After white cabbage, cauliflower is considered the second most popular. It is dietary and hypoallergenic. It is given to one-year-old children as the first complementary foods. Appearance depends on the variety of cauliflower. Breeders brought them out a lot, for different regions of the country. Multi-colored heads of cabbage will decorate any garden and will delight the eye until autumn.
Cauliflower differs from the usual not only in appearance, but also in taste. Before growing, novice gardeners need to familiarize themselves with the characteristics of this crop.
Pros and cons of planting crops on the site
Gardeners who grew cauliflower in their dachas find only one minus of this crop - it is not stored for a long time. The rest of the reviews are all positive.
There are some nuances of care:
- Water regularly and moderately. Immediately after transplanting seedlings to the site, moisten 3 times a week. As the plant grows, watering is reduced to 2 times.
- Cauliflower does not like loosening the soil around the bush, as the roots are close to the surface. But she likes mulching. Use: peat, humus, sawdust.
- Fertilization - 3-4 times per season. The first mullein application is made 2 weeks after transplanting the seedlings into the ground. The second - in 10-12 days. A complex of mineral fertilizers is added to the mullein.
- To avoid diseases and prevent the invasion of insects, it is necessary to strictly observe the agricultural technology of growing this crop. Can be used for prevention wood ash or tobacco.
Note! To collect a decent harvest, you need to make a little more effort than when growing white cabbage.
The best varieties of cauliflower for open ground
The variety of varieties of this crop, presented to the buyer, is great. When buying seeds, you need to consider the place of residence. Varieties for the Moscow region differ from those for the southern region.
The name of this variety justifies its external description. The heads are snow-white, small, each - about 850 grams. Due to the dense planting, a high yield is achieved. The plant is compact, does not need space for the growth of leaves.
The variety is classified as early ripe, it is considered the best among them. Disease resistant. The ripening period is 65 days after planting in the soil. Thanks to this, two crops can be obtained during the summer. Seedlings take root and develop well. Differs in simultaneous ripening of inflorescences.
Movir
Early maturing, resistant to sudden drop in temperature and drought, hybrid. With fast maturation of heads. During the season, they manage to grow two crops. The inflorescence is round, slightly flattened, white, weighing up to 1.2 kilograms. The pulp is pleasant to the taste. It does not show much immunity to diseases and pests.
The variety is mid-season. Ripe white-cream fruits are harvested on the 112th day. The shape of the inflorescences is round, slightly flattened. The weight of each reaches 1.2 kilograms. Leaves well cover the fruit from the sun.
Seeds sown for seedlings germinate at the same time, as do ripened heads of cabbage. The variety is resistant to early frosts and diseases.
white beauty
Variety with round and large inflorescences, weighing up to 1.2 kilograms. Gives consistent yields. Ripening period - from 55 to 65 days. Not resistant to pests. Processing needs to be done on time. It is recommended to cover young seedlings with a film at night. Normally transfers transportation and short storage. The vegetable has an attractive appearance even when frozen.
Amerigo
Full maturation occurs on the 80th day after planting seedlings in the ground. The mass of one cabbage does not exceed 2.5 kilograms. This variety is immune to pests and some diseases.
Cabbage can grow until frost in the garden, as the variety is cold-resistant. It has large leaves that protect the head from the sun. On the permanent place seedlings are planted in mid-May, early June.
Early maturing varieties and hybrids
Varieties of early ripe hybrids and varieties differ in head shape, weight and taste. They are in demand among gardeners because of the fast ripening period. The crop is harvested long before the cold snap.
Alpha
The variety gives good yields. Characterized early period head maturation. Heads of cabbage are ready for harvesting already 62 days after planting the seedlings in the ground. The head is round, with prominent tubercles. It has White color.
Alpha tastes great. Has a long fruiting period. Harvest begins with the first frost.
Vinson
Refers to early ripe hybrids. The size is medium, the head of cabbage is round, with small tubercles. It has a high commercial performance. It has tender flesh and mild taste. The average weight is up to 2, sometimes 3 kilograms. Vinson is very competitive due to the pleasant taste of cabbage. Completely universal - it is added to salads, make independent dishes. Freeze and use in conservation.
summer resident
Like Alpha, it has a long fruiting period. After the appearance of seeds, 108 days pass before the maturity of the cabbage. Inflorescences are round, small, up to 1 kilogram.
Heads are white, sometimes slightly creamy, dense and fine-grained. It tolerates short storage well. Used in preservation, cooking, fresh and freeze.
Guarantee
Ultra early variety. Forms large heads, with upper protective leaf plates. Heads of cabbage are fine-grained, white, spherical, ripen together. The warranty has a pronounced flavor. It is immune to bacteriosis, calmly tolerates short storage.
Brought Russian breeders. The plant is compact, the trunk is even. Leaves are light green, gray coating. The heads weigh up to 1 kilogram, have a spherical shape. If the land is fertile, and the plant is given proper care, then the weight of each head of cabbage can reach up to two kilograms. The ripening time of inflorescences is 70 days. Widely used in cooking.
