Good day, dear visitor!
I get a lot of emails asking this kind of question.- "Can I use kitchen waste to mulch my plots in the country?" The answer is unambiguous - IT IS POSSIBLE, only I have doubts whether it is worth doing it and whether there is any practical sense in it.
You yourself understand we act not just to do something, but to do it in such a way that we don’t overdo it too much, and so that the benefit comes from some kind of inclinations and urgent matters.
No, of course, you can do, do, and do ... something, and then redo it all or discover that our actions have gone to dust and there is absolutely no sense from the time and effort we spent on these actions.
I want to make a point right now that I didn’t use any kitchen waste as mulch in the plots in the country and I won’t use it, because I don’t see any point in it. If only because in order to mulch one plot in a thick layer, these same wastes need to be prepared - a wagon and a small cart (this is figurative).
Besides, all this waste(peeling potatoes, carrots, cabbage, beets, onions, etc.) laid in the plot as mulch in the spring will be ruffy, i.e. the layer itself will not be dense, and therefore the wind will “walk” inside this layer and blow moisture from mulch and soil.
And then what's the point in this mulch, if it does not cover the soil surface well, not fulfilling its main function - to retain moisture in the mulch and soil, which is necessary for the vital activity of microorganisms and plant roots?
But there's one thing which will help to use this kitchen waste effectively. Are you sure you already guessed?
That's right - this waste needs to be covered with another type of organic residue.(hay, straw, seed husks, sawdust, crushed bark, foliage, etc.), so that kitchen waste becomes inaccessible to the sun's rays and lies on the surface of the soil under hay, straw, etc., and is always wet.
And if they are wet then useful soil microorganisms will begin to process these FULL kitchen wastes, feed on them themselves, and what they cannot “eat” is the surplus from this processing (water, carbon dioxide, micro and macroelements) - will go to the roots of plants. You know that any organic residues break down into those chemical elements, which the plant used last year for itself in order to increase the vegetative mass - roots, leaves and stems.
You know, when the plant dies in late autumn and winter, then falls to the surface of the soil, and in the spring for its processing (with favorable conditions x) accepted different kinds soil microorganisms. This cycle of processing organic residues on our planet has been going on for millions, if not billions of years.
'Cause you won't deny that in the forest trees, shrubs and grass grow at the expense of forest litter? And in the meadow, the grass grows every season, due to the hay from last year's herbage! So every summer resident needs to store mulch for the soil of the dacha every season.
In fact, it doesn’t matter what we grow in the country- tomato, cucumber, apple tree, currant, carrot, grape, etc. - but there MUST be mulch on the surface of the soil under them. Then there will be no need to “feed” the plants, although we cannot “feed” the plants, because we have no idea what they need (in the sense of what kind of food) for different stages development - when opening eyes (or pecking seeds), during flowering or fruiting ...
I understand that they write everywhere if carrots grew in one plot last year, then the root crops “pulled out” from the soil those nutrients that it needs for growth and development, and next year carrots cannot be sown in the same plot. We are “rubbed” into our bright minds that we need to observe crop rotation for crop rotation in order for food to be restored, because another culture will consume a different food, etc.
But is it really so?
I think that this is another "dacha eyewash", because I have been planting garlic, carrots, tomatoes, peppers, etc. in the same plots for many years, and have not noticed any damage in the development of these annual crops. But what about perennials? fruit bushes and trees? After all, they are considered monocultures, as they grow in one place for many years.
And the point here is that the mulch lying on the soil surface under these perennial crops REPLIES the minimum soil nutrition that is necessary for their annual growth and development. In addition, you and I know that the lion's share of nutrition (93-94%) plants, and any, take from the air - these are gases: oxygen 21%, nitrogen 78% and carbon dioxide 0.03%. And soil nutrition accounts for only 6-7% ...
From this we can draw a simple conclusion- in principle, there can be no damage to plants in the absence of any nutrition during the annual cultivation of the same crops in the same place. The soil minerals themselves are more than enough, since Earth's crust and is made up of these minerals. Yes, another part of the mineral nutrition returns to the soil from decay organic mulch- Did you get the idea? BUT…
But it (this soil mineral nutrition) may not be available to plants. and the point here is that with dug, bare and dry soil, which is “fried” under the direct rays of the sun, soil natural mineral nutrition is not available to plant roots due to the same dryness of the soil, and not due to soil depletion.
You understand very well that for chemical reactions to occur in the soil, water (moisture) must be present, and if it is not there, then those chemical elements that are in the soil will be inaccessible to our plants. Only after self-irrigation or rain in the soil is the level of moisture restored, at which the process of dissolution of soil minerals and their absorption by plant roots takes place.
But short-term watering (from weekend to weekend) this is not a way out and not the creation of conditions for CONSTANT moisture in the soil, in which the conditions for life are created for the soil inhabitants, and constantly flow chemical processes on the formation of the necessary nutrition for any plants.
Only the presence of a decent layer of organic residues on the surface of the soil, used as mulch, it can create a constant moisture content, which is enough for the vital activity of soil inhabitants and for the development of plants.
See what happens- put the summer resident mulch on the soil and there is no need for frequent watering and “feeding”, and for ALL plants at once - cucumber, tomato, cabbage, apple tree, currant, gooseberry, dill, carrot, parsley, lettuce, etc.
