Peony - perennial and can grow in one place without a transplant for up to 20 years. For landing, you must immediately choose a suitable place and create conditions for abundant flowering. Caring for peonies in the fall, fertilizing with fertilizers in spring and summer will give their result: lush greenery and bright, long flowering.
Top dressing for peonies in the spring is chosen complex, so that there are enough nutrients for greens and buds. Nitrogen fertilizers are responsible for a set of green mass. For flowering - potassium and phosphorus. A prerequisite nutrient application is watering.
It is carried out by alternating deep and superficial moistening. At deep Once a month, up to 4 buckets of water are poured under each bush. With a superficial one is enough, but you need to water twice a week in hot weather. The plant does not like stagnant water, as the supply of food is disturbed, the turgor of the shoots weakens and the peonies wilt.
How to choose fertilizer for peonies
The first thing you need to pay attention to is the type of soil on the site. If it is mixed with sand, then choose how to feed the peonies in the spring for lush flowering in the garden, will have to be organic.
It lingers longer in the soil and enriches the top layer with humus - the waste products of soil bacteria and earthworms. Fertilizers for peonies in the fall and top dressing after flowering will be useful. Nutrients on sandy and sandy soils are introduced in fractional parts, as they are washed out into the lower layers, where there is not enough root system plants.
On heavy clay soils peonies are fed less often. Once in spring, summer and autumn is enough. The entire amount of nutrients is introduced at once. On clay heavy soils, it is more important to water the plants on time, since the root system is in top layer and in hot weather suffers from overheating.
Video: Feeding peonies in the fall and pruning them
To do this, peonies are often mulched in the garden with decorative bark to reduce evaporation. To improve the aeration of clay soil, it is necessary to add more organic matter to it or sow green manure, which loosen the soil with their roots.
Fertilization methods
It is advisable to alternate organic and mineral mixtures. For example: in the spring, humus was used to feed the peony, which means that in the summer and autumn you can save money and buy mineral mixtures, or lay organic matter in the fall, and the peonies will be fed in the spring only with nitrogen mineral fertilizers. Substances of long-term decomposition will cost less:
- bone flour, which is applied under the peony in the fall and works in the ground for 3 years - only nitrogen and potash fertilizers will be needed;
- phosphate rock- also dissolves with phosphobacteria for 3-4 years, so you don’t have to think all this time how to fertilize peonies, it remains to add nitrogen in the spring and potassium before flowering.
organic matter, what to feed peonies after flowering:
- Manure or compost. The use of these fertilizers for peonies after flowering favorably affects the chemical and biological state of the soil. Organics serve as food for bacteria. Given that peonies bloom early, there is still time to tidy up the soil.
In the warm season, soil microorganisms function actively and quickly restore the fertile layer. After flowering, organic matter is dug up under peonies in autumn or August and watered. For greater effect, superphosphate is added to the water.
Liquid fertilizers, which feed peonies for abundant flowering, are applied in the spring to facilitate absorption and accelerate the formation of buds. Feeding peonies for the winter can also be dry, the main thing is that it gets to the roots, where microorganisms will dissolve it.
- siderates- This is a novelty for gardeners. At one time it was well forgotten. Now, when manure prices have skyrocketed, and it is not profitable to keep animals, we have to remember how in post-war years green manure saved the fields from depletion.
Labor costs are minimal, and in terms of the amount of nutrients they are not inferior to animal organics. You can choose any kind, or even several, sow in a flower bed and cut before winter. Under a layer of mulch and snow, plant residues will rot and get to the roots.
Top dressing of peonies after flowering in July with minerals is carried out after watering. The granules are dissolved and watered under the root. How to feed peonies in July-August:
- potassium sulfate (potassium sulfate) - 40 g per square meter or one adult plant;
- superphosphate - 50 g per square;
- special "autumn" mixtures for ornamental plants with minimal nitrogen.
Fertilizers should be selected based on nutrient needs. If the flowering was short and there were few buds, it means that there was not enough potassium in the spring. Therefore, top dressing of peonies in the fall should be carried out with potassium sulfate and phosphates.
Preparing peonies for winter
In autumn, peonies and other ornamental plants are propagated. Most often this is done by dividing the rhizome.
The procedure must be completed by mid-September. Better - earlier, because the root must take root in a new place before the onset of frost. Three or four year old plants are suitable for division.
How to feed peonies when transplanting:
- humus, which is added to the hole;
- potassium sulfate or potassium salt mixed with soil;
- phosphate rock.
Top dressing of peony seedlings in autumn with superphosphate - the best choice, since this fertilizer dissolves faster and enters the plant tissues.