Express F1
The ultra-early variety has heads of cabbage weighing no more than 0.5 kilograms. The color of the cabbage is white, sometimes cream. It has a leading position in taste among early varieties. The ripening period lasts 62 days. Vulnerable to pests, but does not suffer from bacteriosis.
Seedlings are planted in the ground in early May. At night, to protect against possible frosts, they cover with a film or a special non-woven material.
Important! If cabbage leaves begin to deform, you need to feed them with nitrogen and potassium fertilizers.
Mid-season and late-ripening varieties
These varieties, like the earlier ones, have a wide variety.
Cortes
Gives a late harvest. The weight of one head of cabbage is from 2 to 3 kilograms, the ripening period is 75 days from planting seedlings in a permanent place. Cortes has the following advantages: a high yield of the crop, and he also covers the heads on his own. Needs systematic feeding. Loves fertile soil. Calmly tolerates a decrease in temperature and withstands short-term frosts.
snowball
The variety is mid-season, the ripening period of cabbage is 78-119 days. The harvest is in August-September. Heads are rounded, slightly flattened, bumpy. White inflorescences, which close the leaves on top, fit tightly to each other. Weight can be from 500 grams to two kilograms.
It has good taste without bitterness and stable yield, with timely care and proper watering. This variety is good frozen.
fractal
A fractal is a figure that consists of constantly repeating certain parts, changing in magnitude. This is the principle of self-similarity. At all levels, fractals are identical to themselves, in any size. There are many fractals in nature. A tree with trunk-like branches, only reduced in size.
A vegetable fractal is a representative of cauliflower - the Romanesco variety.
Romanesco
The name was given because of the place of origin - a suburb of Rome. Romanesco literally translates as "Roman". Very interesting appearance: large and small inflorescences in the form of a cone are arranged in a spiral. They have a bright green color.
The taste is delicate, without bitterness, with a pleasant creamy-nutty flavor. Very demanding on watering, especially in drought. Needs fertilizer from a mixture of manure (rotted) and mineral components.
purple ball
Medium maturation variety. It really needs regular watering and fertile soil. In acidified soil, it will not yield a crop. The heads are round, lilac. Each weighs up to 1.5 kilograms. The pulp contains a large amount of protein, minerals and vitamins.
Parisian
A newly bred hybrid, with an average ripening period. Fruit maturity occurs on the 80th day from planting in the ground. Can be stored up to 2 months. Apply fresh, sealed and frozen. Very moisture-loving, and does not tolerate soil with high acidity.
Freedom
It has average term aging. 80 days after planting young seedlings, seedlings can already be harvested. The heads are large - up to 2 kilograms, round, white. They have a medium bumpy surface. It adapts well to unstable weather conditions.
Cultures with unusual coloration
Breeders do not stop at breeding species with good taste, resistance to diseases and pests, they are also interested in breeding varieties with an unusual color.
This late variety was brought out recently, in the company Gavrish. Cabbage purple has very small inflorescences, weighing up to 250 grams. Around the head are light green leaves. This variety is called an edible flower. Has excellent taste. In dry weather, it needs daily watering.
Agnia
The newest variety, bred at the N. I. Vavilov Institute. Recommended for cultivation in the southern latitudes of the country. It has a snow-white head with a slight tuberosity. The pulp is tender and tasty. One head of cabbage weighs about 1.5 kilograms. Versatile in use: cooking, freezing and canning.
The variety was bred only in 2015, it belongs to the later ones. Heads of green color are covered with leaves. Gained great popularity among gardeners, lovers of beautiful and exquisite vegetables. It has dietary properties and excellent taste. Of the minuses - low productivity.
Holland offers big choice varieties of cabbage different terms maturation.
- Goodman - a mid-early variety bred in Holland, is also popular in Russia. The heads are white, slightly yellowish, weighing up to 900 grams. The leaf is wrapped around the head, covering it from the sun. The variety is productive.
- Artost F1 - refers to medium-early large-fruited hybrids. The weight of one head is 4 kilograms. The term of full maturation, from planting in the soil - 68 days.
- Cambria F1 - inflorescence of white color, spherical shape. Gives a harvest in 64 days. Not exposed to fusarium. The weight of one head is 2.5 kilograms.
- Tiara F1 is an ultra-early hybrid. The heads are spherical and white, weighing no more than 2 kilograms. They have excellent taste.
- Farao F1 - fruit ripening period - 63 days. The weight of one is up to 3 kilograms. The variety is not capricious and gives a quick harvest.
These varieties of Dutch selection are grown in Russia, in open areas. They take root well and give a high quality crop.
What to choose depending on the region
In warm climates and good weather, cauliflower adapts and grows easily. In regions with a cool or even harsh climate, it must be carefully looked after and, most importantly, select the right varieties.
For the Middle lane and the Moscow region
Gardeners of the Middle Strip and the Moscow region, who grow cauliflower in their dachas, have long decided on the best varieties:
- White Cloud is an early ripe hybrid, bred in Russia. A head of white color, flat-round shape, weighing up to 2.5 kilograms. Has good taste. The leaves are raised up.
- Oil head - an early ripe variety, bred by Russian breeders. It has a spherical head shape, yellowish-green color. The cabbage is bumpy. The weight of one inflorescence is 1.5 kilograms. The leaves are covered with wax, gray-green, small.