Therefore, harvesting kitchen waste and using it as mulch in the country house under plants is a necessary thing, but all the same, this organic waste will be inexpressibly small in order for the mulch layer to be satisfactory and to benefit both the soil, its inhabitants and plants.
No, well, for the sake of sporting interest or self-gratification possible in winter period collect kitchen waste, but again, their volume and quantity will be small. Therefore, along with the preparation of kitchen waste, you need to take care in advance of the accumulation of other types of mulch - hay, straw, husks, foliage, etc.
It is, of course, possible to decompose only kitchen waste on the soil under the plants and say Did I use mulch? But these will be only words, and there will be no sense at all, which means that all winter work will go to the cat ... you know where. And what then is the point of “shaking the air” and suffering from harvesting vegetable peelings?
For me, it's better to rub the straw in the fields after harvesting the grain x or, in extreme cases, to buy, than to indulge my self-esteem - that I am doing a useful thing and not a single cleaning is lost from me ?! It is clear that you can be self-satisfied, but what is the use of this?
It's all the same with "home-made" required volume cleanings do not collect for a good thick layer, but you can do this at the expense of canteens, cafes or restaurants, where there is mass cooking, and there is more than enough waste there. But who will carry potato peelings bags or "shuttle" bags from the restaurant (even at night, so that the neighbors do not see)? None!
Yes, besides, these cleanings need to be dried somewhere at home, and this is another hemorrhoids for one place ... In general, continuous problems and troubles. In no case do I dissuade anyone from this procedure, but you need to understand the situation and keep in mind that the supply of hay, straw, foliage, etc. should be in the country in any way.
Now what to do with cleanings and how to prepare them at home, if there is a burning desire?
Everyone does it differently but my opinion is dry. See what happens. If you freeze potato, beetroot, carrot and other peels, then the whole freezer will clog during the winter and for right products there won't be enough space in freezer refrigerator. So? So. And if you buy a special freezer for this business, then how much will this “blank” cost in terms of money? That's it.
And if you don't bother with freezing cleanups, it turns out cheaper, cheaper - I peeled potatoes, carrots, beets, onions or something else, laid out all this household on a rag near the battery central heating and in a day the “dried fruits” are ready!
Poured them into a bag on the balcony or in the garage and let them dry until spring and stored. In the spring he came to the country house, poured out some of the kitchen waste IMMEDIATELY onto the soil, and covered (mulched) with hay, straw, foliage, sawdust, husks, etc. from above. Such a procedure will be useful and labor will not be wasted!
Then you can sow or plant your vegetables in this mulch through seedlings or sowing seeds. The same "organic sandwich" can be made under perennial crops - fruit bushes and trees, and, of course, under flowers. And the plants during the season will thank the summer resident for such a smart and competent use organic residues, its development - ruby green leaves, an abundance of flowers and a delicious harvest!
Well, how do you like the prospect correct application kitchen waste?
Now I will express my personal opinion about home EM composters. It may not be true in terms of their use, but I think that this is a useless job, both in terms of using kitchen waste and using ready-made compost in the country.
The point here is this. Firstly, it is expensive in terms of money - how much does the composter itself and the EM preparation cost ..., secondly, the useless extermination of household kitchen waste ..., thirdly, compost in the country will not bring the benefits for the soil and plants that the manufacturers promise ...
Now in order...
I'll start with the second because with the first paragraph, and so everything is clear. Why is home composting kitchen waste going down the drain, or at least inefficient?!
Judge for yourself beneficial microorganisms that are in EM preparations, and which you need to spray kitchen waste in a compost bin, after a while will begin to “digest” them. So? Undoubtedly! At the same time, microorganisms will consume some part of the food themselves, and the remains will remain in the compost, but this is not the most important and wasteful.
The main thing is that organic residues break down into the main and main constituent chemical elements, from which tubers and root crops were grown last season - water and carbon dioxide. You will not deny the fact that in order for potatoes to grow, tops are needed, and for tops to grow, water and carbon dioxide are mainly needed.
See what happens. When the eyes on the tuber germinate (from the food reserves of the tuber itself) and crawl out into the light of God, they need additional nutrition in the form of chemical elements - water and carbon dioxide. As a result of a chemical reaction in the soil between these elements, carbonic acid is formed, which, in turn, is pumped by the roots into the stems and leaves of the potato.
This acid getting into the cells of the leaves, under the influence of solar energy, it turns into glucose molecules, through the flow of photosynthesis in the leaves. Then, during the breakdown of glucose molecules, the same chemical elements are formed from which glucose was created - water and carbon dioxide, and the solar energy, which participated in the process of creating the glucose molecule, is released and participates in the division and reproduction of plant cells, and the plant develops - grows, blossoms and bears fruit.
The process of creation (synthesis) and decay (analysis) of glucose molecules is CONSTANTLY! Therefore, plants intensively increase their green mass during the season, unless, of course, they grow in favorable conditions - mulched soil. Here's how amazing everything turns out - plants are one of the few living organisms on planet Earth (there are a number of microorganisms) that can create "flesh" from a set of chemical elements and solar energy.