On winter period adult plants are completely pruned so that the shoots do not draw nutrients, but the root system accumulates them.
Young seedlings are best mulched and covered with special material for the winter. Suitable wooden box that lets air through.
If the peonies don't bloom
No flowering experienced gardeners explained by the following factors:
- Unsuitable place to land. Water stagnates, a darkened flower bed. Need to be transplanted.
- Nutrient deficiencies. You need to decide how to feed the peonies in the fall so that there are large flowers in the spring. Better to start organic.
- After propagation by cuttings, flowering can occur after 2 to 3 years, so there is no need to rush to dig up the bed.
- Roots damaged by rodents. The problem is solved with poison traps or the roots are dug up and placed in a large metal mesh frame so that the mice cannot reach the rhizomes. Well helps calendula or marigold.
- A large amount of nitrogen was used, while all the energy went into the growth of shoots and foliage. There is a lot of greenery, but no buds. IN next year do not use nitrogen fertilizer, apply potassium and phosphorus according to the instructions. In case of chlorosis, spray with urea in summer.
- Wrong landing: deep or shallow. In the first case, the roots will sprout later, in the second they may freeze and die. Optimal depth- 6 cm.
- Frequent transplant. Peonies do not like moving, as they have a powerful branched root system, which is damaged and rots during transplantation.
- Insufficient watering. This may be evidenced by the appeared, but unopened buds. Plants get their food from water. If it is not enough, then even if there are nutrients in the soil, they will not get into the tissues.
Some causes must be eliminated immediately so that the roots do not die. But most often, the owners of the site are in a hurry to see flowering, which is why they are worried.
For a long time I dreamed of breeding peonies, and then a neighbor shared bushes and also promised to give one variety in September. Tell me, is it necessary to apply fertilizer for peonies when planting in spring or autumn? What drugs are best to use?
They belong to plants that do not tolerate transplants, they are able to live in one place up to 50 years. Therefore, it is extremely important, even before planting, to determine the location of the bush and create the necessary supply of nutrients for peonies for further development.
Flowering shrubs are not very demanding on the composition of the soil, but grow best on loam with neutral acidity. Poor soil is recommended to be enriched by introducing organic and mineral substances even at the planting stage.
Planting can be done as in early spring(before the seedlings begin to develop buds) and in early autumn, but most flower growers practice August planting.
Spring planting of peonies can be carried out no earlier than the air temperature reaches 10 degrees Celsius.
Applying fertilizer to the planting hole
It is better to prepare a place for planting flowers in advance, at least 2 weeks before planting (in this case, the earth will have time to settle). To do this, dig a fairly large recess, at least 50 cm in diameter. This will allow a powerful root system to develop freely and make it possible to apply the necessary fertilizers.
Pour into each hole:
When growing peonies on soils with hyperacidity it is also necessary to add lime (up to 200 g).
Feeding peonies after disembarkation
Young bushes, planted in the soil with the introduction of nutrients, are provided with all the necessary microelements for development for the whole season. Further top dressing should be done starting from the second year of planting peonies.
In total, peonies for the entire growing season will need 4 top dressings:
- After the appearance of young shoots and they reach 10 cm in height. In early May, spray the shoots with a solution of urea.
- Before starting budding. Water the plants with a solution of mineral components: add 2 tsp to a bucket of water. carbamide and 4 tsp. drug "Ideal". Watering consumption - at least 6 liters under a bush. A week later, carry out root dressing with sodium humate.
- During the budding period. Pour the bushes with a solution consisting of nitrophoska and Agricola for flowering plants"(4 tsp each per bucket of water). After a 5 day break, spray the peonies on the leaf with "Bud" (10 g for the same amount of water).
- After completion of flowering. Carry out root dressing with complex fertilizers, for example, "Kemira-autumn".
Timely application of fertilizers when growing peonies is the key to lush flowering, so do not neglect it.
If you correctly prepared the soil when planting peonies and poured fertilizer into the pits, then for 2 years young bushes grow great without top dressing at the root. It is not recommended to plant peonies in the spring. They are planted in autumn.
Quite demanding on the composition of the earth, on sandy ground they are growing more stems, leaves, but the leaves are small, and the stems are very thin. On clay soils, peonies grow slowly, although their stems are quite thick. They do not like peat soils, because peonies sometimes lack moisture on them, sometimes there is too much of it. In addition, such soil has increased acidity, and this contributes to the disease of pions with gray rot. If, nevertheless, you plant peonies in peat bogs, then it is necessary to pour dolomite, bone meal, ash, and manure under digging.