- Flirt is a medium early variety. The head of cabbage is oval, tuberous, white. Weight - up to 2.3 kilograms. The leaves are wavy along the edge, covered with wax.
- Socius is a mid-season variety. The heads are small, flattened, about 1 kilogram each. Spherical, tuberous, white. The leaves are long, grey-green.
- Amandine is a late-ripening hybrid, with excellent taste, weighing 1.5 kilograms. The shape of the head is round, flattened, white. Leaves are wavy along the edge.
- Givont is a late-ripening hybrid with small white inflorescences, weighing up to 700 grams.
The presented varieties are universal. They are used in cooking, preservation, freezing.
For the Urals and Siberia
For the harsh climate of the Urals and Siberia, there are specially bred varieties that easily tolerate unstable weather.
- Purple ball - early ripening period, 55 days from planting young plants in a permanent place. Differs in frost resistance and resistance to unexpected weather changes. Heads of bright purple color, rounded and flattened shape.
- Color express - belongs to varieties of early ripening - 2 months. The mass of one round head is 600 grams. The color is white, with a slight yellowness. The variety is high-yielding and frost-resistant.
- Amphora F1, with an early ripening period - a spherical head, weighing up to 0.5 kilograms. The shade is gray-green - both on the head and on the leaves. Used in freezing.
Important! When buying seedlings, it is impossible to distinguish between varieties. Features appear much later. In order not to be mistaken, you need to buy plants from a trusted seller!
Thanks to the variety of varieties and a wide selection of cauliflower seeds in gardening stores, summer residents can grow it throughout the summer. Particularly noteworthy are the color and appearance of the elite varieties Romanesco, Lilac Ball and Clara's Corals.
Cauliflower is more demanding on growing conditions than white cabbage, traditional for our country. Yes, the process of growing cauliflower is associated with many nuances that significantly complicate obtaining a quality crop, but all these difficulties are more than compensated for by the healthy and tasty greens that you can get.
To date, there is a great variety of varieties of this crop - from early to late ripening. A lot of hybrids have also appeared, and all of them are noticeably superior to traditional varieties in most of the indicators.
All varieties of culture are divided into three large groups:
- early - are distinguished by a short growing season, as well as denser heads surrounded by short leaves;
- medium - have leaves of greater length, heads are formed at temperatures above 20 ° C;
- late - have the same features as mid-season, only it takes more time to ripen (about 130 days).
Consider the best representatives each of the groups.
Early ripe varieties
Obviously, they ripen first. In order for the head of cabbage to fully mature, it takes no more than 85-100 days after the first shoots. This group consists not only of long-known varieties, but also of hybrids (the latter are not so resistant, but are characterized by higher yields).
"Snowball"
One of the best representatives of early varieties, producing beautiful and dense heads that have a classic slightly flat shape. The socket is small, the weight of one fruit ranges from 650-850 g, although under good agrotechnical conditions it can exceed 1.2 kg. Tellingly, the "Snowball" is designed for consumption not only fresh, but also as part of various dishes. It's also very tasty.
Cauliflower "Snowball", seeds
Note! Even if the heads reach their maximum weight (1.2 kg), seedlings can still be planted quite densely. And this, in turn, allows you to collect about 3-4 kg from 1 m².
There are no problems with fruiting, which is mainly due to good resistance. More specifically, this variety can be grown both in greenhouse conditions and in open soil. The growing season is only 60-65 days (if you start calculating from the day the seedlings were planted, but in general it is no more than 110 days).
Other benefits of the Snowball include:
- increased resistance to cauliflower diseases;
- high yield in a short time period;
- fast adaptation;
- excellent weather tolerance.
As for the shortcomings, it is difficult to name them. There is, however, one point that confuses some gardeners - the small size of the heads. In addition, this variety is recommended to be grown exclusively with the help of seedlings.
"Express"
This variety is characterized by small heads (no more than 350-500 g) and rosettes, although such characteristics are quite normal for early ripening varieties. The color of the heads themselves is white, often with a slight yellow tinge.
It is necessary to plant seedlings of Express cabbage in the ground in early May, and ripened fruits can be harvested after 55-60 days.
The variety feels better under the film, however, when favorable conditions you can take a chance and try to grow it in open soil. The yield per 1 m² is about 1.5 kg.
Other benefits of Express include:
- resistance to bacteriosis;
- the best taste qualities among all early maturing crops.
There is only one minus - low resistance to cauliflower pests, although this can be dealt with by treating the beds with special preparations and then covering them (the beds).
"Dachnik"
The next variety has a longer fruiting phase. The period between germination and harvest, as a rule, does not exceed 100 days. The heads are round, slightly flattened, white, weight - about 1 kg.
Cauliflower "Dachnitsa"
The fruits can be eaten raw or frozen. They contain a lot of sugar, ascorbic acid.
"Dachnitsa", seeds
Hybrid "Movir-74"
The outlet size of this hybrid cauliflower is average - from 45 cm to 95 cm. The heads are usually round or flattened-round, their diameter can be from 12 cm to 25 cm (it all depends on the weather, quality planting material and care). And the mass of the heads, respectively, varies between 400-1400 g.