In our case, the energy of the sun is involved in the growth of potato tops. and tuber growth and accumulation of starch in the tuber. And starch is the same glucose only in complex form- polysaccharide. When we eat potatoes, the starch in our body breaks down into simpler chemical elements, including glucose, and then it breaks down into water and carbon dioxide.
We breathe out carbon dioxide and water is excreted from the body in a natural way, and the released solar energy benefits our beloved body. In fact, we eat with you solar energy, which supports and prolongs the life of our body when eating vegetables and fruits.
Maybe I just talked about the main chemical elements, which plants use, but it makes no sense for us to go into details, since all these processes are very difficult to understand and study, at least for me ...
But not only water and carbon dioxide are needed by plants, this is natural. Oxygen is also needed for the process of "breathing" (oxidation), and nitrogen, which is part of all nucleic acid proteins, amino acids, chlorophyll, enzymes and many vitamins. Microelements are also vital - iron, silver, molybdenum, copper, boron, zinc, etc. If you have a desire, then for a deeper study of plant processes, you can refer to the information in the "network".
And we return to our "composter" again ...
Just water and carbon dioxide during the decay of organic household residues, they are lost irretrievably in the “composter” itself, and do not participate in chemical reactions in the soil in the country and do not get to our plants. Then a legitimate question arises - is it worth it to do composting at home, if there is no use for country plants from this procedure?
Think for yourself...
Now we are smoothly moving on to the activity of compost, created by microorganisms in the compost bin, which the summer resident scatters on the soil in spring ...
Well, look... compost was created in the compost bin, the summer resident brought it to the dacha, scattered it on the soil, and what? And there is nothing useful from this compost and cannot be, because under the direct rays of the sun this compost dries up and turns into a dead substrate.
It turns out that there is he in the soil of the cottage or not, there is no difference. No, of course, it is filled with a number of chemical elements that plants in the country can use and it is full of beneficial microorganisms, but in dry form (roasted in the sun) it is just dead compost and there is no benefit from it.
To benefit from compost, it must be hidden from direct sunlight so that it is always moist and those microorganisms that are present in it come to life. By what means can this be achieved? You can use dark opaque material or organic mulch.
If you use opaque material, then the usefulness of the compost will increase, but not to the full extent, and here's why ... When covering the compost with material, the likelihood increases that the compost will be wet and the roots of the plants will get the chemical elements that are contained in the compost, but microorganisms will not develop in the compost one by one the reason is that there is no food for them in the compost.
Those organic residues that were used in home composting, eaten and microorganisms sit on a starvation diet. What do they need to be fed so that they come to life and begin to grow our own plants for us? The same organic residues - hay, straw, husks, dried vegetable peels, foliage, sawdust, crushed bark or wood, etc.
Then another glamorous question arises- why then bother with home composting, if the compost will still need to be mulched in the country?
And if you just put a thick layer of mulch on the soil of the cottage(without any homemade compost), then it will spontaneously come to life!
Because this same mulch will reliably cover the soil from drying out(from direct sunlight), which means that constant moisture will be maintained in it, and it (mulch) will be food for all soil inhabitants who need this food!
Thus, composting of organic residues will take place directly in summer cottages where our plants grow and ALL the decay products of these organic residues - water, carbon dioxide, micro and macro elements - will participate in soil chemical reactions and will go to our plants!
And then why should we create problems for ourselves from scratch, I mean buying composters and EM preparations for recycling kitchen waste?
After all, you can do everything simply, competently and, in addition, with great benefits for the soil of the cottage, its inhabitants and plants - just dry the kitchen waste in the winter and mulch the soil in your plots with them from spring to autumn ?!
Well, where is it even easier?
Therefore, the conclusion on the preparation and use of kitchen food vegetable waste can be made as follows- can and should be harvested and used, if there is a desire!
However, one should not forget, that there will be few of them for a full-fledged mulching layer, and therefore you need to have an additional portion of hay, straw, husks, foliage, sawdust, etc. in stock to cover this home-made food waste from direct sunlight.
Here is my point of view I outlined to you about the use of household food waste.
But once again, I myself do not deal with household food waste and so far I don’t even think about bothering with this topic. I simply extract organic residues (hay, straw, leaves, sawdust, husks, crushed bark, etc.) and put them on the soil in boxes of plots, and then I sow and plant any vegetable crops. Under perennial crops lie the same organic remains as in the plots.
It's easier for me… Rather than fumbling with kitchen waste all winter, my son and I always collect straw in bags in the fields on fishing trips, of course, if they haven’t burned it. Yes, and when we visit relatives in the village, it is not difficult for us to fill a dozen bags of hay or straw.
Shortly speaking, everyone comes from their own desires and possibilities ...
What do you think about the collection and use of household food waste?
Best wishes,
Sergey Dyakov.
About what food household waste can do a good job in the garden, many now say. That is why they are not too lazy to make useful supplies in the winter.
BAG - BATTERY - BAG
For a long time I adhere to the separate collection of household waste. And a few years ago, food waste (except for meat and fish) generally began to be collected in separate buckets and all accumulated was taken to the site. Somehow I accidentally read in the newspaper that one summer resident had bread and eggshell first passes through a meat grinder, dries on a battery, and only then sends it to the site. And I improved the technology.
