The lesson examines the gender, face and number of the verb. You will see how the verb expresses the meaning of the action by changing genders, persons and numbers.
Subject: Verb
Lesson: Gender, person, number of the verb
1. Grammatical meaning verb
Expand the brackets, put the verbs in the desired form of the present or future tense. If there are several variants of this form in your speech, select one of them. Justify the choice of option. If the verb does not have the desired form, change the sentence to express the given content.
1. On the streets (run) some people. 2. He (to attract) to people with a difficult fate. 3. In order not to freeze on the road, he usually (harness) the horse, let it gallop, and he (run) beside him. 4. I will definitely (get well) for the holiday. 5. I will definitely (win) these competitions. 6. I just (pour) sugar into the jar, (screw) the lid and come up to you. 7. That's how I (annoy) the teacher! 8. Nettles are very strong (burn). 9. The puppy (lie down) under the sofa and hums. 10. I (call) for you in the evening. 11. Mother (light) all the lamps and (drip) the daughter's medicine. 12. He should not be entrusted with such a responsible task: he must (hesitate) at the most crucial moment. 13. I will (knead) the dough and then rest. 14. If blood is (baked), it is difficult to clean the wound. 15. If water (leaks) under the bath, it will be difficultcollect. 16. When we (want), then (lie down) rest! 17. If you don't give up now, I will (riddled) the whole house! 18. He will quickly (fray) a new suit if he is so careless with him. 19. I (spinning, spinning, playing tricks), but it's all useless! 20. He (climb) to the very top of the tree. 21. He (lie) to you! 22. They never (put) briefcases on their desks. 23. He (bring) trouble on us. 24. I work hard in a day, (work hard), sometimes in the evening like that (become exhausted) - I can't move my hand. 25. I will not (offend you). 26. This is to (distract) you from sad thoughts. 27. He (disown) us at the first danger. 28. I (defeat) this opponent too! 29. Water (flowing) from the tap for the third day. 30. They (want to) dishonor us. 31. Boats do not stand still, they just (sway) on the water. 32. Wind blows, rain(splashing) in my face. 33. Parents stand on the platform and (wave) after the departing train. 34. Streams flow from the roofs (drip). 35. Wolf (prowl) through the forest in search of prey. 36. Women stand on the beach and (rinse) clothes.
1. Culture written speech ().
2. Modern Russian language ().
Literature
1. Russian language. Grade 6: Baranov M.T. and others - M .: Education, 2008.
2. Russian language. Theory. 5-9 grades: V.V. Babaytseva, L. D. Chesnokova - M .: Bustard, 2008.
3. Russian language. 6th grade: ed. MM. Razumovskaya, P.A. Lekanta - M .: Bustard, 2010.
In the section on the question Does the verb have a plural gender? given by the author Nika the best answer is
Interestingly, in another Slavic language, Polish, the genus is also present in plural: were (men), were (women).
Answer from power station[master]
No!!!
Answer from Firenze[guru]
verbs have no gender; nouns with which the predicate agrees
Answer from I-beam[expert]
Left is a past tense verb and it has no gender, but changes by gender. Left, left, left. You are asking about future tense verbs. They, like all verbs, do not have gender and, unlike past tense verbs, do not change in gender. She will go, he will go, it will go away. As you can see, the verb has not changed its form. So the conclusion: Verbs do not have gender as nouns, however, past tense verbs can change in gender. That is, to change its form depending on the pronoun attached to it.
Answer from Isolate[active]
No! And not in any case! This is mistake!
Answer from Natasha maslennikova[newbie]
NO!!!
Answer from Scorpio[newbie]
thundered how would it be in the plural?
Answer from Ekaterina Pospelova[active]
it is impossible to determine the gender of the verbs pl h
Answer from 1111 111
[newbie]
No
Answer from Vyacheslav trusov[newbie]
a change in gender is present in singular verbs. the number of the past tense. The plural endings are the same.
It is interesting that in another Slavic language, Polish, the genus is also present in the plural: there were (men), byls (women).
Instructions
1. Take verbs of the past tense indicative mood out of any context. Here, for example, is a tiny fable by L.N. Tolstoy "Wolf in the dust." The wolf wanted to catch a sheep from the flock and went into the wind, so that the dust from the flock would blow on him. The shepherd dog saw him and says: - You are fruitless, wolf, you walk in the dust, your eyes will hurt. And the wolf says : - That is a disaster, little dog, that my eyes hurt for a long time, but they say - dust from a flock of sheep famously heals the eyes.
2. In this little text in the first 2 sentences 4 verb used in the past tense: wanted, entered, carried, saw. In order to determine the gender of verbs, find the subject nouns, paired with these predicate verbs, form the basis of sentences. For the first 2 verbs: "The wolf wanted and went" - the verbs correspond to the masculine noun kind"Wolf". Consequently, verbs also have the masculine form kind.Based on the second sentence “the dog saw” - the verb “saw” is used in the feminine form kind because it corresponds to the feminine noun kind“Dog.” Another past tense verb “carried” is used in the middle form kind Is one of the generic forms impersonal verbs... Let's compare with the variant of the two-part sentence: “The current carried the boat”. Middle noun kind agrees with the neuter verb.
3. Look now observationally at the generic endings of the verbs and analyze them, supplementing them with your own examples. It turns out that the result follows: in the past tense of masculine verbs kind in an exceptional number, the ending is zero; in feminine verbs kind ending -а; middle-oh. Plural Past Tense Verbs Category kind lose and end with -i. Therefore: the endings of verbs in the past tense are a formal sign kind .
Helpful advice
Another method for determining the gender of a verb is the support of the corresponding personal pronouns of the 3rd person (he, she, it).