The main difference of this hybrid is white (less often - light yellow) color, as well as a specific bumpy surface. If the heads are large, then the yield of Movira-74 can reach 4 kg / m². Ripening occurs early (maximum 105 days after germination).
Cauliflower "Movir 74"
As for the advantages of a hybrid, these include:
- good taste;
- possibility of fresh and canned consumption;
- excellent responsiveness to watering;
- resistance to high/low temperature;
- the possibility of obtaining 2 crops during the season.
But resistance to pests and diseases is low (for example, a hybrid is often affected by bacteriosis), so additional protection is required.
Mid-season varieties
Such varieties require from 120 to 130 days to fully ripen. This is more than in early crops, but the fruits can be stored for a longer time.
The head of the representatives of the variety is round, with a white color and an extremely dense structure. As a rule, one head weighs up to 1.2 kg. The leaves are long, light green. This variety deserves special attention not only because of its excellent taste, but also because of the high content of useful minerals.
Note! "White Beauty" refers to high-yielding varieties, especially since her fruits are really large and heavy. The yield indicator reaches 6 kg / m².
Moreover, the fruits ripen quickly - a maximum of 125 days after sowing the seeds. If you plan to grow this variety in open soil, then it is better to use seedling way, although heads grown under a film of seeds also turn out good.
The main advantages of the described variety include:
- the possibility of eating fruits fresh, as well as for conservation and freezing;
- excellent taste;
- long-term storage of the crop;
- high yield combined with medium maturation.
The disadvantages include only low resistance to pests and diseases, which, in principle, is inherent in almost all mid-season varieties.
The head is white (weighing up to 1.2 kg), the socket is slightly raised. The taste is excellent. A distinctive external feature, by which this variety can be immediately recognized in the garden, is a head heavily wrapped in leaves.
The variety is considered mid-season, but theoretically the fruits can ripen already on the 110th day after germination. Nevertheless, it is advisable not to hurry with the collection of fruits - it is better to wait a little longer than to eat unripe greens. The variety also has a high yield (from 26 t / ha), and ripening occurs almost simultaneously, so you can quickly collect fruits.
The benefits of Flora Blanca include:
- resistance to bacteriosis and autumn frosts;
- the possibility of eating fruits fresh, canning and freezing;
- long-term storage of fruits.
No cultural deficiencies were identified.
Late-ripening varieties
Their maturation lasts over 130 days, which is why they are grown exclusively in the southern regions. And it is not surprising, because otherwise the seedlings or ripening heads may frostbite. Among the best representatives of the category are F1 hybrid forms.
Gives the snow-white heads differing in excellent commodity quality. The rosette of foliage is dense, covering the head on hot days. The average weight of one head ranges from 2-2.5 kg. The fruits are used for fresh consumption, as well as for freezing and processing. Other features of the hybrid include extremely high yields, intensive development and resistance to frost (thanks to the latter, Amerigo F1 is recommended for autumn cultivation).
Cabbage ripens late - somewhere in 75-80 days after planting seedlings.
The benefits of a hybrid are:
- wide scope of application;
- resistance to low / high temperatures.
However, for the normal development of this cauliflower, mineral fertilizers, which means that the plants will still have to be fertilized, even if the soil is fertile.
It is distinguished by dense white heads weighing 2-3 kg, which can be considered a kind of record among the varieties described in the article. The fruits are used in the same way as the previous hybrid. Ripening traditionally comes late - at least 75 days after planting seedlings. This means that the ripening heads can "live" until the autumn frosts, but the latter will not harm them.
The advantages of a hybrid include:
- high yield;
- the ability to "shelter" (like the "Amerigo F1").
But if you grow a hybrid in infertile soil, then about high yield you can forget. Therefore, in order to get 3-kilogram heads, you need to devote a lot of time to feeding the plants.
Features of planting cauliflower
The culture needs soil with normal acidity. The composition may be different, but it is desirable that the soil be moist and rich in fertilizers, therefore, in early spring or even in autumn, ash, dolomite flour or lime should be added. In addition, in the fall, when digging, mineral fertilizer is applied.
Cauliflower is best planted after the following crops:
- beans;
- tomatoes;
- cucumbers;
- beet.
Planting can be done both by seedlings and seeds. The first method is preferable for the regions of the middle lane, while the second is used by residents of the south.
Method number 1. reckless
Everything is extremely simple here: in the first days of May, fertilized and dug up beds are moistened, after which seeds are sown in them to a depth of about 2 cm. The first heads in this case should appear as early as July.
Method number 2. With seedlings
The process is not much different from similar actions when growing white cabbage, but about some important nuances still worth telling. So, the root system of cauliflower is not so developed, so one common box can be prepared for sowing (6 days before transplanting, the soil will need to be cut into squares so that branched roots form in the plants).
Then you need to properly prepare the seed: the seeds should be kept in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate and boiling water, and only then you can proceed directly to sowing.
As for the specific sowing dates, they are as follows:
- for mid-season varieties, this is the period from April 10 to May 12;
- for early crops and hybrids - from the first to the last days of March;
- for late-ripening - from March 15 to June 10.