I sew two bags of printed cotton: bag No. 1 - for collecting daily food waste, bag No. 2 (larger) - for weekly storage. For the Soviet meat grinder, I took a large grate and a knife (photo 1).
In the kitchen, next to the trash can, I put a plastic bucket with a volume of 3-5 liters. All food waste without signs of decay, before being thrown into a bucket, I chop with kitchen scissors. In the evening I pour the contents of the bucket into bag No. 1 and put it on the battery for a day.
At the end next day I pour the contents of bag No. 1 into bag No. 2 and also leave it near the battery. And I fill bag No. 1 with fresh waste.
At the end of the week, I pass the contents of bag No. 2 through a meat grinder, after which I put this mass into plastic bottles (photo 2).
In our family of two, by the end of the week, 350-450 g of dry product is obtained, and in 6 months - from 4 to 6 five-liter PET bottles weighing 3-3.5 kg each. The resulting mass can be successfully used for adding to the wells, mulching, composting. This is a wonderful "dessert" for the soil. And what's good - in dried crushed form, it takes up little space!
TIP: you can simplify the technology by excluding a meat grinder from it. After the food waste in bag No. 2 has dried, put it on the floor and trample it thoroughly with your feet. And instead plastic bottles You can use bags for construction debris.
FERTILIZER FROM THE KITCHEN
I have four jars in my kitchen. In one whole winter I collect eggshells, in the other - dry onion peel from healthy bulbs, in the third - sleeping tea, in the fourth - dried orange and tangerine peels. I will take all these stocks in the spring to the dacha, where they will be very useful. By the way, the collection of some of them has its own secrets.
Eggshell
To avoid bad smell, I try to rinse the eggs with water before cooking. Then I dry the shell and, ramming it, put it in a jar. For use in the garden, I then grind it: I break it with a pusher or grind it in a coffee grinder. Where to apply?
The shell (1-2 st. per 1 sq.m) deoxidizes the soil and improves its structure. By the way, they say that when cooking, part of the calcium is washed out of the shell, so the shell is more useful for deoxidizing the soil. raw eggs, but I collect any.
Every year in the spring I bring crushed shells into the near-trunk circles of roses. on beds for peppers, eggplant, beets, watermelons and melons.
With the water left over from boiling eggs, I water seedlings and house flowers. Or like this: washed, crushed shells from 3-4 raw eggs, pour 1 liter of boiling water, insist 5 days, stirring daily. With this infusion 2-3 times I feed the seedlings of peppers, eggplants, asters.
tea leaves
Before. how to put it in a jar, I dry the sleeping tea leaves well, otherwise it will become moldy. By the way, you can collect any tea: black, green, small, large, loose, even tea bags.
Where to apply "kitchen" fertilizer?
I pour it into the holes when planting seedlings. This is especially liked by tomatoes, cucumbers, physalis. The soil is more breathable and moisture-intensive.
It is good to add tea leaves to the soil mixed with ash when digging beds for gladioli - plants grow more powerful, bloom earlier.
And you can feed seedlings with sleeping tea: 1 tbsp. pour dry raw materials into three-liter jar, pour hot water, insist 4-5 days, stirring occasionally, strain.
FERTILIZER FROM BANANA OWN HANDS
I lay out the skins of bananas on the battery, and then put them in paper bags. Then I put three skins in a jar (3 l), fill it up to the neck with water and leave for 2 days. I'm filtering. I water seedlings or houseplants with ready-made infusion.
I add the crushed peel in the spring to the holes when planting seedlings.
Bananas before removing their skins, be sure to wash them well under hot water, because it is possible that they were treated with special substances during growth.
ONE HUNDRED QUESTIONS ABOUT WASTE
Tatyana MIRONCHUK, a social entrepreneur, talks about ways to properly and environmentally manage waste, while our system of separate waste collection is imperfect.
Compost is not so easy
The most environmentally friendly option for processing food waste is composting: when fungi and bacteria, under the influence of oxygen, turn organic matter into fertile soil.
But there is also a special compost, in the creation of which Active participation accept worms. What is its uniqueness? Passing through the intestinal tract of worms, organic matter is enriched with valuable substances. They significantly increase soil fertility, improve its structure, reduce acidity, inhibit pathogens, stimulate the growth of plant roots, their immunity. Our vegetables, flowers and bushes are becoming more resistant to radionuclides and salts of heavy metals.
The more worms in the ground, the more such soil. So, we need to help them be fruitful and multiply. This can be done using a vermicomposter both in the country and at home in a city apartment.
It consists of 2 boxes stacked on top of each other. In the upper one, with a perforated bottom, worms live in the soil layer, and the lower one serves as a limiter so that they do not crawl away through the side and bottom ventilation holes.
Such a “unit” is sold (about 10 thousand rubles, without soil and worms) or is made by hand from two containers in which holes are drilled for ventilation and removal of excess moisture.
California worms or prospectors are easy to buy from breeders. The set costs from 300 rubles.
After the "worm" is equipped and populated by small tenants, you have to take care of them - to support desired temperature, monitor the moisture and acidity of the soil, slightly loosen the soil for ventilation, feed, but do not overfeed.
Diet normal and extreme
What can you feed the worms, what garbage will they eat and recycle?
