she pours out tea or coffee and puts tasty buns and sweets on the big dish, bread, butter and sometimes сottage cheese. She calls us and says that breakfast is ready. We come to the kitchen and sit down at the table. The breakfast begins. My brother and I put three lumps of sugar into our cups and begin to stir our coffee with a tea-spoon. The lumps of sugar melt very quickly and the coffee becomes sweet. My brother likes to have coffee with milk but I prefer coffee without milk. If I can’t reach a bun I say “Pass me a bun, please”. My mother passes me the bun saying “Here you are”, and I thank her. As our mother wants us to eat well she often says, "Children, help yourselves to bread and butter or to some cottage cheese". When breakfast is over we clear cups and saucers away and wash them up.

Say some sentences about your breakfast.

Exercise 2. Answer the questions:

Who cooks your breakfast?
Who else has dinner with you?
What kind of bread do you like best, white or brown?
What do you cut bread with?
What do you eat soup with?
What did you eat for breakfast yesterday?
Do you like strong or weak tea?
Where do you keep your forks, knives, spoons, plates and cups?

Exercise 3. Comlete the sentences.

Don’t eat off the ...
Don’t talk with your… full.
In order to lay the table we must put ...
The salt is to far from me, ...
What do you like best, an omelette or…?
When people want to drink they say, "We ...".
We must… before a meal and… after it.

In English, the use of the names of meals can differ depending on the country, region.

Breakfast- it is always breakfast, in any region of any country.
Lunch- lunch, dinner, that is, a daily meal.
Dinner- can be both lunch and dinner. Also dinner are formal dinners that can take place both in the afternoon and in the evening.
Supper- usually dinner. Very rarely, supper can be understood as lunch.

Difference between fruit and fruits

The peculiarity of the word fruit is that, unlike the Russian “fruit / fruit”, it is used mainly as an uncountable noun. The noun fruit in English has two main meanings:

1. Fruit as a kind of food, that is, a collective name for all fruits in general. In this case, the word is used in singular form fruit(although it is translated into Russian as “fruit”) without an article.

We have fresh vegetables and canned fruit... - We have fresh vegetables and canned fruit.
Do you eat fruit? - you eat fruit?
Don’t let Sammy have any fast food. If he’s hungry, give him fruit... - Don't give Sammy fast food. If he gets hungry, give him fruit.

2. Various types of fruits. The word is used in plural form fruits without article.

What fruits are good for breakfast? - What kind fruit good for breakfast?
Some fruits are toxic to dogs. - Some fruit toxic to dogs.

If you need to say about one fruit, that is, about one fruit (for example, one apple), then usually either the fruit is called "by name", or the expressions are used: some fruit, a piece of fruit.

Sammy ate an apple. - Sammy ate the apple.
Sammy ate some fruit. - Sammy ate the fruit.
Sammy ate a piece of fruit. - Sammy ate a fruit (not a piece of fruit).
He always has a piece of fruit with his breakfast. - He always has a fruit (one fruit) for breakfast.

Note: in botany, the words a fruit - fruits can be used to denote the fruit / fruit of a plant. But this is in scientific texts.

3. The friuts of something- the fruits of something (figuratively)

The fruits of your labor. - The fruits of your labor.
The fruits of learning. - The fruits of learning.

Difference between fish and fishes

Similar difficulty with words fish / fishes.

1. Fish in the meaning of "fish", that is, one separately taken fish, countable and can be used in a single and plural, but without changing the shape. That is, in the singular - fish, in the plural - fish.

A fish called Wanda. - Small fish named Wanda.
How to catch a fish... - How to catch fish.
How many fish did you catch? - How many fishes did you catch (plural)

2. If we are talking about different types of fish, then this fishes(as fruits - different kinds fruit).

Ichthyology is the study of fishes... - Ichthyology is the science of fish(about the types of fish).
There are a lot fishes in the sea. - There are many fish species(we are not talking about the number of fish, but about the number of species of fish).

3. If we talk about fish in general as a type of food, the singular form is used fish... In this case, this word is used as uncountable, respectively, without an article.

Do you eat fish? - you eat fish?
Fish is good for your health. - A fish good for your health.

Difference between drink and beverage

These are synonyms. Both words mean "drink" - both non-alcoholic and alcoholic. The difference is that the noun drink is used in everyday speech, while beverage is a somewhat stricter variant. For instance:

- What drinks do you like? - Which ones do you like beverages?
- Dear passengers, beverages can be purchased in the dining car. - Dear passengers, beverages can be purchased from the dining car.