2 weeks after sowing, seedlings should be hardened off, and transplanted into open ground should be produced when the weather is consistently warm, while the age of the sprouts before planting is different for different groups:
- 35 days for late;
- 40 days for medium;
- 60 days for early varieties.
When transplanting, it is recommended to use the following scheme: the row spacing should be 50 cm, and the distance between the holes should be 25 cm. Immediately after transplantation, the plants are covered with a film, in addition, for greater survival, they can be shaded for several days.
Features of further care
After transplanting, the cabbage should be watered regularly. After 2 weeks, hilling should be done, and after another 7 days, top dressing should be applied for the first time. Other care features are shown in the table below.
Table. How to take care of the culture
| Condition | Short description |
|---|---|
| You need to water abundantly, but you should not overdo it. At first, seedlings need to be watered twice a week (6-8 l / m²). After a few weeks, the consumption can be increased to 9-10 liters. |
| There are many pests that can affect cauliflower, and it is extremely difficult to deal with them. Therefore, for preventive purposes, it is recommended to sprinkle the plants with tobacco or ash, or, alternatively, spray with infusion of burdock or tomato stalks. |
| We figured out the feeding before planting, so we note that in the future it is necessary to periodically water the plants with a solution of chicken manure or mullein. Some varieties require mineral fertilizers. |
| The optimum temperature for culture development is 16-25°C. Exceeding this indicator will lead to a deterioration in yield. |
As a result, we note that if you followed all the above recommendations, but the cauliflower still did not give the desired result, then it remains only to reduce the planting density.
Video - Growing cauliflower
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Cauliflower has been cultivated by man for hundreds of years. In our country, cauliflower appeared only in the 18th century and did not become widely known due to the difficulties of growing - the plant is thermophilic and ripens for a long time. But in the 20th century, the situation changed significantly, as many varieties were created that could grow under difficult weather conditions.
The best varieties of cauliflower
When choosing a variety of cauliflower, experienced gardeners must pay attention to the ripening period, which can be from 50 to 200 days. Importance also have:
- ability to endure adverse conditions;
- productivity;
- taste and commercial qualities of inflorescences.
Early
Early varieties of cauliflower are ready for harvesting within 50–100 days after germination (in late June - early July). And residents of the southern regions, when planting such varieties, can receive several crops per season. But early ripening cauliflower also has its drawbacks. Its sprouts are not as large as those of the late one, and are much less stored.
Varieties with a short ripening period include:
- Moscow Ultra;
- Guarantee;
- Polar Star;
- Movir 74;
- Tsendis;
- Express MS;
- Dereza goat;
- Françoise;
- Yarik.
Guarantee
Domestic variety obtained by specialists of the Vegetable Experimental Station named after V.I. Edelstein of the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy and entered into the State Register for all regions of Russia in 1968. Reaches harvest maturity on the 70-98th day after germination.
Guarantees are characterized by round, creamy or yellowish heads with a fine-grained surface. Their weight ranges from 500 g to 1.2 kg. Heads taste great. The warranty is not prone to fading, fading and cracking. It also has a relative resistance to such a dangerous disease as bacteriosis. The variety ripens quite amicably. From 1 m 2 of plantings, from 1.5 to 3.8 kg of cauliflower are harvested.
The diameter of the heads of the variety Guarantee can reach 26 cm
Dereza goat
Goat dereza is one of the most famous varieties of Russian breeding. Its harvesting is started on the 50-70th day after germination. The vertical rosette consists of gray-green, slightly bubbled leaves, partially covering the inflorescences. The heads are rounded, dense, white. The taste is good. The average weight of sprouts is 600–800 g, but under favorable conditions it can increase up to 2.5 kg.
The yield of the variety is 3.2 kg / m 2. It is characterized by friendly maturation, which allows you to collect most of the heads in one go. The variety easily tolerates a short-term drop in temperature to -5 ° C. It is rarely affected by diseases characteristic of representatives of the cruciferous family.
The cauliflower variety Koza-Dereza, bred by Biotechnology specialists, is recommended for cultivation in all regions of the Russian Federation
Video: personal experience of growing cabbage Koza-dereza
Francoise
Francoise ripens on the 90-100th day after germination. The heads are yellowish, rounded flat, partially covered with gray green leaves. They are not very dense, but have a very delicate texture. The weight of sprouts rarely exceeds 600 g. The average yield is about 3.2 kg / m 2. The taste of the Francoise variety is rated by experts as excellent. It is eaten fresh and subjected to all kinds of processing.
Mid-season
Mid-season varieties of cauliflower require 100 days and stable warm weather (above 20 o C) to reach harvest maturity. Their main advantage is their long shelf life. in number popular varieties cauliflower with an average ripening period includes:
- summer resident;
- Purple ball;
- Purple;
- White head;
- Parisian;
- Clipper.
summer resident
Dachnitsa is a variety that tolerates high humidity and sudden changes in temperature, recommended for cultivation in all regions of Russia. It is characterized by an extended period of formation of inflorescences, thanks to which gardeners get the opportunity to harvest throughout the season. The variety forms a raised rosette of leaves with partially covered flat-round dense heads. Their color can vary from whitish to light cream. The average weight is 0.6–1 kg. The taste of inflorescences received the highest ratings from experts. They are used for stewing, boiling and baking fresh and after freezing.
purple ball
Purple ball - original variety, ripening 4 months after germination, which can be grown not only for eating, but also for decorating the garden. Differs in saturated-violet coloring of flat-rounded heads. They have a nice soft texture and great taste.