Modern linguistic scholars agree that the first word uttered by the ancient hominids at the stage of the transition from ape to man was a verb. Pithecanthropus or Australopithecus were alien to abstract concepts, he did not think about the meaning of life, did not try to describe in detail subtle shades the evening sky, perhaps even before realizing oneself as a person, was still far away. It was important for him to shout to his fellow tribesman: "Run!" - and thus save his life and increase the survival rate of the clan. In most languages, there are 4 main verbs: "to be," "to have," "to do," and "to walk." Certain signs clearly indicate that if these words appeared in the language and not the first (although the probability of this is high), then one of the first - undoubtedly. To one degree or another, they participate in grammatical structures, form complex tenses.
All other verbs also play a primary role in any language - it is this part of speech that carries the main semantic load in the sentence. For example, in English language incomplete proposal- without subject and / or predicate - possible only in colloquial speech; in official documents or fiction it is categorically unacceptable. In Russian, we can use non-verbal phrases as, for example, an answer to a question:
What is this chair made of?
- From wood.
Descriptive structures such as adjective + noun are rarely full sentences and are also used as short cues in informal communication.
By the way, we often mistakenly think that in our native speech in the present tense the verb is not always used: "I am 28 years old and several months old." In fact, this is still the same verb "to be" that we omit, but we mean. It is worth translating the phrase into the past tense - and it appears: “I It was 28 years and several months, and now I (have) 29 ”. In English, French and many other languages, this number does not work, in a literal translation of the phrase it sounds like this: “I am a girl. I am a student. I am 15 years old and there is a cat in this room. " English verb (verb) comes from the Latin verbum (word) - which means that initially these two concepts were identical, which proves the unique position of this part of speech in any language.
At school, they teach that "verbs change by gender, person, number and tenses", however, let us make a reservation that this rule is unconditionally true only for the Russian language. For example, the inhabitants of foggy Albion do without future tense - such grammatical form they do not have a verb, they have to be content with already established structures. The division according to their faces is very conditional and exists only in the present tense, and no one remembers the clan in this beautiful kingdom for many centuries. But back to Slavic roots- we have a kind, however, only in the past tense and the singular. In childhood, we memorize the way of recognizing the gender of a part of speech by the phrase “he is mine / she is mine / it is mine” or the question “What did you do? What did you do? ”, But this method seems to be unreliable, and besides, it requires a certain linguistic instinct. Who will prevent a foreigner from saying: “The table is mine” or “What did you do? Did she work? A more sure sign is required.
He is there. Russian is an inflectional language, that is, words in it are changed with the help of affixes, or more simply - prefixes, suffixes and endings. These are the last ones that interest us most of all. In our speech, the ending performs several grammatical functions at once. For example, in the word "beautiful" at the end of "th" we understand that we are talking about a masculine subject in the singular. Let's go back to the verbs. As already mentioned, the gender appears only in the verbs of the past tense, which means that each of them acquires the suffix "l". The zero ending (read_) indicates a masculine verb, the ending "a" (read a) indicates the feminine gender, and "o" (light O) - to the middle. Some teachers advise you to check which noun the verb is related to, since their gender will be the same. For example: "A wolf attacked a sheep." "Wolf" - he is mine - is a masculine noun, which means that this sign can be safely transferred to the verb.
Some complexity can be reflexive verbs on "-sya", but in reality everything is simple: the ending of these words is before reflexive suffix: frightened a sleeping (feminine), did not sleep O smiling (middle), frolicking ( zero ending, masculine).
In fact, native speakers do this automatically in tenths of a second; a practical gender determination mechanism can only be useful to foreigners learning the language. For the Russian language, this algorithm is extremely short and simple.
Genus is inflectional grammatical category a verb presented in the past tense and subjunctive mood and performing the following three functions: 1) an indication of the grammatical gender of the noun with which the verb is coordinated (forms m.w., f.r., Wed.); 2) the designation of the gender of the person - the carrier of the procedural feature (forms m and f); 3) presentation of a procedural feature as impersonal (Wed forms). In conjugated forms, the means of expression m.r. is the null ending ( froze, would sit down), f. - the ending -a (frozen, would sit down), cf. - the ending - O (frozen, the village would), plural verb forms are not characterized by gender ( Boys, girls read; Rains, thunderstorms would stop ).
The generic verb form corresponds to the grammatical gender of the name of the carrier of the procedural feature, if this carrier is an object or phenomenon ( the car stopped, pillar tilted, the sun would go down). In the event that in the name of the bearer of a procedural feature that is a living being, the grammatical gender and gender - male or female - of this creature coincide, the generic verb form duplicates these meanings of gender and gender ( student read — the student repeated, mother said — father kept silent). If the bearer of a procedural feature is a living being and is designated by a noun m.r. or personal pronouns-nouns I, you, then the form of the verb indicates the gender of this carrier ( the doctor came — the doctor came, I read- I am read, would you sing). In cases like the doctor came the designation of the sex of the person - the carrier of the procedural feature is inconsistent, this construction can also be attributed to the female person. Indication of gender is inherent, as a rule, in the form of the verb and in the case of designating the carrier of a procedural feature with a noun of a general gender ( the orphan cried — the orphan cried), but fluctuations are possible here, especially if the noun has a qualitatively characterizing meaning. For example, when using the verb form in g.r. expressions like Again this mess has come can be equally attributed to both male and female. However, if the bearer of the procedural feature is designated by the name of the person or Wed, the generic verb form is coordinated with the grammatical gender of the noun ( baby cried, the monster is back, one significant person stated, one influential person said), although nouns face, child, monster, a person, figure can denote both male and female creatures.
Wed verb form used when using impersonal verbs, as well as personal verbs in the meaning of impersonal ( I was in a fever; There was a rustle overhead; In the spring he was drawn to the uliyu; It would rather get light).