Feeding peonies in spring for flowering
It is recommended to plant peonies on loamy soils that are saturated with nutrients and have excellent drainage. Pour a mixture of soil, compost, well-rotted peat into the planting hole, then pour 200 g of phosphorus or 400 g of ash or bone meal, and with acidic soil add 400 g of lime. Subsequently, peonies already need constant top dressing at the root.
For the first time, top dressing is advised to do even before the snow melts. In spring, the flower needs nitrogen and potassium the most: 15 g of nitrogen and 20 g of potassium salt per peony, instead of potash fertilizer you can pour a glass of ash. If the peony does not have enough nitrogen, then the leaves and stems will become fragile and frail. Fertilizing with nitrogen is done when the flower begins to grow in spring. It is also possible to pour 50-70 g of complex mineral fertilizer into a bucket of water (10 l) and water the bush. You must remember that fertilizing under the plants only after a rainstorm or intensive watering. It is not advised to apply fertilizers to dry land, as the flower may die.
Feeding peonies before flowering
The second time peonies are fertilized when they form buds. Take 15 g of ammonium sulfate, 20 g of superphosphate and 15 g of potassium chloride per peony.
The flowers are fertilized for the third time 14 days after the start of flowering. Take 20 g of superphosphate and 15 g of potassium chloride. Carefully monitor the application rate of dressings due to the fact that their excess, especially nitrogen, can result in a sharp decrease in bud formation, although the leaves will grow well. Even in this situation, the resistance of pions to certain diseases decreases.
Peonies will bloom luxuriantly after applying a solution of manure or chicken manure, but the solution must be added mineral fertilizers. This solution should be made as follows: 6 buckets of water and 1 bucket of mullein are poured into the barrel, the barrel is exposed to the sun, let the mullein wander for 10-15 days. Then you need to pour in 0.5 kg of ash, 200-300 g of phosphorus and mix everything thoroughly. After this solution must be diluted, add 7 buckets of water.
It is also advised to start feeding peonies on the leaves in the spring as follows: dilute 10-15 g of the Bud growth regulator in a bucket of water (10 l). In total, they are treated 3 times during the summer. 3 cups of ash are scattered around the peony.
What do you need to feed the peonies in the spring for lush flowering, so that in the summer in the garden they enchant all visitors to the dacha? How to properly feed them during the development period? Experienced gardeners give their recommendations on how to do it productively and what formulations to use.
Peonies grow actively and bloom profusely in the same area. But for this, flowers need competent care. Starting from the 3rd year of flowering, they need not only timely watering and loosening, but also fertilizing:
Important: when feeding, the dosage of drugs should be carefully observed. If there is too much nitrogen, the green mass grows, and budding is delayed.
What fertilizers feed peonies
Several very effective modern means are known.
Kemira - mineral fertilizer
The composition is used three times per season. In early spring and 7 days after flowering, Kemira-universal is used. First, each plant is watered, and then a handful of fertilizer is poured under it and buried in the ground. The composition immediately dissolves in water and penetrates into the roots of the flower.
The second top dressing can be done with Kemira-Combi, which does not have to be added dropwise. The packaging is simply poured into the garden under the bushes and watered. It is a fast-dissolving preparation that reaches the plant roots almost immediately.
All components of Kemira have a chelate form, due to which they are absorbed by plants without additional treatment by soil microorganisms.
Another useful remedy containing many trace elements is called "Siliplant". It helps to increase the strength of plant tissues and its adaptation to external conditions.
Baikal EM-1 - organic fertilizer
Microbiological preparation based on EM technology. It contains living microorganisms that improve the composition and fertility of the soil. Baikal EM-1 is placed in compost, which is used to mulch mature plants in the fall. Mulch layer 7-10 cm.
Any organic matter helps to develop flower shoots and numerous buds. As a fertilizer, mullein diluted in water in a ratio of 1:10 and bird droppings- 1:15. With this composition, the plants are carefully watered under the root, without affecting the basal neck. It is advisable to make small holes around the bush and pour the drug into them. Such top dressing is carried out once a season when budding is in progress.
foliar top dressing
Bushes, regardless of age, are fertilized once a month by the foliar method: the bushes are sprayed with a solution of the combined mineral composition. For example, you can use the drug Ideal, the rate of use of which is recorded in the annotation.
Important: to keep the fertilizer longer on the leaves, put 1 tablespoon of laundry detergent or laundry soap for 10 l. composition.
There is another option foliar feeding. The first time it is carried out after the formation of the ground part of the plant: a solution of urea is made 50 g per 10 liters. water. The second time - in a month: microfertilizer tablets are placed in diluted urea, 1 piece per 10 liters. solution. The third treatment is carried out only with a composition of 2 tablets per 10 liters. water.