Allowed products: peeling vegetables and fruits, sleeping tea leaves, coffee grounds, eggshells, paper.
Do not give: meat, dairy products, eggs, fish, citrus fruits, various oils, fats, onion, garlic.
I conducted an experiment: I put a turtleneck, which consists of cotton and synthetics, the worms ate the cotton part, and the synthetic mesh remained.
In order for the worms to pass through the food faster, it is crushed. Otherwise, they will wait until the food begins to rot and soften, and this bad smell, and midges.
There are also limits on the amount of organic matter that worms can process. On average, 2000 worms will eat about 2 kg of food per week. If you put more, the soil will turn sour and the eaters will “run” from the soil to different sides- will accumulate in the corners in balls, crawl into the pan.
You can choose ready-made compost regularly: a little bit, carefully, so as not to disturb the worms. Or one-time, forcing them to "lay low." For this, they are not fed for a week, after which they are calmly removed. upper layer compost.
With this type of processing, there is no unpleasant odor, but it is troublesome and requires attention and time. True, there are other options for environmentally friendly recycling.
Bucket with a secret
The EM technology (effective microorganisms), known to all summer residents, is not bad. It was developed by the Japanese professor, doctor of agricultural sciences Teruo Higa.
It is based on accelerated fermentation of organics with the help of a preparation containing microorganisms. It is in the selection of the composition of these microbes that the merit of Terua Higa lies. Anaerobic (not requiring oxygen) and aerobic, heat- and cold-loving species coexist in its preparation.
There are liquid preparations and Bokashi powder on sale. All together it will cost about 2000 rubles. They can be poured out into a regular compost bin, or into a special EM bucket, which is also convenient for country house, and for a city apartment. This is a 15-liter container with a tap at the bottom to drain the liquid that is formed during the fermentation of organic matter.
Waste is put into a bucket, poured or sprayed with EM preparations. The content gradually sags, and you can put new garbage. The liquid from the EM bucket is used to feed plants, including indoor ones, by diluting it with water. It is also very good for cleaning pipes in country houses.
This is the undeniable value of the method, but there are also disadvantages. It takes a month to completely process organics. Therefore, semi-decomposed, wet remains from the EM bucket should be buried once a week in the ground or laid out in a compost bin in the country.
Dry and grind - that's the way out
It is clear that neither a vermicomposter nor an EM bucket can cope with all our garbage. How to be? Most skins, peels, cores and husks can be dried. It's generally perfect way for lazy vegetarians: I put a mesh bag with cleanings on the battery and after a few hours I got dry organics.
Dry potato peels are good as a fertilizer for berry bushes: they are added dropwise under a bush. And one more thing: in some magical way, when burned in the stove, they clean the pipes well from soot.
If it suddenly happens that I have waste that cannot be dried, and the worms are already full, I look to see if the organic matter can be chopped with a knife and sent to the toilet. Through the sewer, it enters the sedimentation tanks, and then as fertilizer to the fields.
6 PERSONAL RULES
If all this is unacceptable, you can take another elementary ecological path. Just cut down on food waste!
Follow the rules that will improve the budget and reduce the pressure of garbage on the environment.
Make a shopping list when you go to the store so you don't buy too much and then throw it away.
Pay attention to what's in your trash can.
This way you will determine what and how much you throw away most often, and also get an impulse to change your habits.
Store food in airtight containers to prevent spoilage, and freeze some vegetables if you don't eat them right away.
Distribute food wisely in the refrigerator. Move closer the ones that are nearing their expiration date. When purchasing new ones, place them away. An organized refrigerator will help you not only throw away less food, but also plan your next purchases.
Keep an eye on the portion size, because too large will fill the trash can faster, empty your wallet, and ruin your figure.
Buy vegetables and fruits non-standard shape. They remain on store shelves, and their fate is sad. But they are normal, tasty and healthy. But from the store they go to waste.
Highly important question asked Margarita: “What food waste can be used to fertilize the garden? Is this fertilizer safe for all crops?
We answer
Benefit or harm?
In fact, the use of food waste as fertilizer for the site is not only beneficial, but also very profitable. First, using natural products will keep your plants healthy without resorting to chemical substitutes. And, secondly, there is food waste in every home, and you do not have to spend money on expensive mixtures, top dressings and fertilizers. Such fertilizers are well suited for trees, flowers, and shrubs. Almost all food waste contains substances useful for plants that have a beneficial effect on their root system, promote rapid growth and high yield.
What kind of waste can be used?
Consider some examples of the use of food waste:
As a result, using food waste as fertilizer will not only help your plants, but also save you a lot of money.
How to use waste (video)
Reviews and comments
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Galina 04/09/2015
I have been using eggshells for fertilizer for several years now. Not only boiled eggs but also raw. Eggplants grow well on fertilized shell land and bell pepper. Can also be used on some houseplants
The well-known phrase "it will come in handy in the country" has become almost the main slogan for any summer resident. And, indeed, those things that interfere with your apartment expect only two outcomes: either they will be thrown into the trash, or they will come in handy in the country or garage. Let's talk about what not to throw in the trash.