Cauliflower variety Lilac ball will decorate any garden
Under favorable conditions, the weight of the Lilac ball heads is about 900 g. The average yield of the variety is about 2.9 kg / m 2. Its inflorescences are used as food after cooking. When preparing them, it must be taken into account that during cooking, the color loses its brightness.
Video: the subtleties of growing cauliflower with an unusual color
Parisian
Parisienne - disease resistant and low temperatures a variety that reaches harvest maturity on the 110th–120th day after germination. Forms dense rounded-flat heads of milky color, which are partially covered with light green leaves. The average weight is 750 g. The Parisienne has an excellent taste, which is preserved during freezing and canning. The average yield is 2.5 kg / m 2.
Late
Late varieties of cauliflower ripen no earlier than 120 days after germination. Such a long wait is well justified. large heads, whose weight often exceeds 1.5 kg, have excellent taste. In addition, they are well stored and transported over long distances.
Late maturing varieties include:
- Agnia;
- Silver ball;
- Hispalis;
- Green snowdrift;
- Trident;
- Otis.
Agnia
A modern variety of Russian selection, created for sowing before winter. With this method of planting, the first crop is harvested from it in mid-July. Usually it is about 2.5 kg/m 2 . Agnia heads are rounded flat, whitish, with a fine-grained surface and delicate texture. From the bright sun, they are well protected by blue-green leaves that completely cover the inflorescences. The average weight of sprouts is 1.5 kg. Agnia variety has good taste and excellent marketability. It is used for boiling, stewing and baking.
Green snowdrift
Green snowdrift - Russian variety with rounded green heads, partially covered with grayish, long leaves elliptical shape. It ripens on the 180-190th day after germination. The average weight of the Green Snowdrift heads is 740–840 g. The taste and commercial qualities of the variety are very high. It is used for fresh consumption and all types of processing. Variety Green Snowdrift is immune to bacteriosis.
One square meter of plantings of the Green Snowdrift brings about 2.1 kg of high-quality heads with the original color
Varieties of Dutch selection
V Lately hybrids bred by Dutch breeders are especially popular. They are distinguished by stable yields, unpretentiousness, even heads.
Table: hybrids of the Dutch selection common in Russia and the CIS countries
| Name of the hybrid | Ripening period | Productivity (kg / m 2) | Average head weight (kg) | Short description |
| Amerigo | Middle late | 3,1–4,5 | 1,5 | The heads are rounded, medium tuberous, dense, completely covered with gray-green leaves. The color is whitish, the texture is delicate. Taste is excellent. The hybrid is able to tolerate low temperatures at the end of the growing season and rarely suffers from diseases. Among its minuses, only exactingness to soil fertility can be noted. |
| Goodman | mid-early | 3,2–4,6 | 0,6–0,7 | Partially covered with blue-green wavy leaves, the heads are round-flat, whitish-yellow, with medium or coarse tuberosity, aligned in size. The taste is excellent. Recommended for canning and preparing summer salads. Goodman is rarely affected by disease, but does not tolerate drought well. |
| Vinson | Early | 5,9 | 1,8 | Whitish, rounded flat, partially covered heads have a dense structure and excellent taste. |
| Cortes | Early | 2,0–3,9 | 0,6–2,0 | White, medium bumpy, rounded, dense heads partially covered with green leaves. The taste is good. The hybrid differs in stable productivity and high marketability. |
| Malimba | Early | about 4 | 0,6–1,5 | The heads are flat-round, dense, milky white, covered with leaves. It is used for stewing, cooking and baking fresh and canning. The taste is excellent. Malimba is resistant to common infections, but suffers greatly from lack of moisture and nutrients. It reacts especially badly to excessive acidification of the soil, which can lead to a significant decrease in yield, and sometimes to the death of the plant. |
| Santamaria | Medium (75–95 days) | 3,6 | 0,8–1,5 | Elliptical heads, dense, completely covered with leaves. White colour. The hybrid is suitable for all-season cultivation in closed ground. It easily tolerates drought and lack of potassium, and is also rarely affected by fungal infections. Cauliflower Santamaria keeps well fresh and does not lose its taste after freezing. |
| Fortaleza | mid-season | 4,9 | 2.8 | Hilly, rounded flat, partially covered with gray-green vesicular leaves, the heads are whitish in color and have a delicate structure. The taste is excellent. |
| Fremont | mid-early | 4,6–5,5 | 1.5–2 | The heads are flat-round, dense, white, strongly tuberous, completely closed. The texture is delicate. The taste is excellent. Fremont amicably forms heads aligned in size and easily tolerates heat. |
Photo Gallery: Dutch Cauliflower Hybrids
Amerigo heads are securely protected from the scorching sun Vinson hybrid can be grown both in open ground and in greenhouses Goodman needs regular watering to set and grow heads 
The heads of the Cortes hybrid are of high commercial quality. No more than 55 days pass from the emergence of Malimba shoots to the maturation of the heads. 