To strengthen the roots, apply Heteroauxin, 2 tablets per bucket of water. In order to actively grow shoots, peonies are fed with sodium humate, 5 g per piece, scattering it into small furrows near the flower.
Most preparations are sprayed onto the bush with a spray gun, but in order for the soapy substances to “stick” better, you can process the flowers with a brush.
What experienced gardeners say
“I am not an expert on peonies, so they did not want to bloom with me at all. Small buds were constantly formed, which never became with flowers. Now it became clear to me what to do: plants need not only drainage and a little deepening, but also good fertilizer. For two seasons I have already been feeding peonies with Jerusalem artichoke: I cut the stems and pour them on a bush. I do this all the time in the spring. I want to take a picture of my old bush, which for many years gave 2-3 flowers a year. And now it's full of buds. Also, in young specimens of the variety Sarah Bernhardt and Dresden Peak, lush flowers. I don’t believe in chance, it’s all about fertilizer” (Larisa, Moscow).
Peonies Sarah Bernhardt “I read that peonies really like ash. I purchased my first flower, a Felix Kruss peony, from the hands of an experienced grower. He explained to me at what level to deepen, and how to feed the plant with organic matter. My flower is already 3 years old, it overwintered well, in the summer I cut the buds, the next season 5 large flowers appeared, and now there are 11 of them. I fertilized them, as I was recommended, with mullein. Peonies are unpretentious flowers and respond well to proper care ”(Annet, Tver).
Folk dressing recipes
yeast
Mineral supplements can be replaced with yeast infusion, which contains a large amount of nutrients. Due to it, the quality of the soil is improved and the bushes are provided with the necessary components. Yeast top dressing of peonies may be the first. Fertilizer is done like this: in 10 liters. water is diluted with 100 g of yeast and sugar to activate the composition. Put one tablespoon in there. wood ash. The drug is insisted for 2-3 hours, and then peonies are watered.
bread
Black bread, especially "Borodinsky" is also rich in useful substances. It is cut into small pieces, dried a little, and then dipped in water. At 10 l. water put the bread so that the liquid completely covers it. From above, everyone is pressed down with a vessel and a load is placed as a press. The product ferments for 7 days. Peonies are fed only with a diluted infusion of bread, in a ratio of 1: 1.
ammonia
A popular remedy among the people that must be dosed correctly, otherwise the green mass will grow, taking food from flowers and fruits. The substance is used only diluted: 25 ml. for 10 l. water. Still in case poor growth pions use emergency watering: 1 tablespoon of water accounts for the same amount of 25% ammonia.
Also used in the manufacture of fertilizers. eggshell, banana peel, potato peelings, yeast, nettle, whey, onion peel.
There is another simple way to make organic fertilizer: dissolve 0.5 l. chicken manure in 10 liters. water and insist 2 weeks. The prepared product is additionally diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 3, and for more strong action put a handful of ashes there.
There are enough mineral and organic products for feeding peonies, and which one to choose depends on the place where the flowers grow, the climate and the opinion of the grower himself. ornamental plants will duly thank the owners of the plots for proper nutrition juicy bright flowers.
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Proper feeding of peonies at the beginning of the growing season allows you to get incredibly lush bloom. peony bushes for a long time grow in one place and bloom profusely every year, which leads to rapid depletion of the soil. Plants must be carefully looked after. Early spring top dressing is one of the most necessary activities to improve the quality of flowers. With the help of special fertilizers, peonies can be made to bloom much more abundantly and brighter than usual.
Early spring top dressing
Peonies planted in a well-fertilized pit begin to be fed only after three years. At this time, the plants in the garden begin to bloom. For abundant flowering, in addition to regular watering and loosening, additional nutrition is required. You need to try to have time to feed the peonies in the spring immediately after the snow melts. During this period, plants need nitrogen first of all.
Intensive growth of bushes can be supported:
- urea;
- ammonium nitrate (sodium, calcium or potassium);
- calcium cyanamide (suitable for floating soils).
A lot of nitrogen is found in organic matter. Instead of mineral fertilizers, the earth can be sprinkled with rotted last year's manure. The thickness of the organic layer should be about 5 cm. The soil sprinkled with humus is loosened and watered abundantly.
Gardeners who do not have humus can use spring top dressing rye bread:
- 1. Half a loaf of black bread is dipped in cold water for 12 o'clock.
- 2. The resulting slurry is diluted with a bucket of water and the plants are watered. One bucket is enough for a bush.