What kind of garbage and things can really be useful, and not just litter the shed on suburban area? Let's start with the most banal, but very useful things for giving.
citrus peel
Don't throw away the peels of oranges, grapefruits, lemons, and other citrus fruits. It can be used to control aphids.
To do this, spray the bushes with infusion. To prepare it, we grind fresh crusts in a meat grinder. Take one kilogram of crusts, place in a glass bottle and pour 10 liters of warm water. Close the cork tightly and place in dark place for five days. Shake the mixture and strain through cheesecloth. We spray the bushes with the addition of tar soap.
wood ash
AT wood ash contains a considerable amount of useful trace elements. These elements are necessary for plants for proper growth and development. Ash also helps in the fight against pests and diseases of many crops.
Experienced summer residents know that with the help of ash, you can fertilize the soil, use it when planting seedlings, process seed material before planting, etc.
Old clothes and shoes
There are many ways to give a second life to unwanted or damaged clothes.
Our grandfathers knew the simplest and most direct application - dress your garden scarecrow in it. Add a couple cans and tie them at such a distance that they rattle against each other when the wind blows.
From old shoes fashionable now "pots" for flowers can turn out. Arranging such flowerpots in the flower garden, you can create new interesting compositions.
Sew an organizer with lots of pockets from old denim. It is convenient to store various trifles in it.
Carton boxes
Boxes devoid of adhesive tape and various colored inscriptions are a real treasure for a summer resident. They can line the bottom high beds or mulch the soil around shrubs. You can also put weeds in them so that they do not germinate into the soil.
Toilet paper rolls
Cardboard sleeves will help create biodegradable pots for seedlings (why not a replacement for peat?).
Coffee grounds
Do you know perhaps the most expensive fertilizer that can be used to dilute compost? This is coffee grounds. Just calculate its cost (from 1000 rubles per 1 kg). In connection with this circumstance, it can be called the most expensive fertilizer.
Coffee residues after brewing are added to the compost. Coffee enriches the soil with many elements, promotes plant growth and early seed germination.
egg packaging
Can be stored in egg cartons various little things or like balls Christmas decorations. Cardboard perfectly protects fragile things from impact, and convenient cells will not allow small objects to mix.
Summer residents use one-piece packaging to mark places for planting seeds or bulbs.
Eggshell
There are many benefits to chickens, not only in terms of eggs and meat, but also the leftovers from it all.
My egg shell idea is to add crushed eggshells in a coffee grinder or mixer to the soil. This reduces the acidity of the soil, saturates the plants with calcium and repels slugs.
Glass bottles
Many summer residents use bottles to create paths or borders. Some go even further, building a house out of them.
Plastic bottles
This is a separate issue. What only of them will not come up with! We will write a separate article about this.
watermelon rinds
Watermelon, as well as melon peels, you can wipe the leaves of a number of plants, for example, ficus, to add shine.
Watermelon rinds can also be added to compost.
Cans
A well-washed jar can be painted and decorated, and then used as a bird feeder in the garden, a coaster for kitchen appliances.
Wooden furniture
Use a chair or table as a stand in the flower garden. Later, the flowers will grow or beautifully braid the furniture, and your garden will be decorated with an original composition.
An old shell with small flowers planted in it, for example, forget-me-nots, looks interesting and outstanding.
Wooden crates are great for storing fruits and vegetables. It is better to transfer the fruits with paper to prevent moisture and rotting.
In decorating the site, the boxes can be used as stands for flower pots or other items. The container must first be painted in your favorite color.
tea bags
In tea bags, some manage to land vegetable seedlings. To do this, they cut off the top of the bag and pour one spoonful of soil inside - something like a peat tablet.
What should not be used on the site?
No need to use newspapers and colored packaging - all this is a dangerous chemistry that is harmful to humans.
Well, and finally, you should not put anything in the country - you are resting and working here!
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Benefit or harm?
After brewing tea, it is tea leaves that can be used as fertilizer, and especially for flowers, this is a great solution.
Part 20 - What you need to know about top dressing so as not to harm plants
What kind of waste can be used?
- from here
How to use waste (video)
DachaDecor.ru
Fertilizers from food waste
Using food waste as fertilizer will not only help your plants, but also save you a lot of money. Margarita asked a very important question: “What food waste can be used to fertilize the garden? Is such top dressing safe for all crops?
You can also use already used coffee brew, especially coffee grounds like top dressing will appeal to your magnolia and hydrangea.
Part 21 - Why do we need fertilizers?
So, before you buy fertilizers, think about whether there is a need to use them?
But is it worth it to immediately run to the store to buy fertilizers, if they are actually at your fingertips, you just don’t know about them.
In fact, the use of food waste as fertilizer for the site is not only beneficial, but also very beneficial. First, using natural products will keep your plants healthy without resorting to chemical substitutes. And, secondly, there is food waste in every home, and you do not have to spend money on expensive mixtures, top dressings and fertilizers. Such fertilizers are well suited for trees, flowers, and shrubs. Almost all food waste contains substances useful for plants that have a beneficial effect on their root system, promote rapid growth and high yields.
But the banana peel brings sugar to the soil, which has a very good effect on rose bushes, so if you need to feed rose bushes, please, everything is simple and fast.