Santamaria heads are ready for harvest 75-95 days after planting seedlings in a permanent place 
Due to the almost complete coverage of Fortaleza heads with leaves, they do not suffer from sunlight. Under favorable conditions, the weight of Fremont heads often reaches 5 kg.
highly productive
Usually, from 2 to 4 kg of marketable products are collected from 1 m 2 occupied by cauliflower. But recently, hybrids have been bred, the yield of which reaches 8–10 kg / m 2. For instance:
- Prudence. mid-early dutch hybrid zoned on the territory of the Russian Federation in 2018. Forms round-flat, almost white heads weighing about 2.3 kg. The taste is excellent. 1 m 2 beds of this hybrid brings up to 11.5 kg of vegetables used for cooking, stewing and preservation.
- Octopus. Mid-late hybrid with broadly elliptical, whitish, tuberous heads, fully enclosed grey-green leaves. Taste is excellent. The yield of Octopus ranges from 6 to 9.5 kg / m 2.
- Flirt. French mid-season hybrid with rounded whitish heads weighing 1.5–2.2 kg, partially covered with gray-green leaves. Productivity - from 6.2 to 9.1 kg / m 2. Flirt's inflorescences are very tasty. They are used for fresh consumption after heat treatment.
- Ferraro. Dutch mid-season hybrid recommended by the State Commission for cultivation in all regions of our country. Its heads, slightly covered with gray-green leaves, are broadly elliptical and almost white in color. At the stage of removable maturity, their weight is 2–2.3 kg. 1 m 2 beds of Ferraro brings about 8 kg of inflorescences with excellent taste.
Varieties and hybrids for regions
When choosing a variety of cauliflower for planting, the climate of the region is of great importance. So, varieties that bring a bountiful harvest in the south grow poorly and tie heads in cool weather, which is characteristic of more northern regions, and vice versa.
For the central zone of the Russian Federation and the Moscow region
The short and not too warm summer of the Moscow region and the entire middle zone allows the cultivation of only cauliflower varieties with a short growing season. Nice results here are the following representatives of this culture:
- Moscow Ultra;
- Movir 74;
- Vinson;
- Glade star;
- Goodman;
- summer resident;
- Dereza goat.
For the Urals and Siberia
Cauliflower varieties grown in Siberia and the Urals must not only have time to ripen in a short summer, but also be resistant to sudden weather changes and short-term frosts. Better than others with such extreme conditions handle:
- Parisian;
- Dereza goat;
- Movir 74;
- Express MS;
- Snowball;
- Santamaria.
For the Chernozem region
Thanks to the warm and long summer, the inhabitants of the Chernozem region can grow varieties of cauliflower with any ripening period. The main thing is that they easily endure elevated temperatures and lack of moisture. These requirements are met by:
- Fremont;
- Santamaria;
- Fortaleza;
- Green snowdrift;
- Goodman;
- Vinson.
bright and useful decoration vegetable garden is Romanesco cabbage. It is suitable for lovers of exotic vegetables. The combination of different varieties allows you to enjoy the taste of cabbage during the summer season and enjoy the colorful mass of vegetables.
Cauliflower, depending on the variety, gives a stable harvest in various climatic conditions. The conditions for growing cauliflower varieties for the middle lane differ from the southern regions.
- Use of hybrids of local selection. In the region, hybrids grown specifically for given conditions take root better.
- Boarding dates. If varieties and hybrids of foreign selection are used, they are adapted to local conditions.
- Resistant to weather and disease. The best growth rates are given by varieties that are immune to a wide range of diseases.
- Use of varietal seeds. If you intend to use cauliflower seeds for next year, then varietal species should be preferred.
- planting various kinds. For getting guaranteed result 4 to 7 species are bred on the site.
The best varieties of cauliflower for open ground in the middle lane are ultra-early or early species. They allow you to get the first harvest in the middle of summer.
Early ripe varieties
Early maturing species and varieties are the most widespread in the plots. Thanks to short terms ripening, they allow you to harvest before the onset of cold weather. Characteristic early species allows you to grow them not only in closed greenhouses, but also on open ridges.
Alpha
Alpha is early ripe variety with good yield. Maturity of heads of cabbage occurs after 2 months from the moment of planting in the ground. The heads are rounded, white in color with pronounced large tubercles.
Alpha has excellent taste properties. Its advantages include long-term fruiting. The last harvest is taken with the onset of autumn frosts.
Vinson
Vinson cabbage is an early ripe hybrid with high commercial performance. The variety forms a vertical upright rosette. Heads of cabbage are medium in size, rounded in shape and small bumps.
A distinctive feature is a delicate texture and a mild pleasant taste. The average weight is slightly less than 2 kilograms. The largest specimens reach 3 kilograms. High palatability makes Vinson a competitive variety. It is used for salads, various dishes, freezing and preservation.
summer resident
Summer resident is an early ripe variety with a long fruiting period. The first harvest is taken already 3.5 months after seed germination. Heads are different round shape and average weight. It reaches 1 kilogram.