- 3. Top dressing with bread is carried out immediately, as the first sprouts appeared from the ground.
When applying mineral fertilizers, their dose should be calculated in such a way that each bush has 10-15 g of nitrogen. For example, if it is written on a pack of urea that the nitrogen content is 46%, then 20 g of fertilizer is applied for each young bush about to bloom for the first time, which, in terms of pure nitrogen, will be 10 g of useful substance.
Nitrogen fertilizer No. 1
All nitrogen fertilizers are highly soluble in water. Urea or saltpeter can be diluted with warm liquid and watered the bushes. Sometimes the granules are simply scattered on the ground and buried with a rake. The second method is suitable if the soil is still wet from melted snow.
Budding period
Peonies begin to pick up buds in the summer. Already in early June, numerous flower sprouts form on the bushes. Phosphorus is required for good budding. To ensure the friendly development of leaves, flowers and roots during this period, 10 g of nitrogen, 20 g of phosphorus and 10 g of potassium are added under each bush.
The nutritional needs of plants will be fully met by:
- azophoska;
- nitroammophoska.
To achieve the ideal proportions of nutrients, experienced growers several mono-fertilizers are mixed in the right amount. For example, as mentioned above, 10 g of nitrogen are contained in 20 g of urea. The plant will receive the required amount of phosphorus from 150 g of simple superphosphate or 60 g of double, and 10 g of potassium - from just 20 grams of potassium chloride - a highly concentrated fertilizer, a little more than half of the composition of which falls on potassium, which is well absorbed by plants.
Period after flowering
During flowering, plants do not feed. For the third time during the season, the bushes are fertilized 2 weeks after flowering - in July. At this time, buds are laid in peonies and plants will need a lot of phosphorus and potassium. Under each bush contribute 20-25 g of pure potassium.
You need to carefully monitor the dosage of fertilizers, since any plant is better to underfeed than overfeed. Excess quantity nutrition disrupts the development of crops and prevents them from preparing for wintering. Incorrectly fertilized bushes often freeze in winter, and suffer from fungal diseases during the season.
For the third top dressing, you can use a mixture of wood ash and superphosphate:
- 500 g of wood ash and 300 g of superphosphate are thoroughly mixed and infused for at least a day in five liters of water.
- Bushes fertilize by diluting the working solution clean water 10 times.
End of summer and autumn
In August and September it is time to prepare for wintering. In early autumn until October, the root system of the flower thickens. It is rich in nutrients. Throughout the first half of autumn, the roots continue to grow. Additional feeding will help the plants store more food and make it easier to overwinter.
For autumn feeding use potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. Potassium increases the winter hardiness of plants, phosphorus will stimulate the next year's flowering.
Autumn top dressing is carried out in a dry form. In the first case, 20 g of superphosphate and 15 g of potassium chloride are poured onto the soil near each bush. Pre-flowers are well watered.
Industrial flower fertilizers
The modern chemical industry produces ready-made fertilizer mixtures that increase the brightness, splendor and duration of flowering. These drugs are easy to use. They are ideal for beginner gardeners, as there is no risk of miscalculating the dosage if they are used.
Industrial mixtures can be used both for planting peonies and for feeding already planted plants. In addition to ease of use, ready-made powders and liquids have another advantage - they are more effective than conventional mineral fertilizers, and sometimes even surpass organic matter in quality.
Table: mineral fertilizers for flowers:
Names | Mode of application |
"Kemira" flower | For feeding flowers in spring and summer. Sold in large volume packages (2.5 kg). Does not contain chlorine. Suitable for any flowers: annuals, perennials, bulbs. Peonies are fertilized every 2 weeks at the rate of 10-20 g per 10 liters of water. |
"mortar" | Suitable for root and foliar dressings. Dilute at a dosage of 20 g per 10 liters of water |
OMU Buyskiye fertilizers "Flower" | 100 g of fertilizer per bush. Sprinkle over the surface of the soil and loosen |
"Agricola" for flowers | Crystalline powder, completely soluble. Suitable for foliar applications. A sachet (50 g) is diluted in 20 liters of water |
"Agricola Aqua" for flowering plants | Contains trace elements in chelated form, humic substances, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Suitable for root and foliar top dressing. A 250 ml bottle is enough to prepare 50 liters of solution |
"Fertika" flower | Without chlorine. Contains macro- and microelements. For 10 liters of water take 10-20 grams of powder |
Fertilized soils allow you to get earlier and larger flowers. The bushes will become more durable, they will not need to be transplanted to a new place due to the depletion of the substrate. Properly and on time, fed plants winter well and almost do not get sick.