Part 22 - Natural fertilizers from food waste
You may only need a small amount of some of the organics you are about to throw away, but before you use them, read about the ways and methods of using them.
After all, you drink tea, coffee, eat chicken eggs, peel onions, and you sometimes have oranges for dessert.
Part 16 - Food Waste Fertilizers Part 31 - Compost again...
But from diseases and pests on plants, a decoction often helps well orange peel, and especially from spider mite who often visits our plants in the flower beds.
Part 23 - Growing Compost
And that will be enough.
...Part 17 - Using ashes in the garden
Fertilizers from food waste
Onion and garlic peel. good remedy for soil disinfection, not a bad fertilizer, as they contain more valuable micro-elements than the bulb itself and cloves. But the main merit - an infusion of husks is effective tool in the fight against diseases and pests of plants: aphids, mites, false powdery mildew, late blight, etc. To prepare half a bucket of husk, pour 10 liters of boiling water, leave for 6-7 hours in a sealed container and water the soil (but not very often) and spray the plants as needed. Use the infusion only fresh and from the husks of healthy vegetables.
A decoction of onion peel.
You decided to do indoor flowers, bought a summer cottage, or simply decided with your neighbors to break a small flower bed with flowers and herbs in front of the entrance, for example.
Consider some examples of the use of food waste:
So even food waste can be very useful for feeding your plants in the flower bed and in the garden, and your plants will be healthy and beautiful.
Part 24 - Don't Forget Ash!save both time and money.
So coffee and tea.
Part 14 - Green manures - green fertilizers on our site
Part 18 - How to grow an organic crop
Eggshell. 92-95% consists of easily digestible calcium, contains magnesium, phosphates, organic substances. Deacidifies the soil well and improves its structure. In order for the eggshell to become fertilizer, first it must be soaked three times for 3 days in water, dried, and crushed into powder. You can bring it into the soil for seedlings, as well as when planting vegetables in the garden, especially strawberries and strawberries love it. You need to make it 1-2 times a month, and no more than 2 tbsp. spoons per 1 kg of soil. Banana peel. An excellent source of potassium and magnesium. First you need to dry it on a battery, then put it in a paper bag, if necessary, you can prepare a 3-day infusion from it or grind it on a coffee grinder and pour cups for seedlings into the lower layers of the earth (top dressing can get moldy on the surface) .
Such a tool is very well perceived by the plants themselves and as a fertilizer.
Everyone was prepared for planting and remembered about fertilizers, because you are waiting for unprecedented harvests and a flower riot!
For example, do you enjoy a cup of freshly brewed coffee at the start of a long day? Many will answer yes! So, the coffee grounds remaining after brewing can come in handy on your personal plot. It is very useful to use for feeding magnolia and hydrangea.
Most food waste excellent fertilizer, just do not mix them together, or use fermented or moldy products. It is also worth remembering that the excessive use of food waste as fertilizer can lead to acidification or salinization of the soil.
...
Fertilizers from food waste
Part 15 - Moss Sphagnum harvesting, application and properties
Diligent and experienced gardeners never throw away eggshells, onion peels and even banana peels: there will be something to fertilize and fight pests. Moreover, the more diverse the waste, the more complete fertilizer you can get from them. Others complain: where are we going to collect so many husks or bananas in order to process, say, 10 acres. And you take care of “hoarding” in the winter, because everything is at hand.
Tea brew and coffee grounds. Coffee grounds contain phosphorus and some nitrogen, and tea grounds are rich in potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, fluorine, and ash elements. If you spread them from above on the ground, even potted flowers, even garden plants, then so that small midge, put the Flyt pellets (bait for flies and midges) nearby. But it is best to use dried tea leaves when transplanting plants, pouring a small layer on the bottom of a pot or hole: both drainage and top dressing at the same time. And the infusion of sleeping coffee (2 teaspoons per 2 liters of water, leave for a day) neutralizes alkaline soil well.
The shell of boiled eggs boasts a high content of calcium and magnesium, which would be very useful for fertilizing the soil. It is necessary to crush the eggshell and add it to the ground in order to saturate the soil with many useful trace elements.
1) water in which the meat was washed or soaked (plants rage in growth, dark green);
Part 32 - How to prepare soil for growing seedlings
Instructions on seeds from experienced
Part 17 - Using ashes in the gardenPart 32 - How to prepare soil for growing seedlings
Onion and garlic peel. A good tool for disinfecting the soil, not a bad fertilizer, as they contain more valuable micro-elements than the bulb itself and cloves. But the main merit is that an infusion of husks is an effective tool in the fight against diseases and pests of plants: aphids, mites, downy mildew, late blight, etc. To prepare half a bucket of husks, pour 10 liters of boiling ka, insist 6-7 hours in a sealed container and water the soil (but not very often) and spray the plants as needed. Use the infusion only fresh and from the husks of healthy vegetables.
Part 1 - Soils and fertilizers.
You may only need a small amount of some of the organics you are about to throw away, but before you use them, read about the ways and methods of using them.
So, everything that remains from many foods in the process of cooking or eating food can be successfully used as fertilizers, and these substances are absolutely natural without any harmful impurities of the chemical industry.
Banana peel brings sugar into the soil, which has a beneficial effect on rose bushes. For disinfection of soils, a decoction of onion peel is perfect. The same tool is perfectly perceived by plants as a fertilizer.