The heads grow white, fine-grained, dense. Cream shades are allowed. Among gardeners, the variety has become widespread for its excellent taste. Cauliflower Dachnitsa is used fresh, for freezing and preservation. Differs in long keeping quality. When signs of leaf deformation appear, it requires the application of fertilizers containing nitrogen and potassium.
Guarantee
Cauliflower Guarantee is an ultra-early variety for unprotected areas. Got good feedback due to the formation of large heads covered with protective sheet plates. Heads of cabbage have the correct spherical shape with white fine grain.
Description of breeders characterize the Guarantee as a variety with a pronounced taste. Harmonious ripening of the crop makes automated harvesting possible. The advantages of the variety include resistance to bacteriosis. The grade perfectly transfers storage and transportation.
goat dereza
Dereza goat is an early ripe variety of Russian selection. The leaves of the plant are green in color with a grayish wax coating.
The heads of the cauliflower Koza dereza are formed in small sizes, spherical shape. Weight does not exceed 1 kilogram. Leaf coverage is not expressed. Differs in a wide scope in cookery.
Movir 74
Hybrid Movir 74 is an early ripe variety of compact size. The socket rarely grows more than 95 centimeters. The head has a rounded, slightly flattened shape. The largest specimens reach 25 centimeters. The mass of a mature head of cabbage ranges from 400 to 1400 grams.
Distinctive feature Movira is white in color and has a bumpy surface. In some cases, the color of the cabbage has a yellow tint. The hybrid has the highest yields. WITH square meter lift up to 4 kilograms.
Movir gained popularity among gardeners for its excellent taste and versatility of use. It is used both fresh and canned. The variety is unpretentious in care, responds well to watering and top dressing. Subject to the rules of agricultural technology, it allows you to harvest up to 2 crops per season.
Snowball 123
Cauliflower Snowball belongs to the ultra-early species. The first crop ripens approximately 3 months after the appearance of the first sprouts. It is recommended to use it fresh and frozen.
Snowball 123 forms rounded dense heads. Their average weight varies from 0.4 to 1 kilogram. Head color - pure, white. The surface of the cabbage is covered with covering leaves.
Express f1
Express is an ultra-early species with small heads. Large specimens do not exceed 500 grams in weight. The color of the heads is white, sometimes cream or hazelnut shade. The first harvest is taken already 60 days after planting in the ground.
Express f1 is suitable for greenhouses and film shelters. In the southern regions, it also took root on open ridges. It has average yields. Up to 1.5 kilograms of cabbage harvest Express f1 is harvested from one square meter.
The advantages of the variety are resistance to bacteriosis and the best taste among analogues. Among the shortcomings, experts note the need to treat plants from pests during the season.
Mid-season and late-ripening varieties
The names of cauliflower of the middle and late ripening period are also distinguished by diversity. Among them there are unusual species. Romanesco cabbage struck gardeners with an unusual shape of inflorescences and a bright light green tint. Purple balls have also found a place in many areas due to their unpretentiousness and unusual appearance.
Cortes
Cortez is late ripening large-fruited variety with a weight of heads of cabbage from 2 to 3 kilograms. The period of technical maturity of the crop occurs no earlier than 75 days after planting in the ground.
The main advantages of Cortes cauliflower are high yield and self-covering heads. Cortes is demanding on soil fertility and regular top dressing. It tolerates low temperatures well, can withstand short frosts.
Romanesco
Romanesco cabbage is an exotic variety of cabbage. Its distinctive feature is the rich green color of the inflorescences in the form of a fractal spiral. It resembles coral, so its other name is coral. Another feature is the number of turns in the inflorescence, equal to the Fibonacci number.
Romanesco cabbage has a spicy delicate taste. Contains a large amount of vitamins C, B, A, K, carotene. Regular consumption of Romanesco cauliflower helps to thin the blood, strengthen blood vessels, remove cholesterol from the blood.
purple ball
Purple ball is the original mid-season variety. Suitable for those who like purple cauliflower. It has a high demand for moisture and soil quality. Does not produce a crop with high acidity.
A lilac ball forms a rounded purple head. The mass of one head reaches 1-1.5 kilograms. A distinctive feature is a rich purple color. The advantage of the variety is the high content of protein, vitamins and minerals in the pulp.
Parisian
Parisienne is a novelty with a medium ripening period. The first crop of Parisian cauliflower reaches technical maturity 75-80 days after being transferred to a permanent place. The advantage of the hybrid is a high keeping quality. Withstands storage for 2 months.
Parisian is used for fresh consumption, for conservation and freezing. Of the shortcomings, the exactingness to moisture and the quality of the soil is noted. Does not tolerate high acidity.
Freedom
Cabbage Freedom is a representative of the middle ripening period. The first crop reaches technical maturity 80 days after planting in a permanent place. The variety forms large rounded heads. The mass of fruits reaches 2 kilograms. The texture is medium bumpy, tender. The color of the heads is white. The surface is protected by sheet plates. The hybrid received good reviews for its resistance to adverse climatic conditions.
A variety of types of cauliflower allows you to grow on personal plot abundant harvest throughout the summer season. Special attention of gardeners deserves an elite variety of Romanesco cabbage or Lilac ball. Even a couple of bushes will decorate the garden.