2) I like to feed tomatoes with "fish" water - a lot of flowers and ovaries;
Part 33 - How much manure is in the bucket?
Galimax for you
Now the eggshell.
Part 18 - How to grow an organic crop
Part 33 - How much manure is in the bucket?
Natural fertilizers from food waste
Eggshell. 92-95% consists of easily digestible calcium, contains magnesium, phosphates, organic substances. Deacidifies the soil well and improves its structure. In order for the eggshell to become fertilizer, first it must be soaked three times for 3 days in water, dried, and crushed into powder. You can bring it into the soil for seedlings, as well as when planting vegetables in the garden, especially strawberries and strawberries love it. You need to make it 1-2 times a month, and no more than 2 tbsp. spoons per 1 kg of soil. Banana peel. An excellent source of potassium and magnesium. First you need to dry it on a battery, then put it in a paper bag, if necessary, you can prepare a 3-day infusion from it or grind it on a coffee grinder and pour cups for seedlings into the lower layers of the earth (top dressing can get moldy on the surface) .
Part 2 - Warm garden-harvest a month earlier
And that will be enough.
So coffee and tea.
3) water in which mushrooms were soaked or boiled;
What food waste can be used to fertilize the garden?
from here
Naturally, the sale of flowers and plants does not foresee the sale of eggs as a by-product, but nevertheless, the eggshell is a huge amount of calcium in its most biologically pure form.
...
Diligent and experienced gardeners never throw away eggshells, onion peels and even banana peels: there will be something to fertilize and fight pests. Moreover, the more diverse the waste, the more complete fertilizer you can get from them. Others complain: where are we going to collect so many husks or bananas in order to process, say, 10 acres. And you take care of “hoarding” in the winter, because everything is at hand.
Tea brew and coffee grounds. Coffee grounds contain phosphorus and some nitrogen, and tea grounds are rich in potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, fluorine, and ash elements. If you lay them out on top of the ground, even potted flowers, even garden plants, then so that a small midge does not settle there, put Flyt pellets (bait for flies and midges) nearby. But it is best to use dried tea leaves when transplanting plants, pouring a small layer on the bottom of a pot or hole: both drainage and top dressing at the same time. And the infusion of sleeping coffee (2 teaspoons per 2 liters of water, leave for a day) neutralizes alkaline soil well.
...save both time and money.
We drink them and as a result we get coffee grounds and used tea leaves.
4) old tea leaves (diluted); or decoctions of herbs;
How to make fertilizer from food waste?
Series of messages "FERTILIZERS AND SOILS":
And although calcium is far from the most desired view fertilizers, but mixing crushed shells with other fertilizers will neutralize the acidic environment that usually develops from the use of chemical fertilizers.
Part 31 - Compost again...
But such home-grown dressings also have opponents: they say that sleeping tea and tea leaves acidify the soil, eggshell alkalizes it, and midges and pests only start up in such “garbage pits”. I just want to answer: “You don’t like fertilizers from food waste? You just don't know how to cook them!" It’s not enough after drinking tea to pour tea leaves under a bush or just throw it into trunk circle eggshell.
Series of messages "FERTILIZERS AND SOILS":
Part 14 - Green manures - green fertilizers on our site
Educational program on the topic "Why do we need fertilizers" is located here
In the end, using food waste as fertilizer will not only help your plants, it will also save you a lot of money.
5) milk residues, (they can also be treated for phytophthora if the milk is homemade);
What plants can be fertilized?
Part 1 - Soils and fertilizers.
To disinfect the soil and the plant itself can be used
Part 32 - How to prepare soil for growing seedlings
Onion and garlic peel. A good tool for disinfecting the soil, not a bad fertilizer, as they contain more valuable micro-elements than the bulb itself and cloves. But the main merit is that an infusion of husks is an effective tool in the fight against diseases and pests of plants: aphids, mites, downy mildew, late blight, etc. To prepare half a bucket of husks, pour 10 liters of boiling ka, insist 6-7 hours in a sealed container and water the soil (but not very often) and spray the plants as needed. Use the infusion only fresh and from the husks of healthy vegetables.
Part 1 - Soils and fertilizers.
Part 15 - Moss Sphagnum harvesting, application and properties
But what to do with pests of gardens and orchards you can look here
Tea leaves and coffee grounds lower the alkalinity of the earth and make it light and fluffy, which is an additional advantage of such fertilizers.
Diligent and experienced gardeners never throw away eggshells, onion peels and even banana peels: there will be something to fertilize and fight pests. Moreover, the more diverse the waste, the more complete fertilizer you can get from them. Others complain: where are we going to collect so many husks or bananas in order to process, say, 10 acres. And you take care of “hoarding” in the winter, because everything is at hand.
Food waste as fertilizer for the garden. What and how to use?
6) yeast. If I didn’t have time to use the yeast and they dried up, I dilute it with warm water, water it and spray it (this gives growth, abundant flowering and increases resistance to disease and frost)
In fact, using food waste as fertilizer is not only very useful, but also very profitable. Since there is food waste in any household, why not use it as fertilizer for flowers, trees, shrubs, and you don’t have to spend money on fertilizer.